References:

Why This Booklet?

Center to Protect Workers' Rights [2002]. Construction Chart Book, 2nd edition. Silver Spring, MD: CPWR. [www.cdc.gov/elcosh/docs/d0100/d000038/sect41.html]. Date accessed: July 2006.

Cook TM, Rosecrance JC, Zimmerman CL [1996]. The University of Iowa construction survey. Washington, DC: Center to Protect Workers' Rights, Report No. E1-96.

Schneider S [1995]. Ergonomics. Implement Ergonomic Interventions in Construction. Applied Occupational and Environmental Hygiene 10:822-824.

Oh, My Aching Body!

Cook TM, Rosecrance JC, Zimmerman CL [1996]. The University of Iowa construction survey. Washington, DC: Center to Protect Workers' Rights, Report No. E1-96.

NIOSH [2006]. Proceedings of a meeting to explore the use of ergonomic interventions for the mechanical and electrical trades. Cincinnati, OH: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, DHHS (NIOSH) Publication No. 2006-119.

Silverstein B, Kalat J [1998]. Work-related disorders of the back and upper extremity in Washington State, 1989-1996. Olympia, WA: SHARP Program, Washington State Department of Labor and Industries, TR 40-1-1997.

Simple Solutions for Floor and Ground-Level Work - Introduction

Haslegrave CM, Tracy MF, Corlett EN [1997]. Strength capability while kneeling. Ergonomics 40(12):1363-1379.

Kirkesov-Jensen L, Eenberg E [1996]. Occupation as a risk factor for knee disorders. Scandinavian Journal of Work Environment and Health 22:165-175.

Maher CG [2000]. A systematic review of workplace interventions to prevent low back pain. Australian Journal of Physiotherapy 46:259-269.

Manninen P, Heliövaara M, Riihimäki S [2002]. Physical workload and the risk of severe knee osteoarthritis. Scandinavian Journal of Work Environment and Health 29(1):25-32.

National Research Council and Institute of Medicine (NRC/IOM) [2001]. Musculoskeletal disorders and the workplace. Washington, DC: National Academy Press.

Pope MH, Koh KL, Magnusson ML [2002]. Spine ergonomics. Annual Review of Biomedical Engineering 48:49-68.

Ritz B, Brunnholzl K [1988]. Knee-joint lesions of pipe-fitters and welders employed by the public water and gas works. In: Hogstedt C, Rueterwall C (eds.), Progress in occupational epidemiology.

Proceedings of the Sixth International Symposium on Epidemiology in Occupational Health in Stockholm, Sweden, 16-19 August 1988. Amsterdam: Elsevier Science Publishers B.V., pp.227-230.

Seidler A, Bolm-Audorff U, Heiskel H, Henkel N, Roth-Küver B, Kaiser U, Bickeböller R, Willingstorfer WJ, Beck W, Elsner G [2001]. The role of cumulative physical work load in lumbar spine disease: risk factors for lumbar osteochondrosis and spondylosis associated with chronic complaints. Occupational and Environmental Medicine 58:735-746.

Solomonow M, Baratta RV, Banks A, Freudenberger C, Zhou BH [2003]. Flexion-relaxation response to static lumbar flexion in males and females. Clinical Biomechanics 18:273-279.

Tip Sheet #1. Fastening Tools that Reduce Stooping

Bernold LE, Lorenc SJ, Davis ML [2001]. Technological intervention to eliminate back injury risks for nailing. Journal of Construction Engineering and Management 127(3):245-250.

Hess JA, Kincl L, Albers J [2006]. Evaluation of a tool extension to reduce low back injury in carpenters. Proceedings of the International Ergonomics Association 2006 Congress, The Netherlands, July 10-14, 2006.

Tip Sheet #2. Motorized Concrete Screeds

Albers J, Russell S, Stewart K [2004]. Concrete leveling techniques: A comparative ergonomics assessment. Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 48th Annual Meeting, New Orleans, LA, September 20-24, 2004.

Goldsheyder D, Weiner SS, Nordin M, Hiebert R [2004]. Musculoskeletal symptom survey among cement and concrete workers. Work 23(2):111-121.

Tip Sheet #3. Rebar-Tying Tools

Albers JT, Hudock SD [2007]. Biomechanical assessment of three rebar tying techniques. International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics 13(3):279-289.

