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00.077.0.01.003. Belladonna mottle virus

Cite this publication as: ICTVdB Management (2006). 00.077.0.01.003. Belladonna mottle virus. In: ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, version 4. Büchen-Osmond, C. (Ed), Columbia University, New York, USA

Cite this site as: ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, version 4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ICTVdb/ICTVdB/

Table of Contents

Isolate Description

Location: Germany.

Host of Isolate and Habitat Details
Source of isolate: Atropa belladonna.

Natural host and symptoms
Atropa belladonna — mottling, distortion.

Reference to Isolation Report
Bode and Marcus (1959).

Classification

This is a description of a plant virus at the species level with data on all virus properties from morphology to genome, replication, antigenicity and biological properties.

ICTVdB Virus Code: 00.077.0.01.003. Virus accession number: 77001003. Obsolete virus code: 77.0.1.0.002; superceded accession number: 77010002.
NCBI Taxon Identifier NCBI Taxonomy ID: 12149.

Name, Synonyms and Lineage

Synonym(s): Tollkirschenscheckungs virus. ICTV approved acronym: BeMV. Virus is an ICTV approved species of the genus 00.077.0.01. Tymovirus; family 00.077. Tymoviridae.

Virion Properties

Morphology

Virions consist of a capsid. Virus capsid is not enveloped, round with icosahedral symmetry. The isometric capsid has a diameter of 27 nm. Capsids appear round. The capsomer arrangement is clearly visible.

Electron microscopic preparation and references: Virus preparation contains many virions. Reference for electron microscopic methods: Steere's method.

Physicochemical and Physical Properties

There are 2 sedimenting component(s) found in purified preparations. The sedimentation coefficient is of the fastest 113 S20w; of the other(s) are 53 S20w. Isoelectric point pH is 9.12. The thermal inactivation point (TIP) is at 80°C. The longevity in vitro (LIV) is 5-20 days. Although the titer is dependent on the host, the decimal exponent (DEX) of the dilution end point is usually around 6-7. The infectivity is not changed by treatment with ether; retained when deproteinized with proteases; retained when deproteinized with phenol or detergent.

Nucleic Acid

The Mr of the genome constitutes 37% of the virion by weight. The genome is monopartite. Only one particle size of linear, single-stranded RNA is recovered. The complete genome is 6300 nucleotides long, is partially sequenced and sequenced region is 6300 nucleotides long. Sequence has the accession number [X54529] Em(40)_vi:BMVVP Gb(84)_vi:BMVVP Belladonna mottle virus VP gene for virion protein and ORF. 9/93 615bp. The genome has a base ratio of 17.5 % guanine; 22.8 % adenine; 32.8 % cytosine; 26.9 % uracil. The 5'-end of the genome has a methylated nucleotide cap. The 3'-terminus has a tRNA-like structure. Reference to nucleotide sequence Ding et al. (1990).

GenBank records for nucleotide sequences; complete genome sequences.

Proteins

Proteins constitute about 63% of the particle weight.

The viral genome encodes structural proteins and non-structural proteins. Virions consist of 1 structural protein(s) located in the capsid.

Structural Proteins: Reference to amino acid sequence or composition Ding et al. (1990).

Lipids

Lipids are not reported.

Genome Organization and Replication

By itself, genomic nucleic acid is infectious.

Transcription: Sub-genomic RNA is present in infected cells; a transcription of mRNA of virion protein.

Translation: Coat protein mRNA is translated in the cytoplasm.

The genome replicates in in association with chloroplasts (in vesicles in the chloroplast external membrane).

Replication cycle Features: the genome has Untranslated 5' terminal region, overlapping gene of about 1800 nucleotides followed 7 nucleotides (to 3') by replicase gene of about 5400 nucleotides, then after the conserved tymobox promoter region by the virion protein gene of 567 nucleotides.

Antigenicity

The virus is serologically related to Andean potato latent, dulcamara mottle, eggplant mosaic, ononis yellow mosaic and scrophularia mottle viruses.

Biological Properties

Natural Host

Domain
Viral hosts belong to the Domain Eucarya.

Domain Eucarya
Kingdom Plantae.

Kingdom Plantae
Phylum Magnoliophyta (Angiosperms, Class Magnoliopsida (Dicotyledonae).

Class Magnoliopsida (Dicotyledonae)
Subclass ASTERIDAE.

General Symptoms in Plants Virus affects the photosynthetic system. Symptoms are expressed in the leaf include chlorosis and development of patterns or markings that are visible in the intercostal regions. Intercostal regions show chlorosis. Leaves with mottle. Symptoms mottling.

Severity and Occurrence of Disease

Host: Signs and symptoms persist.

Transmission and Vector Relationships

Virus is transmitted by a vector. Virus is transmitted by mechanical inoculation; not transmitted by contact between hosts; not transmitted by seeds.

Vector Transmission:
Virus is transmitted by arthropods, by insects of the order Coleoptera; Epithrix atropae (Jankulova et al., 1968). Virus is not transmitted by aphids.

