SCHOOLS, WITH TAXPAYER FUNDS. IT'S BEING CHALLENGED RIGHT NOW
           BEFORE THE OHIO SUPREME COURT ON THAT BASIS. IT IS FUNDED AT
           12.5 MILLION OVER TWO YEARS, IT'S IN -- JUST FINISHING UP ITS
           SECOND YEAR NOW AND RESULTS HAVE BEEN VERY SPOTTY, AS A MATTER
           OF FACT. THERE HAVE BEEN SOME OTHER PROBLEMS THAT HAVE
           DEVELOPED ALSO. HOW ABOUT PAYING FOR TAXICABS FOR THE KIDS?
           THEY FOUND OUT THAT THE YELLOW SCHOOL BUSES THAT THE WHOLE
           SCHOOL SYSTEM DEPENDS ON WAS NOT ADEQUATE TO FURNISH THE TRPLGS
           FOR THE YOUNG PEOPLE THAT WERE GOING TO BE TAKING ADVANTAGE OF

           THAT VOUCHER PROOM. THAT WASN'T FORESEEN. SO STUDENT TAXY RIDES
           ACCOUNT FOR MORE THAN HALF OF THE $4.MILLION DEFICIT IN
           CLEVELAND'S TWO-YEAR-OLD SCHOOL VOUCHER PROGRAM. SHOWS HOW THE
           RULE OF UNINTENDED CONSEQUENCES CAN TAKE OVER IN SOME -- SOME
           INSTANCES. SO THE VOUCHER PROGRAM HAD TO TURN TO TAXI FIRMS AND
           PROVIDE PAYMENTS TO PARENTS IN LIEU OF TRANSPORTATION SERVICES.
           THAT HAS TAKEN HALF OF THEIR FUNDING. PLUS THERE'S NO STRONG
           EVIDENCE INTO THIS SECOND -- AT THE END OF THIS SECOND YEAR OF

           THE PROGRAM THAT THE VOUCHER PROGRAM INCREASES STUDENT
           ACHIEVEMENT. WE NEED TO HAVE A BETTER UNDERSTANDING OF WHAT
           MAKES A SCHOOL SUCCESSFUL BEFORE WE INSTITUTE A PROGRAM THAT
           BENEFITS A COMPARATIVELY FEW YOUNG PEOPLE AND TAKES MONEY OUT
           OF THE PUBLIC SCHOOL SYSTEM THAT SHOULD BE OUR MAJOR CONCERN,
           OUR MAJOR DESIRE TO HAVE A GOOD PUBLIC SCHOOL SYSTEM.
           STRENGTHENING PUBLIC EDUCATION IN THIS COUNTRY IS SOMETHING WE
           HAVE TO DO, AND IT'S NECESSARY IF WE'RE GOING TO BE COMPETITIVE
           FOR THE ECONOMIC FUTURE OF THIS COUNTRY. BECAUSE ONLY BY MAKING

           HIGH-QUALITY EDUCATION AVAILABLE TO ALL AMERICAN CHILDREN, NOT
           A FAVORED FEW BUT ALL AMERICAN CHILDREN, WILL WE HELP DEVELOP
           THE SKILLS THEY NEED TO FIND MEANINGFUL, HIGH-WAGE JOBS WHILE
           DEVELOPING A CAPABLE AND PRODUCTIVE WORK FORCE THAT'S
           ESSENTIAL, LITERALLY ESSENTIAL ESSENTIAL, TO THE ECONOMIC
           FUTURE OF THIS COUNTRY IN THIS NEW WORLDWIDE ECONOMIC
           ENVIRONMENT IN WHICH WE LIVE. EDUCATION REFORM IS ONE OF THE
           TOP ISSUES BEFORE THE COUNTRY NOW. TALK ABOUT IT ALL OVER.
           MAGAZINE ARTICLES, COVERS OF MAGAZINES THAT I PICKED UP, READ

