Office of Civilian Radioactive Waste Management Civilian Radioactive Waste Management System Requirements Document Revision 06 September 2004 DI: DOE/RW-0406 REV 06 1. INTRODUCTION 1.1 IDENTIFICATION This document specifies the top-level requirements for the Civilian Radioactive Waste Management System (CRWMS). The document is referred to herein as the CRD, for CRWMS Requirements Document. 1.2 PURPOSE The CRD addresses the requirements of DOE Order 413.3, Program and Project Management for the Acquisition of Capital Assets, by providing the Secretarial Acquisition Executive (Level 0) scope baseline and the Program-level (Level 1) technical baseline. The Secretarial Acquisition Executive approves all of OCRWM’s critical decisions and changes against the Level 0 baseline; the OCRWM Director approves changes against the Level 1 baseline. These baselines establish the top-level technical scope of the CRMWS and its three projects, as described in section 1.3.2. In turn, organizations responsible for design, development, and operation of system elements described in this document will prepare subordinate project-level documents that are consistent with the CRD. Changes to requirements will be managed in accordance with established change control procedures. The CRD establishes requirements for the design, development, and operation of the CRWMS. It specifically addresses the top-level governing laws and regulations (e.g., Nuclear Waste Policy Act (NWPA), 10 CFR Part 63, 10 CFR Part 71, etc.) along with specific policy, performance requirements, interface requirements, and system architecture. The CRD shall be used as a vehicle to incorporate specific changes in technical scope or performance requirements that may have significant program implications. Such may include changes to the program mission, changes to operational capability, and high visibility stakeholder issues. The CRD uses a systems approach to: 1) identify key functions that the CRWMS must perform, 2) allocate top-level requirements derived from statutory, regulatory, and programmatic sources, and 3) define the basic elements of the system architecture and operational concept. Project- level documents address CRD requirements by further defining system element functions, decomposing requirements into significantly greater detail, and developing designs of system components, facilities, and equipment. The CRD addresses the identification and control of functional, physical, and operational boundaries between and within CRWMS elements. The CRD establishes requirements regarding key interfaces between the CRWMS and elements external to the CRWMS. Project elements define interfaces between CRWMS program elements. The Program has developed a change management process consistent with DOE Order 413.3. Changes to the Secretarial Acquisition Executive and Program-level baselines must be approved by a Program Baseline Change Control Board. Specific thresholds have been established for identifying technical, cost, and schedule changes that require approval. The CRWMS continually evaluates system design and operational concepts to optimize performance and/or cost. The Program has developed systems analysis tools to assess potential enhancements to the physical system and to determine the impacts from cost saving initiatives, scientific and technological improvements, and engineering developments. The results of systems analyses, if appropriate, are factored into revisions to the CRD as revised Programmatic Requirements. 1.3 SYSTEM OVERVIEW The mission and waste management concept of the system and system elements are described in this section. 1.3.1 CRWMS Mission The NWPA assigned the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) the mission to develop and operate an integrated waste management system for acceptance, transportation, and disposal of Spent Nuclear Fuel (SNF) and High-Level Radioactive Waste (HLW). The NWPA also established the Office of Civilian Radioactive Waste Management (RW) to carry out that mission. RW, in turn, is developing the CRWMS as the operational and physical system capable of performing the integrated management system functions. The mission of the CRWMS is to manage and dispose of SNF and HLW in a manner that protects the health, safety and the environment; enhances national and energy security; and merits public confidence. The CRWMS is developing a monitored geologic repository (MGR) at Yucca Mountain, Nevada – a site recommended by the President and approved by Congress in July 2002. The MGR is being licensed to dispose of 70,000 metric tons of SNF and HLW, as authorized by the NWPA, Section 114(d). Projections of SNF and HLW that are expected to be generated indicate that significantly more than 70,000 metric tons will require geologic disposal. Although RW has analyzed the impacts of disposal of more than 70,000 metric tons in a single repository, RW will request a license from the Nuclear Regulatory Commission for emplacement of only 70,000 metric tons. In accordance with the Nuclear Waste Policy Act, the Secretary of Energy will report to Congress on the need for a second repository between January 1, 2007, and January 1, 2010. The report will consider the total projected future inventory of SNF and HLW, the physical capacity of the first repository site at Yucca Mountain, and the capabilities of existing and future waste form development technologies. 