Table C10.3.
Number of Establishments by Usage of Energy-Saving Technologies for
Specific Industries, 1998; |
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Level: National
Data; |
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Row:
Industry-Specific Technologies within Selected NAICS Codes; |
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Column: Usage; |
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Unit: Establishment
Counts. |
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RSE |
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NAICS |
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Row |
|
Code(a) |
Industry-Specific Technology |
In Use(b) |
Not in Use |
Don't Know |
Factors |
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Total United States |
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RSE Column Factors: |
1.3 |
0.5 |
1.5 |
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|
311 |
FOOD |
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|
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|
|
|
Infrared Heating |
762 |
13,727 |
2,064 |
1.8 |
|
|
|
Microwave Drying |
270 |
14,143 |
2,140 |
2.5 |
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|
|
Closed-Cycle Heat
Pump System Used to Recover Heat |
674 |
13,450 |
2,429 |
2.8 |
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|
|
Open-Cycle Heat Pump
System Used to Produce Steam |
199 |
13,809 |
2,544 |
2.8 |
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|
|
Gas-Driven Rotary
Engines and/or Turbines |
283 |
13,969 |
2,299 |
3.9 |
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|
|
Membrane Separation |
406 |
13,943 |
2,204 |
1.8 |
|
|
|
Irradiation |
32 |
14,256 |
2,265 |
3.6 |
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|
Freeze Concentration |
544 |
13,538 |
2,471 |
3.0 |
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|
Membrane
Hyperfiltration to Separate Water from Food Products |
255 |
13,949 |
2,345 |
2.3 |
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|
311221 |
Wet Corn Milling |
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Infrared Heating |
3 |
43 |
3 |
1.0 |
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|
|
Microwave Drying |
0 |
W |
W |
1.1 |
|
|
|
Closed-Cycle Heat
Pump System Used to Recover Heat |
5 |
42 |
3 |
1.0 |
|
|
|
Open-Cycle Heat Pump
System Used to Produce Steam |
W |
42 |
W |
1.0 |
|
|
|
Gas-Driven Rotary
Engines and/or Turbines |
3 |
W |
W |
1.0 |
|
|
|
Membrane Separation |
13 |
27 |
10 |
1.0 |
|
|
|
Irradiation |
0 |
44 |
6 |
1.1 |
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|
|
Freeze Concentration |
0 |
45 |
5 |
1.1 |
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Membrane
Hyperfiltration to Separate Water from Food Products |
5 |
34 |
11 |
1.0 |
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|
312 |
BEVERAGE AND TOBACCO PRODUCTS |
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Infrared Heating |
14 |
1,317 |
145 |
19.0 |
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Microwave Drying |
W |
1,334 |
W |
19.6 |
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Closed-Cycle Heat
Pump System Used to Recover Heat |
269 |
1,059 |
149 |
28.5 |
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Open-Cycle Heat Pump
System Used to Produce Steam |
50 |
1,283 |
142 |
20.5 |
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Gas-Driven Rotary
