Solid material combustion (*) apparatus with or without the
capability of utilizing auxiliary gaseous or liquid fuel (*);
Solid material combustion apparatus convertible to a gaseous
or liquid fuel combustion apparatus;
Combustion apparatus for incinerating (*) solid or
liquid refuse (*);
Solid material combustion apparatus subcombinations and structure
not provided for elsewhere; or
Methods of operating solid material combustion apparatus not
provided for elsewhere.
SCOPE OF THE CLASS
Placement of an original patent into Class 110 requires the
following minimum structure or steps of operating such structure:
(1) means or a step to either convey or support solid combustible
material during combustion; (2) means or a step to supply either
directly or indirectly a noncombustible fluid to the solid combustible
material; and (3) means or a step to enclose or control the combustion
reaction.
Class 110 further provides for the following subcombination
devices peculiar to solid material combustion apparatus, the following
of which is a partial list: (1) Fuel Feeders. (2) Spark Arresters.
(3) Spark and Smoke Conductors. (See Subclass Reference to this
Class, below, for map to these subclasses.)
Class 110 also provides for the following types of structure
peculiar to solid material combustion apparatus, the following of
which is a partial list: (1) Baffle or Heat Retainer Structure.
(2) Solid Fuel Feed Structure. (3) Arch or Roof Structure. (4) Wall
Structure. (See Subclass Reference to this Class, below, for map
to these subclasses.)
SECTION II - LINES WITH OTHER CLASSES AND WITHIN THIS CLASS
RELATIONSHIP TO CLASSES INVOLVING, PER SE, FURNACES
A. THE CLASSES OF ELECTRICAL HEATING:
See Search Notes below for class of Industrial Electric Heating
Furnaces, for furnace structure with characteristics limited to
electric heating.
See Search Notes below for class of Electric Heating, for
electric heating characteristics including furnace structure.
B. THE CLASSES OF HEATING:
See Search Notes below for class of Stoves and Furnaces,
provides for furnaces for ordinary domestic uses, cooking and heating
stoves; fireplaces; and hot-air furnaces.
See Search Notes below for class of Combustion, providing
for furnaces for burning of gaseous or liquid fuel material, particularly
for fluid-fed furnaces with or without other noncombustible fluids;
and for a furnace in which the fluid fuel is fed tangentially to
the wall of a circular combustion chamber.
C. THE CLASSES OF PLASTIC AND PLASTIC TYPE MATERIAL SHAPING
AND TREATING:
See Search Notes below for class of Glass Manufacturing, provides
for furnaces specially adapted for making glass, particularly for
a glass melting furnace having a structurally defined delivery or
refining zone; and for a glass annealing or tempering furnace including
means to control the rate of cooling.
See Search Notes below for class of Mineral Oils: Apparatus,
for furnaces specially adapted for oil treatment.
See Search Notes below for class of Metallurgical Apparatus,
provides for furnaces specially adapted for metallurgical processes,
particularly for furnaces treating ores or extracting metals, and
for furnaces for melting or vaporizing metal.
D. THE CLASSES OF PLANT AND ANIMAL HUSBANDRY:
See Search Notes below for class of Butchering, for furnaces
specially adapted for singeing hogs.
RELATIONSHIP TO COMBINATION CLASSES
A. THE CLASSES OF MISCELLANEOUS TREATING:
See Search Notes below for class of Drying and Gas or Vapor
Contact With Solids for a furnace combined with a chamber limited
to drying work other than fuel or refuse.
B. THE CLASSES OF HEATING:
See Search Notes below for class of Liquid Heaters and Vaporizers
for a furnace combined with a boiler, particularly for grates through
which water circulates with or without connection to the boiler.
See Search Notes below for class of Automatic Temperature
and Humidity Regulation, provides for furnaces combined with automatic
temperature and humidity regulators wherein the furnace or furnace
structure is broadly recited or claimed, particularly for furnaces controlled
by thermostats and humidistats.
See Search Notes below for class of Heating, the residual
class for a furnace combined with means for applying heat so as
to treat material or work rather than for incinerating refuse or
burning solid fuel for the production of transferable heat.
C. THE CLASS OF PHYSICAL SEPARATION:
See Search Notes below for class of Concentrating Evaporators,
for furnaces combined with evaporator structure peculiar to the
concentration of solids held in solution or suspension.
D. THE CLASS OF COMMINUTING:
See Search Notes below for class of Solid Material Comminution
or Disintegration, for comminuting processes and apparatus in combination
with furnaces to apply heat to the material.
E. THE CLASSES OF VEHICLES:
See Search Notes below for class of Railway Rolling Stock,
for the combination of a furnace with a steam locomotive.
RELATIONSHIP TO OTHER CLASSES
A. THE CLASSES OF EARTHWORKING:
See Search Notes below for class of Excavating for furnace
devices for snow excavators and melters.