1.3.2 Waste Management System Concept The mission of the CRWMS is accomplished by three system elements: Waste Acceptance, Transportation, and Monitored Geologic Repository. These system elements work in conjunction with each other to fulfill a variety of functional and performance requirements intended to make the transportation and disposal of SNF and HLW in a geologic medium safe, environmentally acceptable, and cost effective. The CRWMS will provide appropriately documented conformance verification, accountability, and traceability of the SNF and HLW from initial acceptance to final closure of the MGR. CRWMS Waste Acceptance Element Transportation Element MGR Element Figure 1. CRWMS Architecture The responsibilities of each element are summarized below: • The Waste Acceptance element is the primary interface with Purchasers (non-Federal entities who have entered into a contractual agreement with DOE), Custodians (government entities possessing SNF considered candidate for disposal), and Producers (generators of HLW). The element establishes the waste acceptance and waste form requirements; manages the contract/agreement process; accepts title to the waste; and maintains records of CRWMS capacity, SNF/HLW quantities, location and characteristics. • The Transportation element is responsible for designing, acquiring, constructing, operating, and maintaining the infrastructure necessary to transport SNF and HLW from Purchaser/Custodian/Producer sites to the Monitored Geologic Repository. This element is also responsible for establishing the institutional relations with industry, States, tribes, and local governments needed to support the Transportation mission. • The Monitored Geologic Repository element is responsible for designing, licensing, constructing, operating, and permanently closing the geologic repository at the Yucca Mountain site to emplace and isolate 70,000 metric tons of SNF and HLW. The CRWMS architecture is influenced by supporting elements that ensure a systems approach is utilized in the development, evolution, and acquisition of the system elements. These supporting elements ensure that continued, ongoing enhancements are factored into all Program activities, including: • Systems Analysis and Strategy Development supporting element implements technical management approaches at the Program-level and provides policy guidance to system elements. These approaches include top-level design and operations concept system analyses and analyses of total system life cycle costs of the CRWMS. • Science and Technology and International supporting element evaluates alternative, cutting-edge technologies and improved scientific methodologies, and recommends initiatives for implementation to system elements for further development. This supporting element also monitors international approaches to waste management and incorporates beneficial plans, policies, and techniques into the CRWMS. 2. REQUIREMENTS IMPLEMENTATION 2.1 QUALITY ASSURANCE DOCUMENTATION The requirements defined in Section 3 will be met by the engineering development of a variety of structures, systems, and components (SSCs). The appropriate classification of SSCs and the engineering documentation produced to meet the requirements are prepared in accordance with each system element’s applicable quality assurance program. 2.2 CONFORMANCE VERIFICATION Documentation will be produced for each system element that further defines and implements the requirements defined in Section 3 and will provide an explanation of how the requirements allocated to that element have been satisfied. The methods selected for conformance verification should be consistent with the Civilian Radioactive Waste Management Major System Management Policy (DOE/RW-0528). 2.3 REQUIREMENT APPLICABILITY Consistent with DOE HQ Order 250.1, Civilian Radioactive Waste Management Facilities-- Exemption from Departmental Directives, and unless otherwise indicated in Section 3 of this document, whenever applicable Departmental requirements overlap or duplicate applicable requirements of the Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) related to radiation protection, nuclear safety (including quality assurance), and safeguards and security of nuclear material, NRC requirements alone will apply to the design, construction, operation, and decommissioning of CRWMS facilities. 3. REQUIREMENTS 3.1 PROGRAMMATIC AND REGULATORY REQUIREMENTS 3.1.1 Programmatic Requirements This section identifies the requirements derived from Program policies. A. The Level 0 Scope Baseline of the CRWMS shall be defined as “Construct a repository that is licensed by the Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) for the permanent disposal of 70,000 MTHM of high-level radioactive waste and spent nuclear fuel at the Yucca Mountain site. Acquire the transportation and waste acceptance systems and services needed to perform repository operations safely.” Level 0 cost and schedule requirements that are part of the integrated scope, cost and schedule system are defined in DOE/RW-0562, Program Phase-2 Cost and Schedule Baseline. Procedures and thresholds for changing these requirements are documented in procedure LP-PMC-009- OCRWM, Program Change Control. B. All subordinate Project-level documents prepared to address the design, development, and operation of system elements shall be fully consistent with the CRD. C. All CRWMS elements shall conduct their activities consistent with the technical management approach defined in the Civilian Radioactive Waste Management Major System Management Policy (DOE/RW-0528). D. All CRWMS elements shall comply with the applicable principles of the “Joint Convention on the Safety of Spent Fuel Management and on the Safety of Radioactive Waste Management” (IAEA 1997). E. All CRWMS elements shall encourage the use of vendors and suppliers located within close proximity to planned facilities. F. Starting in 2005, OCRWM shall periodically conduct “bottoms-up” Total System Life Cycle Cost analyses with separate analyses for: a) the currently