Engines and/or Turbines |
87 |
1,211 |
177 |
20.5 |
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Membrane Separation |
89 |
1,246 |
141 |
25.1 |
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Irradiation |
8 |
1,322 |
146 |
23.2 |
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Freeze Concentration |
80 |
1,255 |
141 |
22.2 |
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Membrane
Hyperfiltration to Separate Water from Food Products |
9 |
1,326 |
141 |
19.2 |
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|
313 |
TEXTILE MILLS |
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Open-End Spinning |
387 |
2,299 |
249 |
13.1 |
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Water-Jet Weaving |
26 |
2,647 |
260 |
17.7 |
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|
Projectile Weaving |
245 |
2,424 |
267 |
14.7 |
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Wet-on-Wet Dyeing and
Finishing |
534 |
2,132 |
269 |
13.9 |
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Indirect Steam
Heating of Dye |
451 |
2,265 |
219 |
8.8 |
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Dye Bath Reuse |
265 |
2,433 |
238 |
17.3 |
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Foam Dyeing |
82 |
2,613 |
240 |
17.2 |
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Foam Printing |
59 |
2,637 |
240 |
17.3 |
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Foam Finishing |
98 |
2,519 |
318 |
15.2 |
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Low-Add-On Finishing |
230 |
2,402 |
303 |
12.9 |
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Electric Infrared
(EIR)Yarn Drying Prior to Weaving Process |
47 |
2,639 |
249 |
17.3 |
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313210 |
Broadwoven Fabric
Mills |
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Open-End Spinning |
117 |
343 |
13 |
12.2 |
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Water-Jet Weaving |
20 |
441 |
11 |
13.3 |
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Projectile Weaving |
170 |
295 |
8 |
19.8 |
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Wet-on-Wet Dyeing and
Finishing |
85 |
371 |
17 |
13.6 |
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Indirect Steam
Heating of Dye |
75 |
392 |
5 |
12.8 |
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Dye Bath Reuse |
55 |
409 |
9 |
15.6 |
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Foam Dyeing |
W |
453 |
W |
10.3 |
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Foam Printing |
0 |
456 |
17 |
10.9 |
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Foam Finishing |
25 |
438 |
10 |
14.3 |
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Low-Add-On Finishing |
48 |
392 |
33 |
13.9 |
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Electric Infrared
(EIR)Yarn Drying Prior to Weaving Process |
27 |
425 |
20 |
15.7 |
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|
314 |
TEXTILE PRODUCT MILLS |
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Open-End Spinning |
85 |
2,921 |
1,210 |
15.6 |
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Water-Jet Weaving |
0 |
3,012 |
1,204 |
15.6 |
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Projectile Weaving |
11 |
3,001 |
1,204 |
18.0 |
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Wet-on-Wet Dyeing and
Finishing |
63 |
2,973 |
1,180 |
18.3 |
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Indirect Steam