B. THE CLASSES OF FLUID HANDLING:
See Search Notes below for class of Excavating, Pipes and
Tubular Conduits for furnace devices used in thawing pipes.
C. THE CLASSES OF MOTORS, ENGINES, AND PUMPS:
See Search Notes below for class of Power Plants for furnaces
for burning solid fuel for the production of products of combustion
intended to be used as a motive fluid.
D. THE CLASS FOR DEALING WITH NONNUCLEAR HAZARDOUS OR TOXIC
WASTE.
See Search Notes below for class of Hazardous or Toxic Waste
Destruction or Containment for the process of burning hazardous
or toxic waste, and for the apparatus used in the treating of hazardous
and toxic waste.
SECTION III - SUBCLASS REFERENCES TO THE CURRENT CLASS
Drying and Gas or Vapor Contact With Solids, provides for a furnace combined with a chamber limited
to drying work other than fuel or refuse. See the notes in that
class definition for the line with Class 110.
Power Plants,
subclasses 39.461+ provides for furnaces for burning solid fuel for
the production of products of combustion intended to be used as
a motive fluid.
Glass Manufacturing, provides for furnaces specially adapted for making glass,
particularly
subclass 347 for a glass melting furnace having a structurally
defined delivery or refining zone; and subclasses 349+ for
a glass annealing or tempering furnace including means to control the
rate of cooling.
Liquid Heaters and Vaporizers, provides for a furnace combined with a boiler. See particularly
subclasses 371+ of Class 122 for grates through which water circulates
with or without connection to the boiler.
Stoves and Furnaces, provides for furnaces for ordinary domestic uses, such
as
subclasses 1+ , cooking and heating stoves; subclasses 500+, fireplaces;
and subclass 99, hot-air furnaces.
Concentrating Evaporators, provides for furnaces combined with evaporator structure peculiar
to the concentration of solids held in solution or suspension.
See particularly
subclasses 29 and 32.
Automatic Temperature and Humidity Regulation, provides for furnaces combined with automatic temperature
and humidity regulators wherein the furnace or furnace structure
is broadly recited or claimed, particularly
subclass 15 for furnaces controlled by thermostats and humidistats.
Solid Material Comminution or Disintegration, provides for comminuting processes and apparatus
in combination with furnaces to apply heat to the material. See
section (6) of the definition of that class for a statement of the
line between these classes.
Metallurgical Apparatus, provides for furnaces specially adapted for metallurgical
processes, particularly
subclasses 171+ for furnaces treating ores or extracting metals,
and subclasses 200+ for furnaces for melting or vaporizing
metal.
Combustion, provides for furnaces for burning of gaseous or liquid
fuel material, particularly
subclasses 159+ for fluid-fed furnaces with or without other noncombustible
fluids; and subclasses 173+ for a furnace in which the
fluid fuel is fed tangentially to the wall of a circular combustion
chamber. See the head notes of Class 431 for the general class
line with this class.
Heating, is the residual class for a furnace combined with
means for applying heat so as to treat material or work rather than
for incinerating refuse or burning solid fuel for the production
of transferable heat.
Hazardous or Toxic Waste Destruction or Containment,
subclasses 313 through 320for the process of burning hazardous or toxic waste. Additionally,
see cross-reference art collection, subclass 900, for the apparatus
used in the treating of hazardous and toxic waste.
SECTION V - GLOSSARY
COMBUSTION
The chemical action resulting from the direct combination
of oxygen gas, generally in air, with a combustible material accompanied
by the evolution of heat and light.
COMBUSTION CHAMBER
The structure immediately surrounding the combustion reaction
and generally above the fuel (*) or refuse (*) grate
and designed to support or promote the combustion reaction.
FUEL
A combustible material having good combustible properties
such as a relatively low ignition temperature, a long burning time,
and a minimum of impurities which hinder combustion and used primarily
to produce heat.
INCINERATION
The combustion of refuse (*) for primary purpose
of disposing of that refuse rather than for producing heat.
NONCOMBUSTIBLE FLUID
A gas or liquid which itself does not burn but which
is capable of supporting or promoting combustion (i.e., air, steam,
or water).
REFUSE
A combustible waste material which is burned for the sole
or primary purpose of disposing of that material.
Material or Article Handling,
subclass 146 for charging or discharging means adapted for use
with a nuclear reactor, subclasses 147+ for the combination
of a chamber of a type utilized for a heating function and material
charging or discharging means therefor, and subclasses 568+ for
a device or element associated with the handling or moving of a charge
for a heating-type chamber.
This subclass is indented under subclass 101. Devices for feeding fuel whose operation is controlled by
the pressure of steam in the boiler heated by the fuel.
This subclass is indented under subclass 101. Devices for blowing the fuel into the firebox either by
air or steam or both conjoined together, with devices for conveying
the fuel to the blower into the path of the fluid current, and all
devices for preparing the fuel by pulverizing it if subsequently
delivered to the furnace by a fluidjet.
