OPENLY, IN THE BRIGHT LINE OF SUNSHINE ON A CLOUDLESS DAY. IF
           CHINA IS SERIOUS ABOUT THE PROMISES THAT IT HAS MADE TO THE
           UNITED STATES ON SUBSIDIES, THIS INFORMATION SHOULD EASILY BE
           PROVIDED. THE AMENDMENT ALSO HELPS WITH THE MANY QUESTIONS THAT
           HAVE SURROUNDED THE TRANSPARENCY OF THE W.T.O. RULES IN
           GENERAL. MR. PRESIDENT, LET US NOT PLACE U.S. INDUSTRIES IN THE

           POSITION OF BEING UNFAIRLY INJURED BY CHINESE IMPORTS ILLEGALLY
           SUBSIDIZED. WITHOUT THIS INFORMATION, U.S. INDUSTRIES WILL BE
           REQUIRED TO PAY THE HUGE FEES ASSOCIATED WITH FILING
           ANTI-DUMPING AND COUNTER VEILING DUTY CASES IN ORDER TO PURSUE
           DATA ON ILLEGAL SUBSIDY BEHAVIOR IN CHINA. WE KNOW THAT A
           SIGNIFICANT PORTION OF THE ECONOMY OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF

           CHINA CONSISTS OF STATE-OWNED ENTERPRISES. WE KNOW THAT CHINESE
           ENTERPRISES RECEIVE SIGNIFICANT SUBSIDIES FROM THE CHINESE
           GOVERNMENT. WE KNOW THAT KHIFRNEES STATE-OWNED GOVERNMENT H.
           ENTERPRISES ACCOUNT FOR A SIGNIFICANT PORTION OF EXPORTS FROM
           THE CHINESE GOVERNMENT. THIS IS A MATTER OF FACT, SO I SAY TO
           MY FRIENDS HERE IN THE SENATE, DO NOT FOOL YOURSELVES

           YOURSELVES. STATE-OWNED ENTERPRISES CONTINUE TO BE THE MOST
           SIGNIFICANT EARGS OF EMPLOYMENT IN MOST AREAS IN CHINA AND SOME
           REPORTS SUGGEST THAT THESE SUBSIDIES SDISE ENTERPRISES
           ACCOUNTED FOR AS MUCH AS 65% OF THE JOBS IN MANY AREAS OF CHINA
           IN 199 ARE 5. THE MOST RECENT DATA THAT THE LIBRARY OF CONGRESS
           COULD PROVIDE ON THIS MATTER. THAT'S RIGHT. STATE-OWNED
           ENTERPRISES LIKELY ACCOUNT FOR 65% OF THE JOBS IN MOST AREAS OF

           CHINA. NOW, WHAT KIND OF FUNDS AND OTHER DO STATE-OWNED
           ENTERPRISES IN CHINA RECEIVE FROM THAT GOVERNMENT?
           WE SHOULD KNOW. WE OUGHT TO KNOW. AND SO I ASK THAT OTHER
           SENATORS HELP US TO KNOW BY HELPING US TO FIND OUT THIS
           INFORMATION. AND THEY CAN DO THAT BY VOTING IN SUPPORT OF THIS
           AMENDMENT. I UNDERSTAND THAT CHINA HAS STEPPED UP TO THE PLATE

           AND SIGNED A BILATERAL AGREEMENT WITH THE UNITED STATES THAT
           PROCLAIMS THAT CHINA WILL CEASE THE USE OF SUBSIDIES PROHIBITED
           UNDER THE W.T.O. AGREEMENT ON SUBSIDIES AND COUNTERVEILING
           MEASURES. INCLUDING THOSE SUBSIDIES CONTINGENT UPON EXPORT
           PERFORMANCE AND SUBSIDIES CONTINGENT ON THE USE OF DOMESTIC
           OVER IMPORTED GOODS WHICH ARE STRICTLY PROHIBITED UNDER THE
           S.C.M. BUT GUESS WHAT?