           LAST NIGHT, TALKED ABOUT THE EDUCATION PROBLEM. THAT'S WHY I
           CONTINUE TO OPPOSE ATTEMPTS TO ENCOURAGE THE USE OF FEDERAL
           FUNDS OR NONPUBLIC EDUCATION WHETHER IN THE FORM OF TUITION TAX
           CREDITS OR VOUCHERS OR SCHOOL CHOICE. NOW, I BELIEVE THAT
           INCLUDING K-12 AND EDUCATIONAL IRA'S WOULD BE THE FIRST STEP
           TOWARD ESTABLISHING A PERMANENT VOUCHER SYSTEM. IT JUST BLEEDS
           OFF NECESSARY MONEY FROM THE PUBLIC SCHOOLS. WE HAVE A PUBLIC
           SCHOOL SYSTEM OF EDUCATION IN THIS COUNTRY THAT'S AVAILABLE TO

           ALL CHILDREN. AND IF THIS EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM IS NOT PRODUCING
           THE HIGH LEVEL OF ACHIEVEMENT THIS NATION NOW NEEDS, WE CAN'T
           ABANDON THEM, WE CAN'T SAY, WELL, WE'LL JUST TAKE LESS MONEY
           AND PUT IT IN THE PUBLIC SCHOOL SYSTEM. WE CAN'T ABANDON THEM.
           THAT'S WHY I SUPPORT THE SCHOOL CONSTRUCTION AMENDMENT,
           INITIATIVES THAT WILL ELP REDUCE CLASSROOM SIZE DIRECTLY
           BENEFIT ALL OUR NATION'S PUBLIC SCHOOLS BY ENSURING THAT ALL
           CHILDREN ATTEND SAFE AND MODERN PUBLIC SCHOOLS. SENATOR KENNEDY
           MENTIONED THAT JUST A MOMENT AGO AND I AGREE WITH HIS REMARKS

           ON THAT. I BELIEVE EVERYONE SHOULD BE SAVING FOR THEIR
           CHILDREN'S EDUCATION, BUT THE DIFFERENT BETWEEN ELEMENTARY AND
           SECONDARY EDUCATION AND HIGHER EDUCATION IS IMPORTANT. EVERY
           CHILD IN THIS COUNTRY'S ENTITLED TO A FREE APPROPRIATE
           TUITION-FREE EDUCATION IN EVERY STATE. WE HAVE STATE LAWS IN
           EVERY STATE IN OUR UNION THAT REQUIREMENT THAT. HIGHER
           EDUCATION -- GOING ON TO COLLEGE AND UNIVERSITY LEVEL, HOWEVER
           -- IS OPTIONAL AND IS TUITION-BASED. AND IT'S HARD FOR PARENTS
           TO SAVE FOR COLLEGE, AND I BELIEVE IT'S APPROPRIATE TO PROVIDE

           INCENTIVES TO HELP THEM DO SO. AND I HAVE SUPPORTED THE PREPAID
           TUITION PLANS IN THE STATE OF OHIO AS ONE OF THE WAYS THAT
           STUDENTS CAN BE ASSURED OF A QUALITY EDUCATION AT ONE OF OHIO'S
           STATE UNIVERSITIES OR AT ONE OF THEIR COLLEGES. SO THE
           AMENDMENT WHICH I AM OFFERING RETURNS THE EDUCATIONAL IRA'S
           BACK TO ITS ORIGINAL PURPOSES -- HIGHER EDUCATION EXPENSES
           ONLY. THE ONLY CHANGE I MAKE IS TO KEEP THE INCREASE THAT'S
           PROPOSED IN THE CONTRIBUTION LIMIT FOR EDUCATION IRA'S FROM

           $500 TO $2,000. AND I THINK THAT'S FINE. THIS INCREASE IN THE
           CONTRIBUTION WILL ENABLE PARENTS TO SAVE MORE PER YEAR FOR
           HIGHER EDUCATION. AND I URGE MY COLLEAGUES TO JOIN ME IN
           SUPPORTING THIS AMENDMENT. MR. PRESIDENT, WE HAVE A LOT OF
           PROBLEMS IN THIS COUNTRY. THE OLD PROPERTY TAX THAT'S BEEN
           AROUND FOR A LONG TIME IS NO LONGER ADEQUATE TO DO THE JOB. IT
           MAY HAVE BEEN OKAY BACK IN THE DAYS OF JEFFERSON AND
           WASHINGTON, WHEN WE DIDN'T HAVE NASDAQ AND AMERICAN EXCHANGE
           AND THE NEW YORK STOCK EXCHANGE AND MUTUAL FUNDS AND SO ON.