Conveyors: Fluid Current, appropriate subclasses for means to convey solids
with a fluid current. Class 406 will take a nominally recited furnace combined
with a fluid current conveyor.
This subclass is indented under subclass 104. Feeders in which the fuel is fed from a hopper and delivered
to furnace by a blast of air or steam, such hopper being immediately
attached to the furnace.
This subclass is indented under subclass 104. Devices in which a solid fuel feeder has fluid jet means
for distributing the fuel over a fire bed or grate. These devices
are generally known as the locomotive stoker type of blower feeders
though some are not disclosed for use on locomotives.
Conveyors: Power-Driven, appropriate subclasses for conveyors of particular
types, including reciprocating and screw-type conveyors often used for
feeding bulk material to furnaces.
Solid Material Comminution or Disintegration,
subclass 276 for locomotive-type stokers provided with comminuting
means, but including no furnace structure. See the general line stated
in section 6 of the main class definition of Class 241.
This subclass is indented under subclass 105.5. Devices in which the fuel feeding means causes the fuel
to be elevated from below and presented directly to the front of
the fluid jets.
This subclass is indented under subclass 104. Devices having a fan blower where the fuel is passed through
the fan casing and is pulverized by the fan blades, and it includes
also those devices having a fan blower and a rotary grinder in the
same casing or in a casing in close proximity to the fan casing
for pulverizing the fuel, and the fuel is passed on by the air-current
to the firebox.
Solid Material Comminution or Disintegration,
subclasses 18 and 38+ for comminution provided with
means to apply fluid to the material for some purpose other than
to support combustion. See the line stated in section (6) of the
main class definition of that class.
This subclass is indented under subclass 101. Devices that have a carrier for taking the fuel into the
furnace over the fire and scattering it thereon, such carrier not
passing through the door.
This subclass is indented under subclass 116. Devices for charging furnaces with fuel at intervals, either
motor or clock operated or operated by hand, at the will of the
operator, such being fed through the doorway of the furnace.
This subclass is indented under subclass 101. Devices for delivering fuel to the firebox by gravity feed
when the fuel is fed from overhead and falls directly upon the fire
from above.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Devices for preventing live sparks from passing out of the
stack or chimney. This is accomplished either by screens, baffles,
steam or water spray located either in the smokebox or smokestack
and in some cases by screens in the boiler flues.
Gas Separation: Apparatus, appropriate subclasses, for gas separation apparatus having
no significant furnace structure, especially
subclasses 243+ for gas separation apparatus combined with gas
and liquid contact means.
This subclass is indented under subclass 122. Devices where the arrester is hollow, somewhat cylindrical
in form, and vertically arranged, through which the exhaust-steam passes.
This subclass is indented under subclass 122. Devices where the sparks are precipitated into a water receptacle
in the smokebox and also includes devices with a steam or water
spray in combination with the receptacle.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Devices applied to a stack or smokebox for conducting the
smoke and sparks and discharging them upon the ground or into the
air. They need not necessarily be conduits but may be shields or
deflectors. Includes conduits applied the stack of a boiler used
for threshing purposes on a farm, the conduit being carried at a
distance from the boiler or engine and discharging into a water
receptacle to prevent the sparks setting fire to the straw.
This subclass is indented under subclass 145. Devices having a conduit extending from the smoke-discharge
end of the locomotive past the cars of the train to carry away the
smoke and sparks and discharge them at the rear of the train.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Devices which act directly on the products of combustion
after they leave the firebox to affect the velocity of said products.
Also devices that act directly on the fire as blowers for the fire,
in combination with steam or air jets that either increase or decrease
the draft; and exhaust mechanisms that have exhaust nozzles.
(1)
Note. Where air or steam is injected into the products for
the sole purpose of more completely consuming the smoke and gases,
such devices are classified in this class, see subclasses 297+,
for feeding air or feeding steam.
This subclass is indented under subclass 147. Devices for separating the heavy gases and drawing them
off, allowing only the lighter gases to pass through the stack.
This subclass is indented under subclass 147. Devices in which the products of combustion or a part of
them are drawn through a fan to increase the draft.
This subclass is indented under subclass 147. Devices movable in the path of the products of combustion
for regulating the cross sectional area of said path or for closing
one path in order to pass them through another or longer course.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Devices for receiving and removing ashes, including ashpit
structures, ashpans and conveyors when furnace structure is included.
This subclass is indented under subclass 165. Devices comprising receptacles under a furnace-grate for
receiving the ashes as they fall therefrom, except the ash-pit itself.
The pan must be a removable receptacle suspended from the furnace
or resting on a support beneath the grate or permanently attached
to the furnace, as in some locomotive structures.
This subclass is indented under subclass 166. Devices relating to mechanical devices for emptying the
ashpan, including pans having scrapers or carriers, valves in the
bottom for allowing the ashes to fall out when opened, or pans allowing
the whole bottom to swing down to dump the ashes.
