| HJe | treatment method b-out d-out qh |
| ST | therapeutic method | |
| therapeutics | ||
| therapies | ||
| NT | +HKe AODU treatment method qh ah | |
| +HL emergency treatment method qh ah | ||
| +HM medical treatment method qh ah | ||
| +HZe psychosocial treatment method qh ah | ||
| RT | +FK6e conditioning qh ah | |
| +J prevention, treatment, and maintenance. health care qh ah | ||
| +JH6e preventive therapeutic measures qh ah | ||
| +JL treatment and patient care qh ah | ||
| +JPe treatment and maintenance qh ah | ||
| +JQ6.4.2 intoxication treatment qh ah | ||
| +JZe counseling qh ah |
| HJ2 | general treatment method concepts qh |
| HN | Introduced 2000. |
| HJ2.2e | treatment model qh |
| HN | Introduced 2000. | |
| SN | A treatment model is based on a disease model. Combine this descriptor with the appropriate descriptor from under *+GA8 disease model* qh ah. | |
| RT | +GA8 disease model qh ah | |
| +HM medical treatment method qh ah | ||
| +HZe psychosocial treatment method qh ah |
| HJ2.4 | treatment classification qh |
| HN | Introduced 2000. | |
| ST | therapy classification | |
| treatment typology | ||
| types of therapies |
| HJ2.6e | alternative medicine qh |
| HN | ETOH descriptor 2000. | |
| SN | Alternative methods of diagnosis and treatment. | |
| ST | alternative systems of medical practice | |
| NT | +HT6e alternative medical treatment qh ah | |
| RT | +HZ18e recreation therapy qh ah | |
| JH4.6.10.4 yoga qh ah |
| HKe | AODU treatment method d-out qh |
| NT | JP24.2e AODD rehabilitation qh ah | |
| BT | +GCe AODD qh ah | |
| +HJe treatment method qh ah | ||
| RT | +HZe psychosocial treatment method qh ah | |
| JA2.2.6e treatment outcome in HSR qh ah | ||
| JQ6.2e addiction care qh ah |
| HK2 | AODD treatment method qh |
| HK2.2 | . acute intoxication treatment method qh |
| HK2.4 | . detoxification method qh |
| RT | +JQ6.4.2.4e detoxification qh ah | |
| JT14.4.10.4 detoxification center qh ah |
| HK2.6e | . cessation of AODU qh |
| BT | +JB2.2e prevention of problematic AODU qh ah | |
| RT | AD12.10.4e AOD abstinence qh ah | |
| +AH18e AODD recovery qh ah |
| HK2.6.2 | . . cold turkey qh |
| SN | The act of being taken off (or taking oneself off) alcohol or other drugs suddenly and completely, without preparation. | |
| RT | AH18.2e spontaneous AODD remission qh ah | |
| +GC8e AOD withdrawal syndrome qh ah |
| HK2.8 | . AODD relapse prevention method qh |
| HK2.10 | . AODD drug therapy qh |
| NT | +HK2.12.2e chemical aversion therapy qh ah | |
| BT | +HRe drug therapy qh ah | |
| RT | +YPe anti-AOD-abuse agents qh ah |
| HK2.10.2e | . . chemical maintenance method qh |
| SN | Long term treatment of AODD by the administration of a drug that eliminates or lessens AOD-seeking behavior by decreasing craving and the effects of withdrawal. | |
| RT | AH10 AODU maintenance qh ah | |
| +JB4.6.2e harm reduction qh ah |
| HK2.10.2.2 | . . . AOD replacement method qh |
| HN | Introduced 1995. | |
| SN | The replacement or substitution of an AOD substance with another AOD substance to aid patients in gradually taking themselves off the AOD substance or product. Also, the replacement of one delivery system with another for the same substance, allowing more controlled and slower delivery that can be decreased over time. | |
| ST | agonist drug replacement | |
| drug substitution therapy | ||
| RT | AH8 drug substitution (abuse) qh ah |
| HK2.10.2.2.2 | . . . . methadone maintenance qh |
| BT | +ZQ10.2e methadone qh ah | |
| RT | +BL opioids in any form qh ah | |
| ZQ10.4e LAAM qh ah |
| HK2.10.2.2.4 | . . . . nicotine replacement qh |
| HN | Introduced 1995. | |
| SN | The replacement of nicotine delivery by smoking or chewing through the use of nicotine gum, nicotine patch, nasal spray, nicotine inhaler, or the oral transmucosal nicotine stick. In contrast to smoking, the absorption of nicotine via these alternative delivery systems is slower, produces lower plasma nicotine concentrations, and does not produce the high arterial blood levels associated with smoking, thus enabling the smoker to reduce nicotine intake. All the nicotine replacement systems eliminate the carcinogens and gases associated with tobacco smoke. | |
| NT | +BD8.2 nicotine replacement system qh ah | |
| BD8.2.2 nicotine gum qh ah | ||
| BD8.2.4 nicotine patch qh ah | ||
| EF4.4.4.6.2 nicotine inhaler qh ah | ||
| BT | +BDe tobacco in any form qh ah | |
| RT | +EFe route of administration qh ah |
| HK2.12 | . AODU deterrence method qh |
| BT | +HZ12.2e aversion therapy qh ah |
| HK2.12.2e | . . chemical aversion therapy qh |
| HN | ETOH descriptor 2000. | |
| BT | +HK2.10 AODD drug therapy qh ah | |
| +HRe drug therapy qh ah | ||
| +HXe psychiatric somatic therapy qh ah | ||
| RT | YT10.2.2 ipecac qh ah | |
| ZN2.16.2.10.2.2e succinylcholine chloride qh ah | ||
| ZP32.2e apomorphine qh ah | ||
| ZT6.12.2e emetine qh ah |
