510(K) Information Needed for Hydroxyapatite Coated
Orthopedic Implants
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This guidance was written prior to the February 27, 1997 implementation
of FDA's Good Guidance Practices,
GGP's. It does not create or confer rights for or on any person and does not
operate to bind FDA or the public.
An alternative approach may be used if such approach satisfies the requirements
of the applicable statute,
regulations, or both. This guidance will be updated in the next revision to
include the standard elements of GGP's.
March 10, 1995 (revised 2/20/97)
- the particle size and the particle size distribution of metal and HA powders
used for coating, the average porosity size, the overall pore volume and the
total surface area of the implantable portion of the coated implant;
- scanning electron microscopy pictures of the metal particle- and the HA-coated
implant surfaces as well as the cross-sectioned area of the device including
measurements of the coating thickness and tolerances;
- chemical analysis of HA powders before and after coating, including Ca/P
ratios, elemental analysis, etc. A sufficient number of samples should be
analyzed to produce a statistically meaningful mean and variance;
- bonding strength between HA and titanium alloy or metal with standard deviation
analysis including at least ten samples. The detailed testing protocol and
the methods for sample preparation should be provided;
- the solubility products of HA particles before and after coating (i.e.,
scraped HA particles from coated implant) measured at 37oC. Room
temperature and 100oC measurements are optional. The pH changes
of the solutions should be recorded. The solubility products (Ksp)
should be calculated based on HA, Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2
formulation;
- dissolution rate of HA particles before and after coating (i.e., scraped
particles with controlled particle size and surface area) measured at 37oC
in a pH 7.3, buffered solution. The activation energy and the Arrhenius constant
of the dissolution reaction are optional. The possible pH changes of the solution
should be recorded;
- x-ray diffraction patterns of HA before and after coating and of scraped
HA from coated samples with crystallographic interpretations, including the
identification and the quantitative analysis of each crystalline and amorphous
phase, degree of crystallinity and perfection of HA crystals, preferred orientations,
effect of strain and/or particle size, etc. The analysis should be performed
with a Cu/Ka radiation and scanned from 4o to 60o;
- infrared spectra of HA before and after coating and of scraped HA from coated
samples with detailed molecular interpretations, including band assignments,
perfection of HA crystals, structural water and carbonate, etc.;
- detailed process(es) (i.e., either annealing or solution treatments) for
improving the HA crystallinity and purity after coating;
- detailed, tabulated comparison, including size, geometry, materials used,
surface and bulk properties, processes of coatings, etc. between devices that
your company intends to distribute in the United States and the U.S. legally
marketed devices to which you are claiming to be substantially equivalent.
Updated 7/20/1998
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