authorized legislative limit for the first repository and b) future inventories of SNF and HLW as projected by the Energy Information Administration, Office of Environmental Management, and Naval Reactors. G. All CRWMS elements shall adopt initiatives and practices (e.g., value engineering) that ensure cost reduction and savings during its planning, design, construction, and operational phases consistent with DOE Order O 413.1A, Management Control Program. All CRWMS organizations shall participate in annual management reviews of cost reduction goals, including science and technology initiatives. H. All CRWMS organizations shall participate in annual independent cost estimating reviews. As part of these reviews, each organization shall assess the effectiveness of cost reduction goals and develop approaches to integrate science, technology, and operational advancements into cost savings. I. The CRWMS evaluation on the need for a second repository, in accordance with NWPA Section 161(b), shall consider the following factors: the total projected inventory of all spent nuclear fuel and high-level radioactive waste, the ability to expand the first repository, and potential alternative technologies for waste management. 3.1.2 Primary Regulatory Requirements This section identifies the primary requirements of the CRWMS as established by the Federal laws and regulations that define them. A. All CRWMS elements shall comply with the applicable provisions of 42 U.S.C. 10101 et seq., “The Nuclear Waste Policy Act of 1982” as amended. B. All CRWMS elements shall comply with the applicable provisions of 10 CFR Part 20, “Standards for Protection Against Radiation.” C. All CRWMS elements shall ensure that commercial SNF and HLW is managed in accordance with 10 CFR Part 961, “Standard Contract for Disposal of Spent Nuclear Fuel and/or High-Level Radioactive Waste.” D. All CRWMS shall comply with the applicable provisions of 29 CFR Part 1910, “Occupational Safety and Health Standards” and 29 CFR Part 1926, “Safety and Health Regulations for Construction”. E. The CRWMS elements shall comply with applicable provisions of 10 CFR Part 75, “Safeguards on Nuclear Materials-Implementation of U.S./IAEA Agreement.” F. All CRWMS elements and facilities shall ensure the physical protection of SNF and HLW while in their possession or custody in accordance with all applicable safeguards and security requirements. G. All CRWMS elements shall comply with Executive Order 13123 of June 3, 1999, “Greening the Government through Efficient Energy Management” (64 FR 30851). 3.2 OVERALL SYSTEM-LEVEL REQUIREMENTS 3.2.1 Overall System Performance A. The CRWMS shall be designed to accept, transport, and dispose of commercial SNF, DOE SNF, vitrified defense HLW, and vitrified commercial HLW, in accordance with the NWPA and implementing regulations. B. The CRWMS shall be capable of receiving SNF and HLW at the annual receipt rates are specified in Table 1. Table 1. CRWMS Receipt Rates1,2, 3 (in MTHM or Equivalent/Year (nominal)) Year Commercial SNF and HLW Government-managed Nuclear Materials Received Annually at Repository Received Annually at Repository 2010 400 Naval SNF - 3 canisters DOE SNF and DHLW4 2011 600 Naval SNF -3 canisters DOE SNF and DHLW 4 2012 1,200 Naval SNF -6 canisters DOE SNF and DHLW 4 2013 2,000 Naval SNF -6 canisters DOE SNF and DHLW 4 2014 3,000 Naval SNF – 12 canisters DOE SNF and DHLW 4 2015-2032 3,000 [Balance of naval SNF, DOE SNF, and DHLW within planning allocation]2033 1,800 TOTAL 63,000 7,000 1 The actual operational load is a function of the numbers, types and sizes of casks and canisters in which the SNF and HLW are accepted from the points of origin. Since these specific numbers will not be determined until Purchaser/Producer/Custodian agreements are reached and schedules are established, the receipt rates are estimated in terms of desired systems-level MTHM acceptance rates. 2 The receipt schedule of Government-managed nuclear materials will be provided by the DOE Office of Environmental Management (EM) and the Naval Nuclear Propulsion Program (NNPP), in accordance with memoranda of agreement (MOA), 5 years prior to acceptance. For planning purposes, naval SNF is to be included among the earliest shipments to the repository. 3 The rates in this schedule are targets only and do not create any binding legal obligation on the Department of Energy. 4 Target receipt rates for these wastes will be further defined in the Integrated Acceptance Schedule developed in accordance with the RW/NNPP and RW/EM MOAs. C. The CRWMS shall accept 70,000 MTHM or equivalent of SNF/HLW for disposal in the first repository as authorized by the NWPA, Section 114(d). The allocation, by waste type, is specified in Table 2. Table 2. Amount of SNF/HLW To Be Accepted in First Repository (in MTHM or Equivalent) Type Amount Commercial SNF and HLW 63,000 Defense HLW 4,667 DOE and naval SNF 2,333 Total 70,000 D. The CRWMS shall only accept, transport, and dispose of SNF or HLW that is not subject to regulation as hazardous waste under the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act of 1976 (RCRA) Subtitle C in the first geologic repository licensed by NRC under the NWPA. E. CRWMS elements and facilities shall be capable of accommodating a range of storage and transportation technologies, including multipurpose, dual-purpose, and single-purpose canisters, as well as bare SNF assemblies. F. CRWMS facilities shall be capable of opening sealed storage/transportable commercial canisters, handling the SNF, and managing associated site generated waste streams. G. The CRWMS design shall comply with the agreements established under the Integrated Interface Control Document (DOE/RW-0511) to ensure: 1. compatibility