This subclass is indented under subclass 167. Devices whose bottoms are made of a plurality of sections
pivoted at each end and connected to a common operating-bar.
This subclass is indented under subclass 166. Devices where water or steam is injected into the ashpan
for the purpose of ejecting the ashes or extinguishing sparks.
Movable or Removable Closures, appropriate subclasses for closures of the type
provided for and see the search notes in section IV of Class 49 for
the loci of closures in other classes.
This subclass is indented under subclass 173. Doors through which air and steam or steam are fed to the
fire and also where air and steam or steam is fed to the fire when
the valve controlling the admission of the fluid is operated by
the door, whether the fluid passes through the door or not.
This subclass is indented under subclass 173. Doors which admit air to the furnace either by ports or
conduits through the door structure or having means for keeping
the door partly open where the construction is especially adapted
for admitting air other than by simply opening a door of common
construction.
Movable or Removable Closures,
subclass 334 for a motor operated closure and see the search
notes thereto for the loci of other motor operated closures.
This subclass is indented under subclass 173. Devices for preventing the heat, gases, or flames from passing
out of the furnace when the door is opened either by a spray of
steam, air, or water or by causing air to be drawn into the door
or having means to draw the gases through a bypass when the door
is opened. These devices also serve to prevent the cold outside
air from cooling the boiler.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter relating to doors and casings that are kept
cool by the circulation of steam or air through them.
Heating,
subclass 237 for the subcombination of a material heating chamber
comprising a door, door frame or chamber cover having protective cooling
structure.
This subclass is indented under subclass 181. Arches and casings with circulation conduits through which
air or air and steam are passed to be fed to the furnace.
WITH CONTROL MEANS RESPONSIVE TO A SENSED CONDITION:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus provided with detection means for sensing a particular
state, property, or characteristic or a change in the state, property,
or characteristic of the apparatus or combustion constituents or
combustion products used or produced by the apparatus and with a
mechanism, actuated by or responsive to the detection means, for
regulating the operation of the apparatus.
This subclass is indented under subclass 185. Apparatus wherein the mechanism is provided for regulating
the supply of combustion constituents to the apparatus.
(1)
Note. The term "combustion constituents" includes
solid fuel or combustible refuse singularly or combined with fluid fuel
as well as a noncombustible fluid such as air, water, or steam.
Liquid Heaters and Vaporizers,
subclass 449 for the combination of boiler structure with means
to control the combustion of solid fuel and the regulation of water
feed to the boiler structure.
Conveyors: Power-Driven,
subclasses 750.1+ for a reciprocating-type conveyor provided with
control means responsive to a sensed condition; and subclass 810
for an endless belt conveyor provided with control means responsive
to a sensed condition.
Material or Article Handling,
subclasses 18+ for apparatus for charging a chamber used for a
heating function provided with a control system responsive to supply
or discharge of material to the chamber.
Automatic Temperature and Humidity Regulation,
subclasses 14 and 15 for regulation of fuel and air supply by condition
of furnace or by combined boiler and furnace.
This subclass is indented under subclass 188. Apparatus wherein the sensed state, property, or characteristic
is the force per unit area existing at a point within the combustion
chamber or in fluid lines connected thereto.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus provided with (a) means for storing coded instructions
or other data necessary to regulate the operation of the apparatus, or
(b) means repetitively regulating the sequence of operational steps
performed in or by the apparatus.
This subclass is indented under subclass 191. Apparatus wherein means are provided to control any or all
of the operation(s) or operational step(s) of the apparatus for
a specific duration.
Metallurgical Apparatus,
subclass 174 for an ore treating or metal extracting furnace
provided with a safety device; and subclass 903 for a cross-reference art
collection to safety devices.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus specially adapted for building a blacksmith"s
fire generally consisting of an open firepot and means for feeding
air thereto, together with other combustion features peculiar to
such an organization.
This subclass is indented under subclass 196. External structure detachable from firebox: Apparatus having
fireboxes located exteriorly of the main furnace structure and capable
of being readily separated or detached therefrom.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus specially adapted for use with mechanical structure
movable upon a railway track and propelled by a steam engine.
This subclass is indented under subclass 199. And noncombustible fluid treatment means: Apparatus provided
with means for modifying the physical properties of the fluid prior
to its injection into the combustion chamber.
(1)
Note. Physical properties include temperature, pressure,
and volume of the fluid.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus provided with means for conditioning combustion
products subsequent to their production and prior to their venting
to the atmosphere to render them less objectionable to the environment.
Metallurgical Apparatus,
subclasses 144+ for metallurgical treating apparatus provided with
means for treating the exhaust fumes produced during the metallurgical
treatment.
This subclass is indented under subclass 203. Apparatus wherein the conditioning means returns all or
part of the products of combustion to a combustion chamber.