| HK2.12.2.2 | . . . disulfiram therapy qh |
| ST | Antabuse therapy | |
| BT | +ZJ2.6.10.4.4.2.2e disulfiram qh ah |
| HK4 | AODE treatment method qh |
| SN | Also index the specific methods for treating the condition resulting from AOD use. | |
| ST | treatment of AODE | |
| treatment of AODU effects |
| HK6 | novel AODU treatment method qh |
| RT | +HT other medical treatment method qh ah |
| HL | emergency treatment method d-out qh |
| BT | +HJe treatment method qh ah | |
| +OR14 response to accident qh ah | ||
| RT | +GH6e trauma qh ah | |
| JQ8.2e emergency care qh ah |
| HL2 | medical emergency treatment method qh |
| HN | Introduced 1995. | |
| BT | +HM medical treatment method qh ah |
| HL2.2 | . first aid qh |
| HL2.4 | . resuscitation qh |
| RT | HQ2.4 artificial respiration qh ah |
| HL2.4.2 | . . cardiopulmonary resuscitation qh |
| ST | CPR |
| HL2.6 | . cardioversion qh |
| HL4 | psychosocial emergency treatment method qh |
| HN | Introduced 1995. | |
| BT | +HZe psychosocial treatment method qh ah | |
| RT | JJ4.2 hot line qh ah |
| HM | medical treatment method d-out qh |
| ST | medical treatment approach | |
| NT | +HL2 medical emergency treatment method qh ah | |
| +HP physically based treatment method qh ah | ||
| +HQ physicochemically based treatment methods qh ah | ||
| +HRe drug therapy qh ah | ||
| +HS biological therapy qh ah | ||
| +HT other medical treatment method qh ah | ||
| +HU anesthesia and analgesia qh ah | ||
| +HVe operative surgery qh ah | ||
| +HXe psychiatric somatic therapy qh ah | ||
| BT | +HJe treatment method qh ah | |
| RT | +GA8.6e medical model qh ah | |
| HJ2.2e treatment model qh ah |
| HM2 | general therapeutic measure qh |
| RT | +HU anesthesia and analgesia qh ah |
| HM4e | combined modality therapy qh |
| SN | Treatment of a single disorder using multiple approaches, especially treatment using medical, psychological, and social approaches to complement and support each other, or simultaneous treatment of two or more disorders. | |
| ST | combined treatment | |
| cotreatment | ||
| interdisciplinary treatment method | ||
| multimodal treatment | ||
| BT | +HZe psychosocial treatment method qh ah |
| HP | physically based treatment method d-out qh |
| NT | +HVe operative surgery qh ah | |
| BT | +HM medical treatment method qh ah | |
| RT | JH4.6.2e physical exercise qh ah |
| HP2 | . gastric lavage qh |
| ST | stomach pumping |
| HP4 | . catheterization qh |
| RT | +HG6 cardiovascular diagnosis qh ah |
| HP4.8 | . . balloon dilatation qh |
| HP6 | . occupational therapy qh |
| HN | Introduced 1995. | |
| SN | Method of treatment for physical or mental disorders that involves engagement of patients in useful or creative activities or work as a means of improving functional skills in the areas of work or daily living. Occupational therapy is a modern allied health science based on neurodevelopmental, biomechanical, and rehabilitative concepts. | |
| BT | +JP24e rehabilitation qh ah | |
| RT | +FE10.4e life skills qh ah | |
| +HZ18e recreation therapy qh ah | ||
| JQ6.6 occupational health care qh ah | ||
| +NF20.4e skills building qh ah | ||
| SG14.6 occupational medicine (field) qh ah |
| HP8e | . physical therapy qh |
| SN | Therapy using physical modalities such as electricity, heat, cold, sound, and light, as well as physical activity, exercise, and massage. | |
| ST | physiotherapy | |
| RT | +JP24e rehabilitation qh ah |
| HP8.12 | . . electrotherapy qh |
| ST | electrophysiologic technique | |
| NT | +EF4.4.2.4e iontophoresis qh ah | |
| HU2.8 electroanalgesia qh ah |
| HP8.12.2e | . . . electroconvulsive therapy qh |
| SN | The application of a small amount of electrical current to the head for a fraction of a second through two electrodes placed either bilaterally in the temporal areas (bilateral electroconvulsive therapy) or unilaterally (unilateral electroconvulsive therapy). It is of particular value in affective disorders and some forms of schizophrenia. | |
| ST | ECT | |
| electric shock treatment | ||
| electroplexy shock therapy | ||
| electroshock therapy | ||
| shock treatment | ||
| BT | +HXe psychiatric somatic therapy qh ah | |
| RT | +HZ12.2e aversion therapy qh ah |
| HP10 | . radiotherapy qh |
| ST | radiation therapy |
| HP12 | . medical therapeutic device qh |
| HN | Introduced 1995. | |
| NT | +HV6.30 prosthesis qh ah |
| HQ | physicochemically based treatment methods d-out qh |
| BT | +HM medical treatment method qh ah |
| HQ2 | . respiratory therapy qh |
| SN | Diagnosis and treatment of cardiopulmonary deficiencies or abnormalities through the use of breathing methods and apparatus and the administration of gases and aerosols. | |
| RT | +ELe cardiovascular system function qh ah | |
| +EMe respiratory system function qh ah |
| HQ2.2 | . . inhalation therapy qh |
| HQ2.2.2 | . . . oxygen inhalation therapy qh |
| ST | oxygenation therapy |