Heating of Dye |
58 |
2,973 |
1,185 |
18.5 |
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Dye Bath Reuse |
45 |
2,956 |
1,215 |
18.9 |
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Foam Dyeing |
12 |
3,028 |
1,176 |
21.2 |
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Foam Printing |
W |
3,037 |
W |
15.9 |
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Foam Finishing |
15 |
3,025 |
1,176 |
16.6 |
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Low-Add-On Finishing |
6 |
2,945 |
1,265 |
13.6 |
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Electric Infrared
(EIR)Yarn Drying Prior to Weaving Process |
0 |
2,977 |
1,239 |
15.6 |
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|
322 |
PAPER |
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Continuous Digesters |
144 |
3,939 |
593 |
7.7 |
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Displacement
Bleaching Process |
49 |
4,044 |
583 |
7.0 |
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Top-Wire (Hybrid)
Paper Forming |
122 |
3,966 |
587 |
5.9 |
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Extended Nip Press |
89 |
3,940 |
646 |
6.8 |
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Higher Nip Pressures |
148 |
3,781 |
747 |
7.0 |
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Extended
Delignification |
50 |
3,995 |
632 |
7.7 |
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Rapid Displacement
Batch Heating Processes |
17 |
4,025 |
634 |
6.2 |
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Multi-Effect
Falling-Film Evaporators for Black Liquor Evaporation/Concentration |
128 |
3,972 |
576 |
6.8 |
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Vapor Recompression
Evaporation of Black Liquor |
35 |
4,009 |
632 |
8.6 |
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|
Waste-Heat Recovery
Technologies in Lime Kilns |
54 |
3,989 |
633 |
7.7 |
|
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High Solids Firing
(Black Liquor) |
98 |
3,950 |
628 |
7.0 |
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Gas Infrared Radiant
Drying Systems |
197 |
3,777 |
701 |
8.2 |
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|
322110 |
Pulp Mills |
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Continuous Digesters |
13 |
22 |
0 |
1.2 |
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Displacement
Bleaching Process |
10 |
W |
W |
1.0 |
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Top-Wire (Hybrid)
Paper Forming |
W |
W |
W |
1.0 |
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Extended Nip Press |
W |
30 |
W |
1.0 |
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Higher Nip Pressures |
4 |
W |
W |
1.0 |
|
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Extended
Delignification |
6 |
25 |
4 |
1.0 |
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Rapid Displacement
Batch Heating Processes |
0 |
W |
W |
1.1 |
|
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Multi-Effect
Falling-Film Evaporators for Black Liquor Evaporation/Concentration |
16 |
19 |
0 |
1.2 |
|
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|
Vapor Recompression
Evaporation of Black Liquor |
W |
W |
0 |
1.2 |
|
|
|
Waste-Heat Recovery
Technologies in Lime Kilns |
4 |
W |
W |
1.0 |
|
|
|
High Solids Firing
(Black Liquor) |
12 |
W |
W |
1.0 |
|
|
|
Gas Infrared Radiant
Drying Systems |
W |
W |
W |
1.0 |
|