This subclass is indented under subclass 204. Apparatus provided with means for introducing air into the
combustion products being returned to the combustion chamber.
This subclass is indented under subclass 205. Apparatus provided with means for impelling the returned
combustion products into the combustion chamber.
This subclass is indented under subclass 206. Apparatus wherein the impelling means is a moving stream
of fluid which mixes with and draws the returning combustion products
into the combustion chamber.
This subclass is indented under subclass 203. Apparatus having a plurality of combustion chambers and
further provided with means for passing combustion products from
one combustion chamber to another.
Liquid Heaters and Vaporizers,
subclasses 57 and 60 provided with multipart water fireboxes
provided with means for passing combustion products from one part
to the other.
This subclass is indented under subclass 203. Apparatus wherein the treating means includes means to effect
combustion of unburned components in the gaseous products of combustion.
This subclass is indented under subclass 210. Apparatus wherein means is associated with the main burner
to direct a portion of the flame into an afterburning zone spaced
from the main combustion zone or to redirect the gaseous products
of combustion through the flame of the main burner.
This subclass is indented under subclass 210. Apparatus wherein an auxiliary fluid fueled burner is used
to assist in effecting combustion of unburned components in the
gaseous products of combustion.
This subclass is indented under subclass 212. Apparatus wherein the fluid fueled burner is arranged to
induce a turbulent or whirling motion to the products of combustion
to promote burning of the unburned components.
This subclass is indented under subclass 210. Apparatus including means to supply air to the afterburner
zone to effect combustion of the unburned components of the gaseous
products of combustion.
This subclass is indented under subclass 203. Means contacting exhaust gas with liquid: Apparatus including
means to commingle or otherwise encounter the gaseous products of combustion
with a liquid medium to remove impurities from the gaseous products.
for devices for preventing live sparks from passing
out of the stack or chimney. The devices include screens, baffles,
steam, or water sprays located in smokebox or stack.
for devices for preventing live spark from passing
out of the stack or chimney of furnaces. The devices include screens,
baffles, steam, or water sprays located in smokebox or stack.
This subclass is indented under subclass 216. Apparatus wherein the chimney or flue has a foraminous member
for preventing discharge of solid particles to the environment.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus provided with means to enhance the combustible
properties of the solid fuel to be burned or refuse to be incinerated.
This subclass is indented under subclass 219. Apparatus provided with means for separating the waste material
on the basis of some physical characteristic.
(1)
Note. Some of the physical characteristics upon which the
material is separated are size, magnetic properties, removal of liquid.
Classifying, Separating, and Assorting Solids, appropriate subclasses for sorting or separating solid
materials, per se, and
subclass 11 for sorting or separating solid materials combined with
heat treatment.
This subclass is indented under subclass 220. Apparatus having means for removing liquid from the refuse.
(1)
Note. The devices of this subclass are provided with means
which effect the physical separation of solids and water, as for
example, centrifuges, strainers, skimming devices, etc. Those devices which
merely heat a watery mass to evaporate the water contained therein will
not be found in this subclass.
Solid Material Comminution or Disintegration, appropriate subclass for comminuting or disintegrating
apparatus, per se, or combined with heating means where no chemical
change to the material heated occurs.
Presses, appropriate subclasses for press structure, per se, and
subclasses 92+ for press combined with heating means for drying
without producing incineration.
This subclass is indented under subclass 219. Apparatus provided with means for driving off moisture from
the waste material by heating the material prior to delivery to
an incineration zone.
Drying and Gas or Vapor Contact With Solids, appropriate subclass for methods and apparatus not
provided for elsewhere for removing excess or unwanted moisture
from solid materials. Further, see the search note in the class
definitions of Class 34 for a statement of the line between Class
34 and Class 110.
This subclass is indented under subclass 224. Apparatus provided with plural drying means wherein the
refuse is moved progressively from one drying zone to another.
This subclass is indented under subclass 224. Apparatus wherein the means to drive off the moisture includes
a barrel-like receptacle which is mounted to revolve about its longitudinal
axis while the material is being dried.
This subclass is indented under subclass 224. Apparatus having means to either cause or to aid in the
passage of the material being treated from a drying zone to a combustion
zone.
This subclass is indented under subclass 227. Apparatus wherein the means to cause or to aid in the passage
of the material includes a power-driven conveyor.
Gas: Heating and Illuminating,
subclasses 61+ for a gas producer, per se, in which the produced
or liberated gas is not burned during its production, and subclass
113 for a gas generator of the furnace retort type.
Power Plants,
subclass 39.12 for a combustion products generator provided with
means to produce a combustible gas which is subsequently delivered
to and burned in the generator.
This subclass is indented under subclass 229. Apparatus provided with means to separate or eliminate the
combustible fluid from the solid fuel such that the distilled fuel
is mainly consumed within the combustion chamber.
