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Preface PRELUDE, Reading and Writing in College, Arthur W. Biddle and Toby Fulwiler The Way You're Supposed to Read Reading to Understand Reading Critically Reading as a Writer; Writing as a Reader; Lessons from the Pros; Writing for Other Readers; Writing or Ourselves; How to Read This Book. CHAPTER 1, Journal Writing, Toby Fulwiler Assigned Journals Unassigned Journals Writing about Reading Answering Asking Seeing Connection and Extending Rethinking Conversations What Journals Look Like CHAPTER 2, The Story of a Story, Allen Shepherd and Ghita Orth Introduction Responding to the Story Examining the Story Character Plot Point of View Style Setting Symbolism Theme Reseeing the Story Tense Overwriting Paragraphs Responses David Huddle, Summer of the Magic Show Writing about the Story Talking with the Writer Participating in Fiction. An Anthology of Short Stories Louise Erdrich, Fleur Mary Robinson, I Get By Alice Adams, Tide Pools Rolando Hinojosa-Smith, Sometimes It Just Happens That Way; That’s All Gloria Naylor, Etta Mae Johnson Raymond Carver, Cathedral David Quammen, Walking Out Ann Beattie, The Burning House T. Alan Broughton, Duck Season Barry Hannah, Testimony of a Pilot Toni Cade Bambara, Gorilla, My Love Joyce Carol Oates, Where Are You Going, Where Have You Been? Yukio Mishima, Swaddling Clothes, Trans. Ivan Morris Abioseh Nicol, As the Night the Day Mary Lavin, Frail Vessil Jopo Guimarpes Rosa, The Third Bank of the River, Trans. William Grossman John Updike, A Sense of Shelter Gabriel Garcia Marquez, Balthazar’s Marvelous Afternoon Rony V. Diaz, Death in a Sawmill Alberto Moravia, The Secret, Trans. Helene Cantarella Flannery O’Connor, Good Country People Frank O’Connor, First Confession James Baldwin, Sonny’s Blues Langston Hughes, One Friday Morning Eudora Welty, Powerhouse William Faulkner, Barn Burning Zora Neale Hurston, The Gilded Six-Bits Sherwood Anderson, Death in the Woods Ernest Hemingway, Soldier’s Home D.H. Lawrence, The Horse Dealer’s Daughter Katherine Mansfield, The Garden Party James Joyce, Eveline Charlotte Perkins Gilman, The Yellow Wallpaper Ambrose Bierce, An Occurrence at Owl Creek Bridge Anton Chekhov, A Dead Body, Trans. Robert Payne Herman Melville, The Paradise of Bachelors and the Tartarus of Maids Edgar Allan Poe, The Fall of the House of Usher Nathaniel Hawthorne, My Kinsman, Major Molineux David Hilberg (student writer), Mask. On Fiction Eudora Welty, Place in Fiction Flannery O’Connor, The Nature and Aim of Fiction CHAPTER 3, Why Poetry Matters: Singing a New Song, Dancing an Old Dance, Sidney Poger and Tony Magistrale. Introduction Section I; Why Poetry? What Does Poetry Look Like? The Poetry of Song Song as Poetry The Pleasures of the Poem Section II: The Narrative of Poetry Figurative Language Technical Devices Section III: So What Does It All Mean? What a Poem Means: Writing about Poetry Conversation (Poems with Questions) Eloise Klein Healy, Los Angeles Ronald Koertge, Two Men Lisel Mueller, A Voice from Out of the Night Paul Zimmer, Zimmer in Grade School Maya Angelou, Phenomenal Woman Langston Hughes, Freedom’s Plow Gwendolyn Brooks, The Lovers of the Poor Don L. Lee, A poem to complement other poems Meridel LeSueur, The Village David Huddle, Going, 1960-1970 Wanda Coleman, Rape Wallace Stevens, The Emperor of Ice-Cream Companions (Paired Poems with Questions) Thomas Hardy, The Darkling Thrush John Keats, Ode to a Nightingale Emily Dickinson, Because I could not stop for Death Sylvia Plath, Death & Co. Edgar Allan Poe, Eldorado John Keats, La Belle Dame sans Merci George Gordon, Lord Byron, The Destruction of Sennacherib Ogden Nash, Very Like a