Anonymous (1978).  A review and resolution of fish passage problems at culvert 
sites in British Columbia (2nd edition). Fisheries and Marine Service, Technical 
Report of the Fisheries and Marine Service 810.
	
The success or failure of a fish in migrating through a culvert depends upon the 
swimming ability of the fish and the hydraulic conditions present. In culverts 
stream flow velocities are maximized and usually constant throughout most of the 
culvert length as opposed to the variety of conditions in a natural stream 
channel. From documentation of swimming ability of salmon (Oncorhynchus ) it is 
possible to determine hydraulic criteria that must be satisfied to ensure free 
fish passage, especially throughout the spawning migration period. Since 
detailed stream flow records for small streams in British Columbia have not been 
taken, a general system must be used. Some recommendations for culvert design 
are given.