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1. Perceptions of Factors Influencing Healthful Food Consumption Behavior in the Lower Mississippi Delta: Focus Group Findings (EJ787483)
Author(s):
McGee, Bernestine B.; Richardson, Valerie; Johnson, Glenda S.; Thornton, Alma; Johnson, Crystal; Yadrick, Kathleen; Ndirangu, Murugi; Goolsby, Susan; Watkins, Debra; Simpson, Pippa M.; Hyman, Edith; Stigger, Flavelia; Bogle, Margaret L.; Kramer, Tim R.; Strickland, Earline; McCabe-Sellers, Beverly
Source:
Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior, v40 n2 p102-109 Mar-Apr 2008
Pub Date:
2008-00-00
Pub Type(s):
Journal Articles; Reports - Research
Peer-Reviewed:
Yes
Descriptors: Focus Groups; Nutrition; Counties; Family Influence; Epistemology; Intervention; Health Behavior; Eating Habits
Abstract: Objective: To identify perceptions of Lower Mississippi Delta (LMD) residents regarding factors that influence a change in healthful food consumption behavior to assist in planning sustainable nutrition interventions in the LMD. Design: Nine focus groups were conducted with LMD residents in 9 counties in Arkansas, Louisiana, and Mississippi. One focus group was held in each county on the topical area of behavioral change. Setting: Nine counties in Arkansas, Louisiana, and Mississippi. Participants: The study population included 91 persons, 85 females and 6 males (18-60+ years of age), of whom 71 were African Americans, 17 were Caucasians, and 3 were Hispanics, who participated in the focus group discussions. Analysis: Data analyses were completed by general and specific content coding. Data were reviewed for emerging themes for each topic. The Social Cognitive Theory served as the framework for understanding the determinants of a change in healthful food consumption behavior. Results: The study showed considerable variability in perceptions that are influenced by both personal and external factors. These factors include health concerns, family influence, and need for and availability of nutrition information. Participants were interested in learning about healthful eating, food preparation skills, and portion control. Conclusions: Focus groups in the LMD identified many important themes relevant to the development of nutrition interventions in these communities. These data will be used to guide the community-based participatory interventions that will be developed and implemented in the LMD. The findings could be applicable to other researchers designing interventions for similar populations. Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract
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2. Ethnicity and Diet of Children: Development of Culturally Sensitive Measures (EJ809484)
Bruss, Mozhdeh B.; Applegate, Brooks; Quitugua, Jackie; Palacios, Rosa T.; Morris, Joseph R.
Health Education & Behavior, v34 n5 p735-747 2007
2007-00-00
Descriptors: Ethnicity; Obesity; Prevention; Quality of Life; Dietetics; Eating Habits; Nutrition; Health Behavior; Cultural Influences; Foreign Countries; Age Differences; Food; Cultural Differences; Health Promotion
Abstract: Obesity is a growing global concern. Examining dietary habits of individuals can facilitate the development of important prevention approaches, which are needed to decrease the incidence of obesity and other related diseases and improve quality of life indices. Because food preferences and dietary habits vary across cultures, it is essential that prevention programs are based on specific populations. Using both ethnographic and quantitative methods, food-consumption patterns were investigated among 1,125 children in the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands. Differences were observed related to food frequency, age of children, and grade level. Exploratory factor analyses suggested that the individual foods were best organized into food-consumption groups that reflected cultural characteristics rather than more commonly referenced food organizational systems. In addition to developmental differences in food consumption patterns, results suggest that the ethnicity of parents may play a role in the diet of children. (Contains 4 tables.) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract
3. A Comparison of Two Methods of Assessing Representation-Mediated Food Aversions Based on Shock or Illness (EJ815870)
Holland, Peter C.
Learning and Motivation, v39 n4 p265-277 Nov 2008
2008-11-00
Journal Articles; Reports - Evaluative
Descriptors: Experimental Psychology; Reinforcement; Food; Diseases; Associative Learning; Conditioning; Fear; Responses
Abstract: In experiments that measured food consumption, Holland (1981; "Learning and Motivation," 12, 1-18) found that food aversions were formed when an exteroceptive associate of food was paired with illness, but not when such an associate was paired with shock. By contrast, measuring the ability of food to reinforce instrumental responding, Ward-Robinson and Hall (1999; "Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology," 52B, 335-350) found that pairing an associatively activated representation of food with shock readily established an aversion to that food. Two experiments considered the origins of these apparently discrepant results. The results did not support either the possibility that instrumental reinforcement power is a more sensitive measure of aversion learning than consumption, or the hypothesis that illness particularly devalues properties of food representations that determine consumption (such as palatability) whereas shock devalues more general properties critical to reinforcement. The results suggested instead that whereas the effects of pairings of a food associate with illness are mediated by changes in the value of the food itself, the effects of pairings with shock are mediated by the conditioning of fear or other competing responses to the site of food delivery, and not by modification of the value of food itself. (Contains 4 figures.) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract
4. College Students' Dietary Practices Affect Lutein/Zeaxanthin Intake: A Two-Generation, Ethnic and Gender Study (EJ816985)
Osaseri, Uyi E.; Kwok, Shiu Y.; Kwok, Wendy; Tam, Chick F.