           ON JULY 212,000, JUST A-- --ON JULY 21, 2,000, JUST A FEW WEEKS
           AGO, THE PRESIDENT OF THE EXPORT DAILY WAS QUOTED AS SAYING
           THAT CHINA'S STATE-BACKED FINANCING PLAYED A STRONG ROLE IN THE
           FIRST HALF OF THIS YEAR. CHINA IS SUBSIDIZING ITS PRODUCTS TO
           ENSURE THAT THEY CAN BE EXPORTED INTO FOREIGN MARKETS,
           INCLUDING OUR MARKET. U.S. COMPANIES CANNOT COMPETE WITH SUCH
           SUBSIDIES. ARE SENATORS AWARE THAT CHINA'S MACHINERY AND

           ELECTRONIC EXPORTS GREW BY 42.1% IN THE FIRST HALF OF 2000
           2000, REACHING 4 -- REACHING $47.1 BILLION AND ACCOUNTING FOR A
           LARGE PERCENT OF THE TOTAL EXPORTS. MOREOVER, SINCE HAVING
           SIGNED THE BILATERAL AGREEMENT WITH THE UNITED STATES, CHINA
           HAS EXPRESSED A VIEW THAT IT SHOULD BE INCLUDED IN THE GROUPING
           OF THE POOREST COUNTRIES IN THE W.T.O., THUS EFFECTIVELY

           EXEMPTING CHINA FROM THE DISCIPLINES OF THE W.T.O. SDUBZY--
           --SUBSIDY CODES ALTOGETHER. WE NEED TO SEND CHINA A STRONG
           MESSAGE ABOUT THE USE OF SUBSIDIES. WHEED TO PUT IN PLACE SOME
           DISCLOSURE PROCEDURES THAT IMPROVE TRANPAIRNSY ABOUT THE USE OF
           SUCH SUBSIDIES TO CHINESE INDUSTRIES. NOW, MY COLLEAGUES, SOME
           OF WHOM ARE DEAD SET AGAINST ANY AMENDMENTS TO THIS BILL, ARE

           BOUND TO REFLECT BACK TO THE U.S.-CHINA BILATERAL AGREEMENT AND
           ARGUE THAT THE U.S. TRADE REPRESENTATIVE HAS ALREADY SECURED AN
           AGREEMENT FROM CHINA TO ELIMINATE ALL W.T.O. ILLEGAL SUBSIDIES
           AND THAT THE W.T.O. REQUIRES CERTAIN COMPLIANCE PROCEDURES
           ALREADY. HOWEVER, THE CHINESE GOVERNMENT OVERSEES THE
           TOP-TO-BOTTOM OPERATIONS OF MANY INDUSTRIES SUCH AS IRON AND
           STEEL, COAL MINING, PETROLEUM EXTRACTION AND REFINING AS WELL

           AS THE ELECTRIC POWER UTILITIES, BANKING AND TRANSPORTATION
           SECTOR. THE STAUNCHEST SUPPORTERS OF PASSING PNTR TO CHINA
           ACKNOWLEDGE THAT THE TRADE RULES THAT THE CHINESE HAVE AGREED
           TO WILL LIKELY IN THE SHORT-TERM CAUSE WIDESPREAD EMPLOYMENT.
           IF THE PAST IS AN ACCURATE INDICATOR, THE CHINESE GOVERNMENT
           WILL BE VERY TEMPT TOLTED -- SIMPLY TO IGNORE THE RULES THAT

           THEY HAVE AGREED TO AND TO USE THEIR DOMESTIC STATE-OWNED
           ENTERPRISES AS A JOBS PROGRAM. FORMER SECRETARY OF COMMERCE
           WILLIAM DALEY STATED, AND I QUOTE, "I DO NOT PRETEND TO THINK
           THAT THIS IMPLEMENTATION OF THIS AGREEMENT BY THE CHINESE WILL
           BE EASY FOR THEM THEM." MEANING THE CHINESE. "AND I WOULD
           ASSUME THAT WE WILL HAVE TO IN THE NEXT ADMINISTRATION BE VERY
           AGGRESSIVE IN THEIR ENFORCEMENT OF THE COMMITMENTS THAT HAVE

