pmc logo imageJournal ListSearchpmc logo image
Logo of annrheumdJournal URL: redirect3.cgi?&&auth=0p9LvdSwASOMG9g8iZkD8JAzLtN4e4XVhOwo7rQO1&reftype=publisher&artid=1766722&article-id=1766722&iid=140998&issue-id=140998&jid=149&journal-id=149&FROM=Article|Banner&TO=Publisher|Other|N%2FA&rendering-type=normal&&http://ard.bmj.com
Ann Rheum Dis. 2002 November; 61(Suppl 2): ii25–ii28.
doi: 10.1136/ard.61.suppl_2.ii25.
PMCID: PMC1766722
Balancing the immune system: Th1 and Th2
W van Eden, R van der Zee, P van Kooten, S Berlo, P Cobelens, A Kavelaars, C Heijnen, B Prakken, S Roord, and S Albani
Full Text
The Full Text of this article is available as a PDF (97K).
Selected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
  • van Eden, W; Thole, JE; van der Zee, R; Noordzij, A; van Embden, JD; Hensen, EJ; Cohen, IR. Cloning of the mycobacterial epitope recognized by T lymphocytes in adjuvant arthritis. Nature. 1988 Jan 14;331(6152):171–173. [PubMed]
  • van Eden, W; van der Zee, R; Paul, AG; Prakken, BJ; Wendling, U; Anderton, SM; Wauben, MH. Do heat shock proteins control the balance of T-cell regulation in inflammatory diseases? Immunol Today. 1998 Jul;19(7):303–307. [PubMed]
  • Anderton, SM; van der Zee, R; Prakken, B; Noordzij, A; van Eden, W. Activation of T cells recognizing self 60-kD heat shock protein can protect against experimental arthritis. J Exp Med. 1995 Mar 1;181(3):943–952. [PubMed]
  • Wendling, U; Paul, L; van der Zee, R; Prakken, B; Singh, M; van Eden, W. A conserved mycobacterial heat shock protein (hsp) 70 sequence prevents adjuvant arthritis upon nasal administration and induces IL-10-producing T cells that cross-react with the mammalian self-hsp70 homologue. J Immunol. 2000 Mar 1;164(5):2711–2717. [PubMed]
  • de Graeff-Meeder, ER; van Eden, W; Rijkers, GT; Prakken, BJ; Kuis, W; Voorhorst-Ogink, MM; van der Zee, R; Schuurman, HJ; Helders, PJ; Zegers, BJ. Juvenile chronic arthritis: T cell reactivity to human HSP60 in patients with a favorable course of arthritis. J Clin Invest. 1995 Mar;95(3):934–940. [PubMed]
  • Prakken, AB; van Eden, W; Rijkers, GT; Kuis, W; Toebes, EA; de Graeff-Meeder, ER; van der Zee, R; Zegers, BJ. Autoreactivity to human heat-shock protein 60 predicts disease remission in oligoarticular juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum. 1996 Nov;39(11):1826–1832. [PubMed]
  • Bonnin, D; Albani, S. Mucosal modulation of immune responses to heat shock proteins in autoimmune arthritis. Biotherapy. 1998;10(3):213–221. [PubMed]
  • van Halteren, AG; Mosselman, B; Roep, BO; van Eden, W; Cooke, A; Kraal, G; Wauben, MH. T cell reactivity to heat shock protein 60 in diabetes-susceptible and genetically protected nonobese diabetic mice is associated with a protective cytokine profile. J Immunol. 2000 Nov 15;165(10):5544–5551. [PubMed]
  • Paul, AG; van Der Zee, R; Taams, LS; van Eden, W. A self-hsp60 peptide acts as a partial agonist inducing expression of B7-2 on mycobacterial hsp60-specific T cells: a possible mechanism for inhibitory T cell regulation of adjuvant arthritis? Int Immunol. 2000 Jul;12(7):1041–1050. [PubMed]
  • Chen, W; Syldath, U; Bellmann, K; Burkart, V; Kolb, H. Human 60-kDa heat-shock protein: a danger signal to the innate immune system. J Immunol. 1999 Mar 15;162(6):3212–3219. [PubMed]
