Identification_Information: Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Hurricane Center Publication_Date: 200109 Title: Historical North Atlantic Hurricane Tracks - Major Storms with Landfall in the United States Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Reston, VA Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Online_Linkage: Description: Abstract: This Historical North Atlantic Hurricane Tracks file of Major Storms with Landfall in the United States contains the 6-hourly (0000, 0600, 1200, 1800 UTC) center locations and intensities for all major storms from 1851 through 2000. Major storms are those that made landfall in the United States and that were classified on the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale as category 3, 4, or 5 at the time of landfall. Landfalling storms are defined as those storms whose center is reported to have either crossed or passed directly adjacent to the U.S. coastline, and which came ashore with tropical storm intensity or greater (sustained surface winds of 34 knots or 39 miles per hour or greater). Purpose: These data are intended for geographic display and analysis at the national level, and for large regional areas. The data should be displayed and analyzed at scales appropriate for 1:2,000,000-scale data. No responsibility is assumed by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration or the U.S. Geological Survey in the use of these data. Supplemental_Information: An ASCII format version of the Historical Atlantic Tropical Cyclone Tracks file is available at . The ASCII file contains the source information from which the file of major landfalling storms was drawn. For more information on the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale, please see . For more information on tropical cyclone advisories, please see . General information on subtropical and tropical cyclones is available from the National Hurricane Center FAQ page at , and from the Hurricane Basics page at . Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 18510816 Ending_Date: 19990824 Currentness_Reference: Ground condition Status: Progress: Complete Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: Annually Spatial_Domain: Bounding_Coordinates: West_Bounding_Coordinate: -107.0 East_Bounding_Coordinate: -20.0 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 60.2 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 10.1 Keywords: Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Theme_Keyword: hurricanes Theme_Keyword: historical hurricanes Theme_Keyword: hurricane tracks Theme_Keyword: historical hurricane tracks Theme_Keyword: tropical storms Theme_Keyword: tropical depressions Theme_Keyword: major hurricanes Theme_Keyword: intense hurricanes Theme_Keyword: tropical storm tracks Theme_Keyword: historical tropical cyclone tracks Theme_Keyword: tropical cyclones Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Place_Keyword: Atlantic Place_Keyword: North Atlantic Basin Place_Keyword: Gulf of Mexico Place_Keyword: Caribbean Sea Access_Constraints: None Use_Constraints: None. Acknowledgement of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Hurricane Center and (or) the National Atlas of the United States of America would be appreciated in products derived from these data. Point_of_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: NOAA Coastal Services Center Contact_Position: Clearinghouse Manager Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 2234 South Hobson Avenue City: Charleston State_or_Province: SC Postal_Code: 29405-2413 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 843-740-1200 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 843-740-1315 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: clearinghouse@csc.noaa.gov Hours_of_Service: Monday - Friday 8:00AM - 5:00PM EST Native_Data_Set_Environment: ArcView version 3.2a Data_Quality_Information: Attribute_Accuracy: Attribute_Accuracy_Report: Specific accuracy information can be found in Neumann, C.J., B.R. Jarvinen, C.J. McAdie and G.R. Hammer, 1999: Tropical Cyclones of the North Atlantic Ocean, 1871-1999 (fifth revision). NCDC/NHC Historical Climatology Series 6-2, pp.11-14. Similar standards and techniques were applied to the data for 2000. Logical_Consistency_Report: Over-water portions of storm tracks before 1944 are subject to considerable uncertainties. Aircraft reconnaissance of storms near critical areas was introduced in 1944, and continuous weather satellite surveillance was introduced in the mid-1960's. These two developments mean that more recent storm records have a higher degree of accuracy than those prior to 1944. No tests for logical consistency have been performed on this data set. Completeness_Report: This data set contains all known Atlantic Basin (Gulf of Mexico, Caribbean Sea, and North Atlantic Ocean) major hurricanes that made landfall in the United States and that occurred between 1851 And 1999. Major landfalling hurricanes are those that were classified on the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale as category 3, 4, or 5 at the time of landfall. Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: Over-water portions of storm tracks before 1944 are subject to considerable uncertainties. Aircraft reconnaissance of storms near critical areas was introduced in 1944, and continuous weather satellite surveillance was introduced in the mid-1960's. These two developments allow a high degree of probability that more recent storm center locations were determined with a reasonable degree of accuracy. Lineage: Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: National Hurricane Center Publication_Date: 200105 Title: Atlantic Tropical Cyclone Tracks Edition: 2000 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: map Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Miami, FL Publisher: NOAA National Hurricane Center Online_Linkage: Type_of_Source_Media: online Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 1851 Ending_Date: 2000 Source_Currentness_Reference: Ground condition Source_Citation_Abbreviation: h1851-1999 Source_Contribution: Spatial and attribute information. Process_Step: Process_Description: Historical track information was downloaded from the National Hurricane Center's Web site. The textual information was formatted using a PERL script written by the NOAA Coastal Services Center. The file of was then brought into ArcView as a table and converted to a shapefile with attributes using an Avenue script. This file contained all the subtropical depressions and storms, tropical depressions and storms, and all hurricanes, from 1851 through 2000. (The file of all storms is included in the National Atlas of the United States as huralll020.) The file of major landfalling hurricanes was created by first extracting all landfalling storms from the file of all storms, according to the landfall attribute field. Then, landfall location and intensity information for the resulting data set was extracted from the original source file and added as a separate