of DOE-owned SNF and HLW waste forms with MGR surface facility interfaces, including canister handling interfaces, and 2. compatibility between transportation equipment (e.g., transporters) and transported items (e.g., casks and canisters) with mechanical and envelop interfaces. H. The CRWMS is responsible for the transport of DOE SNF and HLW in casks certified by the NRC. NNPP is responsible for canistering and transporting naval SNF to the repository. I. CRWMS facilities shall manage hazardous, nonhazardous, and mixed radioactive wastes in a cost effective manner that meets or exceeds compliance with applicable regulations and protects the health and safety of the public, workers, and the environment consistent with DOE Order O 450.1, Environmental Protection Program. J. All CRWMS element structures, systems, and components shall be designed and fabricated in accordance with appropriate industry codes, standards, and engineering principles and practices with particular attention to those which incorporate system safety, human factors, reliability, availability, maintainability, habitability standards, and environmental protection. 3.3 WASTE ACCEPTANCE AND TRANSPORTATION ELEMENTS REQUIREMENTS 3.3.1 Waste Acceptance Element Requirements This section contains the requirements allocated to the Waste Acceptance Element. A. The Waste Acceptance Element shall be capable of planning, scheduling, and accepting commercial SNF as described in 10 CFR Part 961, “Standard Contract for Disposal of Spent Nuclear Fuel and/or High-Level Radioactive Waste.” B. The Waste Acceptance Element shall be capable of accepting HLW and DOE SNF as required in the EM/RW MOA (Owendoff and Barrett 1999), and naval SNF as required in the NNPP/RW MOA (Bowman and Itkin 2000), from the Producer/Custodian sites to the MGR. C. The Waste Acceptance Element shall collect necessary information in support of CRWMS activities. The type of data required includes, but is not limited to, the following: 1. Contracts and Fees Information - Purchaser Contracts; Custodian and Producer Agreements and changes thereto; records of fee payments. 2. Planning and Scheduling Information - Delivery Commitment Schedules (DCS), DCS Exchanges, Final Delivery Schedules, integrated Acceptance Schedule developed in accordance with the EM/RW and NNPP/RW MOAs (Owendoff and Barrett 1999; Bowman and Itkin 2000), Purchaser and Custodian SNF data, campaign schedules, acceptance, transportation, delivery, storage, and emplacement schedules, current projections of the full inventory of SNF and HLW expected to require disposal. 3. Operations Support Information - Characterization data for Purchaser and Custodian SNF and Producer waste sufficient to satisfy 10 CFR Part 63.21(c)(4), loading safeguards verification data. 4. Safeguards and Security Information - Nuclear Material Transaction reports (reports (10 CFR Part 74.15(a)), Nuclear Material Balance reports (10 CFR Part 75.35(a)), and other information specifically agreed to (e.g., verification forms). D. Waste Acceptance shall validate title and/or transfer of responsibility and custody documentation from the Purchasers/Producers/Custodians. E. Acceptance of West Valley Demonstration Project (WVDP) Commercial High- Level Radioactive Waste (CHLW), presently owned by the New York State Energy Research and Development Authority (NYSERDA), is contingent upon NYSERDA executing an acceptance and disposal contract, and paying a fee as required under the NWPA. Title: Civilian Radioactive Waste Management System Requirements Document Page: 12 DI: DOE/RW-0406 REV 06I 3.3.2 Transportation Element Requirements A. The Transportation Element shall comply with the applicable provisions 42 U.S.C. 4321 et seq., “The National Environmental Policy Act of 1969” as amended. B. The Transportation Element shall comply with the applicable provisions of 10 CFR Part 71, “Packaging and Transportation of Radioactive Material.” C. The Transportation Element shall comply with the applicable provisions of DOT regulations as documented in Title 49 of the Code of Federal Regulations. D. The Transportation Element shall comply with all applicable DOE Orders and Directives, including those in the areas of radiation protection, safeguards and security, physical protection, material control and accounting, contingency, and quality assurance. E. The Transportation Element shall be capable of transporting NRC-certified transportation casks (defined in Appendix A), including the following general types: • Single-Purpose Casks • Canister Casks (Multipurpose Canister (MPC) and Dual-Purpose Canister (DPC)) • Transportable Storage Casks (TSCs) • HLW Casks • Specialty Casks F. The Transportation Element shall comply with all applicable provisions of 10 CFR Part 961, “Standard Contract for Disposal of Spent Nuclear Fuel and/or High-Level Radioactive Waste.” 3.4 MGR ELEMENT REQUIREMENTS This section contains the requirements allocated to the MGR Element. A. The MGR shall comply with all applicable provisions of 10 CFR Part 961, “Standard Contract for Disposal of Spent Nuclear Fuel and/or High-Level Radioactive Waste.” B. The MGR shall comply with the requirements of the Nuclear Regulatory Commission (10 CFR Part 63) and the Environmental Protection Agency (40 CFR Part 197). C. The MGR shall be designed to be capable of accommodating emplacement of 70,000 MTHM or equivalent of SNF and HLW, as specified in the Nuclear Waste Policy Act, without precluding the ability to accept additional quantities of nuclear waste up to the projected inventory in the Final Environmental Impact Statement for a Geologic Repository for the Disposal of SNF and HLW at Yucca Mountain, Nye County, Nevada (DOE/EIS-0250). D. For the full range of operating conditions, the MGR shall be designed not to preclude permanent closure for up to 300 years from the start of waste emplacement. E. The MGR shall ensure the physical protection of SNF and HLW received at the repository for disposal in accordance with the safeguards and security requirements in 10 CFR Part 63.21(b)(3), the applicable material control and accounting provisions of 10 CFR Part 63.78, the safeguards information protection provisions in 10 CFR Part 73.21, and any applicable interim compensatory measures issued by the NRC. F. The MGR shall have the capability to initiate emplacement in 2010. 