           MOST OF THE WEALTH AT THAT TIME WAS IN PROPERTY, WAS IN -- AND
           SO A PROPERTY TAX WAS VERY APPROPRIATE TO SUPPORT THE SCHOOLS.
           BUT PARTICULARLY OVER THE LAST FOUR OR FIVE DECADES, WE'VE NOW
           DEVELOPED INTO BEING A SERVICE ECONOMY, WHERE TWO-THIRDS OF OUR
           WEALTH, TWO-THIRDS OF OUR NATIONAL INCOMES COME THROUGH SERVICE
           INDUSTRIES. AND SO THE OLD PROPERTY TAX IS NO LONGER ADEQUATE
           TO DO OUR SCHOOLS. WE HAVE TO GET AWAY FROM THAT. THE
           PROPOSITION 13 IN CALIFORNIA WE'RE FAMILIAR WITH DID IN -- WHAT
           IT DID OUT THERE, IN MY VIEW, WAS WRECK ONE OF THE FINEST

           EDUCATION SYSTEMS IN THE COUNTRY. AND SO THEY'RE HAVING A LOT
           OF PROBLEMS EVERYBODY ELSE HAS AROUND THE COUNTRY THESE DAYS.
           ALSO, WE'RE THE ONLY INDUSTRIALIZED NATION IN THE WORLD THAT
           DOES NOT HAVE A MARTIAL EDUCATION SYSTEM. AND I'M NOT HERE
           TODAY TO SAY THAT WE SHOULD GO TO A NATIONAL EDUCATION SYSTEM.
           THAT WOULD PROBABLY GET ME RUN DOWN THE FRONT STEPS OF THE
           CAPITOL PRETTY FAST OUT HERE. BUT I  SAY WE HAVE TO DO MORE
           FROM THE FEDERAL LEVEL. WE'RE ONLY A TINY PART OF OUR K-12
           EDUCATION. I THINK IT'S JUST AROUND 5% NOW. MOST OF THAT'S IN
           SCHOOL LUNCH PROGRAMS AND THINGS LIKE THAT AND NOT REALLY

           DIRECTLY ON EDUCATIONAL MATTERS. OUR SYSTEM IN THIS COUNTRY, AS
           LESTER THOROUGH HAS POINTED OUT IN HIS LAST COUPLE OF BOOKS,
           OUR SYSTEM IS BASICALLY RUN BY 15,000 INDEPENDENT SCHOOL BOARDS
           IN THIS COUNTRY ALL SAYING, "WE WON'T RAISE YOUR TAXES." AND
           THEN THEY GET TOGETHER AND DECIDE WHAT THEY'RE GOING TO DO IN
           THEIR LOCAL SCHOOL DISTRICTS. THEY GET ELECTED ON "WE BE WON'T
           RAISE TAXES, WE'RE NOT GOING TO RAISE PROPERTY TAXES, WE WON'T
           VOTE ON ANY OTHER TAXES AND WE'RE NOT GOING TO RAISE YOUR
           PROPERTY TAXES." SO WE AT THE FEDERAL LEVEL ARE INCREASINGLY UP

           AGAINST IT TO WHAT WE SHOULD BE DOING. BECAUSE WHAT WE SEE IS
           GRADUALLY WE'RE BECOMING LESS COMPETITIVE IN A GLOBAL
           ENVIRONMENT. WE CAN'T LET THAT HAPPEN. BUT THE ANSWER IS NOT,
           AS IN THIS COVERDELL BILL, TO SAY THAT WE'RE GOING TO SIPHON
           MONEY OFF FROM THAT PUBLIC SCHOOL SYSTEM AND GIVE IT OVER TO
           THE PRIVATE SCHOOL SYSTEM IN THE FORM OF VOUCHERS OR IRA'S OR
           WHATEVER, TAKE IT OUT AND PUT IT OVER IN THERE AWAY FROM THE
           PUBLIC SCHOOL SYSTEM AND MAKE THEM -- AND SUPPORT THEM LESS
           INSTEAD OF MORE. THAT DOESN'T SOLVE OUR PROBLEMS IN THIS

           COUNTRY. SO WE DO HAVE SOME OTHER PROBLEMS AND WE HAVE TO
           ADDRESS THOSE, BUT NOT THIS WAY AND NOT WITH THIS PARTICULAR
           PIECE OF LEGISLATION. SO I NOTED THIS MORNING IN LOOKING AT THE
           "LOS ANGELES TIMES" THAT THERE WAS A -- THEIR LEAD EDITORIAL
           TODAY WAS ENTITLED, "DON'T DRAIN PUBLIC SCHOOLS." AND I WOULD
           ASK UNANIMOUS CONSENT, MR. PRESIDENT, THAT THIS BE INCLUDED AT
           THE END OF MY REMARKS.
           