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|
322121 |
Paper Mills, except
Newsprint |
|
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Continuous Digesters |
51 |
202 |
4 |
9.6 |
|
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Displacement
Bleaching Process |
25 |
219 |
13 |
8.3 |
|
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|
Top-Wire (Hybrid)
Paper Forming |
58 |
193 |
6 |
7.7 |
|
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Extended Nip Press |
24 |
211 |
23 |
5.8 |
|
|
|
Higher Nip Pressures |
53 |
170 |
34 |
10.5 |
|
|
|
Extended
Delignification |
29 |
215 |
13 |
8.4 |
|
|
|
Rapid Displacement
Batch Heating Processes |
5 |
232 |
20 |
4.3 |
|
|
|
Multi-Effect
Falling-Film Evaporators for Black Liquor Evaporation/Concentration |
61 |
190 |
6 |
9.7 |
|
|
|
Vapor Recompression
Evaporation of Black Liquor |
22 |
217 |
18 |
13.7 |
|
|
|
Waste-Heat Recovery
Technologies in Lime Kilns |
28 |
214 |
15 |
13.4 |
|
|
|
High Solids Firing
(Black Liquor) |
48 |
192 |
17 |
12.5 |
|
|
|
Gas Infrared Radiant
Drying Systems |
76 |
168 |
13 |
15.5 |
|
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|
322122 |
Newsprint Mills |
|
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Continuous Digesters |
W |
W |
0 |
1.2 |
|
|
|
Displacement
Bleaching Process |
5 |
W |
W |
1.0 |
|
|
|
Top-Wire (Hybrid)
Paper Forming |
25 |
4 |
0 |
1.2 |
|
|
|
Extended Nip Press |
6 |
W |
W |
1.0 |
|
|
|
Higher Nip Pressures |
15 |
7 |
7 |
1.0 |
|
|
|
Extended
Delignification |
3 |
22 |
4 |
1.0 |
|
|
|
Rapid Displacement
Batch Heating Processes |
W |
23 |
W |
1.0 |
|
|
|
Multi-Effect
Falling-Film Evaporators for Black Liquor Evaporation/Concentration |
3 |
26 |
0 |
1.2 |
|
|
|
Vapor Recompression
Evaporation of Black Liquor |
0 |
29 |
0 |
2.0 |
|
|
|
Waste-Heat Recovery
Technologies in Lime Kilns |
W |
W |
0 |
1.2 |
|
|
|
High Solids Firing
(Black Liquor) |
3 |
26 |
0 |
1.2 |
|
|
|
Gas Infrared Radiant
Drying Systems |
3 |
26 |
0 |
1.2 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
322130 |
Paperboard Mills |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Continuous Digesters |
59 |
152 |
5 |
15.7 |
|
|
|
Displacement
Bleaching Process |
9 |
204 |
3 |
8.7 |
|
|
|
Top-Wire (Hybrid)
Paper Forming |
35 |
167 |
15 |
12.5 |
|
|
|
Extended Nip Press |
51 |
148 |
17 |
13.3 |
|
|
|
Higher Nip Pressures |
63 |
132 |
21 |
13.6 |
|
|
|
Extended
Delignification |
12 |
184 |
20 |
10.3 |
|
|
|
Rapid Displacement
Batch Heating Processes |
7 |
193 |
15 |
9.2 |
|
|
|
Multi-Effect
Falling-Film Evaporators for Black Liquor Evaporation/Concentration |
42 |
171 |
3 |
6.7 |
|
|
|
Vapor Recompression
Evaporation of Black Liquor |
W |
W |
7 |
5.1 |
|
|
|
Waste-Heat Recovery
Technologies in Lime Kilns |
16 |
196 |
4 |
5.8 |
|
|
|
High Solids Firing
(Black Liquor) |
30 |
183 |
3 |
5.8 |
|
|
|
Gas Infrared Radiant
Drying Systems |
50 |
159 |
8 |
24.0 |
|
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|
|
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|
325 |
CHEMICALS |
|
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Replacing
Electrically Heated Platens in Thermoset Molding Process (c) |
15 |
7,340 |
1,608 |
11.3 |
|
|
|
Recycling Materials
as Alternative Feedstocks (d) |
2,251 |
5,166 |
1,545 |
8.0 |
|
|
|
Using Biomass
Materials as Alternative Feedstocks (e) |
77 |
7,298 |
1,587 |
9.8 |
|
|
|
Bioprocessing (f) |
211 |
7,185 |
1,567 |
7.8 |
|
|
|
Innovative Catalytic