Whale Andre Marvell, To His Coy Mistress Robert Herrick, To the Virgins, To Make Much of Time Archibald MacLeish, You, Andrew Marvell Wallace Stevens, So-and-So Reclining On Her Couch Tony Magistrale, Vanishing Point Ben Jonson, Still to be neat, still to be dressed Robert Herrick, Delight in Disorder Theodore Roethke, The Waking Dylan Thomas, Do Not Go Gentle into That Good Night William Carlos Williams, This Is Just to Say Kenneth Koch, Variations On a Theme by William Carlos Williams e.e. cummings, raise the shade will youse dearie? Wanda Coleman, Sweet Mama Wanda Tells Fortunes for a Price William Blake, The Sick Rose Robert Burns, A Red, Red Rose Walt Whitman, To a Locomotive in Winter Emily Dickinson, I Like to See It Lap the Miles Thomas Hardy. The Man He Killed Wilfred Owen, Strange Meeting Wole Soyinka, Massacre, October '66 Seamus Heaney, Requiem for the Croppies Chronology of Poems Anonymous, Timor Mortis Anonymous, Western Wind Anonymous, Get Up and Bar the Door William Shakespeare (1564-1616, England): My mistress’ eyes are nothing like the sun; Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day?; Let me not to the marriage of true minds John Donne (1572-1631, England): At the round earth’s imagined corner, blow; Death, be not proud; Batter my heart, three-personed God; Song Ben Johnson (1573-1637, England): On Gut; Epitaph on Salomon Pavy, A Child of Queen Elizabeth’s Chapel; Song: To Celia Robert Herrick (1591-1674, England), Upon Julia’s Clothes Sir John Suckling (1609-1642, England), Out upon It! Anne Bradstreet (1612-1672, Colonial America): Some Verses upon the Burning of Our House;To My Dear and Loving Husband Alexander Pope (1688-1744, England): Engraved on the Collar of a Dog Which I Gave to His Royal Highness Thomas Gray (1716-1771, England), Ode: On the Death of a Favorite Cat, Drowned in a Tub of Goldfishes William Blake (1757-1827, England): The Lamb; The Tyger; London Robert Burns (1759-1796, Scotland), John Anderson, My Jo Amelia Alderson Opie (1769-1853, United States): Song; The Despairing Wanderer Felicia Dorothea Browne (1793-1835, United States): Woman On the Field of Battle; The Dreaming Child; The Last Tree of the Forest William Wordsworth (1770-1850, England): A Slumber Did My Spirit Seal; I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud; The World Is Too Much with Us Samuel Taylor Coleridge (1772-1834, England), Kubla Khan George Gordon, Lord Byron (1788-1824, England), When a Man Hath No Freedom to Fight for at Home Percy Bysshe Shelley (1792-1822, England), Ozymandias John Keats (1795-1821, England): On First Looking into Chapman’s Homer; To Autumn Mary Howitt (1799-1888, United States): Childhood; The Spider and the Fly Elizabeth Barrett Browning (1806-1861, England), How Do I Love Thee? Oliver Wendell Holmes (1809-1894, United States), The Height of the Ridiculous Edgar Allan Poe (1809-1849, United States): Annabel Lee; The Bells Alfred, Lord Tennyson (1809-1892, England): Ulysses; Now Sleeps the Crimson Petal; The Eagle Robert Browning (1812-1889, England): My Last Duchess; Home-Thoughts, from Abroad. Herman Melville (1819-1891, United States), A Utilitarian View of the Monitor’s Fight Walt Whitman (1819-1892, United States): When I Heard the Learn’d Astronomer; Out of the Cradle, Endlessly Rocking; A Noiseless Patient Spider Matthew Arnold (1822-1888, England), Dover Beach Emily Dickinson (1830-1886), United States): A Bird came down the Walk; I heard a Fly buzz; when I died; A narrow Fellow in the Grass; Tell all the Truth but tell it slant Thomas Hardy (1840-1928, England): Ah, Are You Digging on My Grave?; In Church A.E. Houseman (1859-1936, England): Loveliest of Trees; With Rue My Heart