College Student Journal, v42 n3 p715-729 Sep 2008
2008-09-00
Descriptors: College Students; Food; Eating Habits; Nutrition; Dietetics; Ethnicity; Racial Differences; Gender Differences; Parents; African Americans; Whites; Age Differences; Public Health
Abstract: Lutein and zeaxanthin are important anti-oxidant nutrients obtained only from foods that are essential for good eye health. The purpose of this study was to assess food choices rich in lutein/zeaxanthin and compare the amount of lutein/zeaxanthin intake amongst college students and their live-in parents. Three-day dietary records from 95 undergraduate college students were reviewed and compared with the records of an equal number of their live-in parents. The study included 76 African Americans (AA) (38 young AA, 38 old AA) and 114 Caucasian Americans (57 young Caucasians, 57 old Caucasians). Individuals in this study had an average of 2.5 servings of fruits and vegetables a day. It was calculated that they consumed approximately 2 mg per day of lutein/zeaxanthin from their regular diets. The statistical analyses of ethnic, gender, and age subgroups were performed. There were no statistical differences in food consumption and lutein/zeaxanthin intakes between ethnic, age and gender groups in this study. Both the recommended daily consumption of 5 to 9 servings of fruits/vegetables and the daily intake of 6 mg/day of lutein/zeaxanthin were unmet by all subjects in this study. Great effort in educating the public is therefore needed for eye health. (Contains 4 figures and 6 tables.) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract
5. Human Food Consumption: A Primer on Nonequilibrium Thermodynamics for College Physics (EJ819218)
Zurcher, Ulrich
European Journal of Physics, v29 n6 p1183-1190 Nov 2008
Journal Articles; Reports - Descriptive
Descriptors: Metabolism; Thermodynamics; Ventilation; College Science; Physics; Science Instruction; Food; Energy; Biology; Equations (Mathematics)
Abstract: Students often have great difficulties with applications of the energy principle, especially those from biology, although most introductory physics texts include a brief discussion of metabolism. We point out that many of these discussions are unsatisfactory, since they often fail to mention how biological systems are "thermal systems in stationary nonequilibrium states." This has important implications: in particular, that energy input is in the form of work (i.e., change of potential energy) and that energy outflux is in the form of heat, which is necessary to maintain a stationary state. We focus on some key aspects of metabolism by using a mechanical analogue: energy input is the work done by the gravitational force on an object with mass "m," and heat production is modelled as the energy dissipated by turbulent air flow around the object. (Contains 3 figures and 4 footnotes.) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract
6. Validating the Food Behavior Questions from the Elementary School SPAN Questionnaire (EJ807594)
Thiagarajah, Krisha; Fly, Alyce D.; Hoelscher, Deanna M.; Bai, Yeon; Lo, Kaman; Leone, Angela; Shertzer, Julie A.
Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior, v40 n5 p305-310 Sep-Oct 2008
Descriptors: Elementary School Students; Physical Activities; Nutrition; Questionnaires; Grade 4; Physical Activity Level; Food; Health Behavior; Eating Habits; Student Attitudes; Test Validity; Evaluation Research; Measures (Individuals); Recall (Psychology)
Abstract: Background: The School Physical Activity and Nutrition (SPAN) questionnaire was developed as a surveillance instrument to measure physical activity, nutrition attitudes, and dietary and physical activity behaviors in children and adolescents. The SPAN questionnaire has 2 versions. Objective: This study was conducted to evaluate the validity of food consumption items from the elementary school version of the SPAN questionnaire. Design: Validity was assessed by comparing food items selected on the questionnaire with food items reported from a single 24-hour recall covering the same reference period. Setting: 5 elementary schools in Indiana. Participants: Fourth-grade student volunteers (N = 121) from 5 elementary schools. Main Outcome Measure: Agreement between responses to SPAN questionnaire items and reference values obtained through 24-hour dietary recall. Analysis: The agreement between the questionnaire and the 24-hour recall was measured using Spearman correlation, percentage agreement, and kappa statistic. Results: Correlation between SPAN item responses and recall data ranged from 0.25 (bread and related products) to 0.67 (gravy). The percentage agreement ranged from 26% (bread and related products) to 90% (gravy). The kappa statistic varied from 0.06 (chocolate candy) to 0.60 (beans). Conclusions and implications: Results from this study indicate that the SPAN questionnaire can be administered in the classroom quickly and easily to measure many previous day dietary behaviors of fourth graders. However, questions addressing consumption of "vegetables," "candy," and "snacks" need further investigation. (Contains 1 table.) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract
7. Michelangelo and the Prevention of Childhood Obesity (EJ793020)
Maimon, Martin
Exchange: The Early Childhood Leaders' Magazine Since 1978, n181 p76-78 May-Jun 2008
No
Descriptors: Obesity; Physical Activities; Eating Habits; Physical Activity Level; Life Style; Staff Development; Health Promotion; Food; Nutrition; Educational Environment; Comprehensive School Health Education; Child Health; Early Childhood Education; Teacher Role; Teaching Methods
Abstract: Child care professionals are in a unique position to teach children healthy lifestyle habits. It is not easy, but quality programs are getting it done. One factor that determines the quantity and quality of physical activity in child care settings is the education and training of staff, and learning basic strategies for promoting healthy food consumption and physical activity should be a priority. There are three key strategies for communicating with young children about good nutrition and physical activity: (1) Children need to encounter healthy food and drink choices, as well as appropriate portion sizes; (2) They need to detect and encounter an environment that incorporates structured and unstructured physical activity; and (3) These measures should be reinforced with lessons that explicitly teach about healthy living, created with the aid of community specialists. Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract
8. Social Support for Exercise and Dietary Habits among College Students (EJ820950)
Gruber, Kenneth J.