4. REFERENCES 4.1 DOCUMENTS CITED Bowman, F.L. and Itkin, I. 2000. Memorandum of Agreement for Acceptance of Naval Spent Nuclear Fuel. Memorandum of Agreement between the Director, Naval Nuclear Propulsion Program (NNPP), Department of the Navy, Arlington, VA and the Director, Office of Civilian Radioactive Waste Management (RW), U.S. Department of Energy (DOE). Washington, D.C., Revision 1, April 11, 2000. ACC: HQP.20000628.0006. DOE (U.S. Department of Energy) 2000. Civilian Radioactive Waste Management Major System Management Policy. DOE/RW-0528. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Civilian Radioactive Waste Management. ACC: MOL.20000824.0676. DOE 2002. Final Environmental Impact Statement for a Geologic Repository for the Disposal of Spent Nuclear Fuel and High-Level Radioactive Waste at Yucca Mountain, Nye County, Nevada. DOE/EIS-0250. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Civilian Radioactive Waste Management. ACC: MOL.20020524.0314; through; MOL.20020524.0320. DOE 2002. U.S. Department of Energy Spent Nuclear Fuel and High-Level Radioactive Waste to the Monitored Geologic Repository. Volume 1 of Integrated Interface Control Document. DOE/RW-0511 Rev. 01. Las Vegas, Nevada: U.S. Department of Energy. ACC: MOL.20020614.0342. DOE 2004. Program Phase-2 Cost and Schedule Baseline. DOE/RW-0562, Rev. 1, ICN 0. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Civilian Radioactive Waste Management. ACC: HQO.20040205.0005. IAEA (International Atomic Energy Agency) 1997. Joint Convention on the Safety of Spent Fuel Management and on the Safety of Radioactive Waste Management. INFCIRC/546. Vienna, Austria: International Atomic Energy Agency. ACC: _] Owendoff, J.M. and Barrett, L.H. 1999. Memorandum of Agreement for Acceptance of Department of Energy Spent Nuclear Fuel and High-Level Radioactive Waste. Memorandum of Agreement between the Assistant Secretary for Environmental Management (EM), U.S. Department of Energy, Washington D.C. and the Director, Office of Civilian Radioactive Waste Management (RW), U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Washington, D.C., Revision 01. ACC: HQP.19990701.0003. 4.2 CODES, STANDARDS, REGULATIONS, AND PROCEDURES 10 CFR Part 20. Energy: Standards for Protection Against Radiation. Readily available. 10 CFR Part 63. Energy: Disposal of High-Level Radioactive Wastes in a Geologic Repository at Yucca Mountain, Nevada. Readily available. 10 CFR Part 70. Energy: Domestic Licensing of Special Nuclear Material. Readily available. 10 CFR Part 71. Energy: Packaging and Transportation of Radioactive Material. Readily Available. 10 CFR Part 72. Energy: Licensing Requirements for the Independent Storage of Spent Nuclear Fuel and High-Level Radioactive Waste. Readily available. 10 CFR Part 73. Energy: Physical Protection of Plants and Materials. Readily available. 10 CFR Part 74. Energy: Material Control and Accounting of Special Nuclear Material. Readily available. 10 CFR Part 75. Energy: Safeguards on Nuclear Material – Implementation of US/IAEA Agreement. Readily available. 10 CFR Part 961. 1994. Energy: Standard Contract for Disposal of Spent Nuclear Fuel and/or High-Level Radioactive Waste. Readily available. 29 CFR Part 1910. Labor: Occupational Safety and Health Standards. Readily available. 29 CFR 1926. Labor: Safety and Health Regulations for Construction. Readily available. 40 CFR Part 197. 2001. Protection of Environment: Public Health and Environmental Radiation Protection Standards for Yucca Mountain, Nevada. Readily available. 40 CFR 261. Protection of Environment: Identification and Listing of Hazardous Waste. Readily available. 40 CFR Part 264. Protection of Environment: Standards for Owners and Operators of Hazardous Waste Treatment, Storage, and Disposal Facilities. Readily available. 64 FR 30851. Greening the Government Through Efficient Energy Management. Executive Order 13123. Readily available. Atomic Energy Act of 1954. 42 U.S.C. 2011 et seq. Readily available. Title: Civilian Radioactive Waste Management System Requirements Document Page: 16 DI: DOE/RW-0406 REV 06I DOE HQ O 250.1. 1998. Civilian Radioactive Waste Management Facilities -- Exemption from Departmental Directives. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Energy. Readily available. DOE O 413.1A. 2002. Management Control Program. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Energy. Readily available. DOE O 413.3. 2000. Program and Project Management for the Acquisition of Capital Assets. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Energy. Readily available. DOE O 450.1. 2003. Environmental Protection Program. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Energy. Readily available. LP-PMC-009-OCRWM, Rev 0. Program Change Control. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Civilian Radioactive Waste Management. ACC: DOC.20040310.0002 National Environmental Policy Act of 1969. 42 U.S.C. 4321 et seq. Readily available. Nuclear Waste Policy Act of 1982. 42 U.S.C. 10101 et seq. Readily available. Resource Conservation and Recovery Act of 1976. 