  • Gallucci, S; Matzinger, P. Danger signals: SOS to the immune system. Curr Opin Immunol. 2001 Feb;13(1):114–119. [PubMed]
  • Todryk, S; Melcher, AA; Hardwick, N; Linardakis, E; Bateman, A; Colombo, MP; Stoppacciaro, A; Vile, RG. Heat shock protein 70 induced during tumor cell killing induces Th1 cytokines and targets immature dendritic cell precursors to enhance antigen uptake. J Immunol. 1999 Aug 1;163(3):1398–1408. [PubMed]
  • Ohashi, K; Burkart, V; Flohé, S; Kolb, H. Cutting edge: heat shock protein 60 is a putative endogenous ligand of the toll-like receptor-4 complex. J Immunol. 2000 Jan 15;164(2):558–561. [PubMed]
  • Asea, A; Kraeft, SK; Kurt-Jones, EA; Stevenson, MA; Chen, LB; Finberg, RW; Koo, GC; Calderwood, SK. HSP70 stimulates cytokine production through a CD14-dependant pathway, demonstrating its dual role as a chaperone and cytokine. Nat Med. 2000 Apr;6(4):435–442. [PubMed]
  • Bulut, Yonca; Faure, Emmanuelle; Thomas, Lisa; Karahashi, Hisae; Michelsen, Kathrin S; Equils, Ozlem; Morrison, Sandra G; Morrison, Richard P; Arditi, Moshe. Chlamydial heat shock protein 60 activates macrophages and endothelial cells through Toll-like receptor 4 and MD2 in a MyD88-dependent pathway. J Immunol. 2002 Feb 1;168(3):1435–1440. [PubMed]
  • Vabulas, RM; Ahmad-Nejad, P; da Costa, C; Miethke, T; Kirschning, CJ; Häcker, H; Wagner, H. Endocytosed HSP60s use toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) and TLR4 to activate the toll/interleukin-1 receptor signaling pathway in innate immune cells. J Biol Chem. 2001 Aug 17;276(33):31332–31339. [PubMed]
  • Vabulas, Ramunas M; Ahmad-Nejad, Parviz; Ghose, Sanghamitra; Kirschning, Carsten J; Issels, Rolf D; Wagner, Hermann. HSP70 as endogenous stimulus of the Toll/interleukin-1 receptor signal pathway. J Biol Chem. 2002 Apr 26;277(17):15107–15112. [PubMed]
  • Basu, S; Binder, RJ; Ramalingam, T; Srivastava, PK. CD91 is a common receptor for heat shock proteins gp96, hsp90, hsp70, and calreticulin. Immunity. 2001 Mar;14(3):303–313. [PubMed]
  • Binder, RJ; Han, DK; Srivastava, PK. CD91: a receptor for heat shock protein gp96. Nat Immunol. 2000 Aug;1(2):151–155. [PubMed]
  • Wills-Karp, M; Santeliz, J; Karp, CL. The germless theory of allergic disease: revisiting the hygiene hypothesis. Nat Rev Immunol. 2001 Oct;1(1):69–75. [PubMed]
  • Nieuwenhuis, EE; Visser, MR; Kavelaars, A; Cobelens, PM; Fleer, A; Harmsen, W; Verhoef, J; Akkermans, LM; Heijnen, CJ. Oral antibiotics as a novel therapy for arthritis: evidence for a beneficial effect of intestinal Escherichia coli. Arthritis Rheum. 2000 Nov;43(11):2583–2589. [PubMed]
  • Cobelens, PM; Heijnen, CJ; Nieuwenhuis, EE; Kramer, PP; van der Zee, R; van Eden, W; Kavelaars, A. Treatment of adjuvant-induced arthritis by oral administration of mycobacterial Hsp65 during disease. Arthritis Rheum. 2000 Dec;43(12):2694–2702. [PubMed]
Figures and Tables
Figure 1 Figure 1
Three mechanisms of anti-inflammatory T cell induction by hsp. APL regulation: microbial hsp reactive T cells perceive self hsp homologues as partial agonists or APLs and develop a regulatory phenotype. Mucosal tolerance: hsp reactive T cells recognise (more ...)