attribute. Finally, the location information was used to extract those storms that made landfall as major hurricanes. Process_Date: 20010711 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: NOAA Coastal Services Center Contact_Position: Spatial Analyst Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 2234 South Hobson Avenue City: Charleston State_or_Province: SC Postal_Code: 29405-2413 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 843-740-1200 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 843-740-1315 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: clearinghouse@csc.noaa.gov Hours_of_Service: Monday - Friday 8:00AM - 5:00PM EST Spatial_Data_Organization_Information: Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Vector Point_and_Vector_Object_Information: SDTS_Terms_Description: SDTS_Point_and_Vector_Object_Type: String Point_and_Vector_Object_Count: 3175 Spatial_Reference_Information: Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition: Geographic: Latitude_Resolution: 0.1 Longitude_Resolution: 0.1 Geographic_Coordinate_Units: Decimal degrees Geodetic_Model: Horizontal_Datum_Name: North American Datum of 1983 Ellipsoid_Name: GRS1980 Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.0 Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257222 Entity_and_Attribute_Information: Detailed_Description: Entity_Type: Entity_Type_Label: Major hurricane tracks (described by Hurmjrl020.dbf) Entity_Type_Definition: The path followed by the center of a major landfalling hurricane. A major landfalling hurricane is one that made landfall in the United States and that was classified on the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale as a category 3, 4, or 5 hurricane at the time of landfall. A hurricane is a warm-core tropical cyclone in which the maximum sustained surface wind is 64 knots/74 mph or more. A landfalling storm is defined as a storm whose center is reported to have either crossed or passed directly adjacent to the U.S. coastline, and which came ashore with tropical storm intensity or greater. Entity_Type_Definition_Source: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Hurricane Center Attribute: Attribute_Label: Shape Attribute_Definition: The representation of the entity in the data. Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Polyline Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: 1-dimensional element that may or may not surround a 2- dimensional element. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: ESRI GIS software Attribute: Attribute_Label: Fnode# Attribute_Definition: Internal sequence number of the from-node. Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0 Range_Domain_Maximum: 0 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Tnode# Attribute_Definition: Internal sequence number of the to-node. Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0 Range_Domain_Maximum: 0 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Lpoly# Attribute_Definition: Internal sequence number of the left polygon. Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0 Range_Domain_Maximum: 0 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Rpoly# Attribute_Definition: Internal sequence number of the right polygon. Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0 Range_Domain_Maximum: 0 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Length Attribute_Definition: Length of the line in coverage units. Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.100 Range_Domain_Maximum: 9.708 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Hurmjrl020 Attribute_Definition: Internal feature number. Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 1 Range_Domain_Maximum: 3175 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Name Attribute_Definition: The given name of a storm. Storms are named if they are true tropical storms and attain a sustained wind speed of at least 39 mph. Attribute_Definition_Source: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Hurricane Center Attribute_Domain_Values: Codeset_Domain: Codeset_Name: World-Wide Tropical Cyclone Names Codeset_Source: World Meteorological Organization Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Not Named Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: There is no given name for the storm. Prior to 1950 storms were not named. Later storms may be unnamed if they were not recognized as tropical storms or hurricanes at the time of their occurrence. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Hurricane Center Attribute: Attribute_Label: Btid Attribute_Definition: The unique event identifier. Attribute_Definition_Source: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Hurricane Center Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 3 Range_Domain_Maximum: 1210 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Date Attribute_Definition: The year, month and day of the storm advisory, in the format yyyymmdd. Advisories are issued for storms that have attained at least tropical depression status, and are issued every 6 hours, at 0000, 0600, 1200, and 1800 hours. Advisories are discontinued once a storm makes landfall and all storm warnings are dropped, or when the wind speed drops below 30 knots or 35 mph. The records for each date are listed in order. Attribute_Definition_Source: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Hurricane Center Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 18510816 Range_Domain_Maximum: 19990824 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Windspeed1 Attribute_Definition: The measured or estimated windspeed at the time of the advisory, in whole knots. Attribute_Definition_Source: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Hurricane Center Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 15 Range_Domain_Maximum: 165 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Pressure1 Attribute_Definition: The measured or estimated barometric pressure at the time of the advisory, in millibars. A value of 0 indicates the barometric pressure is unknown. Attribute_Definition_Source: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Hurricane Center Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0 Range_Domain_Maximum: 1020 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Location Attribute_Definition: A code indicating where in the United States the storm made landfall and at what intensity, in the format HR ST#. ST is the two-character State abbreviation, or a location code from the table below, and # is the intensity classification on the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale. A second code in the string (HR ST# ST#) indicates the location and intensity of the storm when it passed back over water, a third code in the string indicates the location and intensity of a second landfall, etc. > > Code Location >----------------------------------------------------------------------- > AFL NW Florida coast - the Gulf coast down to Tarpon > Springs > BFL SW Florida coast - Tarpon Springs to the Keys > CFL SE Florida coast - north to Cape Canaveral > DFL NE Florida coast - north of Cape Canaveral > CTX Central Texas coast between Corpus Christi and > Matagorda Bay > NTX Northern Texas coast from Matagorda Bay to the > Louisiana state line > STX Southern Texas coast south of Corpus Christi > For example, Hurricane Andrew (1992) has a location code of HR CFL4 BFL3 LA3, which means that Andrew made landfall as a category 4 hurricane on the southeast coast of Florida, crossed the peninsula and exited as a category 3 hurricane on the southwest coast of Florida, crossed the Gulf of Mexico and then made final landfall on the Louisiana coast as a category 3 hurricane. Attribute_Definition_Source: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Hurricane Center Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: There is no predefined set of valid location codes. Attribute: Attribute_Label: Winds_mph Attribute_Definition: The measured or estimated windspeed at the time of the advisory, in whole miles per hour. Attribute_Definition_Source: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Hurricane Center Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 17 Range_Domain_Maximum: 190 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Category Attribute_Definition: The intensity classification of the storm. Hurricanes are classified according to the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale. Attribute_Definition_Source: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Hurricane Center Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: H1 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: The storm was classified as a category 1 hurricane at the time of the advisory. A category 1 hurricane is a tropical cyclone with maximum sustained surface (10 meter) winds of 64 knots/74 mph to 82 knots/95 mph, inclusive. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Hurricane Center Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: H2 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: The storm was classified as a category 2 hurricane at the time of the advisory . A category 2 hurricane is a tropical cyclone with maximum sustained surface (10 meter) winds of 83 knots/96 mph to 95 knots/110 mph, inclusive. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Hurricane Center Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: H3 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: The storm was classified as a category 3 hurricane at the time of the advisory. A category 3 hurricane is a tropical cyclone with maximum sustained surface (10 meter) winds of 96 knots/111 mph to 113 knots/130 mph, inclusive. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Hurricane Center Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: H4 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: The storm was classified as a category 4 hurricane at the time of the advisory. A category 4 hurricane is a tropical cyclone with maximum sustained surface (10 meter) winds of 114 knots/131 mph to 135 knots/155 mph, inclusive. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Hurricane Center Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: H5 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: The storm was classified as a category 5 hurricane at the time of the advisory. A category 5 hurricane is a tropical cyclone with maximum sustained surface (10 meter) winds greater than 135 knots/ 155 mph. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Hurricane Center Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: TD Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: The storm was classified as a tropical depression at the time of the advisory. A tropical depression is a tropical cyclone with maximum sustained surface (10 meter) winds of less than 34 knots/ 39 mph. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Hurricane Center Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: TS Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: The storm was classified as a tropical storm at the time of the advisory. A tropical storm is a tropical cyclone with maximum sustained surface (10 meter) winds of 34 knots/39 mph to 64 knots/ 74 mph, inclusive. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Hurricane Center Distribution_Information: Distributor: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: Earth Science Information Center, U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing address Address: 507 National Center City: Reston State_or_Province: VA Postal_Code: 20192 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 1-888-ASK-USGS (1-888-275-8747) Contact_Voice_Telephone: 703-648-5920 Contact_Instructions: In addition to the address above there are other ESIC offices throughout the country. A full list of these offices is at . Distribution_Liability: Although these data have been processed successfully on a computer system at the U.S. Geological Survey, no warranty expressed or implied is made by the U.S. Geological Survey regarding the utility of the data on any other system, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. No responsibility is assumed by the U.S. Geological Survey in the use of these data. Standard_Order_Process: Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: ESRI Shapefile Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: Digital_Transfer_Option: Offline_Option: Offline_Media: CD_ROM Recording_Format:tar Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: SDTS Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: Digital_Transfer_Option: Offline_Option: Offline_Media: CD_ROM Recording_Format:tar Fees: There is no charge for the online option. For National Atlas files ordered on CD-ROM there is a base price of $45.00 per disc, a handling fee of $5.00, and a per-file charge based on file size. The charge for files less than 10 megabytes in size is $1.00. The charge for files that range in size from 10 to 150 megabytes is $7.50. The charge for files of 150 megabytes or larger is $15.00. The charge is $1.00 for the Historical North Atlantic Tropical Cyclone Tracks - Major Storms with Landfall in the United States data set. Ordering_Instructions: To order files on CD-ROM, please see . Metadata_Reference_Information: Metadata_Date: 20010919 Metadata_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: NOAA Coastal Services Center Contact_Position: Spatial Analyst Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 2234 South Hobson Avenue City: Charleston State_or_Province: SC Postal_Code: 29405-2413 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 843-740-1200 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 843-740-1315 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: clearinghouse@csc.noaa.gov Hours_of_Service: Monday - Friday 8:00AM - 5:00PM EST Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998 Metadata_Security_Information: Metadata_Security_Classification_System: None Metadata_Security_Classification: Unclassified Metadata_Security_Handling_Description: None