Is Laden; Terence, This Is Stupid Stuff; When I Was One-and-Twenty William Butler Yeats (1865-1939, Ireland): The Lake Isle of Innisfree; The Wild Swans at Coole; A Prayer for My Daughter; Lapis Lazuli; The Circus Animals’ Desertion Edwin Arlington Robinson (1869-1935, United States): Richard Cory; Mr. Flood’s Party Walter de la Mare (1873-1956, England): The Listeners; Silver Robert Frost (1874-1963, United States): Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening; The Silken Tent; Design Wallace Stevens (1879-1955, United States): The Snow Man; Anecdote of the Jar; The Motive for Metaphor William Carlos Williams (1883-1963, United States): Danse Russe; At the Ball Game; The Dance; Tract. D.H. Lawrence (1885-1930, England): Piano; Snake Ezra Pound (1885-1972, United States), In a Station of the Metro Robinson Jeffers (1887-1962, United States): To the Stone-Cutters; Hurt Hawks Marianne Moore (1887-1972, United States): Poetry; The Steeple-Jack T.S. Eliot (1888-1965, United States: The Hippopotamus; Preludes; The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock John Crowe Ransom (1888-1974, United States): Bells for John Whiteside’s Daughter; Piazza Piece Claude McKay (1890-1948, United States): The White House; America; The Harlem Dancer; If We Must Die; Baptism Archibald MacLeish (1892-1982, United States): Ars Poetica; Memorial Rain; The End of the World Wilfred Owen (1893-1918, England): Anthem for Doomed Youth; Dulce at Decorem Est e.e. cummings (1894-1962, United States): in Just -- ; next to of course god america I; the Cambridge ladies who live in furnished souls; she being Brand; if everything happens that can’t be done Allen Tate (1899-1979, United States), Ode to the Confederate Dead Hart Crane (1899-1932, United States), from Voyages, II Langston Hughes (1902-1967, United States), I, Too Stevie Smith (1902-1971, England): Not Waving But Drowning; Our Bog is Dood Richard Eberhart (1904- , United States): Long Term Suffering; Reading Room, The New York Public Library Leopold Sedar-Senghor (1906- , Senegal): Visit; New York W.H. Auden (1907-1973, England): As I Walked Out One Evening; O what is that sound which so thrills the ear; Musee des beaux arts; The Shield of Achilles Theodore Roethke (1908-1963, United States): My Papa’s Waltz; Frau Bauman, Frau Schmidt, and Frau Schwartze Stephen Spender (1909- , England), Rough Elizabeth Bishop (1911-1979, United States), The Fish Robert Hayden (1913-1980, United States): Those Winter Sundays; Frederick Douglass Dylan Thomas (1914-1953, Wales), Fern Hill Henry Reed (1914- , England): Naming of Parts; Judging Distances Gwendolyn Brooks (1917- , United States): kitchenette building; the mother; We Real Cool; The Blackstone Rangers Robert Lowell (1917-1977, United States): For the Union Dead; Jonathan Edwards in Western Massachusetts Naomi Replansky (1918- , United States), The Mistress Addresses the Wife Lawrence Ferlinghetti (1919- , United States): Lost Parents; Constantly Risking Absurdity Augostnho Neto (1921-1979, Angola): African Poem; The Grieved Lands Gabriel Okara (1921- , Nigeria): Piano and Drums; Once Upon a Time Philip Larkin (1922-1985, England): Church Going; This Be the Verse; A Study of Reading Habits Howard Moss (1922-1987, United States), The Refrigerator Constance Urdang (1922- , United States), Sage Places Richard Hugo (1923-1982, United States), Landscapes Denise Levertov (1923- , United States), Libation Harvey Shapiro (1924- , United States), Riding Westward Maxine Kumin (1925- , United States), Men at Forty A.R. Ammons (1926- , United States), Corsons Inlet Robert Bly (1926- , United States), from The Teeth Mother Naked at Last W.D. Snodgrass (1926- , United