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between Coos Bay and San Francisco. An extensive lumber business is also carried on. At Marshfield there is a shipyard employing 25 men, and the sawmill at the same place cuts 1,000,000 feet per month. Another mill at South Bend saws 700,000 feet per month, and gives occupation to 50 men, inclusive of those employed in a shipyard connected with it. Each year two or three vessels are launched. The county has unoccupied, and mainly unsurveyed, lands enough to support at least 50,000 people. There are fine grazing lands in the county, and its annual production of butter and cheese alone exceeds 100,000 pounds. It exports wool, and produces corn, wheat, oats, potatoes and apples in paying crops. With the exception of peaches, fruits thrive excellently.
Curry County, in the southwest corner of the State, on the California line, is very thinly populated, the last census showing only 1,208 inhabitants. Its area is mainly mountainous, and only a tithe of it has been surveyed. The people support themselves by sheep-raising, dairying, lumbering, fishing and placer mining.  The arable land under cultivation produces sufficiently for home consumption, and the total value of farm productions is set down at $69,000.
Douglas County lies in southwestern Oregon. Population, 9,596. Area, 3,710,000 acres, only one-half of which has been surveyed, and only 690,000 acres are occupied. The country is well watered, and the valleys of the Umpqua River and its tributaries are remarkably fruitful. The Umpqua Valley is especially beautiful, being bounded on either side by high wooded hills, and, the lands being in a high state of cultivation, the whole region presents a great variety of scenery.
The products of the valley are varied and bountiful. Every sort of vegetable known in the temperate zone, the cereals and all the fruits, excepting peaches, yield in abundance. The fruit is especially fine-flavored. The county is noted for its sheep. The wool is of the finest quality, commanding from 3 to 4 cents more per pound in San Francisco than that of the Willamette Valley. Nearly every farmer keeps a flock, principally of merino stock, and in the lower Umpqua the animals are held only for the wool, and not used for mutton. In 1880, Douglas County shipped 1,000,0(0 pounds of wool and drove 27,000 sheep into Nevada.
The yield of wheat is set down at 441,000 bushels; of apples, at 257,000 bushels; of oats, at 347,000 bushels, and 280,000 pounds of butter and cheese. About 800 hides are annually tanned in the Umpqua Valley. The chief business on the lower Umpqua River is lumbering. There is a good harbor at the mouth of the stream for small vessels, which transport the lumber to San Francisco. The product per year amounts to about 3,000,000 feet, and $300,0u0 are disbursed during the same period for labor and material. Salmon-canning is also an important business.
There are two establishments on the river which put up about 10,000 cases.
North of the Umpqua is a fine section of country on the Siuslaw River, in which a few families are settled. The Siilslaw abounds in salmon, and the forest tracts are very fine. The Government will probably survey this region at an early day. In educational advantages, Douglas County keeps up to the mark. Each district has at least one school term in the year. Umpqua Academy, at Wilbur, is one of the oldest educational establishments in the State, and is a first-class school. There are several flourishing towns in the county. Of these, the principal is Roseburg, with  a population of 822.  This place is the southern terminus of the Oregon and California Railroad, distant from Portland 200 miles, and, with direct rail communication, it is the shipping and distributing centre of Southern Oregon. There are churches of almost every denomination, and many fine residences and large business establishments. Considerable gold mining is carried on in several localities. The climate is mild and equable, and admits of
out-door work throughout the year.
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