Albers J, Hudock S, Kong YK [2005]. NIOSH Health Hazard Evaluation Report, Genesis Steel Services, Inc. Cincinnati, OH: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, HETA 2003-0146-2976. [http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/hhe/reports/pdfs/2003-0146-2976.pdf]

Dababneh AJ, Waters TR [2000]. Ergonomics of rebar tying. Applied Occupational and Environmental Hygiene 15(10):721-727.

Forde M [2002]. Reinforcing ironwork: PATH (posture, activity, tools, handling) analysis. Lowell, MA: Construction Occupational Health Program, Department of Work Environment, University of Massachusetts Lowell. Technical Report T-61. [www.uml.edu/Dept/WE/COHP]. Date accessed: December 2004.

Vi P [2003]. Reducing risk of musculoskeletal disorders through the use of rebar-tying machines. Applied Occupational and Environmental Hygiene 18(9):649-654.

Vi P [2005]. Promoting early return to pre-injury job using a rebar-tying machine. Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene 2:D34-D37.

Tip Sheet #4. Kneeling Creepers

Jensen LK, Mikkelsen S, Loft IP, Eenberg W [2000]. Work-related knee disorders in floor layers and carpenters. Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 42(8):835-842.

Kivimäki J, Riihimäki H, Hänninen K [1992]. Knee disorders in carpet and floor layers and painters. Scandinavian Journal of Work Environment and Health 18:310-316.

Tip Sheet #5. Adjustable Scaffolding for Masonry Work

Breithaupt J [2005]. A scaffold by any other name. Masonry 44(4).

Breithaupt J [2005]. Saving the day ... Each and every day. Masonry 43(3).

de Jong AM, Vink P, De Kroon JC [2003]. Reasons for adopting technological innovations reducing physical workload in bricklaying. Ergonomics 46(11):1091-1108.

Entzel P, Albers JT, Welch L [2007]. Ergonomic best practices for masonry construction. Applied Ergonomics 38 (2007): 557-566.

Fletcher LT [1973]. Masonry productivity (Thesis). Austin, TX: University of Texas at Austin, College of Engineering, Center for Building Research.

Gilbreth, FB [1909]. Bricklaying systems. New York: Myron Clark.

Jorgensen K, Jensen BR, Kato M [1991]. Fatigue development in the lumbar paravertebral muscles of bricklayers during the working day. International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics 8:237-245.

Luttmann A, Jager M, Laurig W [1996]. Task analysis and electromyography for bricklaying at different wall heights. International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics 8:247-260.

Sak E [2003]. Adjustable scaffolding safety benefits. Masonry Construction Magazine 42(7).

Suprenant BA [1990]. Tower scaffolding increases productivity 20%. Masonry Construction Magazine 34(7):20-23.

University of Texas, Austin [1974]. Findings of masonry productivity research. Austin, TX: Contract H-1470, U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development.

Urlings IJM, Wortel E [1991]. Implementation of an ergonomically improved adjustable height platform in the Dutch building and construction industry. Proceedings of the 11th Triennial Congress of the International Ergonomics Association, France, 2006.

van der Molen HF, Grouwstra1 R, Kuijer P, Sluiter JK, Frings-Dresen MHW [2004]. Efficacy of adjusting working height and mechanizing of transport on physical work demands and local discomfort in construction work. Ergonomics 47(7):772-783.

Vink P, Koningsveld EAP [1990]. Bricklaying: a step by step approach to better work. Ergonomics 33(3):349-352.

Simple Solutions for Overhead Work - Introduction

National Research Council and Institute of Medicine (NRC/IOM) [2001]. Musculoskeletal disorders and the workplace. Washington, DC: National Academy Press.

Welch LS, Hunting KL, Kellogg J [1995]. Work-related musculoskeletal symptoms among sheet metal workers. American Journal of Industrial Medicine 27(6):783-791.

Tip Sheet #6. Bit Extension Shafts for Drills and Screw Guns

Anton D, Shibley LD, Fethkes NB, Hess J, Cook TM, Rosecrance J [2001]. The effect of overhead drilling position on shoulder moment and electromyography. Ergonomics 44(5):489-501.