This subclass is indented under subclass 230. Apparatus provided with means to pass the separated fluid
under the fuel supporting means and through a combustion reaction.
This subclass is indented under subclass 218. Apparatus wherein the means is capable of comminuting or
disintegrating solid lump fuel into powdered fuel for use in a powdered
fuel burner.
Solid Material Comminution or Disintegration, appropriate subclasses for comminuting or disintegrating
apparatus, per se, or combined with heating means where no chemical
change to the heated material occurs.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus including means in addition to the incinerating
or burning apparatus for performing some additional nonincinerating
or nonburning function or for perfecting the operation of the basic
incinerating or burning apparatus not provided for in another class.
(1)
Note. See headnote V, Relationship to Combination Classes,
of these (Class 110) definitions for structure of another class
combined with a Class 110, Furnaces.
Metallurgical Apparatus, appropriate subclass for the recovery of metals from
refuse material. Where a number of diverse constituents are reclaimed;
e.g., glass and lead, etc., classification is in this (110) class.
This subclass is indented under subclass 235. Apparatus wherein the incinerator is a sealed container
into which the refuse is placed and incinerated over the fire.
(1)
Note. The vessel may or may not have means for dumping its
contents on the fire.
This subclass is indented under subclass 235. Apparatus wherein the incinerator consists of means by which
the material to be incinerated either floats on the surface of a
body of liquid or is carried within and by a moving stream of gas
during its incineration.
This subclass is indented under subclass 243. Apparatus wherein the incinerator consists of means by which
the material to be incinerated is carried within and by a moving
stream of gas during its incineration.
This subclass is indented under subclass 244. Apparatus wherein the incinerator consists of means by which
a distinct, flowable stratum of nonburnable particulate matter is
formed in the combustion zone by the action of gas passing upwardly
through the stratum.
This subclass is indented under subclass 235. Apparatus wherein the incinerator is a barrellike receptacle
within which the refuse material is placed, which receptacle is
mounted to revolve about its longitudinal axis during incineration.
This subclass is indented under subclass 235. Rotary grate movable about a vertical axis: Apparatus wherein
the incinerator has a grate that revolves about an axis which is
generally normal to the horizon upon which grate the refuse is supported.
This subclass is indented under subclass 235. Apparatus wherein the incinerator has means to support the
refuse over the grate in spaced relation thereto, which means allows
for circulation of air through the refuse.
This subclass is indented under subclass 235. Apparatus wherein the incinerator has means to shield the
refuse over which the flames of the furnace pass to consume the
refuse.
This subclass is indented under subclass 235. Apparatus including similar means for feeding, conveying,
or agitating refuse to or within the combustion chamber or for discharging
ash from the chamber, without particular heating or combustion chamber
structure.
Material or Article Handling,
subclasses 147+ for feeding, conveying, or agitating refuse to
or within the combustion chamber or for discharging ash from the
chamber. Without particular or combustion chamber structure.
This subclass is indented under subclass 255. Apparatus having means to deliver the refuse through the
chimney or offtake flue to the combustion chamber.
Liquid Heaters and Vaporizers,
subclass 22 for a combined boiler with a solid and fluid fuel
furnace, and subclass 211 for a sectional boiler combined with a
solid and fluid fuel furnace.
Metallurgical Apparatus,
subclasses 74+ for fluid fuel outing apparatus provided with means
for feeding solid material for enhancing the cutting operation.
Fluid Sprinkling, Spraying, and Diffusing, especially
subclasses 79+ and 336 for a fluid distributor, per se, which
may include means to mix a plurality of fluents, one of which may be
a fluent solid; see search note to Class 239 in the Class 431 class
definition for the line between those classes.
Solid Material Comminution or Disintegration, appropriate subclass for comminuting or disintegrating
apparatus, per se, or combined with heating means where no chemical
change to the heated material occurs.
Combustion,
subclass 173 for fluid fuel burner provided in a combustion furnace
wherein the fuel is fed into a circular chamber substantially tangentially
to the wall of the chamber.
Liquid Heaters and Vaporizers,
subclass 22 for a boiler which can be alternately heated by
solid or fluid fuel, and subclass 211 for a sectional boiler which
can be alternately heated by solid or fluid fuel.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus provided with means for burning pulverized solid
fuel which has been suspended in air such that the burning occurs
as the fuel remains so suspended.
Solid Material Comminution or Disintegration, appropriate subclass for comminuting or disintegrating
apparatus, per se, or combined with heating means where no chemical
change to the heated material occurs.
Combustion,
subclass 173 for fluid fuel burner provided in a combustion furnace
wherein the fuel is fed into a circular chamber substantially tangentially
to the wall of the chamber.
This subclass is indented under subclass 263. Apparatus provided with vane or vanelike structure through
which the pulverized fuel and air mixture is caused to flow into
the combustion chamber thereby producing a rotary flow of the mixture.