Experimental Hosts and Symptoms

Under experimental conditions susceptibility to infection by virus is found in few families. Susceptible host species are found in the Family Apocynaceae, Caryophyllaceae, Chenopodiaceae, Gesneriaceae, Polemoniaceae, Solanaceae. The following species were susceptible to experimental virus infection: Atropa belladonna, Catharanthus roseus, Chenopodium quinoa, Datura stramonium, Gypsophila elegans, Leptosiphon, Nicotiana tabacum, Sinningia speciosa.

Host:
Experimentally infected hosts mainly show symptoms of necrosis, mosaics.

Experimentally infected insusceptible Hosts: Families containing insusceptible hosts: Bignoniaceae, Campanulaceae, or Chenopodiaceae, Compositae, Convolvulaceae, Cruciferae, or Cucurbitaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Labiatae, Leguminosae-Papilionoideae (3 /3), or Malvaceae, Myrtaceae, Papaveraceae, Polygonaceae, or Ranunculaceae, Rosaceae, Scrophulariaceae, Tropaeolaceae, or Umbelliferae, Valerianaceae, Violaceae. Species inoculated with virus that do not show signs of susceptibility: Antirrhinum majus, Arachis hypogaea, Bellis perennis, Beta vulgaris, Brassica campestris ssp. pekinensis, Catalpa bignonioides, Cucumis sativus, Daucus carota, Delphinium hybridum, Eucalyptus cloeziana, Euphorbia marginata, Fagopyrum esculentum, Fragaria vesca, Gossypium hirsutum, Helianthus annuus, Ipomoea nil, Lactuca sativa, Lobelia erinus, Papaver nudicaule, Pastinaca sativa, Petroselinum crispum, Pisum sativum, Podolepis robusta, Salvia splendens, Tropaeolum majus, Valeriana officinalis, Vigna radiata, Viola cornuta.

Diagnostic Hosts

Diagnostic host species and symptoms:

Chenopodium quinoa — local lesions, not systemic.

Datura stramonium — necrotic local lesions, mosaic.

Nicotiana tabacum — ring local lesions, vein clearing, mosaic.

Maintenance and Propagation Hosts

Most commonly used maintenance and propagation host species are Nicotiana tabacum.

Assay Hosts

Host: Assay hosts (for Local lesions or Whole plants):
Nicotiana tabacum (L).

References to host data: Paul et al. (1968, Guy et al. (1984).

Histopathology: Virus can be best detected in all parts of the host plant. Virions are found in the cytoplasm.

Cytopathology: Inclusions are not present in infected cells.

Geographical Distribution

The virus occurs in Bulgaria and Germany.

References

Bode, O. and Marcus, O. (1959). Proc. 4th Int. Cong. Crop Protect. Hamburg 1: 375.

Ding, S.W., Howe, J., MacKenzie, A, Skotnicki, M. and Gibbs, AJ. (1990). Nucl. Acids Res. 18: 6138.

Guy, P.L., Dale, J.L., Adena, MA and Gibbs, AJ. (1984). Pl. Path. 33: 337.

Koenig, R. (1976). Virology 72: ;1.

Paul, H.L. (1971). CMI/AAB Descr. Pl. Viruses No. 52, 3 pp.

Paul, H.L., Bode, O., Jankulova, M. and Brandes, J. (1968). Phytopath. Z. 61: 342.

Peter, R., Peter, C., Dupin, A and Witz, J. (1989). C.r. Acad. Sci., Paris 309: 599.
The following generic references are cited in the most recent ICTV Report.

PubMed References.

VIDEdB, the plant virus database developed at the Australian National University by Adrian J. Gibbs and collaborators, contains an earlier description with the number 94 by A.J. Gibbs, 1991. A description of the virus is found in DPV, a database for plant viruses developed by the Association of Applied Biologists (AAB), with the number 52.



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DELTA - DEscription Language for TAxonomy developed by Dr Mike Dallwitz, Toni Paine and Eric Zurcher, CSIRO Entomology, Canberra, Australia. ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, developed for the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses by Dr Cornelia Büchen-Osmond is written in DELTA. The virus descriptions in ICTVdB are coded by, or using data from experts in the field of virology or members ICTV. The character list is the underlying code. All virus descriptions are based on the character list and natural language translations are automatically generated and formatted for display on the Web from the descriptions in DELTA-format. The description has been generated automatically from DELTA files. DELTA - DEscription Language for TAxonomy developed by Dr Mike Dallwitz, Toni Paine and Eric Zurcher, CSIRO Entomology, Canberra, Australia.

ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, developed for the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) by Dr Cornelia Büchen-Osmond, is written in DELTA. The virus descriptions in ICTVdB are coded by ICTV members and experts, or by the ICTVdB Management using data provided by the experts, the literature or the latest ICTV Report. The character list is the underlying code. All virus descriptions are based on the character list and natural language translations from the encoded descriptions are automatically generated and formatted for display on the Web.

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Last updated on 25 April 2006 by Cornelia Büchen-Osmond
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