[Report#:DOE/EIA-0484(2000)]

Preface

Highlights

World Energy Consumption

The World Oil Market

Natural Gas

Coal

Nuclear Power

Hydroelectricity and Other Renewable Resources

Electricity

Transportation Energy Use

Environmental Issues and World Energy Use

Appendixes

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1. S. Mydans, “Bangkok Opens Skytrain, But Will It Ease Car Traffic?” The New York Times (December 6, 1999), p. A3.

2. “Translating S.U.V. Into European: Re-engineering the Old World,” The New York Times (December 14, 1999), pp. C1 and C14.

3. Energy Information Administration, Annual Energy Outlook 2000, DOE/EIA-0383(2000) (Washington, DC, December 1999).

4. Energy Information Administration, Annual Energy Outlook 2000, DOE/EIA-0383(2000) (Washington, DC, December 1999), p. 60.

5. Energy Information Administration, Annual Energy Outlook 2000, DOE/EIA-0383(2000) (Washington, DC, December 1999), p. 13.

6. Standard & Poor’s Platt’s, World Energy Service: Canadian Energy Outlook (Lexington, MA, Fall-Winter 1998-1999), p. 18.

7. Natural Resources Canada, “Backgrounder: Natural Gas for Vehicles,” Vol. 99/18(d) (1999), web site http://nrn1.nrcan.gc.ca; and Ward’s/pembertons, World Vehicle Population, 1998 Edition (Southfield, MI, 1998), p. 116.

8. Standard & Poor’s Platt’s, World Energy Service: Canadian Energy Outlook (Lexington, MA, Fall-Winter 1998-1999), p. 18.

9. Ward’s/pembertons, World Auto Atlas and Directory, 1998 Edition (Southfield, MI, 1998), pp. 52 and 204.

10. Ward’s/pembertons, World Auto Atlas and Directory, 1998 Edition (Southfield, MI, 1998), p. 122.

11. Standard & Poor’s Platt’s, World Energy Service: Latin American Outlook, 1999 (Lexington, MA, 1999), pp. 158-159.

12. G. Mohan, “Giant Antennas Answer to D.F. Smog Problem?” elan News Release (January 31, 1999), web site http://earthsystems.org/list/elan.

13. ABCNEWS.com, “Mexico City Air Hurting Kids” (March 11, 1999), web site http://abcnews.go.com.

14. E-Wire Press Release, “Mexico City and IMPCO To Convert Thousands of Vehicles in a Committed Effort To Clean the City’s Air” (September 14, 1999), web site http://ens.lycos.com/e-wire.

15. Standard & Poor’s Platt’s, World Energy Service: Latin American Outlook, 1999 (Lexington, MA, 1999), pp. 158-159.

16. Standard & Poor’s Platt’s, World Energy Service: European Outlook, Vol. II (Lexington, MA, 1999), p. 5.

17. Standard & Poor’s Platt’s, World Energy Service: European Outlook, Vol. II (Lexington, MA, 1999), pp. 5-6.

18. Standard & Poor’s Platt’s, World Energy Service: European Outlook, Vol. II (Lexington, MA, 1999), p. 189.

19. Standard & Poor’s Platt’s, World Energy Service: European Outlook, Vol. II (Lexington, MA, 1999), p. 63.

20. Standard & Poor’s Platt’s, World Energy Service: European Outlook, Vol. II (Lexington, MA, 1999), pp. 60-61.

21. “Gas Vehicle Pact Signed,” Financial Times: International Gas Report, No. 387 (November 26, 1999), p. 22.

22. Standard & Poor’s Platt’s, World Energy Service: European Outlook, Vol. II (Lexington, MA, 1999), pp. 86-87.

23. U.S. Central Intelligence Agency, World Factbook 1999, web site www.odci.gov/cia/publications/ factbook/mo.html#trans.

24. Standard & Poor’s Platt’s, World Energy Service: Asia Pacific Outlook (Lexington, MA, 1999), pp. 137-138.

25. Standard & Poor’s DRI, Asian Automotive Industry Forecast (Lexington, MA, July 1999), p. 149.

26. “Global Automotive Report: Japan New Vehicle Sales Increase 0.2 Percent,” The Detroit News (December 2, 1999), web site http://detnews.com.

