Population viability and genetic diversity in salmonids. Draft -- to be published by Bonneville Power Council.
Protection of Bald and Golden Eagles. US government printing office.
Table A.1.2: Landings of scallops by year, registration area, and species. Alaska.
1906. Geographic dictionary of Alaska 2nd ed. Wash. D. C. Gov't. print. off., Wash. D. C.
1927. How the white men came to Lituya and what happened to Yeahlth-kan who visited them: the Tlingit tradition of La Perouse's visit. 1.
, and D.R. Klein. 1965. Postglacial distribution patterns of mammals in the southern coastal regions of Alaska. Arctic. 18:7-20.
1972. Marine protection, research, and sanctuaries act of 1972. The Bureau of National Affairs, INC.
1973. Reproduction.
1986. Proceedings of the international rockfish symposium. Anchorage, AK.
1988. Roget's II Thesaurus. Houghton Mifflin, Boston, Mass. 1135 pp.
1989. Proceedings of the international symposium on the biology and management of Walleye Pollock. University of Alaska Sea Grant College Program. Anchorage, AK.
1989. 8th biennial conference on the biology of marine mammals: abstracts. Pacific Grove, CA.
1991. Fishery management plan for the Alaska maritime national wildlife refuge. Kenai Fishery Assistance Office. Kenai, Alaska.
1991. Ninth biennial conference on the biology of marine mammals: abstracts. Chicago, Illinois.
1992. Chapter IV summary of injury. Restoration Framework. March 1992:23-42.
1992. The concise Oxford dictionary of botany. Oxford Univ. Press, NY, NY. 442 pp.
1993. Dark doings in forests. The Economist. May 15th 1993:1.
1994. The catch about fish. The Economist. 13-14.
1994. The tragedy of the oceans. The Economist. 21-24.
1994. Proceedings of the international symposium on North Pacific flatfish. Alaska Sea Grant College Program, Fairbanks, Alaska. 643 pp.
1994. Ecological and socio-economic impacts of alternative access management strategies in marine protected areas. U.S. Man and the Biosphere Program.
1995. The Health of the Gulf of Maine ecosystem: cumulative impacts of multiple stressors, workshop report. Hanover, NH.
1996. High latitude crabs: biology, management, and economics. Alaska Sea Grant College Program. Anchorage, Alaska. 96-02.
1996. Acoustic deterrence of harmful marine mammal-fishery interactions. Seattle, WA.
1997. The design and monitoring of marine reserves. The Fisheries Centre, University of British Columbia. Vancouver, B.C., Canada. 5.
1997. Habitats and ecotopes in the coastal zone: a multitier concept. 1-16.
*Miller, M.M. 1964. Inventory of terminal position changes in Alaskan coastal glaciers since the 1750's. 108:
*Morel, A., and R.C. Smith. 1974. Limnology and Oceanography. 19:591-600.
*Morel, A. 1978. Deep Sea Res. 25:673-688.
*Nishiwaki, M. 1959. Humpback whales in Ryukyuan waters. The Scientific Reports of the Whales Research Institute. 14:49-86.
*Peterson, W.T. Upwelling indices and annual catches of dungeness crab (Cancer magister) along the west coast of the United States. 902-910.
*Polacheck, T., and L. Thorpe. 1990. The swimming direction of harbor porpoise in relationship to a survey vessel. 40:463-470.
*Roberts, B.D., and S.A. Hatch. Behavioral ecology of black-legged kittiwakes (Rissa tridactyla) during chick rearing in a failing colony.
*Sigler, M. 1992. On the odds of catching fish with longline gear.
*Smith, R.C., and J.E. Tyler. 1970. Plenum Press, New York. 1.
*Strickland, J., and T. Parsons. 1972. A practical handbook of seawater analysis. Bull. Fish. Res. Bd. Can.
*Swennen, C. 1977. Laboratory research on seabirds: report on a practical investigation into the possibility of keeping seabirds for research purposes. Rep Monogr Non Serials.
*Tennesen, M. 1991. Shy seal in a stormy sea. Unknown. 23-25.
*Tominaga, O., and K. Nashida. 1991. Interspecific relationship between brown sole (Pleuronectes herzensteini) and other demersal fishes in the coastal waters of northern Niigata Prefecture. BULL. JAPAN SEA NATL. FISH. RES. INST./NISSUIKEN HOKOKU. 41:11-26.
*Tremblay, C., B. Portelance, and J. Frechette. 1983. Depth trawler inventory of species of fishes and crustacea of the marine estuary of the St. Lawrence River, Quebec, Canada. Que Minist Agric Pech Aliment Dir Gen Pech Marit Cah Inf. 0:12-96.
*Wenner, E.L., and B. C.A. 1990. In situ estimates of density of golden crab (Chaceon fenneri), from habitats on the continental slope, southeastern U.S. 46.
*Wiebe, P.H. Small-scale spatial distribution in oceanic zooplankton. 205-217.
*Williams, P.J., B. Le, and N.W. Jenknson. 1980. Freshw. Biol. 10:491-496.
*Winn, H.E., P.J. Perkins, and T.C. Poulter. Sounds of the humpback whale.
Abacus Concepts. 1996. StatView. Abacus Concepts, Inc. Berkeley, CA.
Abate, T. 1992. Which bird is the better indicator species for old-growth forest? Bioscience. 42:8-9.
Abbe, G.R., and C.M. Stagg. 1996. Trends in the blue crab (Callinectes sapidus Rathbun) catches near Calvert Cliffs, Maryland, from 1968 to 1995 and their relationship to the Maryland commercial fishery. Journal of Shellfish Research. 3:751-758.
Abbey, E. 1980. Down the Tatshenshini, notes from a cold river. Dec. 1979-Jan. 1980.
Abele, L.G., K.L. Heck Jr., D.S. Simberloff, and G.J. Vermeij. 1981. Biogeography of crab claw size: assumptions and null hypothesis. Systematic Zoology. 30:406-424.
Abello, P., A. Aagaard, C.G. Warman, and M.H. Depledge. 1997. Spatial variability in the population structure of the shore crab Carcinus maenas(Crustacea: Brachyura) in a shallow-water, wealy tidal fjord. Marine Ecol. Prog. Rep. 147:97-103.
Able, K.W., D.C. Twichell, C.B. Grimes, and R.S. Jones. 1987. Side Scan Sonar as A Tool for Detection of Demersal Fish Habitats. U S National Marine Fisheries Service Fishery Bulletin. 85:725-736.
Abrams, P.A., and C.J. Walters. 1996. Invulnerable prey and the paradox of enrichment. Ecology (Washington D C). 77:1125-1133.
Ackerman, R.E. 1965. Archaeological survey, Glacier Bay National Monument, southeastern Alaska. Washington State University, Laboratory of Anthropology.
Ackerman, R.E. 1965. Art or magic: the incised pebbles from southern Alaska. Michigan Archaeologist. 11:181-188.
Ackerman, R.E. 1968. Archeology of the Glacier Bay Region, southern Alaska. Washington State University, Laboratory of Anthropology.
Ackerman, R.E. 1970. Report on prehistory of northern Tlingit territory, southeastern Alaska.
Ackerman, R.E. 1971. Archaeological investigations in the Icy Strait region, southeastern Alaska. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Ackerman, R.E. 1972. Post pleistocene cultural adaptations on the northern northwest coast.
Ackerman, R. 1974. Post Plleistocene cultural adaptations on the Northern Northwest Coast.
Ackerman, M., A. Hammond, S. Hatch, L., C. Jimmie, and H. Marks. 1975. Tlingit Stories. AMU Press, Anchorage, AK. pp.
Ackerman, R.E., T.D. Hamilton, and R. Stuckenrath. 1979. Early culture complexes on the northern northwest coast. Canadian Journal of Archaeology. 3:195-209.
Ackerman, D. 1990. Whales.
Ackley, D.R. 1997. By catch patterns in the Bering Sea: templates for area closures. Alaska Sea Grant.
Acland, C.M., and H.M. Salmon. 1924. The Grassholm Gannets in 1924 -- a great increase. British Birds. 18:178-185.
Acosta, C.A. 1999. Benthic dispersal of Caribbean spiny lobsters among insular habitats: implications for the conservation of exploited marine species. Cons. Biology. 13:603-612.
Acuna, C.A., and L. Selig. 1983. Sea otter (Enhydra lutrus) observation on the outer coast, August 1983. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Acuna, C.A., and L.F. Selig. 1983. Population observations at Lituya Bay: black-legged kittiwake (Rissa tridactyla), Steller sea lion (Eumetopias jubatas), harbor seal (Phoca vitulina). U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Adams, P.B. Life history patterns in marine fishes and their consequences for fisheries management. Fish. Bull. 78:1-12.
Adams, A.E., and A.J. Paul. 1983. Male parent size, sperm storage and egg production in the crab Chionoecetes bairdi (Decapoda, Majidae). Int. J. Invert. Repro. 6:181-187.
Adams, L.G., and G. Vequist. 1985. Mountain goat survey, Glacier Bay National Park. U.S. National Park Service, Alaska Regional Office.
Adams, A.E. 1985. Some aspects of the reproductive biology of the crab Chionoecetes bairdi: Final project report. University of Alaska.
Adams, R.M. et al. 1990. Global climate change and US agriculture. Nature. 345:219-223.
Adams, R.A. 1994. Wings on their fingers. 103.
Adams, P.B., J.L. Butler, C.H. Baxter, T.E. Laidig, K.A. Dahlin, and W.W. Wakefiled. 1995. Population estimates of Pacific coast groundfishes from video transects and swept-area trawls. U S National Marine Fisheries Service Fishery Bulletin. 93:446-455.
Adams, C.F., and A.J. Paul. 1999. Phototaxis and geotaxis of light-adapted zoeae of the golden king crab Lithodes aequispinus (Anomura: Lithodidae) in the laboratory. Journal of Crustacean Biology. 19:106-110.
Adams, S., B.D. Mapstone, G.R. Russ, and C.R. Davies. 2000. Geographic variation in the sex ratio, sex specific size, and age structure of Plectropomus leopardus (Serranidae) between reefs open and closed to fishing on the Great Barrier Reef. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 57:1448-1458.
Adamson, L. 1996. Invertebrate community development in a new stream in Glacier Bay National Park, Alaska. PhD, U. of Stirling, Scotland, Stirling. 215 pp.
Addison, J.T. 1995. Influence of behavioural interactions on lobster distribution and abundance as inferred from pot-caught samples. ICES Mar. Sci. Symp. 199:294-300.
Addison, J.T., and R.C.A. Bannister. 1998. Quantifying potential impacts of behavioral factors on crustacean stock monitoring and assessment: Modeling and experimental approaches. In: G. Jamieson and A. Campbell (eds.), Proceedings of the North Pacific Symposium on Invertebrate Stock Assessment and Management. Vol. 125. Canadian Special Publication of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, pp. 167-177.
ADF&G. 1963. Inventory of the fishery of the streams and lakes of Glacier Bay National Monument. Alaska Department of Fish and Game.
ADF&G. 1980. Ocean salmon micro-wire tag recovery program. Alaska Department of Fish and Game.
ADF&G. 1982. Alaska 1982 catch and production: commercial fisheries statistics. Alaska Department of Fish and Game.
ADF&G. 1984. Yakutat comprehensive salmon plan. Alaska Department of Fish and Game.
ADF&G. 1985. Catalog of waters important for spawning, rearing or migration of anadromous fishes. Alaska Department of Fish and Game.
ADF&G. 1985. Alaska 1985 catch and production: commercial fisheries statistics. Alaska Department of Fish and Game.
ADF&G. 1985. Shrimp (Pandalus: borealis, goniurus, platyceros, hypsinotus, and dispar). In: Alaska Habitat Management Guide, Southcentral Region, Volume 1: Life histories and habitat requirements of fish and wildlife. Vol. Alaska Department of Fish and Game, pp. 421-429.
ADF&G. 1985. Dungeness Crab (Cancer magister). In: Alaska Habitat Management Guide, Southcentral Region, Volume 1: Life histories and habitat requirements of fish and wildlife. Vol. Alaska Department of Fish and Game, pp. 379-385.
ADF&G. 1985. King Crab (Paralithodes camtschatica, P. platypus, and Lithodes aquispina). In: Alaska Habitat Management Guide, Southcentral Region, Volume 1: Life histories and habitat requirements of fish and wildlife. Vol. Alaska Department of Fish and Game, pp. 387-399.
ADF&G. 1985. Tanner Crab (Chionoecetes bairdi, C. opilio, C. angulatus, and C. tanneri). In: Alaska Habitat Management Guide, Southcentral Region, Volume 1: Life histories and habitat requirements of fish and wildlife. Vol. Alaska Department of Fish and Game, pp. 401-413.
ADF&G. 1986. Catalog of waters important for spawning, rearing or migration of anadromous fishes. Alaska Department of Fish and Game.
ADF&G. 1987. Staff Reports. Alaska Department of Fish & Game, Southeast Region, Board of Fisheries.
ADF&G. 1988. Catalog of waters important for spawning, rearing or migration of anadromous fishes. Alaska Department of Fish and Game.
ADF&G. 1988. Report to the board of fisheries 1987 region I finfish fisheries. Alaska department of fish and game. Juneau, Alaska.
ADF&G. 1989. Overview of non-commercial fish and shellfish harvest and use in thirty SE Alaska communities. Alaska Department of Fish and Game.
ADF&G. 1989. Southeast Alaska rural community resource use profiles. Alaska Department of Fish and Game.
ADF&G. 1989. Subsistence: adapting ancient ways to modern times. Alaska Department of Fish & Game.
ADF&G. 1990. Autoecology of brown bears on Admiralty and Chichagof Islands. Alaska Department of Fish and Game, Division of Wildlife Conservation.
ADF&G. 1990. Strategic plan for management of moose in Region I, southeast Alaska, 1990-1994. Alaska Department of Fish and Game, Division of Wildlife Conservation.
ADF&G. 1991. Annual summary of Yakutat finfish and shellfish operations, 1991. Alaska Department of Fish and Game.
ADF&G. 1992. Catalog of waters important for spawning, rearing or migration of anadromous fishes. Alaska Department of Fish and Game.
ADF&G. 1992. 1992 Southeast/Yakutat chinook salmon management plan for the marine sport fishery. Alaska Department of Fish and Game, Division of Sport Fish, Juneau.
ADF&G. 1993. Catalog of waters important for spawning, rearing or migration of anadromous fishes. Alaska Department of Fish and Game.
ADF&G. 1993. Federal aid in wildlife restoration: Annual performance report of survey - inventory activities, 1 July 1992 - 30 June 1993: Wolf. Alaska Department of Fish and Game. Juneau, AK.
ADF&G. 1993. Federal aid in wildlife restoration: Annual performance report of survey - inventory activities, 1 July 1992 - 30 June 1993: Moose. Alaska Department of Fish and Game. Juneau, AK.
ADF&G. 1993. 1992 southern district (Kachemak Bay) Dungeness crab pot surveys. Alaska Department of Fish and Game. Anchorage, Alaska.
ADF&G. 1993. Finfish. Alaska Department of Fish and Game. Juneau, Alaska.
ADF&G. 1993. The Exxon Valdez oil spill: what have we learned? Alaska's Wildlife. 25:1-49.
ADF&G. 1994. Federal aid in wildlife restoration: Survey - inventory management report: 1July 1991 - 30 June 1993: Wolf. Alaska Department of Fish and Game. Juneau, AK.
ADF&G. 1994. Dungeness Crab. In: Wildl. Monogr. Vol. pp.
ADF&G. 1994. Scallop. In: Wildl. Monogr. Vol. pp. 2.
ADF&G, and H.T.C.o. Elders. 1995. Tlingit place names for the Glacier Bay area. Alaska Department of Fish and Game
Huna Tribal Council of Elders
Hoonah Indian Association
Sealaska Heritage Foundation
Alaska Native Language Center. Juneau.
ADF&G. 1996. Moose. Alaska Department of Fish and Game.
ADF&G. 1997. What's up with the shellfish observer program? Alaska Department of Fish and Game.
ADF&G. 1998. Subsistence in Alaska: 1998 update. Alaska Department of Fish and Game, Division of Subsistence. Juneau, AK.
ADF&G. 1998. Commercial fisheries news release: Southeast groundfish IFQ bycatch regulations.
Adkison, M., and R. Peterman. 1996. Results of Bayesian methods depend on details of implementation: an example of estimating salmon escapement goals. Fisheries Res. 125:155-170.
Aebischer, N.J., and J.C. Coulson. 1990. Survival of the Kittiwake in relation to sex, year, breeding experience and position in the colony. J. Amer. Stat. Assoc. 59:1063-1072.
Aebischer, N., P. Robertson, and R.E. Kenward. 1993. Compositional analysis of habitat use from animal radio-tracking data. Ecology. 74:1313-1225.
Aftergut, J.B. 1982. The finest musician (poems with illustrations by Kate Boesser). Homestead Press, Gustavus, AK. 36 pp.
Aftergut, J.B. 1993. Voices from Glacier Bay: Science and the sense of wonder. NPS. Glacier Bay National Park.
Agardy, M.T. 1994. Advances in marine conservation: The role of marine protected areas. Trends in Ecology & Evolution. 9:267-270.
Agardy, T. (ed). 1995. The science of conservation in the coastal zone: new insights on how to design, implement and monitor marine protected areas. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland.
Agardy, T.S. 1997. Marine protected areas and ocean conservation. R.G. Landes Company, pp.
Agler, B.A., S.J. Kendall, P.E. Seiser, and J.R. Lindell. 1995. Estimates of marine bird and sea otter abundance in Southeast Alaska during summer 1994. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Anchorage, AK.
Agler, B.A., S.J. Kendall, and D.B. Irons. 1998. Abundance and distribution of marbled and Kittlitz's murrelets in southcentral and southeast Alaska. The Condor. 100:254-265.
Aguayo, A., G. Kaufman, J. Darling, L.M. Herman, D. Glockner-Ferrari, and S.A. Mizroch. 1990. An unusual long-distance movement of a North Pacific humpback whale. National Marine Mammal Laboratory, Alaska Fisheries Science Center.
Ahlund, M., and F. Gotmark. 1989. Gull predation on Eider ducklings (Somateria mollissima): effects of human disturbance. Bio. Cons. 48:115-127.
Ahmadijian, V. 1982. Nature of lichens. 91.
Aho, P.E. 1974. Distribution, enumeration, and identification of nitrogen-fixing bacteria associated with decay in living white fir trees. Phytopathology. 64:1413-1420.
Ainley, D.G. et al. 1986. Effects of the 1982-83 El Nino-Southern Oscillation on Pacific Ocean bird populations. University of Ottawa Press. Ottawa, Canada.
Ainley, D.G. 1990. Farallon seabirds: patterns at the community level. In: D.G. Ainley and R.J. Boekelheide (eds.), Seabirds of the Farallon Islands. Vol. Stanford University Press, Stanford, CA, pp. 349-443.
Ainley, D.G. 1990. Introduction. In: D.G. Ainley and R.J. Boekelheide (eds.), Seabirds of the Farallon Islands. Vol. Stanford University Press, Stanford, CA, pp. 1-22, 418-443.
Ainley, D.G. 1990. Seasonal and annual patterns in the marine environment near the Farallones. In: D.G. Ainley and R.J. Boekelheide (eds.), Seabirds of the Farallone Islands. Vol. Stanford University Press, Stanford, CA, pp. 23-50, 383-443.
Ainley, D.G., C.S. Strong, T.M. Penniman, and R.J. Boekelheide. 1990. The feeding ecology of Farallon seabirds. In: D.G. Ainley and R.J. Boekelheide (eds.), Seabirds of the Farallone Islands. Vol. Stanford University Press, Stanford, CA, pp. 51-127, 384-391, 417-443.
Aitchison, S.W. 1977. Ice worms.
AK/DOT. 1996. Environmental assessment for Gustavus airport master plan and recommended airport improvement projects. Alaska Department of Transportation and Public Facilities. Anchorage, AK.
Akasofu, S.-I. 1965. The aurora. Dec. 1965.
Akasofu, S.I. 1979. Aurora borealis, the amazing northern lights. Alaska Geographic, 94 pp.
Akçakaya, H.R. 1992. Population viability analysis and risk assessment. In: D.R. McCullough and R.H. Barrett (eds.), Wildlife 2001: Populations. Vol. Elsevier Applied Science, London, pp. 148-157.
Akçakaya, H.R., and R. Burgman. 1995. PVA in theory and practice. Cons. Biology. 9:705-707.
Alaback, P.B. 1981. Forest community structural changes during secondary succession in southeastern Alaska. Oregon State University, Forest Research Laboratory, Corvallis.
Alaback, P.B. 1982. A comparison of old growth forest structure in the western hemlock-Sitka spruce forests of southeast Alaska. American Institute of Fisheries Research Biology. Juneau.
Alaback, P.B. 1982. Dynamics of understory biomass in Sitka spruce—western hemlock forests of southeast Alaska. Ecology. 63:1932-1948.
Alaback, P.B. 1984. Secondary succession following logging in the Sitka Spruce-western hemlock forests of southeast Alaska: implications for wildlife management. U.S. Forest Service, Pacific NW Forest & Range Experiment Station.
Alaback, P.B., and J.C. Tappeiner II. 1986. Seed and fruit production of forest understory plants in coastal Alaska. Vancouver, B.C.
Alaback, P.B. 1990. Dynamics of old-growth temperate rainforests in southeast Alaska. U.S. National Park Service. Glacier Bay National Park & Preserve, AK. 1988.
Alaback, P.B. 1992. Comparative ecology of temperate rainforests of the Americas along analogous climatic gradients. U.S. Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, Forestry Sciences Laboratory.
Alablack, P. 1994. Plants of the Pacific northwest coast, Washington, Oregon, British Columbia & Alaska. Lone Pine Publ., Redmond, WA. 527 pp.
Alaska, C.c.o.T.a.H.i.t.o., and J.a. Associates. 1983. Traditional and customary natural resources used by the Southeast Alaska natives. U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Indian Affairs. Juneau, AK.
Alaska. 1991. Coastal Zone Mangement, annual report, fiscal year 1990. Division of Governmental Coordination. Juneau.
Alaska Department of Fish and Game. Shellfish Briefing Documents for 1994\1995 Board Proposals.
Alaska Department of Fish and Game. 1995. Report to the board of fisheries 1994/95 region 1 shellfish fisheries. Juneau.
Alaska Sea Grant. 1993. Is It Food? Addressing marine mammal and seabird declines: Workshop summary. Alaska Sea Grant College Program, University of Alaska Fairbanks. Fairbanks, Alaska.
Alaska Sea Grant College Program. 1990. Lowell Wakefield Fisheries Symposium: International symposium on king and Tanner crabs, Abstracts. Anchorage, Alaska.
Albers, W.D., and P.J. Anderson. 1985. Diet of Pacific cod (Gadus macrocephalus) and predation on the northern pink shrimp (Pandalus borealis) in Pavlov Bay, Alaska. Fish. Bull. 83:601-610.
Albert, D.M., and R.T. Bowyer. 1991. Factors related to grizzly bear-human interactions in Denali National Park. Wildlife Society Bulletin. 19:
Alberts, S.C., and J. Altman. 1995. Balancing costs and opportunities: Dispersal in Male Baboons. The American Naturalist. 145,no.2:1.
Albright, H.M. 1985. The birth of the National Park Service, the founding years. Howe Bros., Salt Lake City, UT. 340 pp.
Alcala, A.C. 1988. Effects of marine reserves on coral fish abundances and yields of Philippine coral reefs. Ambio. 17:194-199.
Alcala, A.C., and G.R. Russ. 1990. A direct test of the effects of protective management on abundance and yield of tropical marine resources. J. Cons. int. Explor. Mer. 46:40-47.
Alder, J. 1996. Have tropical marine protected areas worked? An initial analysis of their success. Coastal management. 24:97-114.
Alexander, S.E., and J. Roughgarden. 1996. Larval transport and population dynamics of intertidal barnacles: A coupled benthic/oceanic model. Ecol. Monogr. 66:259-275.
Alldredge, J.R., and J.T. Ratti. 1992. Further comparison of some statistical techniques for analysis of resource selection. Journal of Wildlife Management. 56:1-9.
Allen, E.W. 1959. Beautiful bay of tragedy. In: E.W. Allen (ed.), The Vanishing Frenchman, the mysterious disappearance of La Perouse. Vol. Chas. E. Tuttle Co, Rutland, VT, pp. 13-23.
Allen, E.W. 1959. The Vanishing Frenchman, Laperouse. Charles E. Tuttle Co., Rutland, VT. 321 pp.
Allen, M.B. 1971. High-latitude phytoplankton. Annu. Rev. Ecol. Syst. 2:261-276.
Allen, D. 1974. Of fire, moose and wolves. 83.
Allen, S.G., D.G. Ainley, and G.W. Page. 1980. Haul out patterns of harbor seals in Bolinas Lagoon, California. U.S. Marine Mammal Commission.
Allen, M.J. 1983. Functional structure of soft-bottom fish communities of the southern California shelf. Dissert. Abs. Internat. 43:
Allen, S.G., D.G. Ainley, G.W. Page, and C.A. Ribic. 1984. The effect of disturbance on harbor seal haul out patterns at Bolinas Lagoon, California. Fish. Bull. 82(3):493-499.
Allen, S.G. 1985. Mating behavior in the harbor seal. Marine Mammal Science. 1:84-87.
Allen, M.J. 1990. The biological environment of California halibut, (Paralichthys californicus). The California halibut, Paralichthys californicus, Resources and Fisheries. 7-29.
Allen, M.J., and K.T. Herbinson. 1990. Settlement of juvenile California halibut, (Paralichthys californicus), along the coasts of Los Angeles, Orange, and San Diego counties in 1989. CalCOFI Rep. 31:84-96.
Allen, S.G. 1991. Harbor seal habitat restoration at Strawberry Spit, San Francisco Bay. Point Reyes Bird Observatory.
Allen, M.J., and K.T. Herbinson. 1991. Beam-trawl survey of bay and nearshore fishes of the soft-bottom habitat of southern California in 1989. CalCOFI Rep. 32:112-127.
Allen-Miller, S. 1988. Movement and activity patterns of harbor seals at the Point Reyes peninsula, California. M.S., University of California, Berkeley, CA. 70 pp.
Allendorf, F.W. 1988. Conservation biology of fishes. Cons. Biology. 2:145-148.
Allison, G.W., J. Lubchenco, and M.H. Carr. 1998. Marine reserves are necessary but not sufficient for marine conservation. Ecol. Appl. 8:S79-S92.
Almendinger, J.E. 1990. Hydrologic control of lake chemistry on Lester Island. U.S. National Park Service. Glacier Bay National Park & Preserve, AK. 1988.
Alpine, A.E., and J.E. Coern. 1985. Differences in in vivo fluoresence yield between three phytoplankton size classes. Journal of Plankton Research. 7:381-390.
Altmann, S.A. 1956. Avian mobbing behavior and predator recognition. The Condor. 58:241-253.
Altmann, J. 1973. Observational study of behavior: sampling methods. Behav. 49:227-265.
Alton, M., E. Brown, R. Deriso, L. Ronholt, C. Rose, H. Shippen, and H. Zenger. 1983. Condition of groundfish resources of the Gulf of Alaska region as assessed in 1983. Northwest and Alaska fisheries center, National marine fisheries service, National oceanic and atmospheric administration.
Alvarez-Buylla, E.R., and M. Slatkin. 1991. Finding confidence limits on population growth rates. Trends in Ecology and Evolution. 6:221-224.
Alvarez-Buylla, E.R., and M. Slatkin. 1993. Finding confidence limits on population growth rates: Monte Carlo test of a simple analytic method. Oikos. 68:273-282.
Alverson, D. 1968. Fishery resources in the Northeastern Pacific Ocean. New Series. 4:86-100.
Alverson, D.L. 1992. A review of commercial fisheries and the Steller sea lion Eumetopias jubatus: the conflict arena. Reviews in Aquatic Sciences. 6:203-250.
Alverson, D.L. et al. 1992. Final recovery plan for the Steller sea lion (Eumetopias jubatus). National Marine Fisheries Service. Silver Spring.
Amante-Helweg, V. 1996. Ecotourists' beliefs and knowledge about dolphins and the development of cetacean ecotourism. Aquat. Mamm. 22:131-140.
Amlaner, C.J., Jr., R. Sibly, and R. McCleery. 1978. Effects of telemetry transmitter weight on breeding success in Herring Gulls. Biotelemetry. 5:154-163.
Amos, W. et al. 1997. Report of the workshop. In: A.E. Dizon, S.J. Chivers and W.F. Perrin (eds.), Molecular Genetics of Marine Mammals. Vol. 3. Society for Marine Mammalogy, pp. 3-48.
Amundin, M., and B. Amundin. 1975. On the behaviour and study of the harbor porpoise, (Phocoena phocoena), in the wild. In: G. Pilleri (ed.), Investigations on Cetacea. Vol. 5. pp. 317-328.
Amundsen, T., and J.N. Stokland. 1990. Egg size and parental quality influence nestling growth in the shag. Auk. 107:410-413.
Anatoleifi, B.o.T. 1985. Tlingit indians of Alaska. University of Alaska Press, Fairbanks. pp.
Andersen, D.E., and O.J. Rongstad. 1989. Home-range estimates of Red-tailed Hawks based on random and systematic relocations. J. Wildl. Manage. 53:802-807.
Andersen, H.L. 1995. Preliminary observations on juvenile: adult ratios of marbled murrelets in Auke Bay, southeast Alaska. Northwestern Naturalist. 76:79-81.
Anderson, H.E. 1955. Climate in southeast Alaska in relation to tree growth. AFRC sta. paper #3:11.
Anderson, H.E. 1959. Silvical characteristics of Alaska-cedar (Chamaecyparis nootkatensis). 10.
Anderson, J.P. 1959. Flora of Alaska, and adjacent parts of Canada. Iowa State Univ. Press, Ames, Iowa. 543 pp.
Anderson, R.M. 1960. Methods of collecting and preserving vertebrate animals. 164.
Anderson, S.S., and A.D. Hawkins. 1978. Scaring seals by sound. MAMLAN. 8:19-24.
Anderson, M.E., G.M. Cailliet, and B.S. Antrim. 1979. Notes on some uncommon deep-sea fishes from the Monterey Bay area. Calif. Fish and Game. 65:256-264.
Anderson, S.S., J.R. Baker, J.H. Prime, and A. Baird. 1979. Mortality in grey seal pups: incidence and causes. Journal of the Zoological Society of London. 189:407-417.
Anderson, S.S. 1981. Seals in Shetland waters. Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences. 80B:181-188.
Anderson, D.J. 1982. The home range: A new nonparametric estimation technique. Ecology. 63:103-112.
Anderson, D.W., F. Gress, and K.F. Mai. 1982. Brown pelicans: Influence of food supply on reproduction. Oikos. 39:23-31.
Anderson, S.S., and M. Fedak. 1985. Grey seal males: energetic and behavioural links between size and sexual success. Animal Behavior. 33:829-838.
Anderson, P.J., R.P. Goldthwait, and G.D. McKenzie (eds). 1986. Observed processes of glacial deposition in Glacier Bay, Alaska. Ohio State University, Institute of Polar Studies, Columbus.
Anderson, D.J., and R.E. Ricklefs. 1987. Radio-tracking masked and blue-footed boobies (Sula spp.) in the Galapagos Islands. National Geographic Research. 3:152-163.
Anderson, D.J. 1989. Differential responses of boobies and other seabirds in the Galapagos to the 1986-87 El Nino-Southern Oscillation event. Marine Ecol. Prog. Rep. 52:209-216.
Anderson, C., and P. Aldhous. 1991. Global warming: Gulf war clouds convention. Nature. 349:358.
Anderson, P.J. 1991. Age growth and mortality of the northern pink shrimp (Pandalus borealis) in Pavlov Bay, Alaska. Fish. Bull. 89:541-553.
Anderson, J.E. 1991. A conceptual framework for evaluating and quantifying naturalness. Cons. Biology. 5:347-352.
Anderson, P.J., S.A. Payne, and B.A. Johnson. 1994. Multi-species dynamics and changes in community strucure in Pavlov Bay, Alaska 1972-1992. U.S. National Marine Fisheries Service, Kodiak.
Anderson, H.L., and S.T. Beissnger. 1995. Preliminary observations on juvenile: adult ratios of marbled murrelets in Auke Bay, southeast Alaska. Northwestern Naturalist. Spring 1995, v.76:79-81.
Anderson, P.J., and J.F. Piatt. 1999. Community reorganization in the Gulf of Alaska following ocean climate regime shift. Marine Ecol. Prog. Rep. 1999:117-123.
Andersson, M. 1976. Predation and kleptoparasitism by skuas in a Shetland seabird colony. Ibis. 118:208-217.
Andrade, F., M. Reis, and P. Duarte. 1989. The dynamics of the tide excursion in the Mira Estuary (Vila Nova de Milfontes, Portugal). A Lagrangian approach. Olsen & Olsen. Caen France.
Andre, M., M. Terada, and Y. Watanabe. 1997. Sperm whale behavioral response after the playback of artificial sounds. Report of the International Whaling Commission. 47:499-504.
Andrew, N.L. 1993. Spatial heterogeneity, sea urchin grazing, and habitat structure on reefs in temperate Australia. Ecology. 74:292-302.
Andrews, C.L. 1903. Muir Glacier. National Geographic. 14:441-445.
Andrews, R.C. 1909. Observations on the habits of the finback and humpback whales of the eastern North Pacific. 26:213-226.
Andrews, C.L. 1931. The retreat of Muir Glacier. The Mountaineers. 24:11-17.
Andrews, J.H., and K.T. Standrig (eds). 1979. Marine oil pollution and birds. Sandy: RSPB,
ANF. 1979. Native organizations in Alaska: records survey and historical profile. Alaska Native Foundation. Anchorage, AK.
Anganuzzi, A.A. 1993. A comparison of tests for detecting trends in abundance indices of dolphins. Fisheries Bulletin. 91:183-194.
Anganuzzi, A., R. Hilborn, and J.R. Skalski. 1994. Estimation of size selectivity and movement rates from mark-recovery data. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 51:734-742.
Angelo, J. 1976. Predation, competition, life-history strategies, and the regulation of estuarine soft-bottom community structure. Ph.D. Dissertation, Duke University, pp.
Annala, J.H. 1993. Fishery assessment approaches in New Zealand's ITQ system. Alaska Sea Grant College Program. University of Alaska Fairbanks. 93-02.
Annett, C.A., and R. Pierotti. 1999. Long-term reproductive output in Western Gulls: Consequences of alternate tactics in diet choice. Ecology. 80:288-297.
Antell, S.R. 1987. Systematics and zoogeography of mammals in southeast Alaska. Ph.D. Dissertation, Washington State University, Pullman, pp.
Antevs, E. 1922. The Recession of the Last Ice Sheet in New England. American Geographical Society, New York. 120 pp.
Anthony, L.M. 1977. Unpublished maps and notes on investigations in Glacier Bay, 1958-1960. U.S. Bureau of Mines Library. Juneau, AK.
Anthony, R.M., W.H. Anderson, J.S. Sedinger, and L.L. McDonald. 1995. Estimating populations of nesting brant using aerial videography. Wildlife Society Bulletin. 23:80-87.
Apollonio, S. 1973. Glaciers and nutrients in Arctic seas. Scientific Reports Whales Research Institute, Tokyo. 180:491-493.
Appeldoorn, R.S. 1998. Ecological goals for marine fishery reserve design: workshop summary. Proceedings of the Gulf and Caribbean Fisheries Institute. 50:294-303.
Appleton. 1893. Glacier Bay. In: Appleton's Guide to Alaska and the Northwest Coast. Vol. pp. 97-108.
Archibald, J. 1974. Transportation, communications and utilities inventory southeastern region. Joint Fed-State Land Use Planning Commission.
Ardisson, P.L., E. Bourget, and P. Legendre. 1990. Multivariate approach to study species assemblages at large spatiotemporal scales: the community structure of the epibenthic fauna of the estuary and Gulf of St. Lawrence. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 47:1364-1377.
Arifin, Z., P. Pradina, and A.H. Purnomo. 1998. A case study of the traditional trochus (Trochus niloticus) fishery in the Maluku region, Indonesia. In: G. Jamieson and A. Campbell (eds.), Proceedings of the North Pacific symposium on invertebrate stock assessment and management. Vol. 125. Canadian Special Publication of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, Ottawa, pp. 401-406.
Armstrong, R.H. Age, food and migration of cutthroat trout at Eva Lake, southeastern Alaska. ADF&G.
Armstrong, R.H. 1965. Some feeding habits of the anadromous dolly varden (Salvelinus malma) (Walbaum) in southeastern Alaska. Alaska Department of Fish and Game.
Armstrong, R.H. 1965. Some migratory habits of the anadromous dolly varden Salvelinus malma (Walbaum) in southeastern Alaska. ADF&G. Juneau, AK.
Armstrong, R.W. 1969. Revised annotated bibliography on the dolly varden char. ADF&G. Juneau, AK.
Armstrong, R.H., and B.E. Bracken (eds). 1969. Selected references on cutthroat trout.
Armstrong, R.H. 1970. Age, food and migration of dolly varden smolts in southeastern Alaska. Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada. 27:991-1004.
Armstrong, D.A., B. Stevens, and J. Hoeman. 1982. Distribution, abundance, and growth of Dungeness crab in Grays Harbor: The relative importance of estuarine populations and potential impact of dredging. Portland, Oregon. 2.
Armstrong, D.A., and D.R. Gunderson. 1985. The role of estuaries in Dungeness crab early life history: a case study in Grays Harbor, Washington. Alaska Sea Grant College Program. Fairbanks, Alaska.
Armstrong, D.A., J.L. Armstrong, and P.A. Dinnel. 1988. Distribution, abundance and habitat associations of Dungeness crab, Cancer magister , in Guemes Channel, San Juan Islands, Washington. Journal of Shellfish Research. 7:147-148.
Armstrong, D.A. 1990. Shells and warmth: The advantages of estuarine recruitment to juvenile Dungeness crab and implications for the fishery. Bull. Mar. Sci. 46:244.
Armstrong, R.H. 1990. Guide to the birds of Alaska. Alaska Northwest Books, Anchorage, AK. 1980: 309p.; 1984: 332p.; 1990: 342p. pp.
Armstrong, D.P. 1991. Levels of cause and effect as organizing principles for research in animal behavior. Can. J. Zool. 69:823-829.
Armstrong, D.A., and D.R. Gunderson. 1991. Unusually rapid growth of coastal 0 plus dungeness crab may lead to strong fisheries. 1990 International Crustacean Conference, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia, July 2-6, 1990. Mem Queensl Mus. 31:382.
Armstrong, D.A., T.C. Wainwright, G.C. Jensen, P.A. Dinnel, and H.B. Andersen. 1993. Taking refuge from bycatch issues: Red king crab (Paralithodes camtschaticus) and trawl fisheries in the eastern Bering Sea. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 50:1993-2000.
Armstrong, D., M. Fernandez, and O. Iribarne. 1994. Bioenergetics of intertidal 0+ dungeness crab (cancer magister): does demand exceed supply? Journal Of Shellfish Research. 13:291.
Armstrong, J.L., D.A. Armstrong, and S.B. Mathews. 1995. Food habits of estuarine staghorn sculpin, Leptocottus armatus, with focus on consumption of juvenile Dungeness crab, Cancer magister. Fish. Bull. 93:456-470.
Armstrong, R.H. 1996. Alaska's fish, a guide to selected species. Alaska Northwest Books, Anchorage, AK. 94 pp.
Arnason, E., and P.R. Grant. 1978. The significance of kleptoparasitism during the breeding season in a colony of Arctic Skuas (Stercorarius parasiticus) in Iceland. Ibis. 120:38-54.
Arndt, K., L. Russell, H. Sachett, and J.A. Ketz. 1987. A cultural resource overview of the Tongass National Forest, Alaska. U.S. Forest Service.
Arno, S.F. 1967. Interpreting the timberline, an aid to help park naturalists to acquaint visitors with the sub-alpine ecotone of western North America. Western Regional Office.
Arnold, G.P., M.G. Walker, L.S. Emerson, and B.H. Holford. 1994. Movements of cod (Gadus morhua L.) in relation to the tidal streams in the southern North Sea. ICES Journal of Marine Science. 51:207-232.
Arnold, G.P., and B.H. Holford. 1995. A computor simulated model for predicting rates and scales of movement of demersal fish on the European continental shelf. ICES J. Mar. Sci. 52:981-990.
Arnould, J.P.Y. 1995. Indices of body condition and body composition in female antarctic fur seals (Arctocephalus gazella). Marine Mammal Science. 11:301-313.
Arora, D. 1986. Mushrooms demystified, a comprehensive guide to the fleshy fungi. Ten Speed Press, Berkeley, Ca. 959 pp.
Arthur, S.M., W.B. Krohn, and J.R. Gilbert. 1989. Home Range Characteristics of Adult Fishers. Journal of Wildlife Management. 53:674-679.
Arthur, S.M., B.F.J. Manly, L.L. McDonald, and G.W. Garner. 1996. Assessing habitat selection when availability changes. Ecology (Washington D C). 77:215-227.
Ascher, K.F. 1989. Problems, perspectives, and prospects for Glacier Bay National Park, Alaska. Sierra Club.
Ashbaugh, B.L. 1965. Trail planning and layout. National Audubon Society. NY.
Ashley, T., and J.F.J. Gennaro. 1971. Fly in the sundew. Natural History. 80:80-102.
Ashmead, W.H., N. Banks, A.N. Caudell, O.C. Cook, and R.P. Currie. 1910. Insects. Smithsonian Institution, Wash. D.C. Pt. I, 237p. Pt.II - 284p. pp.
Ashmole, N.P. 1971. Sea bird ecology and the marine environment. In: D.S. Farner and J.R. King (eds.), Avian Biology. Vol. I. Academic Press, New York, pp. 223-286.
Ashwell, E.S., F.H. Fay, R. Elsner, and D. Wartzok. 1981. Nutritional and hormonal aspects of molting in Bering sea harbor seals( Phoca vitulina richardsi) and spotted seals
(Phoca largha). Proceedings of the 32nd Alaska Science Meeting, Fairbanks, Alaska, USA. 32:101-102.
Ashwell, E.S., E.S. Fay, R. Elsner, and D. Wartzok. 1986. Metabolic and hormonal correlates of molting and regeneration of pelage in Alaskan harbor and spotted seals (Phoca-vitulina and Phoca-laegha). Can. J. Zool. 64:1086-1094.
Askey, E., and P. Williams. 1992. Tatshenshini Alsek river use study. British Columbia Ministry of Tourism.
Asselin, S., M.O. Hammill, and C. Barrette. 1993. Underwater vocalizations of ice breeding grey seals. Can. J. Zool. 71:2211-2219.
Association, A.F. 1960. A list of common and scientific names of fishes from the United States and Canada. American Fisheries Assoc. Ann Arbor.
Asson-Batres, M.A. 1986. The feeding behavior of the juvenile Dungeness crab, Cancer magister dana, on the bivalve, Transennella tantilla (Gould), and a determination of its daily consumption rate. California Fish and Game. 72:144-152.
Atkins, N., and S.L. Swartz (eds). 1988. Proceedings of the Workshop to Review and Evaluate Whale Watching Programs and Management Needs, November 14-16, 1988, Monterey, California.
Attenborough, D. 1979. Lifie on earth. Little, Brown, Boston. 319 pp.
Attenborough, D. 1984. The living planet, a portrait of the earth. Little, Brown, Boston. 320 pp.
Attwood, C.G., and B.A. Bennett. 1994. Variation in dispersal of galjoen (coracinus capensis) (teleostei: coracinidae) from a marine reserve. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 51:1247-1257.
Atwood, R.J., T.R. Bruns, P.N. Carlson, B.F. Molnia, and G. Plafker. 1981. Bathymetric maps of the northern Gulf of Alaska studies. U.S. Geological Survey.
Au, D. Interpretation of longline hook rates. 377-385.
Auster, P.J., and R.E. DeGoursey. 1983. Mass aggregation of Jonah and rock crabs. Underwater Naturalist. 14, Number 2:24-25.
Australia, W.O., and G. Claridge. 1997. Guidelines for managing visitation to seabird breeding islands. WBM Oceanics Australia.
Averkieva, J. 1971. The Tlingit Indians. In: E.B. Leacock and N.O. Lurie (eds.), North American indians in historical perspective. Vol. Random House, New York, pp. 317-342.
Ayensu, E.S., and R.S. DePhillips. 1975-78. Threatened and endangered plants of Alaska.
Baade, R.T. 1954. Report for game fish stocking program for Bartlett Lake and Bartlett River. Alaska Department of Fish and Game.
Baade, R.T. 1978. The Dungeness crab in Alaska. Alaska Dept of Fish and Game.
Babcock, E., and L. Sharman. 1983. Observations of moulting Canada geese in Adams Inlet. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Babcock, R.C., S. Kelly, N.T. Shears, J.W. Walker, and T.J. Willis. 1999. Changes in community structure in temperate marine reserves. Marine Ecol. Prog. Rep. 189:125-134.
Backstrom, B.G. 1979. How to catch a fish in three seconds. Natural History. 88:72-73.
Bacon, E.S. Curiosity in the American black bear. University of Tennessee. Townsend, TN.
Bacon, E.S., and G.M. Burghardt. Learning and color discrimination in the American Black Bear.
Bade, W.F. 1923. The life and letters of John Muir. Houghton Mifflin, Boston. 853 pp.
Baden, J. 1991. Spare that tree!
Bader, H. 1949. Present trends in glaciology. Arctic Institute of North America and American Geographical Society. New York.
Bader, H.R. 1990. Resource managers and the courts: a decision-making process designed to achieve public confidence. 10 (3).
Bailey, A.M. Field work of a museum naturalist. Denver Museum of Natural History. Denver.
Bailey, A.M. 1921. Notes on game conditions in Alaska.
Bailey, A.M. 1927. Notes on the birds of southeastern Alaska. The Auk. 44:1-23.
Bailey, J.E. 1969. Alaska's fishery resources, the pink salmon. U.S. Bureau of Commercial Fisheries. Wash., D.C.
Bailey, E.P. 1973. Discovery of Kittlitz's Murrelet nest. The Condor. 75:457-486.
Bailey, E.P. 1977. Distribution and abundance of marine birds and mammals along the south side of the Kenai Peninsula, Alaska. the Murrelet. 58:58-71.
Bailey, E.P., and N.H. Faust. 1981. Summer distribution and abundance of marine birds and mammals between Mitrofania and Sutwik Islands south of Alaska Peninsula, USA. Murrelet. 62:34-42.
Bailey, E.P., and N.H. Faust. 1984. Distribution and abundance of marine birds breeding between Amber and Kamishak Bays, Alaska, with notes on interactions with bears. Western Birds. 15:161-174.
Bailey, E.E., G.E. Woolfenden, and W.B. Robertson, Jr. 1987. Abrasion and loss of bands from Dry Tortugas Sooty Terns. Journal of Field Ornithology. 58:413-424.
Bailey, R.F.J., and R. Dufour. 1987. Field use of an injected ferromagnetic tag on the snow crab (Chionoecetes opilio O. Fab.). J Cons Cons Int Explor Mer. 43:237-244.
Bailey, R.F.J., and R.W. Elner. 1989. Northwest Atlantic snow crab fisheries: lessons in research and management. In: J.F. Caddy (ed.), Marine invertebrate fisheries: their assessment and management. Vol. John Wiley and Sons, Rome, Italy, pp. 261-280.
Bailey, E.P. 1992. Red foxes Vulpes vulpes as biological control agents for introduced arctic foxes Alopex lagopus on Alaskan islands. Can. Field-Nat. 106:200-205.
Bailey, P.B. 1993. Quasi-likelihood Estimation of Marked Fish Recapture. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 50:2077-2085.
Bailey, K.M. 1994. Predation on juvenile flatfish and recruitment variability. Netherlands Journal of Sea Research. 32 (2):175-189.
Bailey, R.E., J.R. Irvine, F.C. Dalziel, and T.C. Nelson. 1998. Evaluations of visible implant fluorescent tags for marking coho salmon smolts. North American Journal of Fisheries Management. 18:191-196.
Bain, D. 1990. Examining the validity of inferences drawn from photo-identification data, with special reference to studies of the killer whale in British Columbia. International Whaling Commission. La Jolla, CA.
Bain, D.E., and M.E. Dahlheim. 1994. Effects of masking noise on detection thresholds of killer whales. In: T.R. Loughlin (ed.), Marine Mammals and the Exxon Valdez. Vol. 14. Academic Press, pp. 243-256.
Bain, D.E. 1995. Nine page summary of Barnes Lake, AK, killer whale rescue. Marine Mammals Research and Conservation.
Baird, R.D., and P.J. Stacey. 1988. Variation in saddle patch pigmentation in populations of killer whales (Orcinus orca) from British Columbia, Alaska, and Washington State. Can. J. Zool. 66:2582-2585.
Baird, R.W., and P.J. Stacey. 1988. Foraging and feeding behavior of transient killer whales. Whalewatcher. 22:11-15.
Baird, R.W., and P.J. Stacey. 1989. Observations on the reactions of sea lions (Zalophus californianus and Eumetopias jubatus) to killer whales (Orcinus orca): evidence of "prey" having a "search image" for predators. Can. Field-Nat. 103:426-428.
Baird, R.W., L. Dill, and P.J. Stacey. 1990. Group size-specific foraging efficiency in transient killer whales (Orcinus orca) around southern Vancouver Isand. Victoria, B.C.
Baird, P.H. 1990. Influence of abiotic factors and prey distribution on diet and reproductive success of three seabird species in Alaska. Ornis Scandinavica. 21:224-235.
Baird, R.W., P.A. Abrams, and L.M. Dill. 1992. Possible indirect interactions between transient and resident killer whales: implications for the evolution of foraging specializations in the genus Orcinus. Oceanus. 89:125-132.
Baird, R.W. 1992. Studying underwater transient killer whales. The Log. March 1992:19-20.
Baird, P.A. 1993. The breeding biology and feeding ecology of marine birds in the Gulf of Alaska. NOAA. Anchorage, Alaska.
Baird, R.W. 1994. Foraging behavior and ecology of transient killer whales (Orcinus Orca). Ph.D. Thesis, Simon Frasier University, pp.
Baird, P.H. 1994. Black-legged Kittiwake (Rissa tridactyla). In: A. Poole and F. Gill (eds.), The Birds of North America, No. 92. Vol. Philadelphia: The Academy of Natural Sciences; Washington, D.C.: The American Ornithologists' Union, pp. 1-26.
Baird, R.W., and L.M. Dill. 1995. Occurrence and behavior of transient killer whales: seasonal and pod-specific variability, foraging behavior, and prey handling. Can. J. Zool. 73:1300-1311.
Baird, R.W., and T.J. Guenther. 1995. Account of harbour porpoise (Phocoena phocoena) strandings and bycatches along the coast of British Columbia. In: Rep. Fish. Res. Lab. Vol. Special Issue 16. IWC, pp. 159-168.
Baird, R.W., and M.B. Hanson. 1996. Dall's porpoise diving behaviour and reactions to tagging attempts using a remotely-deployed suction-cup tag. National Marine Mammal Laboratory. Seattle, WA.
Baird, R.W., and L.M. Dill. 1996. Ecological and social determinants of group size in transient killer whales. Behav. Ecol. 7:408-416.
Baird, R.W. 1999. Updated status of othe humpback whale (Megaptera novaeangliae) in Canada. Pacific Whale Foundation
Biology Dept., Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia. Ottawa, Canada.
Baird, R.W. 1999. The killer whale: foraging specializations and group hunting. In: J. Mann, R.C. Connor, P.L. Tyack and H. Whitehead (eds.), In Cetacean societies: field studies of dolphins and whales. Vol. University of Chicago Press, Chicago, pp. 127-153.
Bajusz, A.M., and M.A. Gall. 1995. Offshore scientific and technical publication. USDI
Minerals Management Service. Herndon, VA.
Bajzak, D., and J.F. Piatt. 1990. Computer-aided procedure for counting waterfowl on aerial photographs. Wildlife Society Bulletin. 18:125-129.
Baker, C.S., and L.M. Herman. Seasonal contrasts in the social behavior of the humpback whale.
Baker, T.T. et al. Status of Pacific salmon and steelhead escapements in Southeastern Alaska: Abstract. 21.
Baker, R.H., and J.S. Findley. 1953. Mammals from southeast Alaska. Museum of Natural History. 7:473-477.
Baker, F. (ed). 1964. The pilot guide to scenic southeast Alaska and northern British Columbia. Tongass Pub. Co., Ketchikan, AK.
Baker, R.C., F. Wilke, and C.H. Baltzo. 1970. The northern fur seal. U.S. Bureau of Commercial Fisheries. Wash. D.C.
Baker, C.S., L.M. Herman, B.G. Bays, and W.F. Stifel. 1982. The impact of vessel traffic on the behavior of humpback whales in southeast Alaska. U.S. National Marine Fisheries Service, National Marine Mammal Laboratory, Seattle, Washington.
Baker, C.S. 1983. Humpback whales in Glacier Bay, 1983 season. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Baker, C.S., L.M. Herman, B.G. Bays, and G. Bauer. 1983. The impact of vessel traffic on the behavior of humpback whales in southeast Alaska, 1982 season. U.S. National Marine Fisheries Service, National Marine Mammal Laboratory, Seattle, Washington.
Baker, C.S. 1983. Glacier Bay humpback whale census, July, 1983 and July 6 to August 16, 1983. GBNPS. Gustavus, AK.
Baker, C.S., and L.M. Herman. 1984. Seasonal contrasts in the social behavior of the humpback whale. Cetus. 5:14-16.
Baker, C.S., L.M. Herman, A. Perry, W.S. Lawton, J. Straley, and J. Straley. 1984. Population characteristics of summer and late-season humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) in southeastern Alaska. Kewalo Basin Marine Mammal Laboratory.
Baker, C.S., and L.M. Herman. 1984. Aggressive behavior between humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) wintering in Hawaiian waters. Can. J. Zool. 62:1922-1937.
Baker, C.S. 1985. The population structure and social organization of humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) in the central and eastern North Pacific. Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, pp.
Baker, C.S. 1985. Humpback whales of Glacier Bay and adjacent waters, summer 1985. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Baker, C.S. 1985. Population characteristics of humpback whales in Frederick Sound and Stephens Passage, southeastern Alaska: Survey 1, 1985. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Baker, C.S. 1985. The humpback whales of Glacier Bay: interim report, June 1985. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Baker, C.S., and L.M. Herman. 1985. Whales that go to extremes. Natural History. 10:52-60.
Baker, C.S., L.M. Herman, A. Perry, W.S. Lawton, J. Straley, and J. Straley. 1985. Population characteristics of summer and late-season humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) in southeastern Alaska. Marine Mammal Science. 1(4):19-28.
Baker, D. 1985. Giardia! National Wildlife. 23:19-21.
Baker, C.S., L.M. Herman, A. Perry, W.S. Lawton, J. Straley, and J. Straley. 1985. Population characteristics of summer and late-season humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) in southeastern Alaska. Marine Mammal Science. 1:304-323.
Baker, C.S., L.M. Herman, A. Perry, W.S. Lawton, J.M. Straley, and J.H. Straley. 1985. Population characteristics and migration of summer and late-season humpback whales (megaptera novaeangliae) in Southeastern Alaska. Marine Mammal Science. 1:304-323.
Baker, C.S. 1986. Population characteristics of humpback whales in Glacier Bay and adjacent waters, summer 1986. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Baker, C.S. et al. 1986. Migratory movement and population structure of humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) in the central and eastern North Pacific. Marine Ecol. Prog. Rep. 31:105-119.
Baker, C.S., A. Perry, and L.M. Herman. 1987. Reproductive histories of female humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) in the North Pacific. Marine Ecol. Prog. Rep. 41:103-114.
Baker, C.S. 1987. Population characteristics of humpback whales in Glacier Bay and adjacent waters: summer 1987. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Baker, C.S., and G.W. Vequist. 1987. Humpback whales in Glacier Bay, Alaska, a long-term history of habitat use. GBNPS. Gustavus, AK.
Baker, C.S., and L.M. Herman. 1987. Alternative population estimates of humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) in Hawaiian waters. Can. J. Zool. 65:2812-2821.
Baker, C.S., A. Perry, and G. Vequist. 1988. Conservation update: humpback whales of Glacier Bay, Alaska. Whalewatcher. 2(3):13-17.
Baker, C.S., and J. Straley. 1988. Population characteristics of humpback whales in Glacier Bay and adjacent waters: summer 1988. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Baker, C.S., and L.M. Herman. 1989. Behavioral responses of summering humpback whales to vessel traffic: experimental and opportunistic observations. U.S. National Park Service, Alaska Regional Office, Anchorage.
Baker, C.S. 1989. Mitochondrial DNA: A new tool for the study of baleen whale populations. Whalewatcher. 28(2):5-9.
Baker, C.S., and L.M. Herman. 1989. Behavioral responses of summering humpback whales to vessel traffic: experimental and opportunistic observations. National Park Service, Technical Report NPS-NR-TRS-89-01, 50 pp. Anchorage, Alaska.
Baker, C.S., S.T. Palumbi, R.H. Lambertsen, M.T. Weinrich, J. Calambokidis, and S.J. O'Brien. 1990. Influence of seasonal migration on geographic distribution of mitochondrial DNA haplotypes in humpback whales. Nature. 344(6263):238-240.
Baker, C.S., J.M. Straley, and A. Perry. 1992. Population characteristics of individually identified humpback whales in southeastern Alaska: Summer and fall 1986. U S Natl Mar Fish Serv Fish Bull. 90:429-437.
Baker, C.S., et al. 1993. Population characteristics of DNA fingerprints in humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae). Journal of Heredity. 84:281-290.
Baker, R.R. 1993. The funcition of post-fledgling exploration: A pilot study of three species of passerines ringed in Britain. Ornis Scandinavica. 24:71-79.
Baker, C.S. et al. 1993. Population Characteristics of Dna Fingerprints in Humpback Whales Megaptera-Novaeangliae. Journal of Heredity. 84:281-290.
Baker, C.S. et al. 1994. Hierarchical structure of mitochondrial DNA gene flow among humpback whales Megaptera novaeangliae, world-wide. Mol. Biol. Evol. 3:313-327.
Baker, C.S., and S.R. Palumbi. 1994. Which whales are hunted? Scientific Reports Whales Research Institute, Tokyo. 265:1538-1539.
Baker, T.T. et al. 1996. Status of Pacific salmon and steelhead escapements in southeastern Alaska. Fisheries. 21:6-19.
Baker, C.S., and S.R. Palumbi. 1997. The genetic structure of whale populations: implications for management. In: A.E. Dizon, S.J. Chivers and W.F. Perrin (eds.), Molecular Genetics of Marine Mammals. Vol. 3. Society for Marine Mammalogy, pp. 117-146.
Baker, C.S. et al. 1998. Population structure of nuclear and mitochondrial DNA variation among humpback whales in the North Pacific. Mol. Biol. Evol. 7:1-13.
Baker, C.S., L. Florez-Gonzalez, B. Abernethy, H.C. Rosenbaum, R.W. Slade, J. Capella, and J.L. Bannister. 1998. Mitochondrial DNA variation and maternal gene flow among humpback whales of the Southern Hemisphere. Marine Mammal Science. 14:721-737.
Balazs, G.H. 1993. Homeward bound: satellite tracking of Hawaiian green turtles from nesting beaches to foraging pastures. National Marine Fisheries Service. Honolulu, Hawaii.
Balbuena, J.A., and J.A. Raga. 1991. Ecology and host relationships of the whale-louse (Isocyamus delphini) (Amphipoda: Cyamidae) parasitizing long-finned pilot whales (Globicephala melas) off the Faroe Islands (Northeast Atlantic). Can. J. Zool. 69:141-145.
Balcomb, K.C., J.R. Boran, and S.L. Heimlich. 1982. Killer whales in Greater Puget Sound. In: Report of the Institute of Freshwater Research Drottingham. Vol. 32. pp. 681-686.
Baldwin, S.P. 1892. Muir Glacier. Scientific American. 66:227-228.
Baldwin, S.P. 1893. Recent changes in the Muir Glacier. American Geologist. 11:366-375.
Ball, J.N. 1967. Problems in safeguarding commercial fisheries employees of the Fish and Wildlife Service. Mobile, Alabama.
Ballantine, W.J. The New Zealand experience with 'no-take' marine reserves. Appendix C : C-15-C-31.
Ballantine, B. 1991. Marine reserves for New Zealand. University of Auckland
Leigh Laboratory Bulletin No. 25, Warkworth, New Zealand. 196 pp.
Ballantine, W.J. 1992. General versus specific solutions in the conservation of marine resources. Key West, Florida.
Ballard, J.T., and R.A. Ring. 1979. The ectoparasites of some marine birds from Bamfield Marine Station, British Columbia, with particular reference to the Common Murre, Uria aalge (Pont.). Can. J. Zool. 57:1980-1984.
Ballard, W.B. 1980. Nilchina moose calf mortality study. ADFG. Juneau.
Ballau, M.M. 1907. Wonderful Muir Glacier. Alaska Monthly. May:25-32.
Bamber, S.D., and E. Naylor. 1997. Sites of release of putative sex pheremone and sexual behaviour in female Carcinus maenas (Crustacea: Decapoda). Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science. 44:195-202.
Bancroft, H.H. 1884. History of the Northwest Coast. A.L. Bancroft and Co., San Francisco. pp.
Bancroft, H.H. 1959. History of Alaska 1730-1885. Antiquarian Press, New York. 775 pp.
Bandoni, R.J., and A.F. Szczawinski. 1964. Guide to common mushrooms of British Columbia. B.C. provincial museum, 179 pp.
Banko, W.E. 1960. The trumpeter swan, its history, habits, and population in the United States. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.
Banner, A. 1983. Postglacial paleoecology and succession al relationships of a bog woodland near Prince Rupert, British Columbia. Canad. Jr. Forest Resources. 13:938-947.
Bannister, J.L. 1994. Continued increase in group IV humpbacks off western Australia. Rep. Fish. Res. Lab. 44:309-310.
Banse, K., and S. Mosher. 1980. Adult body mass and annual production/biomass relationships of field populations. Ecol. Monogr. 50(3):355-379.
Barabash-Nikiforov, I.I.e.a.t.f.R.b.D.A.B.a.Z.S.C. 1962. The sea otter (Enhydra lutris L.) - biology and economic problems of breeding. Israel program for scientific translations ltd.
Baraf, L.S., P.J. Clapham, and D.K. Mattila. 1991. Feeding behavior of a humpback whale in low-latitude waters. Mar. Mamm. Sci. 7:197-202.
Baraff, L., and M. Weinrich. 1993. Separation of humpback whale mothers and calves on a feeding ground in early autumn. Mar. Mamm. Sci. 9:431-434.
Barange, M., I. Hampton, S.C. Piller, and M.A. Soule. 1994. Determination of Composition and Vertical Structure of Fish Communities Ysing in situ Measurements of Acoustic Target Strenth. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 51:99-109.
Barans, C.A. 1979. A preliminary approach to assessment of rocky outcrop groundfish off the southeastern U.S.
Barans, C.A., and V.J. Henry Jr. 1984. A description of the shelf edge groundfish habitat along the southeastern United States. Northeast Gulf Science. 7:77-96.
Barbaresi, S., F. Gherardi, and M. Vannini. 1997. Movement patterns of river crabs (Decapoda, Potamoidea) in the field: predictable and unpredictable components. Journal of Zoology. 242:247-259.