| HQ2.4 | . . artificial respiration qh |
| RT | EA26e respiration qh ah | |
| +HL2.4 resuscitation qh ah |
| HQ2.6 | . . extracorporeal membrane oxygenation qh |
| ST | extracorporeal bypass |
| HQ4 | . blood component removal qh |
| ST | hemapheresis |
| HQ6 | . blood modification qh |
| HQ6.2 | . . hemodialysis qh |
| HQ6.4 | . . hemofiltration qh |
| RT | CQ12.20.2.6 ultrafiltration qh ah |
| HQ6.6 | . . hemodilution qh |
| RT | +GT2e blood disorder qh ah |
| HQ8 | . hemostatic technique qh |
| ST | control of bleeding |
| HQ8.2 | . . therapeutic embolization qh |
| HQ8.4 | . . surgical hemostasis qh |
| BT | +HV6 type of surgical procedure qh ah | |
| RT | HV2.2.10 cautery qh ah | |
| HV6.8 ligation qh ah |
| HQ10 | . cosmetic technique qh |
| HRe | drug therapy d-out qh |
| ST | chemotherapy | |
| drug treatment (drug therapy) | ||
| medication therapy | ||
| pharmacotherapeutics | ||
| pharmacotherapy | ||
| NT | +HK2.10 AODD drug therapy qh ah | |
| +HK2.12.2e chemical aversion therapy qh ah | ||
| JP12.10.2 medication error qh ah | ||
| JS2.6.4.2 drug rationing qh ah | ||
| JT4.6.4e self-medication qh ah | ||
| BT | +HM medical treatment method qh ah | |
| RT | +EEe pharmacology and toxicology qh ah | |
| +EE12e pharmacokinetics qh ah | ||
| +EFe route of administration qh ah | ||
| JP12.4e drug prescription practices qh ah |
| HR2e | . herbal therapy qh |
| HN | Introduced 2000. | |
| SN | A complex series of practices regarding the preparation and administration of herbs in Chinese medicine. | |
| ST | herbal medicine | |
| RT | +HT6e alternative medical treatment qh ah |
| HR4e | . vitamin therapy qh |
| HN | Introduced 1995. ETOH descriptor 2000. | |
| BT | +YBe vitamins qh ah | |
| RT | +GH14.4.6e vitamin deficiency syndrome qh ah | |
| +HS2 nutritional therapy qh ah | ||
| +HS2.2 diet therapy qh ah |
| HR6 | . premedication qh |
| SN | Preliminary medication, particularly internal medication, to produce narcosis prior to inhalation anesthesia. | |
| NT | HU4.12 preanesthetic medication qh ah |
| HR8e | . combination drug therapy qh |
| HR10e | . hormone therapy qh |
| HN | Introduced 2000. | |
| SN | The treatment of diseases with hormones obtained from endocrine glands or substances that simulate hormonal effects. | |
| ST | endocrine therapy |
| HR10.2e | . . estrogen replacement therapy qh |
| HN | Introduced 2000. | |
| ST | ERT | |
| hormone replacement therapy | ||
| RT | ES18e menopause qh ah |
| HR12e | . sclerotherapy qh |
| SN | The use of sclerosing materials to treat varicosities such as hemorrhoids or esophageal varices. |
| HR14 | . fluid therapy qh |
| RT | +EB2e homeostasis qh ah | |
| +HS6e blood transfusion qh ah |
| HR16 | . orthomolecular therapy qh |
| SN | Treatment of disease, especially psychiatric disorders, based on the theory that restoration of optimal concentrations of substances normally present in the body will effect a cure. | |
| BT | +HXe psychiatric somatic therapy qh ah |
| HR18e | . psychopharmacological therapy qh |
| HN | Changed descriptor 1995; through 1995 also use "psychopharmacology." | |
| SN | The use of drugs in the treatment of behavioral disorders. | |
| BT | +HXe psychiatric somatic therapy qh ah |
| HR18.2 | . . narcotherapy qh |
| HS | biological therapy d-out qh |
| BT | +HM medical treatment method qh ah |
| HS2 | . nutritional therapy qh |
| HN | Introduced 1995. | |
| ST | nutrition therapy | |
| RT | +EA24e nutrition qh ah | |
| +GH14e nutritional disorder qh ah | ||
| HD8 dietary assessment qh ah | ||
| HR4e vitamin therapy qh ah |
| HS2.2 | . . diet therapy qh |
| RT | HR4e vitamin therapy qh ah | |
| ZC4.6e sodium chloride qh ah |
| HS2.2.4 | . . . weight-reducing diet qh |
| ST | reducing diet |
| HS4 | . reproductive therapy qh |
| HS4.2e | . . contraception qh |
| ST | birth control method | |
| RT | +FR24e sexual behavior qh ah | |
| JH10.6.6.2.2e condom use qh ah | ||
| +PB6.10 fertility rate qh ah | ||
| +YS reproductive control agents qh ah |
| HS4.4 | . . artificial insemination qh |
| RT | +MN22 medical laws qh ah |
| HS6e | . blood transfusion qh |
| HN | ETOH descriptor 2000. | |
| RT | HR14 fluid therapy qh ah | |
| JT14.12.10 blood bank qh ah |
| HS6.2 | . . plasma exchange qh |
| HS8e | . immunization qh |
| HN | ETOH descriptor 2000. | |
| SN | The act or process of making a subject immune, as to decrease the susceptibility to infection. | |
| BT | +JH6e preventive therapeutic measures qh ah | |
| +JH10.6e communicable disease control qh ah | ||
| RT | +ET4.4e immune response qh ah | |
| +GA4e public health qh ah |
| HS8.2 | . . vaccination qh |
| SN | The induction of active immunity by the introduction of an antigen that induces the synthesis of antibodies. | |
| RT | +GA4e public health qh ah |
| HS10 | . immunotherapy qh |
| SN | Active immunotherapy: The treatment of a disease by immunizing the patient with an antigen appropriate to the disease.
