ELECTRONIC "EAR" HELPS NOAA SCIENTISTS HEAR SOUNDS OF THE SEA August 24, 2001 Casual observers often imagine that the depths of the ocean are dark, still, and quiet, but those who work in and with the ocean know that there is a lot going on under the surface. (Click NOAA image for larger view.) "There are a lot of things making noise down there," said Christopher Fox, director of the Acoustic Monitoring Project from NOAA's Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory in Seattle. "In addition to the rumblings of the earth, there are sounds made by whales, dolphins, and fish." Fox will head a project to
install underwater hydrophoneselectronic "ears"that
will hear these noises and send them back for researchers to
study. The first hydrophone will be installed Sept. 1 on a submarine
cable at Pioneer Seamount off the California coast and will soon
be sending back digital data that will be made available to the
public via the Internet as part of a Sound in the Sea project. The ocean's unique properties allow sound to propagateor travelover great distances with very little signal loss. Ice breaking up and "calving" or separating from the main ice sheet or glacier in Antarctica or Greenland can be heard by a hydrophone many miles away. Some ambient noise includes wind, precipitation, surface waves, and lightning strikes. Fox notes that natural phenomena are not the only source of sound in the sea. Since the Industrial Revolution of the 1850s, humans have been producing increasingly significant amounts of ocean noise from steam ships to today's supertankers and container ships. "NOAA's
Sound in the Sea project is the beginning of a larger effort
by the scientific community to expand our ability to study underwater
acoustics on a global basis and to explore the sources of sound
and their potential impact on marine life," Fox said. "While this will be a valuable tool to help us identify and analyze many of the sounds in the ocean, there will still be many sounds that remain mysteries," Fox said. "One example is the bloop,' a sound that has been reported for decades by Navy sonar men, but whose origin has still not been determined." Relevant Web Sites
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