Table of contents for States of denial : knowing about atrocities and suffering / Stanley Cohen.


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1  The Elementary Forms of Denial                      1
Psychological status: conscious or unconscious?     3
Content: literal, interpretive or implicatory?      7
Organization: personal, cultural or official?       9
Time: historical or contemporary?                  12
Agent: victim, perpetrator or observer?            14
Space and place: your own or elsewhere?            18
2  Knowing and Not-Knowing: The
Psychology of Denial                             21
Everyday denial                                    21
The psychoanalysis of denial                       25
Lies and self-deception                            37
Cognitive errors                                   42
3  Denial at Work: Mechanisms and
Rhetorical Devices                               51
Normalization                                      51
Defence mechanisms and cognitive errors            52
Accounts and rhetorical devices                    58
Collusion and cover-up                             64
Everyday bystanders                                68
4  Accounting for Atrocities: Perpetrators
and Officials                                    76
Perpetrators: accounts as denials                  77
The discourse of official denial                  101
5  Blocking out the Past: Personal Memories,
Public Histories                             117
Prelude: repression                            118
Personal memories, personal past               120
Personal denials, public histories             124
Collective denials, public histories           132
6  Bystander States                               140
Prologue: 'It can't happen to us'              140
Internal bystanders                            142
External audiences                             160
7  Images of Suffering                            168
Appeasing the media beast                      168
Representation and the starving African child  178
Enlightenment fatigue                          185
8  Appeals: Outrage into Action                   196
Appeal narrative                               197
Issues                                         202
9  Digging up Graves, Opening up Wounds:
Acknowledging the Past                       222
Modes of acknowledgement                       227
Acknowledgement and social control             240
Over-acknowledgement                           244
10  Acknowledgement Now                            249
The meanings of acknowledgement                251
Telling the truth                              255
Intervention: pro-social behaviour and altruism  261
Creating more acknowledgement                  266
11  Towards Cultures of Denial?                    278
Intellectual denial                            280
More or less denial?                           287
The photo never lies                           296



Library of Congress subject headings for this publication: Defense mechanisms (Psychology)Denial (Psychology)Suffering Social aspects, Atrocities, Human rights, Violence