Processing (g) |
119 |
7,471 |
1,372 |
7.5 |
|
|
|
Separations
Processing (h) |
716 |
6,831 |
1,415 |
7.0 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
325110 |
Petrochemicals |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Replacing
Electrically Heated Platens in Thermoset Molding Process (c) |
W |
W |
W |
1.0 |
|
|
|
Recycling Materials
as Alternative Feedstocks (d) |
17 |
27 |
0 |
1.2 |
|
|
|
Using Biomass
Materials as Alternative Feedstocks (e) |
0 |
44 |
0 |
2.0 |
|
|
|
Bioprocessing (f) |
4 |
40 |
0 |
1.2 |
|
|
|
Innovative Catalytic
Processing (g) |
W |
W |
0 |
1.2 |
|
|
|
Separations
Processing (h) |
19 |
W |
W |
1.0 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
325120 |
Industrial Gases |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Replacing
Electrically Heated Platens in Thermoset Molding Process (c) |
0 |
458 |
125 |
10.7 |
|
|
|
Recycling Materials
as Alternative Feedstocks (d) |
55 |
406 |
123 |
14.7 |
|
|
|
Using Biomass
Materials as Alternative Feedstocks (e) |
4 |
521 |
59 |
9.8 |
|
|
|
Bioprocessing (f) |
4 |
521 |
59 |
10.1 |
|
|
|
Innovative Catalytic
Processing (g) |
0 |
559 |
24 |
9.5 |
|
|
|
Separations
Processing (h) |
172 |
381 |
30 |
17.5 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
325181 |
Alkalies and Chlorine |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Replacing
Electrically Heated Platens in Thermoset Molding Process (c) |
0 |
26 |
6 |
1.1 |
|
|
|
Recycling Materials
as Alternative Feedstocks (d) |
17 |
W |
W |
1.0 |
|
|
|
Using Biomass
Materials as Alternative Feedstocks (e) |
0 |
29 |
3 |
1.1 |
|
|
|
Bioprocessing (f) |
W |
28 |
W |
1.0 |
|
|
|
Innovative Catalytic
Processing (g) |
0 |
W |
W |
1.1 |
|
|
|
Separations
Processing (h) |
3 |
29 |
0 |
1.2 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
325188 |
Other Basic Inorganic
Chemicals |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Replacing
Electrically Heated Platens in Thermoset Molding Process (c) |
0 |
465 |
49 |
10.4 |
|
|
|
Recycling Materials
as Alternative Feedstocks (d) |
149 |
318 |
47 |
22.4 |
|
|
|
Using Biomass
Materials as Alternative Feedstocks (e) |
W |
442 |
W |
13.9 |
|
|
|
Bioprocessing (f) |
18 |
442 |
54 |
13.4 |
|
|
|
Innovative Catalytic
Processing (g) |
6 |
451 |
57 |
18.1 |
|
|
|
Separations
Processing (h) |
17 |
456 |
41 |
15.5 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
325192 |
Cyclic Crudes and
Intermediates |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Replacing
Electrically Heated Platens in Thermoset Molding Process (c) |
0 |
48 |
6 |
1.1 |
|
|
|
Recycling Materials
as Alternative Feedstocks (d) |
33 |
18 |
3 |
1.0 |
|
|
|
Using Biomass
Materials as Alternative Feedstocks (e) |
W |
47 |
W |
1.0 |
|
|
|
Bioprocessing (f) |
4 |
45 |
5 |
1.0 |
|
|
|
Innovative Catalytic
Processing (g) |
5 |
46 |
3 |
1.0 |
|
|
|
Separations
Processing (h) |
21 |
29 |
3 |
1.0 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
325199 |
Other Basic Organic
Chemicals |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Replacing
Electrically Heated Platens in Thermoset Molding Process (c) |
0 |
536 |
49 |
9.4 |
|
|
|
Recycling Materials
as Alternative Feedstocks (d) |
294 |
248 |
43 |
14.7 |
|
|
|
Using Biomass
Materials as Alternative Feedstocks (e) |
27 |
515 |
43 |
11.5 |
|
|
|
Bioprocessing (f) |
63 |
469 |
53 |
15.0 |
|
|
|
Innovative Catalytic
Processing (g) |
33 |
522 |
30 |
8.3 |
|
|
|
Separations
