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J Clin Invest. 1994 May; 93(5): 1875–1876.
doi: 10.1172/JCI117176.
PMCID: PMC294292
Nitric oxide and biopterin: a study in Chiaroscuro.
C Nathan
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Selected References
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  • Tayeh, MA; Marletta, MA. Macrophage oxidation of L-arginine to nitric oxide, nitrite, and nitrate. Tetrahydrobiopterin is required as a cofactor. J Biol Chem. 1989 Nov 25;264(33):19654–19658. [PubMed]
  • Kwon, NS; Nathan, CF; Stuehr, DJ. Reduced biopterin as a cofactor in the generation of nitrogen oxides by murine macrophages. J Biol Chem. 1989 Dec 5;264(34):20496–20501. [PubMed]
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  • Cho, HJ; Xie, QW; Calaycay, J; Mumford, RA; Swiderek, KM; Lee, TD; Nathan, C. Calmodulin is a subunit of nitric oxide synthase from macrophages. J Exp Med. 1992 Aug 1;176(2):599–604. [PubMed]
  • Moncada, S; Higgs, A. The L-arginine-nitric oxide pathway. N Engl J Med. 1993 Dec 30;329(27):2002–2012. [PubMed]
  • Nathan, C. Nitric oxide as a secretory product of mammalian cells. FASEB J. 1992 Sep;6(12):3051–3064. [PubMed]
  • Werner-Felmayer, G; Werner, ER; Fuchs, D; Hausen, A; Reibnegger, G; Wachter, H. Tetrahydrobiopterin-dependent formation of nitrite and nitrate in murine fibroblasts. J Exp Med. 1990 Dec 1;172(6):1599–1607. [PubMed]
  • Gross, SS; Levi, R. Tetrahydrobiopterin synthesis. An absolute requirement for cytokine-induced nitric oxide generation by vascular smooth muscle. J Biol Chem. 1992 Dec 25;267(36):25722–25729. [PubMed]
  • Werner-Felmayer, G; Werner, ER; Fuchs, D; Hausen, A; Reibnegger, G; Schmidt, K; Weiss, G; Wachter, H. Pteridine biosynthesis in human endothelial cells. Impact on nitric oxide-mediated formation of cyclic GMP. J Biol Chem. 1993 Jan 25;268(3):1842–1846. [PubMed]
  • Suschek, C; Rothe, H; Fehsel, K; Enczmann, J; Kolb-Bachofen, V. Induction of a macrophage-like nitric oxide synthase in cultured rat aortic endothelial cells. IL-1 beta-mediated induction regulated by tumor necrosis factor-alpha and IFN-gamma. J Immunol. 1993 Sep 15;151(6):3283–3291. [PubMed]
  • Yoshizumi, M; Perrella, MA; Burnett, JC, Jr; Lee, ME. Tumor necrosis factor downregulates an endothelial nitric oxide synthase mRNA by shortening its half-life. Circ Res. 1993 Jul;73(1):205–209. [PubMed]