States), A Flat One Allen Ginsberg (1926- , United States): To Aunt Rose; A Supermarket in California Ralph Pomeroy (1926- , United States), Looking at the Empire State Building David Mamdessi Diop (1927-1960, Senegal), The Vultures Galway Kinnell (1927- , United States), from The Dead Shall Be Raised Incorruptible James Wright (1927-1980, United States), Lying in a Hammock at William Duffy’s Farm in Pine Island, Minnesota Keith Wilson (1927- , United States), The Arrival of My Mother Philip Levine (1928- , United States), My Son and I Donald Hall (1928- , United States): Kicking the Leaves; Names of Horses Anne Sexton (1928-1974, United States): All My Pretty Ones; Woman with Girdle John Montague (1929- , Ireland), The Cage Donald Finkel (1929- , United States), They Adrienne Rich (1929- , United States), Aunt Jennifer’s Tigers David Rubadiri (1930- , Malawi), An African Thunderstorm Gary Snyder (1930- , United States), The Bath Robert Winner (1930- , United States), Miss Alderman John Engels (1931- , United States), Vivaldi in Early Fall Etheridge Knight (1931- , United States), The Idea of Ancestry Okot p’Bitek (1931- , Uganda), The Graceful Giraffe Cannot Become a Monkey Antonio Jacinto (1932- , Angola): Monagamba; Poem of Alienation Sylvia Plath (1932-1963, United States), Daddy Felix Mnthali (1933- , Zambia), The Stranglehold of English Lit. Leila Djabali (1933- , Algeria), For My Torturer, Lieutenant D -- , Trans. Anita Barrows Imamu Baraka (1934- , United States)j, Poem for Half White College Students Wole Soyinka (1934- , Nigeria), Telephone Conversation Paul Zimmer (1934- , United States): Zimmer Envying Elephants; What Zimmer Would Be; The Day Zimmer Lost Religion Kofi Awonoor (1935- , Ghana): Song of War; The Weaver Bird; The First Circle Margaret Piercy (1936- , United States), To the Pay Toilet Brendan Kennelly (1936- , Ireland), The Silent Pits Arthur W. Biddle (1936- , United States), Grandfather Ghita Orth (1936- , United States): What Didn’t Happen in Arizona; Secrets of the Rain Forest Ed Ochester (1939- , United States), The Gift Seamus Heaney (1939- , Ireland): Mid-Term Break; Death of a Naturalist; Digging Ronald Koertge (1940- , United States): Orientation Week; Panty Hose; For May Daughter Sharon Olds (1942- , United States), Sex Without Love David Huddle (1942- , United States), Stopping by Home Alta (1942- , United States): I Never Saw a Man in a Negligee; I Don’t Have No Bunny Tail on My Behind; The Art of Enforced Deprivation Ellen Bryant Voigt (1943- , United States), The Lotus Flowers Nikki Giovanni (1943- , United States): My Poem; The True Import of Present Dialogue: Black vs. Negro Jack Mapanje (1945- , Malawi), On Being Asked to Write a Poem for 1979 Wanda Coleman (1945- , United States): Women of My Color; Drone; Doing Battle with the Wolf AI (Florence Ogawa) (1947- , United States), Why Can’t I Leave You? Julia Alvarex (1950- , Dominican Republic): Homecoming; Dusting Greg Delanty (1957- , Ireland), Out of the Ordinary Hadiza Lantana Ampah (1964- , Nigeria), When the Clouds Gather On Poetry William Wordsworth, Preface to "Lyrical Ballads" Robert Frost, The Figure a Poem Makes CHAPTER 4, Reading Script into Play, James R. Howe and William A. Stephany Introduction Conventions of Dramatic Scripts How Conventions Work: The Reader’s Challenge; Writing Assignments Exposition The Structure of a Play: Scenes and Acts The Two Masks: Tragedy and Comedy The Language of Drama Imagery; A Retrospective View of the Model Readings Do It Yourself; Writing about Drama An Anthology of Plays Questions about Drama The Greek Theater Sophocles, Oedipus Rex; Trans. Dudley Fitts and Robert Fitzgerald Aristophanes, Lysistrata, Trans. Dudley