Adolescence (San Diego): an international quarterly devoted to the physiological, psychological, psychiatric, sociological, and educational aspects of the second decade of human life, v43 n171 p557 Fall 2008
Descriptors: Physical Activities; Females; Eating Habits; Measures (Individuals); Factor Analysis; Social Influences; Males; Dietetics; Social Support Groups; Peer Influence; Gender Differences; Friendship; College Students; African Americans
Abstract: An assessment inventory (the Friend/Peer Support-Health Eating Physical Activity Scale-FPS-HEPAS) was developed to measure social influence patterns of college student physical activity and food consumption habits. Principal components analysis of 50 items with two referent sets (friends and peers) produced two scales with common factors: encouragement to exercise, avoidance of high fat/salty foods, support for dieting and/or exercise to lose weight, and criticism about exercise behavior. The Friend Support scale also included a factor relating to criticism of eating foods high in fat or salt. The Peer Support scale included two subscales relating to exercising together and food intake to gain weight. Overall, females reported receiving greater support for their diet and exercise actions than did males. They reported getting more encouragement to exercise, practice good dietary habits, and watch their weight from friends and peers than did males. Gender differences in terms of composition of friends and peers also were found. Females received significantly higher levels of support for exercise, good dietary habits, weight loss, and higher criticisms about their exercise habits when their peer groups were at least half or mostly all male. By contrast, male students report their highest levels of support when their peers were mostly or all female. (Contains 7 tables.) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract
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9. Fast Food and Body Weight among Adolescents (EJ794198)
Ding, Cody; Parks, Sue
International Electronic Journal of Health Education, v10 p65-77 2007
Descriptors: Obesity; Exercise; Food; Adolescents; Eating Habits; Grade 6; Nutrition; Correlation; Physical Activity Level; Secondary School Students; Parent Influence; Educational Attainment; Ethnicity; Racial Differences; African Americans; Body Composition
Abstract: The objective of this study was to examine (1) the association between consumption of fast food and sweets on overweight among U.S. adolescents; and (2) how consumption of different types of food and physical exercise is associated with parental education and other background variables. The data were based on cross-sectional, national survey study of 15,686 students from grades 6 to 10 (age 10 to 15) in the U.S. Results indicated that after adjusting for covariates, participants with high fast food consumption were statistically significantly associated with overweight. Eating habits and amount of exercise were significantly associated with parental education level and ethnicity, particularly among African-American adolescents. Results of this study also suggest that parental education is an important key factor in keeping adolescents healthy. (Contains 1 footnote and 4 tables.) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract
10. Toward the Reduction of Population Obesity: Macrolevel Environmental Approaches to the Problems of Food, Eating, and Obesity (EJ755866)
Faith, Myles S.; Fontaine, Kevin R.; Baskin, Monica L.; Allison, David B.
Psychological Bulletin, v133 n2 p205-226 Mar 2007
2007-03-00
Information Analyses; Journal Articles; Reports - Evaluative
Descriptors: Obesity; Eating Habits; Public Health; Health Behavior; Food; Nutrition; Taxes; Body Composition; Environmental Influences; Behavior Modification; Public Policy; Models; Intervention
Abstract: The authors reviewed the evidential basis of three environmental approaches to reducing population obesity: What are the effects of (a) taxing or subsidizing foods, (b) manipulating the ease of food access, and (c) restricting access to certain foods? A narrative review evaluated evidence using National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute criteria. There was strong evidence that subsidization influences food purchases, but not necessarily food consumption or body weight. Ease of food access may influence food purchases, and possibly food intake and body weight. Data on restriction were lacking. More studies are needed to justify that altering these macro-environmental variables will necessarily reduce population obesity. A proposed conceptual model posits that the steps through environmental interventions may exert intended and unintended influences on body weight and obesity prevalence. Contemplated policy changes should weigh scientific evidence with social judgments and values concerning changes to the environment. Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract
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