Processing (h) |
194 |
357 |
34 |
13.6 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
325211 |
Plastics Materials
and Resins |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Replacing
Electrically Heated Platens in Thermoset Molding Process (c) |
4 |
468 |
95 |
11.5 |
|
|
|
Recycling Materials
as Alternative Feedstocks (d) |
296 |
207 |
65 |
20.0 |
|
|
|
Using Biomass
Materials as Alternative Feedstocks (e) |
0 |
496 |
71 |
14.5 |
|
|
|
Bioprocessing (f) |
20 |
476 |
71 |
13.8 |
|
|
|
Innovative Catalytic
Processing (g) |
32 |
455 |
80 |
13.9 |
|
|
|
Separations
Processing (h) |
73 |
427 |
67 |
16.4 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
325212 |
Synthetic Rubber |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Replacing
Electrically Heated Platens in Thermoset Molding Process (c) |
0 |
75 |
4 |
1.1 |
|
|
|
Recycling Materials
as Alternative Feedstocks (d) |
33 |
42 |
4 |
1.0 |
|
|
|
Using Biomass
Materials as Alternative Feedstocks (e) |
4 |
69 |
6 |
1.0 |
|
|
|
Bioprocessing (f) |
5 |
69 |
5 |
1.0 |
|
|
|
Innovative Catalytic
Processing (g) |
W |
73 |
W |
1.0 |
|
|
|
Separations
Processing (h) |
17 |
55 |
7 |
1.0 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
325222 |
Noncellulosic Organic
Fibers |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Replacing
Electrically Heated Platens in Thermoset Molding Process (c) |
W |
W |
14 |
1.0 |
|
|
|
Recycling Materials
as Alternative Feedstocks (d) |
32 |
41 |
14 |
1.0 |
|
|
|
Using Biomass
Materials as Alternative Feedstocks (e) |
W |
69 |
W |
1.0 |
|
|
|
Bioprocessing (f) |
4 |
66 |
17 |
1.0 |
|
|
|
Innovative Catalytic
Processing (g) |
5 |
68 |
14 |
1.0 |
|
|
|
Separations
Processing (h) |
8 |
63 |
16 |
1.0 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
325311 |
Nitrogenous
Fertilizers |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Replacing
Electrically Heated Platens in Thermoset Molding Process (c) |
0 |
78 |
14 |
1.1 |
|
|
|
Recycling Materials
as Alternative Feedstocks (d) |
35 |
46 |
11 |
1.0 |
|
|
|
Using Biomass
Materials as Alternative Feedstocks (e) |
0 |
75 |
17 |
1.1 |
|
|
|
Bioprocessing (f) |
7 |
68 |
17 |
1.0 |
|
|
|
Innovative Catalytic
Processing (g) |
10 |
67 |
16 |
1.0 |
|
|
|
Separations
Processing (h) |
7 |
71 |
14 |
1.0 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
325312 |
Phosphatic
Fertilizers |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Replacing
Electrically Heated Platens in Thermoset Molding Process (c) |
0 |
W |
W |
1.1 |
|
|
|
Recycling Materials
as Alternative Feedstocks (d) |
17 |
W |
W |
1.0 |
|
|
|
Using Biomass
Materials as Alternative Feedstocks (e) |
0 |
W |
W |
1.1 |
|
|
|
Bioprocessing (f) |
0 |
W |
W |
1.1 |
|
|
|
Innovative Catalytic
Processing (g) |
W |
W |
W |
1.0 |
|
|
|
Separations
Processing (h) |
0 |
W |
W |
1.1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
327 |
NONMETALLIC MINERAL PRODUCTS |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Oxygen-Enriched
Combustion Air |
310 |
8,974 |
2,049 |
10.3 |
|
|
|
Forehearth Designed
for Minimal Energy Use (i) |
184 |
9,122 |
2,026 |
8.5 |
|
|
|
Forehearth Designed
for Improved Temperature Stability (j) |
153 |
9,258 |
1,922 |
8.1 |
|
|
|
Batch Preheaters |
300 |
8,716 |
2,317 |
11.1 |
|
|
|
Advanced Glass
Refiner |
67 |
9,167 |
2,099 |
10.4 |
|
|
|
Oxy-Fuel Firing |
164 |
8,915 |
2,255 |
8.7 |
|
|
|
High-Efficiency
Classifiers in Closed-Circuit Grinding Plants |
179 |