Tip Sheet #7. Extension Poles for Powder-Actuated Tools

Wos H, Lindberg J, Jakus R, Norlander S [1992]. Evaluation of impact loading in overhead work using a bolt pistol support. Ergonomics 35(9):1069-1079.

Tip Sheet #8. Spring-Assisted Drywall Finishing Tools

Pan CS, Chiou SS, Hsiao H, Becker P, Akladios M [2000]. Assessment of perceived traumatic injury hazards during drywall taping and sanding. International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics 25:621-631.

Washington State Department of Labor and Industries [2002]. Wallboard: ergonomics demonstration project. [www.lni.wa.gov/wisha/ergo/demofnl/wallboard_fnl.pdf]. Date accessed: September 2005.

Tip Sheet #9. Pneumatic Drywall Finishing Systems

Construction Safety Association of Ontario [2004]. Ergonomic and hygiene interventions to improve the health and safety of drywall finishing workers.[www.wsib.on.ca/wsib/wsibsite.nsf/public/researchergonomichygienedrywallworkers]. Date accessed: September 2005.

Pan CS, Chiou SS, Hsiao H, Becker P, Akladios M [2000]. Assessment of perceived traumatic injury hazards during drywall taping and sanding. International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics 25:621-631.

Washington State Department of Labor and Industries [2002]. Wallboard: ergonomics demonstration project. [www.lni.wa.gov/wisha/ergo/demofnl/wallboard_fnl.pdf]. Date accessed: September 2005.

Simple Solutions for Lifting, Holding, and Handling Materials - Introduction

Dempsey PG, Hashemi L [1999]. Analysis of workers' compensation claims associated with manual materials handling. Ergonomics 42(1):183-195.

Gallagher S, Hamrick CA, Cornelius KM, Redfern MS [2001]. The effects of restricted workspace on lumbar spine loading. Occupational Ergonomics 2(4):201-213.

Hess J, Hecker S [2003]. Stretching at work for injury prevention: Issues, evidence, and recommendations. Applied Occupational and Environmental Hygiene 18(5):331-338.

Holmström EB, Lindell J, Moritz U [1992]. Low back and neck/shoulder pain in construction workers: Occupational workload and psychosocial risk factors. Part 2: Relationship to neck and shoulder pain. Spine 17(6):672-677.

Latza U, Pfahlberg A, Gefeller O [2002]. Impact of repetitive manual materials handling and psychosocial work factors on the future prevalence of chronic low-back pain among construction workers. Scandinavian Journal of Work Environment and Health 28(5):314-323.

National Research Council and Institute of Medicine (NRC/IOM) [2001]. Musculoskeletal disorders and the workplace. Washington, DC: National Academy Press.

NIOSH [1994]. Applications manual for the revised NIOSH lifting equation. Cincinnati, OH: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, DHHS (NIOSH) Publication No. 94-110.

Pope MH, Koh KL, Magnusson ML [2002]. Spine ergonomics. Annual Review of Biomedical Engineering 48:49-68.

Waters TR, Putz-Anderson V, Garg A [1993]. Revised NIOSH equation for the design and evaluation of manual lifting tasks. Ergonomics 36(7):749-776.

Tip Sheet #10. Lightweight Concrete Block

Anton D, Rosecrance JC, Gerr F, Merlino LA, Cook TM [2005]. Effect of concrete block weight and wall height on electromyographic activity and heart rate of masons. Ergonomics 48(10):1314-1330.

Brouwer J, Bulthuis BM, Begemann-Meijer M [1991]. The workload of gypsum bricklayers: the effect of lowering the mass and reducing the size of a gypsum brick. In: Queinnec Y, Daniellou F (eds.), Designing for everyone: Proceedings of the Eleventh Congress of the International Ergonomics Association. London: Taylor and Francis.

de Looze MP, Visser B, Houting I, van Rooy MA, van Dieen JH, Toussaint HM [1996]. Weight and frequency effect on spinal loading in a bricklaying task. Journal of Biomechanics 29(11):1425-1433.
Entzel P, Albers JT, Welch L [2007]. Ergonomic best practices for masonry construction. Applied Ergonomics 38 (2007): 557-566.