This subclass is indented under subclass 263. Apparatus provided with variable control means to intermingle
the suspended pulverized fuel with air other than that used to suspend
the fuel to thereby produce a desired air-fuel mixture.
This subclass is indented under subclass 263. Apparatus further provided with means to remove or dispose
of the solid or liquid waste produced by the combustion of the pulverized solid
fuel.
Metallurgical Apparatus,
subclasses 176+ for ore treating or metal extracting means provided
with means for moving the material being treated through a heating
zone.
Heating,
subclass 121 for a heating chamber provided with means for moving
work therethrough, and subclasses 239+ for a feeding or
conveying subcombination specialized for heating.
This subclass is indented under subclass 267. Apparatus wherein the fuel conveying means in an ambulatory
perforated plate or bar structure which also supports the fuel during
the burning.
This subclass is indented under subclass 268. Apparatus wherein the movable grate is composed of an assemblage
of link sections attached together to form a beltlike conveyor structure.
This subclass is indented under subclass 269. Apparatus provided with means for introducing air to the
endless chain grate to thereby promote and support the burning of
the fuel on the grate.
This subclass is indented under subclass 270. Apparatus further provided with means contiguous to and
communicating with the chain grate to prevent the escape of supplied
air or burning gases associated with the burning fuel.
Heating,
subclass 242 for subcombination feeding or conveying structure provided
with means to seal the opening by which the work is moved into the
chamber, or subclass 244 for preventing leakage through the chamber wall.
This subclass is indented under subclass 209. Apparatus wherein the seal means is located either within
the interior or contiguous to a longitudinal side of the endless
grate.
This subclass is indented under subclass 269. Apparatus provided with means to vertically dispose one
end of the chain grate so that the longitudinal axis of the grate
is at an angle with the horizon.
This subclass is indented under subclass 269. Apparatus wherein the grate rests upon an ambulatory structure
capable of allowing the entire grate to be moved as an entity with respect
to the remainder of the combustion apparatus.
This subclass is indented under subclass 268. Apparatus wherein the grate or grate element is movable
about its longitudinal axis and further wherein the fuel is fed
onto the top of the grate or grate element.
This subclass is indented under subclass 268. Apparatus wherein the grate or grate element is fixed at
a fulcrum point and capable of moving alternately backward and forward
thereby advancing the fuel along the grate.
This subclass is indented under subclass 281. Apparatus further provided with fuel supply means driven
by mechanical device for feeding the fuel from a supply hopper to
the reciprocating moving grate.
This subclass is indented under subclass 283. Apparatus wherein the power feed means is at a right angle
to the axis of the reciprocating motion of the grate.
This subclass is indented under subclass 268. Apparatus wherein the movable grate is composed of relatively
long evenly shaped pieces of metal interposed with similar stationary metal
pieces such that the movable grate produces a raking action to advance
the fuel.
This subclass is indented under subclass 267. Apparatus wherein the fuel conveying means is a machine
propelled by mechanical energy.
(1)
Note. The term mechanical energy is to be distinguished from
hand labor as being produced from a variety of electrical or mechanical
motors or engines.
This subclass is indented under subclass 286. Apparatus wherein the fuel supply means includes a fuel
engaging means and means to cause the engaging means to move alternately to
and fro along a straight line from a fuel engaging point to a fuel
releasing point.
This subclass is indented under subclass 289. Apparatus provided with a fuel supporting means composed
of an assemblage of elements the longitudinal axis of which is parallel
to the axis of the straight line movement of the fuel supply means.
(1)
Note. The assemblage of grate elements comprises what is
generally known in the solid fuel furnace art as a fuel retort.
This subclass is indented under subclass 290. Apparatus wherein the grate assemblage is composed such
that the elements overlap one another in a descending configuration
thereby producing a steplike structure.
This subclass is indented under subclass 267. Apparatus wherein the feed means is of the chute type such
that the fuel is fed to the combustion chamber by its own weight.
This subclass is indented under subclass 293. Apparatus wherein the lower part of the magazine has perforations
or bars on opposite sides such that air may enter one side of the
burning fuel and flames may pass out of the other.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus provided with means to inject a noncombustible
gas or liquid into a combustion chamber to thereby promote or support
the combustion reaction.
This subclass is indented under subclass 297. Apparatus wherein the fluid supply means is composed of
a mechanical structure provided with an internal closed cavity for
allowing the fluid to pass therethrough such that mechanical structure
is additionally used to support the fuel during combustion.
This subclass is indented under subclass 298. Apparatus provided with means to directly modify the direction,
velocity, or pressure of the fluid through the hollow grate.
This subclass is indented under subclass 297. Apparatus provided with means to modify the physical properties
of the fluid passing into the combustion chamber.
This subclass is indented under subclass 301. Apparatus wherein the modifying means increases the temperature
of the fluid prior to entering the combustion chamber.