           BEEN MADE." WELL, LET ME REMIND SENATORS THAT WITHOUT DOUBT
           SUBSIDIES WITH ALL OF OUR TRADING PARTNERS HAVE BEEN DIFFICULT
           ISSUES TO RESOLVE AND NOT ALL SUBSIDIES ARE ACTIONABLE. IN
           FACT, WITH YEARS OF TRADE RELATIONS AND NEGOTIATIONS, THE U.S.
           HAS YET TO REACH A SUBSIDY UNDERSTANDING WITH THE EUROPEAN
           UNION ON AGRICULTURE OR ON SOME INDUSTRIAL SECTORS SUCH AS
           AERONAUTICS. THERE'S NO HARM IN THE EXTRA MEASURE OF PROTECTION

           THAT IS PROVIDED BY MY SUBSIDIES DISCLOSURE AMENDMENT. IT
           PROVIDES TRANSPARENCY AND WILL HELP MANY U.S. INDUSTRIES TO
           MAKE IMPROVED OR EDUCATED DECISIONS. AND SO I URGE MY
           COLLEAGUES TO SUPPORT U.S. STEELWORKERS, U.S. APPLE GROWERS,
           ELECTRONIC PRODUCERS, AND OTHERS AND VOTE FOR THIS AMENDMENT.
           HOW MUCH TIME DO I HAVE REMAINING?
           
           

           THE PRESIDING OFFICER: THE SENATOR HAS 15 MINUTES REMAINING.
           

           MR. BYRD: I THANK THE CHAIR. I YIELD THE FLOOR AND I RESERVE
           THE BALANCE OF THE TIME ON MY AMENDMENT.
           

           THE PRESIDING OFFICER: WHO YIELDS FIME?
           -- --WHO YIELDS TIME?
           THE DISTINGUISHED SENATOR FROM DELAWARE IS RECOGNIZED.
           

           MR. ROTH: MR. PRESIDENT, I RISE IN OPPOSITION TO MY GOOD FRIEND
           FROM WEST VIRGINIA'S AMENDMENT. I DO SO BECAUSE OF MY CONCERN
           ABOUT THE IMPACT THAT AMENDMENTS COULD HAVE ON THIS LEGISLATION
           BUT ALSO BECAUSE OF SUBSTANTIVE CONCERNS I HAVE ABOUT HIS
           PROPOSAL. AND BEFORE I ADDRESS THE MERITS OF HIS AMENDMENT, I
           WANT TO TAKE A FEW MINUTES TO RESPOND TO THE COMMENTS HE MADE

           LAST WEEK REGARDING THE MANNER IN WHICH THIS LEGISLATION IS
           BEING CONSIDERED CONSIDERED. HE'S VERY COLORFULLY -- HE VERY
           COLORFULLY DESCRIBED THIS LEGISLATION AS A GREASE PICK AND
           PROTESTED THAT THE SENATE HAD NOT HAD ADEQUATE TIME TO CONSIDER
           ITS MERITS. I'M SORRY THAT HE FEELS THIS WAY BECAUSE WITH ALL
           THE TIME I'VE SPENT ON THIS LEGISLATION LEGISLATION, AND WITH
           ALL THE TIME I'VE WAITED FOR PNTR TO BE BROUGHT TO THE FLOOR, I

           CAN SAY THIS IS NO GREASE PIG. THIS LEGISLATION HAS BEEN GIVEN
           A FULL AND ADEQUATE HEARING. THE FINANCE COMMITTEE, WHICH I
           CHAIR, HELD THREE HEARINGS ON PNTR THIS YEAR ALONE. AND AT
           THESE HEARINGS WE HEARD FROM A FULL RANGE OF WITNESSES
           WITNESSES, PRO AND CON, WHO DISCUSSED THE SIGNIFICANCE OF THIS
           AGREEMENT, NOT JUST FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF TRADE BUT ALSO FROM

           THE PERSPECTIVES OF FOREIGN POLICY, HUMAN RIGHTS, RIDGE
           FREEDOM, LABOR RIGHTS AND OTHERS. AND WE HAVE ALSO BENEFITED
           FROM THE CAREFUL REVIEWS BY THE CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE
           SERVICE, THE INTERNATIONAL TRADE COMMISSION, AND THE GENERAL
           ACCOUNTING OFFICE, WHICH HAS A TEAM OF ANALYSTS WHO HAVE BEEN
           FOLLOWING THE CHINA NEGOTIATIONS CLOSELY FOR SEVERAL YEARS NOW.