42 U.S.C. 6901 et seq. Readily available. INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK APPENDIX A DEFINITIONS INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK DEFINITIONS A.1 GLOSSARY This section provides definitions of key terms used in the CRD. Rather than requirements, the purpose of these definitions is to ensure consistency when describing the CRWMS and its requirements. Acceptance, as used in this document, is the process by which the CRWMS will take title and/or responsibility and custody and physical possession of SNF or HLW from the Purchaser/Producer/ Custodian. Conceptually, acceptance is accomplished by execution of the Accept and Transport Waste functions. Specifically, acceptance is the planning, preparation, and completion of the documentation necessary to transfer title and/or responsibility and custody. Any actual handling of the SNF and HLW related to their transfer is accomplished by other CRWMS elements: primarily the Waste Acceptance and Transportation element and/or the Purchaser/Producer/ Custodian. Architecture is the physical system to be built, found, or selected to perform a function subject to its stated requirements. Canister is the structure surrounding the waste form (e.g., HLW immobilized in borosilicate glass) that facilitates handling, storage, transportation, and/or disposal. A canister is a metal receptacle with the following purpose: (1) for solidified HLW, its purpose is a pour mold and (2) for SNF, it may provide structural support for intact SNF, loose rods, nonfuel components, or confinement of radionuclides. Cask is a container for shipping or storing spent nuclear fuel and/or canistered high-level waste that meets all applicable regulatory requirements. The following types of casks are utilized by the CRWMS: 1. Single-Purpose Casks - These transportation casks are primarily intended for transporting uncanistered, standard and nonstandard SNF from Purchaser/Custodian sites to a CRWMS site. 2. Canister Casks - These transportation casks are for transporting canisters (MPC or DPC) containing SNF from Purchaser/Custodian sites to CRWMS sites and between CRWMS sites. 3. Transportable Storage Casks (TSCs) - These transportation casks are for storing uncanistered SNF at Purchaser sites and for transporting SNF from Purchaser sites to CRWMS facilities. 4. HLW Casks - These transportation casks are for transporting commercial and defense HLW from Producer sites to the MGR. 5. Specialty Casks - These transportation casks are for transporting nonstandard SNF, and/or fuel related hardware, and/or failed fuel from Purchaser/Custodian sites to the MGR. Civilian Radioactive Waste Management System (CRWMS) is the composite of sites, facilities, systems, equipment, materials, information, activities, and personnel required to perform those activities necessary to manage spent nuclear fuel and high-level radioactive waste disposal. Commercial High-Level Radioactive Waste (CHLW) is the high-level radioactive waste, as defined by NWPA 42 U.S.C. 10101(12), resulting from reprocessing spent nuclear fuel in a commercial facility. Commercial Spent Nuclear Fuel is SNF resulting from operation of a commercial nuclear power reactor. Specifically in this document, SNF includes (1) intact, non-defective fuel assemblies; (2) failed fuel assemblies in canisters; (3) fuel assemblies in canisters; (4) consolidated fuel rods in canisters; (5) nonfuel components inserted in PWR fuel assemblies, including, but not limited to, control rod assemblies, burnable poison assemblies, thimble plug assemblies, neutron source assemblies, and instrumentation assemblies; (6) fuel channels attached to BWR fuel assemblies; and (7) nonfuel components and structural parts of assemblies in canisters. Conformance Verification is the process used to determine that systems comply with CRWMS requirements or to demonstrate that SNF and/or HLW are in accordance with CRWMS acceptance criteria. Contract is the agreement set forth in 10 CFR Part 961.11 and any duly executed amendment or modification thereto. Custodian means any government agency that possesses spent nuclear fuel that is eligible for disposal in the CRWMS. Defense High-Level Radioactive Waste (DHLW) is the high-level radioactive waste, as defined by NWPA 42 U.S.C. 10101(12), resulting from reprocessing spent nuclear fuel in a defense facility. Disposal is the emplacement of radioactive wastes in a geologic repository with the intent of leaving it there permanently. (As defined in 10 CFR Part 63.2.) Disposal means the emplacement of high-level radioactive waste, spent nuclear fuel, or other highly radioactive material in a repository with no foreseeable intent of recovery, whether or not such emplacement permits the recovery of such waste. (As defined in 10 CFR Part 961.11 and NWPA 42 .U.S.C 10101(9).) Dispose of means the sum of the functions performed by the CRWMS to accept, transport, store, emplace, and isolate waste. DOE-Owned Spent Nuclear Fuel (DOE SNF) is SNF that is currently managed by DOE, and includes fuel that has been withdrawn from a nuclear reactor following irradiation, the constituent elements of which have not been separated. DOE SNF includes, but is not limited to, production reactor fuel, research reactor fuel, naval fuel, and some fuel from commercial power reactors. Dual-Purpose Canister (DPC) - refers to a sealed, metallic container maintaining multiple SNF assemblies in a dry, inert environment and overpacked separately and uniquely for storage and transportation or storage and disposal. Function is a primary statement of purpose; it defines what a system or subsystem must accomplish to meet the system mission. Geologic Repository is a system that is intended to be used for, or may be used for, the disposal of radioactive