Stoves and Furnaces,
subclass 15 for a culinary heating apparatus provided with
a preheater, subclass 58 for a heating stove provided with a preheater,
and subclass 112 for a hot air furnace provided with a preheater.
This subclass is indented under subclass 302. Apparatus further provided with means to intermingle the
incoming fluid with gases rising from the combustion of the fuel.
This subclass is indented under subclass 302. Apparatus wherein the preheater is located such that it
receives its heat from the combustion chamber exhaust gases, but
the preheater is external to the combustion chamber.
This subclass is indented under subclass 302. Apparatus further provided with a hollow barrier structure
located at the rear of the fire grate attached to the preheater
such that the heated fluid enters the combustion reaction from barrier
structure.
This subclass is indented under subclass 302. Apparatus wherein the fluid being injected into the combustion
chamber is water in either its liquid or gaseous state.
This subclass is indented under subclass 302. Apparatus wherein the preheater means is located on the
interior of or is contiguous to a sidewall of the combustion chamber.
This subclass is indented under subclass 297. Apparatus provided with a vertical barrier structure at
the rear of the firebox having a substantially closed cavity through
which the fluid may pass into the combustion chamber.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus provided with a grate and further having means
to cause the incoming air to flow down through the fuel and grate.
This subclass is indented under subclass 317. Apparatus provided with structure specifically provided
to reflect heat or combustion products in a desired direction or
to a desired area.
This subclass is indented under subclass 318. Apparatus provided with means having a series of relatively
small openings designed to contour and direct the combustion flames
onto the structure desired to be heated.
(1)
Note. The flame shaper is generally located at the rear of
the combustion chamber and usually designed to heat the water boiler
tubes of a boiler heating system.
This subclass is indented under subclass 318. Apparatus provided with means to vary the size of the combustion
chamber either by a vertically movable grate, a movable bridgewall,
or a movable dead plate which can vary the effective area of the
grate surface.
This subclass is indented under subclass 318. Apparatus wherein the arch extends from the front of the
combustion chamber over the combustion reaction.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Structure relating to construction specially designed or
provided for to either reflect or retard heat.
(1)
Note. The baffle or heat retainer is generally provided for
use with boiler water tubes.
Liquid Heaters and Vaporizers,
subclass 503 for boiler structure combined with furnace having
a water-cooled baffle for receiving the impact of burning fuel.
This subclass is indented under subclass 322. Structure wherein the baffle or retainer is composed of
a ceramic or ceramic-like material which is resistant to high temperatures
and large quantities of heat.
This subclass is indented under subclass 323. Structure wherein the refractory structure is provided with
a negatively curved area adapted to mate with the external surface
of a boiler tube.
This subclass is indented under subclass 324. Structure wherein the refractory structure is further provided
with a second concavity such that refractory structure simultaneously engages
two separate boiler water tubes.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Structure relating to a component of an apparatus, device,
or mechanism used to supply either fluid or solid fuel to a combustion chamber
of the class.
This subclass is indented under subclass 329. Structure provided with a wheel structure provided with
projections on its periphery such that the projections engage chain
links to thereby impel the chain.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Structure relating to combustion chamber ceiling construction
provided to reflect and direct combustion gases and heat back to
the burning fuel to thereby further promote the burning action.
This subclass is indented under subclass 332. Structure further provided with a section having a plane
surface area which is at an angle with the horizon.
This subclass is indented under subclass 336. Structure relating to wall structure for use at the rear
of the fire grate generally provided to turn the burning flame upwards
and to the structure to be heated.
(1)
Note. The structure to be heated is usually a boiler water
tube.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Structure relating to a monolithic structure specially adapted
for use as a basic building element in a furnace wall, ceiling,
baffle, or arch.
(1)
Note. The brick element is generally composed of refractory
material resistant to extreme temperatures for sustained periods
of time.
Static Structures (e.g., Buildings),
subclasses 578+ for a module, per se, of general utility adapted
to engage a similar module and provided with an intermediate distinct
connecting means between connected modules, and subclasses 596+ for
a module, per se, of general utility having an interrelating feature
for engagement with a similar module.
This subclass is indented under subclass 338. Structure provided with distinct attached means to allow
the brick element to be suspended from a separate support structure.
(1)
Note. The brick element of this subclass is generally used
to form a suspended arch or ceiling wherein the hanger consists
generally of some type of metal bracket.
This subclass is indented under subclass 341. Process wherein the fuel, refuse, or a combustion product
is subjected to a distinctive agent, action, device, or apparatus
in order to bring about a desired result.
This subclass is indented under subclass 344. Exhaust gas; e.g., pollution control, etc.: Process wherein
the materials to be treated are the gaseous fumes normally expended
to the atmosphere.
This subclass is indented under subclass 341. Subject matter including processes for the combustion of
refuse material and the operation of incinerating apparatus.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Inventions specially adapted for use with an apparatus of
the class but not provided for elsewhere.
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