           THE FINANCE COMMITTEE ALSO HELD AN OPEN MARKUP WHERE THE
           COMMITTEE APPROVED PNTR ALL BUT UNANIMOUSLY BY A VOTE OF 19-1.
           AND MY COMMITTEE ALSO CONSIDERED THE HOUSE-PASSED LEGISLATION
           IN EXECUTIVE SESSION, WHERE MY COLLEAGUES AGREED WITH ME AND
           THE DISTINGUISHED RANKING MEMBER, SENATOR MOYNIHAN, THAT WE
           SHOULD SUPPORT THE LEGISLATION AS PASSED. NOW THOSE ACTIONS

           TOGETHER WITH THE HEARING ON PNTR THAT HAVE BEEN CONDUCTED BY
           THE FOREIGN RELATIONS COMMITTEE, THE COMMERCE COMMITTEE, AND
           OTHERS HARDLY CONSTITUTE RUSHED CONSIDERATION OF THIS MOST
           IMPORTANT LEGISLATION. LET US NOT FORGET THIS LEGISLATION HAS
           BEEN ON THE FLOOR FOR CONSIDERATION BY THE FULL SENATE FOR SIX
           DAYS AND WILL LIKELY BE HERE FOR ANOTHER WEEK. AND DRIT WE HAVE

           BEEN IN REGULAR ORDER AND HAVE-- --AND DURING THIS TIME WE HAVE
           BEEN IN REGULAR ORDER AND HAVE WELCOMED ALL AMENDMENTS. I'D BE
           HARD-PRESSED, HARD-PRESSED TO THINK OF ANOTHER PIECE OF RECENT
           LEGISLATION THAT'S RECEIVED MORE TIME, MORE SCRUTINY THAN THIS
           HAS. NOW ALL OF US WHO SUPPORT PNTR UNDERSTAND WELL THAT
           AMENDING THIS BILL WILL THREATEN ITS PASSAGE. OUR OPPONENTS, I

           THINK, UNDERSTAND THIS EVEN BETTER. IN THE END IT'S AN EXERCISE
           OF OUR PREROGATIVE TO VOTE AGAINST AMENDMENTS GIVEN THE THREAT
           THEY POSE TO THE LEGISLATION. I BELIEVE IT'S ENTIRELY
           APPROPRIATE FOR US TO DO SO. AFTER ALL, THERE'S NOTHING THAT
           CAN BE ADDED OR SUBTRACTED FROM THE LEGISLATION THAT WILL
           ENHANCE OUR ACCESS TO THE CHINESE MARKET. THERE'S ALSO NOTHING

           THAT CAN BE ADDED OR SUBTRACTED THAT WILL STRENGTHEN THE
           UNEQUIVOCAL SUPPORT CONTAINED IN THIS LEGISLATION FOR HUMAN
           RIGHTS, LABOR RIGHTS AND THE RULE OF LAW. WITH THAT SAID, LET
           ME TAKE A FEW MINUTES TO DISCUSS MY COLLEAGUE'S AMENDMENT
           REGARDING SUBSIDIES AND ALTHOUGH I UNEQUIVOCALLY SHARE SENATOR
           BYRD'S VIEWS REGARDING THE IMPORTANCE OF COMPLIANCE AND

           REGARDING THE SIGNIFICANCE OF CHINA'S SUBSIDIES COMMITMENT
           COMMITMENT, I MUST STILL OPPOSE HIS PROPOSAL. I DO SO NOT JUST
           BECAUSE OF MY ALREADY STATED CONCERN ABOUT THE AMENDMENT BUT
           ALSO BECAUSE OF THE SUBSTANCE OF THIS AMENDMENT WHICH, IN MY
           VIEW, IS BOTH REDUNDANT AND FLAWED. I WOULD POINT OUT TO MY
           GOOD FRIEND, TO SECTION 1106 OF THE TRADE ACT OF 198(A), THE

           PROVISION ALREADY CONDITIONS THE PRESIDENT'S EXTENSION OF PNTR
           TO CHINA ON A FINDING THAT CHINA'S STATE-OWNED ENTERPRISES ARE
           NOT DISRUPTIVE TO OUR TRADING INTERESTS. AND WHILE I KNOW THAT
           MY
{END: 2000/09/11 TIME: 12-30 , Mon.  106TH SENATE, SECOND SESSION}