Passive immunotherapy: The treatment of a disease by administering to the patient of an antibody raised in another individual or another species. | |
| RT | ET4.4.4e immunosuppressive effect qh ah |
| HT | other medical treatment method d-out qh |
| ST | other medical treatment approach | |
| BT | +HM medical treatment method qh ah | |
| RT | HK6 novel AODU treatment method qh ah |
| HT2e | . acupuncture qh |
| HN | ETOH descriptor 1995. | |
| RT | +HU2e analgesia qh ah |
| HT4 | . chiropractice qh |
| HT6e | . alternative medical treatment qh |
| HN | Introduced 2000. | |
| ST | nonmainstream treatment | |
| BT | +HJ2.6e alternative medicine qh ah | |
| RT | HR2e herbal therapy qh ah |
| HT6.8e | . . homeopathy qh |
| HN | Introduced 2000. | |
| SN | Traditional medicine based on the theory that "like cures like." | |
| ST | homeopathic medicine |
| HT6.18 | . . aromatherapy qh |
| HN | Introduced 2000. |
| HT6.20 | . . meditation therapy qh |
| HN | Introduced 2000. |
| HT6.22 | . . reflexology qh |
| HN | Introduced 2000. |
| HU | anesthesia and analgesia d-out qh |
| BT | +HM medical treatment method qh ah | |
| RT | HM2 general therapeutic measure qh ah |
| HU2e | . analgesia qh |
| HN | ETOH descriptor 2000. | |
| SN | The administration of local anesthetic substances or systemic drugs such as the opioids to induce the loss of sense of pain. Conventionally, the term analgesia is more often used to identify loss of pain sensibility; anesthesia, loss of touch sensation. | |
| ST | pain control | |
| RT | HT2e acupuncture qh ah | |
| +YR2e analgesics qh ah |
| HU2.8 | . . electroanalgesia qh |
| BT | +HP8.12 electrotherapy qh ah |
| HU4e | . anesthesia qh |
| HN | ETOH descriptor 2000. | |
| SN | The administration of an anesthetic substance to decrease or numb normal sensation, particularly sensitivity to pain. Anesthesia induced for medical or surgical purposes may be topical, local,
regional, or general, and is named for the anesthetic agent used, the method or procedure followed, the area or organ anesthetized, or the age or class of patient served.
Conventionally, the term anesthesia is more often used to identify loss of touch sensation; analgesia, loss of pain sensation. | |
| RT | +YR4e anesthetics qh ah |
| HU4.2 | . . local anesthesia qh |
| SN | Anesthesia in a local area by the injection of an anesthetic agent into the region of the nerve in which conductivity from the area is to be interrupted. | |
| ST | nerve blocking anesthesia | |
| nerve trunk anesthesia | ||
| BT | +EF2.2 topical and local administration qh ah |
| HU4.4 | . . general anesthesia qh |
| BT | +EF2.4 systemic administration qh ah | |
| RT | +YW4.8e sedative-hypnotics qh ah |
| HU4.12 | . . preanesthetic medication qh |
| BT | +HR6 premedication qh ah |
| HVe | operative surgery d-out qh |
| SN | This section provides both surgical techniques that are defined on the basis of their intrinsic nature and procedures applied to specific body systems or organs. Combine the appropriate surgical technique with the appropriate *+X body part* qh ah (e.g., for liver transplantation, combine *HV6.26 organ transplantation* qh ah with *+XM6 liver* qh ah). | |
| ST | invasive treatment | |
| operation (surgery) | ||
| surgical treatment | ||
| BT | +HA2.6.2 invasive procedure qh ah | |
| +HM medical treatment method qh ah | ||
| +HP physically based treatment method qh ah | ||
| RT | +GH6e trauma qh ah | |
| HD10 surgical diagnosis qh ah | ||
| +HD12.2e biopsy qh ah |
| HV2 | . general surgical techniques qh |
| ST | surgical methods |
| HV2.2 | . . surgical mechanism qh |
| HV2.2.2 | . . . scalpel surgery qh |
| HV2.2.4 | . . . laser surgery qh |
| HV2.2.6 | . . . cryosurgery qh |
| HV2.2.8 | . . . electrosurgery qh |
| HV2.2.10 | . . . cautery qh |
| RT | HQ8.4 surgical hemostasis qh ah |
| HV2.4 | . . microsurgery qh |
| HV4 | . minor and major surgery qh |
| HV4.2 | . . minor surgery qh |
| HV4.4 | . . major surgery qh |
| HV6 | . type of surgical procedure qh |
| NT | HQ8.4 surgical hemostasis qh ah |
| HV6.8 | . . ligation qh |
| RT | HQ8.4 surgical hemostasis qh ah |
| HV6.10 | . . suturing qh |
| HV6.12 | . . surgical incision qh |
| ST | otomy | |
| surgical section |
| HV6.14 | . . surgical puncture qh |
| RT | HD12.2.2 needle biopsy qh ah |
| HV6.14.2e | . . . paracentesis qh |
| HN | ETOH descriptor 1995. | |
| NT | HG2.4e amniocentesis qh ah |
| HV6.14.4 | . . . spinal tap qh |
| ST | lumbar puncture |
| HV6.16 | . . surgical anastomosis qh |
| SN | The surgical joining of two usually tubular structures, such as two ends of a divided intestinal tract, blood vessels, or nerves. |
| HV6.16.2e | . . . surgical vascular shunts qh |
| RT | GG10.8.2 artificial shunt qh ah | |
| GN2.6 patent ductus arteriosus qh ah |
| HV6.18 | . . ostomy qh |
| SN | The surgical creation of an artificial opening through which a body fluid may flow. |
| HV6.20 | . . surgical resection qh |
| HN | Introduced 2000. | |
| SN | Partial removal of a body organ or part. |
| HV6.22 | . . surgical removal qh |
| ST | ectomy | |
| excision |
| HV6.24 | . . plastic surgery qh |
| SN | Surgery concerned with the restoration, reconstruction, correction, or improvement in the shape and appearance of body structures that are defective, damaged, or misshapen by injury, disease, or growth and development. | |
| ST | reconstructive surgery | |
| surgical reconstruction |
| HV6.26e | . . organ transplantation qh |
| ST | transplantation | |
| RT | +HVe operative surgery qh ah |
| HV6.28 | . . extracorporeal circulation qh |
| RT | CQ12.20.2.6 ultrafiltration qh ah |
| HV6.28.2 | . . . cardiopulmonary bypass qh |
| HV6.28.4 | . . . hemoperfusion qh |
| HV6.30 | . . prosthesis qh |
| NT | HV8.4.2 joint prosthesis qh ah | |
| HV8.6 artificial limbs qh ah | ||
| BT | +HP12 medical therapeutic device qh ah |
| HV8 | . orthopedics qh |
| HV8.2 | . . amputation qh |
| HV8.4 | . . arthroplasty qh |
| HV8.4.2 | . . . joint prosthesis qh |
| BT | +HV6.30 prosthesis qh ah |
| HV8.6 | . . artificial limbs qh |
| BT | +HV6.30 prosthesis qh ah |
| HV10e | . abortion qh |
| HN | ETOH descriptor 2000. | |
| ST | induced abortion | |
| BT | +ED4.14e pregnancy outcome qh ah | |
| +XQe reproductive system qh ah | ||
| RT | +PB6.10 fertility rate qh ah |
| HXe | psychiatric somatic therapy d-out qh |
| NT | +HK2.12.2e chemical aversion therapy qh ah | |
| HP8.12.2e electroconvulsive therapy qh ah | ||
| HR16 orthomolecular therapy qh ah | ||
| +HR18e psychopharmacological therapy qh ah | ||
| BT | +HM medical treatment method qh ah |
| HZe | psychosocial treatment method d-out qh |
| SN | Treatment of mental disorders and behavioral disturbances (and possibly their physical sequelae) using such psychological techniques as support, suggestion, persuasion, reassurance, and insight to
alter maladaptive patterns of coping and to encourage personality growth. In general, any form of treatment in which the major technique employed is communication rather than drugs or other
somatic agents.
Consists of psychotherapy and socioenvironmental therapy. | |
| ST | psychosocial treatment approach | |
| psychotherapeutic technique | ||
| NT | HL4 psychosocial emergency treatment method qh ah | |
| HM4e combined modality therapy qh ah | ||
| JZ2 counseling method qh ah | ||
| BT | +HJe treatment method qh ah | |
| RT | FB12.18e clinical psychology qh ah | |
| FK16.2.2.2e role playing qh ah | ||
| +FM adjustment qh ah | ||
| FM4.6 catharsis qh ah | ||
| FM4.12 emotional closure qh ah | ||
| +GA8.8e psychosocial disease model qh ah | ||
| +GZe behavioral and mental disorder qh ah | ||
| HJ2.2e treatment model qh ah | ||
| +HKe AODU treatment method qh ah | ||
| +HZ2.2.2 brief psychosocial therapy qh ah | ||
| +JG10.2 individual- vs family-focused prevention qh ah | ||
| +JJ4e crisis intervention qh ah | ||
| +JZe counseling qh ah | ||
| JZ8.2.2e psychological counseling qh ah |
| HZ2 | psychosocial treatment format qh |
| HN | Changed descriptor 2000; through 1999. use "psychotherapy by number of participants". | |
| ST | psychosocial treatment by number of participants | |
| psychotherapy by number of participants | ||
| RT | +JZ10 individual and group counseling qh ah |
| HZ2.2 | . individual therapy qh |
| SN | Use only when specifically mentioned in the text. | |
| RT | JZ10.2e individual counseling qh ah |
| HZ2.2.2 | . . brief psychosocial therapy qh |
| HN | Introduced 2000. | |
| SN | Short-term or time-limited methods of therapy. Combine with the appropriate *+HZ psychosocial treatment method* qh ah.
In the context of counselig for AODU problems, a brief intervention consists of one or more counseling sessions, which may include patient education, assessment, and direct feedback; "contracts" between the treatment provider and the patient concerning AOD use; goal setting; behavioral modification techniques; motivation for change strategies; and the use of written materials, such as self-help manuals. | |
| BT | +JM8.2e brief intervention qh ah |
| HZ2.2.2.2e | . . . brief psychotherapy qh |
| HN | ETOH descriptor 2000. | |
| SN | Short-term or time-limited methods of interactive psychotherapy.
Directive psychotherapy that is typically limited to 20 sessions and focuses on immediate crises and ways of dealing with current problems. | |
| ST | short term psychotherapy | |
| time limited psychotherapy |
| HZ2.4 | . combined individual and group therapy qh |
| RT | HZ8.16 primal therapy qh ah |
| HZ2.6 | . family or marital therapy qh |
| RT | +LE intimacy and family qh ah |
| HZ2.6.2 | . . couples therapy qh |
| HN | Introduced 2000. |
| HZ2.6.2.2e | . . . marital therapy qh |
| ST | marital counseling | |
| marriage therapy | ||
| RT | +LFe intimacy qh ah |
| HZ2.6.4e | . . family therapy qh |
| RT | +LGe family and kinship qh ah |
| HZ2.6.6e | . . group therapy qh |
| ST | group psychotherapy | |
| therapeutic group | ||
| NT | HZ8.22 interactional therapy qh ah | |
| BT | +HZ20 socioenvironmental therapy qh ah | |
| RT | HZ6.8e self-disclosure qh ah | |
| +HZ16e twelve-step model qh ah | ||
| JT14.10.6e therapeutic community qh ah | ||
| +JT20.2e mutual help and support group qh ah | ||
| JZ8.4e peer counseling qh ah | ||
| +JZ10.4e group counseling qh ah | ||
| +LC6e group dynamics qh ah | ||
| +LW participation qh ah |
| HZ2.6.6.2e | . . . psychodrama qh |
| HN | ETOH descriptor 2000. | |
| SN | Projective technique and method of group psychotherapy in which personality make-up, interpersonal relations, conflicts, and emotional problems are explored through dramatization of meaningful situations. | |
| RT | FK16.2.2.2e role playing qh ah | |
| MZ10.2 theatrical arts qh ah |
| HZ2.6.6.4e | . . . network therapy qh |
| HN | Introduced 1995. ETOH descriptor 2000. | |
| SN | A therapeutic technique utilizing three key elements: a cognitive behavioral approach to relapse prevention; engagement of the patient's natural social network treatment; and the orchestration of resources to provide community reinforcement. | |
| RT | +LC2.4e social support qh ah | |
| MG2.4e social network qh ah |
| HZ2.6.6.6e | . . . sensitivity training qh |
| HN | ETOH descriptor 2000. | |
| SN | An educational-experiential small group technique in which members meet regularly, usually with a designated leader, to learn about themselves, interpersonal relationships, group processes, and
larger social systems. The aim is not therapeutic.
Group therapy that focuses on interpersonal relations within the group and enhancement of self-confidence, self-perception, behavioral skills, and role flexibility. |
| HZ2.6.6.8 | . . . mutual storytelling technique qh |
| HZ2.6.6.10 | . . . encounter group therapy qh |
| SN | Goal-oriented unstructured groups in which members seek heightened self-awareness and fulfillment of their human potential. |
| HZ4e | psychotherapy qh |
| NT | +HZ8e analytic psychotherapy qh ah | |
| +HZ10 psychotherapy using change in consciousness qh ah | ||
| +HZ12e behavior therapy qh ah | ||
| JZ8.2.2e psychological counseling qh ah | ||
| RT | +HZ18e recreation therapy qh ah |
| HZ6e | dynamics of psychotherapy qh |
| HN | Introduced 2000. |
| HZ6.2 | . psychiatric session qh |
| RT | +JL treatment and patient care qh ah |
| HZ6.4e | . psychotherapeutic interaction qh |
| SN | Experiential, attitudinal, emotional, or behavioral phenomena occurring during the course of psychotherapy. Applies to the client or psychotherapist individually or to their interaction. | |
| ST | client counselor interaction | |
| patient psychotherapist interaction | ||
| psychotherapeutic processes | ||
| psychotherapist client interaction | ||
| RT | FM4.12 emotional closure qh ah |
| HZ6.4.2 | . . psychotherapeutic transference qh |
| SN | Unconscious projection of feelings, thoughts, and wishes to the therapist that were originally associated with important figures from the client's past. |
| HZ6.4.2.2e | . . . countertransference qh |
| HN | ETOH descriptor 1995. | |
| SN | Conscious or unconscious emotional reaction of the therapist to the patient that may interfere with the treatment. |
| HZ6.4.4 | . . psychotherapeutic interpretation qh |
| HN | Introduced 1995. | |
| SN | Communication from the therapist to the patient designed to elucidate the unconscious meanings and repressed wishes that lie beneath the patient's dreams, free association, use of symbolism, resistance, symptoms, and/or feelings toward the therapist expressed through transference. | |
| ST | interpretive therapy |
| HZ6.6 | . cotherapy qh |
| SN | Psychotherapeutic treatment by more than one therapist. | |
| ST | cooperative therapy | |
| multiple psychotherapy |
| HZ6.8e | . self-disclosure qh |
| HN | Introduced 2000. | |
| BT | +ND4.4 disclosure qh ah | |
| RT | +HZ2.6.6e group therapy qh ah | |
| +JT20.2e mutual help and support group qh ah |
| HZ6.10e | . self-analysis qh |
| HN | ETOH descriptor 2000. | |
| SN | Exploration of one's own thoughts and feelings as a way to gain insights into the origins and significance of one's behavior or symptoms. | |
| ST | autoanalysis | |
| autopsychotherapy | ||
| BT | +HZ8e analytic psychotherapy qh ah | |
| RT | +JT4.6 self-care qh ah |
| HZ6.10.2e | . . self-change qh |
| HN | Introduced 2000. | |
| SN | The resolution of problem drinking behaviors without formal treatment has been referred to as self-change, natural recovery, maturing out, auto-remission, and spontaneous remission. Self-change suggests a conscious cognitive effort to alter one's behavior. In contrast, terms such as natural recovery, maturing out, auto-remission, and spontaneous remission imply a relatively unconscious, effortless, and instantaneous transformation from problem to non-problem drinking states. | |
| RT | AH18.2e spontaneous AODD remission qh ah |
| HZ8e | analytic psychotherapy qh |
| HN | ETOH descriptor 2000. | |
| SN | Psychotherapeutic approaches that assist patients in analyzing their conscious or subconscious thoughts, feelings, emotions, or other mental processes with the aim of partially or completely reconstructing the patient's personality. These approaches contrast with *+HZ12 behavior therapy* qh ah, which employs classical conditioning and operant learning techniques in an attempt to eliminate or modify problem behavior, addressing itself primarily to the client's overt behavior. | |
| ST | psychotherapeutic method based on analysis | |
| NT | +HZ6.10e self-analysis qh ah | |
| HZ14e stages of change qh ah | ||
| +HZ16e twelve-step model qh ah | ||
| BT | +HZ4e psychotherapy qh ah |
| HZ8.2 | . directive and nondirective therapy qh |
| HZ8.2.2 | . . directive therapy qh |
| SN | Any form of psychotherapy in which the psychotherapist takes an active part in questioning, reassuring, and prescribing courses of action to be followed in dealing with problems of personal adjustment. Insight, understanding, and promotion of the patient's independence are of secondary importance, because emphasis is placed on dealing with the immediate crisis or problem. |
| HZ8.2.4 | . . nondirective therapy qh |
| SN | Counseling procedure in which the counselor is empathetic and does not evaluate or direct (but may clarify) clients' remarks, thus assisting them to accept responsibility for their own problem-solving. | |
| ST | client centered therapy | |
| nondirective counseling |
| HZ8.4e | . psychoanalytic therapy qh |
| SN | A form of psychotherapy using Freud's procedure for investigating mental processes as its fundamental technique. | |
| ST | analytical psychotherapy | |
| psychoanalysis (therapy) | ||
| RT | +FB6e psychoanalytic psychology qh ah | |
| FK16.2.2.2e role playing qh ah |
| HZ8.4.2 | . . free association qh |
| HZ8.4.4 | . . transactional analysis qh |
| SN | Psychotherapeutic approach that postulates three ego states (adult, parent, and child) from which all human interaction or communication emanates. This approach maintains that awareness or knowledge of the three states leads to more constructive interpersonal relations. |
| HZ8.4.6 | . . dream analysis qh |
| ST | dream interpretation | |
| BT | +FF2.6.6e dreams qh ah |
| HZ8.6 | . directed reverie therapy qh |
| SN | Waking dream technique used in psychotherapy, especially in brief therapy and group therapy. | |
| ST | guided fantasy |
| HZ8.8 | . insight therapy qh |
| SN | Psychotherapeutic method that seeks to uncover the causes of the client's conflicts through conscious awareness (i.e., insight) of the current dynamics of feelings, responses, and behavior, primarily in relations with others. |
| HZ8.10 | . psychotherapeutic technique rooted in existentialism qh |
| HZ8.10.2 | . . experiential psychotherapy qh |
| SN | Psychotherapeutic approach, having some roots in existentialism, that emphasizes the concrete, lived, and felt experience of the client. |
| HZ8.10.4 | . . existential psychotherapy qh |
| SN | Form of psychotherapy that deals with the here and now of the patient's total situation rather than with his/her past; it emphasizes emotional experience rather than rational thinking and stresses a person's responsibility for his/her own existence. |
| HZ8.10.6 | . . logotherapy qh |
| SN | Existential analysis based on spiritual values and emphasizing the search for the meaning of human existence. |
| HZ8.12 | . Gestalt therapy qh |
| SN | Form of psychotherapy that emphasizes treatment of the individual as a whole and focuses on sensory awareness of present experience. |
| HZ8.14 | . reality therapy qh |
| SN | Form of psychotherapy that is based on the assumption of the client's personal responsibility for his/her behavior. The therapist actively guides the client to accurate self-perception for fulfillment of needs of self-worth and respect for others. |
| HZ8.16 | . primal therapy qh |
| SN | Combination of intensive individual therapy and group psychotherapy with emphasis on experiencing and expressing blocked traumatic events or feelings (primals) and integrating them into total functioning. | |
| RT | HZ2.4 combined individual and group therapy qh ah |
| HZ8.18 | . cognitive technique qh |
| SN | Methods directed at producing change in thought patterns that may result in changes in affect and behavior. | |
| ST | cognitive techniques of affect and behavior change |
| HZ8.18.2 | . . rational-emotive psychotherapy qh |
| SN | Stresses cognitive, philosophic, and value-oriented aspects of personality and views the goal of treatment as the client's development of rational as opposed to irrational beliefs about his/her problem. |
| HZ8.18.4 | . . cognitive restructuring qh |
| SN | Cognitive technique for altering self-defeating thought patterns by first identifying and analyzing negative self-statements and then developing adaptive self-statements. |
| HZ8.18.4.2e | . . . cognitive therapy qh |
| SN | A system of psychotherapy that attempts to reduce excessive emotional reactions and self-defeating behavior by modifying the faulty or erroneous thinking and maladaptive beliefs that underlie these
reactions.
Cognitive therapy has some ideas in common with *+HZ12 behavior therapy* qh ah. Although its overall goal is to help the patient alter his dysfunctional behavior, it contrasts with behavior therapy in rejecting conditioning as a sufficient principle for behavior change to occur. Instead, it emphasizes the importance of the patient's thoughts, feelings, imagery, attitudes, and hopes. It is based on the assumption that overt behavioral and emotional responses result from cognitive processes. | |
| ST | cognitive behavior modification | |
| cognitive behavior therapy | ||
| BT | +HZ12e behavior therapy qh ah | |
| RT | FR16.8.2.4e self-efficacy qh ah |
| HZ8.20e | . motivational interviewing qh |
| HN | Introduced 1995. | |
| SN | Motivational interviewing is a style of therapeutic intervention designed to strengthen and consolidate a patient's commitment to change. It is compatible with a variety of therapeutic approaches. It focuses on helping clients resolve their ambivalence toward behavior change and getting them moving along a path to change. The overall goal is to increase the client's intrinsic motivation, so that changes arise from within rather than being imposed from without. Responsibility for the change is with the individual, not the counselor. | |
| ST | motivational counseling | |
| motivational enhancement therapy | ||
| BT | +HZ12e behavior therapy qh ah | |
| RT | FN20.2 intrinsic motivation qh ah | |
| HZ14e stages of change qh ah |
| HZ8.22 | . interactional therapy qh |
| HN | Introduced 2000. | |
| SN | Interactional therapy is based on the assumption that maladaptive behavior arises from dysfunctional or unfulfilling interpersonal relationships (Allen & Kadden, 1995). Treatment is typically conducted in a group format, with the group focusing on relationship issues. Like psychoanalytic approaches, however, the focus of treatment is on relationship issues, and it is assumed that substance use will become less of a problem if relationship conflicts are resolved. | |
| BT | +HZ2.6.6e group therapy qh ah |
| HZ8.24e | . neurolinguistic programming qh |
| HN | Introduced 1995. ETOH descriptor 2000. | |
| SN | A self intervention method in humanistic psychology aimed at personal growth and human potential. Also R. Bandler's model of techniques and strategies for interpersonal communication based on elements of transformational grammar and preferred sensory representations for learning and self expression. | |
| RT | +FB8 humanistic psychology qh ah | |
| +FD18.10 cognitive style qh ah | ||
| +FR28e interpersonal communication qh ah |
| HZ10 | psychotherapy using change in consciousness qh |
| HN | Introduced 1995. | |
| BT | +HZ4e psychotherapy qh ah |
| HZ10.2e | . hypnotherapy qh |
| RT | FF4.8 hypnotic state qh ah |
| HZ10.4 | . autogenic training qh |
| SN | Physiological form of psychotherapy based on studies of sleep and hypnosis and the application of yoga principles. |
| HZ12e | behavior therapy qh |
| SN | Psychotherapeutic approach that employs classical conditioning and operant learning techniques in an attempt to eliminate or modify problem behavior, addressing itself primarily to the client's overt behavior, as opposed to thoughts, feelings, or other cognitive processes. | |
| NT | HZ8.18.4.2e cognitive therapy qh ah | |
| HZ8.20e motivational interviewing qh ah | ||
| BT | +FK4e behavior modification qh ah | |