Barbeau, M.A., and R.E. Scheibling. 1994. Procedural effects of prey tethering experiments: predation of juvenile scallops by crabs and sea stars. Marine Ecological Progress Series. 111:305-310.
Barbeau, M.A., R.E. Scheibling, B.G. Hatcher, L.H. Taylor, and A.W. Henningar. 1994. Survival analysis of tethered juvenile sea scallops Placopecten magellanicus in field experiments: effects of predators, scallop size and density, site and season. Marine Ecological Progress Series. 115:243-256.
Barber, K.H., and S.A. Rodman. 1990. Forplan: the marvelous toy. J. Fisheries Biol. 88:26-30.
Baretta, L., and G.L. Hunt, Jr. 1994. Changes in the numbers of cetaceans near the Pribilof Islands, Bering Sea, between 1975-78 and 1987-89. Arctic. 47:321-326.
Bargmann, G.G. 1982. The biology and fisheries for lingcod (ophiodon elongatus) in Puget Sound. Department of Fisheries: State of Washington.
Barklow, W.E. 1979. Graded frequency variations of the tremolo call of the common loon (Vacia immer). The Condor. 81:53-65.
Barlow, J. 1987. Abundance estimation for harbor porpoise (Phocoena phocoena) based on ship surveys along the coasts of California, Oregon and Washington. U.S. National Marine Fisheries Service, Southwest Fisheries Center.
Barlow, J. 1987. An assessment of the status of harbor porpoise populations in central California. U.S. National Marine Fisheries Service, Southwest Fisheries Center.
Barlow, J. 1988. Harbor porpoise (Phocoena phocoena) abundance estimation for California, Oregon, and Washington: I. ship surveys. Fish. Bull. 86:417-432.
Barlow, J. 1990. A Birth-Interval Model for Estimating Cetacean Reproductive Rates from Resighting Data. In: Vol. pp. 155-160.
Barlow, J. 1994. Abundance of large whales in California coastal waters: a comparison of ship surveys in 1979/80 and in 1991. Rep. Int. Whal. Commn. 44:399-406.
Barlow, J. 1994. Recent information of the status of large whales in California waters. National Marine Fisheries Service. La Jolla, CA.
Barlow, J. 1995. The abundance of cetaceans in California waters. Part I: ship surveys in summer and fall 1991. 93:1-14.
Barlow, J. et al. 1995. U.S. Pacific Marine Mammal Stock Assessments. US Dept. of Commerce, NOAA, NMFS, SFSC. La Jolla, CA.
Barlow, J., and P.J. Clapham. 1997. A new birth-interval approach to estimating demographic parameters of humpback whales. Ecology (Washington D C). 78:535-546.
Barnard, G.A. 1963. Contribution to the discussion of Professor Bartlett's paper. Jpn. J. Ichthyol. 25:294.
Barnes, V. Brown bear-human interactions associated with deer hunting on Kodiak Island. Int. Conf. Bear Res. and Manage. 90:63-73.
Barnes, V., and M. Anthony. Vegetation management for reducing mortality of ponderosa pine seedlings from Thomomys spp. Crop Protection. 14:505-508.
Barnes, R.D. 1968. Invertebrate Zoology, 2nd ed. W.B. Saunders Co., Philadelphia. 743 pp.
Barnes, D.F. 1972. Southeast Alaska gravity base station network. U.S. Geological Survey.
Barnes, D.F., P. Popenoe, R.C. Olson, M.V. Mackenzie, and R. Morin. 1972. Tabulated gravity data from southeastern Alaska obtained during the 1969 field season. U.S. Geological Survey.
Barnes, D.F., M.M. Erwin, K.D. Holden, and R.L. Morin. 1975. Additional tabulated gravity data from the Fort Alexander, Sitka, Juneau, Mt. Fairweather, and Skagway quadrangles, Alaska. U.S. Geological Survey.
Barnes, D.F. 1977. Bougeur gravity map of Alaska. U.S. Geological Survey.
Barnes, D.F., and R.D. Watts. 1977. Geophysical surveys in Glacier Bay National Monument. U.S. Geological Survey Circular. 751B:B93-B94.
Barnes, D.F. 1984. No measurable gravity change in Glacier Bay regional uplift area. U.S. Geological Survey Circular. 978:83-92.
Barnes, L.G. 1984. Search for the first whale. Oceanogr. Mar. Biol. Annu. Rev. 20-23.
Barnes, L.G. 1985. Evolution, taxonomy and antitropical distributions of the Porpoises (Phocoenidae, Mammalia). Marine Mammal Science. 1:149-165.
Barnes, L.G., D.P. Domning, and C.E. Ray. 1985. Status of studies on fossil marine mammals. Marine Mammal Science. 1:15-53.
Barnes, D.F. 1990. Gravity, gravity-change and other geophysical measurements in Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve. U.S. National Park Service. Glacier Bay National Park & Preserve, AK. 1988.
Barnes, L.G., and R.E. Raschke. 1991. (Gomphotaria pugnax), a new genus and species of late Miocene Dusignathineotariid pinniped (Mammalia: Carnivora) from California. Contr. Sci. 426:1-16.
Barnes, V., and R. Engeman. 1996. Black bear damage to lodgepole pine in central Oregon. Northwestern Naturalist. 76:127-129.
Barnett, T.P. 1990. Beware greenhouse confusion. Nature. 343:696.
Barnhart, R.A., M.J. Boyd, and J.E. Pequegnat. 1992. The ecology of Humboldt Bay, California: an estuarine profile. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.
Barnosky, C.W., P.M. Anderson, and P.J. Bartlein. 1987. The northwest United States during deglaciation: vegetational history and paleo-climatic implications. In: W.F. Ruddiman and H.W. Wright Jr. (eds.), The Geology of North America. Vol. K-3, Chapter 14. The Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, pp. 311-312.
Baron, J. 1984. Bears in Bartlett Cove. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Baron, R.C., and E.D. Junkin (eds). 1986. Of discovery and destiny, an anthology of American writers and the American land. Dulcrum, Golden, Colorado.
Barr, L. 1970. The shrimps. In: Alaska's Fishery Resources. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.
Barr, L. 1970. Diel vertical migration of pandalus borealis in Kachemak Bay, Alaska. Journal fisheries research board of Canada. 27:669-676.
Barr, L. 1973. Studies of spot shrimp, pandalus platyceros, at Little Port Walter, Alaska. Marine Fisheries Review. 35:65-66.
Barr, L. 1980. Population and behavior studies of Dungeness crabs at Steamer Bay, Alaska. NOAA-NMFS, Northwest and Alaska Fisheries Center. Auke Bay.
Barr, L. 1983. Under Alaskan seas, the shallow water marine invertebrates. Alaska Northwest Publ., Anchorage. 208 pp.
Barratt, G. 1989. Report on Tlingit artefacts [sic]. Seattle.
Barret-Lennard, L.G., J.K.B. Ford, and K.A. Heise. 1996. The mixed blessing of echolocation: differences in sonar use by fish-eating and mammal-eating killer whales. Anim. Behav. 51:553-565.
Barrett, J.H., and M.P. Harris. 1965. A count of the Gannets on Grassholm in 1964. British Birds. 58:201-203.
Barrett, P.J. 1966. Effects of the 1964 Alaskan earthquake on some shallow-water sediments in Prince William Sound, SE Alaska. Inst. of Polar Studies.
Barrett, R.T., and P.J. Schei. 1977. Changes in the breeding distribution and numbers of cliff-breeding seabirds in Sør-Varanger, North Norway. Astarte. 10:29-35.
Barrett, R.T. 1979. Adult body temperatures and the development of endothermy in the kittiwake (Rissa tridactyla). Astarte. 11:113-116.
Barrett, R.T., and O.J. Runde. 1980. Growth and survival of nestling Kittiwakes (Rissa tridactyla) in Norway. Ornis Scandinavica. 11:228-235.
Barrett, R.T. 1980. Temperature of kittiwake (Rissa tridactyla) eggs and nests during incubation. Ornis Scandinavica. 11:50-59.
Barrett, R.T. 1985. Further changes in the breeding distribution and numbers of cliff-breeding seabirds in Sor-Varanger, North Norway, 1975-1983. Fauna norv. Ser. C, Cinclus. 8:35-39.
Barrett, R.T., R. Fieler, T. Anker-Nilssen, and F. Rikardsen. 1985. Measurements and weight changes of Norwegian adult Puffins Fratercula arctica and Kittiwakes Rissa tridactyla during the breeding season. Ringing & Migration. 6:102-112.
Barrett, R.T., and W. Vader. 1985 (or 1986?). The status and conservation of breeding seabirds in Norway. In: Proceedings of the ICBP Seabird Workshop, Oxford, 1982. Vol. pp.
Barrett, N.S. 1995. Short- and long-term movement patterns of six temperate reef fishes (Families Labridae and Monacanthidae). Marine & Freshwater Research. 46:853-860.
Barry, S. 1985. Overview of the Washington coastal Dungeness crab fishery. Alaska Sea Grant College Program. Fairbanks, Alaska.
Barry, S.J., and T.W. Barry. 1990. Food habits of glaucous gulls in the Beaufort Sea. Arctic. 43:43-49.
Bart, J. 1995. Acceptance criteria for using individual-based models to make management decisions. Ecol. Appl. 5:411-420.
Barta, Z., and T. Szep. 1995. Frequency-dependent selection on information-transfer strategies at breeding colonies: a simulation study. Behav. Ecol. 6:308-310.
Barth, M.C. 1984. Greenhouse effect and sea level rise. Van Nostrand Reinhold, N.Y. 325 pp.
Bartholomew, G.A. 1984. The role of natural history in contemporary in biology. BioScience. 36:324-329.
Bartimus, T. 1991. Park Service asks rangers to "live on sunsets". Yakima Herald-Republic. July 25,1991:3C.
Bartlett, E.L. 1957. Seward's Day - the Cession of Alaska. Congressional Record, 85 Congress 1st session. Wash. D.C.
Bartley, D., M. Bagley, G. Gall, and B. Bentley. 1992. Use of linkage disequilibrium data to estimate effective size of hatchery and natural fish populations. Cons. Biology. 6:365-375.
Bartley, B. 1992. Bear facts. Alaska's Wildlife. 24:2-5.
Bartonek, J.C., and D.D. Gibson. 1972. Summer distribution of pelagic birds in Bristol Bay, Alaska. The Condor. 74:416-422.
Basset, A. 1995. Body size-related coexistence: An approach through allometric constraints on home-range use. Ecology. 76:1027-1035.
Bassos, M.K. 1993. A behavioral assessment of the reintroduction of two bottlenose dolphins. Master of Science, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA. 84 pp.
Batra, S.W.T. 1996. Deceit and corruption in the blueberry patch: how does a potentially juicy fruit become a shriveled mummy? Natural Hist. 96:57-59.
Batschelet, E. 1981. Circular statistics in biology. In: Mathematics In Biology. Vol. Academic Press, New York, N.Y., pp. 266-274.
Battista, J. 1987. Pollen-vegetation relationships near Burroughs Glacier, Alaska. In: Deglaciation at the southeast end of Burroughs Glacier, Glacier Bay, Alaska. Vol. University of Wisconsin, Department of Geology and Geophysics and Department of Geography, Madison, pp. 1-26.
Bauer, G.B., and L.M. Herman. 1986. Effects of vessel traffic on the behavior of humpback whales in Hawaii. NMFS Southwest Region, Western Pacific Program Office, Honolulu, HI.
Bauer, G.B. 1986. The behavior of humpback whales in Hawaii and modification of behavior induced by human interventions. Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, pp.
Baugh, T.G. 1978. Du Kak Si. The Structural implications of matrilineal cross cousin marrieage, the Tlingit case. University of Oklahoma. Norman.
Baumgartner, M. 1982. Humpback research comes to Glacier Bay. Juneau Empire. Sept. 2, 1982:p. 7.
Bause, K., and K.D. Hobson. 1974. Benthic errantiaente polychaetes of B.C. and Washington. Fisheries Research Board of Canada. Bulletin 185:111.
Bax, N., J.-E. Eliassen, and T. Laevastu. 1987. Multispecies analysis of a north Norwegian fjord and protection of the impact of cod enhancement. U.S. National Marine Fisheries Service, Northwest and Alaska Fisheries Center.
Bax, N. 1987. A review of variability and recruitment in marine fish. U.S. National Marine Fisheries Service, Northwest and Alaska Fisheries Center.
Bax, N., and J.-E. Eliassen. 1990. Multispecies analysis in Balsfjord, northern Norway: solution and sensitivity analysis of a simple ecosystem model. J. Cons. int. Explor. Mer. 47:175-204.
Bax, N., S. Mehl, O.R. Godo, and K. Sunnana. 1991. Transparent multispecies analysis: an exploration of fisheries and survey data off the Norwegian coast and Barents Sea. ICES Journal of Marine Science
(International Council for the Exploration of the Sea). 193:125-132.
Bax, N.J. 1991. A comparison of the fish biomass flow to fish, fisheries, and mammals in six marine ecosystems. ICES Journal of Marine Science
(International Council for the Exploration of the Sea). 193:217-224.
Baxter, D.V., and J.R. Middleton. 1961. Geofungi in forest succession following retreat of the Alaskan glaciers. University of Toronto Press. Montreal. II.
Bayle-Sempere, J.T., A.A. Ramos-Espla, and J.A. Garcia Charton. 1994. Intra-annual variability of an artificial reef fish assemblage in the marine reserve of Tabarca (Alicante, Spain, SW Mediterranean). Bull. Mar. Sci. 55:824-835.
Bazhin, A.G. 1998. Sea urchin (Strongylocentrotus spp.) fisheries in Kamchatka: Current conditions and problems. In: G. Jamieson and A. Campbell (eds.), Proceedings of the North Pacific symposium on invertebrate stock assessment and management. Vol. 125. Canadian Special Publication of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, Ottawa, pp. 423-427.
Bazilchuk, N., and R. Paul. 1986. A survey of bear activity along the Glacier Bay National Park Gustavus boundary. University of Vermont, Department of Botany, Burlington.
Beach, R.J., A.C. Geiger, S.J. Jeffries, S.D. Treacy, and B.L. Troutman. 1985. Marine Mammals and their interactions with fisheries of the Columbia River and adjacent waters, 1980-1982. U.S. National Marine Fisheries Service, National Marine Mammal Laboratory, Seattle, Washington.
Beach, D.W., and M.T. Weinrich. 1989. Watching the whales: is an educational adventure for humans turning out to be another threat for endangered species? Oceanus. 32:84-88.
Beacham, T.D. 1990. A genetic analysis of meristic and morphometric variation in chum salmon (Oncorhynchus keta) at three different temperatures. Can. J. Zool. 68:225-229.
Beachly, W.M., D.W. Stephens, and K.B. Toyer. 1995. On the economics of sit-and-wait foraging: site selection and assessment. Behav. Ecol. 258-268.
Beaman, M.A.S. 1978. The feeding and population ecology of the great black-backed gull in northern Scotland. Ibis. 120:126-127.
Beamish, R.J. 1983. The forgotten requirement for age validation in fisheries biology. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society. 112:735-743.
Beamish, R.J. 1995. Climate change and Northern fish populations. 768 pp.
Beardslee, L.A. 1882. Reports of captain L.A. Beardslee, U.S. Navy, relative to affairs in Alaska, and the operations of the U.S.S. Jamestown, under his command, while in the waters of that territory.
Beatley, T. 1991. Protecting biodiversity in coastal environments: Introduction and overview. Coastal management. 19:1-19.
Beattie, J.B. 1983. Brown bear/human interactions at Katmai National Park and Preserve: implications for planning and management. Senior thesis, University of California, Santa Cruz, California. 32 pp.
Beck, M.L.G. 1989. Heroes and heroines in Tlingit-Haida legend. Alaska Northwest Books, Bothel, WA. pp.
Beck, M.G. 1991. Shamans and kustakas, north coast tales of the supernatural. Alaska Northwest Books, Bothell, WA. 127 pp.
Beck, G.G., T.G. Smith, and M.O. Hammill. 1993. Evaluation of body condition in the Northwest Atlantic harp seal (Phoca groenlandica). Canadian Journal of Fish and Aquatic Science. 50:1372-1381.
Beck, G.G., M.O. Hammill, and T.G. Smith. 1993. Seasonal variation in the diet of harp seals (Phoca groenlandica) from the Gulf of St. Lawrence and Western Hudson Strait. Canadian Journal of Fish and Aquatic Science. 50:1363-1371.
Beckel, A.L. 1990. Foraging success rates of North American river otters,(Lutra canadensis), hunting alone and hunting in pairs. The Canadian Field-Naturalist. 104:586-588.
Becker, R.A., L. Denby, S.G. Eick, D.A. James, C.L. Mallows, W.M. Shyu, and A.R. Wilks. 1990. Analysis of king crab abundance data. American Statistical Association. Alexandria, Virginia.
Beckert, E. 1989. Astrolabe beach study, 8/9/89. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Beckey, F. 1976. Southeast Alaska. In: A. Steck and S. Roper (eds.), Ascent. Vol. Sierra Club Books, San Fran., CA, pp. 26-37.
Beckmen, K.B., G.M. Ylitalo, R.G. Towell, M.M. Krahn, T.M. O'Hara, and J.E. Blake. 1999. Factors affecting organochlorine contaminant concentrations in milk and blood of northern fur seal (Callorhinus ursinus) dams and pups from St. George Island, Alaska. the Science of the Total Environment. 231:183-200.
Bedard, C. 1993. Reproductive behaviour of grey seals (Halichoerus grypus) breeding on the seasonal pack ice in the Gulf of St. Lawrence, Canada. ISBN: 0-315-84552-X, University of Waterloo (Canada), Waterloo, Canada. 1-71 pp.
Beddington, J.R., and R.M. May. 1982. The harvesting of interacting species in a natural ecosystem. Sci. Amer. 247:62-69.
Beddington, J. 1995. The primary requirements. Nature. 374:213-214.
Bedford, D. et al. 1987. Review of some california usa fisheries for 1986. Calif Coop Oceanic Fish Invest Rep. 28:11-20.
Beebe, F.L. 1960. Marine peregrines of the northwest Pacific coast. The Condor. 62:145-189.
Beecham, J. Some population characteristics of two black bear populations in Idaho. Idaho Department of Fish and Game.
Beechel, J. 1975. Interpretation for handicapped persons, a handbook for outdoor recreation personnel. NPS Coop. Park Studies Unit, Univ. of Wash., Seattle, WA. 59 pp.
Beechel, J.M. 1979. Modifying visitor facilities and programs for disabled persons. Crater Lake National Park.
Been, F.T. 1940. Notes from a trip to Admiralty Island and Glacier Bay, 1940, in the company of Victor Cahalane. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Beentjes, M.P. 1989. Haul-out patterns, site fideltity and activity budgets of male Hooker's sea lions (Phocarctos hookeri) on the New Zealand mainland. Marine Mammal Science. 5:281-297.
Begley, S. 1995. Why trees need birds. National Wildlife. 33:42-45.
Behan, R.W. Forests and plantions and potomo-centric statutory fixes (but downhome forestry is here). Forest Perspectives. 5-8.
Behan, R.W. 1990. Multisource forest management: a paradigmatic challenge to professional forestry. J. Fisheries Biol. 88:12-18.
Beier, J.C., and D. Wartzok. 1979. Mating behaviour of captive spotted seals (Phoca largha). Anim. Behav. 27:772-781.
Beier, C., and L. Rasmussen. 1994. Effects of whole-ecosystem manipulations on ecosystem internal processes. Trends in Ecology & Evolution. 9:218-223.
Bejder, L., D. Fletcher, and S. Brager. 1998. A method for testing association patterns of social animals. Anim. Behav. 56:719-725.
Bekleshova, A.Y., V.A. Smirnov, and I.I. Terskikh. 1971. Role of marine birds and their ecto parasites in the epizootic process. Vidensk. Medd. Dans. Naturh. Foren. 16:596-600.
Belanger, L., and J. Bedard. 1989. Responses of staging greater snow geese to human disturbance. Journal of Wildlife Management. 53:713-719.
Belant, J.L. 1993. Evaluation of the single survey technique for assessing common loon populations. Journal of Field Ornithology. 64:77-83.
Belkin, A.N. 1966. Summer distrubution, stocks, prospects for commercial utilization, and certaqin features of the biology of sea-lions inhabiting the Kurile Islands. Izvestiya Tikhookeanskogo. 58:69-95.
Bell, F.H., and J.T. Gharrett. 1945. The Pacific coast blackcod, anoplopoma fimbria. Copeia. 2:94-103.
Bell, F.H. 1969. Agreements, conventions and treaties between Canada and the United States of America with respect to the Pacific Halibut fishery. Int. Pac. Halibut Commission. Seattle, WA.
Bell, F.H. 1972. The Pacific halibut- a managed resource.
Bell, H.F. 1981. The Pacific halibut. Int. Pacific Halibut Commission.
Bell, R.G., T.M. Hume, T.J. Dolphin, M.O. Green, and R.A. Walters. 1997. Characterisation of physical environmental factors on an intertidal sandflat, Manukau harbour, New Zealand. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology. 216:11-31.
Belopol'skii, L.O. 1957. Ecology of sea colony birds of the Barents Sea. Israel Program for Scientific Translations (1961), Jerusalem, Israel.
Ben-Avraham, Z. 1981. Continental accretion: from oceanic plateaus to allochthonous terranes. Scientific Reports Whales Research Institute, Tokyo. 213:47-53.
Bence, J.R. 1995. Analysis of short time series: correcting for autocorrelation. Ecology. 76:628-639.
Benda, L., T.J. Beechie, R.C. Wissmar, and A. Johnson. 1992. Morphology and evolution of salmonid habitats in a recently deglaciated river basin, Washington state, U.S.A. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 49:
Bengston, K.B. Recent history of the brady glacier, Glacier Bay National Monument, Alaska, U.S.A. 78-87.
Bengtson, K.B. 1962. Recent history of the Brady Glacier, Glacier Bay National Monument, Alaska. International Association of Scientific Hydrology, Commission of Snow and Ice.
Benhalima, K., M. Moriyasu, E. Wade, and M. Hebert. 1997. Exoskeletal lesions in the male snow crab Chionoecetes opilio (Brachyura: Majidae) in the southern Gulf of St. Lawrence. Can. J. Zool. 76:601-608.
Benhalima, K., M. Moriyasu, and M. Hebert. 1998. A technique for identifying the early-premolt stage in the male snow crab Chionoecetes opilio (Brachyura: Majidae) in Baie des Chaleurs, southern Gulf of St. Lawrence. Can. J. Zool. 76:609-617.
Beninger, P.G., L. Chiasson, and R.W. Elner. 1986. The utility of artificial collectors as a technique to study benthic settlement and early juvenile growth of the rock crab, Cancer irroratus. Fisheries Res. 4:317-329.
Bennett, D.B. 1973. The effect of limb loss and regeneration on the growth of the edible crab, Cancer Pagurus, L. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology. 13:45-53.
Bennett, D.B. 1974. The effects of pot immersion time on catches of crabs, Cancer pagurus L. and lobster, Homarus gammarus (L.). J. Cons. int. Explor. Mer. 35:332-336.
Bennett, D.B. 1974. Growth of the edible crab (Cancer pagurus) off south-west England. J. mar. biol. Ass. U.K. 54:803-823.
Bennett, D.B., and C.G. Brown. 1979. The problems of pot immersion time in recording and analysing catch-effort data from a trap fishery. Conseil International pour l'Exploration de la Mer. Charlottenlund, Denmark. 175.
Bennett, D.B., and C.G. Brown. 1983. Crab (Cancer pagurus) migrations in the English Channel. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom. 63:371-398.
Bennett, J. 1985. Goat census of the Queen-Tidal Inlet area lowlands, early June. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Bennett, T. 1990. Food habit analyses of sharks in south San Francisco Bay. Moss Landing Marine Laboratories.
Bennett, B.A., and C.G. Attwood. 1991. Evidence for recovery of a surf-zone fish assemblage following the establishment of a marine reserve on the southern coast of South Africa. Marine Ecol. Prog. Rep. 75:173-181.
Bennett, D. 1993. Wilderness values in working landscapes. Farmington, ME.
Benson, C., S.G. Wendler, and R. March. 1978. On the climate and air pollution potential in Glacier Bay National Monument, Alaska. Final report to the U.S. National Park Service on Contract No. CX 9000-7-0045. University of Alaska, Geophysical Institute.
Bent, A.C. 1921. Life histories of North American gulls and terns. United States National Museum Bulletin. 113 (Dover edition, 1963):
Bent, A.C. 1946. Life histories of North American jays, crows and titmice. United States National Museum Bulletin. 191 (Dover edition, 1964):
Bent, A.C. 1951. Life histories of North American wild fowl (order anseres) : ducks, geese, and swans. Dover, N.Y. pp.
Bent, A.C. 1958. Life histories of North American blackbirds, orioles, tanagers, and allies, Order Passeriformes: Families Ploceidae, Icterida, and Thraupidae. Smithsonian Inst., Wash. D.C. 549 pp.
Bent, A.C. 1961. Life histories of North American birds of prey: American osprey, California condors, caracaras, eagles, falcons, hawks, kites, owls, and vultures. Dover, N.Y. 194 pp.
Bent, A.C. 1962. Life histories of North American shorebirds: curlews, godwits, oyster catchers, phalaropes, plovers, sandpipers, snipes, tattlers, willets, woodcocks, and others. Dover, N.Y. 121 pp.
Bent, A.C. 1963. Life histories of North American diving birds : auke, grebe, auklet, guillemot, loon, puffin, dovekie, murre, murrelet. Dover, N.Y. 239 pp.
Bent, A.C. 1963. Life histories of North American flycatchers, larks, swallows and their allies: becard, kingbird, phoebe, pewee, martin. Dover, N.Y. 555 pp.
Bent, A.C. 1963. Life histories of North American gallinaceous birds: partridge, bobwhite, quail, grouse, ptarmigan, prairie chicken, pheasant, turkey, pigeon, dove. Dover, N.Y. 490 pp.
Bent, A.C. 1963. Life histories of North American gulls, terns, skua, jaeger, kittiwake, and noddy. Dover, N.Y. 337 pp.
Bent, A.C. 1963. Life histories of North American marsh birds: flamingo, spoonbill, ibis, jabiru, bittern, hero, egret, crane, limpkin, rail, crake, gallinule,and coot. Dover, N.Y. 392 pp.
Bent, A.C. 1964. Life histories of North American jays, crows, titmice, magpies, ravens, chickadees, and others. Dover, N.Y. 68 pp.
Bentz, R., P. Suchanek, M. Bethers, S. Hoffman, A. Schmidt, M. Dean, and R. Johnson. 1996. Area management report for the sport fisheries of Southeast Alaska, 1994. Alaska Department of Fish and Game. Anchorage, AK.
Benzie, J.A.H., and M. Wakeford. 1997. Genetic determination of sources of Acanthaster planci recruitment. CRC Reef Research Centre. Queensland.
Berg, H.C., and E.H. Cobb. 1967. Metalliferous lode deposits of Alaska: an inventory of the mines and prospects of Alaska and their geologic settings: Yakutat district. U.S. Geological Survey.
Berg, H.C., D.L. Jones, and D.H. Richter. 1972. Gravina-Nutzotim belt-tectonic significance of an upper Mesozoic sedimentary and volcanic sequence in southern and southeastern Alaska. U.S. Geological Survey.
Berg, H.C., D.L. Jones, and P.J. Coney. 1978. Map showing pre-Cenozoic tectonostratigraphic terranes of southeastern Alaska and adjacent areas. U.S. Geological Survey.
Berg, H.C. 1979. Significance of geotectonics in the metallogenesis and resource appraisal of southeastern Alaska. In: Johnson, K.M., and J.R. Williams (eds.) The U.S. Geological Survey in Alaska: Accomplishments during 1978. U.S. Geological Survey Circular. 804B:B116-B117.
Bergander, F. 1985. Sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) stock assessment and evaluation in SE Alaska, 1982-1983. Alaska Department of Fish and Game.
Bergander, F. 1985. Analysis of Lynn Canal sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) brood year returns, 1976 through 1982. Alaska Department of Fish and Game.
Bergen, C., J. St. Martin, J. Strachan, and S. Wood. 1993. The effects of disturbance on behavior of California sea lion (Zalophus californianus) pups on Los Islotes, B.C.S., Mexico. School for Field Studies. Beverly, MA.
Berger, J. 1990. Persistence of different-sized populations: an empirical assessment of rapid extinctions in bighorn sheep. Cons. Biology. 4:91-98.
Berghahn, R. 2000. Response to extreme conditions in coastal areas: biological tags in flatfish otoliths. Marine Ecol. Prog. Rep. 192:277-285.
Bergman, P.K., F. Haw, H.L. Blankenship, and R.M. Buckley. 1992. Perspectives on design, use, and misuse of fish tags. Fisheries. 17:20-25.
Berkeley, A.A. 1931. The post-embryonic development of the common pandalids of British Columbia. Contributions to Canadian biology and fisheries being studies from the biological stations of Canada. VI:79-163.
Berkeley, E., and C. Berkeley. 1948. Annelida polychaetea errantia. Canadian Pacific Fauna. 96:100.
Berkeley, E., and C. Berkeley. 1952. Annelida polychaeta sedentania. Canadian Pacific Fauna. 96:134.
Berkes, F. 1990. Native subsistence fisheries: a synthesis of harvest studies in Canada. Arctic. 43:35-42.
Bermar, A. 1983. Friends of the feathered. Anchorage Daily News.
Bernard, H.J. 1993. Field guide to the humpback whale. Sasquatch Books, Seattle. 48 pp.
Berrie, P.M. 1971. Report on lynx studies. ADF&G. Juneau.
Berry, E.W. 1945. Memorial to Harry Fielding Reid. Proc. Geol. Soc. of America.
Berryman, A.A. 1991. Can economic forces cause ecological chaos? The case of the northern California Dungeness crab fishery. Oikos. 62:106-109.
Bertram, B.R.C. 1978. Living in groups: Predators and prey. In: K.J. R. and D. N.B. (eds.), Behavioral Ecology: An Evolutionary Approach. Vol. Blackwell, Oxford, pp. 64-96.
Bertuche, D., J.G. Wyngaard, C.E. Fischbach, and E.E. Boschi. 1990. Population structural variation of the southern king crab, Lithodes santolla, of the Beagle Channel, Argentina, from 1975-1989. Anchorage, Alaska.
Berzin, A.A., and V.L. Vladimirov. 1982. A new species of killer whale from the Antarctic. Zool. Zh. 62:287-295.
Besag, J., and P.J. Diggle. 1977. Simple Monte Carlo tests for spatial pattern. Appl. Statist. 26:327-333.
Best, E.A. 1969. Recruitment investigation: trawl catch records, Gulf of Alaska, 1968 and 1969. Inter. Pacific Halibut Commission. Seattle.
Best, E.A. 1977. Distribution and abundance of juvenile halibut in the southeastern bering sea. IPHC Sci. Rep.
Best, E.A., and G. St-Pierre. 1986. Pacific halibut as predator and prey. IPHC Science Report. No. 21:27.
Best, P.B., and H. Ruther. 1992. Aerial Photogrammetry of Southern Right Whales Eubalaena-Australis. Journal of Zoology (London). 228:595-614.
Best, P.B. 1994. Seasonality of reproduction and the length of gestation in southern right whales Eubalaena australis. Journal of Zoology (London). 232:175-189.
Best, P.B., K.P. Findlay, K. Sekiguchi, V.M. Peddemors, B. Rakotonirina, A. Rossouw, and D. Gove. 1998. Winter distribution and possible migration routes of humpback whales Megaptera novaeangliae in the southwest Indian Ocean. Marine Ecol. Prog. Rep. 162:287-299.
Bester, M.N. 1995. Reproduction in the female subantarctic fur seal, Arctocephalus tropicalis. Marine Mammal Science. 11:362-375.
Bethke, R., M. Taylor, S. Amstrup, and F. Messier. 1996. Population delineation of poplar bears using satellite collar data. Ecol. Appl. 6:311-317.
Bettridge, J. 1979. The emergence of Tlingit Christianity.
Bevins, J. 1987. Beardslee Island bird and mammal baseline survey. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Bibby, C., N.D. Burgess, and D.A. Hill. 1992. Bird census techniques. Academic Press, New York. 257 pp.
Bickham, J.W., S.M. Carr, B.G. Hanks, D.W. Burton, and B.J. Gallaway. 1989. Genetic analysis of population variation in the Arctic cisco (Coregonus autumnalis) using electrophoretic, flow cytometric, and mitochondrial DNA restriction analyses. Biol Pap Univ Alsk. 112-122.
Bickham, J.W., J.C. Patton, and T.R. Loughlin. 1996. High variability for control-region sequences in a marine mammal: implications for conservation and biogeography of Steller sea lions (Eumetopias jubatus). J. of Mamm. 77:95-108.
Bielewicz, M. 1974. Kittiwake (Rissa tridactyla) in Silesia. Przegl Zool. 18:120-121.
Biermann, G.L., and R.J. Robertson. 1981. An increase in parental investment during the breeding season. Animal Behavior. 29:487-489.
Bigg, M.A. 1969. Clines in the pupping season of the Harbour Seal, (Phoca vitulina). J. Fish. Res. Board Can. 26:449-455.
Bigg, M.A. 1969. The harbor seal in British Columbia. Queen's Printer for Canada, Ottawa. 33 pp.
Bigg, M.A. 1973. Adaptations in the breeding of the harbour seal, Phoca vitulina. J. Reproductive Fertility, Suppl. 19:131-142.
Bigg, M.A. 1981. Harbour seal, Phoca vitulina Linnaeus, 1758 and Phoca largha Pallas, 1811. In: S.H. Ridgeway and R.J. Harrison (eds.), Handbook of marine mammals. Vol. 2. Academic Press, London, pp. 1-27.
Bigg, M. 1982. An assessment of killer whale (Orcinus orca) stocks off Vancouver Island, British Columbia. Rep. Intl. Whal. Commn. 32:655-656.
Bigg, M.A. 1985. Status of the Steller sea lion (Eumetopias jubatus) and California sea lion (Zalophus californianus) in British Columbia. Can. Spec. Pub. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 77:20.
Bigg, M.A., G.M. Ellis, J.K.B. Ford, and K.C. Balcomb. 1987. Killer whales: a study of their identification, genealogy and natural history in British Columbia and Washington state. Phanton Press and Publishers Inc., Nanaimo, B.C., Canada. 79 pp.
Bigg, M.A. 1988. Status of the Steller sea lion, Eumetopias jubatus, in Canada. Can. Field-Nat. 102:315-336.
Bigg, M.A. 1988. Status of the California sea lion, Zalophus californianus, in Canada. Can. Field-Nat. 102:307-314.
Bigg, M.A. 1990. An enclosed elutriator for processing marine mammal scats. Marine Mammal Science. 6:350-355.
Bigg, M.A., G.M. Ellis, P. Cottrell, and L. Milette. 1990. Predation by harbour seals and sea lions on adult salmon in Comox Harbour and Cowichan Bay, British Columbia. Department of Fisheries and Oceans.
Bigg, M.A., P.F. Olesiuk, G.M. Ellis, J.K.B. Ford, and K.C. Balcomb. 1990. Social organizations and genealogy of resident killer whales (Orcinus orca) in the coastal waters of British Columbia and Washington state. Report of the International Whaling Commission, Special Issue. 12:383-405.
Bigg, M.A., G.M. Ellis, J.K.B. Ford, and K.C. Balcomb. 1990. Feeding habits of the resident and transient forms of killer whale in British Columbia and Washington State. Victoria, B.C., Canada.
Billings, W.D. 1968. The ecology of arctic and alpine plants. Biological Review. 43:481-529.
Billings, R.F. 1970. Soil management report for the Yakutat forelands based on reconnaissance soil survey 1970. UAFS North Tongass National Forest. Juneau.
Billnan, E.L. 1975. Tlingit fishing. Sheldon Jackson College. Sitka, AK.
Binford, L.C., B.G. Elliott, and S.W. Singer. 1975. Discovery of a nest and the downy young of the marbled murrelet. Wilson Bulletin. 87:303-319.
Birkedal, T. 1992. Ancient hunters in the Alaskan wilderness: human predators and their role and effect on wildlife populations and the implications for resource management. National Park Service.
Birkedal, T., and J. Schaaf. 1992. National Park Service research initiatives in Beringia: planning for the year 2000 and beyond. National Park Service.
Birkedel, T. 1993. Collaboration and cooperation: the National Park Service perspective on social science in Alaska.
Birkhead, T.R. 1973. Jackdaws stealing fish from Guillemots on Skomer. Nat. Wales. 13:163-164.
Birkhead, T.R. 1974. Utilization of Guillemot Uria aalge colonies by Jackdaws Corvus monedula. Ornis Scandinavica. 5:71-81.
Birkhead, T.R., and P.J. Hudson. 1977. Population parameters for the Common Guillemot. Ornis Scandinavica. 8:145-154.
Birkhead, T.R. 1977. The effect of habitat and density on breeding success in the common guillemot (uria aalge). 46:751-761.
Birkhead, T.R. 1978. Attendance patterns of Guillemot Uria aalge at breeding colonies on Skomer Island. Ibis. 120:219-229.
Birkhead, T.R., and D.N. Nettleship. 1980. Census methods for murres Uria specieis; a unified approach. Canadian Wildlife Service, pp.
Birkhead, T.R., and D.N. Nettleship. 1988. Breeding performance of Black-legged Kittiwakes, Rissa tridactyla, at a small, expanding colony in Labrador. Can. Field-Nat. 102:20-24.
Birks, H.H., H.J.B. Birks, P.E. Kaland, and D. Moe. 1988. The cultural landscape; past, present and future. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. 521 pp.
Biron, M., M. Moriyasu, E. Wade, P. De Grace, R. Campbell, and M. Hebert. 1997. Assessment of the 1996 snow crab (Chionoecetes opilio) fishery off eastern Cape Breton, Nova Scotia (Areas 20 to 24 and 4X). Department of fisheries and oceans.
Biron, M., M. Moriyasu, E. Wade, P. De Grace, R. Campbell, and A. Hebert. 1998. Assessment of the 1997 snow crab (Chionoecetes opilio) fisheries off eastern Nova Scotia (Areas 20 to 24 (and 4X)), Canada. Department of fisheries and oceans.
Biron, M., E. Wade, and M. Moriyasu. 1998. Evaluation of the possibility for effort increase in eastern Nova Scotia snow crab fishing areas 23 and 24. Fisheries and Oceans Canada.
Biron, M., and M. Moriyasu. 1998. Eastern Nova Scotia snow crab. Department of Fisheries and Oceans.
Birt-Friesen, V.L., W.A. Montevecchi, D.K. Cairns, and S.A. Macko. 1989. Activity-specific metabolic rates of free-living northern gannets and other seabirds. Ecology. 70:357-367.
Bishop, D.M. 1964. Landslides on logged areas in southeast Alaska. U.S. Forest Service, Northern Forest Experiment Station. Juneau, Alaska.
Bishop, R.H. 1967. Reproduction age determination, and behavior of the harbor seal, Phoca vitulina richardsi, in the Gulf of Alaska. M.S., University of Alaska, 121 pp.
Bishop, D.M. 1977. Hydrology. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Bishop, D.M. 1977. Hydrology of coastal streams near Lituya Bay. Environaid.
Bishop, D.M. 1980. Hydrology. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Bishop, D.M., and G.P. Streveler. 1987. Gustavus ditching and drainage study. Environaid.
Bishop, G.H., P.N. Hooge, and S.J. Taggart. 1995. Habitat correlates of Pacific halibut and other groundfish species in Glacier Bay National Park. U.S. National Park Service. Glacier Bay National Park & Preserve, AK. 1993.
Bjordal, A., and T. Laevastu. 1990. Effects of trawling and longlining on the yield and biomass of cod stocks - numerically simulated. ICES Journal of Marine Science
(International Council for the Exploration of the Sea). 31.
Black, B.W. 1957. History of Glacier Bay National Monument, Alaska. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Black, H.C., O.H. Hewitt, and C.W. Severinghaus. 1959. Use of drugs in handling black bears. New York Fish and Game Journal. 6:179-203.
Black, B. 1981. Letter to Bruce Paige, 1981. (1953 observations on whales and other wildlife).
Blackburn, J., D. Pengilly, D. Jackson, and B. Donaldson. 1989. The Alaska Department of Fish and Game's westward region 1988 crab survey results. Alaska Department of Fish and Game.
Blackburn, J., B.A. Johnson, and D. Schmidt. 1990. A comparison of trawl and pot surveys of red king crab populations (Paralithodes camtschatica) near Kodiak, Alaska. Anchorage, Alaska.
Blackie, B. 1989. Beach use by black bears in east Glacier Bay, Glacier Bay National Park. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Blackie, B. 1989. Surveys of nine salmon streams in Glacier Bay National Park, Alaska. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Blackie, B., G.P. Streveler, and J. Brakel. 1989. Resource surveys of the Bartlett River with emphasis on salmon. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Blackwelder, E. 1907. Reconnaissance of the Pacific coast from Yakutat to Alsek River. U.S. Geological Survey.
Blackwelder, E. 1907. Glacial features of the Alaskan coast between Yakutat and the Alsek River. Journal of Geology. 15:415-433.
Blackwelder, E. 1909. Yakutat coastal plain of Alaska: a combined terrestrial and marine formation. American Jr. of Science. 27:459-466.
Blades, J., E. Coles, E. Gordan, and S. Sikkila. 1994. Behavior of California sea lion pups (Zalophus californianus) and effects of tourist behavior at Los Islotes, B.C.S., Mexico. School for Field Studies. Beverly, MA.
Blaker, A.A. 1976. Field photography, beginning and advanced techniques. Freeman, San Francisco, Cal. 451 pp.
Bland, J.D., and S.A. Temple. 1990. Effects of predation-risk on habitat use by Himalayan Snowcocks. Oceanus. 82:187-191.
Blane, J.M., and R. Jaakson. 1994. The impact of ecotourism boats on the St. Lawrence beluga whales. Environ. Conserv. 21:267-269.
Blankenbeckler, D., and R. Larson. 1982. Pacific herring (Clupea harengus pallasii) harvest statistics and a summary of hydroacoustical surveys conducted in southeastern Alaska during the fall, winter, and spring of 1977-78, 1978-79, and 1979-80. Alaska Department of Fish and Game.
Blankenbeckler, D., and R. Larson. 1985. Pacific herring (Clupea harengus pallasi) research in southeastern Alaska, 1982-1983. Alaska Department of Fish and Game.
Blankenbeckler, D., and R. Larson. 1987. Pacific herring (Clupea harengus pallasi) harvest statistics, hydroacoustical surveys, age, weight, and length analysis, and spawning ground surveys for southeastern Alaska, 1980-1983. Alaska Department of Fish and Game.
Blankenship, H.L., and J.M. Tipping. 1993. Evaluation of visible implant and sequentially coded wire tags in sea-run cutthroat trout. North American Journal of Fisheries Management. 13:391-394.
Blau, S.F. Alaska king crabs. In: Wildl. Monogr. Vol. pp. 2.
Blau, S.F. 1988. Commercial catch sampling and estimated harvest by sizes and exoskeletal ages of red king crabs 1960-86, Kodiak, Alaska. Alaska Department of Fish & Game.
Blau, S.F. 1988. Red king crab 1986 survey, Kodiak, Alaska. Ak. Dept. Fish Game, Div. Comm. Fish. Manage. Dev., Tech. Fish. Rpt. 88-03, Juneau:-.
Blau, S.F. 1990. Size at maturity of female red king crabs (Paraltihodes camtschatica) in the Adak management area, Alaska. Anchorage, Alaska.
Blau, S.F., S.C. Byersdorfer, D.C. Schmidt, W.E. Donaldson, and B.A. Johnson. 1992. First-year indexing of post-larval red king crab abundance by use of sausage-shaped artificial collectors in Chiniak Bay, Alaska, 1990. Ak. Dept. Fish Game, Div. Comm. Fish. Manage. Dev., Tech. Fish. Rpt. 92-09, Juneau:-.
Blau, S.F., D. Pengilly, and D.A. Tracy. 1996. Distribution of golden king crabs by sex, size, and depth zones in the eastern Aleutian Islands, Alaska. Alaska Sea Grant College Program. Anchorage, AK. 96-02.
Blau, S. 1996. The 1995 St. Matthew Island blue king crab survey. Ak. Dept. Fish Game, Div. Comm. Fish. Manage. Dev., Reg. Info. Rpt. 4K96-27:36.
Bliven, N. 1989. Our far flung correspondents, aristocrats (trumpeter swans). New Yorker. Dec. 25, 1989:81-88, 93-96.
Block, B.A., J.R. Finnerty, F.R. Stewart, and J. Kidd. 1993. Evolution of endothermy in fish: mapping physiological traits on a molecular phylogeny. Scientific Reports Whales Research Institute, Tokyo. 260:210-213.
Bloom, A.L. 1969. The surface of the earth. Prentice-Hall, Inc., Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey. 152 pp.
Blumberg, A.F., R.P. Signell, and H.L. Jenter. 1994. Modeling transport processes in the coastal ocean. In: Environmental science in the coastal zone: issues for further research. Vol. National Academy Press, Washington D.C, pp. 20-43.
Blumkvist, E. 1890-1956. Tlinkity ["The Tlingits"].
Blundon, J.A., and V.S. Kennedy. 1982. Refuges for infaunal bivalves from blue crab (Callinectes sapidus) predation in Chesapeak Bay. J. Exp. Zool. 65:67-81.
Boas, F. 1889. Fifth report of the committee investigating the Northwest tribes of Canada. British assiciation for the advancement of science.
Boas, F. 1902. Tsimshian texts. Bureau of American Ethnology Bulletin 27. 244.
Bodkin, J.L., and R.J. Jameson. 1991. Patterns of seabird and marine mammal carcass deposition along the central California coast, 1980-1986. Can. J. Zool. 69:1149-1155.
Bodkin, J.L., R.J. Jameson, and J.A. Estes. 1995. Sea otters in the North Pacific Ocean. In: E.T. LaRoe, et al. (ed.), Our living resources: a report to the nation on the distribution, abundance, and health of U.S. plants, animals, and ecosystems. Vol. U.S. Department of the Interior, National Biological Service, Washington, D.C., pp. 353-356.
Bodkin, J.L. 1995. Sea otter distribution and relative abundance: Cross Sound - Icy Strait.
Bodkin, J.L., and M.S. Udevitz. 1996. An aerial survey method to estimate sea otter abundance. Anchorage.
Bodkin, J.L., J.A. Ames, R.J. Jameson, A.M. Johnson, and G.M. Matson. 1997. Estimating age of sea otters with cementum layers in the first premolar. Journal of Wildlife Management. 61:967-973.
Bodkin, J.L., G.G. Esslinger, and G.G. Kloecker. 1998. Sea otter distribution and relative abundance and management implications in Glacier Bay. Biological Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey. Anchorage, AK.
Bodkin, J.L., G.G. Esslinger, and D.M. Monson. 1999. Estimated sea otter population size in Glacier Bay 8-13 May 1999. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve. Gustavus, Alaska.
Bodkin, J.L., and K. Kloecker. 1999. Intertidal clam diversity, size, abundance and biomass in Glacier Bay National Park & Preserve - 1999 Anuual Report. U.S. Geological Survey, Alaska Science Center. Anchorage.
Bodkin, J.L., and D.H. Monson. 1999. Sea otter distribution and relative abundance Cross Sound - Icy Strait survey summary, 11 May, 1999.
Boekelheide, R.J., and D.G. Ainley. 1989. Age, resource availability, and breeding effort in Brandt's Cormorant. Auk. 106:389-401.
Bohlin, T. Methods of estimating total stock, smolt output and survival of salmonoids using electrofishing. Unknown. 6-14.
Bohn, D. 1963. Portrait of an expedition in the Fairweather Range, Alaska. AMAJ. 13:396-402.
Bohn, D. 1967. Glacier Bay, the land and the silence. The Sierra Club, San Francisco, CA. 165 pp.
Bohn, D. 1973. The wondrous scene: early engravings, drawings, paintings and photographs of the landscape now known as Glacier Bay National Monument, Alaska, with introduction and historical notes. Goose Cove Press, Berkeley, CA. 44 pp.
Bohnsack, J.A. 1993. They enhance fisheries, reduce conflicts, and protect resources. Oceanus. 363, Number 3:63-71.
Bohnsack, J.A., and J.S. Ault. 1996. Management strategies to conserve marine biodiversity. Oceanography. 9:73-82.
Bohnsack, J.A. 1996. Marine reserves, zoning, and the future of fishery management. Fisheries. 21:14-16.
Boily, P. 1996. Metabolic and hormonal changes during the molt of captive gray seals (Halichoerus grypus). American Journal of Physiology. 270:1051-1058.
Boland, J.M. 1990. Leapfrog migration in North American shorebirds: intra & interspecific examples. The Condor. 92:284-290.
Bolt, B.a.N., Inc. 1981. Acoustic environment data base for Glacier Bay, Frederick Sound, Stephens Passage. Cambridge, MA.
Bolt, B., and Newman Inc. 1984. Glacier Bay underwater noise measurement and monitor system. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Boness, D.J., D. Bowen, S.J. Iverson, and O.T. Oftedal. 1992. Influence of storms and maternal size on mother-pup separations and fostering in the harbor seal, (phoca vitulina). Can. J. Zool. 70:1640-1644.
Boness, D.J., W.D. Bowen, and O.T. Oftedal. 1994. Evidence of a maternal foraging cycle resembling that of otariid seals in a small phocid, the harbor seal. 34:95-104.
Boness, D.J., and W.D. Bowen. 1996. The evolution of maternal care in pinnipeds. BioScience. 46:645-654.
Bonfield, S. 1986. The effects of Glaucous-winged Gull predation on Black-legged Kittiwake reproductive success. M.Sc. thesis, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI. pp.
Bonnell, M.L., M.O. Pierson, and G.D. Farrens. 1983. Pinnipeds and sea otters of central and northern California, 1980-1983. Minerals Management Service.
Bonner, W.N., et al. 1973. The status of common seals in Shetland. Bio. Cons. 5(3):185-190.
Bonner, W.N. 1976. Stocks of Grey seals and Common seals in Great Britain. Nat. Wales. 16:
Boo, E. 1990. Ecotourism: the potentials and pitfalls. World Wildlife Fund, Washington, D.C. xi-xvii, 1-26 pp.
Boonstra, R., C.J. Krebs, and M. Kanter. 1990. Arctic ground squirrel predation on collared lemmings. Can. J. Zool. 68:757-760.
Booth, G.D. Monitoring data and the risks of management decisions. Intermountain research station. Ogden, UT.
Booth, J., A. Phillips, and G.S. Jamieson. 1985. Fine scale spatial distribution of (Cancer magister) megalopae and its relevance to sampling methodology. Alaska Sea Grant College Program. Fairbanks, Alaska.
Borchers, D.L., and M.D. Haw. 1990. Determination of minke whale response to a transiting survey vessel from visual tracking of sightings. Report of the International Whaling Commission. 40:257-269.
Borgeson, D.P. 1963. A rapid method for food-habits studies. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society. 92:434-435.
Bormann, B.T., and R.C. Sidle. 1990. Changes in productivity and distribution of nutrients in a chronosequence at Glacier Bay National Park, Alaska. J. Crustacean Res. 76:561-578.
Born, E.W., and L.O. Knutsen. 1989. Satellite tracking and behavioral observations of Atlantic walrus (Odobenus rosmarus rosmarus) in NE Greenland in 1989. Gronlands Hjemmestyre Afd. for Levende Ressourcer.
Bortolotti, G.R. 1984. Criteria for determining age and sex of nestling bald eagles. Journal of Field Ornithology. 55:467-481.
Boskovic, R., K.M. Kovacs, M.O. Hammill, and B.N. White. 1996. Geographic distribution of mitochondrial DNA haplotypes in grey seals (Halichoerus grypus). Can. J. Zool. 74:1787-1796.
Bost, C.A., and Y.L. Moho. 1993. Seabirds as bio-indicators of changing marine ecosystems: new perspectives. Acta Ecol. Sin. 14:463-470.
Bosworth, R.G. 1981. Strategies for determining recreation carrying capacity of coastal and marine parks: an overview and case study. M.S. Thesis (Marine Affairs), University of Washington, Seattle, pp.
Bosworth, R.G. 1987. Tlingit subsistence in Glacier Bay, Alaska: adapting to change in landscape and bureaucracy. Alaska Department of Fish and Game.
Bosworth, R.S. 1990. Consistency and change in subsistence use of Glacier Bay, Alaska. U.S. National Park Service. Glacier Bay National Park & Preserve, AK. 1988.
Bosworth, R.G. 1995. Resident peoples' use of protected areas in the circumpolar north. U.S. National Park Service. Glacier Bay National Park & Preserve, AK. 1993.
Bosworth, K.Z., and G.P. Streveler. 1999. Plant communities, rare or sensitive plant species and wetlands of the Falls Creek area. Icy Strait Environmental Services. Gustavus, Alaska.
Botsford, L.W., and D.E. Wickham. 1975. Correlation of upwelling index and Dungeness crab catch. Fish. Bull. 73:901-907.
Botsford, L.W., and D.E. Wickham. 1978. Behavior of age-specific, density-dependent models and the northern California Dungeness crab (Cancer magister) fishery. Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada. 35:833-843.
Botsford, L.W. 1981. The effects of increased individual growth rates on depressed population size. The American Naturalist. 117:38-63.
Botsford, L.W. 1981. Comment on cycles in the northern California Dungeness crab populations. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 38:1295-1296.
Botsford, L.W., J.R.D. Methot, and J.E. Wilen. 1982. Cyclic covariation in the California king salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha), silver salmon (O. kisutch), and Dungeness crab (Cancer magister) fisheries. Fish. Bull. 80:791-801.
Botsford, L.W., J.R.D. Methot, and W.E. Johnston. 1983. Effort dynamics of the northern California Dungeness crab (Cancer magister) fishery. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 40:337-346.
Botsford, L.W. 1984. Effect of individual growth rates on expected behavior of the northern California Dungeness crab (Cancer magister) fishery. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 41:99-107.
Botsford, L.W. 1986. Effects of environmental forcing on age-structured populations: Northern California Dungeness crab (Cancer magister) as an example. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 43:2345-2351.
Botsford, L.W. 1986. Population dynamics of the Dungeness crab (Cancer magister), from North Pacific workshop on stock assessment and management of invertebrates. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 140-153.
Botsford, L.W., J.F. Quinn, S.R. Wing, and J.G. Brittnacher. 1993. Rotating spatial harvest of a benthic invertebrate, the red sea urchin, Stronglyocentrotus franciscanus. Alaska Sea Grant College Program. University of Alaska Fairbanks. 93-02.
Botsford, L.W., C.L. Moloney, A. Hastings, J.L. Largier, T.M. Powell, K. Higgins, and J.F. Quinn. 1994. The influence of spatially and temporally varying oceanographic conditions on meroplanktonic metapopulations. Deep-Sea Research Part Ii Topical Studies In Oceanography. 41:107-145.
Botsford, L.W. 1995. Population dynamics of spatially distributed, meroplanktonic, exploited marine invertebrates. Ices Marine Science Symposia. 199:118-128.
Botsford, L.W., and R.C. Hobbs. 1995. Recent advances in the understanding of cyclic behavior of dungeness crab (cancer magister) populations. ICES Marine Science Symposia. 199:157-166.
Botsford, L.W., S.R. Wing, and J.L. Largier. 1998. Population dynamics and management implications of larval dispersal. South African Journal of Marine Science. 19:131-142.
Botsford, L.W., C.L. Moloney, J.L. Largier, and A. Hastings. 1998. Metapopulation dynamics of meroplanktonic invertebrates: The Dungeness crab (Cancer magister) as an example. In: G. Jamieson and A. Campbell (eds.), Proceedings of the North Pacific symposium on invertebrate stock assessment and management. Vol. 125. Canadian Special Publication of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, Ottawa, pp. 295-306.
Boudreau, P.R., L.M. Dickie, and S.R. Kerr. 1991. Body-size spectra of production and biomass as system-level indicators of ecological dynamics. J. Theor. Biol. 152:329-339.
Boudreau, P.R., and M. Dickie. 1992. Biomass spectra of aquatic ecosystems in relation to fisheries yield. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 49:1528-1538.
Bouffard, S.H. 1982. Wildlife values versus human recreation: Ruby Lake National Wildlife Refuge. 47.
Boulding, E.G., and T.K. Hay. 1984. Crab response to prey density can result in density-dependent mortality of clams. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 41:521-525.
Boulding, E.G. 1984. Crab-resistant features of shells of burrowing bivalves: decreasing vulnerability by increasing handling time. Journal of Exploratory Marine Biology and Ecology. 76:201-223.
Boulinier, T., and E. Danchin. 1996. Population trends in Kittiwake Rissa tridactyla colonies in relation to tick infestation. Ibis. 138:326-334.
Boulinier, T., and J.Y. Lemel. 1996. Spatial and temporal variations of factors affecting breeding habitat quality in colonial birds: some consequences for dispersal and habitat selection. Acta Ecol. Sin. 17:531-552.
Boulinier, T., E. Danchin, J.Y. Monnat, C. Doutrelant, and B. Cadiou. 1996. Timing of prospecting and the value of information in a colonial breeding bird. Journal of Avian Biology. 27:252-256.
Boulinier, T., G. Sorci, J. Clobert, and E. Danchin. 1997. An experimental study of the costs of reproduction in the Kittiwake Rissa tridactyla: Comment. Ecology. 78:1284-1287.
Boulinier, T., G. Sorci, J.-Y. Monnat, and E. Danchin. 1997. Parent-offspring regression suggests heritable susceptibility to ectoparasites in a natural population of Kittiwake Rissa tridactyla. J. Ecol. 10:77-85.
Boulinier, T., and E. Danchin. 1997. The use of conspecific reproductive success for breeding patch selection in terrestrial migratory species. Evolutionary Ecology. 11:505-517.
Boulva, J., and I.A. McLaren. 1979. Biology of the harbor seal (Phoca vitulina) in eastern Canada. Department of Fisheries and Oceans.
Boundary Tribunal, A. 1904. Alaska Boundary Tribunal. Washington, DC U.S. Government Printing Office. London.
Bourne, W.R.P. 1976. Seabirds and oil pollution. In: R. Johnston (ed.), Marine Pollution. Vol. 6. Academic Press, London, Britain, pp. 403-502.
Bourne, N. 1991. West coast of North America. 925-942.
Boutillier, J.A. 1986. Fishing effort standardization in the British Columbia prawn (Pandalus platyceros) trap fishery. Canadian Special Publication of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences. Ottawa, Ontario. 92.
Boutillier, J.A., and N.A. Sloan. 1987. Effect of trap design and soak time on catches of the British columbia prawn (Pandalus platyceros). Fisheries Res. 6:69-79.
Boveng, P. 1988. Dynamic response analysis III: a consistency filter and application to four northern elephant seal colonies. Marine Mammal Science. 4:210-222.
Bowen, W.D., and Sergeant. 1983. Mark-recapture estimates of harp seal pup (Phoca groelandica) production in the northwest Atlantic. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 40:728-742.
Bowen, B.K., and D.A. Hancock. 1989. Effort limitation in the Australian rock lobster fisheries. In: J.F. Caddy (ed.), Marine invertebrate fisheries: their assessment and management. Vol. John Wiley and Sons, Rome, Italy, pp. 375-393.
Bowen, W.D. 1992. Mass changes of grey seal Halichoerus grypus pups on Sable Island: differential maternal investment reconsidered. Journal of Zoology. 227:607-622.
Bowen, W.D., J.W. Lawson, and B. Beck. 1993. Seasonal and geographic variation in the species composition and size of prey consumed by grey seals (Halichoerus grypus) on the Scotian Shelf. Canadian Journal of Fish and Aquatic Science. 50:1768-1778.
Bowen, W.D., O.T. Oftedal, D.J. Boness, and S.J. Iverson. 1994. The effect of maternal age and other factors on birth mass in the harbor seal. Can. J. Zool. 72:8-14.
Bowering, W.R. 1984. Migrations of Greenland halibut (Reinhardtius hippoglossoides) in the northwest Atlantic from tagging in the Labrador and Newfoundland, Canada region. J Northwest Atl Fish Sci. 5:85-92.
Bowering, W.R., and D. Power. 1995. Spatial distribution of Greenland halibut (Reinhardtius hippoglossoides (Walbaum)) in the Labrador-Eastern Newfoundland area of the Canadian Northwest Atlantic. Northwest Atlantic Fisheries Organization Scientific Council Studies. 51-61.
Bowles, A., and B.S. Stewart. 1980. Disturbances to the pinnipeds and birds of San Miguel Island 1979-1980. In: J.R. Jehl and C.F. Cooper (eds.), Potential effects of space shuttle sonic booms on the biota and geology of the California Channel Islands: Research Reports. Vol. Tech. Rep 80-1. pp. 99-137.
Bowman, T.E. 1960. The pelagic amphipos genus Parathemisto (Hyperiidea, Hyperiidae) in the North Pacific and adjacent Arctic Ocean. Proceedings of the U.S. National Museum. 112:343-392.
Bowman, T.D., and J.A. Bernatowicz. 1990. Movements and seasonal concentration areas of radiotagged bald eagles from Prince William Sound, Alaska. United States Fish and Wildlife Service. Cordova, Alaska.
Bowman, T.D. 1992. Guidelines for conducting bald eagle reproductive surveys in coastal Alaska. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Cordova.
Boyce, M.S. 1992. Population Viability Analysis. Annu. Rev. Ecol. Syst. 23:481-506.
Boyd, J.M. 1960. The distribution and numbers of Kittiwakes and Guillemots at St. Kilda. British Birds. 54:252-264.
Boyd, I.L. 1996. Temporal scales of foraging in a marine predator. Ecology (Washington D C). 77:426-434.
Braak, C.J.F. 1994. Canonical community ordination. Part I: Basic theory and linear methods. Ecoscience. 1:127-140.
Braaten, A.M., and B.K. Gilbert. 1987. Profile analysis of human-bear relationships in Katmai National park and Preserve. U.S. National Park Service, Alaska Regional Office. Anchorage, Alaska.
Bracken, B.E. 1982. Sablefish (Anoplopoma fimbria) migration in the Gulf of Alaska based on gulf-wide tag recoveries, 1973-1981. Alaska Department of Fish and Game.
Bradley, D.C., and C. Dusel-Bacon (eds). 1992. Geologic studies in Alaska by the U.S. Geological Survey, 1991. U.S. Geological Survey, Denver, CO.
Bradley, R.A. 1993. Wintering shorebirds increase after kelp (Macrocystis) recovery. The Condor. 95:372-376.
Bradshaw, C.J.A., S. Boutin, and D.M. Hebert. 1997. Effects of petroleum exploration on woodland caribou in northeastern Alberta. Journal of Wildlife Management. 61:1127-1133.
Bradshaw, C.J.A., S. Boutin, and D.M. Hebert. 1998. Energetic implications of disturbance caused by petroleum exploration to woodland caribou. Can. J. Zool. 76:1319-1324.
Brady, C.F. 1980. Through the storm through the sun: a personal account of life in transition in Southeastern Alaska.
Braham, H.W. The status of endangered whales: An overview. Marine fisheries review. 2-6.
Braham, H.W., R.D. Everitt, and D.J. Rugh. 1977. Preliminary evidence of a northern sea lion (Eumetopias jubatus) population decline in the eastern Aleutian islands. National Marine Fisheries Service, Northwest and Alaska Fisheries Center.
Braham, H.W., R.D. Everitt, and D.J. Rugh. 1980. Northern sea lion decline in the eastern Aleutian Islands. J. Wildl. Mgmt. 44:25-33.
Braham, H.W. et al. 1981. Oil & gas development effects: marine mammals. U.S. Government Printing Office. Anchorage, Alaska.
Braham, H.W., and M.E. Dahlheim. 1982. Killer whales in Alaska documented in the Platforms of Opportunity Program. Report of the International Whaling Commission. 31:523-526.
Braham, H.W., and M.E. Dahlheim. 1982. Whales in Alaska documented in the platforms of oportunity program. In: Report of the Institute of Freshwater Research Drottingham. Vol. 32. Int. Whal. Commn, Cambridge, UK, pp. 643-646.
Braham, H.W. 1984. Distribution and migration of gray whales in Alaska. In: M.L. Jones, S.L. Swartz and S. Leatherwood (eds.), The Grey Whale (Eschrichtius robustus). Vol. Academic Press, Orlando, Florida, pp. 249-266.
Brailovskaya, T. 1998. Obstacles to Protecting Marine Biodiversity through Marine Wilderness Preservation: Examples from the New England Region. Conservation Biology [Conserv. Biol.]. 12:1236-1240.
Brandao, A., D.S. Butterworth, and M.R. Brown. 2000. Maximum possible humpback whale increase rates as a function of biological parameter values. Report of the International Whaling Commission Scientific Committee. Annex G:192-193.
Brander, K.M., and D.B. Bennett. 1989. Norway lobsters in the Irish Sea: modeling one component of a multispecies resource. In: J.F. Caddy (ed.), Marine invertebrate fisheries: their assessment and management. Vol. John Wiley and Sons, Rome, Italy, pp. 183-204.
Brannian, L.K. 1987. Population assessment survey for red king crab (Paralithodes camtschatica) in Norton Sound, Alaska, 1985. Alaska Department of Fish and Game.
Brasseur, S., J. Creuwels, B. v/d Werf, and P. Reijnders. 1996. Deprivation indicates necessity for haul-out in harbor seals. Marine Mammal Science. 12:619-624.
Brattegard, T. 1980. Why biologists are interested in fjords. In: H.J. Freeland, D.M. Farmer and C.D. Levings (eds.), Fjord Ocean. Vol. Plenum Press, New York and London, pp. 53-66.
Brault, S., and H. Caswell. 1993. Pod-specific demography of killer whales (Orcinus orca). Ecology. 74(5):1444-1454.
Braun, C.E., K.W. Harmon, J.A. Jackson, and C.D. Littlefield. 1978. Management of national wildlife refuges in the United States: its impacts on birds. Wilson Bulletin. 90:309-321.
Braune, B.M., and D.E. Gaskin. 1982. Feeding methods and diving rates of migrating larids off Deer Island, New Brunswick. Can. J. Zool. 60:2190-2197.
Bray, K. 1996. Habitat models as tools for evaluating historic change in the St. Marys River. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 53:88-98.
Bredin, K. 1983. Foraging ecology of humpback whales off Newfoundland. The Society for Marine Mammals. Boston, Mass.
Breen, P.A. 1985. Preliminary analysis of Fraser Delta tagged crab returns, May-November 1984. Canadian Manuscript Report of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences. 41-49.
Breen, P.A. 1987. Mortality of Dungeness crabs caused by lost traps in the Fraser River Estuary, British Columbia [Canada]. N Am J Fish Manage. 7:429-435.
Breen, R.T. 1988. Sizes and seasonal abundance of rock crabs in intertidal channels at James V. Fitzgerald Marine Reserve, California. Bulletin Southern California Academy of Sciences. 87(2):84-87.
Breen, P.A., and M. Stocker. 1993. Evaluating the consequences of constant catch levels on the red rock lobster, Jasus edwardsii, population of New Zealand. Alaska Sea Grant College Program. University of Alaska Fairbanks. 93-02.
Breen, P.A., and T.H. Kendrick. 1998. An evaluation of surplus production analysis for assessing the fishery for New Zealand red rock lobsters (Jasus edwardsii). In: G. Jamieson and A. Campbell (eds.), Proceedings of the North Pacific symposium on invertebrate stock assessment and management. Vol. 125. Canadian Special Publication of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, Ottawa, pp. 213-223.
Breining, G. 1991. Buying time. Audubon. Nov-Dec:60-69.
Brennan, L.A. 1991. Estimating sex ratios with discriminant function analysis: the influence of probability cutpoints and sample size. Journal of Field Ornithology. 62:357-366.
Brethes, J.C., R. Bouchard, and G. Desrosiers. 1985. Determination of the area prospected by a baited trap from a tagging and recapture experiment with snow crabs (Chionoecetes opilio). J. Northw. Atl. Fish. Sci. 6:37-42.
Brethes, J.C.F., F. Coulombe, P.E. Lafleur, and R. Bouchard. 1987. Habitat and spatial distribution of early benthic stages of the snow crab Chionoecetes opilio O. Fabricius off the north shore of the Gulf of St. Lawrence. J Crustacean Biol. 7:667-681.
Brethes, J.F., and F. Coulombe. 1990. Oriented movements of tagged male snow crabs (Chionoecetes opilio O. Fabr.) off the north shore of the Gulf of St. Lawrence. Anchorage, Alaska.
Brew, D.A., R.A. Loney, and L.J.P. Muffler. 1966. Tectonic history of southeastern Alaska. Canadian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy.
Brew, D.A., and A.T. Ovenshine. 1974. Summary of recent studies in Glacier Bay National Monument, Alaska. U.S. Geological Survey.
Brew, D.A., C. Carlson, and C.J. Nutt. 1976. Apparent pre-middle Tertiary right-lateral offset on Excursion Inlet fault, Glacier Bay National Monument. U.S. Geological Survey.
Brew, D.A., D. Grybeck, B.R. Johnson, and C.J. Nutt. 1976. Glacier Bay National Monument mineral resources studies recommenced. U.S. Geological Survey.
Brew, D.A., B.R. Johnson, C.J. Nutt, D. Grybeck, and A.B. Ford. 1977. Newly discovered granitic and gabbroic bodies in the Fairweather Range, Glacier Bay National Monument, Alaska. U.S. Geological Survey.
Brew, D.A., R.A. Loney, R.W. Kistler, G.K. Czamanske, C.S. Gromme, and T. Tatsumoto. 1977. Probable Precambrian or lower Paleozoic rocks in the Fairweather Range, Glacier Bay National Monument, Alaska. U.S. Geological Survey.
Brew, D.A., B.R. Johnson, A.B. Ford, and R.B. Morrell. 1978. Intrusive rocks in the Fairweather Range, Glacier Bay National Monument, Alaska. U.S. Geological Survey.
Brew, D.A. et al. 1978. Mineral resources of Glacier Bay National Monument Wilderness Study Area, Alaska. U.S. Geological Survey.
Brew, D.A., and R.P. Morrell. 1978. Tarr Inlet suture zone, Glacier Bay National Monument, Alaska. U.S. Geological Survey.
Brew, D.A., and R.B. Morrell. 1979. The Wrangell Terrane (Wrangellia) in southeastern Alaska. The Tarr Inlet suture zone with its northern and southern extensions. U.S. Geological Survey.
Brew, D.A., and R.P. Morrell. 1979. Correlation of the Sitka Graywacke, unnamed rocks in the Fairweather Range and Valdez Group, southeastern and south-central Alaska. U.S. Geological Survey.
Brew, D.A., D. Grybeck, and B.R. Johnson. 1979. Summary of mineral resources, Glacier Bay National Monument Wilderness Study Area, southeastern Alaska. U.S. Geological Survey.
Brew, D.A., and A.L. Kimball. 1983. Mineral resources of the Glacier Bay National Monument Wilderness Study Area, southeast Alaska. U.S. Geological Survey.
Brew, D.A. 1988. Latest Mesozoic and Cenozoic igneous rocks of southeastern Alaska: a synopsis. U.S. Geological Survey.
Brew, D.A. 1988. Mesozoic and Cenozoic intrusions and batholiths of the circum-Pacific region as analogues of pre-Phanerozoic batholiths: a summary. Department of Interior, U.S. Geological Survey. Butte, Montana.
Brew, D.A. 1990. Plate-tectonic setting of Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve and Admiralty Island National Monument, southeast Alaska. U.S. National Park Service. Glacier Bay National Park & Preserve, AK. 1988.
Brew, D.A. 1991. U.S. Geological Survey bedrock geological studies in Glacier Bay National Park, southeastern Alaska. U.S. Geological Survey.
Brew, D.A., S.M. Karl, D.F. Barnes, J. R.C., A.B. Ford, and R. Horner. 1991. A northern Cordilleran ocean-continent transect: Sitka Sound to Atlin Lake, British Columbia. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences. 28:840-853.
Brew, D.A., L.J. Drew, J.M. Schmidt, D.H. Root, and D.F. Huber. 1991. Undiscovered locatable mineral resources of the Tongass National Forest and adjacent areas, southeastern Alaska. U.S. Geological Survey.
Brew, D.A., G.R. Himmelberg, R.A. Loney, and A.B. Ford. 1992. Distribution and characteristics of metamorphic belts in the south-eastern Alaska part of the North American Cordillera. Journal of Metamorphic Geology. 10:465-482.
Brew, D.A. 1993. Regional geological setting of mineral resources in southeastern Alaska. In: L.H. Godwin and B.D. Smith (eds.), Economic mineral resources of the Annette Islands Reserve, Alaska. Vol. U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Indian Affairs, Division of Energy and Mineral Resources, pp. 13-20.
Brew, D.A., and A.B. Ford. 1994. The coast mountains plutonic-metamorhpic complex and related rocks between Haines, Alaska, and Fraser, British Columbia -- tectonic and geologic sketches and Klondike highway road log. U.S. Geological Survey. Menlo Park, CA.
Brew, D.A. 1994. Latest Mesozoic and Cenozoic magmatism in southeastern Alaska. In: G. Plafker and H.C. Berg (eds.), The geology of Alaska. Vol. v. G-1, Chap. 19. Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, pp. 621-656.
Brew, D.A., R.B. Horner, and D.F. Barnes. 1995. Bedrock-geologic and geophysical research in Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve: unique opportunities of local-to-global significance. U.S. National Park Service. Glacier Bay National Park & Preserve, AK. 1993.
Brew, D.A. 1996. Visions, missions, goals, etc. for Glacier Bay National Park.
Brew, D.A. et al. 1996. Undiscovered mineral resources of southeastern Alaska -- Revised mineral-resource-assessment-tract descriptions. U.S. Geological Survey.
Brew, D.A. et al. 1996. Map of tracts containing undiscovered mineral resources, Southeastern Alaska.
Bricker, O.P., and M.A. Ruggiero. 1998. Toward a national program for monitoring environmental resources. Ecol. Appl. 8:326-329.
Briggle, W.J. et al. 1992. National parks for the 21st century: the vail agenda.
Bright, D.B. 1959. The occurrence and food of the sleeper shark, (Somniosus pacificus), in a central Alaska bay. Copeia. 1959:76-77.
Bright, L.K. 1985. Patterns of tourism in southeast Alaska: an analysis of the impact of wilderness designation on the tourism industry. University of Alaska, School of Agriculture and Land Management.
Brit-Friesen, V.L. 1989. Activity-specific metabolic rates of free-living Northern Gannets and other sea birds. Ecology. 70:357-367.
Brock, V.E. 1940. Note on the young of the sablefish, anoplopoma fimbria. Copeia. 4:268-270.
Brock, V.E., and R.H. Riffenburgh. 1960. Fish schooling: a possible factor in reducing predation. J. Northwest Atl. Fish. Sci. 25:307-317.
Brodersen, C.C., P.M. Rounds, and M.M. Babcock. 1990. Diet influences cannibalism in laboratory-held juvenile red king crabs (Paralithodes camtschatica),. Anchorage, Alaska.
Brodeur, R.D., and P.A. Livingston. 1988. Food habits and diet overlap of various eastern Bering Sea fishes. U.S. Department of Commerce. Seattle, Washington.
Brodeur, R.D., and W.G. Pearcy. 1990. Trophic relations of juvenile Pacific salmon off the Oregon and Washington coast [USA]. U S National Marine Fisheries Service Fishery Bulletin. 88:617-636.
Brodeur, R.D. 1996. In situ observations of the association between juvenile fishes and Scyphomedusae in the Bering Sea. National Marine Fisheries Service, Alaska Fisheries Science Center. Seattle, WA.
Brodie, P.F. 1975. Cetacean energetics, an overview of intraspecific size variation. Ecology. 56:152-161.
Brodie, P.F., D.D. Sameoto, and R.W. Sheldon. 1978. Population densities of euphausiids off Nova Scotia as indicted by net samples, whale stomach contents, and sonar. Limnology and Oceanography. 23:1264-1267.
Broley, C.L. 1947. Migration and nesting of Florida bald eagles. Wilson Bull. 59:1-68.
Bromley, M. 1985. Safety in bear country: a reference manual. Northwest Territories Department of Renewable Resources, 116 pp.
Bronmark, C., S.P. Klosiewski, and R.A. Stein. 1992. Indirect effects of predation in a freshwater, benthic food chain. Ecology. 73:1662-1674.
Brookner, P.E. 1986. Lithofacies produced by rapid retreat of the Casement Glacier, Glacier Bay National Park, Alaska. M.S. Thesis (Geology), University of Nebraska, Lincoln, pp.
Brooks, J.W., J.C. Bartonek, D.R. Klein, D.L. Spencer, and A.S. Thayer. 1971. Environmental influences of oil and gas development in the arctic slope and beaufort sea. Fish and Wildlife Service. Washington, DC.
Brower, K. 1980. Seeking God's grasp of the country: biologist Greg Streveler pursues a remarkable vocation in Alaska's Glacier Bay National Monument. Country Journal. 7:38-45.
Brown, C.G. Population and catch structure of the edible crab (Cancer pagurus) in the English Channel. J. Cons. int. Explor. Mer. 39:88-100.
Brown, J.L., and G.H. Orians. 1970. Spacing patterns in mobile animals. Ann. Rev. Ecol. Syst. 1:239-262.
Brown, R.B. 1971. The development of the Alaskan fishery for tanner crab (Chionoecetes spp.) with particular reference to the Kodiak area, 1967-1970. Alaska Department of Fish and Game.
Brown, R.G.B. 1980. Seabirds as marine animals. In: J. Burger, B.L. Olla and H.E. Winn (eds.), Behavior of mairne animals: current perspectives in research. Vol. Plenum Press, New York, pp. 1-39.
Brown, R.F., and B.R. Mate. 1983. Abundance, movements, and feeding habits of Harbor Seals (Phoca vitulina) at Netarts and Tillamook Bays, Oregon. Fish. Bull. 81:291-301.
Brown, W.E. 1984. Historical perspectives. U.S. National Park Service. Glacier Bay National Park & Preserve, AK. 1983.
Brown, P. 1985. Mountain goat observations in Glacier Bay National Park, summer. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Brown, P. 1986. Backcountry campsite monitoring program: campsite surveys 1986. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Brown, P. 1987. Baseline studies, Hugh Miller and Adams Inlet. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Brown, T.G., I.V. Williams, and A. Langston. 1987. Watershed data base: Barkley Sound, Vancouver Island. Canadian Department of Fisheries and Oceans.
Brown, W.E. 1990. New perspectives in park science. U.S. National Park Service. Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve, AK. 1988.
Brown, C.R., B.J. Stutchbury, and P.D. Walsh. 1990. Choice of colony size in birds. Trends in Ecology and Evolution. 5:398-403.
Brown, C.R., and M.B. Brown. 1992. Ectoparasitism as a cause of natal dispersal in cliff swallows. Ecology. 73:1718-1723.
Brown, R.M., K.L. Denman, G.A. Borstad, and J.R. Parks. 1993. The use of satellite imagery to direct research ship sampling operations. Fisheries Ocean. 2:3/4:184-190.
Brown, K.M., and R.D. Morris. 1994. The influence of investigator disturbance on the breeding success of Ring-billed Gulls (Larus delawarensis). Colonial Waterbirds. 17:7-17.
Brown, J.H., D.W. Mehlman, and G.C. Stevens. 1995. Spatial variation in abundance. Ecology. 76:2028-2043.
Brown, R.H. 1995. Striking a balance. Spring/Summer 1995.
Brown, K.S. 1997. New model charts swings in crab populations. Scientific Reports Whales Research Institute, Tokyo. 276:1335(1).
Browning, R.J. 1980. Fisheries of the north Pacific. Alaska Northwest Publishing Company, Anchorage, Alaska. pp.
Browning, L.J., A.D. Williams, and E. Harland. 1997. Cetacean disturbance by high speed ferries: a preliminary assessment. Proceedings of the Institute of Acoustics. 19:85-95.
Brönmark, C., S.P. Klosiewski, and R.A. Stein. 1992. Indirect effects of predation in a freshwater benthic food chain. Ecology. 73:1662-1674.
Bruce, H.E., D.R. McLain, and B.L. Wing. 1977. Annual physical and chemical oceanographic cycles of Auke Bay, southeastern Alaska. U.S. National Marine Fisheries Service.
Bruce, P.C. 1991. Resampling Stats. Resampling Stats, Inc. Linthicum, MD.
Brueggeman, J.J., C.I. Malme, R.A. Grotenfendt, and D.P. Volsen. 1990. 1989 Walrus monitoring program: the Klondike, Burger, and Popcorn prospects in the Chukchi Sea. Shell Western E&P Inc.
Brun, E. 1971. Breeding distribution and population of cliff-breeding seabirds in Sor-Varanger, North Norway. Astarte. 4:53-60.
Brun, E. 1973. New breeding records of kittiwake (Rissa tridactyla) on the coastal stretch Stadt-hitra south Norway. Sterna (Stavanger). 12:218-222.
Bryant, P.J., G. Nichols, T.A. Boettger, and K. Miller. 1979. Krill availability and the distribution of humpback whales in southeastern Alaska: cruise report of the R/V Regina Maris, Expedition No. 16, Juneau-Ketchikan, Alaska. Ocean Research and Education Society, Inc.
Bryant, P.J., G. Nichols, T.B. Bryant, and K. Miller. 1980. Distribution of krill and humpback whales in southeastern Alaska. Ocean Research and Education Society, Inc.
Bryant, P.J., G. Nichols, T.B. Bryant, and K. Miller. 1981. Krill availability and the distribution of humpback whales in southeastern Alaska. Journal of Mammology. 62:427-430.
Bryant, M.D. 1983. The role and management of woody debris in west coast salmonid nursery streams. North American Journal of Fisheries Management. 3:322-330.
Bryant, M.D., P.E. Porter, and S.J. Paustian. 1990. Evaluation of a stream channel-type system for southeast Alaska. U.S. Forest Service, Forestry Sciences Laboratory, Juneau.
Bryant, M.D., B.E. Wright, and B.J. Davies. 1992. Application of a hierarchical habitat unit classification system: stream habitat and salmonid distribution in Ward Creek, southeast Alaska. U.S. Forest Service, Forestry Sciences Laboratory, Juneau.
Bryden, M.M. 1964. Insulating capacity of the subcutaneous fat of the southern elephant seal. Nature. 203:1299-1300.
Bryden, M.M. 1968. Control of growth in two populations of elephant seals. Nature. 217:1106-1108.
Bryden, M.M., G.P. Kirkwood, and R.W. Slade. 1990. Humpback whales, Area V: An increase in numbers off Australia's east coast. In: K.R. Kerry and G. Hempel (eds.), Antarctic Ecosystems. Vol. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, pp. 271-277.
Bub, H. 1991. Bird trapping and bird banding: a handbook for trapping methods all over the world. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, New York. 328 pp.
Buchanan, J.B., C.T. Schick, L.A. Brennan, and S.G. Herman. 1988. Merlin predation on wintering Dunlins: hunting success and Dunlin escape tactics. Wilson Bulletin. 100:108-118.
Buckland, S.T. 1982. A mark-recapture survival analysis. J. Amer. Stat. Assoc. 51:833-847.
Buckland, S.T. 1990. Estimation of survival rates from sightings of individually identifiable whales. In: P.S. Hammond, S.A. Mizroch and G.P. Donovan (eds.), Individual Recognition of Cetaceans: Use of photo-identification and other techniques to estimate population parameters. Reports of the International Whaling Commission, Special Issue 12. Vol. Reports of the International Whaling Commission, Special Issue 12. Intrenational Whaling Commission, Cambridge, pp. 155-160.
Buckland, S.T., K.L. Cattanach, and R.C. Hobbs. 1991. Abundance estimates of Pacific white-sided dolphin, northern right whale dolphin, Dall's porpoise and northern fur seal in the North Pacific, 1987-1990. International North Pacific Fisheries Commission. Tokyo, Japan. 53.
Buckland, S.T., K.L. Cattanach, and A.A. Anganuzzi. 1992. Estimating trends in abundance of dolphins associated with tuna in the eastern tropical Pacific Ocean, using sightings data collected on commercial tuna vessels. Fisheries Bulletin. 90:1-12.
Buckley, F.G., and P.A. Buckley. 1980. Habitat selection and marine birds. In: J. Burger, B.L. Olla and H.E. Winn (eds.), Behavior of marine animals. Vol. 4. Plenum press, New Brunswick, pp. 69-112.
Buddington, A.F. 1926. Mineral investigations in southeastern Alaska. U.S. Geological Survey.
Buddington, A.F. 1927. Abandoned marine beaches in southeastern Alaska. Amer. J. Sci. 13:45-52.
Buddington, A.F., and T. Chapin. 1929. Geology and mineral deposits of southeastern Alaska. U.S. Geological Survey.
Buechner, H.K. Implications of social behavior in the management of Uganda Kob. In: The behavior of ungulates. Vol. pp. 853-870.
Buechner, H.K., F.C. Craighead Jr., J.J. Craighead, and C.E. Cote. 1971. Satellites for research on free-roaming animals. BioScience. 21:1201-1205.
Buehler, D.A., T.J. Mersmann, J.D. Fraser, and J.K.D. Seegar. 1991. Effects of human activity on bald eagle distribution on the northern Chesapeake Bay. Journal of Wildlife Management. 55:282-290.
Buehler, D.A., J.D. Fraser, J.K.D. Seegar, G.D. Therres, and M.A. Byrd. 1991. Survival rates and population dynamics of bald eagle on Chespeake Bay. Journal of Wildlife Management. 55:608-613.
Buitron, D. 1983. Variability in the responses of Black-billed Magpies to natural predators. Behav. 87:209-236.
Bullough, W.S., and E.B. Laurence. 1958. The mitotic activity of the follicle. In: W. Montagna and R.A. Ellis (eds.), The biology of hair growth. Vol. Academic Press Inc, New York, pp. 171-187.
Bulmer, M.G. 1975. The statistical analysis of density dependence. Biometrics. 31:901-911.
Bunnell, F.L. 1989. The Rapporteur's Report. In: M. Bromley (ed.), Bear-people conflicts: Proceedings of a symposium on management strategies. Vol. The Northwest Territories Department of Renewable Resources, Yellowknife, Northwest Territories, Canada, pp. 229-233.
Bunnell, F.L., K.L. Parker, R.S. McNay, and F.W. Hovey. 1990. Sinking depths of black-tailed deer in snow, and their indices. Can. J. Zool. 5:
Buono, F. 1996. American indian private religious preserves on public lands: the legal issues. The journal of the George Wright society. 13:14-28.
Burchard, E.F. 1920. Marble resources of southeastern Alaska, with a section on the geography and geology by T. Chapin. U.S. Geological Survey.
Burg, T.M. 1996. Genetic analysis of eastern pacific harbour seals (Phoca vitulina richardsi) from British Columbia and parts of Alaska using mitochondrial DNA and microsatellites. University of British Columbia, 77 pp.
Burger, J. 1981. The effect of human activity on birds at a coastal bay. Bio. Cons. 21:231-241.
Burger, J. 1984. Grebes nesting in gull colonies: protective associations and early warning. Am. Nat. 123:327-337.
Burger, J. 1988. Seabirds and other marine vertebrates: competition, predation and other interactions. Columbia Press, New York. pp.
Burger, J. 1988. Interactions of marine birds with other marine vertebrates in marine environments. In: J. Burger (ed.), Seabird Rept. Vol. Columbia University Press, New York, pp. 3-28.
Burger, J., and M. Gochfeld. 1988. Defensive aggression in terns: effect of species, density and isolation. Aggressive Behav. 14:169-178.
Burger, J., and M. Gochfeld. 1988. Nest-site selection by Roseate Terns in two tropical colonies on Culebra, Puerto Rico. The Condor. 90:843-851.
Burger, A.E., and J.F. Piatt. 1990. Flexible time budgets in breeding Common Murres: buffers against variable prey abundance. Studies in Avian Biology. 14:73-83.
Burger, A.E., and D.M. Fry. 1990. Effects of oil pollution on seabirds in the northeast Pacific. Royal British Columbia Museum, Victoria, B.C.
Burger, J., and M. Gochfeld. 1994. Vigilance in African mammals: differences among mothers, other females, and males. Behav. 131:153-169.
Burger, J., M. Gochfeld, and L.J. Niles. 1995. Ecotourism and birds in coastal New Jersey: contrasting responses of birds, tourists and managers. Environ. Conserv. 22:56-65.
Burger, J. 1998. Effects of motorboats and personal watercraft on flight behavior over a colony of common terns. The Condor. 100:528-534.
Burnell, S.R., and M.M. Brydon. 1997. Coastal residence periods and reproductive timing in southern right whales, Eubalaena australis. J. Zool., Lond. 241:613-621.
Burns, J.J., and V.N. Gol'tsev. 1984. Comparative biology of harbor seals, Phoca vitulina linnaeus, 1758, of the Commander, Aleutian, and Pribilof Islands. Soviet-American cooperative research on marine mammals. 1:17-24.
Burns, T.R., and P.R. Carlson. 1987. Geology and petroleum potential of the southeast Alaska continental margin. In: G. Scholl, & Vedder (ed.), Geology and resource potential of the continental margin of w. North America and adjacent ocean basins. Vol. 6. Circum-Pacific Council for Energy and Mineral Resources, Houston, TX, pp. 269 - 282.
Burns, J.J., J.J. Montague, and C.J. Cowles (eds). 1993. The bowhead whale. Special Publication Number 2 The Society for Marine Mammalogy,
Burrell, D.C. Interaction between silled fjords and coastal regions. Institute of marine science, University of Alaska. Fairbanks, Alaska.
Burrell, D.C., C.H. Hoskin, and D.H. Rosenberg. 1967. Geochemical and marine geological investigations of Glacier Bay fjords: preliminary data. In: Clay inorganic and organic-inorganic associations in aquatic environments. University of Alaska Institute of Marine Science.
Burrell, D.C., and D.M. Hoskin. 1969. Cyclic sedimentation patterns within active glacial fjords. University of Alaska, Institute of Marine Science.
Burrell, D.C., and N.R. O'Brien. 1970. Some geochemical characteristics of recent glacial sediments. Geochemical Journal. 4:1-13.
Burrell, D.C. 1971. Suspended sediment distribution patterns within an active turbid-outwash fjord. 1.
Burrell, D.C., and C.M. Hoskin. 1972. Hydrography and sediment transport within an active "turbid-outwash" fjord. University of Alaska, Institute of Marine Science, Fairbanks.
Burrell, D.C. 1973. Distribution patterns for some particulate and dissolved trace metals within an active glacial fjord: Queen Inlet, Glacier Bay, Alaska In: Radioactive contamination of the marine environment. International Atomic Energy Agency.
Burris, O.E., and D.E. McKnight. 1973. Game transplants in Alaska. Alaska Department of Fish and Game.
Burroughs, J., and J. Muir. 1986. Alaska, The Harriman Expedition, 1890. Dover Publications, N.Y. 385 pp.
Burton, R.W., S.S. Anderson, and C.F. Summers. 1975. Perinatal activities in the grey seal (Halichoerus grypus). Journal of Zoology, London. 177:197-201.
Burtt, E.H., Jr. 1974. Cliff-facing interaction between parent and chick Kittiwakes Rissa tridactyla in Newfoundland. Ibis. 117:241-242.
Burtt, E.H., Jr. 1974. Success of two feeding methods of the Black-legged Kittiwake. Auk. 91:827-829.
Burtt, E.H., Jr., and W. Chow. 1983. 'Facing in' is not general to all gulls nesting on cliffs. Can. Field-Nat. 97:222-224.
Bushing, W.W. 1997. GIS-based gap analysis of an existing marine reserve network around Santa Catalina Island. Marine Geodesy. 20:205-234.
Butler, T.H. 1951. The 1949 and 1950 tagging experiments in the Graham Island crab fishery. Fisheries Research Board of Canada.
Butler, T.H. 1960. Maturity and breeding of the Pacific edible crab, Cancer magister Dana. Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada. 17(5):641-646.
Butler. 1961. Growth and age determination of the Pacific edible crab cancer magister Dana. Journal Fisheries Research Board of Canada. 18:873-891.
Butler, T.H. 1964. Growth, reproduction and distribution of pandalid shrimps in British Columbia. Journal fisheries research board of Canada. 21:1403-1452.
Butler, T.H. 1967. Synopsis of biological data on the prawn pandalus platyceros Brandt 1851. Food and agriculture organization of the United Nations.
Butler, T.H., and D.G. Hankin. 1992. Comment on mortality rates of Dungeness crabs (Cancer magister). Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 49:1518-1521.
Butterworth, D.S., J.A.A. DeOliveira, and K.L. Cochrane. 1993. Current initiatives in refining the mangement procudure for the South African anchovy resource. Alaska Sea Grant College Program. University of Alaska Fairbanks. 93-02.
Byers, J.A. 1992. Dirichlet Tessellation of Bark Beetle Spatial Attack Points. J. Amer. Stat. Assoc. 61:759-768.
Byersdorfer, S., and L.J. Watson. 1992. A summary of biological data collected during the 1991 Bristol Bay red king crab tagging survey. Ak. Dept. Fish Game, Div. Comm. Fish. Manage. Dev., Tech. Fish. Rpt. 92-14:
Byersdorfer, S. 1995. A summary of biological data collected during the 1995 Bristol Bay red king crab test fishery. Alaska Department of Fish and Game.
Byrd, G.V. 1978. Red-legged kittiwake colonies in the Aleutian Islands, Alaska, USA. The Condor. 80:
Byrd, G.V., and J.C. Williams. 1993. Red-legged Kittiwake (Rissa brevirostris). In: A. Poole and F. Gill (eds.), The Birds of North America, No. 60. Vol. Philadelphia: The Academy of Natural Sciences; Washington, D.C.: The American Ornithologists' Union, pp. 1-11.
Byrd, G.V., R.L. Merrick, J.F. Piatt, and B.L. Norcross. 1997. Seabird, marine mammal and oceanography coordinated investigations (SMMOCI) near Unimak Pass, Alaska. University of Alaska Fairbanks.
Byrd, G.V., E.P. Bailey, and W. Stahl. 1997. Restoration of island populations of Black Oystercatchers and Pigeon Guillemots by removing introduced foxes. Colonial Waterbirds. 20:253-260.
Byron, E.R. 1982. The adaptive significance of calanoid
copepod pigmentation: a comparative and
experimental analysis. Ecology. 63:1871-1886.
C&GS. 1962. Suface water temperature and salinity, Pacific coast North America and South America and Pacific Ocean islands. Coast and Geodetic Survey. Washington, D.C.
Cabbage, J.C., and J. Calambokidis. 1984. Bowhead length measured through stereophotogrammetry. U.S. National Marine Fisheries Service.
Caddell, S.E., and M. Service. 1988. Acoustic mapping of shellfish habitats. 332-338 + 3.
Caddy, J.F. 1973. Underwater observations on tracks of dredges and trawls and some effects of dredging on a scallop ground. Journal fisheries research board of Canada. 30:173-180.
Caddy, J.F. 1979. Some considerations underlying definitions of catchability and fishing effort in shellfish fisheries, and their relevance for stock assessment purposes. Fisheries and Marine Service. Halifax, N.S.
Caddy, J.F. 1993. The age structure of fishing fleets and its relevance for reconstructing past fishery trends and forecasting. Alaska Sea Grant College Program. Anchorage, Alaska. 93-02.
Caddy, J.F. 1995. Comment - Fisheries Management Science: A plea for conceptual change. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 52:2057-2058.
Caddy, J.F., and J.C. Seijo. 1998. Application of a spatial model to explore rotating harvest strategies for sedentary species. In: G. Jamieson and A. Campbell (eds.), Proceedings of the North Pacific symposium on invertebrate stock assessment and management. Vol. 125. Canadian Special Publication of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, pp. 359-365.
Cadigan, N.G. 1998. Semi-parametric inferences about fish stock size using sequential population analysis (SPA) and quasi-likelihood theory. Department of fisheries and oceans.
Cadiou, B., J.Y. Monnat, and E. Danchin. 1994. Prospecting in the kittiwake, Rissa tridactyla: Different behavioural patterns and the role of squatting in recruitment. Anim. Behav. 47:847-856.
Cahalane, V.H. 1954. A boundary study of Glacier Bay National Monument, December 20. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Cahalane, V.H. 1954. Field notes of Victor H. Cahalane, Glacier Bay National Monument, September 27-October 6, 1954. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Cai, J. 1994. Sediments yields, lithofacies architecture and mudrock characteristics in glacimarine environments. Ph.D. Dissertation (Geology), Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL, pp.
Cai, J., and R.D. Powell. 1995. Glacier fluctuations and sediment yields interpreted from seismic-reflection profiles in Johns Hopkins Inlet, Glacier Bay, Alaska. U.S. National Park Service. Glacier Bay National Park & Preserve, AK. 1993.
Cai, J., R.D. Powell, E.C. Cowan, and P.R. Carlson. 1997. Litthofacies and seismic-reflection interpretation of temperate glacimarine sedimentation in Tarr Inlet Glacier Bay, Alaska. Marine Geology. 143:5-37.
Cailliet*, G.M., and C.A. Siemenstad. 1981. Gutshop '81: fish food habit studies: proceedings of the third Pacific workshop. Sea Grant Publication. University of Washington, Seattle.
Cain, S. 1982. Eagle population and nest survey of Glacier Bay trip report. U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service.
Cairns, D. 1979. Censusing hole nesting auks by visual counts. Bird-Band. 50:358-364.
Cairns, S.J., and S.J. Schwager. 1987. A comparison of association indices. Anim. Behav. 35:1454-1469.
Cairns, D.K. 1987. Seabirds as indicators of marine food supplies. 5:261-271.
Cairns, D.K. 1989. The regulation of seabird colony size: A hinterland model. Am. Nat. 134:141-146.
Cairns, D.K., W.A. Montevecchi, V.L. Birt-Friesen, and S.A. Macko. 1990. Energy expenditures, activity budgets and prey harvest of breeding Common Murres. 14:84-92.
Cairns, D.K. 1992. Bridging the gap between ornithology and fisheries science: Use of seabird data in stock assessment models. The Condor. 94:811-824.
Calambokidis, J., and G.T. Steiger. 1982. Behavior of harbor porpoise in Glacier Bay, Alaska, with emphasis on marked individuals. Cascadia Research Collective.
Calambokidis, J., G.T. Steiger, and L.E. Healey. 1983. Behavior of harbor seals and their reaction to vessels in Glacier Bay, Alaska (Abstract). Boston, MA.
Calambokidis, J., G.T. Steiger, and R.A. Butler. 1983. Biology and behavior of molting Canada geese in Glacier Bay, Alaska. Cascadia Research Collective.
Calambokidis, J., and G.T. Steiger. 1984. Bald eagle (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) consumption of harbor seal (Phoca vitulina) placenta in Glacier Bay, Alaska. Cascadia Research Collective.
Calambokidis, J., G.H. Steiger, and L.E. Healey. 1984. Harbor seal (Phoca vitulina) population, behavior, and reaction to vessels in Glacier Bay, Alaska. U.S. National Park Service. Glacier Bay National Park & Preserve, AK. 1983.
Calambokidis, J., L.E. Healey, and G.H. Steiger. 1985. Reaction of Harbor Seals (Phoca vitulina) to boats in Glacier Bay, Alaska. Cascadia Research Collective.
Calambokidis, J., and G.H. Steiger. 1985. Bald eagle (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) consumption of harbor seal (Phoca vitulina) placenta in Glacier Bay, Alaska. Short Communications.
Calambokidis, J., B.L. Taylor, S.D. Carter, G.H. Steiger, P.K. Dawson, and L.D. Antrim. 1987. Distribution and haul-out behavior of harbor seals in Glacier Bay, Alaska. Can. J. Zool. 65:1391-1396.
Calambokidis, J., K.M. Langelier, P.J. Stacey, and R.W. Baird. 1990. Environmental contaminants in killer whales from Washington, British Columbia and Alaska. Victoria, B.C. 1990.
Calambokidis, J., J.R. Evenson, G.H. Steiger, Y. Farhoum, and M. Knox. 1991. Human disturbances of harbor seals at haul-out sites in Puget Sound. Puget Sound Water Quality Authority. Seattle, Washington. 2.
Calambokidis, J. et al. 1996. Interchange and isolation of humpback whales off California and other North Pacific feeding grounds. Mar. Mamm. Sci. 12:215-226.
Calambokidis, J. et al. 1997. Abundance and population structure of humpback whales in the North Pacific basin. Southwest Fisheries Science Center. La Jolla, California 67 p.
Calder, W.A. Size and metabolism in natural systems. 65-75.
Calder, W.A. 1974. Utilization of time and microhabitat by the rufous hummingbird: a preliminary report to the committee for Research and Exploration, National Geographic Society. University of Arizona, Department of Biological Sciences, Tucson.
Calder, W.A. 1976. Energetics of small body size and high altitude, the Rufous Hummingbird in coastal Alaska. International Jr. Biometeorology. 20:23-35.
Calder, W.A. 1976. Energy crisis of the hummingbird. Natural History. 85:24-29.
Caldwell, F.E. 1986. Land of the ocean mists: the wild ocean coast west of Glacier Bay. Northwest Publishing Company, Edmonds, WA. 223 pp.
Calhoun, J.B., and J.U. Casby. 1958. Calculation of home range and a density of small mammals. U.S. Pub. Health Monog. 55:1-24.
Calkins, D.G. 1975. Territoriality and mating behavior in Prince William Sound sea otters. J. Mamm. 56:528-529.
Calkins, D.G. 1978. Feeding behavior and major prey species of the sea otter, Enhydra lutris, in Montague Strait, Prince William Sound, Alaska. 76:125-131.
Calkins, D.G., and K.W. Pitcher. 1982. Population assessment, ecology, and trophic relationships of Steller sea lions in the Gulf of Alaska. Outer Continental Shelf Environmental Assessment Program.
Calkins, D.G., and K. Pitcher. 1982. Pinniped investigations in southern Alaska: 1983-84. Alaska Department of Fish & Game.
Calkins, D.G. 1984. The Steller sea lion (Eumetopias jubatus) In: Marine Mammal Species Accounts ADF&G Game Tech. Bull. 7. Alaska Department of Fish & Game.
Calkins, D.G., and E. Goodwin. 1988. Investigation of the declining sea lion population in the Gulf of Alaska. Alaska Dept. of Fish and Game, 333 Raspberry Rd, Anchorage, AK 99518.
Calkins, D.G. 1996. Movements and habitat use of female Steller sea lions in Southeastern Alaska. Alaska Department of Fish and Game. Anchorage, AK.
Calkins, D.G., D.C. McAllister, G.W. Pendleton, and K.W. Pitcher. 1996. Steller sea lion status and trend in Southeast Alaska. Alaska Dept. of Fish and Game. Anchorage, Ak.
Calkins, D.G., E.F. Becker, and K.W. Pitcher. 1998. Reduced body size of female Steller sea lions from a declining population in the Gulf of Alaska. Marine Mammal Science. 14:232-244.
Callaghan, T.V., C. Korner, O.W.B. Heal, S.E. Lee, and J.H.C. Cornelissen. 1998. Global change in Europe's cold regions. European Commission, Environment and climate programme. Luxembourg.
Calvin, J. 1964. Two seal hunters.
Calvin, N.I. 1977. A qualitative description of the intertidal plants and animals of Berners Bay, southeastern Alaska. Syesis. 10:11-24.
Calvo, B., and R.W. Furness. 1992. A review of the use and the effects of marks and devices on birds. Ringing & Migration. 13:129-151.
Cam, E., J.E. Hines, J.Y. Monnat, J.D. Nichols, and E. Danchin. 1998. Are adult nonbreeders prudent parents? The Kittiwake model. Ecology. 79:2917-2930.
Campbell, A., and M.D. Eagles. 1983. Size at maturity and fecundity of rock crabs, Cancer irroratus, from the Bay of Fundy and Southwestern Nova Scotia. Fish. Bull. 81(2):357-362.
Campbell, A. 1989. Aggregations of berried lobsters (Homarus americanus) in shallow waters off Grand Manan, Eastern Canada. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 47:520-523.
Campbell, A. 1989. The lobster fishery of southwestern Nova Scotia and the Bay of Fundy. In: J.F. Caddy (ed.), Marine invertebrate fisheries: their assessment and management. Vol. John Wiley and Sons, Rome, Italy, pp. 141-158.
Campbell, C.E. 1991. Prey selectivities of threespine sticklebacks (Gasterosreus aculeatus) and phantom midge larvae (Chaoborus spp.) in Newfoundland lakes. Freshw. Biol. 25:155-167.
Campbell, A. 1997. Possible criteria for reopening the Northern abalone (Haliotis kamtschatkana) fishery in British Columbia. Department of fisheries and oceans.
Campbell, A., R.M. Harbo, and C.M. Hand. 1998. Harvesting and distribution of Pacific geoduck clams, Panopea abrupta, in British Columbia. In: G. Jamieson and A. Campbell (eds.), Proceedings of the North Pacific symposium on invertebrate stock assessment and management. Vol. 125. Canadian Special Publication of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, pp. 349-358.
Camphuysen, C.J., and M.F. Leopold. 1993. The harbour porpoise Phocoena phocoena in the southern North Sea, particularly the Dutch sector. Lutra. 36:1-24.
Canada, P. 1996. Managing visitors in wilderness environments, Parks Canada's western workshop. Surrey, British Columbia.
Canada, F.a.O. 1998. Gulf of St. Lawrence marine fisheries overview. Fisheries and Oceans Canada.
Canadian Department of Fisheries and Oceans. 1991. Guidelines to Small Craft Owners and Tour Boat Captains to Prevent Any Disturbance and Harasment of Whales. Canadian Department of Fisheries and Oceans, Quebec Region.
Cannon, P.J. 1977. Stability and environmental geology of the beach and coastal forelands of Glacier Bay National Monument from Icy Point to Cape Fairweather. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Cappo, M., and I.W. Brown. 1996. Evaluation of sampling methods for reef fish populations of commercial and recreational interest. CRC Reef Research Centre. Queensland.
Caputi, N., and R.S. Brown. 1986. Relationship between indices of juvenile abundance and recruitment in the western rock lobster (Panulirus cygnus) fishery. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 43:2131-2139.
Caputi, N., J.W. Penn, L.M. Joll, and C.F. Chubb. 1998. Stock-recruitment-environment relationships for invertebrate species of Western Australia. In: G. Jamieson and A. Campbell (eds.), Proceedings of the North Pacific symposium on invertebrate stock assessment and management. Vol. 125. Canadian Special Publication of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, pp. 247-255.
Carey, J.R. 1992. Applied demography for biologists. Oxford Universty Press, New York. 192 pp.
Carlisle, D.B. 1957. On the hormonal inhibition of moulting in decapod crustacea. J. Mar. Res. 36:291-307.
Carls, M.G. 1986. Species composition of euphausiids and growth of (Thysanoessa raschii) in Auke Bay.
Carls, M.G., and C.E. O'Clair. 1990. Influence of cold air exposures on ovigerous red king crabs (Paralithodes camtschatica) and Tanner crabs (Chionoecetes bairdi) and their offspring. Anchorage, Alaska.
Carlson, H.R., and R.E. Haight. 1972. Evidence for a home site and homing of adult yellowtail rockfish, sebastes flavidus. Journal fisheries research board of Canada. 29:1011-1014.
Carlson, P.R., B.F. Molnia, S.C. Kittelson, and J.C.J. Hampson. 1977. Distribution of bottom sediments on the continental shelf, northern Gulf of Alaska. U.S. Geological Survey.
Carlson, H.R., and L. Barr. 1977. Seasonal changes in spatial distribution and activity of two secies of Pacific rockfishes, sebastes flavidus and S. ciliatus, in Lynn Canal, Southeastern Alaska. Marine Fisheries Review. 39:23-24.
Carlson, P.R., G. Plafker, T.R. Bruns, and W.P. Levy. 1979. Seaward extension of the Fairweather fault. U.S. Geological Survey.
Carlson, P.R., M.C. Wheeler, B.F. Molnia, and T.J. Atwood. 1979. Neoglacial sedimentation in Glacier Bay, Alaska. U.S. Geological Survey.
Carlson, P.R., M.C. Wheeler, B.F. Molnia, A. Post, and R.D. Powell. 1979. Neoglacial sedimentation in west arm of Glacier Bay, Alaska. 11(3).
Carlson, H.R. 1980. Seasonal distribution and environment of Pacific herring near Auke Bay, Lynn Canal, southeast Alaska. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society. 109:71-78.
Carlson, P.R., B.F. Molnia, and W.P. Levy. 1980. Continuous acoustic profiles and sedimentologic data from R/V Sea Sounder cruise (S-1-76), Eastern Gulf of Alaska. U.S. Geological Survey.
Carlson, H.R., and R.R. Straty. 1981. Habitat and nursery grounds of Pacific rockfish, sebastes spp., in rocky coastal areas of Southeastern Alaska. Marine Fisheries Review. 4:13-19.
Carlson, P.R., T.R. Bruns, B.F. Molnia, and W.C. Schwab. 1982. Submarine valleys in the northeastern Gulf of Alaska: characteristics and probable origin. Marine Geology. 47:217-242.
Carlson, P.R., M.C. Wheeler, B.F. Molnia, A. Post, and R.D. Powell. 1983. Maps showing sediment thickness and bathymetry, Tarr Inlet, Glacier Bay, Alaska. U.S. Geological Survey.
Carlson, P.R., R.D. Powell, and D.M. Rearic. 1989. Turbidity-current channels in Queen Inlet, Glacier Bay, Alaska. Canadian Journal of Earth Science. 26:807-820.
Carlson, P.R., R.D. Powell, D.M. Rearic, and P. Quinterno. 1990. Channel-forming processes active in Queen Inlet, Glacier Bay, Alaska. U.S. National Park Service. Glacier Bay National Park & Preserve, AK. 1988.
Carlson, P.R., R.D. Powell, and A.C. Phillips. 1991. Fjord delta-front processes in Queen Inlet, Glacier Bay, Alaska. Portland, Oregon.
Carlson, P.R., R.D. Powell, and A.C. Phillips. 1992. Submarine sedimentary processes on a fjord delta front, Queen Inlet, Glacier Bay, Alaska. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences. 29:565-573.
Carlson, A., and G. Aulén. 1992. Territorial dynamics in an isolated white-backed woodpecker (Dendrocopos leucotos) population. Cons. Biology. 6:450-454.
Carlson, H.R., R.E. Haight, and J.H. Helle. 1995. Initial behavior of displaced yellowtail rockfish sebastes flavidus in Lynn Canal, Southeast Alaska. AK. Fish. Res. Bull. 2:76-80.
Carlson, P.R., T.R. Bruns, K.R. Evans, J.T. Gann, D.J. Hogg, S.J. Taggart, and P.N. Hooge. 1998. Cruise report of M/V Quillback in Glacier Bay, Alaska: Physical characteristics of Dungeness crab and halibut habitats. U.S. Geological survey, Biological Resources Division
U.S. Geological survey, Geologic Division. Gustavus, AK.
Carlson, P.R., E.A. Cowan, R.D. Powell, and J. Cai. 1999. Growth of a post-Little Ice Age submarine fan, Glacier Bay, Alaska. Geo-Marine Letters. 19:227-236.
Carlton, J.T. 1989. Man's role in changing the face of the ocean: biological invasions and implications for conservation of near-shore environments. Cons. Biology. 3:265-273.
Carlton, J.T., J.K. Thompson, L.E. Schemel, and F.H. Nichols. 1990. Remarkable invasion of San Francisco Bay (California, USA) by the Asian clam Potamocorbula amurensis.I. Introduction and dispersal. Marine Ecol. Prog. Rep. 66:81-94.
Carney, D. 1994. Marine Invertebrate field data & project description. Moss Landing Marine Laboratories, California State University, Fresno.
Caro, T.M., and S.M. Durant. 1995. The importance of behavioral ecology for conservation biology: examples from Serengeti carnivores. In: A.R.E. Sinclair and P. Arcese (eds.), Serengeti II: Dynamics, management, and conservation of an ecosystem. Vol. University of Chicago Press, Chicago, pp. 451-472.
Carpe, A. 1926. An attempt on Mt. Fairweather. Appalachia. 16:442-445.
Carpe, A. 1931. The conquest of Mount Fairweather. Alpine J. 43:221-231.
Carpe, A. 1931. Mt. Fairweather conquered. AMAJ. 1:426-427.
Carpenter, G.P. 1990. An illustrated guide for identifying developmental stages of bald eagle nestlings in the field. San Francisco Zoological Society. San Francisco, CA.
Carr, M.H., D.C. Reed, and A.W. Ebeling. Some considerations regarding harvest refugia as management tools for temperate reef fish.
Carr, M.H., and D.C. Reed. 1993. Conceptual issues relevant to marine harvest refuges: examples from temperate reef fishes. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 50:2019-2028.
Carr, S.M., and E.A. Perry. 1997. Intra- and interfamilial systematic relationships of phocid seals as indicated by mitochondrial DNA sequences. In: A.E. Dizon, S.J. Chivers and W.F. Perrin (eds.), Molecular Genetics of Marine Mammals. Vol. 3. Society for Marine Mammalogy, pp. 277-290.
Carr, M.H., and D. Reed. 1998. Issues relevant to the design of marine reserves. In: O. Magoon, H. Converse, B. Baird and M. Miller-Henson (eds.), California and the world ocean '97. Vol. Asce, Reston, VA (USA), pp. 261.
Carrasco, K.R., D.A. Armstrong, D.R. Gunderson, and C. Rogers. 1985. Abundance and growth of (Cancer magister) young-of-the-year in the nearshore environment. Alaska Sea Grant College Program. Fairbanks, Alaska.
Carrier, J.C., and C.A. Luer. 1990. Growth rates in the nurse shark, Ginglymostoma cirratum. Copeia. 3:686-692.
Carroll, M.S., and D.R. Johnson. 1985. Analysis of the relationships between party type and group size and preferences for tolerance of encounters among river users on the Tatshenshini-Alsek. U.S. National Park Service, Cooperative Park Studies Unit, University of Washington, Seattle.
Carroll, M.S., and D.R. Johnson. 1985. Tatshenshini-Alsek River recreation study, 1984: statistical abstract. University of Washington, College of Forest Resources, National Park Service Cooperative Studies Unit, Seattle.
Carroll, M.S., and D.R. Johnson. 1985. Analysis of the relationships between party type and group size and preferences for party size limits among Tatshenshini-Alsek survey respondents. University of Washington, College of Forest Resources, U.S. National Park Service Cooperative Studies Unit, Seattle.
Carroll, M.S., and D.R. Johnson. 1985. Analysis of Tatshenshini-Alsek data concerning differences in responses to management items. University of Washington, College of Forest Resources, U.S. National Park Service Cooperative Studies Unit, Seattle.
Carroll, M.S., and D.R. Johnson. 1985. Tatshenshini-Alsek River recreation survey: summary of results. University of Washington, College of Forest Resources, U.S. National Park Service Cooperative Studies Unit, Seattle.
Carson, R. 1982. Showdown at Robson Bight. Pacific Northwest. 16:25-32.
Carter, S.D. 1985. Census and behavior of surf and white-winged scoters in the Hugh Miller Inlet area of Glacier Bay, Alaska. Cascadia Research Collective.
Carvacho, A. 1988. Notes on some abnormalities in the chelae of commercial crabs (genus Cancer) from Baja California, Mexico. California Fish and Game. 74:172-174.
Casey, K.E. 1995. The Effects of Individual Vessel Quotas in the British Columbia Halibut Fishery. Marine Resource Economics. 10:211-231.
Cass, A.J., L.J. Richards, and J.T. Schnute. 1988. A summary of fishery and biological data for lingcod off the southwest coast of Vancouver Island [Canada]. Canadian Technical Report of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences. I-V, 1-33.
Cass, A.J., R.J. beamish, and G.A. McFarlane. 1990. Lingcod. Department of fisheries and oceans. Ottowa.
Castellini, M.A., and D.G. Calkins. 1993. Mass estimates using body morphology in Steller sea lions. Mar. Mamm. Sci. 9:48-54.
Castellini, M.A. 1993. Blood chemistries and body condition of Steller sea lion pups at Marmot Island, Alaska. Marine Mammal Science. 9:202-208.
Castellini, M. 1993. Report of the marine mammal working group In: Is it food? Addressing marine mammal and seabird declines. University of Alaska, Fairbanks.
Castellini, M. et al. 1996. Harbor seal investigations in Alaska. Alaska Department of Fish and Game. Douglas, AK.
Castilla, J.C. et al. 1998. Artisanal Caletas as units of production and co-managers of benthic invertebrates in Chile. In: G. Jamieson and A. Campbell (eds.), Proceedings of the North Pacific symposium on invertebrate stock assessment and management. Vol. 125. Canadian Special Publication of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, pp. 407-413.
Castillo, G.C. 1995. Latitudinal patterns in reproductive life history traits of northeast Pacific flatfish. In: Proceedings of the international symposium on north Pacific flatfish. Vol. Alaska Sea Grant College Program, Fairbanks, Alaska, pp. 51-72.
Castro, J.I. 1983. The Sharks of North American Waters. Texas A&M University, College Station. 180 pp.
Castro, G., N. Stoyan, and J.P. Myers. 1989. Assimilation efficiency in birds: a function of taxon or food type? Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 92A:271-278.
Castro, K.M., and J.T. DeAlteris. 1990. Effects of trap saturation and species interaction on the capture of Callinectes Spp. crabs in the Guayas estuary. Fisheries Res. 8:223-232.
Catton, T.R. 1993. Glacier Bay National Monument, the Tlingit, and the artifice of wilderness. The Northern Review. 11:56-82.
Catton, T. 1995. Land reborn: a history of administration and visitor use in Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve. Univ. of Wa., Seattle, Wa. 517 pp.
Caughley, G. 1966. Mortality patterns in mammals. Ecology. 47(6):906-918.
Caughley, G. 1974. Bias in aerial survey. Journal of Wildlife Management. 38:921-933.
Caughley, G., R. Sinclair, and D. Scott-Kemmis. 1976. Experiments in aerial survey. Journal of Wildlife Management. 40:290-300.
Caughley, G., D. Grice, R. Barker, and B. Brown. 1988. The edge of the range. J. Amer. Stat. Assoc. 57:771-786.
Caughley, G. 1994. Directions in conservation biology. J. Amer. Stat. Assoc. 63:215-244.
Cayre, P., and F. Marsac. 1993. Modelling the yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares) vertical distribution using sonic tagging results and local environmental parameters. Aquatic living resources. 6:1-14.
Cebula, J.J. 1963. Glacier Bay National Monument stream survey. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Cederholm, C.J., and e. al. 1989. Fate of coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) carcasses in spawning streams. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 46:1347-1355.
Cederholm, C.J., M.D. Kunze, T. Murota, and A. Sibatani. 1999. Pacific salmon carcasses: essential contributions of nutrients and energy for aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. Fisheries. 24:6-15.
Cella, W.B. 1981. Annual bear management and incident report, Yosemite National Park. U.S. National Park Service, Yosemite National Park.
Center, N.a.A.F. 1987. Workshop to assess possible systems for tracking large cetaceans: background documents. Seattle, WA.
Center, A.E.I.D. 1993. Alaska, a history in five parts. Univ. of AK. Anchorage, AK.
Center for Marine Conservation. 1988. Proceedings of the workshop of the Center for Marine Conservation to review and evaluate whale watching programs and management needs. Monterey, California.
Cerchio. 1998. Estimates of humpback whale abundance off Kauai, 1989 to 1993: evaluating biases associated with sampling the Hawaiian Islands breeding assemblage. Marine Ecol. Prog. Rep. 175:23-34.
Cerchio, S., C.M. Gabriele, T.F. Norris, and L.M. Herman. 1998. Movements of humpback whales between Kauai and Hawaii: implications for population structure and abundance estimation in the Hawaiian Islands. Marine Ecol. Prog. Rep. 175:13-22.
Cerda, G., and M. Wolff. 1993. Feeding ecology of the crab Cancer polyodon in La Herradura Bay, northern Chile. II. Food spectrum and prey consuption. Marine Ecol. Prog. Rep. 100:119-125.
CFM&D. 1994. Tanner crabs. In: Wildl. Monogr. Vol. pp. 2.
CFRCC. 1993. 1994 conservation requirements for Atlantic groundfish report to the Minister of Fisheries and Oceans. Canadian Fisheries Resource Conservation Council. Ottawa, Canada.
Chamberlain Jr., J.A. 1988. Jet propulsion of Nautilus: a surviving example of early Paleozoic cephalopod locomotor design. Can. J. Zool. 68:4-90.
Chao, A., S.M. Lee, and S.L. Jeng. 1992. Estimating population size for capture-recapture data when capture probabilities vary by time and individual animal. Biometrics. 48:201-216.
Chapdelaine, G. 1980. Eleventh census and analysis of the fluctuations of populations of seabirds nesting in the migratory bird sanctuaries of the North Shore of the Gulf of St. Lawrence. Can. Field-Nat. 94:34-42.
Chapdelaine, G., and A. Bourget. 1981. Distribution, abundance and fluctuations in populations of marine birds of the Mingan Archipelago, Gulf of St. Lawrence, Quebec, Canada. Nat Can (Que). 108:219-228.
Chapdelaine, G., and P. Brousseau. 1989. Size and trends of Black-legged Kittiwake (Rissa tridactyla) populations in the Gulf of St. Lawrence (Quebec) 1974-1985. Am. Birds. 43:21-24.
Chapdelaine, G., and P. Brousseau. 1991. Thirteenth census of seabird populations in the sanctuaries of the North Shore of the Gulf of St. Lawrence, 1982-1988. Can. Field-Nat. 105:60-66.
Chapdelaine, G., and J.F. Rail. 1997. Relationship between cod fishery activities and the population of Herring Gulls on the North Shore of the Gulf of St. Lawrence, Quebec, Canada. 53:In press.
Chapin, T., C. Fastie, and L. Walker. 1989. Experimental studies of plant succession at Glacier Bay.
Chapin, T., C. Fastie, H. Lentfer, A. Maier, and L. Walker. 1989. Overview of Glacier Bay succession.
Chapin, F.S., C.L. Fastie, L.R. Walker, and L.C. Sharmon. 1993. Mechanisms of primary succession in Glacier Bay: implications for present and future vegetation patterns. NPS, Anchorage, AK. Gustavus, AK.
Chapin, F.S.I., L.R. Walker, C.L. Fastie, and L.C. Sharman. 1994. Mechanisms of primary succession following deglaciation at Glacier Bay, Alaska. Ecol. Monogr. 64:149-175.
Chapin III, F.S., and L.R. Walker. 1990. The importance of Glacier Bay to tests of current theories of plant succession. U.S. National Park Service. Glacier Bay National Park & Preserve, AK. 1988.
Chapin III, F.S., L.R. Walker, C.L. Fastie, and L.C. Sharman. 1994. Mechanisms of primary succession following deglaciation at Glacier Bay, Alaska. Ecol. Monogr. 64:149-175.
Chapin III, F.S., C.L. Fastie, L.R. Walker, and L.C. Sharman. 1995. Mechanisms of primary succession at Glacier Bay: implications for present and future vegetaton patterns. U.S. National Park Service. Glacier Bay National Park & Preserve, AK. 1993.
Chapman, J. 1983. Bay Patrol, February 10-12. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Chapman, D.M.F., and D.D. Ellis. 1998. The elusive decibel: thoughts on sonars and marine mammals. Canadian Acoustics. 26:29-31.
Chapman, M.R., and D.L. Kramer. 1999. Gradients in coral reef fish density and size across the Barbados Marine Reserve boundary: Effects of reserve protection and habitat characteristics. Marine Ecol. Prog. Rep. 181:81-96.
Chardine, J.W. 1987. The influence of pair-status on the breeding behaviour of the Kittiwake (Rissa tridactyla) before egg-laying. Ibis. 129:515-526.
Charlet, D.A. 1991. Visitation of high mountain bogs by Golden Eagels in the Northern Great Basin. Journal of Field Ornithology. 62:46-52.
Charmantier, G., and M. Charmantier-Daures. 1995. Osmoregulation and salinity tolerance in zoeae and juveniles of the snow crab Chionoecetes opilio. Aquatic Living Resources. 8:171-179.
Charmantier, G. 1998. Ontogeny of osmoregulation in crustaceans: a review. Invertebrate Reproduction and Development. 33:177-190.
Charnov, E.L., D.W. Gotshall, and J.G. Robinson. 1978. Sex ratio: adaptive response to population fluctuations in pandalid shrimp. Scientific Reports Whales Research Institute, Tokyo. 200:204-206.
Charnov, E.L. 1979. Natural selection and sex change in pandalid shrimp: test of a life-history theory. The American Naturalist. 113:715-735.
Charnov*, E.L., and W.M. Schaffer. 1973. The population consequences of natural selection: Cole's result revisted. Am. Nat. 107:791-793.
Chase, D.P., G.P. Streveler, G.D. McKenzie, and R.G. Goodwin. 1980. Winter research opportunities in Glacier Bay, Alaska. San Francisco, CA.
Chase, A. 1983. The last bears of Yellowstone.
Chase, A. 1986. The grizzly and the juggernaut: how enlightened environmental theory has destroyed the great bears of Yellowstone.
Chastel, C., A.J. Main, C. Guiguen, G. Le Lay, M.C. Quillien, J.-Y. Monnat, and J.C. Beaucournu. 1985. The isolation of Meaban virus, a new Flavivirus from the sea-bird tick, Ornithodoros maritimus, in France. Archives of Virology. 83:129-140.
Chastel, C., C. Guiguen, G. Le Lay, J.Y. Monnat, E. Hardy, G. Kerdraon, and J.C. Beaucournu. 1985. Arbovirus serosurvey among seabirds and landbirds in Brittany. Bulletin de la Societe de Pathologie Exotique. 78:594-605.
Chastel, C., J.Y. Monnat, G. Le Lay, and G. Balouet. 1987. Infestation and hyperinfestation of Kittiwake, Rissa tridactyla L., by ticks [Ixodes (Ceratixodes) uriae, Ornithodoros (Alectorobius) maritimus] infected by arboviruses: Pathological effects. Annales de Parasitologie Humaine et Comparee. 62:492-504.
Chastel, C., G. Le Lay, F. Le Goff, and J.-Y. Monnat. 1990. Isolation of Soldado virus from a seabird (Rissa tridactyla L.) in France. Acta Virologica. 34:109.
Chernoff, B. 1982. Character variation among populations and the analysis of biogeography. Amer. Zool. 22:425-439.
Chesson, J. 1978. Measuring preference in selective predation. Ecology. 59:211-215.
Chesson, J. 1983. The estimation and analysis of preference and its relationship to foraging models. Ecology. 64:1297-1304.
Chickering, J.W. 1888. The Muir Glacier, Alaska. Acta Ornithol. 26:10789-90.
Chilton, G., and S.G. Sealy. 1987. Species roles in mixed-species feeding flocks of seabirds. Journal of Field Ornithology. 58:456-463.
Chilton, E.A., P.N. Hooge, and S.J. Taggart. 1995. Prey preference of Pacific halibut (Hippoglossus stenolepis) in Glacier Bay National Park. U.S. National Park Service. Glacier Bay National Park & Preserve, AK. 1993.
Chisholm, S.W. 1993. Marine reserves; Stellwagen bank New England's first sanctuary. Oceanus. 36, Number 3:63-72.
Chittleborough, R.G. 1954. Studies on the ovaries of the humpback whale, megaptera nodosa (bonnaterre), on the Western Australian coast. Aust. J. Mar. Freshwat. Res. 5:34-61.
Chittleborough, R.G. 1955. Puberty, physical maturity, and relative growth of the female humbpack whale Megaptera nodosa (Bonnaterre), on the Western Australian coast. Aust. J. Mar. Freshw. Res. 6:315-327.
Chittleborough, R.G. 1958. The breeding cycle of the female humpback whale, Megaptera nodosa (Bonnaterre). Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research. 9:1-18.
Chittleborough, R.G. 1965. Dynamics of two populations of the humpback whale, Megaptera novaeangliae (Borowski). Aust. J. Mar. Freshw. Res. 16:33-128.
Chittleborough, R.G. 1974. Home range, homing and dominance in juvenile western rock lobsters. Aust. J. Mar. Freshwat. Res. 25:227-234.
Chittleborough, R.G. 1991. Potential impacts of climatic change on the southern ocean ecosystem. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum. 30:243-247.
Chiu-Lan, C., J.M. Hoenig, E.G. Dawe, C. Brownie, and K.H. Pollock. 1998. New developments in change-in-ratio and index-removal methods, with application to snow crab (Chionoecetes opilio). In: G. Jamieson and A. Campbell (eds.), Proceedings of the North Pacific symposium on invertebrate stock assessment and management. Vol. 125. Canadian Special Publication of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, pp. 49-61.
Chivers, C.J. 1997. The hunt is on and the seal wars are back. Wildlife conservation. 100 (2):36-43.
Chivers, S.J., and B.L. Taylor. 1997. Probabilities of population dispersal rates inferred from genetic distance data. In: A.E. Dizon, S.J. Chivers and W.F. Perrin (eds.), Molecular Genetics of Marine Mammals. Vol. 3. Society for Marine Mammalogy, pp. 365-380.
Choe, J.C., and K.C. Kim. 1987. Ectoparasites of the Pelagic Cormorant, Phalacrocorax pelagicus, from the Pribilof Islands, Alaska. J. Mar. Biol. Ass. UK. 24:592-594.
Choe, J.C., and K.C. Kim. 1987. Community structure of arthropod ectoparasites on Alaskan seabirds. Can. J. Zool. 65:2998-3005.
Chu, K., and P. Harcourt. 1986. Behavioral correlations with aberrant patterns in humpback whale songs. Behav. Ecol. & Sociobiol. 19:309-312.
Chu, K.C. 1988. Dive times and ventilation patterns of singing humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae). Canadian Journal of Zoology. 66:1322-1327.
Chumbley, K.e. 1992. 1991-92 Steller sea lions. U.S. National Marine Fisheries Service, National Marine Mammal Laboratory.
Ciannelli, L., and R. Brodeur. Bioenergetics estimation of juvenile pollock food consumption in the Gulf of Alaska. National Marine Fisheries Service, Alaska Fisheries Science Center. Seattle, WA.
Cimberg, R.L. 1982. Comparative benthic ecology of two southeast Alaskan fjords, Boca De Quadra and Wilson Arm/Smeaton Bay. In: D.V. Ellis (ed.), Marine Tailings Disposal. Vol. Ann Arbor Science, Ann Arbor, pp.
Cipriano, F., and S.R. Palumbi. 1999. Genetic tracking of a protected whale. Nature. 397:307-308.
Clague, J.J., and V.N. Rampton. 1981. Neoglacial Lake Alsek. Canadian Journal of Earth Science. 19:94-117.
Clapham, P.J., and C.A. Mayo. 1987. The attainment of sexual maturity in two female humpback whales. Marine Mammal Science. 3:279-283.
Clapham, P.J., and C.A. Mayo. 1987. Reproduction and recruitment of individually identified humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) observed in Massachusetts Bay, 1979-1985. Can. J. Zool. 65:2853-2863.
Clapham, P.J., and C.A. Mayo. 1990. Reproduction of humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) observed in the Gulf of Maine. In: P.S. Hammond, S.A. Mizroch and G.P. Donovan (eds.), Individual Recognition of Cetaceans: Use of Photo-identification and Other Techniques to Estimate Population Parameters. Rep. Intl. Whal. Commn. Special Issue 12. Vol. International Whaling Commission, Cambridge, pp. 171-176.
Clapham, P.J. 1992. Age at attainment of sexual maturity of humpback whales, Megaptera novaeangliae. Can. J. Zool. 70:1470-1472.
Clapham, P.J., P.J. Palsboll, D.K. Mattila, and O. Vasquez. 1992. Composition and dynamics of humpback whale competitive grouops in the West Indies. Behav. 122:182-194.
Clapham, P.J. 1993. Seasonal occurrence and annual return of humpback whales, Megaptera novaeangliae,in the southern Gulf of Maine. Can. J. Zool. 71:440-443.
Clapham, P.J. 1993. Social organization of humpback whales on a North Atlantic feeding ground. Symposium of the Zoological Society of London. 66:131-145.
Clapham, P.J. 1994. Maturational changes in patterns of associaton in male and female humpback whales, Megaptera novaeangliae. J. Zool., Lond. 234:265-274.
Clapham, P.J. 1994. Maturational changes in patterns of association in male and female humpback whales, Megaptera novaeangliae. J. Zool. 234:265-274.
Clapham, P.J., E. Leimkuhler, B.K. Gray, and D.K. Mattila. 1995. Do humpback whales exhibit lateralized behaviour? Anim. Behav. 50:73-82.
Clapham, P.J. 1996. The social and reproductive biology of humpback whales: an ecological perspective. Mammal Review. 26:27-49.
Clapham, P.J., and R.L. Brownell Jr. 1996. The potential for interspecific competition in baleen whales. Rep. Int. Whal. Comm. 46:361-367.
Clapham, P.J., and P.J. Palsboll. 1997. Molecular analysis of paternity shows promiscuous mating in female humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae, Borowski). Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B. 264:95-98.
Clapham, P.J., S. Leatherwood, I. Szczepaniak, and R.L. Brownell Jr. 1997. Catches of humpback and other whales from shore stations at Moss Landing and Trinidad, California, 1919-1926. Mar. Mamm. Sci. 13:368-394.
Clapham, P.J., S.B. Young, and R.L. Brownell Jr. 1999. Baleen whales: conservation issues and the status of the most endangered populations. MAMLAN. 29:35-60.
Clapham, P.J., and J.G. Mead. 1999. Megaptera novaeangliae. Mam. Rev. 604:1-9.
Clapham, P.J., S.E. Wetmore, T.D. Smith, and J.G. Mead. 1999. Length at birth and at independence in humpback whales. J. Cetacean Res. Manage. 1:141-146.
Clapham*, P.J. 1992. Reproduction of humpback whales observed in the Gulf of Maine. IU. press.
Clark, P.J., and F.C. Evans. 1954. Distance to nearest neighbor as a measure of spatial relationships in populations. Ecology. 35:445-453.
Clark, C.W. 1972. Profit maximization and the extinction of animal species. University of British Columbia.
Clark, J.S. 1977. An inverse problem in glacial geology: the reconstruction of glacier thinning in Glacier Bay Alaska between A.D. 1910 and 1960 from relative sea-level data. Journal of Glaciology. 18:481-503.
Clark, R.N., and R.C. Lucas. 1978. The forest ecosystem of southeast Alaska: !0. Outdoor recreation and scenic resources. U.S. Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Forest and Range Experiment Station, Portland.
Clark, C., P. Tyack, J. Bird, and V. Rowntree. 1983. Effects of underwater noise on migrating grey whales off the coast of California. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 74:
Clark, J.E., B.W. Van Alen, and R.P. Marshall. 1985. Estimated contribution of coded wire tagged releases of chinook salmon (Onccorhynchus tshawytscha) to the commercial fisheries of southeastern Alaska in 1982. Alaska Department of Fish and Game.
Clark, R.G. 1991. Sexing adult and yearling American Crows by external measurments and discriminant analysis. Journal of Field Ornithology. 62:132-138.
Clark, W.G. 1991. Groundfish exploitation rates based on life history parameters. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 48:734-750.
Clark, W.G. 1993. The effect of recruitment variability on the choice of a target level of spawning biomass per recruit. Alaska Sea Grant College Program. Anchorage, Alaska. 93-02.
Clark, C.W. 1994. Blue deep voices: insights from the Navy's whales '93' program.
Clark, C.W. 1996. Marine reserves and the precautionary management of fisheries. Ecol. Appl. 6:369-370.
Clark, W.G., S.R. Hare, A.M. Parma, P.J. Sullivan, and R.J. Trumble. 1997. Decadal changes in growth and recruitment of Pacific halibut (Hippoglossus stenolepis). Canadian journal of fisheries and aquatic science.
Clark, J.E., K.K. Imamura, and T.M. Koeneman. 1999. The 1997 and 1998 Southeast Alaska sea Tanner crab stock assessment surveys. Alaska Department of Fish and Game.
Clark, W.G., S.R. Hare, A.M. Parma, P.J. Sullivan, and R.J. Trumble. 1999. Decadal changes in growth and recruitment of Pacific halibut (hippoglossus stenolepis). Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Science. 56:242-252.
Clark, J., C. Botelho, D. Woodby, and G. Bishop. 1999. Project Operational Plan: Tanner Crab Population Estimation in Southeast Alaska. Alaska Department of Fish and Game.
Clark, J.R. 1999. The ecosystem approach from a practical point of view. Cons. Biology. 13:679-681.
Clark*, J.R. 1958. Summary of gear selection information for the comission area. International Comission for the Northwest Atlantic Fisheries. 8:83-98.
Clarke, M.R. 1962. The identification of cephalopod "beaks" and the relationahip between beak size and total body weight. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History). 8:419-480.
Clarke, M.R. (ed). 1986. A Handbook for the Identification of Cephalopod Beaks. Oxford University Press [Clarendon Press?], New York [Oxford, Oxfordshire?].
Clarke*, M.R. 1980. Cephalopoda in the diet of sperm whales of the southern hemisphere and their bearing in sperm whale biology. University Press, Cambridge. 324 pp.
Cleaver, F.C. 1949. Preliminary results of the coastal crab investigations. Department of Fisheries.
Clemens, W.A., and G.V. Wilby. 1961. Fishes of the Pacific coast of Canada. Bulletin of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada. Bulletin 68, 2nd ed.:
Clifton*, K.E. 1991. Subordinate group members act as food-finders within striped parrotfish territories. J. Exp. Zool. 145:141-148.
Climo, L., and T. Duncan. 1991. The status of black-legged kittiwakes at Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve, Alaska in 1991. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve,.
Climo, L., and T. Duncan. 1991. Brown bear use of beaches in the West Arm closure area, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve, in 1991. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Climo, L., and T. Duncan. 1991. The status of molting Canada geese in Adams Inlet, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve, Alaska in 1991. U.S. National Park Service.
Cloern, J.E. 1989. Annual variations in river flow and primary production in the south San Francisco Bay estuary (USA). Olsen & Olsen. Caen, France.
Club, A.A. 1956. Accidents in American mountaineering. AAC. NY.
Cobb, J.S. Lobsters, Crabs, and competition in Narragansett Bay. unknown. 11-13.
Cobb, J.S., and J.F. Caddy. 1989. The population biology of Decapods. In: J.F. Caddy (ed.), Marine invertebrate fisheries: their assessment and management. Vol. John Wiley and Sons, Rome, Italy, pp.
Cochrane, N.A., D. Sameoto, A.W. Herman, and J. Neilson. 1991. Multiple-frequency acoustic backscattering and zooplankton aggregations in the inner Scotian Shelf basins. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 48:340-355.
Coffey, M.A. 1983. Preliminary report on bear-proof backpack food cannister. U.S. National Park Service, Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks.
Cohen, J. 1988. The concepts of power analysis. In: Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences. Vol. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Hillsdale, New Jersey, pp. 1-17.
Cohen, J. 1988. Some issues in power analysis. In: Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences. Vol. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Hillsdale, New Jersey, pp. 531-542.
Cohen, J. 1988. The concept of power analysis, Some issues in power analysis. In: Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences. Vol. Lawrence erlbaum associates, publishers, New York, NY, pp. 1-17, 531-542.
Colborne, E. 1998. Oceanographic conditions in the Newfoundland region in 1997. Department of Fisheries and Oceans, Canada. St. John's Newfoundland, Canada.
Cole, G.F. 1974. Management involving grizzly bears and humans in Yellowstone National Park, 1970-73. BioScience. 24:335-338.
Cole, G.F. 1975. Management involving grizzly bears in Yellowstone National Park. Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon.
Cole, D. 1985. Captured heritage: the scramble for Northwest Coast artifacts. Seattle, WA.
Cole, R.G., T.M. Ayling, and R.G. Creese. 1990. Effects of marine reserve protection at Goat Island, northern New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research. 24:197-210.
Cole, D.N. 1994. The Wilderness threats matrix: a framework for assessing impacts. U.S. National Forest Service.
Cole*, L.C. 1954. The population consequence of life history phenomena. Quarterly review of Biology. 29:103-137.
Colgate, W.A. 1982. A review of the Gulf of Alaska tanner crab, (Chionoecetes bairdi), fishery and management related research. University of Alaska Sea Grant College Program. University of Alaska Fairbanks. 82-10.
Colgate, W.A. 1985. Investigations of life history and fishery for tanner crab (Chionoecetes bairdi) in the westward region, Alaska, 1983. Alaska Department of Fish and Game.
Collazo, J.A. 1995. Accuracy tests for sonic telemetry studies in an estuarine environment. Journal of Wildlife Management. 59(1):181-188.
Collie, J.S., and G.H. Kruse. 1998. Estimating king crab (Paralithodes camtschaticus) abundance from commercial catch and research survey data. In: G. Jamieson and A. Campbell (eds.), Proceedings of the North Pacific symposium on invertebrate stock assessment and management. Vol. 125. Canadian Special Publication of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, pp. 73-83.
Collier, P.C. 1983. Movement and growth of post-larval Dungeness crabs, Cancer magister, in the San Francisco area. In: P.W. Wild and R.N. Tasto (eds.), Life history, environment, and mariculture studies of the Dungeness crab, (Cancer magister), with emphasis on the central California fishery resource. Vol. 172. California Department of Fish and Game, pp. 125-134.
Collier, M.P., R.H. Webb, and E.D. Andrews. 1997. Experimental flooding in Grand Canyon.
Collins, B.T. 1990. Using rerandomizing tests in route-regression analysis of avian population trends In: Survey designs and statistical methods for the estimation of avian population trends. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.
Coltman, D.W., W.D. Bowen, D.J. Boness, and S.J. Iverson. 1997. Balancing foraging and reproduction in the male harbour seal, an aquatically mating pinniped. Anim. Behav. 54:663-678.
Coltman, D.W., W.D. Bowen, and J.M. Wright. 1997. A multivariate analysis of phenotype and paternity in male harbor seals, Phoca vitulina, at Sable Island, Nova Scotia. Behav. Ecol. 10:169-177.
Colwell, R.K., and D.J. Futuyma. 1971. On the measurement of niche breadth and overlap. Ecology. 52:567-576.
Colwell, M.A., and R.J. Cooper. 1993. Estimates of coastal shorebird abundance: the importance of muliple counts. Journal of Field Ornithology. 64:293-412.
Comeau, M., P. Mallet, and G. Robichaud. 1997. Comparison of the relationship between lobster catch rates and temperature between a spring (LFA 24) and a fall (LFA 25) lobster fishery in the Gulf of St. Lawrence. Department of fisheries and oceans.
Comeau, M., and K. Drinkwater. 1997. The interaction of wind, temperature and catch rate of lobster (Homarus americanus) on the Acadian Peninsula. Department of fisheries and oceans.
commission, I.w. 1995. Schedule of the international convention for the regulation of whaling. International convention for the regulation of whaling. Cambridge, UK.
Commission, M.M. 1996. Annual Report to Congress. Marine Mammal Commission. Bethesda, Maryland.
Commission, A.N.H.S., and N.M.F. Service. 1999. Cooperative management: Agreement between the Alaska native harbor seal commission and the national marine fisheries service. Alaska Native Harbor Seal Commission
National Marine Fisheries Service.
Commission, C.R.S. undated. Report of the Copper River Science Commission.
Committee on Science, E., and Public Policy. 1995. On being a scientist - responsible conduct in research. National Academy Press, Washington, D.C. 27 pp.
Comoglio, L.I., J.H. Vinuesa, and G.A. Lovrich. 1990. Feeding habits of southern king crab, Lithodes santolla (Molina), and the false king crab, Paralomis granulosa Jacquinot, in the Beagle Channel. Anchorage, Alaska.
Company, W.a. 1970. A development planning program for the central council of the Tlingit and Haida Indians of Alaska. Wolf and Company. New York.
Conan, G.Y. 1985. Assessment of shellfish stocks by geostatistical techniques. International Council for the Exploration of the Sea.
Conan, G.Y., and D.R. Maynard. 1987. Estimates of snow crab (Chionoecetes opilio ) abundance by underwater television -- a method for population studies on benthic fisheries resources. Z. Angew. Ichthyol./J. Appl. Ichthyol. 3:158-165.
Conan, G.Y., R.W. Elner, and M. Moriyasu. 1990. Review of literature on life histories in the genus Chionoecetes in light of the recent findings on growth and maturity of C. opilio in eastern Canada. Anchorage, Alaska.
Conan, G.Y., M. Starr, M. Comeau, J.C. Therriault, F.X.M. i Hernandez, and G. Robichaud. 1996. Life history strategies, recruitment fluctuations, and management of the Bonne Bay Fjord Atlantic snow crab (Chionoecetes opilio). Alaska Sea Grant College Program. Anchorage, AK. 96-02.
Conant, B., and J.G. King. 1981. Winter waterfowl survey, southeastern Alaska. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.
Conant, B. 1991. Marbled murrelet population estimates for southeast Alaska. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.
Condit, R., and B.J. Le Boeuf. 1984. Feeding habits and feeding grounds of the northern elephant seal. J. Mamm. 65:281-290.
Confer, J.L., and M.V. Moore. 1987. Interpreting selectivity indices calculated from field data or conditions of prey replacement. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 44:1529-1533.
Congress, U.S. 1980. Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation Act [ANILCA]. U.S. Congress. Washington, D.C.
Connor, R.C., J. Mann, P.L. Tyack, and H. Whitehead. 1998. Social evolution in toothed whales. TREE. 13:228-232.
Constantine, R., I. Visser, T. Campus, D. Buurman, R. Buurman, and B. McFadden. 1998. Killer Whale (Orcinus orca) predation on dusky dolphins (Lagenorhynchus obscurus) in Kaikoura, New Zealand. Marine Mammal Science. 14:324-330.
Contos, S.M. 1982. Workshop on marine mammal-fisheries interactions. U.S. Marine Mammal Commission.
Cook, D.J. 1969. Heavy minerals in Alaskan beach sand deposits. University of Alaska, Mineral Industry Research Laboratory, Fairbanks.
Cooke, W.B. 1955. Some fungi from Alaska. Northwest Science. 29:127-128.
Cooke, W.B., and D.B. Lawrence. 1959. Soil mould fungi isolated from recently glaciated soils in southeastern Alaska. J. Crustacean Res. 47:529-549.
Cooke, W.B. 1979. A Preliminary report on the fungi of Glacier Bay National Monument based on collections made Aug. 26-Sept. 12, 1979, by William Bridge and Vivian G. Cooke. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Cooke, W.B. 1979. Notes on fungi in Glacier Bay National Monument. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Cooke, W.B. 1980. On the fungi of Glacier Bay, National Monument. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Cooke, W.B. 1980. Some fungi of Glacier Bay National Monument, 1953-1978. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Coombs, D.K. 1977. Mount Fairweather. AMAJ. 21:168-169.
Coomes, D.A., M. Rees, and L. Turnbull. 1999. Identifying aggregation and association in fully mapped spatial data. Ecology. 80:554-565.
Coon, N.C., L.N. Locke, E. Cromartie, and W.L. Reichel. 1969. Causes of bald eagle mortality, 1960-1965. J. Tokyo Univ. Fish./Tokyo Suisandai Kempo. 6:72-76.
Cooney, R.T. 1986. Zooplankton. In: D. Hood and S. Zimmerman (eds.), The Gulf of Alaska; physical environment and biological resources. Vol. U.S. National Marine Fisheries Service, pp.
Cooper, W.S. 1923. The recent ecological history of Glacier Bay, Alaska: I. The interglacial forest of Glacier Bay. II. The present vegetation cycle. III. Permanent quadrats at Glacier Bay: an initial report upon a long-period study. Ecology. 4:93-128, 223-246, 355-365.
Cooper, W.S. 1924. The forests of Glacier Bay—present, past, and yet unborn. J. Fisheries Biol. 22:16-23.
Cooper, W.S. 1924. The battle of ice and forest. American Forests. 30:195-198, 234.
Cooper, W.S. 1925. Glacier Bay, Alaska, proclaimed a national monument by the President. Ecology. 6:197.
Cooper, W.S. 1926. The fundamentals of vegetational change. Ecology. 7:391-413.
Cooper, W.S. 1930. The seed-plants and ferns of the Glacier Bay National Monument, Alaska. Torry Botany Club Bulletin. 57:327-338.
Cooper, W.S. 1931. A third expedition to Glacier Bay, Alaska. Ecology. 12:61-95.
Cooper, W.S. 1931. Layering habit in Sitka spruce and the two western hemlocks. Botanical Gazette. 91:441-451.
Cooper, W.S. 1936. Strand and dune flora of the Pacific coast of North America. In: Essays in Geobotany in honor of William Albert Setchell. Vol. University of California Press, Berkeley, CA, pp. 141-187.
Cooper, W.S. 1937. The problem of Glacier Bay, Alaska, a study of glacier variations. Geographical Review. 27:37-62.
Cooper, W.S. 1939. Additions to the flora of the Glacier Bay National Monument, AK, 1935-1936. Torry Botany Club Bulletin. 66:453-456.
Cooper, W.S. 1939. A fourth expedition to Glacier Bay, Alaska. Ecology. 20:130-155.
Cooper, W.S. 1942. An isolated colony of plants on a glacier-clad mountain. Torry Botany Club Bulletin. 69:429-433.
Cooper, W.S. 1942. Vegetation of the Prince William Sound region, Alaska: with a brief excursion into post-Pleistocene climatic history. Ecol. Monogr. 12:1-22.
Cooper, W.S. 1942. Contributions of botanical science to the knowledge of post-glacial climates. Journal of Geology. 50:981-994.
Cooper, W.S. 1956. A contribution to the history of the Glacier Bay National Monument. University of Minnesota, Department of Botany, Minneapolis. 36 pp.
Cooper, J.P. 1984. Sedimentary processes, facies, and accumulation rates at Alaskan temperate tidewater glaciers. M.S. Thesis (Geology), Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, pp.
Cooper, S.D., D.W. Smith, and J.R. Bence. 1985. Prey selection by freshwater predators with different foraging strategies. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 1720-1732.
Cooper, R., and T.H. Johnson. 1992. Trends in steelhead (Oncorhunchus mykiss) abundance in Washington and along the Pacific coast of North America. Washington Department of Wildlife, Fisheries Management Division.
Cooper, J. 1993. Report on the birds observed during the Sierra Club of Canada expedition on the Tatshenshini-Alsek River, June-July, 1993. Sierra Club of Canada.
Cooper, A.B., and J.J. Millspaugh. 1999. The application of discrete choice models to wildlife resource selection studies. Ecology (Washington D C). 80:566-575.
Coppock, H.A. 1969. Interactions between Russians and native Americans in Alaska, 1741-1840. Michigan State University.
Corkeron, P.J., M. Brown, R.W. Slade, and M.M. Bryden. 1994. Humpback whales, Megaptera novaeangliae (Cetacia: Balaenopteridae), in Hervey Bay, Queensland. Wildl. Res. 21:293-305.
Corkeron, P.J. 1995. Humpback whales (megaptera novaeangliae) in Hervey Bay, Queensland: behavior and responses to whale-watching vessels. Can. J. Zool. 73:1290-1299.
Corkhill, P. 1971. Factors affecting auk attendance in the pre-egg stage. Nature. 12:258-262.
Cornell, L.H. 1983. Hematology and clinical chemistry values in the killer whale, Orcinus orca L. J. Tokyo Univ. Fish./Tokyo Suisandai Kempo. 19:259-264.
Corpe, H.M., P.M. Thompson, and L.J. Porter. 1998. A rapid non-invasive technique for distinguishing harbor seals (Phoca vitulina) in their first year from older age classes. Marine Mammal Science. 14:372-379.
Cortez-Zaragoza, E., P. Dalzell, and D. Pauly. 1989. Hook selectivity of yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares) caught off Darigayos Cove, La Union, Phillipines. Journal of Applied Icthyology. 1 (1989):12-17.
Cosens, S.E., and L.P. Dueck. 1987. Responses of migrating narwhal and beluga to icebreaker traffic at the Admiralty Inlet Ice-edge, N.W.T. in 1986. The Geophysical Institute. Fairbanks, Alaska. 2.
Costa, D.P. 1978. The ecological energetics, water and electrolyte balance of the California sea otter, Enhydra lutris. Ph.D., University of California at Santa Cruz, pp.
Costa, M.J., and M. Elliott. 1989. Fish usage and feeding in two industrialised estuaries - the Tagus, Portugal, and the Forth, Scotland. Olsen & Olsen. Caen, France.
Costa, D.P. 1991. Reproductive and foraging energetics of pinnipeds: implications for life history patterns. In: D. Renouf (ed.), Behaviour of Pinnipeds. Vol. Chapman and Hall, New York, pp. 301-344.
Costa, D.P. 1993. The secret life of marine mammals: novel tools for studying their behavior and biology at sea. Oceanography. 6:120-127.
Costa, J.T. 1996. Developments in social terminology: semantic battles in a conceptual war. Trends in Ecology and evolution. 11:285-289.
Costello, M.J. 1990. Predator feeding strategy and prey importance: a new graphical analysis. J. Fish Biol. 36:261-263.
Costlow, J. 1990. Our coastal environment: science vs. politics. Anchorage, Alaska.
Cote, D. et al. 1998. A coded acoustic telemetry system for high precision monitoring of fish location and movement: Application to the study of nearshore nursery habitat of juvenile Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua). Marine Technology Society Journal. 32:54-62.
Cottrell, P., B. Shubel, and R. Hecht. 1991. Assessing diet of harbor seals, Phoca vitulina richardsi, in the Beardslee Islands, Glacier Bay Alaska. University of Alaska-Southeast. Juneau, AK.
Cottrell, P.E. 1995. Diet, activity budgets, and movement patterns of harbour seals (Phoca vitulina) in Cowichan Bay and adjacent areas. M.S. Thesis, University of Victoria, Victoria. 118 pp.
Cottrell, P.E. 1995. Diet, activity budgets, and movement patterns of harbor seals (Phoca vitulina) in Cowichan Bay and adjacent areas. Masters of Science, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC. 117 pp.
Cottrell, P.E., A.W. Trites, and E.H. Miller. 1996. Assessing the use of hard parts in faeces to identify harbour seal prey: results of captive-feeding trials. Can. J. Zool. 74:875-880.
Coull*, B.C. (ed). 1977. Ecology of Marine Benthos. University of South Carolina Press, Columbia, South Carolina.
Coulson, J.C., and E. White. 1956. A study of colonies of the Kittiwake Rissa tridactyla (L.). Ibis. 98:63-79.
Coulson, J.C., and E. White. 1958. The effect of age on the breeding biology of the Kittwake Rissa tridactyla. Ibis. 100:40-51.
Coulson, J.C., and E. White. 1958. Observations on the breeding of the Kittiwake. Bird Study. 5:74-83.
Coulson, J.C., and E. White. 1959. The post-fledging mortality of the Kittiwake. Bird Study. 6:97-102.
Coulson, J.C. 1959. The plumage and leg colour of the kittiwake and comments on the non-breeding population. British Birds. 52:189-196.
Coulson, J.C., and E. White. 1960. The effect of age and density of breeding birds on the time of breeding of the Kittiwake Rissa tridactyla. Ibis. 102:71-86.
Coulson, J.C. 1963. The status of the Kittiwake in the British Isles. Bird Study. 10:147-179.
Coulson, J.C. 1963. Egg size and shape in the Kittiwake (Rissa tridactyla) and their use in estimating age composition of populations. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B. 140:211-227.
Coulson, J.C. 1966. The influence of the pair-bond and age on the breeding biology of the Kittiwake Gull Rissa tridactyla. J. Amer. Stat. Assoc. 35:269-279.
Coulson, J.C. 1968. Differences in the quality of birds nesting in the centre and on the edges of a colony. 217:478-479.
Coulson, J.C. 1970. Competition for breeding sites causing segregation and reduced young production in colonial animals. Centre for Agricultural Publishing and Documentation, Wageningen, the Netherlands. Oosterbeek, the Netherlands, 7-18 September 1970.
Coulson, J.C. 1970. The significance of the pair bond in the kittiwake. The Hague, Netherlands.
Coulson, J.C., and J.M. Horobin. 1972. The annual re-occupation of breeding sites by the fulmar. Ibis. 114:30-42.
Coulson, J.C. 1973. Comparison of the breeding biology of the Shag and Kittiwake. Ibis. 115:474-475.
Coulson, J.C. 1975. The organization of kittiwake colonies. J. Cons. Int. Explor. Mer. 116:337-338.
Coulson, J.C., and R.D. Wooller. 1976. Differential survival rates among breeding Kittiwake Gulls Rissa tridactyla (L.). J. Amer. Stat. Assoc. 45:205-213.
Coulson, J.C. 1983. The changing status of the Kittiwake Rissa tridactyla in the British Isles, 1969-1979. Bird Study. 30:9-16.
Coulson, J.C., C.S. Thomas, J.E.L. Butterfield, N. Duncan, P. Monaghan, and C. Shedden. 1983. The use of head and bill length to sex live gulls Laridae. Ibis. 125:549-557.
Coulson, J.C., and C.S. Thomas. 1983. Mate choice in the Kittiwake Gull. In: P.G. Bateson (ed.), Mate Choice. Vol. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp. 361-376.
Coulson, J.C., and R.D. Wooller. 1984. Incubation under natural conditions in the Kittiwake Gull, Rissa tridactyla. Animal Behavior. 32:1204-1215.
Coulson, J.C., and C.S. Thomas. 1985. Changes in the biology of the Kittiwake Rissa tridactyla: A 31-year study of a breeding colony. J. Amer. Stat. Assoc. 54:9-26.
Coulson, J.C., and J.M. Porter. 1985. Reproductive success of the Kittiwake Rissa tridactyla: the roles of clutch size, chick growth rates and parental quality. Ibis. 127:450-466.
Coulson, J.C., and C. Thomas. 1985. Differences in the breeding performance of individual Kittiwake Gulls, Rissa tridactyla (L.). In: R.M. Sibley and R.H. Smith (eds.), Behavioural Ecology: The Ecological Consequences of Adaptive Behaviour. Vol. Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, pp. 489-503.
Coulson, J.C. 1991. The population dynamics of culling Herring Gulls and Lesser Black-backed Gulls. In: C.M. Perrins, J.-D. Lebreton and G.J.M. Hirons (eds.), Bird Population Studies: Relevance to Conservation and Management. Vol. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK, pp. 479-497.
Coulson, J.C., and G. Nève de Mévergnies. 1992. Where do young Kittiwakes Rissa tridactyla breed, philopatry or dispersal? Ardea. 80:187-197.
Coulson, J.C., and M.P. Johnson. 1993. The attendance and absence of adult Kittiwakes Rissa tridactyla from the nest site during the chick stage. Ibis. 135:372-378.
Coulson*, J.C., and G. Hickling. 1964. The breeding biology of the grey seal, (Halichoerus grypus) (Fab.), on the Farne Isalnds, Northumberland. J. Amer. Stat. Assoc. 33:485-512.
Cousins, S.H. The trophic continuum in marine ecosystems: structure and equations for a predictive model. 76-93.
Cowan, I.M. 1944. The Dall Porpoise, Phocoenoides dalli (true), of the Northern Pacific Ocean. J. Mamm. 25:295-306.
Cowan, E.A., and R.D. Powell. 1986. Deposition of cyclically interlaminated sand-and-mud in an ice-proximal glacimarine environment. Champaign-Urbana, Illinois.
Cowan, E.A., R.D. Powell, and N.D. Smith. 1986. Effects of meltwater stream discharges and fjord water masses on sedimentary deposits at temperate tidewater glaciers. Canberra, Australia.
Cowan, E.A., R.D. Powell, and N.D. Smith. 1987. Episodic sedimentation at a temperate tidewater glacier.
Cowan, E.A. 1988. Sediment transport and deposition in a temperate glacial fjord, Glacier Bay, Alaska. Ph.D. Dissertation, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL, 428 pp.
Cowan, E.A., R.D. Powell, and N.D. Smith. 1988. Sediment accumulation rates in a temperate glacial fjord, McBride Inlet, Glacier Bay National Park, Alaska. 20(7).
Cowan, E.A., R.D. Powell, and N.D. Smith. 1988. Rainstorm-induced event sedimentation at the tidewater front of a temperate glacier. Geology. 16:408-412.
Cowan, E. 1989. Suspended sediment concentrations and water column structure in Muir Inlet and Tarr Inlet, June 1989. Appalachian State University.
Cowan, E.A., and R.D. Powell. 1989. Suspended sediment transport and deposition of cyclically interlaminated sediment in a temperate glacial fjord, Alaska, U.S.A. Geol. Soc. London. 75-89.
Cowan, E. 1990. Geologic processes in glacial fjords of Alaska. Appalachian State University Research News. 3.
Cowan, E.A., and R.D. Powell. 1990. Circulation and suspended sediment dynamics in McBride Inlet, a tidewater glacial fjord. U.S. National park Service. Glacier Bay National Park & Preserve, AK. 1988.
Cowan, E.A., and R.D. Powell. 1990. Suspended sediment transport and deposition of cyclically interlaminated sediment in a temperate glacial fjord, Alaska, U.S.A. In: J.A. Dowdeswell and J.D. Scourse (eds.), Glacimarine environments: processes and sediments. Vol. Special Publication 53. Geological Society, London, pp. 75-89.
Cowan, E.A. 1991. Submersible investigations of suspended sediment dynamics in Glacier Bay, southeastern Alaska. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Cowan, E.A., and R.D. Powell. 1991. Ice-proximal sediment accumulation rates in a temperate glacial fjord, southeastern Alaska. Geological Society of America.
Cowan, E.A., and R.D. Powell. 1991. Grounding-line systems as second order controls on fluctuations of temperate tidewater termini. In: Vol. Geological Society of America, pp. 61-73.
Cowan, E.A. 1992. Meltwater and tidal currents: controls on circulation in a small glacial fjord. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science. 34:381-392.
Cowan, E.A., and R.D. Powell. 1994. Cruise report R/V Alpha Helix Cruise 173, August 17-September 3, 1993. National Science Foundation.
Cowan, E.A. 1995. Characteristics of suspended particulate matter and sedimentation of organic carbon in Glacier Bay fjords. U.S. National Park Service. Glacier Bay National Park & Preserve, AK. 1993.
Cowles, C.J., and J.L. Imm. 1987. Review of studies on the effects of man-induced noise on marine mammals of the Bering, Chukchi, and Beaufort Seas and how the results have been applied to Federal offshore oil and gas management decisions. Minerals Management Service.
Cox, T. 1998. Documenting the bycatch of harbor porpoises, Phocoena phocoena, in coastal gillnet fisheries from stranded carcasses. Fish. Bull. 96:727-734.
Cox Jr., R.R., and A.D. Afton. 1994. Portable platforms for setting rocket nets in open-water habitats. Journal of Field Ornithology. 65:551-555.
Coyle, K.O., and A.J. Paul. 1990. Interannual variations in zooplankton and biomass during the spring bloom in an Alaskan subartic embayment. In: D.A. Ziemann and K.W. Fulton-Bennett (eds.), APPRISE -- Interannual variability and fisheries recruitment. Vol. The Oceanic Institute, Honolulu, Hawaii, pp. 179-228.
Coyle, K.O., G.L. Hunt, Jr., M.B. Decker, and T.J. Weingartner. 1992. Murre feeding, epibenthic sound scattering and tidal advection over a shoal near St. George Island, Bering Sea. Marine Ecol. Prog. Rep. 83:1-14.
Craig, A.S., and L.M. Herman. 1997. Sex differences in site fidelity and migration of humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) to the Hawaiian Islands. Can. J. Zool. 75:1923-1933.
Craig, A.S., and L.M. Herman. 2000. Habitat preferences of female humpback whales Megaptera novaeangliae in the Hawaiian Islands area associated with reproductive status. Marine Ecol. Prog. Rep. 193:209-216.
Craighead, J.J., F.C. Craighead Jr., J.R. Varney, and C.E. Cote. 1971. Satellite monitoring of black bear. BioScience. 21:1206-1212.
Craighead, J.J., G. Atwell, and B.W. O'Gara. 1972. Elk migrations in and near Yellowstone National Park. wildlife monographs. 29:6-48.
Craighead, F.L., and J. Oppenheim. 1985. Population estimates and temporal trends of Pribilof Island seabirds. U.S. Department of Commerce, NOAA. Anchorage, Alaska. 30.
Craighead, D.J., and J.J. Craighead. 1987. Tracking caribou using satellite telemetry. National Geographic Research. 3:462-479.
Craighead, J.J., and J.A. Mitchell. 1990. Grizzly bear. In: J.A. Chapman and G.A. Feldhamer (eds.), Wild Mammals of North America: Biology, Management, and Economics. Vol. The Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, Maryland, pp. 515-556.
Craighead Jr., F.C., and T.C. Dunstan. 1976. Progress toward tracking migrating raptors by satellite. Raptor Res. 10:112-120.
Craik, K.J.W. 1944. White plumage of sea-birds. Nature. 153:288.
Craik, G.J.S. 1980. Simple method for measuring the relative scouring of intertidal areas. Mar. Behav. and Physiol. 59:257-260.
Cramond, M. 1987. Of bears and man. Fitzhenry and Whiteside, Markham, Ontario. 464 pp.
Cramp, S., W.R.P. Bourne, and D. Saunders. 1974 (or 1924?). The Seabirds of Britain and Ireland. Collins, London. pp.
Cramp, S., and K.E.L. Simmons. 1983. The Birds of the Western Palearctic. Oxford University Press, Oxford, Great Britain. pp.
Cramp, S., and K.E.L. Simmons. 1983. Rissa tridactyla Kittiwake. In: S. Cramp and K.E.L. Simmons (eds.), The Birds of the Western Palearctic. Vol. 3. Oxford University Press, Oxford, Great Britain, pp. 863-875.
Crawford, R., and J. Jorgenson. 1990. Density destribution of fish in the presence of whales at the Admiralty Inlet landfast ice edge. Arctic. 43:215-222.
Crawford, R.J.M., P.G. Ryan, and A.J. Williams. 1991. Seabird consumption and production in the Benguela and Western Agulhas ecosystems. S. Afr. J. Mar. Sci. 11:357-375.
Crawford, W.R., and G.S. Jamieson. 1996. Modeling advection of Dungeness crab (Cancer magister) in Dixon entrance and northern Hecate Strait, British Columbia. Alaska Sea Grant College Program. Anchorage, AK. 96-02.
Crawford*, W.R., A.V. Tyler, and R.E. Thomson. 1990. A possible eddy retention mechanism for ichthyoplankton in Hecate Strait. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 47:1356-1363.
Crean, P.B. 1967. Physical oceanography of Dixon Entrance, British Columbia. Fisheries Research Board of Canada.
Cressie, N. 1986. Kriging nonstationary data. Journal of American Statistical Association. 81:625-634.
Cressie, N.A.C. 1991. Statistics for Spatial Data. John Wheiley & Sons, New York. 900 pp.
Cresswell*, W.J., and G.C. Smith. 1992. The effects of temporally autocorrelated data on methods of home range analysis. In: I.G. Priede and S.M. Swift (eds.), Wildlife telemetry: remote monitoring and tracking of animals. Vol. Ellis Horwood, pp. 272-284.
Creswell, P.D., and C.L. McLay. 1990. Handling times, prey size and species selection by Cancer novaezelandiae (Jacquinot, 1853) feeding on molluscan prey. Journal of Exploratory Marine Biology and Ecology. 140:13-28.
Criddle, K., R. 1993. Optimal control of dynamic multispecies fisheries. Alaska Sea Grant College Program. University of Alaska Fairbanks. 93-02.
Crocker, R.L., and J. Major. 1955. Soil development in relation to the vegetation and surface age at Glacier Bay, Alaska. J. Crustacean Res. 43(2):427-448.
Crocker, R.L., and B.A. Dickson. 1957. Soil development on the recessional moraines of Herbert and Mendenhall Glaciers, southeastern Alaska. J. Crustacean Res. 45:169-185.
Crockford, S. 1998. A set of standard protocols and recommended procedures for the identification of fish prey remains from marine mammal stomach contents and fecal samples. Pacific Identifications. Victoria, B.C., Canada.
Croll, D.A., S.D. Osmek, and J.L. Bengtson. 1991. An effect of instrument attachment on foraging trip duration in chinstrap penguins. The Condor. 93:777-779.
Croll, D.A., A.J. Gaston, and D.G. Noble. 1991. Adaptive loss of mass in thick-billed Murres. The Condor. 93:496-502.
Croll, D.A., A.J. Gaston, A.E. Burger, and D. Konnoff. 1992. Foraging behavior and physiological adaption for diving in thick-billed murres. Ecology. 73:344-356.
Croll, D.A., and B.R. Tershy. 1998. Penguins, fur seals, and fishing: prey requirements and potential competition in the South Shetland Islands, Antartica. Polar Biology. 19:365-374.
Crook, D.A., and R.W.G. White. 1995. Evaluation of subcutaneously implanted visual implant tags and coded wire tags for marking and benign recovery in a small scaleless fish, Galaxias truttaceus (Pisces: Galaxiidae). Marine & Freshwater Research. 46:943-946.
Crosby, M.P., R. Bohne, and K. Geenen. 1997. Alternative access management strategies for marine and coastal protected areas: a reference manual for their development and assessment. February 1997 draft. pp.
Cross, A.N.R. 41. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation. American National Red Cross, Wash. D.C. 41 pp.
Cross, A.N.R. 1973. Advanced first aid and emergency care. Doubleday, Garden City, NY. 318 pp.
Cross, A.R. 1993. Standard first aid. Mosby Lifeline, St. Louis, MO. 229 pp.
Crovetto, A., J. Lamilla, and G. Pequeno. 1992. Lissodelphis-Peronii Lacepede 1804 Delphinidae Cetaceae Within the Stomach Contents of A Sleeping Shark Somniosus-Pacificus Bigelow and Schroeder 1944 in Chilean Waters. Marine Mammal Science. 8:312-314.
Crow, M.E. 1982. Some statistical techniques for analysing the stomach contents of fish. Washington Sea Grant Program. Seattle.
Crowell, A. 1995. Archaeology in a mythical landscape: Glacier Bay National Park.
Crowley, P.H. 1992. Resampling methods for computationaintensive data analysis in ecology and evolution. Review of Ecology and Systematics. 23:405-447.
Croxall*, J.P. 1987. Seabirds feeding ecology and role in marine ecosystems. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. 408 pp.
Cubbage, J.C., and J. Calambokidis. 1984. Bowhead whale length measured through stereophotogrammetry. U.S. National Marine Fisheries Service, National Marine Mammal Laboratory, Seattle, Washington.
Cucci*, T.L., S.E. Shumway, W.S. Brown, and C.R. Newell. 1989. Using phytoplankton and flow cytometry to analyze grazing by marine organisms. Cytometry. 10:659 - 669.
Cullen, E. 1957. Adaptations in the Kittiwake to cliff-nesting. Ibis. 99:275-302.
Cullen, J., A. Ciotti, R. Davis, and M. Lewis. 1997. Optical detection and assessment of algal blooms. Emerging technologies and modeling. 42:1223-1238.
Cullen*, J.J. 1982. The Deep chlorophyll maximum: comparing vertical profiles of chlorophyll a. Department of Fisheries and Oceans. 791-803.
Cummings, W.C., D. Van Holliday, and W.T. Ellison. 1981. Measurements of man-made underwater noise off North Slope, Alaska. San Diego, CA.
Cummins, K.W. 1974. Structure and function of stream ecosystems. Bioscience. 24:631-641.
Cunjak, R.A., R.L. Saunders, and E.M.P. Chadwick. 1990. Seasonal variations in the smolt characteristics of juvenile Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) from estuarine and riverine environments. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 47:813-820.
Curio, E. 1976. The Ethology of Predation. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. 250 pp.
Cushing, H.P. 1891. Notes on the Muir Glacier region and its geology. American Geologist. 8:207-230.
Cushing, H.P. 1892. Notes on the geology of the vicinity of Muir Glacier. National Geographic Magazine. 4:56-62.
Cushing, H.P. 1893. The movement of Muir Glacier. American Geologist. 11:276-278.
Cushing, H.P. 1895. Notes on the areal geology of Glacier Bay, Alaska. New York Academy of Science.
Cwynar, L.C. 1990. A late quaternary vegetation history from Lily Lake, Chilkat Peninsula, southeast Alaska. Canadian Journal of Botany. 68:1106-1112.
Cyr, C., and B. Sainte-Marie. 1995. Catch of Japanese crab traps in relation to bait quantity and shielding. Fisheries Res. 24(2):129-139.
Czamanske, G.K., G.R. Himmelberg, and F.E. Goff. 1976. Zoned Cr, Fe-spinel from the La Perouse layered gabbro, Fairweather Range, Alaska. Earth and Planetary Science Letters. 33:111-118.
Czamanske, G.K., and L.C. Calk. 1981. Mineralogical records of cumulus processes, Brady Glacier Ni-Cu deposit, southeastern Alaska. Mining Geology. 31:213-233.
Czamanske, G.K., J. Haffty, and S.W. Nabbs. 1981. Pt, Pd, and Rh analysis and beneficiation of mineralized mafic rocks from the La Perouse layered gabbro, Alaska. Economic Geology. 76:2001-2011.
D'Vincent, C.G., R.M. Nilson, and R.E. Hanna. Undated. Vocalization and coordinated feeding behavior of the humpback whale (Megaptera novaeangliae) in southeastern Alaska. Unknown. 41-47.
D.L., P., and R.S. Lutz. 1993. Influence of vehicular traffic on time budgets of nesting burrowing owls. Journal of Wildlife Management. 57:612-616.
da Silva, J., and J.D. Neilson. 1985. Limitations of using otoliths recovered in scats to estimate prey consumption in seals. Canadian Journal of Fish and Aquatic Science. 42:1439-1442.
Dadswell, M.J., and D. Weighs. 1990. Size-related hydrodynamic characteristics of the giant scallop, (Placopecten magellanicus) (Bivalvia: Pectinidae). Can. J. Zool. 68:778-785.
Dagorn, L., P. Bach, and E. Josse. 2000. Movement patterns of large bigeye tuna (Thunnus obesus) in the open ocean, determined using ultrasonic telemetry. Mar. Behav. and Physiol. 136:361-371.
Dahlgreen, R.B., A. Wywialowski, T.A. Bubolz, and V.L. Wright. Influence of knowledge of wildlife management principles on behavior and attitudes towards resource issues.
Dahlheim, M.E., S. Leatherwood, and W.F. Perrin. Distribution of killer whales in the warm temperate and tropical eastern Pacific. Rep. Fish. Res. Lab. 647-653.
Dahlheim, M.E. A review of the biology and exploitation of the killer whale, Orcinus orca, with comments on recent sightings from Antarctica. Rep. Fish. Res. Lab. 541-546.
Dahlheim, M.E., J.D. Schempp, S.L. Swartz, and M.L. Jones. 1981. Attraction of gray whales (Eschrichtius robustus), to underwater outboard engine noise in Laguna San Ignacio, Baja California Sur, Mexico.
Dahlheim, M.E., and H.D. Fisher. 1983. Responses of gray whales (Eschrichtius robustus) to nonbiological noise.
Dahlheim, M.E., H.D. Fisher, and J.D. Schempp. 1984. Sound production by the gray whale and ambient noise levels in Laguna San Ignacio, Baja California Sur, Mexico. In: M.L. Jones, S.L. Swartz and S. Leatherwood (eds.), The Gray Whale (Eschrichtius robustus). Vol. Academic Press, Orlando, pp. 511-541.
Dahlheim, M.E. 1991. Harbor porpoise sightings in southeast Alaska: Maps.
Dahlheim, M.E., A. York, J. Waite, and C. Goebel-Diaz. 1992. Abundance and distribution of harbor porpoise (Phocoena phocoena) in southeast Alaska, Cook Inlet and Bristol Bay, Alaska. U.S. National Marine Fisheries Service.
Dahlheim, M.E., and J.M. Waite. 1992. Abundance and distribution of killer whales (Orcinus orca) in Alaska, 1992. U.S. National Marine Fisheries Service, National Marine Mammal Laboratory.
Dahlheim, M., A. York, J. Waite, and R. Towell. 1992. Abundance and distribution of harbor porpoise (Phocoena phocoena) in Southeast Alaska and Western Gulf of Alaska. U.S. National Marine Fisheries Service, National Marine Mammal Laboratory.
Dahlheim, M.E., and O. von Ziegesar. 1993. Effects of the Exxon Valdez oil spill on the abundance and distribution of humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) in Prince William Sound. U.S. National Marine Fisheries Service, National Marine Mammal Laboratory, Seattle, Washington.
Dahlheim, M.E. 1993. Abundance and distribution of killer whales (Orcinus orca) in Alaska, 1993. U.S. National Marine Fisheries Service, National Marine Mammal Laboratory.
Dahlheim, M.G., and R.G. Towell. 1994. Occurrence and distribution of Pacific white-sided dolphins (Lagenorhynchus obliquidens) in southeastern Alaska, with notes on an attack by killer whales (Orcinus orca). Mar. Mamm. Sci. 10:458-464.
Dahlheim, M., A. York, J. Waite, and R. Towell. 1994. Abundance and distribution of harbor porpoise (Phocoena phocoena) in Southeast Alaska and the offshore waters of Dixon Entrance to Prince William Sound, 1993. U.S. National Marine Fisheries Service, National Marine Mammal Laboratory.
Dahlheim, M.E., and C.E. Matkin. 1994. Assessment of injuries to Prince William Sound killer whales. Academic Press, San Diego, CA. 163-171 pp.
Dahlheim, M. 1996. Harbor porpoise sightings: dates, numbers, latitude and longitude.
Dahlheim, M., A. York, J. Waite, and R. Towell. 1996, in press. Abundance and distribution of harbor porpoise in Alaska based on aerial survey: Bristol Bay to Southeast Alaska.
Dahlheim, M.E. 1997. A photographic catalog of killer whales, Orcinus orca, from the Central Gulf of Alaska to the Southeastern Bering Sea. National Marine Fisheries, NOAA. Seattle.
Dahlheim, M.E., D.K. Ellifrit, and J.D. Swenson. 1997. Killer whales of Southeast Alaska. A catalogue of photo-identified individuals. National Marine Mammal Laboratory, Seattle. 79 pp.
Dahlstrom, W.A., and P.W. Wild. 1983. A history of Dungeness crab fisheries in California. In: P.W. Wild and R.N. Tasto (eds.), Life history, environment, and mariculture studies of the Dungeness Crab, Cancer magister, with emphasis on the central California fishery resource. Vol. 172. California Department of Fish and Game, pp. 7-24.
Dalebout, M.L., A. Van Helden, K. Van Waerebeek, and C.S. Baker. 1998. Molecular genetic identification of southern hemisphere beaked whales (Cetacea: Ziphiidae). Mol. Biol. Evol. 7:687-694.
Dall, W.H. 1899. Variations of glaciers. Journal of Geology. 7:225.
Dalle-molle, J. 1984. Field tests and users opinions of bear resistant backpack food containers in Denali National Park, Alaska. U.S. National Park Service, Denali National Park.
Dalle-Molle, J., M.A. Coffey, and H.W. Werner. 1985. Evaluation of bear-resistant food containers for backpackers. Ft. Collins, CO.
Dalle-Molle, J., and J.C. Van Horn. 1989. Bear/people conflict management in Denali National Park, Alaska. Northwest Territories Department of Renewable Resources.
Dalle-Molle, J. 1990. Notes from a survey of people using methods of protecting food and garbage from bears. U.S. National Park Service. Marblemount, Washington.
Dalziel, I.W.D. 1995. Earth before Pangea. Scientific American. 58-63.
Danchin, É. 1987. The behavior associated with the occupation of breeding site in the Kittiwake Gull Rissa tridactyla: The social status of landing birds. Anim. Behav. 35:81-93.
Danchin, É. 1987. Les comportements lies a l'occupation du site de reproduction chez la Mouette tridactyle (Rissa tridactyla): Les comportements de pre-atterrissage. Behav. 100:226-246.
Danchin, É. 1988. Social interactions in kittiwake colonies: social facilitation and/or favourable social environment. Anim. Behav. 36:443-451.
Danchin, É., B. Cadiou, J.-Y. Monnat, and R. Rodriguez Estrella. 1990. Recruitment in long-lived birds: Conceptual framework and behavioural mechanisms. New Zealand Ornithological Trust Board. Christchurch, New Zealand. III.
Danchin, É., and J.B. Nelson. 1991. Behavioral adaptations of cliff nesting in the Kittiwake (Rissa tridactyla): Convergences with the Gannet (Sula bassana) and the Black Noddy (Anous tenuirostris). Colonial Waterbirds. 14:103-107.
Danchin, É. 1991. Social displays of the Kittiwake Rissa tridactyla. Bird Behaviour. 9:69-80.
Danchin, É. 1992. The incidence of the tick parasite Ixodes uriae in Kittiwake Rissa tridactyla colonies in relation to the age of the colony, and a mechanism of infecting new colonies. Ibis. 134:134-141.
Danchin, É., and J.Y. Monnat. 1992. Population dynamics modelling of two neighbouring Kittiwake Rissa tridactyla colonies. Ardea. 80:171-180.
Danchin, É. 1992. Food shortage as a factor in the 1988 Kittiwake Rissa tridactyla breeding failure in Shetland. Ardea. 80:92-98.
Danchin, É., and R.H. Wagner. 1997. The evolution of coloniality: The emergence of new perspectives. Trends in Ecology & Evolution. 12:342-347.
Danchin, É., T. Boulinier, and M. Massot. 1998. Conspecific reproductive success and breeding habitat selection: Implications for the study of coloniality. Ecology. 79:2415-2428.
Danforth, W.W. 1997. Xsonar/ShowImage: A complete system for rapid sidescan sonar processing and display. U.S. Geological Survey.
Daniel, T.C., and e. al. 1992. Public perception and attitudes regarding spruce bark beetle damage to forest resources on the Chugach National Forest, Alaska. USDA Forest Service, Forest Pest Management, Region 10.
Daniels, D., J. Heath, and W. Rawson. 1984. A declaration of intent in the Kittiwake Gull (Rissa tridactyla). Anim. Behav. 32:1151-1156.
Dankers, N., and D.R. Zuidema. 1995. The role of the mussel (mytilus edulis l.) and mussel culture in the dutch wadden sea. Estuaries. 18:71-80.
Daoust, P.Y., R.G. Taylor, and B.L. Greenlaw. 1994. Herpes virus in botryomycotic lesions from a harp seal. Veterinary Pathology. 31:385-387.
Darling, J.D., and C.M. Jurasz. Migratory destinations of North Pacific humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae). In: Vol. pp. 359-368.
Darling, J.D. 1983. Observations on the abundance and behavior of humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) off West Maui, Hawaii, 1977-79. In: R. Payne (ed.), Communication and behavior of whales. Vol. AAAS Selected Symposium Series, Boulder, CO, pp. 201-222.
Darling, J.D. 1983. Mating behavior of Hawaiian humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae). Ph.D. dissertation, Univ. of California at Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, California. 147 pp.
Darling, J.D., and D.J. McSweeney. 1985. Observations on the migrations of North Pacific humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae). Can. J. Zool. 63:308-314.
Darling, J.D., and H. Morowitz. 1986. Census of "Hawaiian" humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) by individual identification. Can. J. Zool. 64:105-111.
Darling, J.D. 1991. Humpback whales in Japanese waters: fluke identification catalog 1987-1990. World Wildlife Fund for Nature Japan.
Darling, J.D., and K. Mori. 1993. Recent observations of humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) in Japanese waters off Ogasawara and Okinawa. Can. J. Zool. 71:325-333.
Darling, J.D., K.E. Keogh, and T. Steeves. 1995. Gray whale (Eschrichtius robustus) habitat utilization and prey species off Vancouver Island, B.C. Orlando, FL.
Darling, J.D. 1996. Movement of a humpback whale (Megaptera novaeangliae) from Japan to British Columbia and Return. Mar. Mamm. Sci. 12:281-287.
Dauenhauer, R. 1980. Glacier Bay Concerto, a long poem in three movements. Pacific University, Anchorage, Alaska. 120 pp.
Dauenhauer, N.M., and R. Dauenhauer. 1981. Because we cherish you. Sealaska heritage foundation press. Sitka, AK.
Dauenhauer, N.M. 1986. Context and display in Northwest coast art: voices of the First America: text and context in the New World. New Scholar. 1:419-432.
Dauenhauer, N.M., and R. Dauenhauer. 1986. Alaska native writers, storytellers and orators. 4.
Dauenhauer, N.M., and R. Dauenhauer (eds). 1987. Haa Shuka, our ancestors: Tlingit oral narratives. University of Washington Press. Juneau, AK, Sealaska Heritage Foundation, Seattle.
Dauenhauer, N.M. 1988. The droning shaman. Black Currrent Press, Haines, AK. pp.
Dauenhauer, N.M., and R. Dauenhauer (eds). 1990. Haa Tuwunaagu Yis, for healing our spirit: Tlingit oratory. University of Washington Press. Juneau, AK, Sealaska Heritage Foundation, Seattle.
Dauenhauer, N.M., and R. Dauenhauer (eds). 1994. Haa Kusteeyi, our culture: Tlingit life stories. University of Washington Press and Sealaska Heritage Foundation, Seattle and London, Juneau.
Daum, D.W. 1990. Fisheries investigations on the Kandik, Charley, Nation and Tatonduk Rivers, Yukon-Charley Rivers National Preserve, 1987 and 1988. U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service.
Davidson, G. 1904. The glaciers of Alaska that are shown on Russian charts or mentioned in older narratives. Series II(3).
Davies, N.B. 1977. Prey selection and the search strategy of the spotted flycatcher (Muscicapa striata) : a field study on optimal foraging. Animal Behavior. 25:1016-1033.
Davies, C.R. 1995. Movement of a small serranid, Serranus cabrilla within the Loano artificial reef in the Ligurian Sea, Italy. Biol. Mar. Mediterr. 2:91-94.
Davis, T.N., and N.K. Sanders. 1960. Alaska earthquake of July 10, 1958: intensity distribution and field investigation of northern epicentral region. Seismological Society of America Bulletin. 50:221-252.
Davis, J.M. 1980. The coordinated aerobatics of Dunlin flocks. Animal Behavior. 28:668-673.
Davis, A.S. 1981. Dungeness crab of the lower Cook Inlet area, 1979-1980 seasons. Alaska Department of Fish and Game. Homer, Alaska.
Davis, A.S. 1982. The commercial otter trawl shrimp fishery of Cook Inlet. Alaska Department of Fish & Game.
Davis, D.E. (ed). 1982. CRC handbook of census methods for terrestrial vertebrates. CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton.
Davis, G.E. 1986. Kelp forest dynamics in Channel Islands National Park, California 1982-85. U.S. National Park Service, Channel Islands National Park.
Davis, M.B., and D. Renouf. 1987. Social behaviour of harbor seals (Phoca vitulina) on haulout grounds at Miquelon. Can. Field-Nat. 101:1-5.
Davis, S. 1988. The Hidden Falls site, Baranof Island, Alaska. Alaska Anthropological Association Monograph Series. V:383.
Davis, G.E. 1989. Design of a long-term ecological monitoring program for Channel Islands National Park, California. Natural Areas Journal. 9:80-89.
Davis, S.K., and R.T. Baldwin. 1993. Multispecies management: a key to unlocking flatfish resources? Alaska Sea Grant College Program. University of Alaska Fairbanks. 93-02.
Davis, A.J., L.S. Jenkinson, J.H. Lawton, B. Shorrocks, and S. Wood. 1998. Making mistakes when predicting shifts in species range in response to global warming. Nature. 391:783-786.
Davis, G.E. 1999. Why don't parks and sanctuaries protect marine fish too? George Wright Forum. 16:88-97.
Davis, G.E. 1999. Why don't parks and sanctuaries protect marine fish too? The George Wright FORUM. 16:88-95.
Davydov, G.I. 1977. Two voyages to Russian America, 1802-1807. Limestone Press, Kingston, Ontario. pp.
Dawbin, W.H. 1949. A contribution to the study of the humpback whale based on observations at New Zealand shore stations.
Dawbin, W.H. 1956. The migrations of humpback whales which pass the New Zealand coast. Transactions of the Royal Society of New Zealand. 84:147-196.
Dawbin, W.H. 1966. The seasonal migratory cycle of humpback whales. In: K.S. Norris (ed.), Whales, Dolphins, and Porpoises. Vol. Univ. of Calif. Press, Berkeley, CA, pp. 145-170.
Dawbin, W.H., and P.C. Gill. 1991. Humpback whale survey along the west coast of Australia: a comparison of visual and acoustic observations. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum. 30:255-257.
Dawe, E.G., J.M. Hoenig, and X. Xu. 1993. Change-in-ratio and index-removal methods for population assessment and their application to snow crab (Chionoecetes opilio). Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 50:1467-1476.
Dawe, E.G., D.M. Taylor, and J.M. Hoenig. 1996. Evaluating an index of snow crab (Chionocetes opilio) biomass from trapping surveys. Alaska Sea Grant College Program. Anchorage , Alaska. 96-02.
Dawe, E.G., D.M. Taylor, and E.B. Colbourne. 1997. Factors affecting snow crab yearclass strength in the Newfoundland region. Department of fisheries and oceans.
Dawe, E.G., D.M. Taylor, P.J. Veitch, H.J. Drew, P.C. Beck, and P.G. O'Keefe. 1997. Status of Newfoundland and Labrador snow crab in 1996. Department of fisheries and oceans.
Dawe, E.G., and D.M. Taylor. 1997. Stock status report Newfoundland and Labrador snow crab. Department of Fisheries and Oceans.
Dawe, E.G., D.W. Kulka, H.J. Drew, P.C. Beck, and P.J. Veitch. 1998. An assessment of Newfoundland and Labrador snow crab in 1997. Department of fisheries and oceans.
Dawson, P.K., and B.L. Taylor. 1979. A preliminary study of Harbor Porpoise (Phocoena phocoena) in Glacier Bay National Monument. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Dawson, S. 1997. Killer whale (Orcinus orca) predation on dusky dolphins (Lagenorhynchus obscurus) in Kaikoura, New Zealand. Marine Mammal Science. 14:324-330.
Day, R.H., K.L. Oakley, and D.R. Barnard. 1983. Nest sites and eggs of Kittlitz's murrelets (Brachyramphus brevirostris) and marbled murrelets (Brachyramphus marmoratus). The Condor. 85:265-273.
Day, R.H., and D.A. Nigro. 1998. Status and ecology of kittlitz's murrlet in Prince William Sound: results of 1996 and 1997 studies. ABR, Inc. Fairbanks, AK.
Day, R.H., and D.A. Nigro. 1999. Status and ecology of Kittlitz's murrelet in Prince William Sound, 1996 - 1998. Exxon Valdez Oil Spill Restoration Project, ABR, Inc. Fairbanks, Alaska.
Day Jr., J.W., C.A.S. Hall, W.M. Kemp, and A. Yanez-Arancibia (eds). 1987. Estuarine Ecology. John Wiley & Sons, New York.
Dayton, P.K., S.F. Thrush, M.T. Agardy, and R.J. Hofman. 1995. Environmental effects of marine fishing. Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems. 5:205-232.
Dayton, P.K. 1998. Sliding Baselines, ghosts, and reduced expectations in kelp forest communities. Ecol. Appl. 309-322.
De Armond, R.N. 1978. Early visitors to Southeastern Alaska: nine accounts. Northwest Publishing Company, Anchorage, AK. pp.
de Baar, H.J.W., J.T.M. de Jong, D.C.E. Bakker, B.M. Loscher, C. Veth, U. Bathmann, and V. Smetacek. 1995. Importance of iron for plankton blooms and carbon dioxide drawdown in the southern ocean. Nature. 373:412-415.
de La Perouse, J.F.G.C. 1799. A voyage round the world, preformed in the years 1785, 1786, 1787, and 788, by the Boussole and Astrolabe under the command of J.F.G. de la Perouse. A. Hamilton, London. pp.
de La Perouse, J.F.G.C. 1927. The Alaska adventures of Jean Francois Galoup Perouse. 1.
de La Perouse, J.F.G.C. 1969. Voyages and adventures of La Perouse. University of Hawaii press, Honolulu. pp.
de Laguna, F. 1954. Tlingit ideas about the individual. J. Anim. Ecol. 10:172-191.
de Laguna, F. 1960. Story of a Tlingit community: a problem in the relationship between archaeological, ethnological and historical methods. Smithsonian Institute, Bureau of American Ethnology.
de Laguna, F. 1962. Letter to Dr. Ian Stevenson, Department of neurology and psychiatry, school of medicine, University of Virginia.
de Laguna, F., F.A. Riddell, D.F. McGeein, K.S. Lane, J.A. Freed, and C. Osborne. 1964. Archaeology of the Yakutat Bay area, Alaska. Smithsonian Institute, Bureau of American Ethnology.
de Laguna, F. 1972. Under Mount St. Elias: the history and culture of the Yakutat Tlingit. Smithsonian Institute.
de Laguna, F. 1983. Aboriginal Tlingit sociopolitical organization. In: E. Tooker (ed.), The development of political organization in native North America. Vol. Washington, DC, pp. 71-85.
de Laguna, F. 1990. Tlingit. In: W. Suttles (ed.), Handbook of North American Indians. Vol. 7. Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C, pp. 203-228.
Dean, F.C. Brown bear-human interrelationship study. Department of Wildlife Mangement, University of Alaska.
Dean, F.C., C.M. Jurasz, V.P. Palmer, C.H. Curby, and D.L. Thomas. 1985. Analysis of humpback whale (Megaptera novaeangliae) blow interval data, Glacier Bay, Alaska, 1976-1979. U.S. National Park Service, Alaska Regional Office, Anchorage.
Dean, T. 1988. Merlin preying on Leach's Petrel. British Birds. 81:395.
Deane, W.F. 1948. Muir Inlet ice factories. J. Biol. Board Can. 1:62-66.
DeArmond, R.N. 1986. Southeast place names: Bartlett Cove.
DeBrosse, G., S. Sulkin, and G. Jamieson. 1990. Intraspecific morphological variability in magalopae of three sympatric species of the genus Cancer (Brachyura: Cancridae). Journal of Crustacean Biology. 10(2):315-329.
Decker, H.F. 1966. Plants. Ohio State University, Institute of Polar Studies. Columbus.
Decker, J., and B.R. Johnson. 1981. The nature and position of the Border Ranges fault on Chicagof Island. U.S. Geological Survey.
Decker, J., and G. Plafker. 1982. Correlation of rocks in the Tarr Inlet suture zone with Kelp Bay Group. U.S. Geological Survey.
Deegan, L.A., and R.H. Garritt. 1997. Evidence for spatial variability in estuarine food webs. Marine Ecol. Prog. Rep. 147:31-47.
Defeo, O. 1998. Testing hypotheses on recruitment, growth, and mortality in exploited bivalves: An experimental perspective. In: G. Jamieson and A. Campbell (eds.), Proceedings of the North Pacific symposium on invertebrate stock assessment and management. Vol. 125. Canadian Special Publication of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, pp. 257-264.
DeGange, A.R., and J.W. Nelson. 1982. Bald Eagle predation on nocturnal seabirds. Journal of Field Ornithology. 53:407-409.
DeGange, A.R., and M.M. Vacca. 1987. Sea otter mortality at Kodiak Island, Alaska, during summer 1987. J. Mamm. 70:836-838.
DeGange, A.R., and R.H. Day. 1991. Mortality of seabirds in the Japanese land-based gillnet fishery for salmon. The Condor. 93:251-258.
DeGange, A.R., A.M. Doroff and D.H. Monson. 1994. Experimental recovery of sea otter caracasses at Kodiak Island following the Exxon Valdez oil spill. Marine Mammal Science. 10:492-496.
DeGange, A.R. 1996. A conservation assessment for the Marbled Murrelet in Southeast Alaska. USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station. Portland, Oregon.
DeGoursey, R.E., and L.L. Stewart. 1985. Spider crab podding behavior and mass molting. Underwater Naturalist. 15:13-16.
Degoursey, R.E., and P.J. Auster. 1992. A mating aggregation of the spider crab (Libinia emarginata). Journal of Northwest Atlantic Fishery Science. 13:77-82.
Dehalt, A.C. 1982. Zooplankton resources and humpback whale (Megaptera novaeangliae) feeding ecology in south-east Alaska. M.S. Thesis, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia. pp.
deJonge, V.N., and K. Essink. 1989. Long-term changes in nutrient loads and primary and secondary producers in the Dutch Wadden Sea. Olsen & Olsen. Caen, France.
Dekker, D. 1989. Population fluctuations and spatial relationships among wolves (Canis lupus), coyotes (Canis latrans), and red foxes (Vulpes vulpes), in Jasper National Park, Alberta. Can. Field-Nat. 103:261-264.
Delaney, D.K., T.G. Grubb, P. Beier, L.L. Pater, and M.H. Reiser. 1999. Effects of helicopter noise on Mexican spotted owls. Journal of Wildlife Management. 63:1999.
DeLong, D.M. 1966. Insects. Ohio State University, Institute of Polar Studies. Columbus.
DeLong, D.M. 1970. An Alaskan leaf-hopper that lives normally beneath icy tidal submergence. Ohio Journal of Science. 70:111.
Demartini, E.E. 1993. Modeling the potential of fishery reserves for managing Pacific coral reef fishes. Fish. Bull. 91:414-427.
DeMaster, D.P., D.J. Miller, D. Goodman, R.L. Delong, and B.S. Stewart. 1982. Assessment of California sea lion fishery interactions. Wildlife Management Institute. Portland, Oregon.
DeMaster, D.P., R.L. DeLong, and B.S. Stewart. 1988. Pinniped Monitoring Handbook. U.S. National Park Service, Channel Islands National Park. Ventura, CA.
DeMont, M.E. 1990. Tuned oscillations in the swimming scallop (Pecten maximus). Can. J. Zool. 68:786-791.
Demorest, M. 1943. Ice sheets. Geological Society of America Bulletin. 54:363-399.
Demory, D. 1985. An overview of Oregon Dungeness crab fishery with management concepts for the future. Alaska Sea Grant College Program. Fairbanks, Alaska.
Dennis, T.E., and P.D. Shaughnessy. 1999. Seal survey in the Great Australian Bight. Wildlife Research. 26:383-388.
Department of the Interior. 1999. Glacier Bay National Park, AK; Commercial Fishing Regulations Final Rule. Fed. Reg. 64:56455-56464.
Deriso, R.B., and T.J. Quinn II. 1983. Estimates of biomass, surplus production, and reproductive value. IPHC Sci. Rep. 67:55-89.
Derksen, S.J. 1974. Raised marine terraces southeast of Lituya Bay, Alaska. M.S. Thesis, Ohio State University, Department of Geology, Columbus. pp.
Derksen, S.J. 1975. Glacial geology. U.S National Park Service.
Derksen, S.J. 1976. Glacial geology of the Brady Glacier region, Alaska. Ohio State University, Institute of Polar Studies. Columbus.
Derksen, S.J. 1977. Glacial geology. U.S. National Park Service.
Deschu, N. 1990. Hydrological data collected on the Tatshenshini and Alsek rivers in Canada and the U.S., August 6-12, 1990. U.S. National Park Service.
Deschu, N., D. Thompson, H. Seitz, and K. Thompson. 1995. International gaging station established on the Alsek River. U.S. National Park Service, Alaska Regional Office.
Dethier, M.N. 1980. Tidepools as refuges: predation and the limits of the harpacticoid copepod (Tigriopus californicus) (Baker). Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology. 42:99-111.
Dethier, M.N., and D.O. Duggins. 1988. Variation in strong interactions in the intertidal zone along a geographical gradient: a Washington-Alaska comparison. Marine Ecol. Prog. Rep. 50:97-105.
Dettmers, R., and J. Bart. 1999. A GIS modeling method applied to predict forest songbird habitat. Ecol. Appl. 9:152-163.
Devaney, L., M. Rivers, and K.A. Russell. 1985. Bartlett Cove breeding bird census. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Devillers, P. 1972. The juvenal plumage of Kittlitz's murrelet. California Birds. 3:33-38.
Dew, C.B. 1990. Behavioral ecology of podding red king crab, (Paralithodes camtschatica). Can J Fish Aquat Sci. 47:1944-1958.
Dew, C.B. 1990. Behavioral ecology of podding red king crab, Paralithodes camtschatica. Anchorage, Alaska.
Dexheimer, M., and W.E. Southern. 1974. Breeding success relative to nest location and density in Ring-billed Gull colonies. 86:288-290.
Dial, R., and J. Roughgarden. 1998. Theory of marine communities: the intermediate disturbance hypothesis. Ecology. 79:1412-1424.
Diamond, N., and D.G. Hankin. 1985. Movements of adult female dungeness crabs (cancer magister) in northern California based on tag recoveries. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 42:919-926.
DiBacco, C., and L.A. Levin. 2000. Development and application of elemental fingerprinting to track the dispersal of marine invertebrate larvae. Limnology and Oceanography. 45:871-880.
Dickie, L.M., R.G. Dowd, and P.R. Boudreau. 1983. An echo counting and logging system (ECOLOG) for demersal fish size distributions and densities. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 40:487-498.
Diehl, S. 1992. Fish predation and benthic community structure: the role of omnivory and habitat complexity. Ecology. 73:1646-1661.
Dierauf, L.A., V.M.|D. 1994. Pinniped forensic, necropsy and tissue collection guide. NOAA, NMFS.
Digby, S.A. 1984. Remote sensing of drained ice areas around the breathing holes of ice-inhabiting seals. Can. J. Zool. 62:1011-1014.
Digby, P.E.N., and R.A. Kempton. 1987. Multivariate analysis of ecological communities. Chapman and Hall, London. pp.
Diggle, P.J. 1983. Statistical Analysis of Spatial Point Patterns. Academic Press, New York. pp.
Diggle, P.J. 1985. A kernel method for smoothing point process data. Appl. Stat. 34:138-147.
Dight, I.J., M.K. James, and L. Bode. 1990. Modelling the larval dispersal of Acanthaster planci: patterns of reef connectivity. Coral Reefs. 9:125-134.
Dight, I.J., L. Bode, and M.K. James. 1990. Modelling the larval dispersal of Acanthaster planci: large scale hydrodynamics, Cairns Section, Great Barier Reef Marine Park. Coral Reefs. 9:115-123.
Dill, L.M. 1983. Adaptive flexability in the foraging behavior of fishes. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 40:398-408.
Dinneford, B. 1984. Mountain goat composition counts, 7-24 and 8-6, Lower Alsek area. Alaska Department of Fish and Game.
Dinneford, B. 1990. Moose colonization of post-glacial sites in southeast Alaska. U.S. National Park Service. Glacier Bay National Park & Preserve, AK. 1988.
Dinnel, P.A., D.A. Armstrong, and C. Dungan. 1985. Initiation of a Dungeness crab, (Cancer magister), habitat study in North Puget Sound. In: B.R. Meleff (ed.), Proceedings of the symposium on Dungeness crab biology and management. Vol. Alaska Sea Grant College Program, Fairbanks, Alaska, pp. 327-340.
Dinnel, P.A., D.A. Armstrong, and R.O. McMillan. 1993. Evidence for multiple recruitment-cohorts of Puget Sound Dungeness crab, Cancer magister. Mar. Behav. and Physiol. 115:53-63.
Divinyi, C.A. 1971. Growth and movements of a known-age harbor seal. Journal of Mammology. 52:824.
Divoky*, G.J., K.L. Oakley, and H.R. Huber. 1979. Pomarine Jaeger preys on adult Black-legged Kittiwake. Wilson Bulletin. 91:329.
Dixon, P.M., A.R. Olsen, and B.M. Kahn. Invited feature: measuring trends in ecological resources. Ecological Society of America.
Dixon, J.S. 1932. Wildlife field notes, Glacier Bay National Monument. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Dixon, J. 1938. Special report on the non-game birds observed or collected at Glacier Bay, Alaska, 1907 Alexander Expedition.
Dixon, K.R., and J.A. Chapman. 1980. Harmonic mean measure of animal activity areas. Ecology. 61:1040-1044.
Dixon, J.A. 1993. Economic benefits of marine protected areas.
Dixon, P. 1994. Testing spatial segregation using a nearest-neighbor contingency table. Ecology. 75:1940-1948.
Dixon, P.M., A.R. Olsen, and B.M. Kahn. 1998. Measuring trends in ecological resources. Ecol. Appl. 225-227.
Dixon, P.A., M.J. Milicich, and G. Sugihara. 1999. Episodic fluctuations in larval supply. Scientific Reports Whales Research Institute, Tokyo. 283:1528-1530.
Dizon, A.E., C. Lockyer, W.F. Perrin, D.P. DeMaster, and J. Sisson. 1991. Rethinking the stock concept: a phylogeographic approach. Cons. Biology. 6(1):24-36.
Dizon, A.E., S.J. Chivers, and W.F. Perrin. 1994. Molecular genetics of marine mammals - report of the workshop. Society for Marine Mammology. 3.
Dizon, A., C.S. Baker, F. Cipriano, G. Lento, P. Palsboll, and R. Reeves. 2000. Molecular genetic identification of whales, dolphins, and porpoises: proceedings of a workshop on forensic use of molecular techniques to identify wildlife products in the marketpalce. U. S. Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. La Jollo, CA.
Doak, D.F. 1995. Source-sink models and the problem of habitat degradation: General models and applications to the Yellowstone grizzly. Cons. Biology. 9:1370-1379.
Doake, C.S.M. 1976. Thermodynamics of the inter-action between ice shelves and the sea. Polar Research. 18(112):37-41.
Dobbin, J.J.D.A.I. 1983. Compilation and mapping of available biological, ecological and socio-economic information bearing on the protection, management and restoration of the southern sea otter. U.S. Department of Interior, Endangered Species Office.
Doerr, J.G. 1983. Home range size, movements and habitat use in two moose, (Alces alces), populations in southeastern Alaska. Can. Field-Nat. 97:79-88.
Doerr, J.G., and M.J. Sigman. 1986. Human use of Pacific herring, shellfish, and selected wildlife species in SE Alaska with an overview of access for noncommercial harvests of fish & wildlife. Alaska Department of Fish and Game, Habitat Div.
DOI-NPS. National parks for the 21st century the Vail agenda. Report and Recommendations to the Director of the National Park Service, Montpelier, Vermont. 142 pp.
Dolloff, C.A., and G.H. Reeves. 1990. Microhabitat partitioning among stream-dwelling juvenile coho salmon, (Oncorhynchus kisutch), and Dolly Varden (Salvelinus malma). Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 47:2297-2306.
Dolphin, W.F. 1987. Prey densities and foraging of humpback whales, (Megaptera novaeangliae). Experientia. 43:468-471.
Dolphin, W.F. 1987. Ventilation and dive patterns of humpback whales, (Megaptera novaeangliae), on their Alaskan feeding grounds. Can. J. Zool. 65:83-90.
Dolphin, W.F. 1987. Dive behavior and estimated energy expenditure of foraging humpback whales in Southeast Alaska. Can. J. Zool. 65:354-362.
Dolphin, W.F. 1987. Observations of humpback whale, Megaptera novangliae - killer whale, Orcinus orca, interactions in Alaska: comparison with terrestrial predator-prey relationships. Can. Field-Nat. 101:70-75.
Dolphin, W.F. 1988. Foraging dive patterns of humpback whales, Megaptera novaeangliae, in southeast Alaska: a cost-benefit analysis. Can. J. Zool. 66:2432-2441.
Domeier, M.L., and C.S.Y. Chun. 1995. A tagging study of the California halibut (Paralichthys californicus). California Cooperative Oceanic Fisheries Investigations Reports. 36:204-207.
Donaldson, W.E., and D.M. Hicks. 1978. A bibliography of selected references to the tanner crab genus Chionoecetes: Species: (C. bairdi) (Fabricius), (C. opilio) (Rathbun), (C. tanneri) (Rathbun), (C. angulatus) (Rathbun), (C. japonicus) (Rathbun). Alaska Department of Fish and Game.
Donaldson, W.E. 1980. Movements of tagged male tanner crabs (Chionoecetes bairdi), liberated off Kodiak Island, Alaska. Alaska Department of Fish and Game.
Donaldson, W.E., and D.M. Hicks. 1980. Explorations for the tanner crab (Chionoecetes bairdi) off the coasts of Kodiak Island, the Alaska Peninsula, and Aleutian Islands, 1978 and 1979. Alaska Department of Fish and Game.
Donaldson, W.E., J.R. Hilsinger, and R.T. Cooney. 1980. Growth, age, and size at maturity of tanner crab (Chionoecetes bairdi), in the northern Gulf of Alaska. Alaska Department of Fish and Game.
Donaldson, W.E. 1983. Movements of tagged males of Tanner crab Chionoecetes bairdi Rathbun off Kodiak Island, Alaska. Journal of Shellfish Research [J. SHELLFISH RES.]. 3:195-201.
Donaldson, W.E., and A.E. Adams. 1986. An ethogram and description of mating behavior for the tanner crab, (Chionoecetes bairdi) (M.J. Rathbun). Alaska Department of Fish and Game.
Donaldson, W., and C. Trowbridge. 1988. 1988 Orca Inlet Dungeness crab survey. Alaska Department of Fish and Game, Commercial Fisheries Management and Development Division. Anchorage.
Donaldson, W. 1988. Population assessment trawl survey for the Tanner crab, Chionoecetes bairdi, around Kodiak Island, 1986. Alaska Department of Fish and Game.
Donaldson, W.E., and A.E. Adams. 1989. Ethogram of behavior with emphasis on mating for the Tanner crab Chionoecetes bairdi Rathbun. Journal of Crustacean Biology. 9:37-53.
Donaldson, W.E., and W.K. Donaldson. 1992. A review of the history and justification for size limits in Alaskan king, Tanner, and snow crab fisheries. Ak. Dept. Fish & Game, Div. Comm. Fish. Manage. Dev., Fish. Res. Bull. 92-02:1-21.
Donaldson, W.E., D. Schmidt, L. Watson, and D. Pengilly. 1992. Development of a technique to tag adult red king crab, Paralithodes camtschatica (Tilesius, 1815), with passive integrated transponder tags. J Shellfish Res. 11:91-94.
Donaldson, W.E., S. Byersdorfer, D. Pengilly, and S.F. Blau. 1992. Growth of red king crab, Paralithodes camtschatica (Tilesius, 1815), in artificial habitat collectors at Kodiak, Alaska. J Shellfish Res. 11:85-89.
Donaldson, W.E. 1996. Development of an expert computer vision-based crab classification system. Alaska Sea Grant College Program. Anchorage, AK. 96-02.
Donaldson, W.E. 1997. Literature compilation on tagging red king crabs in Alaska from initial efforts in 1954 through 1969. AK. Fish. Res. Bull. 4:110-119.
Doncaster, C.P. 1990. Non-parametric estimates of interaction from radio-tracking data. J. Zool., Lond. 143:431-443.
Doncaster, C.P., and R. Woodroffe. 1993. Den Site Can Determine Shape and Size of Badger Territories Implications for Group-Living. Oikos. 66:88-93.
Donnelly, R.E., J.M. Caffrey, and D.M. Tierney. 1998. Movements of a bream (Abramis brama (L.)), rudd x bream hybrid, tench (Tinca tinca (L.)) and pike (Esox lucius (L.)) in an Irish canal habitat. Hydrobiologia. 371-372:305-308.
Dons, B.A.C., and K. Rennolls. 1983. A home range model incorporating biological attraction points. J. Amer. Stat. Assoc. 52:69-81.
Doroff, A., and C. Gorbics. 1998. Sea otter surveys of Yakutat Bay and adjacent Gulf of Alaska coastal areas- Cape Hinchinbrook to Cape Spencer 1995-1996. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Marine mammals management.
Dorsey, E.M., W.J. Richardson, and B. Würsig. 1989. Factors affecting surfacing, respiration, and dive behaviour of Bowhead Whales, (Balaena mysticetus), summering in the Beaufort Sea. 67:1801-1815.
Dorsey, E.M., S.J. Stern, A.R. Hoelzel, and J. Jacobsen. 1990. Minke whales (Balaenoptera acutorostrata) from the west coast of North America: individual recognition and small-scale site fidelity. Rep. Int. Whal. Commn., Special Issue. 12:357-368.
Douglas-Hamilton, I. 1973. On the ecology and behavior of the Lake Manyara elephants. E. Afr. Wildl. J. 11:401-403.
Dow, D., and Braasch. 1996. The health of the gulf of maine ecosystem: cumulative impacts of multiple stressors. Regional association for research on the Gulf of Maine. Hanover, NH.
Downing, C. Undated. Glacier Bay National Monument Bibliography 1904-1971. Alaska Cooperative Park Studies Unit.
Dragoo, B.K., and K. Sundseth. 1993. The status of Northern Fulmars, kittiwakes, and murres at St. George Island, Alaska, in 1992. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Homer, Alaska.
Dragoo, D.E., and B.K. Dragoo. 1996. Results of productivity monitoring of kittiwakes and murres at St. George Island, Alaska in 1995. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Alaska Maritime National Wildlife Refuge. Homer, Alaska.
Drinkwater, K.F. 1996. Atmospheric and oceanic variability in the Northwest Atlantic during the 1980s and early 1990s. 18:77-97.
Drinkwater, K.F., R.G. Pettipas, W.M. Petrie, and D.P. Swain. 1997. Temperature conditions in the Gulf of St. Lawrence and on the Scotian Shelf during 1996 relevant to snow crab. Department of Fisheries and Oceans.
Drinkwater, K.F., R. Pettipas, and L. Petrie. 1998. Physical oceanographic conditions on the Scotian Shelf and in the Gulf of Maine during 1997. Department of Fisheries and Oceans, Maritimes Region. Dartmouth, N.S.
Drinkwater, K.F., R.G. Pettipas, W.M. Petrie, and D.P. Swain. 1998. Temperature conditions in the Gulf of St. Lawrence and on the Scotian Shelf during 1997 relevant to snow crab. Department of Fisheries and Oceans.
Drucker, P. 1958. The native brotherhoods: modern intertribal organizations on the Northwest coast. Smithsonian Institution
Bureau of American ethnology. Washington, D.C.
Drummer, T.D., A.R. Degange, L.L. Pank, and L.L. McDonald. 1990. Adjusting for group size influence in line transect sampling. Journal of Wildlife Management. 54:511-514.
Drury, W.H. 1973. Population changes in New England seabirds. Bird-Banding. 44:267-313; 45: 1-15.
Drury, W.H. 1977. Studies of populations, community structure and ecology of marine birds at King Island, Bering Strait region, Alaska. U.S. Department of Commerce, NOAA. Boulder, Colorado.
Drury, W.H. 1978. Kittiwake workshop summary. Victoria, British Columbia.
Drury, W.H., C. Ramsdell, and J.B. French, Jr. 1981. Ecological Studies in the Bering Strait Region. U.S. Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Fairbanks, Alaska.
Ducrotoy, J.-P., and B. Sylvand. 1989. Baie des Veys and baie de Somme (English Channel): comparison of two macrotidal ecosystems. Olsen & Olsen. Caen, France.
Dufault, S., and H. Whitehead. 1995. An assessment of changes with time in the marking patterns used for photoidentification of individual sperm whales, Physeter macrocephalus. Marine Mammal Science. 11:335-343.
Duffus, D.A., and P. Deardon. 1990. Non-consumptive wildlife-oriented recreation: a conceptual framework. Bio. Cons. 53:
Duffy, D.C. 1981. Seasonal changes in the seabird fauna of Peru. Ardea. 69:109-113.
Duffy, D.C. 1983. The foraging ecology of Peruvian seabirds. Auk. 100:800-810.
Duffy, D.C. 1983. Environmental uncertainty and commercial fishing: effects on Peruvian guano birds. Bio. Cons. 26:227-238.
Duffy, D.C. 1983. The ecology of tick parasitism on densely nesting Peruvian seabirds. Ecology. 64:110-119.
Duffy, D.C. 1983. Competition for nesting space among Peruvian guano birds. Auk. 100:680-688.
Duffy, D.C. 1989. Seabird foraging aggregations: A comparison of two southern upwellings. Colonial Waterbirds. 12:164-175.
Dufour, R., and R. Bailey. 1990. Snow crab growth and stock size estimations obtained with coded wire tags in the St. Lawrence estuary. Anchorage, Alaska.
Dufour, R., and B. Sainte-Marie. 1998. Snow crab growth and stock size estimations obtained with coded wire tags in the St. Lawrence estuary. Department of Fisheries and Oceans, Atlantic Fisheries.
Dufour, R., and B. Sainte-Marie. 1998. Snow crab of the estuary and Northern Gulf of St. Lawrence. Atlantic Fisheries.
Dufour, R. 1998. Scotian Shelf red crab. Department of Fisheries and Oceans.
DuFresne, J., K. Leghorn, E. Fogels, and J. Sloss. 1987. Glacier Bay National Park, a back-country guide to the glaciers and beyond. Mountaineers, Seattle, WA. 152 pp.
Dugan, J.E. 1992. The role of fisheries refugia in protecting marine wilderness values. Portland, OR.
Dugan, J.E. 1992. The role of fisheries refugia in protecting marine wilderness values. Portland, OR.
Dugan, J.E., and G.E. Davis. 1993. Applications of marine refugia to coastal fisheries management. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 50:2029-2042.
Dugan, J.E., and G.E. Davis. 1993. Introduction to the international symposium on marine harvest refugia. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 50:1991-1992.
Duggins, D.O., and J.F. Quinn. Keystone predators and marine community structure. University of Washington.
Duggins, D.O. Glacier Bay affords management textbook example of interaction. Park Science. 8-9.
Duggins, D.O., and J.F. Quinn. 1977. Keystone predators and marine community structure. U.S. National Park Service.
Duggins, D., and J. Quinn. 1979. The intertidal life of Bartlett Cove. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve, 38 pp.
Duggins, D.O. 1980. Kelp beds and sea otters: an experimental approach. Ecology. 61:447-453.
Duggins, D.O. 1980. Kelp dominated communities: experimental studies on the relationships between sea urchins, their predators and their algal resources. Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Washington, Seattle, pp.
Duggins, D.O., and M.N. Dethier. 1980. Progress report on studies concerning the ecology and community role of the low-intertidal Chiton (Katharina tunicata). University of Washington, Marine Laboratory.
Duggins, D.O. 1981. Sea urchins and kelp: the effects of short term changes in urchin diet. Limnology and Oceanography. 26:391-394.
Duggins, D.O. 1981. Interspecies facilitation in a guild of benthic, marine herbivores. Oecol. 48:157-163.
Duggins, D.O. 1983. Starfish predation and the creation of mosaic patterns in a kelp-dominated community. Ecology. 64:1610-1619.
Duggins, D.O., C.A. Simenstad, and J.A. Estes. 1989. Magnification of secondary production by kelp detritus in coastal marine ecosystems. Scientific Reports Whales Research Institute, Tokyo. 245:170-173.
Dukas, R., and S. Ellner. 1993. Information processing and prey detection. Ecology. 74:1337-1346.
Dukas, R., and C.W. Clark. 1995. Searching for cryptic prey: A Dynamic Model. Ecologial Society of America. 76(4):1320-1326.
Dumbauld, B.R., D.A. Armstrong, and R.L. McDonald. 1993. Use of oyster shell to enhance intertidal habitat and mitigate loss of Dungeness Crab (Cancer magister) caused by dredging. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 50:381-390.
Dunbar, M.J. 1957. The determinants of production in northern seas: A study of the biology of Themisto libellula Mandt. Can. J. Zool. 35:797-819.
Duncan, T., and L. Climo. 1991. Scoter Census in the Hugh Miller Area, 1991. U.S. National Park Service.
Duncan, T., and L. Climo. 1991. Beardslee Islands bird and mammal survey, 1991. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Dunn, J.R., and A.C. Matarese. 1987. A Review of the Early Life History of Northeast Pacific Gadoid Fishes. Fisheries Research (Amsterdam). 5:163-184.
Dunnet, G.M. 1977. Observations on the effects of low flying aircraft at seabird colonies on the coast of Aberdeenshire, Scotland. Bio. Cons. 12:55-64.
Dunnet, G.M., R.W. Rurness, M.L. Tasker, and P.H. Becker. 1990. Seabird ecology in the North Sea. Netherlands Journal of Sea Research. 26:387-426.
Dunning Jr., J.B., and D.J. Stewart. 1995. Spatially explicit population models: current forms and future uses. Ecol. Appl. 5:3-11.
Dunway, S. 1906, 1907. Hoonah.
Dupaul, W.D., and R.B. Carnegie. 1993. Observations of the Alaska sea scallop (patinopecten caurinus) fishery off Yakutat Alaska.
Durbin, J., and G.S. Watson. 1971. Testing for serial correlation in least squares regression III. Biometrika. 58:1-19.
Durkin, J.T., K.D. Buchanan, and T.H. Blahm. Dungeness crab leg loss in the Columbia River estuary. Marine Fisheries Review. 22-24.
Durlach, T.M. 1928. The relationship systems of the Tlingit, Haida and Tsimshian. American ethnological Society. New York.
Duston, J., and R.L. Saunders. 1989. The entrainment role of photoperiod on hypoosmoregulatory and growth-related aspects of smolting in Atlantic salmon. Can. J. Zool. 68:707-715.
Duston, J., R.L. Saunders, and D.E. Knox. 1991. Effects of increases in freshwater temperature on loss of smolt characteristics in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 48:164-169.
Dutil, J.D., J. Munro, and M. Peloquin. 1997. Laboratory study of the influence of prey size on vulnerability to cannibalism in snow crab (Chionoecetes opilio O. Fabricius, 1780). Journal of Experimental Biology and Ecology. 212:81-94.
Dutilleul, P., and P. Legendre. 1993. Spatial heterogeneity against heteroscedasticity: an ecological paradigm versus a statistical concept. Oikos. 66:152-171.
Dwernychuk, L.W., and D.A. Boag. 1972. Ducks nesting in association with gulls - an ecological trap? Can. J. Zool. 50:559-563.
Eagles, D.A., and M.S. Laverack. 1987. Relationships between unitary motor and sensory activity in the walking legs of Cancer pagurus(Decapoda, Brachura). Marine Behaviorial Physiology. 13:99-111.
Earhart, H.G. 1984. Monitoring total suspended solids by using nephelometry. Environ. Manage. 8:81-86.
Earnst, S.L. 2000. Alaska loon working group project directory - a description of current loon and grebe monitoring, research, and education projects. Nongame Migratory Bird Branch, Region 7, Migratory Bird Management, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Anchorage.
Easter-Pilcher, A. 1996. Implementing the endangered species act. BioScience. 46:355-363.
Eaton, B., C. Botelho, K. Imamura, T.R. Meyers, and T. Koeneman. 1990. Preliminary results on the seasonality and life cycle of the parasitic dinoflagellate causing bitter crab disease in Tanner crabs. Anchorage, Alaska.
Eberhardt, L.L., and D.B. Siniff. 1977. Population dynamics and marine mammal management policies. Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada. 34:183-190.
Eberhardt, L.L. 1978. Transect methods for population studies. Journal of Wildlife Management. 42:1-31.
Eberhardt, L.L., D.G. Chapman, and J.R. Gilbert. 1979. A review of marine mammal census methods. Wildlife Monographs. 63:1-46.
Eberhardt, L.L., D.G. Chapman, and J.R. Gilbert. 1979. Wildlife Monographs. The Wildlife Society, pp.
Eberhardt, L.L., and D.B. Siniff. 1988. Population model for Alaska Peninsula sea otters. U.S. Department of the Interior.
Eberhardt, L.L., and J.M. Thomas. 1991. Designing Environmental Feild Studies. Ecol. Monogr. 61:53-74.
Eberhardt, L.L. 1994. Estimating sea otter reproductive rates. Mar. Mamm. Sci. 10:31-37.
Ebert, E.E. 1968. A food habits study of the southern sea otter, Enhydra lutris nereis. California Fish and Game.
Ebert, E.E., A.W. Hazeltine, J. Houk, and R.O. Kelley. 1983. Laboratory cultivation of the Dungeness crab, Cancer magister. In: P.W. Wild and R.N. Tasto (eds.), Life history, environment, and mariculture studies of the Dungeness crab, (Cancer magister), with emphasis on the central California fishery resource. Vol. 172. California Department of Fish and Game, pp. 259-310.
Ebert, D.A., L.J.V. Compagno, and L.J. Natanson. 1987. Biological Notes on the Pacific Sleeper Shark, Somniosus pacificus (Chondrichthyes: Squalidae). Calif. Fish and Game. 73:117-123.
Ebert, D.A. 1991. Observations on the predatory behavior of the sevengill shark notorynchus cepadianus. South African journal of marine science. 11:455-465.
Edds, P.L. 1987. Occurrence and general behavior of balaenopterid cetaceans summering in the St. Lawrence Estuary, Canada. Can. J. Zool. 65:1363-1376.
Edds, D.R. 1993. Fish assemblage structure and environmental correlates in Nepal's Gandaki river. Copeia. 1:48-60.
Edgar, G.J., J. Moverley, N.S. Barrett, D. Peters, and C. Reed. 1997. The conservation-related benefits of a systematic marine biological sampling programme: The Tasmanian reef bioregionalisation as a case study. Biological Conservation [BIOL. CONSERV.]. 79:227-240.
Edgar, G.J., and N.S. Barrett. 1997. Short term monitoring of biotic change in Tasmanian marine reserves. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology. 213:261-279.
Edgar, G.J., and N.S. Barrett. 1999. Effects of the declaration of marine reserves on Tasmanian reef fishes, invertebrates and plants. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology. 242:107-144.
Edge, D.W., L.C. Marcum, and S.L. Olson-Edge. 1988`. Summer forage and feeding site selection by elk. J. Wildl. Manage. 52:573-577.
editors, A. 19975. Vanishing giants: a biography. Audubon. 77:92-107.
Edley, M.T., and R. Law. 1988. Evolution of life histories and yields in experimental populations of Daphnia magna. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society. 34:309-326.
Edmunds, M. 1992. New methods and applications: visible implant microtags. Lobster Newsletter. 5:13.
Edwards, E. 1989. Crab fisheries and their management in the British Isles. In: J.F. Caddy (ed.), Marine invertebrate fisheries: their assessment and management. Vol. John Wiley and Sons, Rome, Italy, pp. 241-258.
Edwards, D. 1998. Issues and themes for natural resources trend and change detection. Ecol. Appl. 323-325.
Edwards, D. 1998. Issues and themes for natural resources trend and c hange detection. Ecol. Appl. 8:323-325.
Efron, B. 1982. The jackknife, the bootstrap, and other resampling plans. Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics, Philadelphia. pp.
Efron, B., and R. Tibshirani. 1986. Bootstrap methods for standard errors, confidence intervals, and other measures of statistical accuracy. Statistical Science. 1:54-77.
Egan, T. Sea's bounty fading.
Egan, T. 1994. Sea's bounty fading. Anchorage, AK.
Eggers, D.M. 1989. An overview of the application of stock identification methods in the management of Alaskan salmon fisheries. Alaska Department of Fish and Game, Division of Commercial Fisheries, Juneau, AK. Yuzno Sakhalinsk, U.S.S.R. 1989.
Eggers, D.M. 1993. Robust harvest policies for Pacific salmon fisheries. Alaska Sea Grant College Program. Anchorage, Alaska. 93-02.
Eggleston, D.B., and D.A. Armstrong. 1994. Larval supply, active substrate selection, and post-settlement survival as determinants of estuarine dungeness crab recruitment. Bulletin Of The Ecological Society Of America. 75:61.
Eggleston, D.B., and D.A. Armstrong. 1995. Pre- and post-settlement determinants of estuarine Dungeness crab recruitment. Ecol. Monogr. 65:193-216.
Eglitis, A. 1982. Spruce beetle, Glacier Bay National Park. U.S. Forest Service, State and Private Forestry, Anchorage, AK.
Eglitis, A. 1985. Permanent plots for monitoring population trends of the spruce beetle in Glacier Bay National Park. U.S. Forest Service, State and Private Forestry, Anchorage, AK.
Eglitis, A. 1986. Spruce beetle, Glacier Bay National Park. U.S. Forest Service, State and Private Forestry, Anchorage, AK.
Eglitis, A. 1987. Spruce beetle in Glacier Bay National Park: 1986 update, July 1987. U.S. Forest Service, State and Private Forestry, Anchorage, AK.
Eglitis, A. 1988. Spruce beetle in Glacier Bay National Park: 1987 update. U.S. Forest Service.
Ehrenreich, B. 1991. Science, lies and the ultimate truth. Time. 66.
Ehrlich, G. 1988. Time on ice: images and encounters in the Arctic. Harper's Magazine. 68-72.
Eichbaum, W. 1994. Coastal management and policy. In: Environmental science in the coastal zone: issues for further research. Vol. National Academy Press, Washington D.C, pp. 149-154.
Eichbaum, W.M., and M.P. Crosby. 1996. The role of marine and coastal protected areas in the conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity. Oceanography. 9, No. 1:60-70.
Eiler, J.H., and e. al. 1988. Distribution, stock composition, and location and habitat type of spawning areas used by sockeye salmon on the Taku river. National Marine Fisheries Service, Auke Bay Laboratory.
Eiler, J.H. 1989. Use of radio telemetry for studying fish in large turbid rivers. University of Arkansas Press. Fayetteville, Arkansas. 1988.
Eiler, J.H. 1990. Radio transmitters used to study salmon in glacial rivers.
Eiler, J.H., B.D. Nelson, and R.F. Bradshaw. 1992. Riverine spawning by sockeye salmon in the Taku River, Alaska and British Columbia. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society. 121:701-708.
Eisenhawer, A.E., and T.E. Reimchen. 1990. Inland flight patterns of marbled murrelets (Brachyramphus marmoratus), on the Queen Charlotte Islands, British Columbia. Can. Field-Nat. 104:439-444.
Elder, C. 1975. Hiking in Muir Inlet, Glacier Bay National Monument, Alaska. U.S. National Park Service, Juneau, AK. 38 pp.
Elder, C. 1978. Glacier Bay: monument to an ice age. National Parks and Conservation. 52:4-9.
Elder, C., T. Morrow, and L. Sharman. 1996. Restoration of disturbed ground on the terminal moraine, Bartlett Cove: report on a revegetation program following construction of new employee housing. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Eldgridge, P. 1972. The weathervane scallop fishery.
Eldredge, M. The last wild place: marine reserves and reef fish. 3-16.
Eldredge, M. Stellwagen Bank, New England's first sancturary. Oceanus. 72.
Eldridge, P. Tanner crab fishery in the Gulf of Alaska.
elementary, H. 1993. You can hear our voices forever. Hoonah, AK. pp.
Elias, S.A. 1995. The ice-age history of alaskan national parks. Elias, S. A. The Ice-Age History Of Alaskan National Parks. X+150p. Smithsonian Institution Press: Washington, Dc, Usa; London, England, Uk. 156.
Ellanna, L.J., and G.K. Sherrod. 1984. The roll of kinship linkages in subsistence production: some implications for community organization. Alaska department of fish and game. Juneau, AK.
Elliott, J.E., and D.G. Noble. 1990. Chlorinated hydrocarbon contaminants in marine birds of the temerate North Pacific. Canadian Wildlife Service. Royal British Columbia Museum, Victoria, B.C.
Elliott, M., and J.P. Ducrotoy (eds). 1991. Estuaries and coasts: spatial and temporal intercomparisons. ECSA19 Symposium. Olsen & Olsen, Fredensborg, Denmark.
Elliott, M., and J.P. Ducrotoy. 1991. The future direction of studies on spatial and temporal comparisons of coasts and estuaries (Concluding Paper). Olsen & Olsen. University of Caen, France.
Ellis, R. 1976. List of insects and spiders crawling on snow, Berg Creek, Adams Inlet, 1/28/76.
Ellis, J.E., J.A. Wiens, C.F. Rodell, and J.C. Anway. 1976. A conceptual model of diet selection as an ecosystem process. J. Zool., Lond. 60:93-108.
Ellis, G. (ed). 1984. Killer whales of southern Alaska, a catalogue of individuals photo-identified in 1984. Hubbs Sea World Research Institute, San Diego, CA.
Ellis, H.I. 1984. Energetics of free-ranging seabirds. In: G.C. Whittow and H. Rahn (eds.), Seabird Energetics. Vol. Plenum Press, New York, pp. 203-234.
Ellner, S., and P. Turchin. 1995. Chaos in a noisy world: new methods and evidence from Time-series Analysis. The American Naturalist. 145,no.3:343-375.
Ellson, J.G., and R. Livinstone Jr. 1952. The John N. Cobb's shellfish explorations in certain Southeastern Alaskan waters, spring 1951. Washington 25, D.C. 14:
Elner, R.W., and G.S. Jamieson. 1979. Predation of sea scallops, Placopecten magellanicus, by the rock crab, Cancer irroratus, and the American lobster, Homarus americanus. Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada. 36:537-543.
Elner, R. 1987. Stock definition and larval mixing in the snow crab, Chionoecetes opilio. Canada Department of Fisheries and Oceans. Montreal, Quebec.
Elner, R.W. 1992. The reproductive biology of snow crab, Chionoecetes opilio: a synthesis of recent contributions. Amer. Zool. 32:524-533.
Elner, R., and P. Beninger. 1995. Multiple reproductive strategies in snow crab, Chionoecetes opilio: Physiological pathways and behavioral plasticity. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 193:1-2.
Emery, L., and R. Wydoski. 1987. Marking and tagging of aquatic animals: an indexed bibliography. United States Department of the Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service, Washington, D.C. pp.
Emlen, J.M., R.R. Reisenbichler, A.M. McGie, and T.E. Nickelson. 1990. Density-dependence at sea for coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch). Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 47:1765-1772.
Emlen, J.T. 1992. Counting birds: the problem of variable hearing abilities. Journal of Field Ornithology. 63:26-31.
Emmett, R.L., and J.T. Durkin. 1985. The Columbia River Estuary: an important nursery for Dungeness crabs, (Cancer magister). Marine Fisheries Review. 47:21-25.
Emmett, R.L., S.L. Stone, S.A. Hinton, and M.E. Monaco. 1991. Distribution and abundance of fishes and invertebrates in west coast estuaries: Volume II: species life history summaries. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Strategic Environmental Assessments Divison, Rockville, MD.
Emmons, G.T. 1911. Native account of the meeting between La Perouse and the Tlingits. American Anthropology. New Series 13:294-298.
Emmons, G.T. 1991. The Tlingit Indians. University of Washington Press, Seattle. 489 pp.
Emson, R.H., and J.D. Woodley. 1987. Submersible and laboratory observations on Asteroschema tenue, a long-armed euryaline brittle star epizoic on gorgonians. Mar. Behav. and Physiol. 96:31-45.
Emson, R.H., P.V. Mladenov, and K. Barrow. 1991. The feeding mechanism of the basket star Gorgonocephalus arcticus. Can. J. Zool. 69:449-455.
Endo, Y. Undated. Life histories of the common Euphausiids of Southeast Alaska.
Engelhardt, F.R. 1987. Assessment of the vulnerability of marine mammals to oil pollution. In: J. Kuiper and W.J. Van Den Brink (eds.), Fate and Effects of Oil in Marine Ecosystems. Vol. Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, Dordrecht/Boston/Lancaster, pp. 101-115.
Englund, K.A. 1984. Dialects of killer whales (Orcinus orca). The Environmental Field Program, University of California at Santa Cruz
Hubbs-Sea World Research Institute, San Diego.
Engqvist, A. 1990. Accuracy in material budget estimates with regard to temporal and spatial resolution of monitored factors. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science. 30:299-320.
Engstrom, D., and H. Wright. 1986. Early lake ontogeny following neoglacial recession at Glacier Bay, Alaska.
Engstrom, D.R., B.C.S. Hansen, and H.E. Wright Jr. 1990. A possible younger dryas record in southeastern Alaska. Scientific Reports Whales Research Institute, Tokyo. 250:1383-1385.
Engstrom, D.R., and S.C. Fritz. 1990. Early lake ontogeny following neoglacial ice recession at Glacier Bay, Alaska. U.S. National Park Service. Glacier Bay National Park & Preserve, AK.
Ennos, R. 1990. Insect flight: unconventional aerodynamics. Nature. 344:491.
Environment Canada-Canadian Parks Service. 1994. Kluane National Park Reserve 1993 annual bear report. Department of Canadian Heritage, Canadian Parks Service, Kluane National Park Reserve. Haines Junction, Yukon.
Eppenbach, S. 1991. Alaska's vast national parks showcase the state's varied wilderness. Alaska Airlines Magazine. 20-25.
Eppley, Z.A. 1986. Pelagic distribution of marine birds of the North Aleutian Shelf and analysis of encounter probability. NOAA. Anchorage, Alaska.
Erickson, A.W., M.B. Hanson, and F.L. Felleman. 1987. Habitat utilization of two radio tagged transient killer whales (Orcinus orca). Society of Marine Mammalogy. Miami, FL.
Erickson, A.W., L.J. Bledsoe, and M.B. Hanson. 1989. Bootstrap correction for diurnal activity cycle in census data for Antarctic seals. Marine Mammal Science. 5:29-56.
Erwin, R.M. 1988. Correlates of nest-defense behavior of Common Terns. Journal of Field Ornithology. 59:135-142.
Escorza, S., C.A. Lux, and A.S. Costa. 1997. Methods of DNA extraction: from initial tissue preservation to purified DNA storage. In: A.E. Dizon, S.J. Chivers and W.F. Perrin (eds.), Molecular Genetics of Marine Mammals. Vol. 3. Society for Marine Mammalogy, pp. 87-106.
ESRI. 1998. ArcView. Environmental Systems Research Institute, Inc. Redlands, California.
Estep, K.W., F. MacIntyre, T.T. Noji, B. Stensholt, and T. Oritsland. 1994. Seal sizes and habitat conditions assessed from aerial photography and video analysis. International Council for the Exploration of the Sea. 51:253-261.
Estes, J.A., R.J. Jameson, and A.M. Johnson. Food selection and some foraging tactics of sea otters.
Estes, J.A., and C. Harrold. Sea otters, sea urchins, and kelp beds: some questions in scale. 116-150.
Estes, J.A., and G.R. VanBlaricom. Patterns, processes and paradigms in communities occupied by sea otters - a view among systems, and through space and time. 210-218.
Estes, J.A., and G.R. VanBlaricom. Sea-otters and shellfisheries. In: Marine mammals and fisheries. Vol. pp.
Estes, J.A., and J.F. Palmisano. 1974. Sea otters: their role in structuring nearshore communities. Scientific Reports Whales Research Institute, Tokyo. 185:1058-1060.
Estes, J.A. 1977. Population estimates and feeding behavior of sea otters. In: M.L. Merritt and R.G. Fuller (eds.), The Environment of Amchitka Island, Alaska. Vol. TID-26712. NTIS, U.S. Dept. of Commerce, Springfield, VA, pp. 511-525.
Estes, J.A., and J.R. Gilbert. 1978. Evaluation of an aerial survey of pacific walruses. J. Fish. Res. Board Can. 35:1130-1140.
Estes, J.A., N.S. Smith, and J.F. Palmisano. 1978. Sea otter predation and community organization in the western Aleutian Islands, Alaska. Ecology. 59:822-833.
Estes, J.A. 1979. Exploitation of marine mammals: r-Selection of K-Strategists? Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada. 36:1009-1017.
Estes, J.A. 1980. Enhydra lutris. Mam. Rev. 133:1-8.
Estes, J.A. 1981. The case of the sea otter. In: Problems in management of locally abundant wild mammals. Vol. Academic Press, pp.
Estes, J.A., R.J. Jameson, and E.B. Rhode. 1982. Activity and prey election in the sea otter: influence of population status on community structure. Am. Nat. 120:242-258.
Estes, J.A., K.E. Underwood, and M.J. Karmann. 1986. Activity-time budgets of sea otters in California. Journal of Wildlife Management. 50:626-636.
Estes, J.A., and P.D. Steinberg. 1988. Predation, herbivory, and kelp evolution. Paleobiology. 14:19-36.
Estes, J.A. 1988. A double-survey estimate for sighting probability of sea otters in California. J. Wildl. Manage. 52:70-76.
Estes, J.A. 1988. A double-survey estimate for sighting probability of sea otters in California. Journal of Wildlife Management. 52:70-76.
Estes, J.A. 1989. Adaptations for aquatic living by carnivores. In: J.L. Gittleman (ed.), Carnivore behavior, ecology, and evolution. Vol. Cornell University Press, pp.
Estes, J.A., D.O. Duggins, and G.B. Rathbun. 1989. The ecology of extinctions in kelp forest communities. Cons. Biology. 3:252-263.
Estes, J.A. 1989. Response to domning. Paleobiology. 15:57-60.
Estes, J.A. 1990. Indices used to assess status of sea otter populations: a reply. Journal of Wildlife Management. 54:270-272.
Estes, J.A. 1990. Growth and equilibrium in sea otter populations. 59:385-401.
Estes, J.A. 1990. Action plan for sea otters. In: Otters: an action plan for their conservation. Vol. IUCN Species Survival Commission, pp. 22-28,94-95.
Estes, J.A., and D.O. Duggins. 1995. Sea otters and kelp forests in Alaska: generality and variation in a community ecological paradigm. Ecol. Monogr. 65:75-100.
Estes, J.A., C.E. Bacon, W.M. Jarman, R.J. Norstrom, R.G. Anthony, and A.K. Miles. 1997. Organochlorines in sea otters and bald eagles from the Aleutian Archipelago. Marine Pollution Bulletin. 34 (6):486-490.
Estes, J.A., M.T. Tinker, T.M. Williams, and D.F. Doak. 1998. Killer whale predation on sea otters linking oceanic and nearshore ecosystems. Scientific Reports Whales Research Institute, Tokyo. 282:473-476.
Evans, P.G.H. (ed). 1980. Auk censusing manual.
Evans, P.G.H. 1987. The Natural history of whales and dolphins. Facts on File, New York. 343 pp.
Evans, R.M. 1990. Effects of low incubation temperatures during the pipped egg stage on hatchability and hatching times in domestic chickens and ring-billed gulls. Can. J. Zool. 68:836-840.
Evans, G. 1996. Reply to Mohn. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 53:2657.
Eveleigh, E.S., and W. Threlfall. 1974. The biology of Ixodes (Ceratixodes) uriae white, 1852 in Newfoundland. Acarologia. 16:621-635.
Everitt, R.D., and H.W. Braham. 1980. Aerial survey of Pacific harbor seals in the southeastern Bering Sea. Northwest Science. 54:281-288.
Everitt, R.D., Gearin, Skidmore, and Delong. 1981. Prey items of harbor seals and California sea lions in Puget Sound, Washington. Murrelet. 62:83-86.
Ewens, W.J. 1987. Minimum viable population size in the presence of catastrophes. In: M.E. Soulé (ed.), Viable Populations for Conservation. Vol. University of Cambridge Press, Cambridge, pp. 59-68.
Exxon Valdez Oil Spill Trustees. 1992. Exxon Valdez oil spill restoration. Volume one: restoration framework. Exxon Valdez Oil Spill Trustee Council, Anchorage. pp.
Eyles, C.H., N. Eyles, and M.B. Lagoe. 1991. The Yakataga formation; a late Miocene to Pleistocene record of temperate glacial marine sedimentation in the Gulf of Alaska. Geological Society of America, Abstracts with Programs. Special paper 261:159-178.
Faegri, K. 1968. A note on the maritime forest limit in southeast Alaska. Arbok Universitetet i Bergen.
Fagen, J.M., and R. Fagen. 1990. Interactions between wildlife viewers and habituated brown bears, 1987-1992. Natural Areas Journal. 14:159-164.
Fagerstone, K.A., and B.E. Johns. 1987. Transponders as permanent identification markers for domestic ferrets, black-footed ferrets, and other wildlife. J. Wildl. manage. 51:294-297.
Fair, L.F. 1997. Analysis of Red King Crab Data from the 1996 ADF&G Trawl Survey of Norton Sound. Ak. Dept. Fish Game, Div. Comm. Fish. Manage. Dev., Reg. Info. Rpt. 3A97-10:1-16.
Fairweather, P.G. 1991. Statistical power and design requirements for environmental monitoring. Aust. J. Mar. Freshwater Res. 42:555-567.
Fairweather, P.G. 1991. Implications of 'supply-side' ecology for environmental assessment and management. Trends in Ecology & Evolution. 6:60-63.
Fairweather, J.A., and J.C. Coulson. 1995. Mate retention in the Kittiwake, Rissa tridactyla, and the significance of nest site tenacity. Anim. Behav. 50:455-464.
Fairweather, J.A., and J.C. Coulson. 1995. The influence of forced site change on the dispersal and breeding of the Black-legged Kittiwake Rissa tridactyla. Colonial Waterbirds. 18:30-40.
Falk, K., and S. Møller. 1997. Breeding ecology of the Fulmar Fulmarus glacialis and the Kittiwake Rissa tridactyla in high-arctic northeastern Greenland, 1993. Ibis. 139:270-281.
FAO/UNEP. 1977. Report of the advisory committee on marine resources, research working party on marine mammals. Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations and United Nations Environment Program.
Farebrother, R.W. 1988. Maximum likelihood estimates of mortality rates from single-release tagging studies. Journal du Conseil Conseil International pour l'Exploration de la Mer. 44:229-234.
Fargo, J.M.S. 1989. Effects of temperature and stock size on year-class production for rock sole (Lepidopsetta bilineata) in northern Hecate Strait, British Columbia. CAN. SPEC. PUBL. FISH.
AQUAT. SCI. 108.
Fargo, J., R.D. Stanley, and H. C. 1991. Sampling requirements for estimating the bycatch of Pacific Halibut (Hippoglossus stenolepis) in the on-bottom trawl fishery in Hecate Strait. Canadian Department of Fisheries and Oceans, Pacific Biological Station, Nanaimo, British Columbia.
Farley, T.C. 1983. The Dungeness research program: direction and organization. In: P.W. Wild and R.N. Tasto (eds.), Life history, environment, and mariculture studies of the Dungeness crab, (Cancer magister), with emphasis on the central California fishery resource. Vol. 172. California Department of Fish and Game, pp. 25-28.
Farmer, C.J., and M.D. Kirchhoff. 1997. Effects of even-aged timber management on survivorship in Sitka black-tailed deer, Southeast Alaska. Alaska Department of Fish and Game.
Farooqi, M.A., and C.E. Morgan. 1996. Elastomer visible implant (EVI) tag retention and the effect of tagging on the growth and survival of barbel, Barbus barbus (L.). Fisheries Management and Ecology. 3:181-183.
Farris, A. 1990. Survey of the 1990 breeding bald eagle population in the Beardslee Islands in Glacier Bay, Alaska. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Fastie, C. 1989. Patterns of biomass and nutrient accumulation during forest succession at Glacier Bay National Park, Alaska.
Fastie, C. 1990. Inference and verification in chronosequence studies at Glacier Bay. U.S. National Park Service. Glacier Bay National Park & Preserve, AK. 1988.
Fastie, C. 1991. Causes and ecosystem effects of multiple successional pathways at Glacier Bay National Park.
Fastie, C.L. 1991. A dendroecological test of a classic successional chronosequence at Glacier Bay National Park, Alaska, Usa. 76th Annual Ecological Society Of America Meeting, San Antonio, Texas, Usa, August 3-8, 1991. Bull Ecol Soc Am. 72:111-112.
Fastie, C.L. 1993. Measured 37-yr changes in soil nitrogen at primary succession sites at Glacier Bay Alaska differ from changes inferred from a chronosequence of sites. 1993 Annual Meeting Of The Ecological Society Of America: Ecology And Global Sustainability, Madison, Wisconsin, Usa, July 31-August 4, 1993. Bull Ecol Soc Am. 74:231.
Fastie, C.L. 1994. Two centuries of primary succession at Glacier Bay, Alaska: a test of a classic glacial retreat chronosequence. Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Alaska, Fairbanks, pp.
Fastie, C.L. 1995. Causes and Ecosystem Consequences of Multiple Pathways of Primary Succession at Glacier Bay, Alaska. Ecology. 76:1899-1916.
Fastie, C.L., and F.S.I. Chapin. 1995. Nitrogen-fixing shrubs alter the accumulation of above- and below-ground organic carbon during primary succession at Glacier Bay, AK. Bulletin Of The Ecological Society Of America. 76:79.
Fastie, C.L. 1995. Evaluating the consequences of species interactions during primary succession at Glacier Bay, Alaska. U.S. National Park Service. Glacier Bay National Park & Preserve, AK. 1993.
Fay, F.H. The role of ice in the ecology of marine mammals of the Bering Sea. In: Ice and marine mammals. Vol. pp. 383-399.
Fay, F.H. 1977. Ecological role of river otter in the marine coastal system of southeastern Alaska. Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska, Fairbanks.
Fay, G., and M. Thomas. 1986. Mountain goat hunter economic expenditure and use survey, southeast Alaska. Alaska Department of Fish and Game, Divisions of Habitat, Game and Subsistence, Juneau.
Fay, F.H., B.P. Kelly, and B.A. Fay. 1990. The ecology and management of walrus populations. Institute of Marine Science, University of Alaska Fairbanks.
Fay, F.H., J.J. Burns, A.A. Kibal'chich, and S. Hills. 1991. Incidence of twin fetuses in walruses (Odebenus rosmarus l.). Northwestern Naturalist. 72:110-113.
Fay, F.H., L.L. Eberhardt, B.P. Kelly, J.J. Burns, and L. Quakenbush. 1997. Status of the Pacific walrus population, 1950-1989. Marine Mammal Science. 13:537-565.
Feare, C.J. 1976. Desertion and abnormal development in a colony of Sooty Terns Sterna fuscata infested by virus-infected ticks. Ibis. 118:112-115.
Feder, H.M., and S. Jewett. 1977. The distribution, abundance and diversity of the epifaunal benthic organisms in two bays (Alitak and Ugak) of Kodiak Island, Alaska. University of Alaska Fairbanks.
Felleman, F.L., J.R. Heimlich-Boran, and R.W. Osborne. 1991. The feeding ecology of killer whales (Orcinus orca) inthe Pacific Northwest. In: K. Pryor and K.S. Norris (eds.), Dolphin Societies. Vol. Univerisity of California Press, Berkeley, CA, pp. 113-144.
Felley, J.D., M. Vecchione, and G.R. Gaston. 1989. Habitat selection by demersal nekton: analysis of videotape data. NORTHEAST GULF SCI. 10:69-84.
Feltz, E.T., and F.H. Fay. 1966. Thermal requirements in vitro of epidermal cells from seals. Cryobiology. 3:261-264.
Feltz, E.T., and F.H. Fay. 1968. Thermal requirements in vitro of epidermal cells from seals. Cryobiology. 3:261-264.
Ferguson, S.H., M.K. Taylor, E.W. Born, and F. Messier. 1998. Fractals, sea-ice landscape and spatial patterns of polar bears. Journal of Biogeography. 25:1081-1092.
Fernandez, M., D.A. Armstrong, and O.O. Iribarne. 1993. First cohort of young-of-the-year Dungeness crab (Cancer magister) reduces abundance of subsequent cohorts in intertidal shell habitat. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 50:2100-2105.
Fernandez, M., O. Iribarne, and D. Armstrong. 1993. Habitat selection by young-of-the-year Dungeness crab (Cancer magister) and predation risk in intertidal habitats. Marine Ecol. Prog. Rep. 92:171-177.
Fernandez, C., and P. Azkona. 1993. Human disturbance affects parental care of marsh harriers and nutritional status of nestlings. Journal of Wildlife Management. 57:602-609.
Fernandez, M., O.O. Iribarne, and D.A. Armstrong. 1994. Swimming behavior of Dungeness crab, Cancer magister Dana, megalopae in still and moving water. Estuaries. 17:271-275.
Ferrero, R.C., W.A. Walker, and M. Gosho. 1991. Preliminary analyses of northern right whale dolphin (Lissodelphis borealis) and Pacific white-sided dolphin (Langenorhynchus obliquidens) age and reproductive parameters from the Japanese squid driftnet fishery, June - November 1990. International North Pacific Fisheries Commission. Tokyo, Japan. 53.
Ferson, S. 1993. Using fuzzy arithmetic in Monte Carlo simulation of fishery populations. Alaska Sea Grant College Program. University of Alaska Fairbanks. 93-02.
Fevolden, S.E., and T. Haug. 1988. Genetic population structure of Atlantic halibut, Hippoglossus hippoglossus. Can J Fish Aquat Sci. 45:2-7.
Fevolden, S.E. 1988. Genetic differentiation of the Iceland scallop Chlamys islandica (Pectinidae) in the northern Atlantic Ocean. Marine Ecol. Prog. Rep. 51:77-86.
Field, W.O. 1921. The Fairweather Range. Appalachian Mountain Club Bulletin. 20:460-472.
Field, W.O. 1937. Observations on Alaskan coastal glaciers in 1935. Geographical Review. 27:63-81.
Field, W.O. 1942. Glacier studies in Alaska, 1941. Geographical Review. 32:154-155.
Field, W.O. 1947. Glacier recession in Muir Inlet, Glacier Bay, Alaska. Geographical Review. 37(3):369-399.
Field, W.O. 1948. Variations of Alaska glaciers 1935-1947.
Field, W.O. 1950. Glaciological research in Alaska. Fairbanks, AK.
Field, W.O. 1951. Report on the northern American glaciers. AIHS. I.
Field, W.O., and C.J. Heusser. 1952. Glaciers - historians of climate. Geographical Review. 42:337-345.
Field, W.O. 1962. Glacier Bay 1926-1961. Prepared for the National Park Service by the Department of Exploration and Field Research, American Geographical Society, New York, N.Y.
Field, W.O. 1964. Observations of glacier variations in Glacier Bay, southeastern Alaska, 1958 and 1961. Department of Exploration and Field Research, American Geographical Society, New York, N.Y. 35 pp.
Field, W.O. 1969. Current observations on three surges in Glacier Bay, Alaska, 1965-1968. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences. 6:831-839.
Field, W.O. 1976. Glaciers of Muir and Wachusett Inlets: photographs taken by the American Geographical Society parties in Glacier Bay National Monument, Alaska, 1961-1976. American Geographical Society.
Field, W.O. 1977. Fiftieth anniversary of Glacier Bay National Monument: my recollections of Glacier Bay in 1926. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Field, W.O. 1977. Notes on photographic coverage of the principal situations in the various inlets of Glacier Bay.
Field, W.O. 1978. Photographic coverage of the glaciers in Glacier Bay National Monument. In: Photographic coverage of the Glaciers in the St. Elias Mountains. Collections of the World Data Center A for the Glaciology and the American Geographic Society.
Field, W.O. 1979. Observations of glacier variations in Glacier Bay National Monument. 5.
Field, W.O. 1981. Photos of glaciers from stations in Queen, Rendu, and Tarr Inlets, of Glacier Bay, taken by American Geographical Society parties from 1964 to 1976. American Geographical Society. Great Barrington, Maine.
Field, W.O. 1982. Visit to Glacier Bay, 1926. Great Barrington, Mass. 50 pp.
Field, W.O. 1983. Photos of glacier variations from 1961-1976, in Johns Hopkins, Hugh Miller, Charpentier, and Giekie Inlets, Glacier Bay, Alaska. American Geographical Society.
Field, W.O., L. Bright, and E. Jones-Toscana. 1983. Glacier photography by the National Park Service in Glacier Bay, August-September, 1982. Great Barrington, Mass. 67 pp.
Field, W.O., K. Heacox, and E. Jones-Toscano. 1984. Glacier photography by the National Park Service, August-September 1983. Great Barrington, Mass. 66 pp.
Field, W.O. 1986. Developments in Wachusett Inlet and at Plateau Glacier. Ohio State University, Byrd Polar Research Center. Columbus.
Field, W.O. 1987. Glacier fluctuations from 1880 to the 1980s in Glacier Bay National Park, Alaska.
Field, W.O. 1988. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve, Alaska: glacier photo coverage, 1940-1987.
Field, W.O. 1988. Historical and currently usable stations for photographing glacier termini in Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve, Alaska: Part II - the glaciers of Rendu, Tarr and Johns Hopkins Inlets and other parts of upper Glacier Bay.
Field, W.O. 1989. A proposed 1989 program of glacial photography in Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Field, W.O. 1989. Compendium of miscellaneous notes and instructions to National Park Service on photo station occupation, 1985-1989.
Field, C., R.J. Miller, and A. Reeves. 2000. Efficient sampling design for larvae of American lobster. Journal of Plankton Research. 22:1299-1309.
Filipek, S. 1988. A rapid field technique for transmitter implantation in paddlefish. Biotelemetr. 388-391.
Fillippi, F. 1900. The ascent of Mount St. Elias. Archibald Constable, Westminster, England. 240 pp.
Finch, D.M., W.M. Block, R.A. Fletcher, and L.F. Fager. 1993. Integrating neotropical migratory birds into forest service plans for ecosystem management.
Finegan, B. 1984. Forest succession. Nature. 321:109-114.
Fink, B.D. 1959. Observation of porpoise predation on a school of Pacific sardines. 45:216-217.
Finley, K.J., G.W. Miller, R.A. Davis, and W.R. Koski. 1983. A distinctive large breeding population of ringed seals (Phoca hispida) inhabiting the Baffin Bay pack ice. Arctic. 36:162-173.
Fisch, G. 1979. Deer pellet deterioration. U.S. Forest Service, Forestry Sciences Laboratory, Juneau. Juneau, Alaska.
Fischer, J., R.L. Haedrich, and P.R. Sinclair. 1997. Interecosystem Impacts of Forage Fish Fisheries. University of Newfoundland. St John's, Newfoundland.
Fiscus, C.H. 1961. Growth in the Steller sea lion. J. Mamm. 42:195-200.
Fiscus, C.H., and G.A. Baines. 1966. Food and feeding behavior of Steller and California sea lions. J. Mamm. 47:195-200.
Fiscus, C.H. 1980. Marine mammal-salmonid interactions: a review. In: W.J. McNeil and D.C. Himsworth (eds.), Salmonid ecosystems of the North Pacific. Vol. Oregon State University Press, pp. 121-132.
Fiscus, C.H., D.J. Rugh, and T.R. Loughlin. 1981. Census of northern sea lion (Eumetopias jubatus) in central Aleutian Islands, Alaska, 17 June-15 July 1979, with notes on other marine mammals and birds. U.S. National Marine Fisheries Service.
Fisher, H.D. 1952. The status of the Harbour seal in British Columbia, with particular reference to the Skeena River. Fish. Res. Board Can. Bull. 93:58pp.
Fisher, H.D. 1954. Delayed implantation in the Harbor Seal (Phoca vitulina L.). Nature. 173:879-880.
Fisher, J., and R.M. Lockley. 1954. Sea-birds: An Introduction to the Natural History of the Sea-Birds of the North Atlantic. Houghton Mifflin Co., Boston, Massachusetts. 320 pp.
Fisher, D.H. 1970. Reproduction in the common porpoise (Phocoena phocoena) of the North Atlantic. J. Zool., Lond. 161:471-486.
Fisher, K.I., R.E.A. Stewart, R.A. Kastelein, and L.D. Campbell. 1992. Apparent digestive efficiency in walruses (Odobenus rosmarus) fed herring (Clupea harengus) and clams (Spisula sp.). Can. J. Zool. 70:30-36.
Fister, K., and L. Widdice. 1989. Scoter census in the Hugh Miller area. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Fitch, J.E. 1968. Fish otoliths in cetacean stomachs and their importance in interpreting feeding habits. Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada. 25:2561-2574.
Fitz, H.C., and R.G. Wiegert. 1992. Local population dynamics of estuarine blue crabs: Abundance, recruitment and loss. Marine Ecol. Prog. Rep. 87:23-40.
Flanagan, P. 1983. Mount Fairweather trip report. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Flather, C.H., and H.K. Cordell. 1995. Outdoor recreation: historical and anticipated trends. In: R.L. Knight and K.J. Gutzwiller (eds.), Wildlife and Recreationists: Coexistence through Management and Research. Vol. Island Press, Washington, D.C., pp. 3-16.
Flather, C.H., and J.R. Sauer. 1996. Using landscape ecology to test hypotheses about large-scale abundance patterns in migratory birds. Ecology (Washington D C). 77:28-35.
Fleet, D.M. 1984. Changes in the numbers of breeding Kittiwakes in Helgoland. Ringing & Migration. 5:32-34.
Flegg, J.J.M., and R.A. Morgan. 1976. Mortality in British gulls. Ringing Migr. 1:65-74.
Fleming, A., J. Riedel, and C. English. 1987. Factors affecting the deposition and preservation of eskers near the Burroughs Glacier and Plateau Remnant, Glacier Bay National Park, Alaska. University of Wisconsin, Department of Geology and Geophysics and Geography.
Flewelling, R., and D.R. Johnson. 1983. Alsek River user survey, pilot study, summer 1982, and proposal for 1983, a report to management. University of Washington Cooperative Studies Unit.
Flint, V.E., and I.N. Kostyrko. 1967. Biology of the tick (Ixodes putus). Zool Zh. 46:1253-1256.
Flint, E.N., and K.A. Nagy. 1984. Flight energetics of free-living sooty terns. Auk. 101:288-294.
Flint, P. 1995. A device for simultaneously measuring nest attendance and nest temperature in waterfowl. Journal of Field Ornithology. 4:515-521.
Florenz-Gonzalez, L. 1991. Humpback whales Megaptera novaeangliae in the Gorgona Island, Colombian Pacific breeding waters: population and pod characteristics. Mem. Queensl. Mus. 30:291-295.
Flory, E. 1999. Fish and fish habitats of the Falls Creek area: May - September, 1999. Icy Strait Environmental Services. Gustavus, Alaska.
Flynn, B.C. 1998. The Paleoecology of pycinodesma bivalves in the Silurian Willoughby formation, Glacier Bay, National Park, Alaska.
Fogarty, M.J., M.P. Sissenwine, and E.B. Cohen. 1991. Recruitment variability and the dynamics of exploited marine populations. TREE. 6:241-246.
Fogarty, M.J. 1998. Implications of migration and larval interchange in American lobster (Homarus americanus) stocks: Spatial structure and resilience. In: G. Jamieson and A. Campbell (eds.), Proceedings of the North Pacific symposium on invertebrate stock assessment and management. Vol. 125. Canadian Special Publication of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, pp. 273-283.
Fogarty, M.J. 1999. Essential habitat, marine reserves, and fishery management. Trends Ecol. Evol. 14:133-134.
Foley, P. 1994. Predicting extinction times from environmental stochasticity and carrying capacity. Cons. Biology. 8:124-137.
Folk, R.L. 1980. Petrology of sedimentary rocks. Hemphill Publishing Co., 182 pp.
Folk Jr., G.E. Physiological observations of subarctic bears under winter den conditions. University of Iowa. Iowa City, Iowa.
Folk Jr., G.E., A. Larson, and M.A. Folk. Physiology of hibernating bears.
Follett, M.L. 1985. Contemporary food preferences of Tlingit indians in Hoonah, AK. Masters, California State University, Long Beach. pp.
Foote, K.G. 1987. Fish target strengths for use in echo integrator surveys. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America. 82:981-987.
Forbes, L.S. 1990. A note on statistical power. The Auk. 107:438-453.
Forbes, L.S., and G.W. Kaiser. 1994. Habitat choice in breeding seabirds: When to cross the information barrier. Oikos. 70:377-384.
Ford, J.K.B., and H.D. Fisher. 1982. Killer whale (Orcinus orca) dialects as an indicator of stocks in British Columbia. Rep. Int. Whal. Commn. 32:671-679.
Ford, J.K.B. 1985. Acoustic traditions of killer whales. Whalewatcher. Fall:3-6.
Ford, J.K.B. 1991. Vocal traditions among resident killer whales (Orcinus orca) in coastal waters of British Columbia. Can. J. Zool. 69:1454-1483.
Ford, A.B., and D.A. Brew. 1993. Geochemical character of upper Paleozoic and Triassic greenstone and related metavolcanic rocks of the Wrangellia terrane in northern southeastern Alaska. In: C. Dusel-Bacon and A.B. Till (eds.), Geologic Studies Alaska by the U.S. Geological Survey in 1992. Vol. Bulletin 2068. U.S. Geological Survey, pp. 197-217.
Ford, J.K.B., G.M. Ellis, and K.C. Balcomb. 1994. Killer Whales: Natural History and Genealogy of Orcinus orca in British Collumbia and Washington State Waters. UBC Press, Vancouver, B.C. 102 pp.
Ford, J.K.B., G.M. Ellis, and K.C. Balcomb. 1994. Killer whales. UBC press, Vancouver, Canada. 102 pp.
Ford, J.K.B., G.M. Ellis, and A. Morton. 1995. Diet specialization of resident and transient killer whales in coastal British Columbia and adjacent areas. Society of Marine Mammalogy. Orlando, FL.
Ford, R.G., and M.L. Bonnell. 1998. Marine protected areas and biological distributional data: Large and small scale perspectives. In: O. Magoon, H. Converse, B. Baird and M. Miller-Henson (eds.), California and the world ocean '97. Vol. American Society of Civil Engineers, Reston, VA (USA), pp. 259.
Ford, J.K.B., and G.M. Ellis. 1999. Transients: mammal-hunting killer whales. University of British Columbia Press, Vancouver, Canada. 96 pp.
Forn, C.L., J.D. Hoffman, R.F. Sanzolone, and S.K. McDonal. 1978. Magnetic tape containing results of semi-quantitative spectrographic, atomic absorption, and other analyses of bedrock and stream sediment samples from Glacier Bay National Monument Wilderness Study Area, Alaska. U.S. Department of Commerce, Springfield, VA.
Forney, K.A., J. Barlow, and J.V. Carretta. 1995. The abundance of cetaceans in California waters. Part II: aerial surveys in winter and spring of 1991 and 1992. 93:15-26.
Foster, M.S., and D.R. Schiel. Kelp communities and sea otters: keystone species of just another brick in the wall? In: Vol. pp. 93-113.
Foundation, A.C. 1992. Through the looking glass. Alaska Conservation Foundation Dispatch. 4.
Fowle, S. 1993. Fish for the future: a citizen's guide to federal marine fisheries management. Center for Marine Conservation, Washington, D.C. 142 pp.
Fowler, H. 1950. Memorandum report to Leo H. Sarrela, Commissioner of Mines, on the LeRoy Mines, Glacier Bay, Alaska. Territory of Alaska, Department of Mines.
Fowler, N. 1990. The 10 most common statistical errors. Ecological Society of America Bulletin. 71:161-164.
Fowler, H.G., F. Anaruma Filho, and O.C. Bueno. 1992. Vertical and Horizontal Foraging Intra and Interspecific Spatial Autocorrelation Patterns in Tapinoma-Melanocephalum and Monomorium-Pharaonis Hymenoptera Formicidae. Ciencia e Cultura (Sao Paulo). 44:395-397.
Fox, W.W. 1970. An exponential surplus-yield model for optimizing exploited fish populations. Transactions American Fisheries Society. 90:80-88.
Fox, J.L. 1976. Summer mountain goat activity and habitat preference in coastal Alaska as a basis for the assessment of survey techniques. Cooperative Wildlife Research Unit, University of Alaska, Fairbanks.
Fox, J. 1977. Mountain goat study and survey in Torch Bay, Dixon Harbor region, Glacier Bay National Monument June 25 - July 9. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Fox, J.L., and R.D. Taber. 1981. Site selection by mountain goats wintering in forest habitat. U.S. Forest Service, Forestry Sciences Laboratory, Juneau.
Fox, J.L., and J.E. Hall. 1982. A Kittlitz's murrelet (Brachyramphus brevirostris) nest in southeast Alaska, USA. Murrelet. 63:
Fox, J.L., and G.P. Streveler. 1986. Wolf predation on mountain goats in southeastern Alaska. Journal of Mammalogy. 67:192-195.
Fox, J., C. Smith, and J. Schoen. 1989. Relation between mountain goats and their habitat in southeastern Alaska. U.S. Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station.
Fox, D., and R. Starr. 1996. Comparison of commercial fishery and research catch data. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 53:2681-2694.
Fox Jr., W.W. Shrimp resources of the Northeastern Pacific Ocean. Institute of Marine Science.
Foyle, T.P., R.K. O'Dor, and R.W. Elner. 1989. Energetically defining the thermal limits of the snow crab. J Exp Biol. 145:371-394.
Fraker, M.A. 1981. Responses of bowhead whales (Balaena mysticetus) to activities related to offshore oil and gas exploration.
France, R.L., R.H. Peters, and R.H. Rishikof. 1995. Optimal sampling period for predicting phosphorus and chlorophyll concentrations in north-temperate lakes. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 52:1812-1815.
Francis, R.I.C.C. 1984. An adaptive strategy for stratified random trawl surveys. New Zeland Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research. 18:59-71.
Frank, K.T., and e. al. 1990. Predicted response of northwest Atlantic invertebrate and fish stocks to CO2 - induced climate change. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society. 119:353-365.
Frankel, A.S. 1994. Acoustic and visual tracking reveals distribution, song variability and social roles of humpack whales in Hawaiian waters. Dissertation, University of Hawaii, 128 pp.
Frankel, A.S., C.W. Clark, L.M. Herman, and C.M. Gabriele. 1995. Spatial distribution, habitat utilization, and social interactions of humpback whales, Megaptera novaeangliae, off Hawai'i, determined using acoustic and visual techniques. Can. J. Zool. 73:1134-1146.
Frankel, A.S., J.R. Mobley Jr., and L.M. Herman. 1995. Estimation of auditory reponse thresholds in humpback whales using biologically meaningful sounds. In: R.A. Kastelein, J.A. Thomas and P.E. Nachtigall (eds.), Sensory systems of aquatic mammals. Vol. De Spil, Woerden, The Netherlands, pp. 55-70.
Frankel, A.S., and C.W. Clark. 1998. Results of low-frequency playback of M-sequence noise to humpback whales, Megaptera novaeangliae, in Hawai'i. Can. J. Zool. 76:521-535.
Franson, J.C., P.S. Koehl, D.V. Derkson, T.C. Rothe, C.M. Bunck, and J.F. Moore. 1995. Heavy metals in seaducks and mussels from misty fjords national monument in southeast alaska. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment. 36:149-167.
Frantzis, A. 1998. Does acoustic testing strand whales? Nature. 392:29.
Fraser, J.D., F. Martin, L.D. Frenzel, and H.E. Mathisen. 1984. Accounting for measurement errors in bald eagle reproduction surveys. J. Wildl. Manage. 48:595-598.
Fraser, J.D., L.D. Frenzel, and J.E. Mathisen. 1985. The impact of human activities on breeding bald eagles (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) in north-central Minnesota, USA. Acoustical Society of America: 102nd Meeting. 49:585-592.
Frazer, L.N., and E.I. Mercado. 2000. A sonar model for humpback whale song. IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering. 25:160-182.
Freddy, D.J., W.M. Bronaugh, and M.C. Fowler. 1986. Responses of mule deer to distrubance by persons afoot and snowmobilies. Wildlife Society Bulletin. 14:63-68.
Frederick, J.L. 1997. Evaluation of fluorescent elastomer injection as a method for marking small fish. Bull. Mar. Sci. 61:399-408.
Fredin, R.A. Pacific cod in the Eastern Bering Sea: a synopsis. Anchorage, Alaska.
Freeman, M.C. 1995. Movements by two small fishes in a large stream. Copeia. 361-367.
Freese, J.L., and M.M. Babcock. 1990. The utility of artificial substrate collection devices to determine time and location of red king crab (Paralithodes camtschatica) Glaucothoe settling in Auke Bay, Alaska. Anchorage, Alaska.
Friedl, W.A., and P.O. Thompson. 1981. Whale observations and acoustic noise measurements around Kahoolawe Island, Hawaii. San Diego, California.
Friesen, V.L., A.J. Baker, and J.F. Piatt. 1996. Phylogenetic relationships within the alcidae (Charadriiformes: Aves) inferred from total molecular evidence. Molecular Biology and Evolution. 13:359-367.
Fritz, E.S., L.B. Crowder, and R.C. Francis. 1990. The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration plan for recruitment fisheries oceanography research. Fisheries. 15:25-31.
Fritz, L.W., V.G. Wespestad, and J.S. Collie. 1993. Distribution and abundance trends of forage fishes in the bering sea and gulf of alaska. In: Is It Food? Vol. pp. 31-45.
Fritz, S.C. 1994. Diatoms in small lakes and ponds in Glacier Bay National Park, Alaska, Usa. Canadian Technical Report Of Fisheries And Aquatic Sciences. 49-51.
Fritz, S.C., and D.R. Engstrom. 1995. Patterns of early lake ontogeny in Glacier Bay as inferred from diatom assemblages. U.S. National Park Service. Glacier Bay National Park & Preserve, AK. 1993.
Frost, K.J., and L.F. Lowry. Foods and trophic relationships of cetaceans in the Bering Sea. Alaska Department of Fish and Game. Fairbanks, Alaska.
Frost, K.J. 1986. Sizes of walleye pollock (Theragra chalcogramma) consumed by marine mammals in the Bering Sea. Fish. Bull. 84:192-196.
Frost, K.J. 1991. Habitat use, behavior, and monitoring of harbor seals in Prince William Sound In: Exxon Valdez oil spill restoration science study 1991 progress report. Alaska Department of Fish and Game.
Frost, K.F., and L.F. Lowry. 1993. Assessment of injury to harbor seals in Prince William Sound, Alaska, and adjacent areas following the Exxon Valdez oil spill. State-Federal Natural Resources Damage Assessment, Marine Mammals.
Frost, K.J., L.F. Lowry, and J. Ver Hoef. 1995. Exxon Valdez oil spill restoration project annual report: habitat use, behavior, and monitoring of harbor seals in Prince William Sound, Alaska. Alaska Department of Fish & Game.
Frost, K.J., L.F. Lowry, R.J. Small, and S.J. Iverson. 1996. Monitoring, habitat use, and trophic interactions of harbor seals in Prince William Sound, Alaska. Alaska Department of Fish and Game, Wildlife Conservation. Douglas, AK.
Frost, K.J., L.F. Lowry, J.M.V. Hoef, and T. Gerodette. 1996. Using Poisson regression and power analysis to monitor harbor seals in Prince William Sound, Alaska. ALaska Department of Fish and Game. Fairbanks, AK.
Frost, K.J., L.F. Lowry, J.M. Ver Hoef, S.J. Iverson, and T. Gotthardt. 1998. Monitoring, habitat use, and trophic interactions of harbor seals in Prince WIlliam Sound, Alaska. Alaska Department of Fish and Game, Division of Wildlife Conservation. Fairbanks.
Fruge, D.J., and D.W. Wiswar. 1991. First records of the Bering wolfish (Anarhichas orientalis) for the Alaskan Beaufort Sea. Can. Field-Nat. 105:107-109.
Frusher, S.D., R.B. Kennedy, and I.D. Gibson. 1998. Preliminary estimates of exploitation rates in the Tasmanian rock lobster (Jasus edwardsii) fishery using the change-in-ratio and index-removal techniques with tag-racapture data. In: G. Jamieson and A. Campbell (eds.), Proceedings of the North Pacific symposium on invertebrate stock assessment and management. Vol. 125. Canadian Special Publication of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, pp. 63-71.
Fry, E. 1999. Westerdam hits, kills humpback. Juneau, AK.
Fuchs, E. 1977. Predation and anti-predator behaviour in a mixed colony of terns Sterna sp. and Black-headed Gulls Larus ridibundus with special reference to the Sandwich Tern Sterna sandvicensis. Ornis Scandinavica. 8:17-32.
Fukuhara, F.M. 1985. Biology and fishery of southeastern Bering Sea red king crab (Paralithodes camtschatica, Tilesius). National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.
Fukuhara, C.R. 1986. Descriptions of plutons in the western part of the Juneau and parts of the adjacent Skagway 1:250,000 quadrangles, southeastern Alaska. U.S. Geological Survey.
Funk, F., and B.E. Bracken. 1983. Growth of sablefish in southeastern Alaska. Alaska Department of Fish and Game.
Funk, F., and B.E. Bracken. 1984. Status of the Gulf of Alaska sablefish (Anoplopoma fimbria) resource in 1983. Alaska Department of Fish and Game.
Furness, R.W. 1978. Energy requirements of seabird communities: A bioenergetics model. J. Amer. Stat. Assoc. 47:39-53.
Furness, R.W. 1978. Shetland seabird communities: The possible impact of new fishing techniques. Ibis. 120:108-109.
Furness, R.W. 1981. The impact of predation by Great Skuas Catharacta skua on other seabird populations at a Shetland colony. Ibis. 123:534-539.
Furness, R.W., and J.R.G. Hislop. 1981. Diets and feeding ecology of Great Skuas Catharacta skua during the breeding season in Shetland. Journal of Zoology, London. 195:1-23.
Furness, R.W., and J. Cooper. 1982. Interactions between breeding seabird and pelagic fish populations in the southern Benguela region. Marine Ecol. Prog. Rep. 8:243-250.
Furness, R.W. 1982. Competition between fisheries and seabird communities. Adv. Mar. Biol. 20:225-307.
Furness, R.W. 1982. Population, breeding biology and diets of seabirds on Foula in 1980. Seabird Report. 6:5-12.
Furness, R.W., and T.R. Birkhead. 1984. Seabird colony distributions suggest competition for food supplies during the breeding season. Nature. 311:655-656.
Furness, R.W., and R.T. Barrett. 1985. The food requirements and ecological relationships of a seabird community in North Norway. Ornis Scandinavica. 16:305-313.
Furness, R.W., and P. Monaghan. 1987. Seabird Ecology. Blackie & Son Limited, Glasgow. 164 pp.
Furness, R.W., A.V. Hudson, and K. Ensor. 1988. Interactions between scavenging seabirds and commercial fisheries around the British Isles. In: J. Burger (ed.), Seabirds and other marine vertebrates: competition, predation and other interactions. Vol. Columbia university press, New York, pp. 240-268.
Furness, R.W. 1989. Declining seabird populations. Journal of Zoology, London. 219:177-180.
Furness, R.W., K. Ensor, and A.V. Hudson. 1992. The use of fishery waste by gull populations around the British Isles. Ardea. 80:105-113.
Furness, R.W., and C.J. Camphuysen. 1997. Seabirds as monitors of the marine environment. ICES Journal of Marine Science. 54:726-737.
Gabbianelli, G., C. Piccinetti, M. Tramontana, and P. Debrule. 1997. New Laser Scan technology for seabed investigation: An environmental application test in the southern Tyrrhenian Sea (central Mediterranean Sea). Giornale di Geologia (Bologna). 59:315-325.
Gabriele, C.M. 1991. Population characteristics of humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) in Glacier Bay and adjacent waters: 1991. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Gabriele, C.M. 1992. The behavior and residence characteristics of reproductive classes of humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) in the Hawaiian Islands. M.S. Thesis, University of Hawaii, pp.
Gabriele, C.M. 1992. Population characteristics of humpback whales (Magaptera novaeangliae) in Glacier Bay and adjacent waters: 1992. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve, 20pp.
Gabriele, C.M. 1993. Population characteristics of humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) in Glacier Bay and adjacent waters: 1993. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve. Glacier Bay, AK.
Gabriele, C.M. 1994. Population characteristics of humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) in Glacier Bay and adjacent waters: 1994. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Gabriele, C.M. 1995. Population characteristics of humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) in Glacier Bay and adjacent waters: 1995. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve, 20 pp.
Gabriele, C.M., J.M. Straley, and C.S. Baker. 1995. Variability in counts of individually identified humpback whales in Glacier Bay and Icy Strait. U.S. National Park Service. Glacier Bay National Park & Preserve, AK. 1993.
Gabriele, C.M. 1996. Population characteristics of humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) in Glacier Bay and adjacent waters: 1996. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Gabriele, C.M., J.M. Straley, L.M. Herman, and R.J. Coleman. 1996. Fastest documented migration of a North Pacific humpback whale. Marine Mammal Science. 12:457-464.
Gabriele, C.M., J.L. Doherty, and A.G. Andrews. 1997. Population characteristics of humpback whales in Glacier Bay and adjacent waters: 1997. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve. Gustavus, Alaska.
Gabriele, C.M. 1997. Comparison of humpback whale group dynamics in Hawaii and southeastern Alaska. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Kaanapali, Maui, Hawaii.
Gabriele, C.M., and J.L. Doherty. 1998. Population characteristics of humpack whales in Glacier Bay and adjacent waters: 1998. Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve. Gustavus, Alaska.
Gabriele, C.M., J.L. Doherty, and T.M. Lewis. 1999. Population characteristics of humpback whales in Glacier Bay and adjacent waters: 1999. Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve. Gustavus, Alaska 99826.
Gabriele, C.M., and T.M. Lewis. 2000. Summary of Opportunistic Marine Mammal Observations in Glacier Bay and Icy Strait 1994-1999. U.S. Natl. Park Serv., Glacier Bay National Park. Gustavus, AK.
Gabrielsen, G.W., F. Mehlum, and K.A. Nagy. 1987. Daily energy expenditure and energy utilization of free-ranging Black-legged Kittiwakes. The Condor. 89:126-132.
Gabrielsen, G.W., and F. Mehlum. 1989. Kittiwake activity monitored by telemetry. In: C.J. Amlaner (ed.), Biotelemetry X. Proceedings of the tenth international symposium on biotelemetry. Vol. Fayetteville, Arkansas, pp. 421-429.
Gabrielsen, G.W. 1994. Energy expenditure in arctic seabirds. Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Tromso, Tromso, Norway, Tromso, Norway. pp.
Gabrielson, I.N., and F.C. Lincoln. 1959. Pacific Kittiwake. In: The Birds of Alaska. Vol. The Stackpole Company, Harrisburg, Pennsylvaniia, Washington, D.C., pp. 454-458.
Gaffield, S.G., and D.M. Mickelson. 1995. Driving stress, hydraulic head and landform genesis at the southeastern Burroughs Glacier. U.S. National Park Service. Glacier Bay National Park & Preserve, AK. 1993.
Gaines, S.D., and M. Bertness. 1993. The dynamics of juvenile dispersal: Why field ecologists must integrate. Ecological Society of America. 78:2430-2435.
Galbraith, H. 1983. The diet and feeding ecology of breeding Kittiwakes Rissa tridactyla. Bird Study. 30:109-120.
Galbraith, D.A., and R.J. Brooks. 1989. Age estimates for snapping turtles. J. Wildl. Manage. 53:502-208.
Gallagher, T.J., and L.A. Wilson. 1994. Pollution credit trading in Alaska's coastal zone: Part 1 - Analysis.
Gallucci, V.F. 1978. Report on Bartlett Cove-Glacier Bay clam related ecosystem. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Gann, J.T. 1992. YoNav: Your own integrated navigation system for DOS platforms. U.S. Geological Survey.
Garcelon, D.K. 1990. Observations of aggressive interactions by bald eagles of known age and sex. The Condor. 92:532-533.
Garcia-Charton, J.A., and A. Perez-Ruzafa. 1999. Ecological heterogeneity and the evaluation of the effects of marine reserves. Fisheries Res. 42:1-20.
Gardner, S.N., and M. Mangel. 1996. Mark-resight population estimation with imperfect observations. Ecology (Washington D C). 77:880-884.
Gardner, C.N. 1996. Behavioral basis of depth regulation in the first zoeal stage of the giant crab (Pseudocarcinus gigas, Brachyura, Xanthoidea, Oziidae). Alaska Sea Grant College Program. Anchorage, AK. 96-02.
Gardner, S.C., and P. Tontz. 1998. Ontogeny of echolocation.
Garfield, V.E. 1944. Chieftainship.
Garfield, V.E. 1945. The Tlingit, Haida and Tsimshian indians of Southeastern Alaska.
Garfield, V.E. 1947. Historical aspects of Tlingit clans in Angoon, AK. Am. Anth. 49:438-52.
Garner, G.W., S.C. Amstrup, D.C. Douglas, and G.L. Gardner. 1988. Performance and utility of satellite telemetry during field studies of free-ranging polar bears in Alaska. University of Arkansas Press. Fayetteville, Arkansas.
Garnick, E., and L. Margolis. 1990. Influence of four species of helminth parasites on orientation of seaward migrating sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) smolts. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 47:2380-2389.
Garrett, M.G., J.W. Watson, and R.G. Anthony. 1993. Bald eagle home range and habitat use in the Columbia River estuary. J. Wildl. Manage. 57:19-27.
Garshelis, D.L., and D.B. Siniff. 1983. Evaluation of radio-transmitter attachments for sea otters. Wildlife Society Bulletin. 11:378-383.
Garshelis, D.L., J.A. Garshelis, and A.T. Kimker. 1986. Sea otter time budgets and prey relationships in Alaska. Journal of Wildlife Management. 50:637-647.
Garthe, S., and O. Hüppop. 1994. Distribution of ship-following seabirds and their utilization of discards in the North Sea in summer. 106:1-9.
Garthe, S., C.J. Camphuysen, and R.W. Furness. 1996. Amounts of discards by commercial fisheries and their significance as food for seabirds in the North Sea. 136:1-11.
Gary, W.W. 1971. Intertidal transects in Wachusett Inlet, Glacier Bay National Monument. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Gaskin, D.E., K. Ishida, and R. Frank. 1972. Mercury in harbour porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) from the Bay of Fundy region. Journal Fisheries Research Board of Canada. 29:1644-1646.
Gaskin, D.E., P.W. Arnold, and B.A. Blair. 1974. Phocoena phocoena. 42:1-8.
Gaskin, D.E., and B.A. Blair. 1977. Age determination of harbour porpoise, Phocoena phocoena (L.), in the western North Atlantic. Can. J. Zool. 55:18-30.
Gaskin, D.E., J.D. Smith, A.P. Watson, W.Y. Yasui, and D.B. Yurick. 1984. Reproduction in the porpoises (Phocoenidae): implications for management. Rep. Int. Whale Commn., Special Issue. 6:135-148.
Gaskin, D.E. 1984. The harbour porpoise (Phocoena phocoena): regional populations, status, and information on direct in indirect catches. In: Report of the Institute of Freshwater Research Drottingham. Vol. 34. pp. 569-586.
Gaskin, D.E. 1992. Status of the harbour porpoise, Phocoena phocoena, in Canada. Can. Field-Nat. 106:36-54.
Gaskin, D.E., S. Yamamoto, and A. Kawamura. 1993. Harbor porpoise, Phocoena phocoena (L.), in the coastal waters of northern Japan. 91:440-454.
Gasser, T., and M. Rosenblatt (eds). 1979. Smoothing techniques for curve estimation: proceedings of workshop held in Heidelberg, April 2-4, 1979. Springer-Verlag, Berlin:New York.
Gaston, A.J., and R.D. Elliot. 1996. Predation by Ravens Corvus corax on Brunnich's Guillemot Uria lomvia eggs and chicks and its possible impact on breeding site selection. Ibis. 138:742-748.
Gausen, D., and V. Moen. 1991. Large-scale escapes of farmed Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) into Norwegian rivers threaten natural populations. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 48:426-428.
Gauthier, J.M., C.D. Metcalfe, and R. Sears. 1997. Chlorinated organic contaminants in blubber biopsies from northwestern Atlantic balaenopterid whales summering in the Gulf of St. Lawrence. Marine Environmental Research. 44(2):201-223.
Gauvin, J.R., J.M. Ward, and E.E. Burgess. 1993. A description and preliminary evaluation of the wreckfish fishery, Polyprion americanus, under Individual Transferable Quotas. Alaska Sea Grant College Program. University of Alaska Fairbanks. 93-02.
Gbur, E.E.J., and B. Trumbo. 1995. The Key to Scholarly Visibility and Efficiency in an Informal Explosion. The American Statistician. 49:29-34.
Geiselman, J., J. Dunlap, P. Hooge, and D. Albert (eds). 1997. Glacier Bay Ecosystem GIS CD-ROM set. U.S. Geological Survey and Interrain Pacific, Anchorage and Juneau, Alaska.
Gende, S.M. 1994. The effects of fish availability on nesting success of breeding bald eagles (Haliaeetus leucocephalus alascanus) in Southeast Alaska. thesis proposal for M.S. degree, University of Alaska Fairbanks, pp.
Gendron, L. 1998. Rock crab of the inshore waters of Quebec. Department of Fisheries and Oceans, Atlantic Fisheries.
Gentry, R.L. 1970. Social behavior of the Steller sea lion. Ph.D., University of California at Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA. 113 pp.
Gentry, R.L. 1974. The development of social behavior through play in the Steller sea lion. Amer. Zool. 14:391-403.
Gentry, R.L. 1975. Comparative social behavior of eared seals. University of California, Santa Cruz. Santa Cruz.
Gentry, R.L., E.C. Gentry, and J.F. Gilman. 1990. Responses of northern fur seals to quarrying operations. Marine Mammal Science. 6:151-155.
George, G., M. Kookesh, D. Mills, and J. Fall. 1985. The non-commercial harvest of crab in SE Alaska: a summary of available information. Alaska Department of Fish and Game.
George, V.S. 1985. Demographic evaluation of the influence of temperature and salinity on the copepod Eurytemora herdmani. Marine Ecol. Prog. Rep. 21:145-152.
George, J.C. et al. 1999. Age and growth estimates of bowhead whales (Balaena mysticetus) via aspartic acid racemization. Can. J. Zool. 77:571-580.
Geraci, J.R., and D.J. St. Aubin. Effects of offshore oil and gas development on marine mammals and turtles. In: D.F. Boesch and N.N. Rabalais (eds.), Long-term environmental effects of offshore oil and gas development. Vol. Elsevier Applied Science, London and New York, pp. 587-617.
Geraci, J.R. 1975. Pinniped Nutrition. Rapp. P.-v. Réun. Cons. int. Explor. Mer. 169:312-323.
Geraci, J.R., and D.J. St. Aubin. 1980. Offshore petroleum resource development and marine mammals: a review and research recommendations. Marine Fisheries Review. 42:1-12.
Geraci, J.R. et al. 1982. Mass mortality of Harbor seals: Pneumonia associated with influenza A virus. Scientific Reports Whales Research Institute, Tokyo. 215:1129-1131.
Geraci, J.R., D.M. Anderson, R.J. Timperi, D.J. St. Aubin, G.A. Early, J.H. Prescott, and C.A. Mayo. 1989. Humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) fatally poisoned by dinoflagellate toxin. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 46:1895-1898.
Gerber, J.A., J. Roletto, L.E. Morgan, D.M. Smith, and L.J. Gage. 1993. Findings in pinnipeds stranded along the central and northern California coast, 1984-1990. J. Tokyo Univ. Fish./Tokyo Suisandai Kempo. 29:423-433.
Gerrard, J.M., D.W.A. Whifield, P. Gerrard, P.N. Gerrard, and W.J. Maher. 1978. Migratory movements and plumage of subadult Saskatchewan bald eagles. Can. Field-Nat. 92:375-382.
Gerrard, J.M. 1983. A review of the current status of bald eagles in North America. In: D.M. Bird (ed.), Biology and management of bald eagles and ospreys. Vol. Harpell Press, Ste. Anne de Bellevue, Quebec, pp. 5-21.
Gerrard, J.M., G.R. Bortolotti, E.H. Dzus, P.N. Gerrard, and W.A. Whitfield. 1990. Boat census of bald eagles during the breeding season. Wilson Bulletin. 102:720-726.
Gerrodette, T., and W.G. Gilmartin. 1990. Demographic consequences of changed pupping and hauling sites of the Hawaiian monk seal. Cons. Biology. 4:423-430.
Gharrett, A.J., R.B. Wilson, B.M. Baker, C.M. Guthrie III, C.M. Kondzela, and H.R. Carlson. 1990. Preliminary report on genetic diversity of southern southeast Alaskan pink salmon populations. U.S. National Marine Fisheries Service, Auke Bay Laboratory, Juneau.
Gibbons, A. 1992. Databasing the brain. Scientific Reports Whales Research Institute, Tokyo. 258:1872-1873.
Gibbs, J.P. 1995. MONITOR.
Gibson, R.J. 1988. Mechanisms regulating species composition, population structure, and production of stream salmonids; a review. Polskie Archiwum Hydrobiologii. 35:469-495.
Gilbert, G.K. 1910. Glaciers and glaciology. In: Harriman Alaska Expedition. Vol. 3. Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C., pp. 16-45.
Gilbert, B.K. 1983. Title of prposed research: profile analysis of human-bear relationships in Katmai National Park , Alaska. U.S. National Park Service, Katmai National Park and Preserve.
Gilbert, B. 1986. Yellowknife, YT, Canada.
Gilbert, J.R. 1989. Aerial census of Pacific walruses in the Chukchi sea, 1985. Marine Mammal Science. 5:17-28.
Gillespie, G.E., G. Parker, and J. Morrison. 1198. A review of octopus fisheries biology and British Columbia octopus fisheries. Fisheries and Oceans Canada. Ottowa.
Gillin, C.M., F.M. Hammond, and C.M. Peterson. 1992. Evaluation of aversive conditioning techniques on grizzly bears in the Yellowstone ecosystem. Wyoming Game and Fish Department.
Gillin, C.M., F.M. Hammond, and C.M. Peterson. 1995. Aversive conditioning of grizzly bears; can bears be taught to stay out of trouble. 5.
Gilmer, D.S., L.M. Cowardin, R.L. Duval, L.M. Mechlin, C.W. Shaiffer, and V.B. Kuechle. 1981. Procedures for the use of aircraft in wildlife biotelemetry studies. U.S. Department of the Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service. Washington, D.C.
Gilpin, M.E., and M.E. Soulé. 1986. Minimum viable populations: Processes of species extinction. In: M.E. Soulé (ed.), Conservation Biology: The Science of Scarcity and Diversity. Vol. Sinauer Associates, Sunderland, Massachusetts, pp. 19-34.
Gilpin, M.E. 1987. Spatial structure and population vulnerability. In: M.E. Soulé (ed.), Viable Populations for Conservation. Vol. University of Cambridge Press, Cambridge, pp. 125-139.
Ginati, A., G. Lehmann, and U. Schulz. 1995. New trends and capabilities of satellites for bird tracking and monitoring. Israel Journal Of Zoology. 41:253-259.
Ginsberg, J.R., and T.P. Young. 1992. Measuring association between individuals or groups in behavioural studies. Anim. Behav. 44:377-379.
Ginzburg, L.R., and e. al. 1990. Reconstructibility of density dependence and the conservative assessment of extinction risks. Cons. Biology. 4:63-70.
Gisiner, R.C. 1985. Male territorialand reproductive behavior in the Steller sea lion, Eumetopias jubatus. Ph.D., University of California at Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA. 145 pp.
Gisiner, R., and R.J. Schusterman. 1991. California sea lion pups play an active role in reunions with their mothers. Animal Behavior. 41:364-366.
Gjerde, O. 1975. Unusual behavior in the little gull. Sterna (Stavanger). 14:167-168.
Gladzisewski, M. 1984. A Century after Muir: Glacier Bay National Park Gustavus, AK. The Fairweather. 1984:4.
Gladzisewski, M. 1984. A Century of discovery observed at Glacier Bay. Park Science. 4:19.
Glass, R.J. 1984. Integrating economics into natural resource planning involving fish and wildlife habitat. Alaska Department of Fish and Game, Habitat Division, Juneau.
Gleason, A. 1998. Gastropod assemblages as evidence of Silurian Paleoenvironments. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park.
Glegg*, W.E. 1945. Fishes and other aquatic animals preying on birds. In: The Ibis. Vol. 87. Academic Press, pp. 422-433.
Glockner, D.A. 1983. Determining the Sex of Humpback Whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) in Their Natural Environment. In: R. Payne (ed.), Communication and Behavior of Whales. Vol. Westview Press, Boulder, Colorado, pp. 447-464.
Glockner-Ferrari, D.A., and M.J. Ferrari. 1984. Reproduction in the humpback whale (Megaptera novaeangliae) in Hawaiian waters. Rep. Fish. Res. Lab. Special Issue 6:237-242.
Glockner-Ferrari, D.A., and M.J. Ferrari. 1990. Reproduction in the humpback whale (Megaptera novaeangliae) in Hawaiian waters, 1975-1988: the life history, reproductive rates, and behaviour of known individuals identified through surface and underwater photography. In: P.S. Hammond, S.A. Mizroch and G.P. Donovan (eds.), Individual recognition of cetaceans: use of photo-identification and other techniques to estimate population parameters. Vol. Report of the International Whaling Commission, Special Issue 12. International Whaling Commission, Cambridge, pp. 161-169.
Glockner-Ferrari, D.A., and M.J. Ferrari. 1997. Overview of the reproductive parameters of the North Pacific humpback whale based on long term studies. U.S. Department of Commerce. Kaanapali, Maui, Hawaii. NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFS-OPR-11.
Glova, G.J., and P.M. Sagar. 1989. Feeding in a nocturnally active fish, Galaxias brevipinnis, in a New Zealand stream. Aust. J. Mar. Freshwater Res. 40:231-240.
Gmelch, G. 1982. Resource use in Glacier Bay National Preserve. U.S. National Park Service, Division of Cultural Resources, Anchorage, AK.
Gmelch, G. 1988. Two rivers, two cultures. Natural History. 97:52-63.
Gmelch, G. 1990. Caught in the middle. Natural history. 99:32-37.
Gmelch, S.B., and E.W. Merrill. 1995. The Tlingit of Alaska. History of Photography. 19:159-172.
Gobalet, K.W. 1990. Prehistoric status of freshwater fishes of the Pajaro-Salinas river system of California. Copeia. 3:680-685.
Gochfeld, M. 1978. Incubation behavior in Common Terns: influence of wind speed and direction on orientation of incubating adults. Animal Behavior. 26:848-851.
Godfrey, H., and J.E. Mason. Salmon of the North Pacific Ocean- part IX: coho, chinook and masu salmon in offshore waters. International North Pacific fisheries commission.
Godin, D.M., W.H. Carr, G. Hagino, F. Segura, J.N. Sweeney, and L. Blankenship. 1996. Evaluation of a fluorescent elastomer internal tag in juvenile and adult shrimp Penaeus vannamei. Aquaculture. 139:243-248.
Godman, R.M. 1952. Classification of the climax forests of southeastern Alaska. J. Fisheries Biol. 50(6):435-438.
Godoe, O.R., and T. Haug. 1988. Tagging and recapture of Atlantic halibut (Hippoglossus hippoglossus ) in Norwegian waters. J. Cons. Ciem. 44:169-179.
Godoe, O.R., and T. Haug. 1988. Tagging and recapture of Atlantic halibut (Hippoglossus hippoglossus L.) on the continental shelves off eastern Canada, and off western and eastern Greenland. J. Northw. Atl. Fish. Sci. 8:25-31.
Godø, G. 1985. Changes in the population of Kittiwake Rissa tridactyla in Sogn and Fjordane during 1955-1984. Fauna Norvegica Series C, Cinclus. 8:40-43.
Goetzmann, W.H., and K. Sloan. 1982. Glacier Bay. In: Looking far north, the Harriman Expedition to Alaska, 1899. Vol. Viking Press, N.Y., pp. 244.
Goetzmann, W.H., and K. Sloan. 1982. Looking far north; the Harriman expedition to Alaska, 1899. Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ. pp.
Goff, G.P., D.A. Methven, and J.A. Brown. 1989. Low temperature tolerance of Atlantic halibut (Hippoglossus hippoglossus) at ambient ocean temperatures in Newfoundland. BULL. AQUACULT. ASSOC. CAN./BULL. ASSOC. AQUAC.
CAN. 89-3.
Goldberg, E.D. 1990. Protecting the wet commons. Environment Science Technology. 24:450-455.
Goldschmidt, W.R., and T.W. Haase. 1946. Possessory rights of the natives of south-eastern Alaska, a report to the Commission of Indian Affairs, October 3, 1946. U.S. Government Printing Office.
Goldthwait, R.P. 1933. Log of the Harvard-Darthmouth Mount Crillon Expedition. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Goldthwait, R.P. 1936. Seismic soundings on South Crillon and Klooch Glaciers. Geographical Journal. 87:496-517.
Goldthwait, R.P. 1963. Dating the Little Ice Age in Glacier Bay, Alaska. Norden (Copenhagen). Part XXVII.
Goldthwait, R.P., I.C. McKeller, and C. Cronk. 1963. Fluctuations of Crillon Glacier system, southeast Alaska. International Association of Scientific Hydrology Bulletin. 8:62-74.
Goldthwait, R.P., and e. al. 1966. Soil development and ecological succession in a deglaciated area of Muir Inlet, southeast Alaska. Ohio State University, Institute of Polar Studies. Columbus.
Goldthwait, R.P. 1966. Evidence from Alaskan glaciers of major climatic changes.
Goldthwait, R.P. 1974. Rates of formation of glacial features in Glacier Bay, Alaska. Binghamton, N.Y.
Goldthwait, R.P. 1976. Research by the Institute of Polar Studies in Glacier Bay National Monument, Alaska. Ohio State University, Institute of Polar Studies. Columbus.
Goldthwait, R.P. 1979. Land uplift and glacial rebound in Glacier Bay, Alaska. Fairbanks, Alaska.
Goldthwait, R.P. 1979. Giant grooves made by concentrated basal ice streams. Journal of Glaciology. 23:297-307.
Goldthwait, R.P., and G.D. McKenzie. 1979. Research by the Institute of Polar Studies in Glacier Bay National Monument, Alaska. National Parks. 2.
Goldthwait, R.P., and D.M. Mickelson. 1982. Glacier Bay: a model for the deglaciation of the White Mountains in New Hampshire. In: G.J. Larson and B.S. Stone (eds.), Late Wisconsinan Glaciation in New England. Vol. Kendall/Hunt Publishing Co, Dubuque, Iowa, pp. 167-181.
Goldthwait, R.P. 1987. Rates of formation of glacial features. Ohio State University, Byrd Polar Research Center. Columbus.
Goldthwait, R.P. 1987. Glacier history of Glacier Bay Park area. Ohio State University, Byrd Polar Research Center. Columbus.
Goldwasser, L., and J. Roughgarden. 1993. Construction and analysis of a large caribbean food web. Ecology. 74:1216-1233.
Golet, G.H., D.B. Irons, and J.A. Estes. 1998. Survival costs of chick rearing in Black-legged Kittiwakes. J. Amer. Stat. Assoc. 67:827-841.
Goley, P.D., and J.M. Straley. 1994. Attack on gray whales (Eschrichtius robustus) in Monterey Bay, California, by killer whales (Orcinus orca) previously identified in Glacier Bay, Alaska. Can. J. Zool. 72:1528-1530.
Gomulkiewicz, R., J.K.T. Brodziak, and M. Mangel. 1990. Ranking loci for genetic stock identification by curvature methods. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 47:611-619.
Gonzalez, A.F., A. Lopez, A. Guerra, and A. Barreiro. 1994. Diets of marine mammals stranded on the northwestern Spanish Atlantic coast with special reference to Cephalopoda. Fisheries Res. 21:179-191.
Good, E.E. 1966. Mammals. Ohio State University, Institute of Polar Studies. Columbus.
Goodman, D. 1971. Ecological investigations of ice worms on Casement Glacier, southeast Alaska. Ohio State University, Institute of Polar Studies. Columbus.
Goodman, D. 1984. Statistics of reproductive rate estimates, and their implications for population projection. Rep. Fish. Res. Lab. Special Issue 6:161-173.
Goodman, S.J., P. Allen, and J.M. Pemberton. 1993. Unexpected substructuring in the European harbour seal population revealed by microsatellite DNA polymorphisms. The Society for Marine Mammalogy. Galveston, TX, USA.
Goodwin, R.G. 1980. Bedrock geology of Glacier Bay National Monument. Ohio State University, Institute of Polar Studies. Columbus.
Goodwin, R.G. 1982. Neoglacial lacustrine sedimentation and ice advance, Glacier Bay, Alaska. Ph.D. Dissertation, Ohio State University, Institute of Polar Studies, Columbus. pp.
Goodwin, R.G. 1984. Neoglacial lacustrine sedimentation and ice advance, Glacier Bay, Alaska. Ohio State University, Institution of Polar Studies. Columbus.
Goodwin, R. 1986. Reconstruction of the patterns of erosion and deposition near the margin of a large Alaskan coastal glacier.
Goodwin, R.G. 1987. Forest Creek and Casement Glacier. Ohio State University, Byrd Polar Research Center. Columbus.
Goodwin, R.G. 1988. Holocene glaciolacustrine sedimentation in Muir Inlet, and ice advance in Glacier Bay, Alaska. Arctic and Alpine Research. 30:55-69.
Goodwin, R.G. 1988. Pollen taphonomy in Holocene glaciolacustrine sediments, Glacier Bay, Alaska [USA]: A cautionary note. Palaios. 3:606-611.
Gorbics, C.S., J.L. Garlich-Miller, and S.L. Schliebe. 1998. Draft Alaska marine mammal stock assessments 1998: Sea otters, polar bear and walrus. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.
Gordon, D.A. 1994. Lingcod fishery and fishery monitoring in Southeast Alaska. AK. Fish. Res. Bull. 1:140-152.
Gore, J.A., and A.M. Milner. 1990. Island biogeographical theory: can it be used to predict lotic recovery rates? Environ. Manage. 14:737-753.
Gosling, L.M., and M. Petrie. 1981. The economics of social organisation. In: C.R. Townsend and P. Calow (eds.), Physiological Ecology: An Evolutionary Approach to Resource Use. Vol. Blackwell, Oxford, pp. 315-45.
Gotmark, F. 1992. the effects of investigator disturbance on nesting birds. In: D.M. Power (ed.), Current ornithology. Vol. 9. Plenum press, New York, pp. 63-104.
Gotshall, D.W., and T. Jow. 1965. Sleeper sharks (Somniosus pacificus) off Trinidad, California, with life history notes. Calif. Fish and Game. 51:294-298.
Gotshall, D.W. 1977. Stomach contents of northern California dungeness crabs (Cancer magister). California Fish and Game. 63:43-51.
Gotshall, D.W. 1978. Northern California dungeness crab (Cancer magister) movements as shown by tagging. California Fish and Game. 64:234-254.
Gotshall, D.W. 1978. Catch-per-unit-of-effort studies of northern California Dungeness crabs, Cancer magister. California Fish and Game. 64:189-199.
Gotshall, D.W. 1978. Relative abundance studies of Dungeness crabs, Cancer magister, in northern California. California Fish and Game. 64:24-37.
Gottesfeld, L.M., and B. Anderson. 1988. Gitksan traditional medicine: herbs and healing. Ethnobiology. 8:13-33.
Gottler, P.F., and R.D. Powell. Iceberg-rafted debris in McBride Inlet, Glacier Bay, Alaska. 56-61.
Gottler, P.F., and R.D. Powell. 1990. Processes and deposits of iceberg-rafted debris in McBride Inlet, Glacier Bay, Alaska. U.S. National Park Service. Glacier Bay National Park & Preserve, AK. 1988.
Gottler, P.F. In progress. Iceberg rafting rates and products at temperate tidewater glaciers. M.S. Thesis (Geology), Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, pp.
Gould, P.J., D.J. Forsell, and C.J. Lensink. 1982. Pelagic distribution and abundance of seabirds in the Gulf of Alaska and eastern Bering Sea. U.S. Department of Interior, U.S. fish and Wildlife Service.
Gould, P.J., and D.J. Forsell. 1989. Techniques for shipboard surveys of marine birds. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.
Gould, P.J., and J.F. Piatt. 1990. Seabirds of the central North Pacific. Canadian Wildlife Service. Royal British Columbia Museum, Victoria, B.C.
Gower, J.F.R., K.L. Denman, and R.J. Hoyler. 1980. Phytoplankton patchiness indicates the fluctuation spectrum of mesoscale oceanic structure. Nature. 288:157-159.
Götmark, F. 1992. The effects of investigator disturbance on nesting birds. In: D.M. Power (ed.), Current Ornithology. Vol. 9. Plenum Press, New York, pp. 63-104.
Graham, D.F., and D.R. Grant. 1991. A test of airborne, side-looking synthetic-aperture radar in central Newfoundland for geological reconnaissance. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences. 28:257-265.
Graham, K.R., and K.P. Sebens. 1996. The distribution of marine invertebrate larvae near vertical surfaces in the rocky subtidal zone. Ecology (Washington D C). 77:933-949.
Grahl-Nielsen, O., O. Mjaavatten, and E. Tvedt. 1993. Distinguishing between different populations of harp seal (Phoca groenlandica) by chemometry of the fatty acid profiles in the jaw bone. Canadian Journal of Fish and Aquatic Science. 50:1400-1404.
Grand, T.C., and J.W.A. Grant. 1994. Spatial predictability of food influences; its monopolization and defence by juvenile convict cichlids. Animal Behavior. 47:91-100.
Grant, W.S., L. Bartlett, and F.M. Utter. 1977. Biochemical genetic identification of species and hybrids of the Bering Sea Tanner crab, Chionoecetes bairdi and C. opilio.
Grant, J.W.A., and D.L.G. Noakes. 1987. Movers and stayers: foraging tactics of young-of-the-year brook charr, Salvelinus fontinalis. J. Amer. Stat. Assoc. 56:1001-1013.
Grant, J.W.A. 1990. Aggressiveness and the foraging behaviour of young-of-the-year brook charr (Salvelinus fontinalis). Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 47:915-920.
Graur, D., and D.G. Higgins. 1994. Molecular evidence for the inclusion of cetaceans within the order Artiodactyla. Mol. Biol. Evol. 11:357-364.
Grebmeier, J.M., and N.M. Harrison. 1992. Seabird feeding on benthic amphipods facilitated by gray whale activity in the northern Bering Sea. Marine Ecol. Prog. Rep. 80:125-133.
Green, R.E., and M.G.J. Hirons. 1988. Effects of nest failure and spread of laying on counts of breeding birds. Ornis Scandinavica. 19:76-78.
Green, D.M. et al. 1994. Low-frequency Sound and Marine Mammals: Current Knowledge and Research Needs. National Research Council, Washington, D.C. pp.
Green, R., and P. Montagna. 1996. Implications for monitoring: study designs and interpretation of results. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 53:2629-2636.
Green, D. 1997. The developement and evaluation of activity schedules for tourists on on-day commercial reef trips. CRC Reef Research Centre. North Queensland, Townsville.
Greenberg, J.A., and S.C. Matulich. 1990. The role of Japan in king crab price determination. Anchorage, Alaska.
Greenberg, J.A., and M. Herrmann. 1993. Some economic impacts of pot limits in the Bristol Bay red king crab fishery. Alaska Sea Grant College Program. University of Alaska Fairbanks. 93-02.
Greene, H.G., M.M. Yoklavich, D. Sullivan, and G.M. Cailliet. 1994. A geophysical approach to classifying marine benthic habitats:
Monterey Bay as a model. Alaska Department of Fish and Game Special Publication. Nanaimo, British Columbia, Canada. 9.
Greene, C.R., and M.W. McLennan. 1996. Passive acoustic localization and tracking of vocalizing marine mammals using bouy and line arrays. Cetacean acoustics assessment workshop.
Greenough, J.W. 1981. Alaska: harboring the humpback whale. (Includes NPCA Report: Administration freezes Glacier Bay whale rules.). National Parks and Conservation. 55:2-22.
Greenwood, J.J.D. 1990. Changing migration behaviour. Nature. 345:209-210.
Gregg, T. 1984. Illustrated Tlingit legends. self, Haines, AK. pp.
Gregg, W.P., S.L. Krugman, and J.D. Wood. 1987. Proceedings of the symposium on Biosphere Reserves.
Gregg, W.W., and M.E. Conkright. 2000 IN PRESS. Global Seasonal Climatologies of Ocean Chlorophyll: Blending In situ and Satellite Data for the CZCS Era. Journal of Geophysical Research.
Gregg Jr., W.P. 1984. The international network of biosphere reserves: a new dimension in global conservation. In: T.N. Veziroglu (ed.), The biosphere: problems and solutions. Vol. Elsevier Science Publishers B.V., Amsterdam, The Netherlands, pp. 65-81.
Gregory, R.A. 1960. The development of forest soil organic layers in relation to time in southeast Alaska. Alaska Forest Research Center.
Greisman, P. 1979. On upwelling driven by the melt of ice shelves and tidewater glacier. Deep Sea Res. 26:1051-1065.
Grellier, K., P.M. Thompson, and H.M. Corpe. 1996. The effect of weather conditions on harbour seal (Phoca vitulina) haulout behaviour in the Moray Firth, northeast Scotland. Can. J. Zool. 74:1806-1811.
Griben, M.R., H.R. Johnson, and B.B. Gallucci. 1984. A new method to mark pinnipeds as applied to the nrothern fur seal. Wildlife Management. 48:945-9.
Grier, J.W. 1969. Bald Eagle behavior and productivity responses to climbing to nests. Journal of wildlife management. 33:961-966.
Grier, J.W. 1980. Modeling approaches to bald eagle population dynamics. Wildlife Society Bulletin. 8:316-322.
Grieshop, J.I. 1985. Strategies of education, enforcement and engineering to improve pesticide management and safety. pesticides. 7-14.
Griffin, C.R., J.M. Southern, and L.D. Frenzel. 1980. Origins and migratory movements of bald eagles wintering in Missouri. Journal of Field Ornithology. 51:161-167.
Griffin, C.R., and T.S. Baskett. 1985. Food availability and winter range sizes of immature and adult bald eagles. J. Wildl. Manage. 49:592-594.
Grim, L.H., and L.W. Kallemeyn. 1995. Reproduction and distribution of bald eagles in Voyagers National Park, Minnesota, 1973-1993. National Biological Service. Washington, D.C.
Grimes, C.B. 1982. Direct observation from a submersible vessel of commercial longlines for tilefish. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society. 111:94-98.
Group, W.R. Whale identification.
Grove, R. 1990. The origins of environmentalism. Nature. 345:11-14.
Grover, J.P. 1990. Resource competition in a variable environment: phytoplankton growing according to Monod's model. The American Naturalist. 136:771-789.
Grubb, T.G. 1984. Winter activity of bald eagles (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) at Navajo lake, New Mexico. The Southwestern Naturalist. 29:335-341.
Grubb, T.G., and R.M. King. 1991. Assessing human disturbance of breeding bald eagles with classification tree models. Journal of Wildlife Management. 55:500-511.
Gruber, S.H., D.R. Nelson, and J.F. Morrissey. 1988. Patterns of activity and space utilization of lemon sharks, Negaprion brevirostris, in a shallow Bahamian lagoon. Bull. Mar. Sci. 43:61-76.
Grybeck, D., B.R. Johnson, and C.J. Nutt. 1976. Glacier Bay National Monument. Mineral-resource studies recommended. U.S. Geological Survey.
Grybeck, D., and D.A. Brew. 1979. Mineral resource evaluation method used in Glacier Bay National Monument Wilderness Study Area, southeastern Alaska. U.S. Geological Survey.
Grzybowski, J.A. 1983. Sociality of grassland birds during winter. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology. 13:211-219.
Gsovsky, V. 1940. Survey of Russian material on the Tlingit and Haida indians of Alaska.
Guan, S., A. Takemura, and T. Koido. 1999. An introduction to the structure of humpback whale, Megaptera novaeangliae, song off Ryukyu Islands, 1991/1992. Aquat. Mamm. 25:35-42.
Guard, H.E., L.H. DiSalvo, J. Ng, and P.W. Wild. 1983. Hydrocarbons in Dungeness crabs, Cancer magister, and estuarine sediments. In: P.W. Wild and R.N. Tasto (eds.), Life history, environment, and mariculture studies of the Dungeness crab, (Cancer magister), with emphasis on the central California fishery resource. Vol. 172. California Department of Fish and Game, pp. 243-258.
Guenette, S., T. Lauck, and C. Clark. 1998. Marine reserves: From Beverton and Holt to the present. Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries. 8:251-272.
Guenette, S., T.J. Pitcher, and C.J. Walters. 1998. The potential of marine reserves for the management of northern cod in Newfoundland.
Guenette, S., and T.J. Pitcher. 1999. An age-structured model showing the benefits of marine reserves in controlling overexploitation. Fisheries Research (Amsterdam). 39:295-303.
Guillory, V., and P. Prejean. 1997. Blue Crab, Callinectes sapidus, trap selectivity studies: mesh size. Marine Fisheries Review. 59:29-31.
Guinet, C., and J. Bouvier. 1995. Development of intentional stranding hunting techniques in killer whale (Orcinus orca) calves at Crozet Archipelago. Can. J. Zool. 27-.
Guinn, S.E. 1978. Humpback whales in Glacier Bay, 1978: an ocean expeditions research report. University of California, Center for Coastal Marine Studies.
Gumma, W., R.W. Couch, and M. Gemperle. 1973. Submarine faults in Glacier Bay, Alaska. American Geophysical Union EOS Transactions. 54:141.
Gunderson, D.R. 1972. Evidence that Pacific ocean perch (sebastes alutus) in Queen Charlotte Sound form aggregations that have different biological characteristics.
Gunderson, D.R., D.A. Armstrong, and C. Rogers. 1985. Sampling design and methodology for juvenile Dungeness crab surveys. Alaska Sea Grant College Program. Fairbanks, Alaska.
Gunderson, D.R., and S. Sundby. 1987. Workshop on comparative biology, assessment, and management of gadoids from the North Pacific and Atlantic Oceans. Fisheries Res. 5:105-110.
Gunderson, D.R., D.A. Armstron, Y. Shi, and R.A. McConnaughey. 1990. Patterns of estuarine use by juvenile English sole (Parohrys vetulus) and Dungeness crab (Cancer magister). Estuaries. 13:59-71.
Gunstrom, G. 1980. The troll fishery in southeast Alaska. Alaska Department of Fish & Game.
Gunther, E. 1966. Art in the life of the Northwest coast indian with a catolog of the Rasmussen collection of Northwest indian art. Superior Publishing Company for the Portland Art Museum, Seattle. pp.
Gunther, E. 1972. Indian life on the Northwest Coast of North America, as seen by the early explorers and fur traders during the last decades of the eighteenth century. University of Chicago Press, Chicago. pp.
Gunther, K., and H. Hoekstra. 1996. Bear-inflicted human injuries in Yellowstone, 1970-1994. 4.
Gurevitch, J., and S.T. Chester Jr. 1986. Analysis of repeated measures experiments. Ecology. 67:251-255.
Gustafson, E.J., and R.H. Gardner. 1996. The effect of landscape heterogeneity on the probability of patch colonization. Ecology (Washington D C). 77:94-107.
Gutermuth, F.B., and D.A. Armstrong. 1989. Temperature-dependent metabolic response of juvenile Dungeness crab Cancer magister Dana: ecological implications for estuarine and coastal populations. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology. 126:135-144.
Haaga, J.A., and B.G. Stevens. 1996. Reproductive conditions fecundity and size at maturity for the arctic lyre crab (Hyas coarctatus) in the eastern Bering Sea. Alaska Sea Grant College Program. Anchorage, AK. 96-02.
Haaker, P.L. 1975. The biology of the california halibut (Paralichthys californicus) in Anaheim Bay. Calif Dep Fish Game Fish Bull.
Haaker, P.L., D.O. Parker, and K.C. Henderson. 1984. Observations of harbor seal, Phoca vitulina richardsi feeding in Southern California waters. Bull. Southern California Acad. Sci. 83:152-153.
Haber, G.C. 1968. McKinley wolf research. Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia.
Haber, G.C. 1968. The social structure of an Alaskan wolf population, volume I. Masters, Northern Michigan University., 181 pp.
Haber, G.C. 1968. The social structure and behavior of an Alaskan wolf population, volume II: appendix. Masters, Northern Michigan University, 36 pp.
Haccou, P., and E. Meelis. 1992. Statistical analysis of behavioral data: an approach based on time-structured models. Oxford University Press, New York. 400 pp.
Hacker, P.L., D.O. Parker, and K.C. Henderson. 1984. Observations of harbor seal, Phoca vitulina richardsi, feeding in Southern California waters. Bull. Southern California Acad. Sci. 83:152-153.
Haenel, N.J. 1986. General notes on the behavioral ontogeny of Puget Sound killer whales and the occurrence of allomaternal behavior. In: Behavioral biology of killer whales. Vol. Alan R. Liss, Inc, pp. 285-300.
Haflinger, K.E., and C.P. McRoy. 1983. Yellowfin sole (Limanda aspera) predation on three commercial crab species (Chionoecetes opilio, C. bairdi, and Paralithodes camtschatica) in the southeastern Bering Sea.
Hagen, P.T., and T.J. Quinn II. 1991. Long-term growth dynamics of young Pacific halibut: evidence of temperature-induced variation. Fisheries Res. 11:283-306.
Hagen, P. 1995. Evaluating a crystal pattern in the microstructures of juvenile Pacific halibut otoliths as a means for identifying nursery area location. In: Proceedings of the international symposium on north Pacific flatfish. Vol. Alaska Sea Grant College Program, Fairbanks, Alaska, pp. 305-319.
Hain, J.H.W., C. G.R., S.D. Kraus, C.A. Mayo, and H.E. Winn. 1982. Feeding behavior of the humpback whale (Megaptera novaeangliae) in the western North Atlantic. Fish. Bull. 80(2):259-268.
Hain, J.H.W. 1995. Apparent bottom feeding by humpback whales on Stellwagen Bank. Marine Mammal Science. 11:464-479.
Halcrow, K., and C.G.H. Steel. 1991. Cuticular repair in the mature snow crab (Chionoecetes opilio) (Majidae; Crustacea): relation to ecdysteroids. Can. J. Zool. 70:314-319.
Haldorson, L., J. Watts, D. Sterritt, and M. Pritchett. 1989. Seasonal abundance of larval Walleye Pollock in Auke Bay, Alaska, relative to pysical factors, primary production, and production of zooplankton prey. University of Alaska Sea Grant College Program. Ancorage, Alaska.
Haldorson, L., and J. Collie. 1990. Distribution of Pacific herring larvae in Sitka Sound, Alaska. School of Fisheries and Ocean Sciences, University of Alaska, Fairbanks.
Hale, L.Z., and G.R. Wright. 1979. The Glacier Bay marine ecosystem: a conceptual ecological model. U.S. National Park Service, Alaska Regional Office, Anchorage.
Hale, R.S., and J.H. Gray. 1998. Retention and detection of coded wire tags and elastomer tags in trout. North American Journal of Fisheries Management. 18:197-201.
Haley, M.P., C.J. Deutsch, and B.J. Le Boeuf. 1994. Size, dominance and copulatory success in male northern elephant seals, Mirounga angustirostris. Anim. behav. 48:1249-1260.
Hall, G.A. 1960. Transcription of an interview of Alex Andrews of Sitka, Alaska, by George A. Hall, Park Historian. U.S. Department of the Interior. Sitka, AK.
Hall, G.A. 1962. Report of a visit to Hoonah, Alaska, July 1960 for the purpose of acquiring data on the Tlingit Indian legends of Glacier Bay. Translations and special interpretations by Peter C. Nielson, Sitka, AK. U.S. National Park Service, Sitka National Historic Park.
Hall, J.D., and C.S. Johnson. 1971. Auditory thresholds of a killer whale (Orcinus orca linnaeus). The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America. 51:515-517.
Hall, J.D., and L.H. Cornell. 1986. Killer whales of Prince William Sound, Alaska ; results of 1985 field research. Sea World Incorporated. San Diego, CA.
Hall, S.J., D.J. Basford, M.R. Robertson, D.G. Raffaelli, and I. Tuck. 1991. Patterns of recolonisation and the importance of pit-digging by the crab Cancer pagurus in a subtidal sand habitat. Marine Ecol. Prog. Rep. 72:93-102.
Hall, S.J., M.R. Robertson, D.J. Basford, and R. Fryer. 1993. Pit-digging by the crab Cancer pagurus: a test for long-term large-scale effects on infaunal community structure. J. Amer. Stat. Assoc. 62:59-66.
Hall, S.J. 1998. Closed areas for fisheries management - the case consolidates. Trends in Ecology and Evolution. 13:297-298.
Haller, M.A., K.M. Kovacs, and M.O. Hammill. 1996. Maternal behavior and energy investment by grey seals (Halichoerus grypus) breeding on land-fast ice. Can. J. Zool. 74:1531-1541.
Hallet, B., L. Hunter, and J. Bogen. 1996. Rates of erosion and sediment evacuation by glaciers: A review of field data and their implications. Global and Planetary Change. 12:213-235.
Hallett, J.G., M.A. O'Connell, G.D. Sanders, and J. Seidensticker. Comparison of population estimators for medium-sized mammals. Journal of Wildlife Management. 55:81-93.
Hallowed, A.B., and M.B. A. 1993. Harvest strategies for Gulf of Alaska Walleye Pollock. Alaska Sea Grant College Program. University of Alaska Fairbanks. 93-02.
Ham, N.R., and D.M. Mickelson. 1995. Micromorphology of basal till, Burroughs Glacier, Alaska. U.S. National Park Service. Glacier Bay National Park & Preserve, AK. 1993.
Ham Jr., N.R. 1991. Sediment fabric, micromorphology, and genesis at the southeastern terminus of the Burroughs Glacier, Glacier Bay, Alaska. M.S. Thesis (Geology), University of Wisconsin, Madison, pp.
Hambrey, M., and J. Alean. 1992. Glaciers. Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge, U.K. 49-52 pp.
Hamel, J.F., and A. Mercier. 1996. Early development, settlement, growth, and spatial distribution of the sea cucumber Cucumaria frondosa (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea). Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 53:253-271.
Hamer, K.C., P. Monaghan, J.D. Uttley, P. Walton, and M.D. Burns. 1993. The influence of food supply on the breeding ecology of Kittiwakes Rissa tridactyla in Shetland. Ibis. 135:255-263.
Hamilton, W.D. 1971. Geometry for the selfish heard. J. Zool., Lond. 7:1-52.
Hamilton, T.D. 1972. Geologic investigations: Ground Hog Bay, Alaska, July 1971. University of Alaska, Department of Geology.
Hamilton, T.D. 1986. Glaciation in Alaska. In: T.D. Hamilton, K.M. Reed and R.M. Thorson (eds.), Glaciation in Alaska, the Geologic Record. Vol. Alaska Geological Society, Anchorage, pp. 1-8.
Hamilton, D.A., and D.K. Fantz. 1995. Age ratios and age-specific reproduction of harvested raccoons in north and south Missouri in 1992 and 1993. Missouri dept of conservation.
Hamilton, S., and H. Moller. 1995. Can PVA models using computer packages offer useful conservation advice? Sooty shearwaters Puffinus griseus in New Zealand as a case study. Bio. Cons. 73:107-117.
Hamilton, L.S. 1996. A campaign for cloud forests: unique and valuable ecosystems at risk. The journal of the George Wright society. 13:29-39.
Hamilton, P.K., G.S. Stone, and S.M. Martin. 1997. Note on a deep humpback whale Megaptera novaeangliae dive near Bermuda. Bull. Mar. Sci. 61:491-491.
Hamilton, P.K., A.R. Knowlton, M.K. Marx, and S.D. Kraus. 1998. Age structure and longevity in North Atlantic right whales eubalaena glacialis and their relation to reproduction. Mar. Environ. Res. 171:258-292.
Hamley, J.M., and H.A. Regier. 1973. Direct estimates of gillnet selectivity to walleye (Stizostedion vitreum vitreum). Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada. 30:817-830.
Hamley, J.M. 1975. Review of gillnet selectivity. Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada. 32:1943-1969.
Hammarstrom, L.F., and M.F. Merritt. 1985. A survey of Pacific weathervane scallops (Pecten caurinus) in Kamishak Bay, Alaska. Alaska Department of Fish & Game.
Hammerschmidt, P., T. Wagner, and G. Lewis. 1998. Status and trends in the Texas blue crab (Callinectes sapidus). Journal of Shellfish Research. 17.
Hammil, M.O., C. Lydersen, M. Ryg, and T.G. Smith. 1991. Lactation in the ringed seal (Phoca hispida). Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 48:2471-2476.
Hammil, M.O., G.B. Stenson, R.A. Myers, and W.T. Stobo. 1998. Pup production and population trends of the grey seal (Halichoerus grypus) in the Gulf of St. Lawrence. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 55:423-430.
Hammill, M.O., R.A. Myers, and G. Stenson. 1992. An aerial survey estimate of 1989 grey seal (Halichoerus grypus) pup production in St. Georges Bay, Nova Scotia. Canadian Atlantic Fisheries Scientific Advisory Committee.
Hammond, P.S. 1986. Estimating the size of naturally marked whale populations using capture-recapture techniques. Reports of the International Whaling Commission (Special Issue 8). 253-282.
Hammond, P.S., and P.M. Thompson. 1991. Minimum estimate of the number of Bottlenose Dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) in the Moray Firth, NE Scotland. Bio. Cons. 56:79-87.
Hammond, P.S., A.J. Hall, and J.H. Prime. 1994. The diet of grey seals in the Inner and Outer Hebrides. Journal of Applied Ecology. 31:737-746.
Hammond, P.S., A.J. Hall, and J.H. Prime. 1994. The diet of grey seals around Orkney and other island and mainland sites in north-eastern Scotland. Journal of Applied Ecology. 31:340-350.
Hamner, W.M., and I.R. Hauri. 1977. Fine-scale surface currents in the Whitsunday Islands, Queensland, Australia: Effect of tide and topography. Aust. J. Mar. Freshwat. Res. 28:333-359.
Hamre, J. 1994. Biodiversity and exploitation of the main fish stocks in the Norweigian-Barents Sea ecosystem. Biodiversity and Conservation. 3:473-492.
Han-Lin, L., and A. Bradbury. 1998. A modified catch-at-size analysis model for a red sea urchin (Strongylocentrotus franciscanus) population. In: G. Jamieson and A. Campbell (eds.), Proceedings of the North Pacific symposium on invertebrate stock assessment and management. Vol. 125. Canadian Special Publication of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, pp. 85-96.
Hancock, D.A. 1965. Yield assessment in the Norfolk fishery for crabs (Cancer pagurus). Journal du Conseil, Conseil International pour l'Exploration de la Mer. 156:81-94.
Hancock, D.A., and E. Edwards. 1967. Estimation of annual growth in the edible crab (Cancer pagurus L.). Journal du Conseil, Conseil International pour l'Exploration de la Mer. 31(2):246-264.
Hand, D. 1994. Orca. July/August.
Haney, J.C. 1986. Seabird affinities for Gulf Stream frontal eddies: responses of mobile marine consumers to episodic upwelling. J. Mar. Biol. Assoc. (UK). 44:361-384.
Haney, J.C., and A.E. Stone. 1988. Seabird foraging tactics and water clarity: are plunge divers really in the clear? Marine Ecol. Prog. Rep. 49:1-9.
Haney, J.C., and A.R. Solow. 1992. Testing for resource use and selection by marine birds. Journal of Field Ornithology. 63:43-52.
Hankin, D.G., T.H. Butler, P.W. Wild, and Q.-L. Xue. Reproduction of female Dungeness crabs: Is there a shortage of large males in intensely harvested populations? draft manuscript.
Hankin, D.G., N. Diamond, M. Mohr, and J. Ianelli. 1983. Molt increments, annual molting probabilities, fecundity and survival rates of adult female Dungeness crabs in northern California. Humboldt State University.
Hankin, D.G. 1984. Multistage sampling designs in fisheries research: applications in small streams. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 41:1575-1591.
Hankin, D.G. 1985. Proposed explanations for fluctuations in abundance of Dungeness crabs: A review and critique. Alaska Sea Grant College Program. Fairbanks, Alaska.
Hankin, D.G., N. Diamond, M. Mohr, and J. Ianelli. 1985. Molt increments, annual molting probabilities, fecundity and survival rates of adult female Dungeness crabs in northern California. Alaska Sea Grant College Program. Fairbanks, Alaska.
Hankin, D.G., N. Diamond, M.S. Mohr, and J. Ianelli. 1989. Growth and reproductive dynamics of adult female Dungeness crabs (Cancer magister) in northern California [USA]. J Cons Cons Int Explor Mer. 46:94-108.
Hankin, D.G., and Q.-L. Xue. 1996. Preliminary report on interannual variation in size-specific molting probabilities of adult female Dungeness crabs in Glacier Bay, Alaska. Alaska Sea Grant College Program. Anchorage, AK (USA). 96-02.
Hankin, D.G., T.H. Butler, P.W. Wild, and Q.-L. Xue. 1996. Does intense male harvest limit egg production of protected female stocks of Dungeness crabs? Alaska Sea Grant College Program. Anchorage, AK (USA). 96-02.
Hanley, T.A., and J.D. McKendrick. 1983. Seasonal changes in chemical composition and nutritive value of native forages in a spruce-hemlock forest, SE Alaska. U.S. Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Forest and Range Experiment Station.
Hannah, R.W. 1980. Age, growth and food habits of Smallmouth Bass (Micropterus dolomieui) from Clair Engle Reservior, CA. M.S. Thesis, Humbolt State University, pp.
Hannah, R.W., and S.A. Jones. 1990. Fishery-induced changes in the population structure of pink shrimp (Pandalus jordani). Fish. Bull. 89:41-51.
Hannesson, R. 1993. Strategies for stabilization: constant catch or constant fishing effort? Alaska Sea Grant College Program. University of Alaska Fairbanks. 93-02.
Hansen, P.M. Tagging experiments with the greenland shark (somniosus microcephalus) (Block and Schneider)) in Subarea 1. In: Vol. pp. 172-175.
Hansen, A.J., E.L. Boeker, J.I. Hodges, and D.R. Cline. 1984. Bald eagles of the Chilkat Valley, Alaska: ecology, behavior, and management. National Audubon Society.
Hansen, A.J., and J.I. Hodges. 1985. High rates of nonbreeding adult bald eagles in southeastern Alaska. Journal of Wildlife Management. 49:454-458.
Hansen, A.J. 1987. Regulation of bald eagle reproduction rates in southeast Alaska. Ecology. 68:1387-1392.
Hansen, B.C.S., and D.R. Engstrom. 1994. Regional and local vegetation history of Pleasant Island, Southeast Alaska: 13,000 yr B.P. to present. Limnological Research Center. Minneapolis, Minnesota.
Hansen, S., D.M. Lavigne, and S. Innes. 1995. Energy metabolism and thermoregulation in juvenile harbor seals (Phoca vitulina) in air. 68(2):290-315.
Hanson, J.M., and W.C. Leggett. 1982. Empirical prediction of fish biomass and yield. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 39:257-263.
Hansteen, T.L., H.P. Andreassen, and R.A. Ims. 1997. Effects of spatiotemporal scale on autocorrelation and home range estimators. Journal of Wildlife Management. 61:280-290.
Harbo, R. 1998. New directions in invertebrate fisheries management in British Columbia, Canada. In: G. Jamieson and A. Campbell (eds.), Proceedings of the North Pacific symposium on invertebrate stock assessment and management. Vol. 125. Canadian Special Publication of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, pp. 429-437.
Harcourt, A.H. 1995. PVA in theory and practice. Cons. Biology. 9:707-708.
Hard, J.S. 1974. The forest ecosystem of southeast Alaska: 2. Forest insects. U.S. Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Forest and Range Experiment Station, Portland.
Hardman, J.T., M.E. Hale, P.K. Hardman, and M.L. Beck. 1983. Report on activity of lichen lectins. Lichenologist. 15:303-305.
Harestad, A.S., and H.D. Fisher. 1975. Social behavior in a non-pupping colony of Steller sea lions (Eumetopias jubata). Can. J. Zool. 53:1596-1613.
Harestad, A.S., and H.D. Fisher. 1975. Social behavior in a non-pupping colony of Steller sea lions (Eumetopias jubata). Fisheries Research Board of Canada. Vancouver, British Columbia.
Harke, V.L. 1993. 1993 midwinter trumpeter swan survey, Yakutat Ranger District, Chatham area, Tongass National Forest. U.S. Forest Service. Yakutat, Alaska.
Harlin, A.D., B. Wursig, C.S. Baker, and T.M. Markowitz. 1999. Skin swabbing for genetic analysis: application to dusky dolphins (Lagenorhynchus obscurus). Marine Mammal Science. 15:409-425.
Harmata, A.R., K.M. Podruzny, J.R. Zelenak, and M.L. Morrison. 1999. Using marine surveillance radar to study bird movements and impact assessment. Wildlife Society Bulletin. 27:44-52.
Harmer, S.F. 1928. The history of whaling. The Linnaean Society of London. London.
Harring, S.L. 1989. The Incorporation of Alaska Natvies under American law: the United States and Tlingit sovereignty, 1867-1900. Arizona law review. 31:279-327.
Harrington, B. 1975. 1975 Eagle count. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Harriott, V.J., S.D.A. Smith, and P.L. Harrison. 1994. Patterns of coral community structure of subtropical reefs in the Solitary Islands Marine Reserve, Eastern Australia. Marine Ecol. Prog. Rep. 109:67-76.
Harris, D.V. 1969. Observations of glacier variations, Glacier Bay, Alaska. Colorado State University.
Harris, R.D. 1971. Further evidence of tree nesting in the marbled murrelet. Can. Field-Nat. 85:67-68.
Harris, A.S., and e. al. 1974. The forest ecosystem of southeast Alaska: 1. The setting. U.S. Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Forest and Range Experiment Station, Portland.
Harris, M.P. 1976. The present status of Puffins in Britain and Ireland. British Birds. 69:239-264.
Harris, M.P. 1976. The Seabirds of Shetland in 1974. Scottish Birds. 9:37-38.
Harris, L.K. 1985. Tlingit tales: potlatch and totem pole. Happy Camp, CA.
Harris, M.P. 1987. A low-input method of monitoring Kittiwake (Rissa tridactyla) breeding success. Bio. Cons. 41:1-10.
Harris, R.B., and F.W. Allendorf. 1989. Genetically effective population size of large mammals: An assessment of estimators. Cons. Biology. 3:181-191.
Harris, M.P., and S. Wanless. 1990. Breeding success of British kittiwakes (Rissa tridactyla) in 1986-1988: Evidence for changing conditions in the northern North Sea. Journal of Applied Ecology. 27:172-187.
Harris, M.P., and J. Calladine. 1993. A check on the efficiency of finding colour-ringed Kittiwakes Rissa tridactyla. Ringing & Migration. 14:113-116.
Harris, M.P., and S. Wanless. 1997. Breeding success, diet, and brood neglect in the Kittiwake (Rissa tridactyla) over an 11-year period. ICES Journal of Marine Science. 54:615-623.
Harrison, W. Russell Fjord and its damming: Information for the layman penned on Alaska Airlines flight 66.
Harrison, R.J. 1960. Reproduction and reproductive organs in common seals (Phoca vitulina) in the Wash, East Anglia. Mammal Review. VIII:372-385.
Harrison, R.J., and G.L. Kooyman. 1968. General physiology of the pinnipedia. In: R.J. Harrison (ed.), The behavior and physiology of pinnipeds. Vol. 7. Meredith Corporation, New York, pp. 211-296.
Hart, J.L. 1988. Pacific fishes of Canada. Research Board of Canada., Ottawa, Canada K1A 0S9. pp.
Hartley, C.H., and J. Fisher. 1936. The marine foods of birds in an inland fjord region in West Spitsbergen. Part 2. Birds. J. Amer. Stat. Assoc. 5:370-389.
Hartley, C.H., and M.J. Dunbar. 1938. On the hydrographic mechanism of the so-called brown zones associated with tidal glaciers. J. Mar. Biol. Assoc. (UK). 1:305-311.
Hartt, A.C., and M.B. Dell. 1986. Early oceanic migrations and growth of juvenile Pacific salmon and steelhead trout. International North Pacific fisheries commission. Vancouver, Canada.
Harvey, J.T., R. Brown, and B. Mate. 1983. Two sightings following release of rehabilitated harbor seals. OSU Sea Grant. 64:1.
Harvey, J.T. 1989. Assessment of errors associated with harbor seal (Phoca vitulina) faecal sampling. Journal of the Zoological Society of London. 219:101-111.
Harvey, J.T. 1989. Food habits, seasonal abundance, size, and sex of the blue shark, Prionace glauca, in Monterey Bay, California. California Fish and Game. 75:33-44.
Harvey, J.T., R.F. Brown, and B.R. Mate. 1990. Abundance and distrubution of harbor seals (Phoca vitulina) in Oregon, 1975-1983. Northwestern Naturalist. 71:65-71.
Harvey, J.T. 1991. Survival and behavior of previously captive harbor seals after release into the wild. Miami, Florida.
Harvey, J.T., and M.E. Dahlheim. 1994. Cetaceans in oil. In: T.R. Loughlin (ed.), Marine Mammals and the Exxon Valdez. Vol. 15. Academic Press Inc, pp. 257-264.
Harwell, M.A. et al. 1999. A framework for an ecosystem integrity report card: examples from South Florida show how an ecosystem report card links societal values and scientific information. BioScience. 49:543-556.
Harwood, J., and J.H. Prime. 1978. Some factors affecting the size of British grey seal populations. Journal of Applied Ecology. 15:401-411.
Harwood, J., and A. Hall. 1990. Mass mortality in marine mammals: its implications for population dynamics and genetics. Trends in ecology and evolution. 5:254-257.
Harwood, J. 2000. Risk assessment and decision analysis in conservation. Bio. Cons. 95:219-226.
Haselton, G.M. 1966. Glacial geology of Muir Inlet, southeast Alaska. Ohio State University, Institute of Polar Studies. Columbus.
Haselton, G.M. 1979. Some glaciogenic landforms in Glacier Bay National Monument, southeastern Alaska. In: C.H. Schluchter (ed.), Monit. Zool. Ital. Vol. A.A. Balkema, Rotterdam, Netherland, pp. 197-206.
Haselton, G.M. 1987. Glacial geology features of McBride remnant valley around Nunatak Knob, southeastern Alaska. Ohio State University, Byrd Polar Research Center. Columbus.
Hastings, B.C., and B.K. Gilbert. 1981. Aversive conditioning of black bears in the backcountry of Yosemite National park. Wildlife Science Department, Utah State University. Logan, Utah.
Hastings, A., and K. Higgins. 1994. Persistence of transients in spatially structured ecological models. Scientific Reports Whales Research Institute, Tokyo. 263:1133-1136.
Hastings, K.K., and J.W. Testa. 1998. Maternal and birth colony effects on survival of Weddell seal offspring from McMurdo Sound, Antarctica. J. Amer. Stat. Assoc. 67:722-740.
Hastings, A., and L.W. Botsford. 1999. Equivalence in yield from marine reserves and traditional fisheries management. Scientific Reports Whales Research Institute, Tokyo. 284:1537-1538.
Hastings, K.K., J.W. Testa, and E.A. Rexstad. 1999. Interannual variation in survival of juvenile (Leptonychotes weddelli) Weddell seals from McMurdo Sound, Antarctica: effects of cohort, sex and age. Journal of Zoology. 247:1-16.
Hasty, G.W. 1971. Mammalian invasion of the Beardslee Island group. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Hatch, S.A., and M.A. Hatch. 1983. Populations and habitat use of marine birds in the Semidi Islands, Alaska. The Murrelet. 64:39-46.
Hatch, S.A. 1987. Did the 1982-1983 El Nino-Southern Oscillation affect seabirds in Alaska? Wilson Bulletin. 99:468-474.
Hatch, S.A. 1987. Adult Survival and Productivity of Northern Fulmars in Alaska USA. The Condor. 89:685-696.
Hatch, S.A. 1987. Copulation and mate guarding in the northern fulmar. Auk. 104:450-461.
Hatch, S.A., and M.A. Hatch. 1988. Colony attendance and population monitoring of black-legged kittiwakes on the Semidi Islands, Alaska. The Condor. 90:613-620.
Hatch, S.A. 1988. Testing for Individual Variation in Breeding Success. Auk. 105:193-194.
Hatch, S.A. 1989. Diurnal and seasonal patterns of colony attendance in the northern fulmer, Fulmarus glacialis, in Alaska [USA]. Can. Field-Nat. 103:248-260.
Hatch, S.A., and M.A. Hatch. 1989. Attendance patterns of murres at breeding sites: Implications for monitoring. Journal of Wildlife Management. 53:483-493.
Hatch, S.A., and M.A. Hatch. 1990. Components of breeding productivity in a marine bird community: Key factors and concordance. Can. J. Zool. 68:1680-1690.
Hatch, S.A. 1990. Individual variation in behavior and breeding success of northern fulmars. Auk. 107:750-755.
Hatch, S.A., and M.A. Hatch. 1990. Breeding seasons of oceanic birds in a subarctic colony. Can. J. Zool. 68:1664-1679.
Hatch, S.A. 1990. Time allocation by northern fulmars Fulmarus glacialis during the breeding season. Ornis Scandinavica. 21:89-98.
Hatch, S.A. 1990. Incubation rhythm in the fulmar Fulmarus glacialis: Annual variation and sex roles. Ibis. 132:515-524.
Hatch, S.A. 1991. Evidence for color phase effects on the breeding and life history of northern fulmars. The Condor. 93:409-417.
Hatch, S.A., and G.A. Sanger. 1992. Puffins as samplers of juvenile pollock and other forage fish in the Gulf of Alaska. Marine Ecol. Prog. Rep. 80:1-14.
Hatch, S.A., G.V. Byrd, D.B. Irons, and G.L. Hunt Jr. 1993. Status and ecology of kittiwakes (Rissa tridactyla and R. brevirostris) in the North Pacific. In: K. Vermeer, K.T. Briggs, K.H. Morgan and D. Siegel-Causey (eds.), The status, ecology, and conservation of marine birds of the North Pacific. Vol. Canadian Wildlife Service Special Publication, Ottawa, Canada, pp. 140-153.
Hatch, S.A., B.D. Roberts, and B.S. Fadely. 1993. Adult survival of Black-Legged Kittiwakes Rissa tridactyla in a Pacific colony. Ibis. 135:247-254.
Hatch, S.A., and J.F. Piatt. 1994. Status and trends of seabirds in Alaska. National Biological Survey.
Hatch, S.A., G.W. Kaiser, A.Y. Kondratyev, and G.V. Byrd. 1994. A seabird monitoring program for the North Pacific.
Hatch, S.A., A.Y. Kondratyev, and L.F. Kondratyeva. 1994. Comparative demography of black-legged kittiwakes (Rissa tridactyla) in the Gulf of Alaska and Sea of Okhotsk. Dalnauka Publishing House: Vladivostok, Russia. Anchorage, Alaska, USA, August 25-27, 1994 and Vladivostok, Russia, August 29-September 2, 1994. 1.
Hatfield, S.E. 1983. Intermolt staging and distribution of Dungeness crab, Cancer magister, megalopae. In: P.W. Wild and R.N. Tasto (eds.), Life history, environment, and mariculture studies of the Dungeness crab, (Cancer magister), with emphasis on the central California fishery resource. Vol. 172. California Department of Fish and Game, pp. 85-96.
Hatfield, S.E. 1983. Distribution of zooplankton in association with Dungeness crab, Cancer magister, larvae in California. In: P.W. Wild and R.N. Tasto (eds.), Life history, environment, and mariculture studies of the Dungeness crab, (Cancer magister), with emphasis on the central California fishery resource. Vol. 172. California Department of Fish and Game, pp. 97-124.
Hatler, D.F., and J.D. Darling. 1974. Recent observations of the gray whale in British Columbia. Can. Field-Nat. 88:449-459.
Haug, T., and J. Tjemsland. 1986. Changes in size- and age-distributions and age at sexual maturity in Atlantic halibut, Hippoglossus hippoglossus , caught in North Norwegian waters. Fisheries Res. 4:145-155.
Haug, T., and S.E. Fevolden. 1988. Migration and population patterns of Atlantic halibut Hippoglossus hippoglossus in Norwegian waters. Fauna (Oslo). 41:94-100.
Haug, T. 1989. Biological considerations concerning the sexual life of the Atlantic halibut (Hippoglossus hippoglossus). Fauna (Oslo). 42:21-29.
Haug, T. 1990. Biology of the Atlantic halibut, Hippoglossus hippoglossus. In: Adv. Mar. Biol. Vol. 26. pp. 1-71.
Haug, T., H. Gjøsæter, U. Lindstrøm, and K. Nilssen. 1993. Studies of minke whale Balaenoptera acutorostrata ecology in the Northeast Atlantic: preliminary results from studies of diet and food availability during summer 1992. International Council for the Exploration of the Sea.
Haug, T., U. Lindstrøm, K.T. Nilssen, and I. Røttingen. 1994. Studies of minke whale (Balaenoptera acutorostrata) ecology in the northeast Atlantic: description of the 1993 scientific catch operatons and preliminary results from stomach analyses and resource surveys. International Council for the Exploration of the Sea.
Haug, T., J. Gjøsæter, U. Lindstrøm, and K.T. Nilssen. 1995. Diet and food availability for north-east Atlantic minke whales (Balaenoptera acutorostrata), during the summer of 1992. ICES J. Mar. Sci. 52:77-86.
Haugen, C.W. 1983. Field and laboratory studies of toxic trace elements in Dungeness crabs. In: P.W. Wild and R.N. Tasto (eds.), Life history, environment, and mariculture studies of the Dungeness crab, (Cancer magister), with emphasis on the central California fishery resource. Vol. 172. California Department of Fish and Game, pp. 227-238.
Haugen, C.W. 1983. Chlorinated hydrocarbon pesticides and chlorinated biphenyls in Dungeness crabs. In: P.W. Wild and R.N. Tasto (eds.), Life history, environment, and mariculture studies of the Dungeness crab, (Cancer magister), with emphasis on the central California fishery resource. Vol. 172. California Department of Fish and Game, pp. 239-242.
Havens, K. 1992. Scale and structure in natural food webs. Scientific Reports Whales Research Institute, Tokyo. 257:1107-1109.
Hawkes, C.R. The prevalence of the rhizocephalan (Briarosaccus callosus) Boschma, a parasite in blue king crabs, (Paralithodes platypus) (Brandt), of southeastern Alaska. 353-361.
Hawkes, C.R., T.R. Meyers, and T.C. Shirley. 1986. Length-weight relationships of blue (Paralithodes platypus) and golden (Lithodes aequispina) king crabs parasitized by the rhizocephalan (Briarosaccus callosu) boschma. Fish. Bull. 84:8-1 thru 8-6.
Hawkes, C.R., T.R. Meyers, and T.C. Shirley. 1986. Prevalence of the parasitic barnacle Briarosaccus callosus on king crabs of Southeastern Alaska. Transactions. American Fisheries Society. 115:252-257.
Hawkes, C.R., T.R. Meyers, and T.C. Shirley. 1987. Growth of Alaskan blue king crabs, Paralithodes platypus (Brandt), parasitized by the rhizocephalan Briarosaccus callosus Boschma. Crustaceana. 52:78-84.
Hawkins, A.D., G.G. Urquhart, G.W. Smith, C.J. Amlaner, Jr., and D.W. Macdonald. 1980. Ultrasonic tracking of juvenile cod by means of a large spaced hydrophone array. In: C.J. Amlaner, Jr. and D.W. Macdonald (eds.), A handbook on biotelemetry and radio tracking. Vol. Pergamon Press, Oxford, pp. 461-470.
Hawkins, A.D., and A.A. Myrberg. 1983. Hearing and sound communication under water. In: B. Lewis (ed.), Bioacoustics. Vol. Academic Press, London, pp. 347-405.
Hay, K.A. 1985. Status of the humpback whale (Megaptera novaeangliae) in Canada. Can. Field-Nat. 99:425-432.
Hayes, M.L., and D.T. Montgomery. 1963. Movements of king crabs tagged and released in Shumagin Islands area 1957-62. United States Department of the Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service.
Haymes, S. 1995. Commercial fisheries entry commission: news release. Juneau, AK.
Haynes, E.B. 1968. Relation of fecundity and egg length to carapace length in the king crab (Paralithodes camtschatica). Proc. NIPR Symp. Polar Biol. 58:60-62.
Haynes, E.B., and G.C. Powell. 1968. A preliminary report on the Alaska sea scallop- fishery exploration, biology, and commercial processing. Department of fish and game.
Haynes, E. 1983. Distribution and abundance of larvae of king crab (Paralithodes camtschatica) and pandalid shrimp in the Kachemak Bay Area, Alaska 1972 and 1976. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.
Hayward, G.D., and R.D. Ohmart. 1983. Preliminary report on habitat utilization by two pairs of breeding bald eagles in Arizona. In: D.M. Bird (ed.), Biology and Management of Bald Eagles and Ospreys. Vol. Harpell Press, Ste. Anne de Bellevue, Quebec, pp. 325.
Hayward, G.D., P.H. Hayward, and E.O. Garton. 1987. Movements and Home Range Use by Boreal Owls in Central Idaho. USDA Forest Service. Winnipeg, MB.
Hazard, K.W. 1977. Habitat selection by harbor seals in Tenakee Inlet and Freshwater Bay, Chichagof Island, summer 1977. Pacific Northwest Forest and Range Experiment Station, Forestry Science Laboratory.
Hazard, K.W. 1978. Report on a survey of habitat selection by harbor seals in Tenakee Inlet and Freshwater Bay, Chichagof Island, summer, 1977. U.S. Forest Service, Forestry Sciences Laboratory, Juneau.
Härkönen, T. 1987. Seasonal and regional variations in the feeding habits of the harbour seal, Phoca vitulina, in the Skagerrak and the Kattegat. J. Zool., Lond. 213:535-543.
He, X., and J.F. Kitchell. 1990. Direct and indirect effects of predation on a fish community: a whole-lake experiment. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society. 119:825-835.
Heacox, K. 1982. Adams Inlet wildlife survey.
Heacox, K.S. 1983. The Margerie Glacier black-legged kittiwake colony, Glacier Bay Naitonal Park: a census and map. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Heacox, K.S. 1983. In pursuit of the forces of nature: advances and retreats at Glacier Bay. Pacific Discovery. 36:4-17.
Heacox, K.S. 1983. Site impact report, Goose Cove Ranger Station, Glacier Bay National Park. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Heacox, K. 1983. Muir Inlet vegetation transects and moose browse study. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Heacox, K., and T. Bean. 1984. Ice walls, the ebb and flow of tidewater glaciers. Oceanogr. Mar. Biol. Annu. Rev. 17:3-9.
Heacox, K. 1994. Due north: Alaska's Yellowstone. (Denali, National Park). Wildlife Conservation. 97:64-73.
Healey, M.C. 1983. Coastwide distribution and ocean migration patterns of stream- and ocean- type chinook salmon, oncorhynchus tshawytscha. Can. Field-Nat. 97:427-433.
Healey, M.C., and W.R. Heard. 1984. Inter- and intra-population variation in the fecundity of chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) and its relevance to life history theory. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 41:476-483.
Healey, M.C., and C. Groot. 1987. Marine migration and orientation of ocean-type chinook and sockeye salmon. Am. Fish. Soc. Symp. 1:298-312.
Healey, M.C. 1987. The adaptive significance of age and size at maturity in female sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka). Canadian Special Publication of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 96. 110-117.
Healey, M.C., R.E. Thomson, and J.F.T. Morris. 1990. Distribution of commercial fishing vessels off southwest Vancouver Island in relation to fishing success and oceanic water properties and circulation. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 47:1846-1864.
Healey, M.C. 1990. Implications of climate change for fisheries management policy. Tr. Am. Fish. Soc. 119:366-373.
Heard, W.R. 1982. Chinook salmon fisheries and enhancement in Alaska: a 1982 overview. Tokyo, Japan.
Hearn, B.J., S.N. Luttich, M. Crete, and M.B. Berger. 1990. Survival of radio-collared caribou (Rangifer tarandus caribou) from the George River herd, Nouveau-Quebec - Labrador. 68. 2:
Heath, J., A. Slater, D. Daniels, and S. Merrifield. 1982. Duration of vocal behaviour during the greeting ceremony of the Kittiwake (Rissa tridactyla). Behaviour Analysis Letters. 2:221-225.
Heath, C. 1991. Steller sea lion recovery team recommendations for critical habitat for Steller sea lions. U.S. National Marine Fisheries Service.
Hebert, M., K. Robichaud-Leblanc, P. De Grace, M. Biron, and M. Moriyasu. 1997. Assessment of the 1995 and 1996 snow crab (Chionoecetes opilio) exploratory fisheries in the Laurentian Channel (zone E) and the Magdalen Islands/Cape Breton (zone F) area, in the southern Gulf of St. Lawrence. Department of fisheries and oceans.
Hebert, M., E. Wade, P. De Grace, M. Biron, and M. Moriyasu. 1997. 1996 Assessment of snow crab (Chionoecetes opilio) stock in the southern Gulf of St. Lawrence (Areas 12, 18, 19, 25/26 and Zones E and F). Department of fisheries and oceans.
Hebert, M.E., P. Wade, A. De Grace, A. Hebert, M. Biron, and M. Moriyasu. 1998. 1997 assessment of snow crab Chionoecetes opilio stock in the southern Gulf of St. Lawrence (Areas 12-25/26, 18, 19 and zones E and F). Fisheries and Oceans Canada. Ottawa.
Hebert, M., and M. Moriyasu. 1998. Southern Gulf Snow Crab. Department of Fisheries and Oceans.
Heggie, D.T. 1972. Observations of gases in sediments of Alaskan aquatic environments: Queen Inlet, Glacier Bay National Monument. University of Alaska, Institute of Marine Science.
Heide-Jorgenson, M.-P., A.M.J. Teilmann, H. Benke, and W. Schultz. 1992. Harbour porpoise (Phocoena phocoena) densities obtained from aerial surveys north of Fyn in the Bay of Kiel. Ophelia. 35:133-146.
Heifetz, J., S.W. Johnson, K.V. Koski, and M.L. Murphy. 1989. Migration timing, size, and salinity tolerance of sea-type sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) in an Alaska estuary. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 46:633-637.
Heifetz, J., and J.T. Fujioka. 1991. Movement dynamics of tagged sablefish in the northeastern Pacific. Fisheries Research (Amsterdam). 11:355-374.
Heimlich-Boran, J.R. 1988. Behavioral ecology of killer whales (Orcinus orca) in the Pacific Northwest. Can. J. Zool. 66:565-578.
Hein, R.G. 1996. Mobbing behavior in juvenile french grunts. Copeia. 989-991.
Hein, R.G. 1996. Shorter contributions. Copeia. 4:989-994.
Heiny, J.S. 1983. Sediment characteristics of rapidly retreating temperate valley glaciers. M.S. Thesis (Geology), Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, pp.
Heiny, J.S., and S.A. Rodenbach. 1986. Supra-glacial debris on the Burroughs Glacier, Glacier Bay, Alaska. University of Wisconsin, Department of Geology and Geophysics, and Department of Geography.
Helle, E., M. Olsson, and S. Jensen. 1976. PCB levels correlated with pathological changes in seal uteri. 5:261-263.
Helle, E. 1980. Aerial census of ringed seals (Pusa hispida) basking on the ice of the Bothnian Bay, Baltic. Holarctic Ecology. 3:183-189.
Helle, J.H. 1983. "Gene banks" for wild fish stocks.
Helle, H.J. 1984. Age and size at maturity of some populations of chum salmon in North America. Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk, USSR.
Helm, D.J., and E.B. Allen. 1995. Vegetation chronosequence near Exit Glacier, Kenai Fjords National Park, Alaska, U.S.A. Arctic and Alpine Research. 27:246-257.
Helm, D.J., E.B. Allen, and J.M. Trappe. 1996. Mycorrhizal chronosequence near Exit Glacier, Alaska. Canadian Journal of Botany. 74:1496-1506.
Henderson, P.A., and R.H.A. Holmes. 1991. On the population dynamics of dab, sole and flounder within Bridgwater Bay in the lower Severn Estuary, England. Neth, J. Sea Res. 27.
Henderson, P.A., and R.M.H. Seaby. Undated. On the factors influencing juvenile flatfish abundance in the lower Severn Estuary, England. 1-28.
Hennessy, M.B., P. Schaefer, and H. Lentfer. 1996. Wilderness visitor use issues at Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve. Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve. Gustavus, AK.
Hennick, D.P. 1970. Reproductive cycle, size at maturity, and sexual composition of commercially harvested weathervane scallops (patinopecten caurinus) in Alaska. Journal fisheries research board of Canada. 27:2112-2119.
Hennick, D.P. 1972. Sea scallop, patinopecten caurinus, investigations in Alaska. Alaska department of fish and game.
Hennon, P.E. 1985. Causes of basal scars on Alaska cedar. U.S. Forest Service, Forestry Sciences Laboratory, Juneau.
Hennon, P.E. 1991. Survival, growth, grazing, and shoot blight of planted Alaska yellow-cedar seedlings in southeast Alaska. U.S. Forest Service.
Henny, C.J., and R.G. Anthony. 1989. Bald eagle and osprey. Institute for Wildlife Research.
Hensel, D. 1978. Manuscript review on the Streveler manuscript on Glacier Bay seals.
Hentschel, B.T. 1998. Intraspecific Variations in 13C Indicate Ontogenetic Diet Changes in Deposit-Feeding Polychaetes. Ecological Society of America. 79(4):1357-1369.
Herman, A.W., and K.L. Denman. 1976. Rapid underway profiling with an in situ fluorometer mounted on a "Batfish" vehicle. Deep Sea Res. 27:79-96.
Herman, L.M. 1980. Cetacean behavior mechanisms and functions. Wiley-Interscience Publication, New York. 463 pp.
Herman, L.M., and W.N. Tavolga. 1980. The communication systems of cetaceans. In: L.M. Herman (ed.), Cetacean behavior: mechanisms and functions. Vol. John Wiley & Sons, New York, pp. 149-209.
Herrero, S. 1978. A comparison of some features of the evolution, ecology and behavior of the black and grizzly/ brown bears. Environmental Science and Biology University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
Herrero, S., A.H. Weerstra, R.M. Roth, and L. Wiggins. 1993. The conservation significance of bears and their habitat in the Tatshenshini river valley. Canadian Wildlife Federation.
Herrick, F.H. 1892. Microscopical examination of wood from the buried forest, Muir Inlet, Alaska. National Geographic. 4:75-78.
Herter, D.R. 1982. Habitat use and harassment of sandhill cranes staging on the eastern Copper River Delta, Alaska. M.S. Thesis, University of Alaska Fairbanks, pp.
Hestbeck, J.B., J.D. Nichols, and R.A. Malecki. 1991. Estimates of movement and site fidelity using mark-resight data of wintering Canada geese. Ecology. 72:523-533.
Heubeck, M., M.G. Richardson, and C.P. Dore. 1986. Monitoring numbers of Kittiwakes Rissa tridactyla in Shetland. Seabird. 9:32-42.
Heusser, C.J. 1952. Pollen profiles from southeastern Alaska. Ecol. Monogr. 22:331-352.
Heusser, C.J. 1953. Radiocarbon dating of the thermal maximum in southeastern Alaska. Ecology. 34:637-640.
Heusser, C.J. 1954. Alpine fir at Taku Glacier with notes on its postglacial migration to the Territory. Torrey Botany Club Bulletin. 81:83-86.
Heusser, C.J. 1954. Additional pollen profiles from southeastern Alaska. Amer. J. Sci. 252:106-119.
Heusser, C.J. 1960. Late-Pleistocene environments of North Pacific North America. American Geological Society.
Heusser, C.J. 1965. A Pleistocene phytogeographical sketch of the Pacific Northwest and Alaska. In: H.E. Wright and D.C. Frey (eds.), The quaternary of the United States. Vol. Princeton University Press, Princeton, N.Y., pp. 469-484.
Heusser, C.J. 1995. Late-quaternary vegetation response to climatic-glacial forcing in North Pacific America. Mar-April v.16.
Hewitt, R.P. 1991. Krill abundance. Nature. 353:310.
Heyning, J.E., and M.E. Dahlheim. Strandings, incidental kills, and mortality rates of gray whales. U.S. National Marine Fisheries Service, National Marine Mammal Laboratory
Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County.
Heyning, J.E., and M.E. Dahlheim. 1988. Orcinus orca. Mam. Rev. 304:1-9.
HIA. 1994. ANILCA, Glacier Bay National Park, 2nd ice age continues. Hoonah Indian Association. Hoonah, AK.
Hickel, W.J. 1991. Alaska coastal management program annual report, fiscal year 1990. State of Alaska. Juneau, Alaska.
Hickok, D.M., G. Weller, T.N. Davis, V. Alexander, and R. Elsner. 1981. Brady Glacier nickel deposit. American Association for the Advancement of Science, Alaska Division.
Hicks, S.D., and W. Shofnos. 1965. Determination of land emergence from sea level observations in southeast Alaska. Journal of Geophysical Research. 70:3315-3320.
Hicks, D. 1987. 1986 king/Dungeness crab survey, Kodiak, Alaska. Alaska Department of Fish & Game.
Hicks, D., and M.C. Murphy. 1989. A handling study of Dungeness crab at varying air exposure intervals and shell-hardness levels. Alaska Department of Fish and Game.
Higby, L.W. The eagle survey in Wyoming. In: Population Status of Raptors. Vol. pp. 97-102.
Higgins, L.V. 1984. Maternal behavior and attendance pattern of the Steller sea lion in California. M.S., University of California at Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA. 37 pp.
Higgins, L.V., D.P. Costa, A.C. Huntley, and B.J. Le Boeuf. 1988. Behavioral and physiological measurements of maternal investment in the Steller sea lion, Eumetopias jubabtus. Mar. Mamm. Sci. 4:44-58.
Higgins, R.P., V. Storch, and T.C. Shirley. 1993. Scanning and transmission electron microscopical observations on the larvae of Priapulus caudatus (Priapulida). Acta Zool. Stockh. 74:301-319.
Higgins, K., A. Hastings, and L.W. Botsford. 1997. Density dependence and age structure: nonlinear dynamics and population behavior. Am. Nat. 149(2):247-269.
Higgins, K., A. Hastings, J.N. Sarvela, and L.W. Botsford. 1997. Stochastic dynamics and deterministic skeletons: population behavior of Dungeness crab. Scientific Reports Whales Research Institute, Tokyo. 276:1431-1435.
High, W.L. 1976. Escape of Dungeness crabs from pots. Marine Fisheries Review. 38:21-23.
Hilborn, R. 1987. Living with uncertainty in resource management. North American Journal of Fisheries Management. 7:1-5.
Hilborn, R. 1990. Determination of fish movement patterns from tag recoveries using maximum likelihood estimators. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 47:635-643.
Hilden, O. 1965. Habitat selection in birds. 2:53-75.
Hill, B., and R. Hill. 1974. Indian petroglyphs of the Pacific Northwest. Hancock House Publishers, ltd, Saanichton, BC. pp.
Hill, P.S., D.P. DeMaster, and R.J. Small. 1996. Alaska Marine Mammal Stock Assessments 1996. NMFS, NMML. Seattle.
Hill, S., and E. MItchell. 1998. Sperm whale interactions with longline vessels in Alaska waters during 1997.
Hills, S. 1990. Preliminary assessment of mitochondrial DNA variation in Pacific walruses. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.
Hilsinger, J.R., W.E. Donaldson, and R.T. Cooney. 1975. The Alaska snow crab, Chionoecetes bairdi, size and growth. University of Alaska.
Hilsinger, J.R. 1976. Aspects of the reproductive biology of female snow crabs, (Chionoecetes bairdi), from Prince William Sound and the adjacent Gulf of Alaska. Marine Science Communications. 2:201-225.
Hilton, J.W., and D.E. Gaskin. 1978. Comparative volumes and vascular microanatomy of the intrahepatic venous system of the harbour porpoise, Phocoena phocoena (L.). Can. J. Zool. 56:2292-2298.
Himmelberg, G.R., and R.A. Loney. 1981. Petrology of the ultramafic and gabbroic rocks of the Brady Glacier nickel-copper deposit, Fairweather Range, southeastern Alaska. U.S. Geological Survey.
Hinckley, T.C. 1970. The canoe rocks- we do not know what will become of us: the complete transcript of a meeting between governor John Green Brady of Alaska and a group of Tlingit chiefs.
Hinckley, T.C. 1993. Glimpses of societal change amon nineteenth century Tlingit women. Journal of the West. 32:12-24.
Hinckley, T.C. 1994. The Hoonah's 1862 seizure of the Hudson's Bay Company steamer Labouchere-- a mixed message. Journal of the West. 33:22-27.
Hind, A.T., and W.S.C. Gurney. 1998. Are there thermoregulatory constraints on the timing of pupping for harbour seals? Can. J. Zool. 76:2245-2254.
Hinde, R.A. 197? Interactions, relationships and social structure. 11:1-17.
Hines, A.H., and J.S. Pearse. 1982. Abalones, shells, and sea otters: dynamics of prey populations in central California. Ecology. 63:1547-1560.
Hines, A.H. 1991. Fecundity and reproductive output in nine species of Cancer crabs (Crustacea, Brachyura, Cancridae). Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 48:267-275.
Hinrichsen, D. 1996. Reef revival: How do you help an ailing coral reef? Communities and countries are trying to find a cure.
Hinrichsen, D. 1997. Pushing the limits. Humanity and the world's coasts: a status report. Amicus journal. Winter 1997:16-20.
Hinton, R.B., and D.B. Schoephorster. 1966. Soils of the Gustavus, Area, Alaska. U.S. Soil Conservation Service.
Hipkins, F.W. 1972. Dungeness Crab Pots. NOAA, National Marine Fishery Service, Seattle. 1-13 pp.
Hirai, M. 1994. Evaluation of the effects of winter cooling on sea surface temperature in the spring around Tsushima Current regions. Bull. Jpn. Sea Nat. Fish. Res. Inst. 44:1-17.
Hiramoto, K., and S. Sato. 1970. Biological and fisheries survey on an anomuran crab (Lithodes aequispina Benedict) off Boso Peninsula and Sagamie Bay, central Japan. Japanese Journal of Ecology. 20:165-170.
Hirotani, A. 1990. Social organizaion of reindeer (Rangifer tarandus), with special reference to relationships among females. Can. J. Zool. 68:743-749.
Hirsch, K.V., D.A. Woodby, and L.B. Astheimer. 1961. Growth of a nestling marbled murrelet (Brachyramphus marmoratus). The Condor. 83:264-265.
Hjermann, D.O. 2000. Analyzing habitat selection in animals without well-defined home ranges. Ecology. 8:1462-1468.
Hoag, S.H., G.H. Williams, R.J. Myhre, and I.R. McGregor. 1979. Size, age, and frequency of male and female halibut: Setline research catches, 1925-1977. International Pacific Halibut Commision.
Hobbie, E.A. 1994. Controls on nitrogen cycling during primary succession in Glacier Bay, Alaska. U of Virginia, Dept. of Environmental Sciences. Charlottesville, VA.
Hobbie, E.A., S.A. Macko, and H.H. Shugart. 1995. A stable isotopic investigation of nitrogen dynamics at Glacier Bay, Alaska. U.S. National Park Service. Glacier Bay National Park & Preserve, AK. 1993.
Hobbie, E.A. 1995. Fungi and forest: the hidden connection. GBNPS. Gustavus.
Hobbs, R.C., and L.W. Botsford. 1989. Dynamics of an age-structured prey with density- and predation-dependent recruitment: The Dungeness crab and a nemertean egg predator worm. Theor. Popul. Biol. 36:1-22.
Hobbs, R.C., L.W. Botsford, and A. Thomas. 1992. Influence of hydrographic conditions and wind forcing on the distribution and abundance of Dungeness crab (Cancer magister) larvae. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 49:1379-1388.
Hobbs, R.C., and L.W. Botsford. 1992. Diel vertical migration and timing of metamorphosis of larvae of the Dungeness crab Cancer magister. Mar. Behav. and Physiol. 112:417-428.
Hobbs, R.C., and J.A. Lerczak. 1993. Abundance of Pacific white-sided dolphin and Dall's porpoise in Alaska estimated from sightings in the North Pacific Ocean and the Bering Sea during 1987 through 1991. U.S. National Marine Fisheries Service, National Marine Mammal Laboratory.
Hoberg*, E.P. 1981. A re-description of Aporchis continuus new record trematoda echinostomatidae with new host and geographic records. Can. J. Zool. 59:19-21.
Hobson, E.S. 1963. Feeding behavior in three species of sharks. Pacific Science. XVII:171-194.
Hobson, K.A. 1990. Stable isotope analysis of marbled murrelets: evidence for freshwater feeding and determination of trophic level. The Condor. 92:897-903.
Hobson, K.A., J.L. Sease, R.L. Merrick, and J.F. Piatt. 1997. Investigating trophic relationships of pinnipeds in Alaska and Washington using stable isotope ratios of nitrogen and carbon. Marine Mammal Science. 13:114-132.
Hochachka, P.W., and R.A. Foreman III. 1993. Phocid and cetacean blueprints of muscle metabolism. Can. J. Zool. 71:2089-2098.
Hockey, P.A.R., and G.M. Branch. 1994. Conserving marine biodiversity on the African coast: Implications of a terrestrial perspective. Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems. 4:345-362.
Hockey, P.A.R., and G.M. Branch. 1997. Criteria, objectives and methodology for evaluating marine protected areas in South Africa. South African Journal of Marine Science. 18:369-383.
Hodges, A.F. 1969. A time lapse study of Kittiwake incubation rhythms. Ibis. 111:442-443.
Hodges, A.F. 1974. The orientation of adult Kittiwakes Rissa tridactyla to the nest site in Northumberland. Ibis. 117:235-240.
Hodges, A.F. 1977. Counts at kittiwake colonies. Bird Study. 24:119-125.
Hodges, J.I., J.G. King, and F.C. Robards. 1979. Resurvey of the bald eagle breeding population in southeast Alaska. Journal of Wildlife Management. 43:219-221.
Hodges, J.I., and B. Conant. 1980. Wintering bald eagles in the northcentral portion of southeast Alaska. U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service.
Hodges, J. 1982. Nest records for peregrine falcons in the Park.
Hodges, J.I., and F.C. Robards. 1982. Observations of 3,850 Bald Eagle nests in southeast Alaska. U.S. Government Prining Office. Anchorage, Alaska.
Hodges, J.I., E.L. Boeker, and A.J. Hansen. 1987. Movements of radio-tagged bald eagles (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) in and from southeastern Alaska. Can. Field-Nat. 101:136-140.
Hodges, J.I. 1992. Admiralty Island water bird survey. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.
Hoelzel, A.R., and R.W. Osborne. 1986. Killer whale call characteristics: implications for cooperative foraging strategies. In: Behavioral Biology of Killer Whales. Vol. Alan R. Liss, Inc., pp. 373-402.
Hoelzel, R.A. 1988. DNA fingerprinting and 'scientific' whaling. Nature. 333:305.
Hoelzel, A.R. 1989. Genetic structure of orca (Orcinus orca) populations as revealed by analysis of minsatellite and mitochondrial displacement loop DNA. Marine Mammal Society. Pacific Grove, CA.
Hoelzel, A.R., and G.A. Dover. 1991. Genetic differentiation between sympatric killer whale populations. Heredity. 66:191-195.
Hoelzel, A.R., J.K.B. Ford, and G.A. Dover. 1991. A paternity test case for the killer whale (Orcinus orca) by DNA fingerprinting. Marine Mammal Science. 7:35-43.
Hoelzel, A.R. 1997. Molecular ecology of pinnipeds. In: A.E. Dizon, S.J. Chivers and W.F. Perrin (eds.), Molecular Genetics of Marine Mammals. Vol. 3. Society for Marine Mammalogy, pp. 147-157.
Hoelzel, A.R., M. Dahlheim, and S.J. Stern. 1998. Low genetic variation among killer whales (Orcinus orca) in the eastern North Pacific and genetic differentiation between foraging specialists. Journal of Heredity. 89:121-128.
Hoenig, J.M., E.G. Dawe, and P.G. O'Keefe. 1994. Molt indicators and growth per molt for male snow crabs (Chionoecetes opilio). Journal Of Crustacean Biology. 14:273-279.
Hoffman, W., D. Heinemann, and J.A. Wiens. 1981. The ecology of seabird feeding flocks in Alaska, USA. Auk. 98:437-456.
Hofman, R.J. A stock definition for management of populations at OSP. Marine mammal commission.
Holdsworth, P.R. 1955. Mount Parker mine, Mount Fairweather quadrangle: Territory of Alaska. Department of Mines.
Holdsworth, G.H. 1969. Flexure of a floating ice tongue. Journal of Glaciology. 8:385-397.
Holecamp, K.E., and L. Smale. 1995. Rapid change in offspring sex ratios after clan fission in the Spotted Hyena. The American Naturalist. 145,no.2:261-262.
Holladay, B.A., and B.L. Norcross. 1995. Diet diversity as a mechanism for partitioning nursery grounds of pleuronectids. In: Proceedings of the international symposium on north Pacific flatfish. Vol. Alaska Sea Grant College Program, Fairbanks, Alaska, pp. 177-203.
Holladay, B.A., and B.L. Norcross. 1995. August diet of age-0 Pacific halibut in nearshore waters of Kodiak Island, Alaska. Environ. Biol. Fishes. 44:403-416.
Holland, K.N., B.M. Wetherbee, J.D. Peterson, and C.G. Lowe. 1993. Movements and distribution of hammerhead shark pups on their natal grounds. Copeia. 1993(2):495-502.
Holland, K.N., C.G. Lowe, and B.M. Wetherbee. 1996. Movements and dispersal patterns of blue trevally (Caranx melampygus) in a fisheries conservation zone. Fisheries Res. 25:279-292.
Holland, M. 1996. Ensuring substainability of natural resources: focus on institutional arrangements. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 53:432-439.
Holland, D.S. 2000. A bioeconomic model of marine sanctuaries on Georges Bank. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 57:1307-1319.
Holligan, P.M., S.B. Groom, and D.S. Harbour. 1993. What controls the distribution of the coccolithophore, Emiliania huxleyi,in the North Sea? Fisheries Ocean. 2:3/4:175-183.
Holmberg, E.K., and W.G. Jones. 1954. Results of sablefish tagging experiments in Washington, Oregon, and California. Pacific marine fisheries commission. Portland, OR.
Holmberg, H.J. 1985. Holmberg's ethnographic sketches. University of Alaska Press, Fairbanks, AK. 133 pp.
Holsten, E.H. 1994. Forest health management report: bibliography- Alaska Region. U.S. National Forest Service, Alaska Region.
Holt, S.J. 1963. A method for determining gear selectivity and its application. ICNAF. Lisbon. 2.
Holt, S. 1986. Mammals in the sea. Ambio. 15(3):126-133.
Holt, R.D., S.W. Pacala, T.W. Smith, and J. Liu. 1995. Linking contemporary vegetation models with spatially explicit animal population models. Ecol. Appl. 5:20-27.
Holtby, L.B., B.C. Andersen, and R.K. Kadowaki. 1990. Importance of smolt size and early ocean growth to interannual variability in marine survival of coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kiautch). 47. 2181-2194.
Holty, J.G., and P.E. Heilman. 1971. Molecular sieve fractionation of organic matter in a podzol from southeastern Alaska. Soil Science. 112:351-356.
Holzworth, J.M. 1932. The twin grizzlies of Admiralty Island. L.B. Lippincott, Philadelphia. 250 pp.
Home, W.S. The Mammals of Glacier Bay. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Home, W.S. 1977. Dixon Harbor biological survey. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Home, W.S. 1977. Ecology of overwintering mammals and birds of the Pacific coast of Glacier Bay National Monument, Alaska. University of Alaska, Department of Biological Science, Fairbanks.
Home, W.S. 1980. Pacific pilot whales: repeated, localized sightings in southeastern Alaska. 38:18-20.
Home, W.S. 1982. Ecology of river otters, (Lutra canadensis) in salt water habitats in Alaska. M.A. Thesis, University of Alaska, Department of Biological Sciences, Fairbanks, pp.
Hood, D.W., and S.T. Zimmerman (eds). 1986. The gulf of Alaska physical environment and biological resources. U.S. Dept. of Commerce
U.S. Dept. of the Interior,
Hooge, P.N. 1985. Sociality in the House Finch (Carpodacus mexicanus) on Año Nuevo Island, California. Univ. of Cal. at Santa Cruz, pp.