Expanded Shale and Clay Institute. High performance concrete masonry: Information Sheet 3650.4 for mason contractors. [www.smartwall-systems.org]. Date accessed: February 2006.

Lochonic L [2003]. Lightweight CMU: A weight off our shoulders. Livonia, MI: Masonry Institute of Michigan, The Story Pole, 34(4). [www.escsi.org]. Date accessed: October 2005.

Zellers K, Simonton K [1997]. An optimized lighter-weight concrete masonry unit: Biomechanical and physiological effects on masons. Olympia, WA: SHARP Program, Washington State Department of Labor and Industries.

Tip Sheet #11. Pre-Blended Mortar and Grout Bulk Delivery Systems

Entzel P, Albers JT, Welch L [2007]. Ergonomic best practices for masonry construction. Applied Ergonomics 38 (2007): 557-566.

Goldsheyder D, Nordin M, Weiner SS, Hiebert R [2002]. Musculoskeletal symptom survey among mason tenders. American Journal of Industrial Medicine 42(5):384-396.

Schierhorn C [1996]. Dispensing preblended mortar into conventional mixers. The Aberdeen Group, Masonry Construction, Publication #M960369. [ftp://imgs.ebuild.com/woc/M960369.pdf]. Date accessed: August 2005.

Tip Sheet #12. Skid Plates to Move Concrete-Filled Hoses

Ahn K, Paquet VL, Buchholz B [2000]. Ergonomic assessment of the concrete pouring operation during highway construction. 128th Annual Meeting of American Public Health Association, Boston, MA. [apha.confex.com/apha/128am/techprogram/paper_13287.htm]. Date accessed: September 2005.

Hess JA, Hecker S, Weinstein M, Lunger M [2004]. A participatory ergonomics intervention to reduce risk factors for low-back disorders in concrete laborers. Applied Ergonomics 35(5):427-441.

Occupational and Industrial Orthopaedic Center [2003]. Ergonomics working for cement and concrete construction laborers. [www.lhsfna.org]. Date accessed: September 2005.

Tip Sheet #13. Vacuum Lifters for Windows and Sheet Materials

Schwind GF [1994]. The ergonomics of below-the-hook lifters. Material Handling Engineering 49(4):77-81.

Simple Solutions for Hand-Intensive Work - Introduction

Chao A, Kumar AI,. Emery C, Nagaajaao K, You H [2000]. An ergonomic evaluation of Cleco pliers. Proceedings of the IEA 2000/HFES 2000 Congress, USA, July 29 - August 4, 2000.

Keyserling WM [2000]. Workplace risk factors and occupational musculoskeletal disorders. Part 2: A review of biomechanical and psychophysical research on risk factors associated with upper extremity disorders. American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal 61(2):231-243.

Marras WS, Schoenmarklin RW [1993]. Wrist motions in industry. Ergonomics 36(4):342-351.
National Research Council and Institute of Medicine (NRC/IOM) [2001]. Musculoskeletal disorders and the workplace. Washington, DC: National Academy Press.

NIOSH [1997]. Musculoskeletal disorders and workplace factors, 2nd edition. Cincinnati, OH: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, DHHS (NIOSH) Publication No. 97-141.

Rosecrance JC, Cook TM, Anton DC, Merlino LA [2002]. Carpal tunnel syndrome among apprentice construction workers. American Journal of Industrial Medicine 42(2):107-116.

Schoenmarklin RW, Marras WS, Leurgans SE [1994]. Industrial wrist motions and risk of cumulative trauma disorders in industry. Ergonomics 37(9):1449-1459.

Welch LS, Hunting KL, Kellogg J [1995]. Work-related musculoskeletal symptoms among sheet metal workers. American Journal of Industrial Medicine 27(6):783-791.

Tip Sheet #14. Ergonomic Hand Tools

Adapted from the booklet Easy Ergonomics: A Guide to Selecting Non-Powered Hand Tools (2004), a joint publication of the California Dept. of Occupational Safety and Health (Cal/OSHA) and NIOSH. Cincinnati, OH: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, DHHS (NIOSH) Publication No.2004-164. Other sources include:

Anton D, Cook TM, Rosecrance JC, Merlino LA [2003]. Method for quantitatively assessing physical risk factors during variable noncyclic work. Scandinavian Journal of Work Environment and Health 29(5):354-362.