| +HZ4e psychotherapy qh ah | ||
| RT | +FK6e conditioning qh ah | |
| +HZ8e analytic psychotherapy qh ah | ||
| JQ6.8.4 psychological care qh ah | ||
| JT14.10.6e therapeutic community qh ah |
| HZ12.2e | . aversion therapy qh |
| SN | The reduction of a behavior through a conditioning procedure in which the behavior is associated with real or imagined noxious stimuli (e.g., an electric shock) that would be avoided if possible. | |
| ST | aversion conditioning therapy | |
| NT | +HK2.12 AODU deterrence method qh ah | |
| RT | +FK6.2.2e aversion conditioning qh ah | |
| FK6.4.4.2 punishment (conditioning) qh ah | ||
| HP8.12.2e electroconvulsive therapy qh ah |
| HZ12.2.2 | . . reward-punishment conditioning qh |
| HZ12.2.6 | . . verbal aversion therapy qh |
| RT | FK6.2.2.2e covert sensitization qh ah |
| HZ12.4 | . paradoxical technique qh |
| SN | Techniques designed to disrupt dysfunctional behavior patterns through systematically encouraging them, thus allaying anticipatory anxiety, creating resistance to the symptomatic behavior, or enabling clients to achieve voluntary control over this behavior. |
| HZ12.6e | . biofeedback (psychology) qh |
| HN | ETOH descriptor 2000. | |
| ST | biofeedback training |
| HZ12.8 | . psychological desensitization qh |
| HZ12.8.2 | . . implosive therapy qh |
| HZ12.10 | . relaxation techniques qh |
| RT | FK6.2.4.2 desensitization (conditioning) qh ah |
| HZ12.12e | . behavioral contracting qh |
| HN | ETOH descriptor 2000. | |
| SN | A written document that carefully specifies in objective detail the desired behavior change, the consequences to follow success or failure in making that change, and the time required for completing the contract. These have been used effectively in the treatment of behavioral disorders, including AOD dependence. | |
| ST | behavioral contingency | |
| contingency contract | ||
| contingency management |
| HZ14e | stages of change qh |
| HN | Introduced 1995. | |
| SN | Model developed by Prochaska and DiClemente to describe the stages involved in changing a behavior or problem. Can be used in a self-help or therapist-assisted setting.
The stages of change are: Precontemplation, in which the individual is generally unaware of the problem and has no intention of changing in the near future. Contemplation, in which the individual is aware of the problem and thinking about change but has not made a serious commitment to change. Preparation, in which the individual may have made small inroads into the behavior change but has not reached a level of effective action. Action, in which the individual modifies behavior, experiences, or environment to overcome the behavior. Maintenance, which focuses on relapse prevention and consolidation of the accomplishments of the action phase. | |
| BT | +HZ8e analytic psychotherapy qh ah | |
| RT | +AH6 stage in drug use qh ah | |
| +FCe psychological development qh ah | ||
| FD18.20e readiness to change qh ah | ||
| HZ8.20e motivational interviewing qh ah |
| HZ16e | twelve-step model qh |
| ST | twelve-step method | |
| NT | JT20.2.2.2.2e Alcoholics Anonymous qh ah | |
| BT | +HZ8e analytic psychotherapy qh ah | |
| RT | +HZ2.6.6e group therapy qh ah | |
| +HZ22.6e role of spirituality in recovery qh ah | ||
| +JT20.2.2.2e twelve step program qh ah | ||
| +MXe spirituality and religion qh ah |
| HZ18e | recreation therapy qh |
| ST | activity therapy | |
| therapeutic recreation | ||
| RT | +HJ2.6e alternative medicine qh ah | |
| HP6 occupational therapy qh ah | ||
| +HZ4e psychotherapy qh ah | ||
| +JP24e rehabilitation qh ah |
| HZ18.2e | . bibliotherapy qh |
| HN | ETOH descriptor 2000. | |
| SN | Use of selected reading and related materials for therapeutic purposes in physical medicine, mental health, and education. |
| HZ18.4e | . art therapy qh |
| HN | ETOH descriptor 2000. | |
| SN | The therapeutic use of art forms (painting, sculpturing, drawing, etc.) in achieving self-expression and emotional release, usually in a context of remediation or rehabilitation. | |
| RT | +MZ12e visual arts qh ah |
| HZ18.6e | . music therapy qh |
| HN | ETOH descriptor 2000. | |
| SN | The therapeutic use of music in achieving self-awareness, self-esteem, mood modification, and emotional release. | |
| RT | +MZ10.8 music qh ah |
| HZ18.8e | . dance therapy qh |
| HN | ETOH descriptor 2000. | |
| SN | The therapeutic use of rhythmical motor activity (folk dancing, ballroom dancing, exercising to music, etc.) as a bridge to mental or physical well-being. | |
| RT | MZ10.6 dance arts qh ah |
| HZ18.10e | . play therapy qh |
| HN | ETOH descriptor 2000. | |
| ST | therapeutic play |
| HZ20 | socioenvironmental therapy qh |
| ST | environmental therapy | |
| NT | +HZ2.6.6e group therapy qh ah | |
| RT | JQ6.8.4 psychological care qh ah |
| HZ20.2 | . milieu therapy qh |
| SN | Treatment that modifies a person's life circumstances or immediate environment (note: mental institutions or rehabilitation centers that use milieu therapy are often called therapeutic communities). | |
| ST | situational therapy | |
| RT | JT14.10.6e therapeutic community qh ah |
| HZ22e | spirituality and religion in treatment qh |
| HN | Introduced 1995. ETOH descriptor 2000. | |
| NT | JP10.2.4.2 religious motivation to seek treatment qh ah | |
| BT | +MXe spirituality and religion qh ah | |
| RT | JG10.8 prevention through spirituality and religion qh ah | |
| +JT8.10.10 religious-organization-based health service qh ah | ||
| JZ8.2.4e pastoral counseling qh ah | ||
| +MX16e organized religion qh ah |
| HZ22.2 | . spiritual therapy qh |
| RT | +MX14.4e meditation qh ah |
| HZ22.4 | . religious therapy qh |
| HZ22.6e | . role of spirituality in recovery qh |
| HN | ETOH descriptor 2000. | |
| RT | +HZ16e twelve-step model qh ah | |
| +JP24e rehabilitation qh ah | ||
| JT20.2.2.2.2e Alcoholics Anonymous qh ah |
| HZ22.6.2 | . . religion as a substitute for AOD use qh |
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