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1. The Evolution of a Collaborative Authoring System for Non-Linear Hypertext: A Design-Based Research Study (EJ794659)
Author(s):
Strobel, Johannes; Jonassen, David H.; Ionas, Ioan Gelu
Source:
Computers & Education, v51 n1 p67-85 Aug 2008
Pub Date:
2008-08-00
Pub Type(s):
Journal Articles; Reports - Research
Peer-Reviewed:
Yes
Descriptors: Research Methodology; Hypermedia; Information Systems; Statistical Analysis; Computer Software; Use Studies; Case Method (Teaching Technique); Computer System Design; Perspective Taking; Attitude Change; Concept Formation; Instructional Design; Student Attitudes
Abstract: Learning in complex and ill-structured knowledge domains requires accommodation of multiple perspectives embedded in authentic activities and the reconciliation of those perspectives with personal beliefs resulting in conceptual change. Cognitive flexibility hypertext systems support that process by enabling learners to explore authentic cases from multiple thematic perspective. Study 1 showed that knowledge exploration alone is insufficient to engage those conceptual change processes. So we reasoned that providing learners with environments that engage more constructive, personal knowledge representation activities would better support conceptual change. However, these environments rarely support learners in structuring, integrating, and representing their personal beliefs with other perspectives. That became the goal of our iterative research process. We describe a design-based research study conducted over three years that chronicles the evolution of a hypertext information system into a collaborative knowledge construction environment. Situated in different subject areas and contexts, the project examined learner roles for interpreting and later representing and constructing their own complex, non-linear content structures. At the core of the project was an evolving hypertext authoring system, Crisscrossing, in which users in the latest version collaboratively construct non-linear hypertext structures as well as represent non-linear and sequential pathways through the content structures they construct. During each research cycle, we conducted extensive usability testing and utilized qualitative and quantitative research methods to describe changes in learners' roles and their effects on students' conceptual change while interpreting cases and producing and annotating their own cases. Learners consistently produced patterns of artifacts within and outside the environments, experienced poor transfer to new cases, and manifested difficulty in accommodating and creating multiple perspectives and applying causal reasoning. Implications for system design are discussed. Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract
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2. Enriching Language Learning through a Multimedia Corpus (EJ812185)
Ackerley, Katherine; Coccetta, Francesca
ReCALL, v19 n3 p351-370 Sep 2007
2007-09-00
Descriptors: Speech; Oral Language; Online Courses; Programming; English (Second Language); Foreign Countries; Computational Linguistics; Indexes; Second Language Learning; Metalinguistics; Second Language Instruction
Abstract: Until recently, use has been made almost exclusively of text-based concordancers in the analysis of spoken corpora. This article discusses research being carried out on Padua University's Multimedia English Corpus (Padova MEC) using the multimodal concordancer "MCA "("Multimodal Corpus Authoring System," Baldry, 2005). This highly innovative concordancer enables the retrieval of parts of video and audio from a tagged corpus and access to examples of language in context, thereby providing non-verbal information about the environment, the participants and their moods, details that can be gleaned from a combination of word, sound, image and movement. This is of use to language learners of all levels because if "communication is to be successful, a relevant context has to be constructed by the discourse participants" (Braun, 2005: 52). In other words, transcripts alone are not sufficient if learners are to have anything like participant knowledge and comprehend spoken language. In the article it will be demonstrated how language functions expressed in the multimedia corpus of spoken English are retrieved using "MCA." Online learning materials based on the multimodal concordances take into consideration not only language, but also the way in which it co-patterns with other semiotic resources, thereby raising the issue of the importance of learner awareness of the multimodal nature of communication. Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract
3. An E-Learning System for Standard Compatible and Uniform Course Development (EJ724730)
Baudry, Andreas; Bungenstock, Michael; Mertsching, Baerbel
International Journal on E-Learning, v4 n4 p385-408 2005
2005-00-00
Journal Articles; Reports - Descriptive
Descriptors: Management Systems; Programming; Curriculum Development; Learning Modules; Computer Uses in Education
Abstract: This article introduces the architecture and implementation of an authoring system capable of modular and standard compatible course development. This system enables the aggregation of learning objects into higher course structures and reuse in different learning scenarios. The concept of modular course development is based on the construction kit metaphor for e-learning systems that represents a general solution for specific content creation and publishing. The learning objects are implemented as IMS Content Packages containing a special asset coded in XML. The XML document consists of the semantical content of learning objects without defining a specific format and layout. The authoring system facilitates the composition and aggregation process of learning objects for designing standard compatible and uniform courses used by instructors and students through Learning Management Systems (LMS). Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract
4. Towards Next Generation Activity-Based Learning Systems (EJ724017)
Sampson, Demetrios G.; Karampiperis, Pythagoras
International Journal on E-Learning, v5 n1 p129-150 spec iss Jan 2006
2006-00-00
Descriptors: Research and Development; Programming; Management Systems; Learning Activities; Internet; Instructional Design; Web Based Instruction; Computer Uses in Education; Information Systems
Abstract: The need for e-learning systems that support a diverse set of pedagogical requirements has been identified as an important issue in web-based education. Until now, significant research and development effort has been devoted to aiming towards web-based educational systems tailored to specific pedagogical approaches. The most advanced of them are based on the IEEE Learning Technology Systems Architecture and use standardized content structuring based on the ADL Sharable Content Object Reference Model (SCORM) in order to enable sharing and reusability of the learning content. However, sharing of learning activities among different web-based educational systems still remains an open issue. On the other hand, existing Learning Management Systems (LMS) provide authoring tools that are only tailored to the capabilities of the specific system in hand. The open question is how web-based educational systems should be designed in order to enable reusing and repurposing of learning activities. In this article we first discuss the limitations of the current state-of-the art learning systems and authoring tools and investigate the use of the Learning Design framework as a mean to address those limitations. Then, we present a high-level architecture of a SCORM-compatible authoring and runtime system that utilizes the Learning Design principles to provide the means for designing activity-based learning systems. Finally, we discuss the use of ASK-LDT, an authoring system developed based on the proposed architecture, in the design of complex learning activities. (Contains 10 figures.) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract
5. Towards Evolutional Authoring Support Systems (EJ726337)
Aroyo, Lora; Mizoguchi, Riichiro
Journal of Interactive Learning Research, v15 n4 p365-387 Oct 2004
2004-10-00
Descriptors: Educational Strategies; Engineering; Programming; Intelligent Tutoring Systems; Knowledge Representation; Artificial Intelligence; Computer Interfaces; Man Machine Systems; Interaction; Teaching Methods; Instructional Design; Models; Courseware; Vocabulary
Abstract: The ultimate aim of this research is to specify and implement a general authoring framework for content and knowledge engineering for Intelligent Educational Systems (IES). In this context we attempt to develop an authoring tool supporting this framework that is powerful in its functionality, generic in its support of instructional strategies and user-friendly in its interaction with the author. The framework that we offer is an ontology-based authoring environment, since we see the use of ontologies as effective means to have structured content and knowledge engineering. The key contribution of our research is the meta-level Authoring Task Ontology (ATO) specifying authoring tasks, goals and activities, and knowledge about the process of engineering IES. It enables us to enable the specification of "evolutional" authoring support system, as a meta-authoring tool that defines and controls the configuration and tuning process of an authoring tool for a specific authoring process. The role of ATO is to help the IES authoring system to "evolve" by defining such a meta-tool, which "knows" the system's ontological structure. In our approach it works analogously to an authoring tool when it generates a concrete learning support system. The ATO also provides a shared vocabulary between all system components, and allows for better interoperability in a modularised architecture. In this way we have the benefit to monitor and assess the authoring process, and to prevent and solve inconsistencies and conflicting situations. Through ontological engineering, a computational formalization of the intelligent systems authoring, we also give our scientific contribution to the in-depth understanding of what the authoring process is. (Contains 1 table and 4 figures.) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract
6. Architecture of an E-Learning System with Embedded Authoring Support. (ED479431)
Baudry, Andreas; Bungenstock, Michael; Mertsching, Barbel
N/A
2002-10-00
Reports - Research; Speeches/Meeting Papers
Descriptors: Authoring Aids (Programming); Computer Assisted Instruction; Computer Software Development; Computer System Design; Distance Education; Educational Resources; Higher Education; Mathematics Education; Multimedia Materials; Undergraduate Study
Abstract: This paper introduces an architecture for an e-learning system with an embedded authoring system. Based on the metaphor of a construction kit, this approach offers a general solution for specific content creation and publication. The learning resources are IMS "Content Packages" with a special structure to separate content and presentation. These packages are called "Template Content Objects" (TCO). They contain a template coded in XML and additional files for multimedia learning objects. TCOs are similar to the SCORM "Sharable Content Objects" (SCO) and can be simply translated to them. The authoring system consists of different authoring tools that handle TCOs. Every task in the process of learning object creation is done by experts which were modeled with the help of roles. The architecture is a result of the math-kit, a Web based e-learning system that provides instructors and students with multimedia support for central topics in undergraduate mathematics. (Contains 17 references.) (Author) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract
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7. Assessment Applications of Ontologies. (ED475760)
Chung, Gregory K. W. K.; Niemi, David; Bewley, William L.
