Comparison of Research Agendas

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(A) NAS

1. Relations between population values and scientific evidence.
2. Ways of comparing values across different environments.
3. Measures of preferences--intensity, consistency, and tenacity.
4. Processes of formulating goals.
5. Methods of resolving incompatibilities between values and goals.
6. Role of future values (discounting).

(B) Jordening and Allwood

1. Estimating benefits and costs of specific pollutants.
2. General-equilibrium economic and hydrologic models of complex intra- and interbasin relationships.
3. Formulating a value measure to aggregate nonmonetary benefits and costs.
4. Improving measures of uncertainty.
5. Quantifying substitution effects.
6. Developing an aggregation framework to calculate regional and national values.
7. Improving intertemporal comparisons and discoupting.

(C) Freeman

1. Large-sample epidemiological studies to establish health dose-response functions.
2. Changes in probability distributions of life expectancy, rather than simple mortality.
3. Regional recreation benefits models.
4. National recreation participation survey linked to supply of opportunities.
5. Cross check CV and travel-cost estimates of same benefits.
6. Expert panel to develop periodic national benefit estimates.
7. Program to gather and analyze data on national value of past regulatory actions.

(D) Crocker

1. General-equilibrium property value models.
2. Household production function models of health effects.
3. Labor productivity studies.
4. Construction of economic indices of environmental quality.
5. Experiments to elicit accurate revelation of preferences.
6. More spphisticated econometric techniques.
7. More sophisticated models of agricultural markets.

(E) Vaupel

1. Improved measures of risk for future effects.
2. Estimates of benefits of past programs.
3. Epidemiological studies of risk factors for various subpopulations.
4. Changes in life expectancy.
5. Perceived v. actual risks.
6. Adaptations to risk.
7. Constraints on exposures v. provision of information on risks.
8. Voluntary v. involuntary risks.
9. Criteria for "acceptable risk."
10. Monetization of risks to life and health.
11. Weighting future effects.
12. Weighting effects for vulnerable or disadvantaged groups.
13. Accounting for large uncertainties.

(F) RFF

1. Estimating better dose-response relations.
2. Risk premiums in market data.
3. Comparison of various estimation techniques.
4. CV applications to visibility, existence values, option value, and anxiety.
5. Use of membership and contributions to environmental groups.
6. Agricultural damages from farm-level cost functions.
7. Human health effects from work place exposure data.
8. Materials damage estimation.
9. Voluntary v. involuntary exposure.
10. Methods of aggregating benefits.
11. Refining the hedonic method.
12. Substitution effects from nonuniform environmental changes.

(G) ELI

1. Experimental studies on chronic morbidity, uncertain health effects, and value of noncommercial species.
2. Differences in perceived and actual risks for both health and environmental effects.
3. Compatibility between risk assessment and benefit analysis, policy analysis and research, and physical damage functions and economic analysis.
4. Need for increased accuracy, rather than precision of estimates.
5. Better integration of physical science and economics.
6. Avoidance behavior.
7. Aggregation problems.
8. Improvements in cost analysis techniques.
9. Including psychological behavior in economic models of pref-erence relevation.
10. Consistency in treatment of uncertainty, baselines, preference assumptions, time horizons, etc.

Comparison of Research Agendas

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