9,077 |
2,076 |
10.6 |
|
|
|
Improved Grinding
Media/Linings, Wear-Resistant Materials (k), Classifying Liners |
588 |
8,846 |
1,899 |
9.3 |
|
|
|
Waste Heat Drying |
450 |
8,942 |
1,941 |
8.8 |
|
|
|
Dry-Suspension
Preheater Kilns |
273 |
8,975 |
2,085 |
11.0 |
|
|
|
Dry-Precalciner Kilns |
280 |
8,860 |
2,193 |
10.5 |
|
|
|
Kiln Combustion
System Improvements (l) |
390 |
8,748 |
2,195 |
9.5 |
|
|
|
Controlled Particle
Size Cement |
222 |
8,684 |
2,427 |
10.6 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3272 |
Glass and Glass
Products |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Oxygen-Enriched
Combustion Air |
185 |
736 |
105 |
28.3 |
|
|
|
Forehearth Designed
for Minimal Energy Use (i) |
121 |
730 |
175 |
25.0 |
|
|
|
Forehearth Designed
for Improved Temperature Stability (j) |
90 |
816 |
119 |
15.3 |
|
|
|
Batch Preheaters |
52 |
798 |
176 |
27.7 |
|
|
|
Advanced Glass
Refiner |
63 |
792 |
172 |
24.6 |
|
|
|
Oxy-Fuel Firing |
92 |
759 |
175 |
25.6 |
|
|
|
High-Efficiency
Classifiers in Closed-Circuit Grinding Plants |
W |
764 |
W |
25.8 |
|
|
|
Improved Grinding
Media/Linings, Wear-Resistant Materials (k), Classifying Liners |
W |
764 |
W |
25.8 |
|
|
|
Waste Heat Drying |
W |
757 |
W |
19.1 |
|
|
|
Dry-Suspension
Preheater Kilns |
119 |
639 |
268 |
28.0 |
|
|
|
Dry-Precalciner Kilns |
W |
596 |
W |
25.9 |
|
|
|
Kiln Combustion
System Improvements (l) |
80 |
607 |
339 |
26.3 |
|
|
|
Controlled Particle
Size Cement |
W |
757 |
W |
19.1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
327310 |
Cements |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Oxygen-Enriched
Combustion Air |
8 |
135 |
51 |
40.9 |
|
|
|
Forehearth Designed
for Minimal Energy Use (i) |
W |
136 |
W |
61.2 |
|
|
|
Forehearth Designed
for Improved Temperature Stability (j) |
W |
136 |
W |
61.2 |
|
|
|
Batch Preheaters |
8 |
135 |
51 |
40.9 |
|
|
|
Advanced Glass
Refiner |
0 |
143 |
51 |
59.2 |
|
|
|
Oxy-Fuel Firing |
12 |
130 |
52 |
45.5 |
|
|
|
High-Efficiency
Classifiers in Closed-Circuit Grinding Plants |
40 |
102 |
52 |
43.6 |
|
|
|
Improved Grinding
Media/Linings, Wear-Resistant Materials (k), Classifying Liners |
76 |
68 |
50 |
21.9 |
|
|
|
Waste Heat Drying |
36 |
104 |
53 |
42.3 |
|
|
|
Dry-Suspension
Preheater Kilns |
31 |
113 |
50 |
40.7 |
|
|
|
Dry-Precalciner Kilns |
22 |
123 |
49 |
38.3 |
|
|
|
Kiln Combustion
System Improvements (l) |
48 |
96 |
50 |
43.1 |
|
|
|
Controlled Particle
Size Cement |
50 |
89 |
55 |
45.8 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
331111 |
PRIMARY METALS - Iron and Steel Mills |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Dry Quenching During
the Coking Process |
4 |
252 |
16 |
16.7 |
|
|
|
External
Desulfurization of the Charge for Ironmaking |
10 |
245 |
17 |
14.9 |
|
|
|
Hydrocarbon Injection
to Maintain Blast Furnace Temperatures |
28 |
226 |
18 |
17.0 |
|
|
|
Direct Reduction
Ironmaking - Sponge Iron Produced Directly from Iron Ore |
5 |
252 |
15 |
16.9 |
|
|
|
Continuous Casting |
117 |
145 |
10 |
27.6 |
|
|
|
Thin Slab/Strip
Casting |
11 |
248 |
13 |
14.3 |
|
|
|
Waste Heat
Boilers/Heat Exchangers in Combination with Reheat Furnaces |
60 |
195 |
18 |
22.2 |
|
|
|
Evaporative Cooling
of Skid Rails |
16 |
235 |
22 |
16.1 |
|
|
|
Electric Induction
Reheat Furnaces |
33 |
226 |
13 |
20.1 |
|
|
|
Hot Charging - Moving
Steel Directly from the Caster to Reheat Furnace |
66 |
196 |
10 |
21.9 |
|
|
|
Direct Rolling
Required No Reheating |
