APRIL, 1922. MONTHLY WEA
from Kobe for Seattle on the lst, and a t noon of the 5th (G. M. T.) was in 47' N., 169' E. At 1 a. m. (S. M. T.) of that day, reports Mr. Van Dusen, the barometer was falling slowly, wind slugaish easterly, later veering to south. By noon the win8 had increased to a fresh ale
its lowest point, 29.45 inches and the wind attained force 10, S. Conditions indicated to observers aboard the vessel that the storm was traveling eastward at the same speed as t.he ship, about 400 miles a day. Pressure at Dutch Harbor was generally above normal from the 5th to the 19th, the average departure for this period being 0.20 inch. The highest pressure, 30.54 inches, occurred on the 12th. During tshe remainder of the month the average negative departure was about 0.65 inch. At Midway Island ressure was above normal enerally tliroughou t the monti, the daily average esc~ss
feing some 0.09 inch. Pressure a t Honolulu averaged slightly below normal.
HURRICANE IN SOUTH PACIFIC OCEAN.
Durino the period extending from January 15 to 21,
1922, axurricane prevailed in the western part of the South Pacific Ocean. Forming to the eastward of the Solomon Islands, probably sometime prior to the 15th, it moved on n west-southwest course, and on the 17th and 18th recurved about midwily between the New Hebrides Islands and the coast of Australia. It tslience moved to the southeastward, traveling at moderate s eed, and
the 24t.h the center was somewhat to the north of New Zealand. The following re ort of the hurricane has been received from the British 8. S. Wuihora, on voyage from New- castle, N. S. W., to Nauru Island, located in about 1' s., 167' E. The correction for the barometer, an aneroid, is not known, but it is stated that the readings are prob- ably below standard.
January 1 0 .4 a. m., cleared Newcastle in ballast. Experienced moderate to fresh easterly winds wit,h slight sea to 16th. Fine and
clear. January 15.-NOOn, lat. 16' S., long. 15?' 37' E. Bar. 29.64, ther.
78'. Wind freshening from SE. by E. (true). Rough sea. cloudy, fine.
4 p. m. Strong breeze, rough eea. cloudy. clear; bar. 99.56. ther. 77'. 6 p. m. Weather indications bad. Furled all awnings and battened down. Sunset coloring of clouds to westward a tawny or bronze color and streaked with broad patches of green of all shades. 8 p. m. Ear. 39.55. ther. 75O. Becoming squally. 13 p. m. Strong breeze from SE. hy E. (true). Rough, increasing sea, heavy rain squalls, cloudy overcast sky: January 16.-2:50 a. m. Wind still SE. by E., steadily increasing, with falling glass and increzsing sea. Erery indication that hurricane was approaching. with esception that the sea remained true to whd. Stood to weetward. 4 a. m. Bar. 39.35, ther. 75O. Wind BE. by E., gale force, heavy rain squalls. Sea increasing and becoming confused; rolling heady. Speed reduced to 5 knots owing to raring. 8 a. m. Bar. 29.31, ther. 75'. Strong gale BE. by E. Heavy driv- ing rain squalls. Noon. Ear. 29.14. ther. 74'. Heavy gale SE. by E. Heavy easterly sea making itself apparent. but main sea still true to wind.
4 p. m. Bar. 28.89. ther. 74'. Very heavy gale from SE. bv E. Very heav confused. dangerous sea. Thick driving rain squalls of humcane Cree. 8 p. m. Bar. 28.65, ther. 73'. Wind and sea still increasing with humcane squalls. Wind veering SRE. 9 p. m. Bar. 28.60, vibrating wildly over a full tenth. Wind 8.
10 p. m. Bar. 28.46. 10:11 p. m. Hnmcane a t its height. 11 p. m. Bar. 28.40. 12 p. m. Bar. 28.44 and steadying, ther. 73'. Wind humcane force, from SSW. Sea mountainous and confused. Wind force converting wave break into a stinging spindrift.
from SW. At 10 a. m. of the 6th the barometer reac a ed
passed between New Caledonia and Norfolk Is f and. On
A .THER REVIEW. 20 i
January 1 7 .4 a. m. Bar. 38.80, ther. 74'. Fierce gale with moun- tainous, confused sea.
8 a. m. Bar. 29.15, ther. 75'. Wind NW., gradually moderating and sea fallinE. You mll notice from above extracts that there waa very little warn- ing of an approaching hurricane. The sunset sky was the most definite, along with the s W i l falling barometer. There was a total absence of swell not accountel for b wind prevailing, possibly owing to intervening islands and reefs. f ran approximately 80 miles in a WNW. (mag.) direction, before the center of the storm passed, making my position a t that time 15' 1' S., 15s' 26' E. As I could not change the direction of the wind from BE. bv E. (true) and could not increw speed owing to the light condition of the ship. I concluded that the center must pass over me. This I evidently only just avoided. The rapid fall in barometer, the wild vibrating, especial1 from 8 p. m. to 11 p. m.. the sudden changes of wind from SE. by 8. throuGh S. to NW., the dull green atch of sky visible astern for a short time between squalls, seemefto indicate that the ship was ver close to it. While no calm waa experienced, there was just a sensitle easing of wind force between 11:30 and 12
p. m., and a dense black pall seemed to almost touch the mastheads. The S. S. Brilga (Australian Commonwealth Line) experienced this hurricane on 18th in vicinity of Cato Reefs. A cyclonic storm in which the American schooner Helen B. Slerl,ing was lost in 31' 10' 8. and 170' E. on January 33 appears to have been 'the same gale and would indicate with Bulga's position the rate of
progression .
The Italian cruiser Litdu, proceeding from Suva to Sydney, crossed in front of the hurricane on the 17th- 19th. from the 16th to the 21st, the wind held between E. by 8 and SSE., reaching force 10, SE. b S., on the 18th and
mean noon observation was 29.65 inches on the 18th.- F. G. T.
NOTES ON WEATHER IN OTHER PARTS OF THE WORLD.
British Isles.-The rainfall of April was above the aver- age for the period 1881-1915 nearly everywhere in the
British Isles, the only exceptions being in the northwest of Great Britain.' .-A violent snowstorm was experienced at
Rzlssia.-RIGA, A ril 14.-"wenty thousand persons
the damming of the river by the ice jam. * * * Eight villa es were reported under water, and thou-
rescued as ra idly as possible by boats. Army aviators
the congestion of the flood.-Star-Gazette, Elm;ra, N. Y.,
Frunce.-PARIs, April 11 .-Navigation in the Seine through Paris was a t a standstill to-day because of the abnormal rise of the river. Several neighboring munici- alities were flooded, and some of them reported reat
1922. Switzerland-Heavy rains in Switzerland at the begin- ning of the month caused a serious landslide near Le Bouveret (Valais) in the Rhone Valley.' ,4ustruZia.-The dry spell which has been causin anxi-
ety to farmers in some park3 of Australia was %roken toward the end of April by rains in South Australia and New South Wales.' Brazil.-The special message from Brazil states that rainfall was excessive over the northern region, the excess being on the average 180 mm. * * * but 300 to 600 mm. in certain stations. There were destructive floods in Amazonas, Ceara, and Alagoas States.'
Throughout the whole of the voyage, extendin
19th. The lowest barometer recor B ed at any Greenwich
on the 11th.'
are affected by the 1 ood of the Dvina River, caused by
sands of inha % itants clinging to house tops were being
dropped bom i s on the clogged ice, somewhat relieving
Lsses of property and cattle.-Assoeiated Press, Aprz gt 11,
~p r i l 14,1922.
1 The Mlcwolcqicd dfamne, May, 1927..