wastes in excavated geologic media. A geologic repository includes the engineered barrier system and the portion of the geologic setting that provides isolation of the radioactive waste. (As defined in 10 CFR Part 63.2.) Geologic Repository Operations Area (GROA) is a high-level radioactive waste facility that is part of a geologic repository, including both surface and subsurface areas, where waste handling activities are conducted. (As defined in 10 CFR Part 63.2.) Government-Managed Nuclear Materials comprises DOE SNF, naval SNF, and HLW (commercial and defense). Hazardous waste means any solid waste that exhibits certain characteristics, including corrosivity, ignitability, reactivity, or toxicity, or is specifically listed by the Environmental Protection Agency in its regulations under 40 CFR Part 264. EPA regulations under 40 Part CFR 261, et seq. implement the statutory provisions of the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act. High-Level Radioactive Waste (HLW) means (1) the highly radioactive material resulting from the reprocessing of spent nuclear fuel, including liquid waste produced directly in reprocessing and any solid material derived from such liquid waste that contains fission products in sufficient concentrations; and (2) other highly radioactive material that the Nuclear Regulatory Commission, consistent with existing law, determines by rule requires permanent isolation. (Items) Important to Safety with reference to structures, systems, and components, means those engineered features of the geologic repository whose function is: (1) To provide reasonable assurance that high-level waste can be received, handled, packaged, stored, emplaced, and retrieved without exceeding the requirements of 10 CFR Part 63.111(b)(1) for Category 1 event sequences; or (2) To prevent or mitigate Category 2 event sequences that could result in radiological exposures exceeding the values specified in 10 CFR Part 63.111 (b)(2)to any individual located on or beyond any point on the boundary of the site . (Items) Important to Waste Isolation, with reference to design of the engineered barrier system and characterization of natural barriers, means those engineered and natural barriers whose function is to provide a reasonable expectation that high-level waste can be disposed without exceeding the requirements of 10 CFR Part 63 .113 (b) and (c). Interface Requirement means a requirement that applies to the inputs to, or outputs from, the function; or the physical connection or dependence between architectural items. Interim compensatory measures (ICMs) are steps in the Orders issued by NRC in response to the September 11th terrorist incidents directing licensees to take immediate action until vulnerability studies are completed and further security enhancements can be determined. ICMs are considered sensitive information and therefore are unavailable to the public. Isolation is inhibiting the transport of radioactive material to: (1) The location of the reasonably maximally exposed individual so that radiological exposures will not exceed the requirements of 63.113(b); and (2) The accessible environment so that releases of radionuclides into the accessible environment will not exceed the requirements of 63.113 (c). (As defined in 10 CFR Part 63.2.) Metric Tons Heavy Metal (MTHM), as used in this document, refers to the quantity of heavy metal as used in NWPA, or equivalent. Mixed waste means any solid waste that is comprised of both hazardous waste and radioactive waste constituents. Multipurpose Canister (MPC) refers to a sealed, metallic container maintaining multiple SNF assemblies in a dry, inert environment and overpacked for the various system elements of storage, transportation, and disposal. Naval SNF is DOE SNF that is currently managed by NNPP, and is fuel that has been withdrawn from a nuclear reactor following irradiation, the constituent elements of which have not been separated. Naval SNF will be placed in sealed canisters designed specifically for storage, transportation, and disposal. Overpack is a structural component used to hold and protect the MPC or DPC so that the combination meets the NRC requirements for its application. There are several types of overpacks: one for transportation, 10 CFR Part 71; one for transfer, 10 CFR Part 72; one for storage, 10 CFR Part 72. An overpack is designed for its particular use in conjunction with the MPC or DPC. Owner is any person who has title and/or responsibility and custody to spent nuclear fuel or high-level radioactive waste. (As defined in 10 CFR Part 961.3.) Package is the packaging together with its radioactive contents as presented for transport. (As defined in 10 CFR Part 71.4.) Packaging is the assembly of components necessary to ensure compliance with packaging requirements of 10 CFR Part 71. It may consist of one or more receptacles, absorbent materials, spacing structures, thermal insulation, radiation shielding, and devices for cooling or absorbing mechanical shocks. The vehicle, tie-down system, and auxiliary equipment may be designated as part of the packaging. (As defined in 10 CFR Part 71.4.) Performance Requirement means a defined capability the CRWMS or one of its elements must have to accomplish its allocated functions. Physical System means the CRWMS consisting of the composite of the sites, and all facilities, systems, equipment, materials, information, activities, and the personnel required to perform those activities comprising the “Dispose of Waste” function. Producer is any generator of high-level radioactive waste resulting from atomic energy defense activities or any producer of vitrified commercial HLW who has executed an acceptance and disposal contract. For purposes