           THE PRESIDING OFFICER: WITHOUT OBJECTION, IT WILL BE INCLUDED.
           

           MR. GLENN: "DON'T DRAIN PUBLIC SCHOOLS," AND THAT'S EXACTLY
           WHAT WE'RE TALKING ABOUT HERE. WE'RE GOING TO DRAIN PUBLIC
           SCHOOLS TO THE BENEFIT OF PRIVATE SCHOOLS. AND 70% OF THE MONEY
           WILL GO TO PEOPLE ALREADY CAPABLE OF PROVIDING -- TO THE TOP
           20% OF THE PEOPLE ALREADY CAPABLE OF PROVIDING FOR PRIVATE
           SCHOOLS FOR THEIR KIDS IF THEY WANT THEM. AND A LITTLE INSERT
           IN THIS THING -- I WON'T READ THE WHOLE ARTICLE THERE, YOU CAN
           READ THAT IN THE "CONGRESSIONAL RECORD" TOMORROW -- BUT THE
           LITTLE INSERT IN THE MIDDLE OF THIS EDITORIAL SAYS, "WASHINGTON
           SHOULD HELP ADDRESS THE EDUCATIONAL DEFICITS IN THE NATION'S

           PUBLIC SCHOOLS THAT SHIFTING EVEN A SMALL AMOUNT OF TAX MONEY
           TO PRIVATE SCHOOLS IS NOT THE ANSWER, AT LEAST NOT YET." THAT
           ABOUT SUMMARIZES EVERYTHING THAT I WANTED TO MAKE A POINT OF
           HERE THIS MORNING. AND I JUST HOPE THAT WHEN THE VOTE -- I
           THINK THERE'S A VOTE
           
           ON MY AMENDMENT AT 2:15 THIS AFTERNOON, AFTER OUR RESPECTIVE
           PARTY CAUCUSES, AND I REALLY HOPE PEOPLE CAN THINK LONG AND
           HARD ABOUT THIS BECAUSE I SEE THIS AS THE FIRST STEP DOWN A
           LONG SLIPPERY SLOPE TOWARD LESS AND LESS SUPPORT FOR OUR PUBLIC

           SCHOOL SYSTEM -- THAT WHICH SERVES ALL AMERICANS, THAT WHICH
           ENABLES PEOPLE AT THE LOWEST LEVEL OF ECONOMIC ADVANTAGE IN
           THIS COUNTRY TO HAVE THE OPPORTUNITY THROUGH EDUCATION AND
           THEIR OWN HARD WORK TO BE AS CONTRIBUTEIVE AND MAKE AS MUCH A
           SUCCESS OUT OF THEIR LIVES AS ANYBODY ELSE ELSE. MR. PRESIDENT,

           I RESERVE THE BALANCE OF MY TIME. MR. SANTORUM: MR. PRESIDENT?
           
           

           THE PRESIDING OFFICER: THE SENATOR FROM PENNSYLVANIA.
           

           MR. SANTORUM: MR. PRESIDENT, I ASK UNANIMOUS CONSENT TO SPEAK
           FOR TEN MINUTES WITHIN MORNING BUSINESS.
           

           THE PRESIDING OFFICER: WITHOUT OBJECTION.
           