3 |
255 |
13 |
14.5 |
|
|
|
Plasmasmelt Smelting
of Partially Reduced Iron Powder with Pulverized Coal |
0 |
254 |
18 |
11.9 |
|
|
|
Cold Bonding (COBO)
Pelletizing Technique |
0 |
257 |
15 |
9.3 |
|
|
|
Preheating Combustion
Air |
92 |
164 |
16 |
25.2 |
|
|
|
Preheating Raw
Materials |
32 |
227 |
13 |
18.8 |
|
|
|
Top Gas Pressure
Recovery from Blast Furnace |
21 |
237 |
13 |
15.5 |
|
|
|
Slab Heat Recovery |
10 |
246 |
15 |
13.7 |
|
|
|
Continuous Annealing |
44 |
217 |
11 |
20.7 |
|
|
|
Continuous Cold
Rolling |
26 |
235 |
11 |
17.2 |
|
|
|
Bottom Tap Vessels |
74 |
184 |
14 |
23.7 |
|
|
|
Injection Steelmaking |
20 |
229 |
23 |
17.9 |
|
|
|
Electroslag or Vacuum
Arc Remelting |
26 |
228 |
18 |
19.6 |
|
|
|
Oxygen or Coal
Injection to Blast Furnace |
49 |
212 |
11 |
20.4 |
|
|
|
Steel Ladle
Metallurgy with Reheat Furnace |
104 |
157 |
11 |
27.4 |
|
|
|
Oxy-Fuel Firing |
83 |
169 |
21 |
25.6 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(a) The North American Industry
Classification System (NAICS) has replaced |
|
|
|
the
Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) system. |
|
|
|
(b) This count includes only those
establishments that reported this |
|
|
|
industry-specific
technology in use anytime in 1998. |
|
|
|
(c) One possible replacement in the
thermoset molding process is done with |
|
|
|
|
a
gas-fired central thermal fluid system. |
|
|
|
|
(d) 'Recycling Materials' includes
processing residuals as alternative feedstocks. |
|
|
|
(e) Examples of 'Biomass Materials' are
lignocellulosics, food crops, and food wastes. |
|
|
|
Uses
of 'Biomass Materials' include gasification, fast pyrolysis, hydrolysis, and |
|
|
|
fractionation. |
|
|
|
(f) 'Bioprocessing' includes the use of
petroleum, natural gas, coal, other fossil-based |
|
|
|
feedstocks,
and genetically engineered organisms in processes, such as direct microbial, |
|
|
|
immobilized
enzyme, and fermentation. |
|
|
|
(g) 'Innovative Catalysts' are those
with structural or electronic features that allow |
|
|
|
selective
chemical reactions. |
|
|
|
(h) 'Separations Processing' includes
improvements from distillation processing and |
|
|
|
enhancements
from hydrocarbon cracking. |
|
|
|
(i) This type of forehearth is designed
for independently applied heating and cooling |
|
|
|
operations
and minimal energy use. |
|
|
|
(j) This type of forehearth is designed
to eliminate side-to-middle temperature gradients |
|
|
|
with
improved temperature stability. |
|
|
|
(k) Examples are high-chrome alloys. |
|
|
|
(l) Examples are semi-direct/indirect
coal firing, optimal oxygen levels, and |
|
|
|
|
advanced
burners matched to the kiln/cooler design flame control. |
|
|
|
|
NF=No applicable RSE row/column factor. |
|
|
|
|
* Estimate less than 0.5. |
|
|
|
|
W=Withheld to avoid disclosing data for
individual establishments. |
|
|
|
|
Q=Withheld because Relative Standard
Error is greater than 50 percent. |
|
|
|
|
NA=Not available. |
|
|
|
|
Notes:
To obtain the RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the cell's |
|
|
|
corresponding
RSE column and RSE row factors.
Totals may not equal sum of |
|
|
|
components
because of independent rounding. |
|
|
|
Source: Energy Information
Administration, Office of Energy Markets |
|
|
|
and End
Use, Energy Consumption Division, Form EIA-846, '1998 Manufacturing |
|
|
|
Energy
Consumption Survey.' |
|
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