of this document, WVDP, which has commercial HLW, will be considered a "Producer" only when an acceptance and disposal contract is executed. Purchaser is any person, other than a Federal agency, who is licensed by the NRC to use a utilization or production facility under the authority of Sections 103 or 104 of the Atomic Energy Act of 1954 (42 .U.S.C 2133, 2134), or who has title to SNF or HLW and who has executed a contract or other contractual agreement with DOE. Purchaser SNF includes Government-owned SNF from commercial industry and civilian development programs for which fees have been paid under the Standard Contract, 10 CFR Part 961. Repository is synonymous with geologic repository. Requirement is a qualitative or quantitative statement of how well a function must be performed. Safeguards Verification is the process used to demonstrate that for all special nuclear material (as defined in 10 CFR Part 70), appropriate safeguards are in place. Shipment is the movement of the properly prepared (loaded, unloaded, or empty) cask from one site to another and all associated regulatory activities. Special Nuclear Material means (1) plutonium, uranium 233, uranium enriched in the isotope 233 or in the isotope 235, and any other material that the NRC, pursuant to the provisions of Section 51 of the Atomic Energy Act of 1954 as amended, determines to be special nuclear material (does not include source material); or (2) any material artificially enriched by any of the foregoing (does not include source material). (As defined in 10 CFR Part 70.4.) Spent Nuclear Fuel (SNF) is fuel that has been withdrawn from a nuclear reactor following irradiation, the constituent elements of which have not been separated by reprocessing. (As defined in NWPA 42 U.S.C. 10101(23) and 10 CFR Part 961.11.) Structures, Systems, and Components, or SSCs, is a general term that means the standard English definition of those individual words. In this document, if and when SSC is used in a way that requires any qualification, such as “important to safety” or “important to waste isolation,” that qualifier will also be provided. System Element refers to any of the three major systems required to accomplish the functions of the CRWMS. The three system elements are Waste Acceptance, Transportation, and MGR. This differs from the “project” that may be initiated by DOE to manage and control development of one or more system elements. Technical Baseline is a configuration identification document, or set of such documents, that is formally designated and approved at a specific time. Within the CRWMS, technical baseline is composed of, and evolves through, the functional and technical requirements baseline that is presented in the CRD, the design requirements baseline, the final design baseline, and the as- built baseline. Transportation Cask is a container for shipping spent nuclear fuel and/or high-level radioactive waste that meets all applicable regulatory requirements. Transporter is a cargo-carrying vehicle used for transportation of cargo. It includes semitrailers, rail cars, intermodal transportation skids and equipment such as a tie-down components, personnel barriers, etc., needed to make the loaded cargo-carrying vehicle transport-ready. Waste Acceptance is the system element or organization that manages the Accept Waste function which includes acceptance of SNF and HLW into the CRWMS from the Purchaser/ Custodian/Producer of such waste. Waste Form is the radioactive waste materials and any encapsulating or stabilizing matrix. (As defined in 10 CFR Part 63.2.) A.2 ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS This section provides a listing of acronyms and abbreviations used in the CRD, along with their definitions. A B BCP Baseline Change Proposal BWR Boiling Water Reactor C CFR Code of Federal Regulations CHLW Commercial High-Level Radioactive Waste CRD CRWMS Requirements Document CRWMS Civilian Radioactive Waste Management System D DCN Document Change Notice DCS Delivery Commitment Schedule DHLW Defense High-Level Radioactive Waste DOE U.S. Department of Energy DOT U.S. Department of Transportation DPC Dual Purpose Canister E EIS Environmental Impact Statement EM DOE/Office of Environmental Management EPA U.S. Environmental Protection Agency F FR Federal Register H HLW High-Level Radioactive Waste I IAEA International Atomic Energy Agency ICN Interim Change Notice ICM Interim compensatory measures K M MGR Monitored Geologic Repository MOA Memorandum of Agreement MPC Multipurpose Canister MTHM Metric Tons Heavy Metal N NNPP Naval Nuclear Propulsion Program NRC Nuclear Regulatory Commission NWPA Nuclear Waste Policy Act of 1982 NYSERDA New York State Energy Research and Development Authority O OCRWM Office of Civilian Radioactive Waste Management P PWR Pressurized Water Reactor Q QA Quality Assurance QARD Quality Assurance Requirements and Description R RCRA Resource Conservation and Recovery Act RW Office of Civilian Radioactive Waste Management S SNF Spent Nuclear Fuel SR Site Recommendation SRD System Requirements Document SSCs Structures, Systems, and Components T TSC Transportable Storage Cask U U.S.C. United States Code W WASRD Waste Acceptance System Requirements Document WVDP West Valley Demonstration Project Y YMSCO Yucca Mountain Site Characterization Office (known now as the Office of Repository Development) DI: DOE/RW-0406 REV 06 BLANK PAGE This publication was produced by the U.S. Department of Energy’s Office of Civilian Radioactive Waste Management (OCRWM) For further information, contact: Office of Repository Development U.S. Department of Energy Yucca Mountain Site Characterization Office P.O. Box 30307 North Las Vegas, Nevada 89036-0307 Or call: 1-800-225-NWPA (6972)