Dababneh A, Waters T [1999] The ergonomic use of hand tools: guidelines for the practitioner. Applied Occupational and Environmental Hygiene 14:208-215.

Dababneh A, Lowe B, Krieg E, Kong YK, Waters T [2004]. A checklist for the ergonomic evaluation of nonpowered hand tools. Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene 1(12):D135-D145.
Merlino LA, Rosecrance JC, Anton D, Cook TM [2003]. Symptoms of musculoskeletal disorders among apprentice construction workers. Applied Occupational and Environmental Hygiene 18(1):57-64.

Oregon Department of Consumer and Business Services, Workers' Compensation Division [2001]. Worksite modification digest. [wcd.oregon.gov//communications/publications/2184.pdf]. Date accessed: September 2005.

Radwin RG [2003]. Ergonomically-designed hand tools. Presentation at the American Industrial Hygiene Conference and Exposition. [homepages.cae.wisc.edu/~radwin/presentations.htm]. Date accessed: September 2005.

Tichauer ER, Gage H [1977]. Ergonomic principles basic to hand tool design. American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal 38(11):622-634.

Tip Sheet #15. Easy-Hold Glove for Mud Pans

Moore JS [1997]. De Quervain's tenosynovitis: Stenosing tenosynovitis of the first dorsal compartment. Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 39(10):990-1002.

Rempel D, Keir PJ, Smutz WP, Hargens A [1997]. Effects of static fingertip loading on carpal tunnel pressure. Journal of Orthopaedic Research 15(3):422-426.

Shaw G, Joyce T [2002]. Ergonomics of drywall finishing - How finishing tools and techniques affect repetitive strain injuries in the finishing trades. Conference Proceedings, 12th Annual Construction Safety and Health Conference, Rosemont, Illinois, May 21-23, 2002. [www.apla-tech.com/pdf/ergo.pdf]. Date accessed: September 2006.

Tip Sheet #16. Power Caulking Guns

Dababneh A, Lowe B, Krieg E, Kong YK, Waters T [2004]. A checklist for the ergonomic evaluation of nonpowered hand tools. Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene 1(12):D135-D145.

Methner MM [2000]. Identification of potential hazards associated with new residential construction. Applied Occupational and Environmental Hygiene 15(2):189-192.

Tichauer ER, Gage H [1977]. Ergonomic principles basic to hand tool design. American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal 38(11):622-634.

Tip Sheet #17. Reduced Vibration Power Tools

Griffin MJ, Howarth HVC, Pitts PM, Fischer S, Kaulbars U, Donati PM, Bereton PF [2005]. Guide to good practices on hand-arm vibration (V7.7).[www.humanvibration.com/EU/VIBGUIDE/HAV_Good_practice_Guide_V7.7_English_260506.pdf]. Date accessed: October 2006.

Naval Safety Center [2006]. Acquisition safety vibration. [www.safetycenter.navy.mil/acquisition/vibration/default.htm]. Date accessed: November 2006.

Tip Sheet #18. Power Cleaning and Reaming with a Brush

None.

Tip Sheet #19. Snips for Cutting Sheet Metal

Anton D, Rosecrance J, Gerr F, Reynolds J, Meyers A, Cook T [2007]. Effect of aviation snip design and task height on upper extremity muscular activity and wrist posture. Journal of Occupational & Environmental Hygiene 4:99-113.

Merlino LA, Rosecrance JC, Anton D, Cook TM [2003]. Symptoms of musculoskeletal disorders among apprentice construction workers. Applied Occupational and Environmental Hygiene 18(1):57-64.
Welch LS, Hunting KL, Kellogg J [1995]. Work-related musculoskeletal symptoms among sheet metal workers. American Journal of Industrial Medicine 27(6):783-791.

Tip Sheet #20. Quick-Threading Lock Nuts

Pope DP, Silman AJ, Cherry NM, Pritchard C, Macfarlane GJ [2001]. Association of occupational physical demands and psychosocial working environment with disabling shoulder pain. Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 60:852-858
Sommerich CM, McGlothlin JD, Marras WS [1993]. Occupational risk factors associated with soft tissue disorders of the shoulder: a review of recent investigations in the literature. Ergonomics 36(6):697-717.

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