2003-04-00
Reports - Descriptive; Speeches/Meeting Papers
Descriptors: Authoring Aids (Programming); Computer Software; Concept Mapping; Educational Assessment
Abstract: This paper discusses the use of ontologies and their applications to assessment. An ontology provides a shared and common understanding of a domain that can be communicated among people and computational systems. The ontology captures one or more experts' conceptual representation of a domain expressed in terms of concepts and the relationships among the concepts. The ontology standardized the terms and structures of the domain. The paper presents two examples of the use of ontologies for assessment purposes. The first example describes than application for the domain of rifle marksmanship, and the second example discusses the use of ontologies in the design of authoring systems to link assessment, content, and cognitive demands. The overall purpose for developing the ontology of rifle marksmanship was to capture the knowledge and structure of the domain in a way that allows the exploration of the use of ontologies for assessment and instructional purposes. In the other example, the ontology was developed to use as a domain template against which to score knowledge maps. The technology behind ontologies has matured to the point that computational tools are readily available. An ontology-based authoring system can impose structure on the authoring task and check that user-specified values simultaneously satisfy all constraints among the assessment components. (Contains 28 references.) (SLD) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract
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8. The Design of an Integrated System for Web-Based Distance Education. (ED479626)
Wang, Hongxue; Holt, Pete
Descriptors: Computer Assisted Instruction; Computer System Design; Course Content; Distance Education; Individualized Instruction; Instructional Design; Intelligent Tutoring Systems; Learner Controlled Instruction; Online Systems; World Wide Web
Abstract: This paper deals with the design of an integrated system for Web-based distance education (ISWBDE). At the highest level, this system can be dissected into two sub-systems: an integrated course authoring system (ICAS) and an integrated course delivery system (ICDS). The ICAS is designed to help with, or automate the creation and management of curriculum, learning objects, and courses, whereas the ICDS is designed to generate personalized courses for individual students, to provide an integrated online learning environment on students' computers, an integrated tutoring environment for tutors and an integrated coordinating environment for course coordinators. The focus of this paper is on the design of the whole system, rather than the implementation. (Contains 16 references.) (Author) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract
9. Lessons Learned in Developing and Delivering Web-based Graduate Courses: A Faculty Perspective. (EJ638630)
Udod, Sonia A.; Care, W. Dean
Journal of Continuing Education in Nursing, v33 n1 p19-23 Jan-Feb 2002
2002-00-00
Journal Articles
Descriptors: Curriculum Development; Foreign Countries; Graduate Study; Higher Education; Nursing Education; Online Courses; Web Based Instruction; World Wide Web
Abstract: Evaluation of two Web-based graduate nursing courses resulted in guidelines for future course planning: a learner-centered rather than technology-driven approach; interdisciplinary team teaching; selection of an appropriate course authoring system; minimal use of graphics; precourse orientation, including computer skill development; and structured opportunities for interaction. (Contains 14 references.) (SK) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract
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10. Modeling and Supporting the Authoring Process of Multimedia Simulation Based Educational Software: A Knowledge Engineering Approach. (EJ635556)
Kuyper, Michiel; de Hoog, Robert; de Jong, Ton
Instructional Science, v29 n4-5 p337-59 Jul-Sep 2001
2001-00-00
Descriptors: Authoring Aids (Programming); Computer Simulation; Computer Software Development; Courseware; Discovery Learning; Educational Environment; Multimedia Materials
Abstract: Discussion of support for authoring educational software focuses on a shift from attention on activities to products, and describes the SIMQUEST authoring system for designing and creating simulation-based multimedia learning environments that include support for the discovery process of the learner consisting of explanations, assignments, a monitoring tool, and model progression. (Author/LRW) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract