Metadata: Identification_Information: Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Tropical Prediction Center/National Hurricane Center Publication_Date: 200509 Title: Historical North Atlantic Tropical Cyclone Tracks, 1851-2004 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Reston, VA Publisher: National Atlas of the United States Online_Linkage: Description: Abstract: This Historical North Atlantic Tropical Cyclone Tracks file contains the six-hourly (0000, 0600, 1200, 1800 UTC) center locations and intensities for all northern Atlantic subtropical depressions and storms, extratropical storms, tropical lows, waves, disturbances, depressions and storms, and all hurricanes, from 1851 through 2004. Included are storms in the Caribbean Sea and the Gulf of Mexico. This is a replacement for the January 2005 map layer distributed as Historical North Atlantic Tropical Cyclone Tracks, 1851-2003. Purpose: These data are intended for geographic display and analysis at the national level, and for large regional areas. The data should be displayed and analyzed at scales appropriate for 1:2,000,000-scale data. No responsibility is assumed by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration or the National Atlas of the United States in the use of these data. Supplemental_Information: An ASCII format version of the Historical Atlantic Tropical Cyclone Tracks file is available at . For more information on the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale, please see . For more information on tropical cyclone advisories, please see . General information on subtropical and tropical cyclones is available from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory, Hurricane Research Division FAQ page at , and from the National Hurricane Center Hurricane Basics page at . Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 18510625 Ending_Date: 20041205 Currentness_Reference: Ground condition Status: Progress: Complete Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: Annually Spatial_Domain: Bounding_Coordinates: West_Bounding_Coordinate: -109.3 East_Bounding_Coordinate: 13.5 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 70.7 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 7.2 Keywords: Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category Theme_Keyword: climatologyMeteorologyAtmosphere Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Theme_Keyword: Hurricanes Theme_Keyword: Historical hurricanes Theme_Keyword: Hurricane tracks Theme_Keyword: Historical hurricane tracks Theme_Keyword: Tropical storms Theme_Keyword: Subtropical storms Theme_Keyword: Subtropical depressions Theme_Keyword: Tropical depressions Theme_Keyword: Tropical disturbances Theme_Keyword: Tropical waves Theme_Keyword: Tropical lows Theme_Keyword: Extratropical storms Theme_Keyword: Major hurricanes Theme_Keyword: Intense hurricanes Theme_Keyword: Tropical storm tracks Theme_Keyword: Historical tropical cyclone tracks Theme_Keyword: Tropical cyclones Theme_Keyword: Subtropical cyclones Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Place_Keyword: United States Place_Keyword: Atlantic Place_Keyword: North Atlantic Basin Place_Keyword: Gulf of Mexico Place_Keyword: Caribbean Sea Place_Keyword: Alabama Place_Keyword: Alaska Place_Keyword: Arizona Place_Keyword: Arkansas Place_Keyword: California Place_Keyword: Colorado Place_Keyword: Connecticut Place_Keyword: Delaware Place_Keyword: District of Columbia Place_Keyword: Florida Place_Keyword: Georgia Place_Keyword: Hawaii Place_Keyword: Idaho Place_Keyword: Illinois Place_Keyword: Indiana Place_Keyword: Iowa Place_Keyword: Kansas Place_Keyword: Kentucky Place_Keyword: Louisiana Place_Keyword: Maine Place_Keyword: Maryland Place_Keyword: Massachusetts Place_Keyword: Michigan Place_Keyword: Minnesota Place_Keyword: Mississippi Place_Keyword: Missouri Place_Keyword: Montana Place_Keyword: Nebraska Place_Keyword: Nevada Place_Keyword: New Hampshire Place_Keyword: New Jersey Place_Keyword: New Mexico Place_Keyword: New York Place_Keyword: North Carolina Place_Keyword: North Dakota Place_Keyword: Ohio Place_Keyword: Oklahoma Place_Keyword: Oregon Place_Keyword: Pennsylvania Place_Keyword: Rhode Island Place_Keyword: South Carolina Place_Keyword: South Dakota Place_Keyword: Tennessee Place_Keyword: Texas Place_Keyword: Utah Place_Keyword: Vermont Place_Keyword: Virginia Place_Keyword: Washington Place_Keyword: West Virginia Place_Keyword: Wisconsin Place_Keyword: Wyoming Place_Keyword: Puerto Rico Place_Keyword: U.S. Virgin Islands Access_Constraints: None Use_Constraints: None. Acknowledgement of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Tropical Prediction Center/National Hurricane Center, the NOAA Coastal Services Center and (or) the National Atlas of the United States of America would be appreciated in products derived from these data. Point_of_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: NOAA Coastal Services Center Contact_Position: Clearinghouse Manager Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and physical address Address: 2234 South Hobson Avenue City: Charleston State_or_Province: SC Postal_Code: 29405-2413 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 843-740-1200 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 843-740-1315 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: clearinghouse@csc.noaa.gov Hours_of_Service: Monday - Friday 8:00 AM - 5:00 PM Eastern Time Native_Data_Set_Environment: Formatted ASCII text file Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Tropical Prediction Center/National Hurricane Center Publication_Date: 200509 Title: Historical North Atlantic Hurricane Tracks - Major Storms with Landfall in the United States, 1851-2004 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Reston, VA Publisher: National Atlas of the United States Online_Linkage: Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Tropical Prediction Center/National Hurricane Center Publication_Date: 200509 Title: Historical Eastern North Pacific Tropical Cyclone Tracks, 1949-2004 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Reston, VA Publisher: National Atlas of the United States Online_Linkage: Data_Quality_Information: Attribute_Accuracy: Attribute_Accuracy_Report: Specific accuracy information can be found in Neumann, C.J., B.R. Jarvinen, C.J. McAdie and G.R. Hammer, 1999: Tropical Cyclones of the North Atlantic Ocean, 1871-1999 (fifth revision). NCDC/NHC Historical Climatology Series 6-2, pp.11-14. Similar standards and techniques were applied to the post-1999 data. Logical_Consistency_Report: Over-water portions of storm tracks before 1944 are subject to considerable uncertainties. Aircraft reconnaissance of storms near critical areas was introduced in 1944, and continuous weather satellite surveillance was introduced in the mid-1960s. These two developments mean that more recent storm records have a higher degree of accuracy than those prior to 1944. No tests for logical consistency have been performed on this map layer. Completeness_Report: This map layer includes all known Atlantic Basin (Gulf of Mexico, Caribbean Sea, and North Atlantic Ocean) tropical cyclones between 1851 and 2004. The term tropical cyclone as used here refers to subtropical depressions and storms, tropical depressions and storms, and all categories of hurricanes from Category 1 to Category 5. This map layer also includes hybrid systems such as tropical lows, waves, and disturbances, as well as extratropical storms. Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: Over-water portions of storm tracks before 1944 are subject to considerable uncertainties. Aircraft reconnaissance of storms near critical areas was introduced in 1944, and continuous weather satellite surveillance was introduced in the mid-1960s. These two developments allow a high degree of probability that more recent storm center locations were determined with a reasonable degree of accuracy. Lineage: Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Tropical Prediction Center/National Hurricane Center Publication_Date: 200503 Title: Atlantic Tracks File 1851-2004 Edition: 2004 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: Map Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Miami, FL Publisher: NOAA National Hurricane Center Online_Linkage: Type_of_Source_Media: Online Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 1851 Ending_Date: 2004 Source_Currentness_Reference: Ground condition Source_Citation_Abbreviation: ATL_2004 Source_Contribution: Spatial and attribute information. Process_Step: Process_Description: Historical track information was downloaded from the National Hurricane Center's Web site. The ASCII text file was formatted into an Arc/INFO table using AML. The INFO table was then processed into a generate file and an attribute table that were converted into an attributed cover. Location points are recorded every 6 hours. Each recorded point was associated with a unique line that extends from that point to the next recorded point. Small line segments, approximately 0.0001 degree long, were added to the end of each storm track to retain the final collection point's information. In the source data, tracks that crossed the 0-degree longitude line had negative longitude values even in the eastern hemisphere. These longitude values were converted to the corresponding positive longitude values. A limit in the processing software will not allow duplicate points, so where a storm stood still longer than the six-hour collection interval, the next location point was offset approximately 0.0001 degrees to retain relevant information. The cover was converted into a shapefile and an SDTS-formatted file. Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: ATL_2004 Process_Date: 200508 Spatial_Data_Organization_Information: Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Vector Point_and_Vector_Object_Information: SDTS_Terms_Description: SDTS_Point_and_Vector_Object_Type: String Point_and_Vector_Object_Count: 37706 Spatial_Reference_Information: Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition: Geographic: Latitude_Resolution: 0.1 Longitude_Resolution: 0.1 Geographic_Coordinate_Units: Decimal degrees Geodetic_Model: Horizontal_Datum_Name: North American Datum of 1983 Ellipsoid_Name: GRS1980 Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.0 Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257222 Entity_and_Attribute_Information: Detailed_Description: Entity_Type: Entity_Type_Label: Subtropical and tropical cyclone tracks (described by huralll020.dbf) Entity_Type_Definition: The path followed by the center of a subtropical or tropical cyclone or related storm. A subtropical cyclone is a low pressure system that develops over subtropical waters and that initially has a non- tropical circulation but in which some elements of tropical cyclone cloud structure are present. Subtropical cyclones can evolve into tropical cyclones. A tropical cyclone is a warm-core, non-frontal low-pressure system that develops over tropical or subtropical waters, covering a large region and with organized convection (i.e. thunderstorm activity) and definite cyclonic (counter-clockwise circular) surface wind circulation. Related storms are those that develop into subtropical or tropical cyclones or develop from them, such as tropical disturbances, lows, waves, and extratropical storms. Entity_Type_Definition_Source: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Tropical Prediction Center/National Hurricane Center Attribute: Attribute_Label: Shape Attribute_Definition: The representation of the entity in the data. Attribute_Definition_Source: National Atlas of the United States Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: PolyLine Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: 1-dimensional element that may or may not surround a 2- dimensional element. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: ESRI GIS software Attribute: Attribute_Label: Fnode# Attribute_Definition: Internal sequence number of the from-node. Attribute_Definition_Source: National Atlas of the United States Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0 Range_Domain_Maximum: 0 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Tnode# Attribute_Definition: Internal sequence number of the to-node. Attribute_Definition_Source: National Atlas of the United States Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0 Range_Domain_Maximum: 0 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Lpoly# Attribute_Definition: Internal sequence number of the left polygon. Attribute_Definition_Source: National Atlas of the United States Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0 Range_Domain_Maximum: 0 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Rpoly# Attribute_Definition: Internal sequence number of the right polygon. Attribute_Definition_Source: National Atlas of the United States Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0 Range_Domain_Maximum: 0 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Length Attribute_Definition: The length of the line in coverage units. In the distributed file, coverage units represent decimal degrees. Attribute_Definition_Source: National Atlas of the United States Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.000 Range_Domain_Maximum: 11.180 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Huralll020 Attribute_Definition: Internal feature number. Attribute_Definition_Source: National Atlas of the United States Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 1 Range_Domain_Maximum: 37706 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Year Attribute_Definition: The year of the storm advisory, in the format yyyy. Advisories are issued for storms that have attained at least tropical depression status, and are issued every six hours, at 0000, 0600, 1200, and 1800 hours. Tropical Prediction Center/National Hurricane Center advisories are discontinued once a storm makes landfall and all storm warnings are dropped, or when the wind speed drops below 30 knots or 35 mph. The records for each date are listed in order. Attribute_Definition_Source: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Tropical Prediction Center/National Hurricane Center Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 1851 Range_Domain_Maximum: 2004 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Month Attribute_Definition: The month of the storm advisory. Advisories are issued for storms that have attained at least tropical depression status, and are issued every six hours, at 0000, 0600, 1200, and 1800 hours. Tropical Prediction Center/National Hurricane Center advisories are discontinued once a storm makes landfall and all storm warnings are dropped, or when the wind speed drops below 30 knots or 35 mph. The records for each date are listed in order. Attribute_Definition_Source: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Tropical Prediction Center/National Hurricane Center Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 1 Range_Domain_Maximum: 12 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Day Attribute_Definition: The day of the storm advisory. Advisories are issued for storms that have attained at least tropical depression status, and are issued every six hours, at 0000, 0600, 1200, and 1800 hours. Tropical Prediction Center/National Hurricane Center advisories are discontinued once a storm makes landfall and all storm warnings are dropped, or when the wind speed drops below 30 knots or 35 mph. The records for each date are listed in order. Attribute_Definition_Source: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Tropical Prediction Center/National Hurricane Center Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 1 Range_Domain_Maximum: 31 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Btid Attribute_Definition: The unique event identifier. Identifiers are sequential, starting with 1 in June, 1851 and ending with 1325 in December, 2004. Attribute_Definition_Source: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Tropical Prediction Center/National Hurricane Center Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 1 Range_Domain_Maximum: 1325 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Name Attribute_Definition: The given name of a storm. Storms are named if they are true tropical storms and attain a sustained wind speed of at least 39 mph. Attribute_Definition_Source: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Tropical Prediction Center/National Hurricane Center Attribute_Domain_Values: Codeset_Domain: Codeset_Name: World-Wide Tropical Cyclone Names Codeset_Source: World Meteorological Organization Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: NOT NAMED Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: There is no given name for the storm. Prior to 1950 storms were not named. Later storms that were not recognized as tropical storms or hurricanes at the time of their occurrence are also not named. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Tropical Prediction Center/National Hurricane Center Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: SUBTROP Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: There is no given name for the storm because it was classified as a subtropical depression or subtropical storm. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Tropical Prediction Center/National Hurricane Center Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: SUBTROP1 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: There is no given name for the storm because it was classified as a subtropical depression or subtropical storm. Subtrop1 is the first subtropical cyclone for a given year. A storm may initially be identified as Subtrop1 but then be given a name if it develops into a tropical storm; in this case there will be no storm identified as Subtrop1 for the year even though there may be a storm identified as Subtrop2. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Tropical Prediction Center/National Hurricane Center Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: SUBTROP2 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: There is no given name for the storm because it was classified as a subtropical depression or subtropical storm. Subtrop2 is the second subtropical cyclone for a given year. A storm may initially be identified as Subtrop2 but then be given a name if it develops into a tropical storm; in this case there will be no storm identified as Subtrop2 for the year even though there may be a storm identified as Subtrop3. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Tropical Prediction Center/National Hurricane Center Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: SUBTROP3 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: There is no given name for the storm because it was classified as a subtropical depression or subtropical storm. Subtrop3 is the third subtropical cyclone for a given year. A storm may initially be identified as Subtrop3 but then be given a name if it develops into a tropical storm; in this case there will be no storm identified as Subtrop3 for the year even though there may be a storm identified as Subtrop4. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Tropical Prediction Center/National Hurricane Center Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: SUBTROP4 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: There is no given name for the storm because it was classified as a subtropical depression or subtropical storm. Subtrop4 is the fourth subtropical cyclone for a given year. A storm may initially be identified as Subtrop4 but then be given a name if it develops into a tropical storm; in this case there will be no storm identified as Subtrop4 for the year. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Tropical Prediction Center/National Hurricane Center Attribute: Attribute_Label: Category Attribute_Definition: The intensity classification of the storm. Hurricanes are classified according to the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale. Attribute_Definition_Source: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Tropical Prediction Center/National Hurricane Center Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: D Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: The storm was classified as a tropical disturbance at the time of the advisory. A tropical disturbance is a discrete tropical weather system of apparently organized convection (i.e. thunderstorm activity), which is generally 100 to 300 nautical miles in diameter. It originates in the tropics or subtropics, has a nonfrontal migratory character, and maintains its identity for 24 hours or more. It does not necessarily exhibit circulation, but may develop into a tropical cyclone. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Tropical Prediction Center/National Hurricane Center Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: E Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: The storm was classified as Extratropical at the time of the advisory. Extratropical is a term used in advisories and tropical summaries to indicate that a cyclone has lost its tropical characteristics. The term implies both that the cyclone has moved out of the tropics and that the energy source driving the storm has changed. While tropical cyclones derive their energy from the convection of warm, moist air, extratropical storms derive their energy from the temperature contrast between warm and cold air masses. It is important to note that cyclones can become extratropical and still retain winds of hurricane or tropical storm force. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Tropical Prediction Center/National Hurricane Center Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: h3 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: The storm was classified as a Category 1 hurricane at the time of the advisory. A Category 1 hurricane is a tropical cyclone with maximum sustained surface (10 meter) winds of 64 knots/74 mph to 82 knots/95 mph, inclusive. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Tropical Prediction Center/National Hurricane Center Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: H2 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: The storm was classified as a Category 2 hurricane at the time of the advisory. A Category 2 hurricane is a tropical cyclone with maximum sustained surface (10 meter) winds of 83 knots/96 mph to 95 knots/110 mph, inclusive. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Tropical Prediction Center/National Hurricane Center Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: H3 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: The storm was classified as a Category 3 hurricane at the time of the advisory. A Category 3 hurricane is a tropical cyclone with maximum sustained surface (10 meter) winds of 96 knots/111 mph to 113 knots/130 mph, inclusive. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Tropical Prediction Center/National Hurricane Center Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: H4 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: The storm was classified as a Category 4 hurricane at the time of the advisory. A Category 4 hurricane is a tropical cyclone with maximum sustained surface (10 meter) winds of 114 knots/131 mph to 135 knots/155 mph, inclusive. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Tropical Prediction Center/National Hurricane Center Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: H5 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: The storm was classified as a Category 5 hurricane at the time of the advisory. A Category 5 hurricane is a tropical cyclone with maximum sustained surface (10 meter) winds greater than 135 knots/155 mph. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Tropical Prediction Center/National Hurricane Center Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: L Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: The storm was classified as a tropical low at the time of the advisory. A tropical low indicates low pressure at the surface, but no other characteristics of a tropical cyclone are present. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Tropical Prediction Center/National Hurricane Center Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: SD Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: The storm was classified as a subtropical depression at the time of the advisory. A subtropical depression is a subtropical cyclone with maximum sustained surface (10 meter) winds of less than 34 knots/39 mph. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Tropical Prediction Center/ National Hurricane Center Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: SS Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: The storm was classified as a subtropical storm at the time of the advisory. A subtropical storm is a subtropical cyclone with maximum sustained surface (10 meter) winds of 34 knots/39 mph or greater. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Tropical Prediction Center/ National Hurricane Center Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: TD Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: The storm was classified as a tropical depression at the time of the advisory. A tropical depression is a tropical cyclone with maximum sustained surface (10 meter) winds of less than 34 knots/ 39 mph. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Tropical Prediction Center/National Hurricane Center Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: TS Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: The storm was classified as a tropical storm at the time of the advisory. A tropical storm is a tropical cyclone with maximum sustained surface (10 meter) winds of 34 knots/39 mph to 64 knots/73 mph, inclusive. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Tropical Prediction Center/National Hurricane Center Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: W Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: The storm was classified as a tropical wave at the time of the advisory. Tropical waves occur in the trade-wind easterlies, moving to the west with a wave-like motion. They show a detectable shift in wind direction, which may not be detectable at the surface but may be seen in the middle atmosphere. A tropical wave may develop into a tropical cyclone. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Tropical Prediction Center/National Hurricane Center Attribute: Attribute_Label: Long Attribute_Definition: The longitude of the starting point of the storm track segment, in tenths of a degree. Storm center positions are collected every six hours, and each storm center position is represented by a longitude- latitude coordinate pair. When a storm stood still longer than the six-hour collection interval, the next location point was offset approximately 0.0001 degrees to retain relevant information. Any variation in longitude smaller than 0.1 degrees should be assumed to be an introduced offset from the originally recorded point. Attribute_Definition_Source: National Atlas of the United States Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: -109.3000000 Range_Domain_Maximum: 13.5000000 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Lat Attribute_Definition: The latitude of the starting point of the storm track segment, in tenths of a degree. Storm center positions are collected every six hours, and each storm center position is represented by a longitude- latitude coordinate pair. When a storm stood still longer than the six-hour collection interval, the next location point was offset approximately 0.0001 degrees to retain relevant information. Any variation in longitude smaller than 0.1 degrees should be assumed to be an introduced offset from the originally recorded point. Attribute_Definition_Source: National Atlas of the United States Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 7.2000000 Range_Domain_Maximum: 70.7000000 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Wind_kts Attribute_Definition: The measured or estimated wind speed at the time of the advisory, in whole knots. Attribute_Definition_Source: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Tropical Prediction Center/National Hurricane Center Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 10.0 Range_Domain_Maximum: 165.0 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Pressure Attribute_Definition: The measured or estimated barometric pressure at the time of the advisory, in millibars. Attribute_Definition_Source: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Tropical Prediction Center/National Hurricane Center Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: 0 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: The barometric pressure is unknown. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Tropical Prediction Center/National Hurricane Center Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 888 Range_Domain_Maximum: 1024 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Wind_mph Attribute_Definition: The measured or estimated wind speed at the time of the advisory, rounded to the nearest 5 miles per hour Attribute_Definition_Source: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, NOAA Coastal Services Center Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 10.0 Range_Domain_Maximum: 190.0 Distribution_Information: Distributor: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: Earth Science Information Center, U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing address Address: 507 National Center City: Reston State_or_Province: VA Postal_Code: 20192 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 1-888-ASK-USGS (1-888-275-8747) Contact_Voice_Telephone: 703-648-5920 Contact_Instructions: In addition to the address above there are other ESIC offices throughout the country. A full list of these offices is at . Distribution_Liability: Although these data have been processed successfully on a computer system at the U.S. Geological Survey, no warranty expressed or implied is made by the U.S. Geological Survey or the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration regarding the utility of the data on any other system, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. No responsibility is assumed by the U.S. Geological Survey or the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration in the use of these data. Standard_Order_Process: Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: ESRI Shapefile Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: SDTS Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: Fees: There is no charge for the map layer. Metadata_Reference_Information: Metadata_Date: 20060619 Metadata_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Peg Rawson Contact_Organization: National Atlas of the United States Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing address Address: 12201 Sunrise Valley Dr Address: MS 561 City: Reston State_or_Province: VA Postal_Code: 20192 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 703-648-4183 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: atlasmail@usgs.gov Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998 Metadata_Security_Information: Metadata_Security_Classification_System: None Metadata_Security_Classification: Unclassified Metadata_Security_Handling_Description: None