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1. Intelligent Thai Text--Thai Sign Translation for Language Learning (EJ798877)
Author(s):
Dangsaart, Srisavakon; Naruedomkul, Kanlaya; Cercone, Nick; Sirinaovakul, Booncharoen
Source:
Computers & Education, v51 n3 p1125-1141 Nov 2008
Pub Date:
2008-11-00
Pub Type(s):
Journal Articles; Reports - Evaluative
Peer-Reviewed:
Yes
Descriptors: Satisfaction; Translation; Sign Language; Deafness; Foreign Countries; Thai; Assistive Technology; Computer Uses in Education; Educational Technology; Use Studies; Language Acquisition
Abstract: We present the Intelligent Thai text--Thai sign translation for language learning (IT[superscript 3]STL). IT[superscript 3]STL is able to translate Thai text into Thai sign language simply and conveniently anytime, anywhere. Thai sign language is the language of the deaf in Thailand. In the translation process, the distinction between Thai text and Thai sign language in both grammar and vocabulary are concerned in each processing step to ensure the accuracy of translation. IT[superscript 3]STL was designed not only to be an automatic interpreter but also to be a language tutor assistant. It provides meaning of each word and describes the structure formation and word order of the translated sentence. With IT[superscript 3]STL, the deaf and hearing-impaired are able to enhance their communication ability and to improve their knowledge and learning skills. Moreover IT[superscript 3]STL has increased motivation and opportunity for them to access multimedia and e-learning. In our initial experiment, IT[superscript 3]STL was implemented to translate sentences/phrases which were collected from different sources including textbooks, cartoons, bedtime story, newspapers and the public labels. IT[superscript 3]STL was tested and evaluated in terms of the translation accuracy and user satisfaction. The evaluation results show that the translation accuracy and sign representation are acceptable, and it satisfies the users' needs. (Contains 6 figures and 10 tables.) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract
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2. The Performance of the World Health Organization's WHOQOL-BREF in Assessing the Quality of Life of Thai College Students (EJ818580)
Li, Kaigang; Kay, Noy S.; Nokkaew, Nattiporn
Social Indicators Research, v90 n3 p489-501 Feb 2009
2009-02-00
Descriptors: College Students; Quality of Life; Construct Validity; Factor Structure; Questionnaires; Measures (Individuals); Factor Analysis; Psychometrics; Correlation; Models; Item Analysis; Scores; Item Response Theory; Social Indicators; Foreign Countries
Abstract: The purpose of this study was to examine the performance of the Thai-version of WHOQOL-BREF in assessing the quality of life (QoL) among Thai college students. The psychometric properties of WHOQOL-BREF were assessed in this study. The self-administered WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire was applied. A total of 407 Thai college students (male age = 20.5 plus or minus 1.2; female age = 20.5 plus or minus 1.2) participated in this study. Item-response distributions, internal consistency reliability, discriminant validity, criterion-related validity and construct validity through confirmatory analysis were analyzed. The findings indicate that the WHOQOL-BREF had acceptable internal consistency (alpha = 0.73-0.83 across four domains), all items highly correlated with corresponding domain scores (r = 0.53-0.80), the indices of a two-order confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) demonstrate that the data fit the model well with allowing covary of error variances of some items, all items had good property of criterion-related validity and item discrimination and, all three domain scores except the social relationship domain had significant associations with overall QoL or general health. The results suggest that the WHOQOL-BREF was reliable and valid to health professionals in the assessment of the QoL of college-based Thai youth, but some unsuitable items may be deleted in future studies. Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract
3. Reading in Thai: The Case of Misaligned Vowels (EJ819996)
Winskel, Heather
Reading and Writing: An Interdisciplinary Journal, v22 n1 p1-24 Jan 2009
2009-01-00
Journal Articles; Reports - Research
Descriptors: Sentences; Spelling; Vowels; Eye Movements; Thai; Reading Instruction; Alphabets; College Students; Measures (Individuals); Foreign Countries; Error Patterns; Reading Processes; Phonemes; Oral Language; Written Language