Fitts Shakespeare and His Theater William Shakespeare, Hamlet, Edited, with notes, by G.B. Harrison William Shakespeare, Othello, Edited, with notes by G.B. Harrison Modern Drama Henrik Ibsen, the Wild Duck, Trans. Otto Reinert Berthold Brecht, Mother Courage and Her Children, Trans. Eric Bentley Tennessee Williams, The Glass Menagerie Lorraine Hansberry, A Raisin in the Sun Brian Friel, Philadelphia, Here I Come! Tom Stoppard, Rosencrantz and Guildenstern Are Dead Jack Richardson, Gallows Humor Marsh Norman, Third and Oak Charles Fuller, A Soldier’s Play Caryl Churchill, Vinegar Tom On Drama Aristotle, Poetics (excerpts), Trans. S.H. Butcher Suzanne Langer, "The Comic Rhythm" (excerpts) CHAPTER 5, Voices in the Essay, Mary Jane Dickerson and Richard Sweterlitsch Introduction What Is An Essay?; Conversation with the Self Conversations with Others Voices that Shape the Essay Voices of Meditation; Voices of Response Voices of Dissent Voices of Explanation Voices of Storytelling Other Voices Reading Essays/Writing About Essays E.B. White, Death of a Pig Alice Walker, In Search of Our Mothers’ Gardens Carol Bly, Growing Up Expressive Barry Newman, Fisherman Guillermo Gomez-Pena, Documented/Undocumented, Trans. Ruben Martinez On Becoming an Essayist Works Cited Further Readings Francis Bacon, Of Marriage and Single Life Jonathon Swift, A Modest Proposal John Clare, The Natural World Samuel L. Clemens, Advice to Youth John Muir, A Wind-Storm in the Forests Virginia Woolf, How Should One Read a Book? George Orwell, Shooting an Elephant Randall Jarrell, The Other Frost Martin Luther King, Jr., Letter from Birmingham Jail Annie Dillard, Sight Into Insight Joan Didion, Why I Write Maureen Turley, Women’s Studies: My Right to an Education James Seilsopour, I forgot the Words to the National Anthem Michelle Cliff, If I Could Write This in Fire, I Would Write This in Fire Joyce Carol Oates, On Boxing Donald Hall, Winter William Manchester, Okinawa: The Bloodiest Battle of All Charles Simic, Reading Philosophy at Night On The Essay Virginia Wolf, The Modern Essay Elizabeth Harwick, Its Only Defense: Intelligence and Sparkle Phillip Lopate, The Essay Lives- in Disguise CHAPTER 6: Writing Critical Essays, Robyn Warhol What Critical Essays Do The Descriptive Critical Essay The Evaluative Critical Essay The Interpretive Critical Essay Getting Started Make Connections "So What?" Create a Thesis Organize the Essay Conventions of Writing on Literary Topics Verb Tense Quotations Documentation and Use of Sources Why Are You Writing a Critical Essay? Works Cited CHAPTER 7: Writing Personal Essays, Mary Jane Dickerson Personal Essays Autobiography. Conversation Exploration Engaging the Creative Process Open-Ended Works Cited CHAPTER 8: Imaginative Writing and Risk Taking, William A. Stephany "Rules" for Risk Taking Careful Reading Voice Revision Creative Choices Imitation Form Parodies Imitation of Modern Literary or Cultural Forms Rewriting the Text Rewriting the Ending Creating Dialogues Some Final Examples The Experimental Tradition CHAPTER 9: Examining the Essay Examination, Tony Magistrale Writing under Pressure Preliminary Steps and Some Practical Advice Types of Information Requests Planning Structuring Essay Answers Preparation for a Timed Essay Examination The Take-Home Examination Using Class Notes and Journals Revising and Editing Preparation for a Take-Home Essay Examination Beginning at the End: In Memory of Bells CHAPTER 10: Writing Research, Richard Sweterlitsch Getting Started Finding an Overview Following Leads Field Research and Interviewing Using the Library Documentation Citations Footnotes Works Cited Works Cited Glossary Acknowledgments Index