27. Standard & Poor’s Platt’s, World Energy Service: Asia Pacific Outlook (Lexington, MA, 1999), pp. 25-26.

28. “Facts at a Glance,” Unofficial Sydney International Airport web site (August 11, 1999), www.acay.com. au/~willt/yssy/welcome.html.

29. Brisbane Airport Corporation, Ltd., “Airport Starts Public Comment Phase for Proposed $51 Million Development,” Media Release (December 8, 1999).

30. Standard & Poor’s Platt’s, World Energy Service: Asia Pacific Outlook (Lexington, MA, 1999), pp. 212-213.

31. “Record Results,” Auckland Airport Touchdown Newsletter (1999), web site www.auckland-airport. co.nz.

32. Standard & Poor’s Platt’s, World Energy Service: Asia Pacific Outlook (Lexington, MA, 1999), pp. 54-55.

33. Ward’s/pembertons, World Auto Atlas and Directory, 1998 Edition (Southfield, MI, 1998), p. 186.

34. Standard & Poor’s Platt’s, World Energy Service: Asia Pacific Outlook (Lexington, MA, 1999), p. 84.

35. Standard & Poor’s Platt’s, World Energy Service: Asia Pacific Outlook (Lexington, MA, 1999), pp. 111-112.

36. Standard & Poor’s Platt’s, World Energy Service: Asia Pacific Outlook (Lexington, MA, 1999), pp. 189-190.

37. Standard & Poor’s Platt’s, World Energy Service: Asia Pacific Outlook (Lexington, MA, 1999), pp. 235-236.

38. Standard & Poor’s Platt’s, World Energy Service: Asia Pacific Outlook (Lexington, MA, 1999), pp. 261-262.

39. U.S. Central Intelligence Agency, World Factbook 1999, web site www.odci.gov/cia/publications/ factbook/index.html.

40. Standard & Poor’s Platt’s, World Energy Service: Asia Pacific Outlook (Lexington, MA, 1999), p. 285.

41. S. Mydans, “Bangkok Opens Skytrain, But Will It Ease Car Traffic?” The New York Times (December 6, 1999), p. A3.

42. Standard & Poor’s Platt’s World Energy Service: Asia Pacific Outlook (Lexington, MA, 1999), pp. 309-310.

43. D.P. Mazal, “Overview: A Change of Perspective,” South American Automotive Industry Forecast Report, Second Quarter 1999 (Lexington, MA: Standard & Poor’s DRI, 1999), pp. 3-5.

44. Standard & Poor’s Platt’s, World Energy Service: Latin American Outlook, 1999 (Lexington, MA, 1999), p. 1.

45. Standard & Poor’s Platt’s, World Energy Service: Latin American Outlook, 1999 (Lexington, MA, 1999), pp. 75-76.

46. “Amazon River,” Compton’s Encyclopedia Online, web site www.optonline.com/comptons/ceo/ 00157_A.html).

47. Standard & Poor’s Platt’s, World Energy Service: Latin American Outlook, 1999 (Lexington, MA, 1999), pp. 75-76.

48. Standard & Poor’s Platt’s, World Energy Service: Latin American Outlook, 1999 (Lexington, MA, 1999), pp. 75-76.

49. U.S. Central Intelligence Agency, World Factbook 1999, web site www.odci.gov/cia/publications/ factbook/br.html.

50. Standard & Poor’s Platt’s, World Energy Service: Latin American Outlook, 1999 (Lexington, MA, 1999), pp. 22-23. 23 The Mercosur trading block is made up of Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay, and Uruguay. Chile and Bolivia are Associate Members.

51. “What is MERCOSUR,” Mercosur Trade and Investment Report, web site www. mercosurinvestment.com (not dated).

52. “Peace Talks Face Deadlock,” Latin American Monitor: Andean Group, Vol. 16, No. 12 (December 1999), p. 5.

53. Standard & Poor’s Platt’s, World Energy Service: Latin American Outlook, 1999 (Lexington, MA, 1999), p. 130.

54. Standard & Poor’s Platt’s, World Energy Service: Latin American Outlook, 1999 (Lexington, MA, 1999), pp. 102-103.

55. Standard & Poor’s Platt’s, World Energy Service: Latin American Outlook, 1999 (Lexington, MA, 1999), pp. 183-184.

56. Standard & Poor’s Platt’s, World Energy Service: Latin American Outlook, 1999 (Lexington, MA, 1999), p. 212.

57. World Bank, World Bank Annual Report 1999, web site www.worldbank.org.

58. World Bank, “Emergency Loan To Help Restore Albania’s Damaged National Road Network,” News Release No. 2000/122/ECA (December 7, 1999).

