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1. Intervention for Lateral /s/ Using Electropalatography (EPG) Biofeedback and an Intensive Motor Learning Approach: A Case Report (EJ786115)
Author(s):
McAuliffe, Megan J.; Cornwell, Petrea L.
Source:
International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders, v43 n2 p219-229 Mar 2008
Pub Date:
2008-03-00
Pub Type(s):
Journal Articles; Reports - Research
Peer-Reviewed:
Yes
Descriptors: Articulation (Speech); Intervention; Biofeedback; Psychomotor Skills; Acoustics; Speech Impairments; Case Studies; Diagnostic Tests; Human Body; Outcomes of Treatment; Speech Therapy; Visual Aids
Abstract: Background: Visual biofeedback using electropalatography (EPG) has been beneficial in the treatment of some cases of lateral /s/ misarticulation. While EPG intervention is motorically based, studies have not commonly employed a motor learning approach to treatment. Furthermore, treatment success is measured primarily by change to EPG tongue-palate contact patterns and listener ratings conducted by speech-language therapists. Studies have not commonly measured articulatory change without the palate "in-situ" using acoustic analysis and non-professional listeners. Aims: To determine if an intensive treatment programme including both visual biofeedback (EPG) and traditional articulation techniques within a motor learning paradigm would result in functional improvement to /s/ articulation in an 11-year-old girl with persistent lateral misarticulation. Methods & Procedures: Treatment involved 12 sessions of therapist-delivered treatment over 4 weeks followed by a 6-week home programme. Outcomes of the treatment programme were measured primarily using naive listener ratings and acoustic analysis of /s/ spectra. Outcomes & Results: Improvements to both the perceptual and spectral characteristics of /s/ articulation occurred following the treatment programme. Conclusions: The study highlighted the benefit of an intensive approach to intervention incorporating both visual biofeedback and traditional articulation approaches. The inclusion of a 6-week structured home-programme was beneficial and resulted in consolidation of treatment gains. (Contains 3 figures and 1 table.) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract
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2. Acoustic and Perceptual Analysis of Speech Adaptation to an Artificial Palate (EJ778494)
McAuliffe, Megan J.; Robb, Michael P.; Murdoch, Bruce E.
Clinical Linguistics & Phonetics, v21 n11-12 p885-894 Nov 2007
2007-11-00
Journal Articles; Reports - Evaluative
Descriptors: Articulation (Speech); Phonology; Sampling; Acoustics; Assistive Technology; Stimuli; Phonemes; Speech Impairments; Auditory Perception; Undergraduate Students; Speech Language Pathology; Reliability; Phonetic Analysis; Evaluation Methods
Abstract: The study investigated adaptation to a standard electropalatographic (EPG) practise palate in a group of eight adults (mean age = 24 years). The participants read the phrase "a CVC" over four sampling conditions: prior to inserting the palate, immediately following insertion of the palate, 45 minutes after palate insertion, and 3 hours after insertion of the palate. Perceptual and acoustic analyses were conducted on the initial CV portion of the stimuli. Consonants examined included: /t/, /k/, /s/, and /[post-alveolar fricative]/ followed by the /i/, /a/, and /u/ vowels. Results revealed that individuals within the group were able to adapt their speech articulation to compensate for the presence of the artificial palate. Perceptually, mild consonant imprecision was observed upon insertion of the palate; however, this resolved following 45 minutes to 3 hours of adaptation. Acoustic findings indicated that the palate did not affect segment durations or vowel formant frequencies. However, a significant reduction in M1 for /s/ persisted across the sampling periods. Overall, the results suggest that a period of between 45 minutes and 3 hours of adaptation is generally suitable for participation in EPG studies. (Contains 4 tables and 1 figure.) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract
3. Speech Production in Parkinson's Disease: II. Acoustic and Electropalatographic Investigation of Sentence, Word and Segment Durations (EJ729277)
McAuliffe, Megan J.; Ward, Elizabeth C.; Murdoch, Bruce E.
Clinical Linguistics & Phonetics, v20 n1 p19-33 Jan-Feb 2006
2006-00-00
Descriptors: Articulation (Speech); Diseases; Control Groups; Articulation Impairments; Acoustics; Older Adults; Sentence Structure
Abstract: Previous investigations employing electropalatography (EPG) have identified articulatory timing deficits in individuals with acquired dysarthria. However, this technology is yet to be applied to the articulatory timing disturbance present in Parkinson's disease (PD). As a result, the current investigation aimed to use EPG to comprehensively examine the temporal aspects of articulation in a group of nine individuals with PD at sentence, word and segment level. This investigation followed on from a prior study (McAuliffe, Ward and Murdoch) and similarly, aimed to compare the results of the participants with PD to a group of aged (n=7) and young controls (n=8) to determine if ageing contributed to any articulatory timing deficits observed. Participants were required to read aloud the phrase ?I saw a ___ today? with the EPG palate in-situ. Target words included the consonants /l/, /s/ and /t/ in initial position in both the /i/ and /a/ vowel environments. Perceptual investigation of speech rate was conducted in addition to objective measurement of sentence, word and segment duration. Segment durations included the total segment length and duration of the approach, closure/constriction and release phases of EPG consonant production. Results of the present study revealed impaired speech rate, perceptually, in the group with PD. However, this was not confirmed objectively. Electropalatographic investigation of segment durations indicated that, in general, the group with PD demonstrated segment durations consistent with the control groups. Only one significant difference was noted, with the group with PD exhibiting significantly increased duration of the release phase for /la/ when compared to both the control groups. It is, therefore, possible that EPG failed to detect lingual movement impairment as it does not measure the complete tongue movement towards and away from the hard palate. Furthermore, the contribution of individual variation to the present findings should Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract
4. Speech Production in Parkinson's Disease: I. An Electropalatographic Investigation of Tongue-Palate Contact Patterns (EJ729276)
Clinical Linguistics & Phonetics, v20 n1 p1-18 Jan-Feb 2006
Descriptors: Diseases; Control Groups; Older Adults; Articulation (Speech); Comparative Analysis; Phonetics; Language Research; Speech Impairments
Abstract: Previous studies have indicated that consonant imprecision in Parkinson's disease (PD) may result from a reduction in amplitude of lingual movements or articulatory undershoot. While this has been postulated, direct measurement of the tongue's contact with the hard palate during speech production has not been undertaken. Therefore, the present study aimed to use electropalatography (EPG) to determine the exact nature of tongue-palate contact in a group of individuals with PD and consonant imprecision (n=9). Furthermore, the current investigation also aimed to compare the results of the participants with PD to a group of aged (n=7) and young (n=8) control speakers to determine the relative contribution of ageing of the lingual musculature to any articulatory deficits noted. Participants were required to read aloud the phrase "I saw a ___ today" with the artificial palate in-situ. Target words included the consonants /l/, /s/ and /t/ in initial position in both the /i/ and /a/ vowel environments. Phonetic transcription of phoneme productions and description of error types was completed. Furthermore, representative frames of contact were employed to describe the features of tongue-palate contact and to calculate spatial palatal indices. Results of the perceptual investigation revealed that perceived undershooting of articulatory targets distinguished the participant group with PD from the control groups. However, objective EPG assessment indicated that undershooting of the target consonant was not the cause of the perceived articulatory errors. It is, therefore, possible that reduced pressure of tongue contact with the hard palate, sub-lingual deficits or impaired articulatory timing resulted in the perceived undershooting of the target consonants. Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract
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