           MR. SANTORUM: THANK YOU, MR. PRESIDENT. MR. PRESIDENT, I FELT
           COMPELLED, SITTING IN THE CHAIR FOR THE LAST HOUR, TO MAKE A
           COMMENT ON THE COMMENTS BY BOTH THE SENATOR FROM MASSACHUSETTS
           AND THE SENATOR FROM OHIO. I FOUND IT QUITE REMARKABLE SITTING
           AND LISTENING TO WHAT WAS LAID OUT -- AND I THINK SOMEWHAT
           FACTIONALLY -- THE PROBLEMS WE HAVE IN EDUCATION. THE
           EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM IS NOT MEETING THE NEEDS OF OUR COUNTRY IN
           PROVIDING GOOD CITIZENS THE EDUCATION NECESSARY TO BE GOOD

           CITIZENS AND THE EDUCATION NECESSARY TO PERFORM NEEDED
           FUNCTIONS IN OUR ECONOMY. THE RESPONSE TO THE PROBLEM IN
           EDUCATION FROM THE GENTLEMAN THAT SPOKE AND FROM OTHERS WHO
           OPPOSE THIS BILL ARE TWO THINGS. AT LEAST I HEAR TWO THINGS.
           NUMBER ONE, WE NEED MORE BRICKS AND MORTAR, THAT IF WE HAD
           BETTER-LOOKING SCHOOLS AND MORE NICELY-APPOINTED SCHOOLS, OR
           EVEN, YOU KNOW, BETTER EQUIPMENT, THAT SOMEHOW THE PROBLEM

           WOULD GO AWAY. ON TOP OF THAT, WE NEED MORE TEACHERS. SO IF WE
           JUST DID MORE OF THE SAME ONLY DID IT BETTER WITH NICER
           BUILDING AND MORE PEOPLE PEOPLE. I'M NOT TOO SURE THAT MOST
           AMERICANS WHO ARE INTERFACEING WITH THE SCHOOL SYSTEMS IN THIS
           COUNTRY RIGHT NOW WOULD ACCEPT THAT AS THE REASONABLE COURSE.
           THAT WHAT WE NEED IS JUST A FEW MORE TEACHERS IN THE SCHOOL AND
           BETTER-LOOKING SCHOOL BUILDINGS. I'VE BEEN TO A LOT OF SCHOOLS.
           I'VE BEEN TO ABOUT 120 PUBLIC SCHOOLS IN MY STATE, SCHOOL

           DISTRICTS IN MY STATE. I GO TO SCHOOLS ALL THE TIME, SPEND A
           GREAT DEAL OF MY TIME AS I TRAVEL THE STATE TALKING IN THE
           PUBLIC SCHOOLS. I'VE BEEN TO A FEW PRIVATE SCHOOLS TOO. BY AND
           LARGE, I WOULD SAY THAT THE PUBLIC SCHOOLS THAT I WENT TO WERE
           IN MUCH BETTER CONDITION THAN THE PAROCHIAL SCHOOLS AND THE
           PRIVATE SCHOOLS I WENT TO. NO COMPARISON. MUCH BETTER. MUCH
           BETTER EQUIPMENT, MUCH MORE STATE-OF-THE-ART, MUCH BETTER

           TEACHER RATIOS THAN THE PAROCHIAL SCHOOLS HAVE. SO IF THE
           PROBLEM WERE IN THE PUBLIC SCHOOLS BETTER BUILDINGS AND MORE
           TEACHERS, THEN THE RESULTS THAT I WOULD GET IN GOING TO A
           SCHOOL IN INNER CITY PITTSBURGH THAT'S A PUBLIC SCHOOL AND ONE
           THAT'S A PAROCHIAL SCHOOL, THE RESULTS SHOULD BE DRAMATICALLY
           DIFFERENT BASED ON THIS CRITERIA, THAT TEACHERS AND NICE
           BUILDINGS MAKE GOOD SCHOOL DISTRICTS AND EDUCATE CHILDREN.
           WHERE, IN FACT, THE RESULTS ARE JUST THE OPPOSITE. IT'S NOT

           BRICKS AND MORTAR, IT'S NOT NUMBERS OF TEACHERS. IT IS
           STRUCTURE, IT IS DISCIPLINE, IT IS ORDER, IT IS CARING, IT IS
           CONCERN, IT IS LOVE, IT IS INVOLVEMENT, IT IS ALL OF THOSE
           INTANGIBLE THINGS THAT HAVE TO DO WITH FAMILIES AND PEOPLE WHO
           ARE COMMITTED TO EDUCATING CHILDREN. AND SO WHAT THOSE OF US ON
           OUR SIDE BELIEVE IS THE ANSWER IS NOT TO PUMP MORE MONEY INTO
           BRICKS AND MORTARS AND THE EXISTING STRUCTURE BUT TO PUMP MORE
           MONEY INTO THE PEOPLE WHO MAKE A REAL DIFFERENCE IN CHILDREN'S