59. D. Howes, “Eastern Europe Holds a Special Market Allure for U.S. Automakers,” The Detroit News (November 9, 1999), web site http://detnews.com.

60. “Russia Approves ‘Gas-Fired Cars’ Law,” Financial Times: Gas Markets Week: Europe, No. 29 (November 22, 1999), p. 12.

61. Standard & Poor’s Platt’s, World Energy Service: Africa/Middle East (Lexington, MA, 1999), pp. 6-7.

62. Ward’s/pembertons, World Auto Atlas and Directory, 1998 Edition (Southfield, MI, 1998), pp. 138 and 168.

63. Standard & Poor’s Platt’s World Energy Service: Africa/Middle East (Lexington, MA, 1999), p. 85.

64. Mbendi News Release, “Nigerian Government Approves Funds for Road Projects” (November 5, 1999), web site www.mbendi.co.za.

65. Mbendi News Release (October 24, 1999).

66. T. Ojudun, “African Private Airlines To Have Open Skies in the Continent,” The News (Lagos) (December 6, 1999), web site http://africanews.org.

67. Mbendi Company Project List, “Transport and Storage Projects” (November 17, 1999), web site www.mbendi.co.za.

68. Standard & Poor’s Platt’s, World Energy Service: Africa/Middle East (Lexington, MA, 1999), p. 111.

69. South African Embassy, “Business & Economy: Rad Expenditure,” web site www.southafrica.net (not dated).

70. Mbendi Company Project List, “Transport and Storage Projects” (November 17, 1999), web site www. mbendi.co.za.

71. Spoornet, “Company Profile” (1998), web site www.spoornet.co.za.

72. “Transformation News: To Survive, Spoornet Must Take the Pain Now,” The Sunday Times (July 18, 1999), web site www.spoornet.co.za.

73. “South Africa Demographics” (February 16, 1998), web site http://tcol.co.uk/southafr/sou2.htm.

74. Standard & Poor’s Platt’s, World Energy Service: Africa/Middle East (Lexington, MA, 1999), p. 111.

75. Airports Company South Africa, “Company Profile,” web site www.airports.co.za/ (not dated).

76. Airports Company South Africa, “More Regional Airports Takeovers,” Press Release (November 10, 1999), web site www.airports.co.za.

77. Standard & Poor’s Platt’s, World Energy Service: Africa/Middle East (Lexington, MA, 1999), p. 68.

78. U.S. Central Intelligence Agency, World Factbook 1999, web site www.odci.gov/cia/publications/ factbook/mo.html#trans.

79. “Morocco: The Country,” Morocco Today, web site www.morocco-today.com (not dated).

80. “Morocco, Land of Opportunity,” Morocco & Africa Today: International Edition (1995), web site www. morocco-today.com.

81. Standard & Poor’s Platt’s, World Energy Service: Africa/Middle East (Lexington, MA, 1999), p. 68.

82. “Morocco Moves on Privatization of State-Owned Airline Company RAM,” North Africa Journal (November 12, 1999), web site www.africanews. com.

83. Standard & Poor’s Platt’s, World Energy Service: Africa/Middle East (Lexington, MA, 1999), p. 26.

84. “Algeria Business News,” North Africa Journal (October 22, 1999), web site www.africanews.com.

85. Standard & Poor’s DRI, World Energy Service: Africa/Middle East Outlook (Lexington, MA, 1998), p. 399.

86. Standard & Poor’s Platt’s, World Energy Service: Africa/Middle East (Lexington, MA, 1999), p. 151.

87. Standard & Poor’s Platt’s, World Energy Service: Africa/Middle East (Lexington, MA, 1999), p. 175.

88. “Airport Ranking (Passengers),” web site www. airconnex.com (April 7, 1999).

89. D. Ben-Tal, “Israel Braces for Huge Influx of International Travelers,” Jewish Bulletin of Northern California (November 17, 1995), web site http:// jewishsf.com.

90. Standard & Poor’s Platt’s, World Energy Service: Africa/Middle East (Lexington, MA, 1999), p. 241.