Abstract: Thai has its own distinctive alphabetic script with syllabic characteristics as it has implicit vowels for some consonants. Consonants are written in a linear order, but vowels can be written non-linearly above, below or to either side of the consonant. Of particular interest to the current study are that vowels can precede the consonant in writing but follow it in speech, hence a mismatch between the spoken and written sequence occurs. In order to investigate if there is a processing cost associated with this discrepancy between spoken and written sequence for vowels and the implications this has in relation to the grain size used when reading Thai, eye movements of adults reading words with and without misaligned vowels in sentences using the EyeLink II tracking system was conducted. Twenty-four university students read 50 pairs of words with misaligned and aligned vowel words matched for length and frequency embedded in same sentence frames. In addition, rapid naming data from forty adults was collected. Data from forty children 6;6-8;6 years old reading and spelling comparable words was also collected and analysed for errors. Results revealed a processing cost due to the more severely misaligned words where the vowel operates across the syllable, and gives support for a syllabic level of segmentation rather than phonemic for reading and spelling in Thai adults and children. Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract
4. Thai Speech and Language Test for Children between 1 and 2 Years of Age (EJ782364)
Prathanee, Benjamas; Pongjanyakul, Amornrat; Chano, Jiraporn
International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders, v43 n1 p125-140 Jan 2008
2008-01-00
Descriptors: Delayed Speech; Language Impairments; Language Tests; Interrater Reliability; Foreign Countries; Thai; Language Acquisition; At Risk Persons; Young Children; Test Validity; Infants; Toddlers; Age Differences; Child Development
Abstract: Background: Children with delayed speech and language development are at considerable risk for later language impairment, social and behavioural problems, and illiteracy. Early diagnosis is needed for intervention planning and prevention. However, a speech and language test for Thai children has not been available. Aims: To establish a Thai Speech and Language Test for Thai children between zero and 2 years of age. Methods & Procedures: The authors reviewed both Thai and international speech and language development tests and studies related to factors associated with speech and language development. A Thai Speech and Language Test for children between zero and 2 years of age (TSLT2) was then formulated. The test was used with 419 typically developing Thai children in Khon Kaen, north-east Thailand. Outcome & Results: Language quotients were calculated to quantify/qualify Thai language development norms. Inter-rater reliability of the test ranged between 0.64 and 1, while internal consistencies ranged between 0.83 and 0.95 for tests on children between 1 and 2 years of age. Conclusions: Professionals or paraprofessionals can use the Thai Speech and Language Test for children between 1 and 2 years of age, which is the first Thai tool for the assessment, diagnosis and remediation planning of children with delayed speech and language development. It should be also adapted for use in other regions in Thailand. However, the test for children aged between 3 and 9 months should be revised and continue to be developed. (Contains 5 tables.) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract
5. Resilience of Higher Educational Students, the Human Spirit among Thai and Muslim Students (ED502103)
Prinyaphol, Penprapa; Chongruksa, Doungmani
Online Submission
2008-07-21
Reports - Research
N/A
Descriptors: Personality Traits; College Students; Ethnicity; Muslims; Grade Point Average; Academic Achievement; Birth Order; Foreign Countries; Thai; Terrorism; Student Characteristics; Correlation; Individual Differences; Cultural Influences
Abstract: (Purpose) The present study sought to enhance the understanding of 1148 Thai and Muslims college students' resilience during the time of insurgent terrorism in the southernmost province of Thailand, Pattani. (Methodology) Resilience scale based on Grotberg three features of "I HAVE," "I AM" and "I CAN" was developed in Thai as an instrument. Respondents' characteristics or protective factors regarding ethnic identity, academic achievement, faculty of enrollment and birth order were explored. (Results) The results revealed as follows: (1) Students' resilience were in moderate level with no meaningful difference between Thais and Muslims; (2) High GPA students had resilience and "I HAVE" features meaningful difference than low GPA fellows; (3) Students from all faculties in campus scored on resilience with meaningful difference while those from faculty of Fine and Applied Arts ranked the most in having resilience in high level (38 %); (4) The only child respondents manifested resilience meaningful difference from those of other birth order. This study explored the resilience and protective factors among Thai and Muslim college students. (Conclusions) The results revealed that our hypotheses were mostly supported. Respondents manifested resilience in moderate level with out meaningful difference between Thais and Muslims. Also, two resilience features "I HAVE" and "I AM" were found to be different among respondents. Academic achievement, field of study and birth order had influence on resilience. (Recommendations) If intervention to foster resiliency were to implement on campus, low GPA, the only child and those from faculty of Human and Social Science should be the primary targeted participants to reach out. (Contains 5 tables.) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract
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6. Pragmatic Transfer in Thai EFL Refusals (EJ814841)
Wannaruk, Anchalee
RELC Journal: A Journal of Language Teaching and Research, v39 n3 p318-337 2008
2008-00-00
No
Descriptors: Graduate Students; Thai; Native Speakers; North American English; Language Proficiency; Pragmatics; Transfer of Training; English (Second Language); Second Language Learning; Intercultural Communication; Interviews; Translation
Abstract: Communication breakdowns can occur during cross-cultural communication due to different perceptions and interpretations of appropriateness and politeness. This study investigates similarities and differences between refusals in American English and Thai and incidences of pragmatic transfer by Thai EFL learners when making refusals. The participants of the study include Thai and American native speakers and EFL learners. All of them are graduate students. The data were collected by means of a discourse completion test (DCT) which was designed on the basis of interviews carried out with a view to possible situations for refusals. EFL data for refusals were compared with similar data elicited from native speakers of American English and Thai. Results indicate that overall all three groups share most of the refusal strategies and that pragmatic transfer exists in the choice and content of refusal strategies. Awareness of a person of a higher status and the characteristics of being modest in L1 culture motivate pragmatic transfer. Language proficiency is also an important factor in pragmatic transfer. In making refusals, EFL learners with lower English proficiency translate from L1 to L2 because of their lack of L2 pragmatic knowledge. (Contains 4 tables.) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract
7. Improving Thai Students' Understanding of Concepts in Protein Purification by Using Thai and English Versions of a Simulation Program (EJ775028)
Phornphisutthimas, Somkiat; Panijpan, Bhinyo; Wood, Edward J.; Booth, Andrew G.
Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Education, v35 n5 p316-321 Sep-Oct 2007
2007-00-00
Descriptors: Biochemistry; Thai; Likert Scales; Code Switching (Language); English (Second Language); Science Instruction; Computer Simulation; Teaching Methods; Multimedia Instruction; Translation; Scientific Concepts; Questionnaires; Interviews; Computer Software; Foreign Countries
Abstract: To support student learning in biochemistry and related courses, a simulation program, the Protein Purification Program, offers an alternative multimedia-based tool. This program has now been translated to produce a Thai version. However, translation from the original into the Thai language is limited by the differences between the language characteristics of English and Thai. Therefore, use of the program with Thai students had a twofold purpose. It helped their understanding of the concepts of protein purification by allowing code switching between the languages, but it also improved their understanding of, and competence in scientific English, which is a vital skill for functioning as a modern biochemist. According to the results of the questionnaires, undergraduates using the Thai/English program scored significantly higher than those using only the English language program (p less than 0.05). In addition, the interview data suggested that the Thai/English program had improved student understanding of the concepts of protein purification to a greater extent than a single language (English) program. Students' overall preference in terms of their learning using the Thai/English program was 4.15 on a 1-5 Likert scale. (Contains 1 figure and 6 tables.) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract
8. Thai Grade 10 and 11 Students' Understanding of Stoichiometry and Related Concepts (EJ803498)
Dahsah, Chanyah; Coll, Richard Kevin
International Journal of Science and Mathematics Education, v6 n3 p573-600 Sep 2008
2008-09-00
Descriptors: National Curriculum; Stoichiometry; Chemistry; Foreign Countries; Grade 10; Grade 11; Case Studies; Science Instruction; Scientific Concepts; Educational Change; Questionnaires; Misconceptions; Curriculum Development; Secondary School Science; Developing Nations; Mathematics