           LIVES AND THAT'S FAMILY. FAMILIES WHO CAN HELP THEIR CHILDREN
           BY ASSISTING THEM WITH SOME RESOURCES TO HELP THEM IN THEIR
           PUBLIC OR PRIVATE OR PAROCHIAL EDUCATION. AND THAT'S JUST A
           FUNDAMENTAL DIFFERENCE AS TO WHAT WE BELIEVE WORKS IN
           EDUCATION. I DON'T THINK WE BELIEVE THAT CONTINUING TO THROW
           MONEY AT A SYSTEM THAT'S SPENT -- I MEAN, THIS IS THE OTHER
           REMARKABLE -- THIS IS TRULY REMARKABLE. YOU WOULD THINK THAT
           THIS BILL TAKES MONEY FROM THE PUBLIC SCHOOLS. FOR THE RECORD,
           THERE IS NOTHING IN THIS BILL THAT TAKES ONE DOLLAR OUT OF THE

           FEDERAL COMMITMENT TO EDUCATION. IN FACT, THERE'S MORE MONEY IN
           THIS BILL. YOU WOULDN'T KNOW THAT. IF YOU WERE JUST -- YOU
           KNOW, I'VE JUST BEEN HERE THE LAST HOUR AND 15 MINUTES. YOU
           WOULD NOT KNOW THAT BY LISTENING TO THE OTHER SIDE. YOU WOULD
           THINK THAT THIS IS STRIPPING MONEY OUT OF THE FEDERAL SUPPORT
           FOR EDUCATION IN THE PUBLIC SCHOOLS. NOT TRUE. NOT ONE PENNY.
           IN FACT, MORE MONEY. IN FACT, FOR SCHOOL CONSTRUCTION IN THIS
           BILL. SO THERE'S NOT ONE DOLLAR BEING TAKEN AWAY. THERE'S NOT

           ONE DOLLAR BEING CONVERTED AWAY. THIS IS, IN FACT -- QUOTE --
           "NEW FEDERAL SUPPORT." FOR EDUCATION. AND WHERE IS IT GOING?
           IT'S GOING TO FAMILIES. YOU KNOW, THIS IS SORT OF FUNNY. I
           ALMOST FEEL BAD SAYING, "WHERE IS IT GOING?" "TO FAMILIES."
           BECAUSE REALLY, WHERE ARE WE LETTING IT STAY. BECAUSE THEY
           TURN. WE'RE JUST BEING BENEVOLENT ENOUGH TO LET THEM KEEP IT.
           IF WE DO WHAT WE WANT THEM TO DO WITH IT, WHICH IS TO USE IT TO
           HELP SUPPORT THEIR CHILDREN'S EDUCATION. IT'S SAYING, WELL, IF

           YOU WANT -- IF DO YOU WHAT WE WANT YOU TO DO WITH THIS MONEY,
           WE'LL LET YOU KEEP IT. VERY NICE OF US TO DO THAT, ISN'T IT?
           SORT OF NICE OF US TO SAY, WE'LL LET YOU KEEP THE MONEY IF YOU
           DO WHAT WE TELL YOU?
           WHAT THE OTHER SIDE WANTS TO SAY IS, NOPE, WE DON'T EVEN WANT
           TO LET YOU HAVE THE CHOICE TO KEEP THAT MONEY. EXCUSE MY, WE'RE
           GOING TO GIVE IT OVER HERE TO BUILD MORE SCHOOLS AND TO GIVE IT
           TO MORE TEACHERS BECAUSE, OF COURSE, THAT'S THE PROBLEM IN OUR
           SOCIETY. WE DON'T HAVE ENOUGH SCHOOLS AND WE DON'T HAVE ENOUGH
           TEACHERS. AGAIN, I DON'T THINK TOO MANY PEOPLE REALLY BELIEVE
           THAT.
{END: 1998/04/21 TIME: 12-15 , Tue.  105TH SENATE, SECOND SESSION}