Abstract: The research reported in this case study explores the understanding of stoichiometry and related concepts of Thai science students in grades 10 and 11 after major national curriculum reforms. Students' conceptions and alternative conceptions were investigated using a questionnaire--the "Stoichiometry Concept Questionnaire" (SCQ) (N = 97), which consists of 16 multiple-choice items, the choices for which respondents are required to provide reasons. The findings suggest that less than half of the students surveyed hold what is considered by a panel of experts to be a scientifically acceptable understanding for the conceptions investigated. The main student alternative conceptions are that one mole of all substances has a volume of 22.4 L at STP, that a solution that contains a greater mass of solute has the higher molar concentration, and that the limiting reagent is the reagent for which the lowest mass of reactant is present. Examination of students' reasons suggests that they resort to the use of algorithms with little understanding of the underlying concepts. It thus seems the national educational reforms have not resulted in a sound understanding of some science concepts. It is recommended that curriculum developers should specify a need for conceptual understanding along with capability in numerical problem-solving in their learning objectives, and link this to assessment regimes that reward conceptual understanding. A need for on-going professional development seems essential if the intentions of the Thai curriculum reforms are to be realized. Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract
9. The Impact of Quality Assurance Measures on Student Services at the Japanese and Thai Private Universities (EJ796595)
Gamage, David T.; Suwanabroma, Jaratdao; Ueyama, Takeyuki; Hada, Sekio; Sekikawa, Etsuo
Quality Assurance in Education: An International Perspective, v16 n2 p181-198 2008
Descriptors: Research Design; Student Attitudes; Universities; Private Colleges; Quality Control; Foreign Countries; Comparative Analysis; Thai; Economic Factors; Educational Quality; Questionnaires; Reputation; Job Placement; Cultural Context; College Choice; Decision Making
Abstract: Purpose: The purpose of the paper is to ascertain students' perceptions on quality of services provided by private universities in Thailand and Japan and how these affected decisions selecting a university. A comparative study aims to focus on how cultural and economic factors affected their decisions. Design/methodology/approach: Research design sought students' perceptions through empirical surveys on the type of factors which influenced their decisions in selecting a university. As the students needed to form their views on personal experience on services categorized into ten factors, the research sample included students with one-four years of campus experience. The research instrument was a well validated questionnaire developed on a review of literature and a pilot study. For the main study, 1,900 Thai students from nine private universities and 703 Japanese students from two private colleges were invited to participate. Findings: Findings suggest that in selecting a university campus the university's reputation, academic staff, quality of the programs and job-placement were the most important factors that influenced student decisions. The comparative analyses reveal many similarities and some differences between the two groups while Thai students had a higher degree of satisfaction than Japanese counterparts which may perhaps be attributed to economic disparities. Implications: Findings may not be generally applicable as the sample was limited and cultural contexts were somewhat similar. Yet, there were generic factors applicable to most universities. Originality/value: These findings are valuable to university administrators and academics to improve the quality of services which are most important in influencing student perceptions in selecting a university. (Contains 11 tables.) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract
10. Thai Adolescent Survivors 1 Year after the 2004 Tsunami: A Mixed Methods Study (EJ802533)
Tuicomepee, Arunya; Romano, John L.
Journal of Counseling Psychology, v55 n3 p308-320 Jul 2008
2008-07-00
Descriptors: Health Services; Behavior Problems; Mental Health Programs; Adolescents; Educational Opportunities; Social Networks; Natural Disasters; Statistical Analysis; Family Relationship; Religion; Interviews; Prevention; Foreign Countries
Abstract: This study examined the impact of the 2004 Asian tsunami on 400 Thai adolescents 1 year after the disaster. Quantitative analyses showed that youth behavior problems were positively associated with tsunami experiences and negatively associated with positive family functioning. Tsunami exposure, school connectedness, religious beliefs and practices, and availability of mental health services did not predict behavior problems. Sequential regression analysis was performed with age, gender, tsunami experiences, and family functioning predicting youth behavior problems. In-depth interviews with 40 adolescents revealed many losses and difficulties after the tsunami, including death of parents and school difficulties. Positive aspects of recovery were support from family, peers, and other social networks and increased educational opportunities. (Contains 4 tables.) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract
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