Hooge, P.N. 1991. The effects of radio-weight and harnesses on the time-budgets and movement patterns of Acorn Woodpeckers. J. Field. Ornith. 62:230-238.
Hooge, E.R. 1995. Census methodologies of black-legged Kittiwakes in Glacier Bay National Park. U.S. National Park Service. Glacier Bay National Park & Preserve, AK. 1993.
Hooge, P.N. 1995. Dispersal Dynamics of the Cooperatively Breeding Acorn Woodpecker. Ph.D., University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley. 184 pp.
Hooge, P.N., and S.J. Taggart. 1998. Pacific Halibut in Glacier Bay National Park, Alaska. In: M.J. Mac, P.A. Opler, C.E. Puckett, Haeker, P.D. Doran and L.S. Huckaby (eds.), Status and Trends of the Nation's Biological Resources. Vol. U.S. Department of the Interior, USGS-BRD, Reston, pp. 964 p.
Hooge, P.N. 1998. Spatial Tools Extension. USGS, Alaska Biological Science Center. Anchorage, Alaska.
Hooge, E.R., R. Yerxa, and P.N. Hooge. 1998. Black-Legged Kittiwake Monitoring Handbook. USGS Alaska Biological Science Center, Glacier Bay Field Station. Gustavus, Alaska.
Hooge, P.N., E.K. Solomon, E.R. Hooge, and C.L. Dezan. 1999. Oceanography Survey Handbook for Glacier Bay National Park. USGS Alaska Biological Science Center, Glacier Bay Field Station. Gustavus, Alaska.
Hooge, P.N., M.T. Stanback, and W.D. Koenig. 1999. Nest-site selection in the acorn woodpecker. Auk. 116:45-54.
Hooge, P.N., and E.R. Hooge. 1999. ArcView PVA. www.absc.usgs.gov/glba/gistools.
Hooge, P.N., W.M. Eichenlaub, and E.K. Solomon. 1999. Animal Movement Extension. USGS, Alaska Biological Science Center. Anchorage, Alaska.
Hooge, P.N., P.R. Carlson, and S.J. Taggart. 1999. Aggregative behavior by molting male Dungeness crabs, Cancer magister (Decapoda: cancridae). Journal of Crustacean Biology.
Hooge, P.N., and S.J. Taggart. 1999. Movement of sonic-tagged sleeper sharks, Somniosus pacificus, in Glacier Bay, Alaska. Copeia.
Hooge, P.N. 2000. ArcView CTD Tool. available late 2000 at www.absc.usgs.gov/glba/gistools.
Hooge, P.N., and W. Eichenlaub. 2000. The analysis of animal movements in a GIS environment. Alaska Sea Grant College Program. Anchorage, Alaska.
Hoogland, J.L., and P.W. Sherman. 1976. Advantages and disadvantages of Bank Swallow coloniality. Ecol. Monogr. 46:33-58.
Hoogstraal, H., C.M. Clifford, J.E. Keirans, M.N. Kaiser, and D.E. Evans. 1976. The Ornithodoros (Alectorobius) capensis group (Acarina: Ixodoidea: Argasidae) of the palearctic and oriental regions. O. (A.) maritimus alectorobiusII: identity, marine bird hosts, virus infections, and distribution in western Europe and northwestern Africa. Journal of Parasitology. 62:799-810.
Hoonah, C. 1971. Overall economic development plan. City of Hoonah, Alaska. Hoonah, AK.
Hoonah. 1972. A history of Hoonah. Alaska History Class, Hoonah High School. Hoonah, AK.
Hoonah High School History Class. 1973. Hoonah history. Hoonah Public School, Hoonah, AK.
Hooper, R.G. 1986. A spring breeding migration of the snow crab, Chionoecetes opilio (O. Fabr.), into shallow water in Newfoundland. Crustaceana. 50:257-264.
Hoopes, D.T. 1973. Alaska's fishery resources: The dungeness crab.
Hoover, A.A. 1983. Behavior and ecology of harbor seals (Phoca vitulina richardsi) inhabiting glacial ice in Aialik Bay, Alaska. University of Alaska, Fairbanks, pp.
Hoover, A.A. 1988. Steller sea lion. In: J.W. Lentfer (ed.), Selected marine mammals of Alaska: species accounts with research and management recommendations. Vol. U.S. Marine Mammal Commission, Washington, D. C., pp. 159-193.
Hoover-Miller, A. 1992. The harbor seal in Alaska. Pacific Rim Research.
Hoover-Miller, A. 1992. Assessment of the possible use of a cooperative/coordinated geographic information system to facilitate access to, and integration and analysis of, data bearing upon the conservation of marine mammals in alaska. Marine Mammal Commission. Washington, D.C.
Hoover-Miller, A. 1994. Harbor seal - Phoca vitulina. In: J.W. Lentfer (ed.), Selected marine mammals of Alaska: species accounts with research and management recommendations. Vol. Marine Mammal Commission, Washington, D.C., pp.
Hoover-Miller, A. 1995. Report of the Workshop on Enhancing Methods for Locating, Accessing, Integrating Population and Environmental Data Related to Marine Resources in Alaska. Marine Mammal Commission. Seward.
Hope, A. Sacred forms.
Hope III, A.X.T. 1975. Founders of the Alaska Native Brotherhood. Sitka, Alaska.
Hope-Jones, P. 1978. Surveillance of cliff-nesting seabirds at their breeding sites in Orkney 1976-1978. Nature Conservancy Council.
Hori, M. 1993. Frequency-dependent natural selection in the handedness of scale-eating cichlid fish. Scientific Reports Whales Research Institute, Tokyo. 260:216-219.
Horne, A.J., M. Bennett, R. Valentine, R.E. Selleck, P.P. Russell, and P.W. Wild. 1983. The effects of chlorination of wastewater on juvenile Dungeness crabs in San Francisco Bay waters. In: P.W. Wild and R.N. Tasto (eds.), Life history, environment, and mariculture studies of the Dungeness crab, (Cancer magister), with emphasis on the central California fishery resource. Vol. 172. California Department of Fish and Game, pp. 215-226.
Horne, E.P.W. 1985. Ice-induced vertical circulation in an arctic fiord. Journal of Geophysical Research. 90, No. C1:1078-1086.
Horner, R. 1990. Seismicity in the Glacier Bay region of southeast Alaska and adjacent areas of British Columbia. U.S. National Park Service. Glacier Bay National Park & Preserve, AK. 1988.
Horner, R.B., R.J. Wetmiller, and R.A. Page. 1991. A proposal for a joint Canadian-United States microearthquake survey in the Glacier Bay region of NW British Columbia and SE Alaska. Geological Survey of Canada/U.S. Geological Survey.
Horwood, J. 1990. Biology and exploitation of the minke whale. CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL. 238 pp.
Hoskins, C.M., and D.C. Burrell. 1968. Inlet floor valleys and sediment: Queen Inlet, Glacier Bay, Alaska. University of Alaska, Institute of Marine Science, Fairbanks.
Hoskins, C.M., and D.C. Burrell. 1972. Sediment transport and accumulation in a fjord basin, Glacier Bay, Alaska. Journal of Geology. 80:539-551.
Hoskins, C.M. 1975. Muir Inlet sediment traps. Unpublished data from Acona Cruise, Sept. 2-11. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Hoskins, C.M., D.C. Burrell, and G.R. Freitag. 1976. Suspended sediment dynamics in Queen Inlet, Glacier Bay, Alaska. Marine Science Communications. 2:95-108.
Hoskins, C.M., and G.J. Mueller. 1977. Dynamics of sediment transport by ice-rafting and sediment-macrobenthos interactions, Muir Inlet, Glacier Bay National Monument, Alaska. University of Alaska, Institute of Marine Science.
Houghton, R.A. 1990. The global effects of tropical deforestation. Environmental Science Technology. 24:414-423.
Houlila, M. 1997. The success of crayfish stocking in a dredged river with and without artificial shelter increase. Department of biological and environmental science. 185-189.
Howard, J.F., D.M. Farmer, and C.D. Levings (eds). 1979. Fjord oceanography. Plenum Press, New York.
Howard, A.E. 1982. The distribution and behavior of ovigerous edible crabs (Cancer pagurus), and consequent sampling bias. Journal du Conseil, Conseil International pour l'Exploration de la Mer. 40:259-261.
Howe, D. 1984. Bibliography of research and exploration of Glacier Bay, Alaska, 1798 to 1984. National Park Service. Gustavus, AK.
Howes, L.A., and W.A. Montevecchi. 1993. Population trends of gulls and terns in Gros Morne National Park, Newfoundland. Can. J. Zool. 71:1516-1520.
Hoyt, E. 1977. Orcinus orca: separating facts from fantasies. Oceanogr. Mar. Biol. Annu. Rev. 10:22-26.
Huber, H., S. Jeffries, R. Brown, and R. DeLong. 1992. Abundance of harbor seals (Phoca vitulina richardsi) in Washington and Oregon, 1992. U.S. National Marine Fisheries Service.
Huber, T. 1994. More fishing closures possible. Juneau, Alaska.
Huber, H.R. 1995. The abundance of harbor seals (Phoca vitulina richardsi) in Washington, 1991-1993. M.S. Thesis, University of Washington, pp.
Hudon, C., D.G. Parsons, and R. Crawford. 1992. Diel pelagic foraging by a pandalid shrimp (Pandalus montagui) off Resolution Island (Eastern Hudson Strait). Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 49:565-576.
Hudson, T., G. Plafker, and M. Rubin. 1976. Uplift rates of marine-terrace sequences in the Gulf of Alaska. U.S. Geological Survey Journal of Research. 733:11-13.
Hudson, T., G. Plafker, and M.A. Lanphere. 1977. Intrusive rocks of the Yakutat-St. Elias area, south-central Alaska. U.S. Geological Survey Journal of Research. 5:155-172.
Hudson, T., G. Plafker, and D.L. Turner. 1977. Metamorphic rocks of the Yakutat-St. Elias area, south-central Alaska. U.S. Geological Survey Journal of Research. 5:172-184.
Hudson, T., G. Plafker, and Z.E. Peterman. 1979. Paleogene anatexis along the Gulf of Alaska margin. Geology. 7:573-577.
Hudson, T., and G. Plafker. 1981. Emplacement age of the Crillon-LaPerouse pluton, Fairweather Range. U.S. Geological Survey.
Hudson, T., K. Dixon, and G. Plafker. 1982. Regional uplift in southeastern Alaska. U.S. Geological Survey.
Hudson, T., G. Plafker, and K. Dixon. 1982. Horizontal offset history of the Chatham Strait fault. U.S. Geological Survey.
Huenneke. 1995. Involving academic scientists in conservation research: perspectives of a plant ecologist. Ecological application. 5:209-214.
Huey, R.B., and E.R. Planka. 1981. Ecological consequences of foraging mode. Ecology. 991-999.
Hughes, R.N. 1980. Optimal foraging theory in the marine context. Oceanogr. Mar. Biol. Ann. Rev. 18:423-481.
Hughes, J.W., and W.H. Blackwell. 1987. Wildflowers and other plant life of southeast Alaska, an identification guide. Kendall/Hunt, Dubuque, IA. 123 pp.
Hulbert, I.A.R. 1990. The response of ruddy shelduck (Tadorna ferruginea) to tourist activity in the Royal Chitwan National Park of Nepal. Bio. Cons. 52:113-123.
Hull, D.L. 1989. The metaphysics of evolution. State University of New York Press, 331 pp.
Hulsman, K. 1988. The structure of seabird commuities: an example from Australian waters. In: J. Burger (ed.), Seabirds and other marine vertebrates: competition, predation and other interactions. Vol. Columbia university press, New York, pp. 59-91.
Huneke, E., and M. Owens. 1966. Glacier Bay National Monument stream survey. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Hunt, G.L., Jr., and M.W. Hunt. 1975. Reproductive ecology of the Western Gull: the importance of nest spacing. Auk. 92:270-279.
Hunt, W.G., R.R. Rogers, and D.J. Slowe. 1975. Migratory and foraging behavior of Peregrine Falcons on the Texas coast. Can. Field-Nat. 89:111-123.
Hunt, J., G. L., and Z. Eppley. 1980. Marine birds in relation to the oceanography of the eastern Bering Sea. Amer. Zool. 20:949.
Hunt, G.L., Jr., B. Burgeson, and G.A. Sanger. 1981. Feeding ecology of seabirds of the Eastern Bering Sea. In: D.W. Hood and J.A. Calder (eds.), The Eastern Bering Sea Shelf: Oceanography and Resources. Vol. 2. University of Washington Press, Seattle, Washington, pp. 629-647.
Hunt, G.L., Jr., Z. Eppley, and W.H. Drury. 1981. Breeding distribution and reproductive biology of marine birds in the Eastern Bering Sea. In: D.W. Hood and J.A. Calder (eds.), The Eastern Bering Sea Shelf: Oceanography and resources. Vol. 2. University of Washington Press, Seattle, Washington, pp. 649-687.
Hunt, G.L., Jr. 1981. Reproductive ecology, foods and foraging areas of seabirds nesting on the Pribilof Islands 1975-1979. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Washington, D.C.
Hunt, C.L. 1983. Deterrents, aversive conditioning, and other practices: an annotated bibliography to aid in bear mangement. Montana Cooperative Wildlife Research Unit, University of Montana. Missoula, Montana.
Hunt, C.L. 1985. Description of five promising deterrent and repellent products for use on bears. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Office of Grizzly Bear Recovery Coordinator.
Hunt, C.L. 1988. Aversive conditioning study: 1987 progress report. Wyoming Game and Fish Department. Cody, Wyoming.
Hunt, J., G.L., J.F. Piatt, and K.E. Erikstad. 1991. How do foraging seabirds sample their environment? Christchurch, New Zealand. XX.
Hunt, G. 1993. Foraging range of river nesting Bald Eagles. Journal of Raptor Research. 27:73.
Hunter, L.E. 1989. Marine plankton of site LG-4: Lituya Bay, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve, Alaska.
Hunter, L.E., and R.D. Powell. 1991 (submitted for). Sedimentation processes and patterns in morainal banks at active tidewater termini of temperate glaciers in Glacier Bay, Alaska. Toronto.
Hunter, L.E. 1994. Grounding-line systems and glacier mass balance of modern termperate glaciers and their effect on glacier stability. Ph.D. Dissertation (Geology), Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL, 467 pp.
Hunter, L.E., and R.D. Powell. 1995. Effects of ice-proximal sediment dynamics on the stability of Muir Glacier, Glacier Bay Alaska. U.S. National Park Service. Glacier Bay National Park & Preserve, AK. 1993.
Hunter, L.E., and R.D. Powell. 1995. Climatic controls on glacier mass balance in Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve, Alaska. U.S. National Park Service. Glacier Bay National Park & Preserve, AK. 1993.
Hunter, L.E., R.D. Powell, and D.E. Lawson. 1996. Flux of debris transported by ice at three Alaskan tidewater glaciers. Journal of Glaciology. 42:123-136.
Hunter, L.E., R.D. Powell, and D.E. Lawson. 1996. Morainal-bank sediment budgets and their influence on the stability of tidewater termini of valley glaciers entering Glacier Bay, Alaska, U.S.A. Annals of Glaciology. 22:211-216.
Huntington, H.P., and I.M. Nikolai. 1996. Traditional ecological knowledge of beluga whales, an indigenous knowledge pilot project in the Chukchi and Northern Bering Seas. Inuit Circumpolar Conference. Anchorage, Alaska.
Huolila, M. 1997. The success of crayfish stocking in a dredged river with and without artificial shelter increase. Fisheries Res. 185-189.
Huppert, D.D. 1991. Managing the Groundfish Fisheries of Alaska Usa History and Prospects. Reviews in Aquatic Sciences. 4:339-374.
Hurlbert, S.H. 1978. The measurement of niche overlap and some relatives. Ecology. 59:67-77.
Hurlbert, S.H. 1990. Pastor binocularis: now we have no excuse. Ecology. 71:1222-1223.
Hurley, G.V., R.W. Elner, D.M. Taylor, and R.F.J. Bailey. 1990. Evaluation of snow crab tags retainable through molting. In: N.C. Parker, A.E. Giorgi, R.C. Heidinger, D.B. Jester Jr., E.D. Prince and G.A. Winans (eds.), Fish-marking techniques. Vol. 7. American Fisheries Science Symposium, pp. 84-93.
Hyland, S.J., B.J. Hill, and C.P. Lee. 1984. Movement within and between different habitats by the portunid crab Scylla serrata. Mar. Behav. and Physiol. 80:57-61.
Hyslop, E.J. 1980. Stomach content analysis: a review of methods and their application. J. Field Ornith. 17:411-429.
Hyvarinen, H., E. Hamalainen, and M. Kunnasranta. 1995. Diving behavior of the Saimaa ringed seal (Phoca hispida saimensis Nordq.). Marine Mammal Science. 11:324-334.
Ichii, T., and K. Hidehiro. 1991. Food and daily food consumption of southern minke whales in the Antarctic. 11:479-487.
Ichii, T. 1992. Feeding habit and food consumption of southern minke whales in the Ross Sea and its offshore region. National Institue of Polar Research.
Imamura, K. 1987. Statistical area A (southeast Alaska and Yakutat) tanner crab - report to Alaska Board of Fisheries 1986/1987. Alaska Department of Fish and Game.
Imamura, K.K., and C.A. Botelho. 1989. Report to the board of fisheries Southeast Alaska (statistical area A) and Yukutat (statistica area D) Tanner Crab 1988/1989.
Imamura, K.K., and C.A. Botelho. 1989. Report to the board of fisheries Southeast Alaska (statistical area A) and Yukutat (statistica area D) Dungeness 1988/1989.
Imamura, K., and C.A. Botelho. 1992. Report to the board of fisheries: introduction to 1991/92 shellfish fisheries: part I. ADFG. Juneau, Alaska.
Imler, R.H., and H.R. Sarber. 1947. Harbor seals and sea lions in Alaska.
Incze, L.S., and A.J. Paul. 1983. Grazing and predation as related to energy needs of stage 1 zoeae of the Tanner crab Chionoecetes bairdi (Brachyura, Majidae). Biol. Bull. 165:197-208.
Incze, L.S. 1983. Larval life history of Tanner crabs, Chionoecetes bairdi and C. opilio, in the southeastern Bering Sea and relationships to regional oceanography. Doctoral dissertation, University of Washington, Seattle, 191 pp.
Ingmanson, D.E.a.W., W.J. 1989. Oceanography: An Introduction. Wadsworth Publishing Co, Belmont, CA. 511 pp.
Inman, D.L. 1994. Types of coastal zones: similarities and differences. In: Environmental science in the coastal zone: issues for further research. Vol. National Academy Press, Washington D.C, pp. 67-84.
Institute, C.R.D., and U.S.F. Service. 1994. Alaska bird conference and workshop. Cordova, Alaska.
Iribarne, O., M. Fernandez, and D. Armstrong. 1994. Does space competition regulate density of juvenile Dungeness crab Cancer magister Dana in sheltered habitats? Journal Of Experimental Marine Biology And Ecology. 183:259-271.
Iribarne, O., D. Armstrong, and M. Fernandez. 1995. Environmental impact of intertidal juvenile Dungeness crab habitat enhancement: effects on bivalves and crab foraging rate. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology. 192:173-194.
Irons, D.B. Size and productivity of Black-legged Kittiwake colonies in Prince William Sound before and after the Exxon Valdez oil spill.
Irons, D.B., R.G. Anthony, and J.A. Estes. 1986. Foraging strategies of glaucous-winged gulls in a rocky intertidal community. Ecology. 67:1460-1474.
Irons, D.B., D.R. Nysewander, and J.L. Trapp. 1987. Changes in colony size, and reproductive success of black-legged kittiwakes in Prince William Sound, Alaska, 1972-1986. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.
Irons, D.B. 1988. Prince William Sound Black-legged Kittiwake populations: status and trends. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Anchorage, Alaska. Anchorage, AK.
Irons, D.B. 1988. Black-legged Kittiwakes nest on advancing glacier. Wilson Bulletin. 100:324-325.
Irons, D.B. 1992. Chapter 1: Foraging site fidelity and tidal rhythms of individual seabirds. Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Alaska, pp.
Irons, D.B. 1992. Chapter 2: Flexible foraging behavior in seabirds: short term buffer and long term tradeoff? Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Alaska, pp.
Irons, D.B. 1992. Chapter 3: The role of food availability in black-legged kittiwake sibling aggression and brood reduction. Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Alaska, pp.
Irons, D.B. 1992. Aspects of foraging behavior and reproductive biology of the Black-legged Kittiwake. Ph.D. Dissertation, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA. pp.
Irons, D.B. 1993. Size and productivity of Black-legged Kittiwake colonies in Prince William Sound before and after the Exxon Valdez oil spill. American Fisheries Society, Bethesda, Maryland. Anchorage, Alaska.
Irons, D.B. 1998. Foraging area fidelity of individual seabirds in relation to tidal cycles and flock feeding. Ecology. 79:647-655.
Irons III, J.G., J.P. Bryant, and M.W. Oswood. 1991. Effects of moose browsing on decomposition rates of birch leaf litter in a subarctic stream. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 48:442-444.
Irvine, J.R., and B.R. Ward. 1989. Patterns of timing and size of wild coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) smolts migrating from the Keogh River watershed and northern Vancouver Island. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 46:1086-1094.
Isely, J.J., and A.G. Eversole. 1998. Tag retention, growth, and survival of red swamp crayfish Procambarus clarkii marked with coded wire tags. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society. 127:658-660.
Ishihara, H., and R. Ishiyama. 1985. Two new north Pacific skates (Rajidae) and a revised key to Bathyraja in the area. Jpn. J. Ecol. 32:143-179.
Ishihara, H. 1987. Revisions of the western North Pacific species of the genus Raja. Jpn. J. Ecol. 34:241-285.
Isto, S.A. 1975. Cultures in the North: multi-media resource list. University of Alaska Center for Northern Educational Research. Fairbanks, AK.
Itzkowitz, M., M. Haley, C. Otis, and D. Evers. 1991. A reconnaissance of the deeper Jamaican coral reef fish communities. NORTHEAST GULF SCI. 12:25-34.
IUCN, S.S.C. 1994. IUCN red list categories. IUCN. Gland, Switzerland.
Ivanov, B.G. 1997. On behaviour of some commercial crabs (crustacea: decapoda, brachyura, majidae; anomura, lithodidae) with special reference to snow crab (Chionoecetes opilio). Zoological Journal (zoologicheskii zhurnal). 76:287-293.
Ivanov, B.G. 1998. Shellfish biology in Russia: Problems and opportunities. In: G. Jamieson and A. Campbell (eds.), Proceedings of the North Pacific symposium on invertebrate stock assessment and management. Vol. 125. Canadian Special Publication of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, pp. 417-421.
Ivashin, M.V. 1961. Periodicity of humpback whale feeding in the south Atlantic Ocean. Bulletin of the Moscow Society of Naturalists. LXVI:110-115.
Ivashin, M.V. 1967. Some results of the Soviet whale marking in the waters of the north pacific. Norsk Hvalfangst-Tidende. 6:123-135.
Iverson, R.L., H.C. Curl, H.B. O'Connors, D. Kirk, and K. Zakar. 1974. Summer phytoplankton blooms in Auke Bay, Alaska, driven by wind mixing of the water column. Limnology and Oceanography. 19:271-278.
Iverson, R.L., H.C. Curl, and J.L. Saugen. 1974. Simulation model for wind-driven summer phytoplankton dynamics in Auke Bay, Alaska. Mar. Behav. and Physiol. 28:169-177.
Iverson, G.C., and G.D. Hayward. 1996. Conservation assessment for the northern goshawk in southeast Alaska. USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station. Portland, Oregon.
Iverson, S.J., and K.J. Frost. 1997. Fatty acid signatures as indicators of foraging ecology and distribution of harbor seals in the Gulf of Alaska. Alaska Department of Fish and Game, Division of Wildlife Conservation. Anchorage, AK.
Ives, A. 1995. Measuring resilience in stochastic systems. Ecological Society of America. 65:217-233.
Ivlev, V.S. 1961. Experimental ecology of the feeding of fishes. Yale University Press, New Haven, Connecticut. pp.
Ivo, C.T.C., and C.A.S. Rocha. Estudo da seletividade do anzol na captura do pargo, lutjanus purpureus poey (Pisces: lutjanidae), no norte e nordeste do Brasil.
Iwasaki, K. 1993. Analyses of limpet defense and predator offense in the field. Mar Biol (Berl). 116:277-289.
IWC. 1982. Report of the workshop on identity, structure and vital rates of killer whale populations, Cambridge, England, June 23-25, 1981. Internationl Whaling Commission. Cambridge, England.
Izaacs, J.D., and R.A. Schwartzlose. 1975. Active animals of the deep-sea floor. Scientific American. 233:85-91.
J., M.R., and N.D. Singpurwalla. 1983. Understanding the Kalaman Filter. The American Statistician. 37:123-127.
Jacob, J., and A. Zeman. 1972. The uropygial gland wax from the Kittiwake (Rissa tridactyla). Z Naturforsch Teil B. 27:691-695.
Jacob, J.P. 1979. Results of a winter census of Laridae in Algeria. Gerfaut. 69:425-436.
Jacobsen, J.K. 1986. The behavior of Orcinus orca in the Johnstone Strait, British Columbia. In: Behavioral Biology of Killer Whales. Vol. Alan R. Liss, Inc., pp. 135-185.
Jacobsen, N.K., and T.S. Nielsen. 1989. Remote sensing and geo-ecological studies of the Danish Wadden Sea. Classification and mappig of landscape elements in a tidal area by means of remote sensing, SPOT images: a preliminary report. Olsen & Olsen. Caen France.
Jacobsen, K.-O., K.E. Eriskstad, and B.E. Saether. 1995. An experimental study of the costs of reproduction in the Kittiwake Rissa tridactyla. Ecology. 76:1636-1642.
Jacobsen, L.D., and R.D. Vetter. 1996. Bathymetric demography and niche separation of thornyhead rockfish: sebastolobus alascanus and sebastolobus altivelis. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 53:600-609.
Jacobson, M.J. 1989. A survey of the adult bald eagle population in southeast Alaska. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.
Jacobson, M.J. 1991. The status of the bald eagle in Southeast Alaska. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Juneau, AK.
Jacoby, C.A. 1982. Behavioral responses of the larvae of Cancer magister dana (1852) to light, pressure and gravity. Marine Behaviorial Physiology. 8:267-283.
Jacot, F.H. 1960. Memorandums concerning burial and gun cache sites - Lester Island: and correspondence with August Buschmann and David O. Hamlin, concerning history of Bartlett Cove saltery and salmon cannery in the late 1890's. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Jacot, F.H. 1962. A partial checklist of birds and notes on Glacier Bay National Monument, Alaska. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Jadamec, L.S., W.E. Donaldson, and P. Cullenberg. 1999. Biological field techniques for Chionoecetes crabs. University of Alaska Sea Grant College Program, Fairbanks. 80 pp.
Jaenicke, H.W., M.S. Hoffman, and M.L. Dahlberg. 1987. Food habits of sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) and threespine stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) in Lake Nunavagaluk, Alaska, and a strategy to improve sockeye salmon survival and growth. Canadian Special Publication of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 96. 161-175.
Jaenicke, H.W., and A.G. Celewycz. 1994. Marine distribution and size of juvenile Pacific salmon in Southeast Alaska and northern British Columbia. U S National Marine Fisheries Service Fishery Bulletin. 92:79-90.
Jagielo, T.H. 1990. Movement of Tagged Lingcod Ophiodon-Elongatus at Neah Bay Washington Usa. U S National Marine Fisheries Service Fishery Bulletin. 88:815-820.
Jagielo, T.H. 1995. Abundance and Survival of Lingcod at Cape Flattery, Washington. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society. 124:170-183.
Jakobsen, T. 1993. Management of Northeast Arctic Cod: past, present-and future? Alaska Sea Grant College Program. University of Alaska Fairbanks. 93-02.
Jakobsson, J. 1970. On fish tags and tagging. Oceanography and marine biology: an annual review. 8:457-499.
Jaksic, F.M., and R.G. Medel. 1990. Objective recognition of guilds: testing for statistically significant species clusters. Oceanus. 82:87-92.
James, S. 1973. Glacier Bay history as told by Susie James in the Tlingit language. University of Alaska, Fairbanks.
James, A. 1986. Rates of organic carbon accumulation in mineral soils developed on very young surfaces in front of Burroughs Glacier, Glacier Bay, Alaska. University of Wisconsin, Department of Geology & Geophysics, and Department of Geography.
James, P., H. Gregersen, A. Lundgren, and D. Bengston. 1990. Emerging issues in forest management and use. J. Fisheries Biol. 88:25-30.
Jameson, R.J., and K.W. Kenyon. 1977. Prey of sea lions in the Rogue River, Oregon. J. of Mammal. 58:672.
Jameson, R.J., K.W. Kenyon, A.M. Johnson, and H.M. Wight. 1982. History and status of translocated sea otter populations in North America. Wildlife Society Bulletin. 10:100-107.
Jameson, R.J., and A.M. Johnson. 1993. Reproductive characteristics of female sea otters. Mar. Mamm. Sci. 9:156-167.
Jamieson, G.S. 1985. The Dungeness crab (Cancer magister) fisheries of British Columbia. In: B.R. Melteff (ed.), Proceedings of the symposium on Dungeness crab biology and management. Vol. Alaska Sea Grant College Program, Fairbanks, Alaska, pp. 37-60.
Jamieson, G.S. 1986. Implications of fluctuations in recruitment in selected crab populations. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 43:2085-2098.
Jamieson, G.S., and A.C. Phillips. 1988. Occurrence of Cancer crab (C. magister and C. oregonensis) megalopae off the west coast of Vancouver Island, British Columbia. Fish. Bull. 86(3):525-542.
Jamieson, G.S., A.C. Phillips, and W.S. Huggett. 1989. Effects of ocean variability on the abundance of Dungeness crab (Cancer magister) Megalopae. 305-325.
Jamieson, G.S., and A.C. Phillips. 1989. A natural source of megalopae for the culture of Dungeness crab, (Cancer magister) dana. Aquaculture. 86:7-18.
Jamieson, G.S., and D.A. Armstrong. 1990. Spatial and temporal recruitment patterns of Dungeness crab in the Northeast Pacific. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum. 31:365-381.
Jamieson, G.S. 1990. Development of a fishery for Chionoecetes tanneri in the continental slope off British Columbia: Management considerations. Anchorage, Alaska.
Jamieson, G.S., and A. Phillips. 1993. Megalopal spatial distribution and stock separation in Dungeness crab (Cancer magister). Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 50:416-429.
Jamieson, G.S. 1996. Molting patterns in southern British Columbia Dungeness crab and implications for fisheries. Alaska Sea Grant College Program. Anchorage, AK. 96-02.
Jamieson, G.S., A. Phillips, and B.D. Smith. 1998. Implications of selective harvests in Dungeness crab (Cancer magister) fisheries. In: G. Jamieson and A. Campbell (eds.), Proceedings of the North Pacific symposium on invertebrate stock assessment and management. Vol. 125. Canadian Special Publication of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, pp. 309-321.
Jamieson, G.S., and A. Campbell (eds). 1998. Proceedings of the North Pacific Symposium on Invertebrate Stock Assessment and Management. Canadian Special Publication of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences,
Janes, S.W. 1976. The apparent use of rocks by a raven in nest defense. The Condor. 78:409.
Janetos, A.C. 1982. Active foragers vs. sit-and-wait predators; a simple model. J. Zool., Lond. 381-385.
Jangaard, P.M. 1974. The capelin (Mallotus villosus): Biology, distribution, exploitation, utilization, and composition. Environment Canada, Fisheries and Marine Service. Ottawa, Canada.
Janik, V.M., and P.J.B. Slater. 1997. Vocal learning in mammals. In: P.J.B. Slater, J.S. Rosenblatt, C.T. Snowdon and M. Milinski (eds.), Advances in the study of behavior. Vol. 26. Academic Press, San Diego, pp. 59-99.
Jaquet, N. 1996. Scale-dependent correlation of sperm whale distribution with environmental features and productivity in the south pacific. Marine Ecol. Prog. Rep. 135:1.
Jarman, P.J. 1974. The social organization of antelope in relation to their ecology. Behavior. 48:215-267.
Jarvela, L.E., and L.K. Thorsteinson. In prep. Movements and temperature occupancy of sonically tracked char and arctic cisco in Beaufort Sea coastal waters.
Jassby, A.D. 1998. Interannual variability at three inland water sites: implications for sentinel ecosystems. Ecol. Appl. 8:277-287.
Jefferson, T.A. 1987. A study of the behavior of Dall's porpoise (Phocoenoides dalli) in the Johnstone Strait, British Columbia. Can. J. Zool. 65:736-744.
Jefferson, T.A. 1988. Phocoenoides dalli. Mam. Rev. 319:1-7.
Jefferson, T.A. 1989. Calving seasonality of Dall's porpoise in the Eastern North Pacific. Mar. Mamm. Sci. 5:196-200.
Jefferson, T.A. 1990. Status of Dall's porpoise (Phocoenoides dalli) in Canada. Can. Field-Nat. 104(1):112-116.
Jefferson, T.A., P.J. Stacey, and R.W. Baird. 1991. A review of killer whale interactions with other marine mammals: predation to co-existence. MAMLAN. 21:151-180.
Jefferson, T.A. 1991. Observations on the distribution and behaviour of Dall's porpoise(Phocoenoides dalli) in Monterey Bay, California. Aquat. Mamm. 17:12-19.
Jefferson, T.A., S. Leatherwood, and M.A. Webber. 1993. FAO Species Identification Guide: Marine Mammals of the World. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, Italy. 320 pp.
Jeffries, S.J. 1986. Seasonal movements and population trends of harbor seals (Phoca vitulina richardsi) in the Columbia River and adjacent waters of Washington and Oregon, 1976-1982. U.S. Marine Mammal Commission.
Jemison, L.A., and B.P. Kelly. 1996. Harbor seal productivity and first-year survival in the gulf of Alaska. Alaska Department of Fish and Game Division of Wildlife Conservation. Douglas, AK.
Jemison, L.A., and B.P. Kelly. 1997. Pupping phenology and demography of harbor seals on Tugidak Island, Alaska. Alaska Department of Fish and Game, Division of Wildlife Conservation. Anchorage, AK.
Jemison, L.A. 1997. Recent history and demography of harbor seals on Tugidak Island, Alaska. Master of Science, University of Alaska, Fairbanks. 82 pp.
Jennings, J.G., and W.F. Gandy. 1979. Tracking pelagic dolphins by satellite. Pergamon Press. Oxford, England.
Jennrich, R.I., and F.B. Turner. 1969. Measurement of non-circular home range. J. Zool., Lond. 22:227-237.
Jensen, G.C., and D.A. Armstrong. 1989. Biennial reproductive cycle of blue king crab (Paralithodes platypus) at the Pribilof Islands, Alaska and comparison to a congener, P. camtschatica. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 46:932-940.
Jensen, G.C. 1995. Pacific Coast Crabs and Shrimps. Sea Challengers, Monterey, California. 87 pp.
Jensen, P.C., J.M. Orensanz, and D.A. Armstrong. 1996. Structure of the female reproductive tract in the Dungeness crab (Cancer magister) and implications for the mating system. Biol. Bull. 190(3):336-349.
Jensen, A. 1996. Beverton and Holt life history invariants result from optimal trade off of reproduction and survival. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 53:820-822.
Jernejcic, F. 1969. Use of emetics to collect stomach contents of walleye and largemouth bass. Transactions American Fisheries Society. 98:698-702.
Jettmar, K. 1984. Harbor seal and steller sea lion populations observations in Lituya Bay. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park & Preserve.
Jettmar, K.L. 1984. The Lituya Bay black-legged kittiwake colony, Glacier Bay National Park, a census, with notes on other nesting seabirds and kittiwakes at Boussole Head, summer 1984. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Jewett, S.G. 1942. Bird notes from southeastern Alaska. Murrelet. 23:67-75.
Jewett, S.C., and G.C. Powell. 1981. Nearshore movement of king crab.
Jewett, S.C., and H.M. Feder. 1983. Food of the tanner crab Chionoecetes Bairdi near Kodiak Island, Alaska. Journal of Crustacean Biology. 3:196-207.
Jewett, S.C., N.A. Sloan, and D.A. Somerton. 1985. Size of Sexual Maturity and Fecundity of the Fjord-dwelling Golden King Crab (Lithodes aequispina) Benedict from northern British Columbia. Journal of Crustacean Biology. 5:377-385.
Jewett, S.C., and C.P. Onuf. 1988. Habitat suitability index models: red king crab. U S Fish Wildl Serv Biol Rep. 82:I-VIII, 1-34.
Jewett, S.C., L.A. Gardner, and P.M. Rusanowski. 1990. Food and feeding habits of red king crab from northwestern Norton Sound, Alaska. Anchorage, Alaska.
Jingfors, K. 1995. Bear people conflict prevention plan for BC parks. British Columbia Parks, Conservation Services.
Johannessen, O.M., E.V. Shalina, and M.W. Miles. 1999. Satellite evidence for an Arctic sea ice cover in transformation. Scientific Reports Whales Research Institute, Tokyo. 286:1937-1939.
Johansen, O. 1978. Reproduction problems of some Laridae species in western Norway. Ibis. 120:114-115.
Johnson, H.A., N.E. Michaelson, and G.A. Woodruff. 1954. Agricultural reconnaissance report, Gustavus area. Alaska Agricultural Experiment Station, Palmer, AK.
Johnson, B.W. 1976. The effects of human disturbance on a population of harbor seals. Alaska Depart,emt of Fish and Game. Fairbanks.
Johnson, B.W. 1977. The effects of human disturbance on a population of harbor seals. Outer Continental Shelf Environmental Assessment Program. Boulder, CO.
Johnson, B.R. 1978. Statistical analysis of geochemical data from Glacier Bay National Monument, Alaska. U.S. Geological Survey.
Johnson, D.R. 1979. Descriptive overview of backcountry users, Glacier Bay National Monument. University of Washington, Cooperative Research Park Studies Unit.
Johnson, D.R. 1979. A statistical summary of selected data from the 1978 backcountry users survey, Glacier Bay National Monument. University of Washington, Cooperative Research Park Studies Unit, Seattle.
Johnson, A., and R. Jameson. 1979. Evidence of annual reproduction among sea otters. Seattle, Washington.
Johnson, B.W.a.P.A.J. 1979. Population peaks during the molt in harbor seals. Seattle, WA.
Johnson, J.H. 1983. Compatibility of ships and whales in Glacier Bay, Alaska. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Supplement I, 74.
Johnson, J.H., and A.A. Wolman. 1984. The humpback whale, Megaptera novaeangliae. 46:30-37.
Johnson, B.A. 1985. Statistical analysis of the effect of pot soak-time on the catch of king crab (Paralithodes camtschatica) and tanner crab (Chionoecetes bairdi) in Chiniak Gully near Kodiak Island, Alaska. Alaska Department of Fish and Game.
Johnson, S. 1988. Surveys of selected Park beaches for debris. National Marine Fisheries Service, Auke Bay Laboratory, Juneau.
Johnson, S.W. 1989. Deposition, fate, and characteristics of derelict trawl web on an Alaskan beach. Marine Pollution Bulletin. 20:164-168.
Johnson, S.R., J.J. Burns, C.I. Malme, and R.A. Davis. 1989. Synthesis of information on the effects of noise and disturbance on major haulout concentrations of Bering Sea pinnipeds. U.S. Minerals Management Service.
Johnson, D.R., P.G. Gonzalez, and G. Vequist. 1990. Social science perspectives on visitor use and management of Glacier Bay National Park. Cooperative Park Studies Unit, College of Forest Resources, University of Wa., Seattle, WA. pp.
Johnson, D.R. 1990. Glacier Bay National Park tour boat passenger visitor survey, 1989. U.S. National Park Service. Seattle.
Johnson, B.A. 1990. Red king crab catch per unit effort and spatial distribution.
Johnson, M.M. 1990. Standardized effort for the Kodiak king crab fishing fleet. Anchorage, Alaska.
Johnson, G.D. 1991. Retention of transmitters attached to passerines using a glue-on technique. Journal of Field Ornithology. 62:486-491.
Johnson, B.A. 1992. The use of Q-Q plots in fisheries management.
Johnson, D.R., and M.E. Kamp. 1996. Extent and control of resource damage due to noncompliant visitor behavior: a case study from the U.S. National parks. Natural areas journal. 16:134-141.
Johnson, B.W. 1997. Environmental assessment of the Alaskan continental shelf. Boulder, CO.
Johnston, D.P. 1965. First ascent of Mount Barnard, August 23-25. Report to the National Park Service. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Johnston, D.P. 1965. Glacier Bay National Monument stream survey. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Johnston, S., and R. Carter. 1985. Cavity-nesting marbled murrelets. Wilson Bulletin. 97:1-140.
Johnston, C.E., S.R. Farmer, R.W. Gray, and M. Hambrook. 1990. Reconditioning and reproductive responses of Atlantic salmon kelts (Salmo salar). Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 47:701-710.
Johnstone, I.G. 1992. Home range utilization and roost selection by non-breeding territorial European robins (Erithacus rubecula). In: I.G. Priede and S.M. Swift (eds.), Wildlife telemetry: remote monitoring and tracking of animals. Vol. Ellis Horwood Limited, Chichester, England, pp. 496-509.
Jolly, G.M., and I. Hampton. 1990. A stratified random transect design for acoustic surveys of fish stocks. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 47:1282-1291.
Jolly, G.M., and I. Hampton. 1990. A stratified random transect design for acoustic surveys of fish stock. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Science. 47:1228-1229.
Jonaitis, A. 1982. The devilfish in Tlingit sacred art. In: Z.P. Mathews and A. Jonaitis (eds.), Native North American art history, selected readings. Vol. Peek Publications, Palo Alto, CA, pp. 109-118.
Jonaitis, A. 1977. The relationship between the social and shamanic art of the Tlingit indians of Alaska. Columbia University. New York.
Jonaitis, A. 1981. Tlingit halibut hooks: an analysis of the visual symbols of a rite of passage. American Museum of Natural History Anthropological Papers. 57:1-48.
Jonaitis, A. 1982. Sacred art and spiritual power: an analysis of Tlingit shamans' masks. In: Z.P. Mathews and A. Jonaitis (eds.), Native North American art history, selected readings. Vol. Peek Publications, Palo Alto, CA, pp. 119-136.
Jonaitis, A. 1986. Art of the Northern Tlingit. University of Washington Press, Seattle. pp.
Jones, L.L., and A.R. DeGange. Interactions between seabirds and fisheries in the North Pacific Ocean. In: J. Burger (ed.), Seabird Rept. Vol. Columbia University Press, New York, pp. 269-290.
Jones, L.F. 1920. Indian vengeance. The Stratford Co., Boston. pp.
Jones, L.F. 1970. A study of the Thlingets of Alaska. Johnson Reprint, New York. 261 pp.
Jones, T.B., and A.C. Kamil. 1973. Tool-making and tool-using in the Northern Blue Jay. Scientific Reports Whales Research Institute, Tokyo. 180:1076-1077.
Jones, P.H. 1978. The Orkney contract intensive survey strategies. Ibis. 120:120-121.
Jones, R.E. 1981. Food habits of smaller marine mammals from northern California. Proc. of the Calif. Acad. of Sci. 42:409-433.
Jones, D.E. 1982. Studies of cutthroat and steelhead in SE Alaska. Alaska Department of Fish and Game.
Jones, D.L., A. Cox, P. Coney, and M. Beck. 1982. The growth of western North America. Scientific American. November 1982:70-84.
Jones, D.L., D.G. Howell, P.J. Coney, and J.W.H. Monger. 1983. Recognition, character, and analysis of tectonostratigraphic terranes in western North America. In: M. Hashimoto (ed.), USGPO. Vol. Terra Scientific Publishing Company, Tokyo, Japan, pp. 21-35.
Jones, L.L. 1984. Incidental take of the Dall's porpoise and the harbor porpoise by Japanese salmon driftnet fisheries in the Western North Pacific. Rep. Int. Whal. Commn. 34:531-538.
Jones, L.L., and A.R. DeGange. 1988. Interactions between seabirds and fisheries in the North Pacific Ocean. In: J. Burger (ed.), Seabirds and other marine vertebrates: competition, predation and other interactions. Vol. Columbia university press, New York, pp. 269-290.
Jones, J.E., B.F. Molnia, and J.W. Schoonmaker Jr. 1990. The Malaspina Glacier radar study - A SLAR investigation of glacial and periglacial features. U.S. National Park Service. Glacier Bay National Park & Preserve, AK. 1988.
Jones, G.A. 1991. A stop-start ocean conveyer. Nature. 349:364-365.
Jones, I.L. 1992. Colony attendance of Least Auklets at St. Paul Island, Alaska: implications for population monitoring. The Condor. 94:93-100.
Jones, M., R. Randall, D. Hayes, W. Dunlop, J. Imhof, G. Lacroix, and N. Ward. 1996. Accessing the ecological effects of habitat change: moving beyond productive capacity. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 53:446-458.
Jones, R.R., L. Lee, and C.J. Schwarz. 1998. Intertidal population estimate of razor clams (Siliqua patula) at beaches near Masset, Haida Gwaii/Queen Charlotte Islands, and applications to fishery management. In: G. Jamieson and A. Campbell (eds.), Proceedings of the North Pacific Symposium on Invertebrate Stock Assessment and Management. Vol. 125. Canadian Special Publication of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, pp. 199-211.
Jones, R.R., and D.A. Garza. 1998. Co-management of the razor clam (Siliqua patula) fishery at Haida Gwaii, British Columbia, Canada. In: G. Jamieson and A. Campbell (eds.), Proceedings of the North Pacific symposium on invertebrate stock assessment and management. Vol. 125. Canadian Special Publication of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, pp. 385-391.
Jones-Toscano, E., K. Heacox, and P. Brown. 1983. 1983 eagle nest survey, Glacier Bay National Park. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Jones-Toscano, E. 1983. Backcountry impact in Glacier Bay: summers of 1982 and 1983. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Jones-Toscano, E., and K. Jettmar. 1984. Natural history field notes. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Jones-Toscano, E., and P. Pellegrin. 1985. Natural history field notes. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Jonsgard, A., and P.B. Lyshoel. A contribution to the knowledge of the biology of the killer whale (Orcinus orca (L.)). Nytt Magasin for Zoologi. 18:41-48.
Jonsgard, A. 1982. The food of minke whales (Balaenoptera acutorostrata) in Norther North Atlantic waters. Rep. Int. Whal. Commn. 32:259-262.
Josenhans, H.W., D.W. Fedje, K.W. Conway, and J.V. Barrie. 1995. Post glacial sea-levels on the western Canadian continental shelf: Evidence for rapid change, extensive subaerial exposure, and early human habitation. Geological Survey of Canada.
Joshi, N.V., and M. Gadgil. 1991. On the role of refugia in promoting prudent use of biological resources. Theoretical population biology. 40:211-229.
Jouventin, P., and H. Weimerskirch. 1990. Satellite tracking of wandering albatrosses. Nature. 343:746-747.
Jovellanos, C.L., and D.E. Gaskin. 1983. Predicting the movements of juvenile Atlantic herring (Clupea harengus harengus) in the SW Bay of Fundy using computer simulation techniques. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 40:139-146.
Jowett, I.G. 1990. Factors related to the distribution and abundance of brown and rainbow trout in New Zealand clear-water rivers. New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research. 24:429-440.
Joyce, G.G., N. Oien, J. Calambokidis, and J.C. Cubbage. 1989. Surfacing rates of minke whales in Norwegian waters. Report of the International Whaling Commission. 39:431-434.
Joyce, G.G., and E.M. Dorsey. 1990. A feasibility study on the use of photo-identification techniques for southern hemisphere minke whale stock assessment. Rep. Int. Whal. Commn., Special Issue. 12:419-423.
Joyce, S. 1999. Origin and composition of silurian stromatolites - Glacier Bay National Park, Alaska.
Juanes, F., and E.B. Hartwick. 1990. Prey size selection in Dungeness crabs: The effect of claw damage. Ecology. 71:744-758.
Juday, G. The Hugh Miller Inlet (SE 43) ecological reserve. U.S. Forest Service.
Juday, G.P., R.C. Solomon, and P. Poudel. 1991. 10 years of successional change on the Hugh Miller Inlet plots, a report to the National Park Service, Alaska Regional Office and Glacier Bay National Park. Agricultural and Forestry Experiment Station, University of Alaska, Fairbanks.
Juday, G.P. 1991. 10 years of successional change on the Hugh Miller Inlet plots. University of Alaska, Agricultural and Forestry Experiment Station, Fairbanks.
Judson, O.P. 1994. The rise of the individual-based model in ecology. Trends in Ecology & Evolution. 9:9-14.
Juinio-Menez, M.A., N.N.D. Macawaris, and H.G.P. Banji. 1998. Community-based sea urchin (Tripneustes gratilla) grow-out culture as a resource management tool. In: G. Jamieson and A. Campbell (eds.), Proceedings of the North Pacific symposium on invertebrate stock assessment and management. Vol. 125. Canadian Special Publication of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, pp. 393-399.
Juneau, C.a.B. 1989. Juneau wetlands management plan public hearing draft. City and Borough of Juneau,Department of Community Development.
Juneau, C.a.B. 1991. Juneau wetlands management plan concept approved draft. City and Borough of Juneau, Department of Community Development.
Jurasz, C.M. 1976. Study of cetacea in Glacier Bay National Monument. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Jurasz, C.M. 1977. Status of humpback whales and other cetacea in Glacier Bay National Monument, Pt. I. Sea Search, Inc., Auke Bay, Alaska.
Jurasz, C.M., and V. Jurasz. 1977. Status of humpback whales and other cetacea in Glacier Bay National Monument, a report to the National Park Service. University of Alaska, Cooperative Park Studies Unit, Fairbanks.
Jurasz, C., and V. Jurasz. 1978. Whales and vessels. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Jurasz, C.M. 1978. Among 30-ton whales: good luck by mistake. Defenders of Wildlife. 54:80-85.
Jurasz, C.M., and V. Jurasz. 1978. Humpback whales in southeastern Alaska. In: Alaska whales and whaling. ALGE. 5:116-127.
Jurasz, C.M., and V. Jurasz. 1978. Results of 1977 studies on humpback whales in Glacier Bay National Monument. University of Alaska, Cooperative Park Studies Unit, Fairbanks.
Jurasz, C.M. 1979. Humpback whale study in Glacier Bay National Monument, interim report 1979. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Jurasz, C.M. 1979. Humpback whale study in Glacier Bay National Monument, interim report, 1979, to the National Park Service,. University of Alaska, Cooperative Park Studies Unit, Fairbanks.
Jurasz, C.M., and V. Jurasz. 1979. Ecology of humpback whales, draft final report to the National Park Service. University of Alaska, Cooperative Park Studies Unit, Fairbanks.
Jurasz, C.M., and V.P. Jurasz. 1979. Feeding modes of the humpback whale (Megaptera novaeangliae) in southeast Alaska. Scientific Reports of the Whales Research Institute. 31:69-83.
Jurasz, C.M., and V. Palmer. 1979. Feeding modes of the humpback whale (Megaptera novaeangliae) in southeast Alaska. Whales Research Institute Science.
Jurasz, C.M., and V. Palmer. 1979. Censusing and establishing age composition of humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) employing photo-documentation in Glacier Bay National Monument, Alaska, 1973-1979. Sea Search, Ltd., Auke Bay, Alaska.
Jurasz, C.M., and V. Jurasz. 1980. Humpback whales in southeast Alaska, historical perspective. Sea Seaarch Ltd., Auke Bay, Alaska.
Jurasz, C.M., and V. Palmer. 1981. Paper #3. Distribution and characteristic responses of humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) in Glacier Bay National Monument, Alaska, 1973-1979. Sea Search, Ltd.
Jurasz, C.M., V. Palmer, and E.L. Noble. 1981. An examination of the distribution of humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) in southeast Alaska. Alaska Department of Fish and Game.
Jurasz, C.M., and V. Palmer. 1981. Censusing and establishing age composition of humpback whales. (Megaptera novaeangliae) employing photodocumentation in Glacier Bay National Monument, Alaska, 1973-1979. Pt I. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Jurasz, C.M., and V. Palmer. 1981. Humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) and vessel reactions in Glacier Bay National Monument, Alaska 1976-1979, Pt. 2. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Jurasz, C.M., and V. Palmer. 1981. Distribution and characteristic responses of humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) in Glacier Bay National Monument, Alaska 1973-1979, Pt. 3. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Kaartvedt, S., and H. Svendsen. 1990. Impact of freshwater runoff on physical oceanography and plankton distribution in a Western Norwegian fjord: An experiment with a controlled discharge from a hydroelectric power plant. Estuarine Coastal Shelf Sci. 31:381-396.
Kadlec, J.A., and W.H. Drury. 1968. Aerial estimation of the size of gull breeding colonies. Journal of Wildlife Management. 32:287-293.
Kadmon, R. 1995. Nested species subsets and geographic isolation: A case study. Ecology (Washington D C). 76:458-465.
Kaimmer, S.M., and G. St-Pierre. Section 3. A depletion fishing and tagging study in British Columbia in stock assessment document II.
Kaiper, D., and N. Kaiper. 1978. Tlingits: their art, culture, and legends. Hancock House Publishers, Ltd., Saanichton, BC. pp.
Kaiser, R.J. 1986. Characteristics of the Pacific weathervane scallop (pecten [patinopecten] caurinus) fishery in Alaska, 1967-1981. Alaska department of fish and game.
Kaiser, G.W., T.E. Mahon, and M.D. Fawcett. 1990. Studies of Marbled Murrelets in marine habitats, during 1990. Canadian Wildlife Service.
Kaiser, J. 1998. Sea otter declines blamed on hungry killers. Scientific Reports Whales Research Institute, Tokyo. 282:390-391.
Kamenskii, A. 1985. Tlingit Indians of Alaska. University of Alaska, Fairbanks.
Kan, S. 1983. Words that heal the soul: analysis of the Tlingit potlatch oratory. Arctic Anthropology. 20:47-59.
Kan, S. 1986. The 19th Century Tlingit Potlatch: a new perspective. A,erocam ethnologist. 13:191-212.
Kan, S. 1987. Memory eternal: orthodox Christianity and the Tlingit mortuary complex. Arctic anthropology. 24:32-55.
Kan, S. 1989. Symbolic immortality: The Tlinget potlatch of the nineteenth century. Smithsonian Institution, 85 pp.
Kan, S. 1990. The sacred and the secular: Tlingit potlatch songs outside the potlatch. American Indian Quarterly. 14:355-366.
Kan, S. 1991. Shamanism and christianity: modern-day Tlingit elders look at the past. Ethnohistory. 38:363-387.
Kanwisher, J., and G. Sundnes. 1965. Physiology of a small cetacean. Hvalrad. Skr. 48:45-53.
Kappe, A.L., L. van de Zande, E.J. Vedder, R. Bijlsma, and W. van Delden. 1995. Genetic variation in Phoca vitulina (the harbour seal) revealed by DNA fingerprinting and RAPDS. Heredity. 74:647-653.
Karinen, J.F., B.L. Wing, and R.R. Straty. 1985. Records and sightings of fish and invertebrates in the eastern Gulf of Alaska and oceanic phenomena related to the 1983 El Nino event. In: W.S. Wooster and D.L. Fluharty (eds.), El Nino north; Nino effects in the eastern subarctic Pacific Ocean. Vol. Washington Sea Grant Program, University of Washington, Seattle, Seattle, pp. 253-267.
Karl, S.M., J.E. Decker, and B.R. Johnson. 1982. Discrimination of Wrangellia and the Chugach terrane in the Kelp Bay Group of Chichagof and Baranof Island, southeastern Alaska. U.S. Geological Survey.
Karl, T.R., R.E. Livezey, and E.S. Epstein. 1984. Recent unusual mean winter temperatures across the contiguous United States. Bulletin American Meteorological Society. 65:1302-1309.
Karo, H.A. 1938. Topography in Glacier Bay and wildlife observation. U.S. Coast and Geodetic Survey.
Karpov, K.A. 1983. Effect of substrate type on survival and growth in high density communal cultures of juvenile Dungeness crabs, Cancer magister. In: P.W. Wild and R.N. Tasto (eds.), Life history, environment, and mariculture studies of the Dungeness crab, (Cancer magister), with emphasis on the central California fishery resource. Vol. 172. California Department of Fish and Game, pp. 311-318.
Kastak, D., and R.J. Schusterman. 1998. Low-frequency amphibious hearing in pinnipeds: methods, measurements, noise, and ecology. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America. 103:2216-2228.
Kastak, D., R.J. Schusterman, B.L. Southall, and C.J. Reichmuth. 1999. Underwater temporary threshold shift induced by octave-band noise in three species of pinniped. Acoustical Society of America. 106:1142-1148.
Kastelein, R.A., and N.M. Gerrits. 1990. The anatomy of the walrus head (Odobenus rosmarus) Part 1: The skull. Aquat. Mamm. 16:101-119.
Kastelein, R.A., N. Vaughan, and P.R. Wiepkema. 1990. The food consumption of Steller sea lions (Eumetopias jubatus). Aquat. Mamm. 15:137-44.
Kastelein, R.A., and F.C. Weltz. 1990. Distribution, abundance, reproduction and behaviour of Steller sea lions (Eumetopias jubatus) in Prince William Sound, Alaska. Aquat. Mamm. 15:145-157.
Kastelein, R.A., M. Passe, P. Klinkhamer, and P.R. Wiepkema. 1991. Food dispensers as occupational therapy for the walrus (Odobenus rosmarus divergens) at the Harderwijk Marine Mammal Park. New Developments in the Zoo World. 30:207-212.
Kastelein, R.A., and F.C. Weltz. 1991. Distribution and behaviour of Steller sea lions (Eumetopias jubabtus) in Prince William Sound, Alaska, June 1989. 17:91-97.
Kasuya, T. 1978. The life history of Dall's porpoise with special reference to the stock off the Pacific coast of Japan. The Scientific Reports of the Whales Research Institute. 30:1-63.
Kasuya, T., and H. Marsh. 1981. Life history and reproductive biology of the short-finned pilot whale, globicephala macrorhynchus, off the Pacific coast of Japan. La Jolla, CA.
Kasuya, T., and L.L. Jones. 1984. Behavior and segregation of the Dall's porpoise in the Northwestern North Pacific Ocean. The Scientific Reports of the Whales Research Institute. 35:107-128.
Katona, S.K., B. Baxter, O. Brazier, S. Kraus, J. Perkins, and H. Whitehead. 1979. Identification of humpback whales by fluke photographs. In: H.E. Winn and B.L. Olla (eds.), Behavior of Marine Animals, Volume 3: Cetaceans. Vol. Plenum Press, pp. 33-44.
Katona, S.K. 1991. Large-scale planning for assessment and recovery of humpback whale populations. Mem Queensl Mus. 30:297-306.
Katona, S.K., and J.A. Beard. 1991. Humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) in the western North Atlantic Ocean. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum. 30:307-321.
Katz, M. Introduction- Gulf of Alaska fisheries.
Kaufmann, J.M. 1954. Glacier Bay National Monument, a history of its boundaries. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Kawamura, G., T. Matsuoka, T. Tajiri, M. Nishida, and M. Hayashi. 1995. Effectiveness of a sugarcane-fish combination as bait in trapping swimming crabs. Fisheries Research (Amsterdam). 22:155-160.
Keating, K.A., W.G. Brewster, and C.H. Key. 1991. Satellite telemetry: Performance of animal-tracking systems. J. Wild. MaJournal of Wildlife Managementnage. 55:160-171.
Keay, J.A., and J.W. Van Wagtendonk. Effect of Yosemite backcountry use levels on incidents with black bears. 5.
Keenleyside, M.H., and H. Dupuis. 1987. Courtship and spawning competition in pink salmon (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha). Canadian Journal of Zoology. 66:262-265.
Keesing, J.K., and J.L. Baker. 1998. The benefits of catch and effort data at a fine spatial scale in the South Australian abalone (Haliotis laevigata and H. rubra) fishery. In: G. Jamieson and A. Campbell (eds.), Proceedings of the North Pacific Symposium on Invertebrate Stock Assessment and Management. Vol. 125. Canadian Special Publication of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, pp. 179-186.
Keiter, R.B. 1998. Ecosystems and the law: toward an integrated approach. Ecol. Appl. 8:332-341.
Keith, L.B. 1974. Population dynamics of mammals. 11.
Keithahn, E.L. 1963. The petroglyphs of Southeastern Alaska. American Antiquity. 6:123-32.
Keithahn, E.L. 1963. Monuments in cedar. Superior, Seattle. pp.
Kellog, R. 1928. What is known of the migration of some of the whalebone whales. Annual Report of the Smithsonian Institution. 467-494.
Kelly, W.A., and F.H. Willard. 1905. Grammar and vocabulary of the Tlingit language of Southeastern Alaska. Bureau of Education. Washington, D.C.
Kelly, B.P. 1981. Pelage polymorphism in Pacific harbor seals. Can. J. Zool. 59:1212-1219.
Kelly, M.D., P.O. McMillan, and W.J. Wilson. 1990. North Pacific salmonid enhancement programs and genetic resources: issues and concerns. U.S. National Park Service, Alaska Regional Office, Anchorage. Washington, D.C.
Kelly, B.P., J. Anthony, and L.A. Jemison. 1994. Status and trends of harbor seal and sea otter populations in Prince William Sound and lower Cook Inlet, Alaska. Institute of Marine Science. Fairbanks, AK.
Kelly, B.P., and D. Wartzok. 1996. Ringed seal diving behavior in the breeding season. Can. J. Zool. 74:1547-1555.
Kelly, B.P. 1996. Live capture of ringed seals in ice-covered waters. Journal of Wildlife Management. 60:678-684.
Kelt, D.A., M.L. Taper, and P.L. Meserve. 1995. Assessing the impact of competition on community assembly: A case study using small mammals. Ecology (Washington D C). 76:1283-1296.
Kempf, S.C., and M.G. Hadfield. 1985. Planktotrophy by the lecithotrophic larvae of a nudibranch, (Phestilla sibogae) (gastropoda). Biol. Bull. 169:119-130.
Kenchington, R.A. et al. 1987. Marine conservation and biosphere reserves. Marine Policy Center. Woods Hole, MA.
Kenchington, R.A. 1989. Planning for the Galapagos Marine Resources Reserve. Ocean & Shoreline Management. 12:47-59.
Kendeigh, S.C., V.R. Dol'nik, and V.M. Gavrilov. 1977. Avian energetics. In: J. Pinowski and S.C. Kendeigh (eds.), Granivorous Birds in Ecosystems. Vol. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp. 127-204.
Kenkel, N.C., P. Juhasz-Nagy, and J. Podani. 1989. On sampling procedures in population and community ecology. Vegetation. 83:195-207.
Kennedy, G.C., and M.S. Walton Jr. 1946. Geology and associated mineral deposits of some ultra basic rock bodies in southeastern Alaska. U.S. Geological Survey.
Kennedy, A.D. 1990. Marine reserve management in developing nations: Mida Creek - a case study from East Africa. Ocean & Shoreline Management. 14:105-132.
Kennelly, S.J., and J.R. Craig. 1989. Effects of trap design, independence of traps and bait on sampling populations of spanner crabs Ranina ranina. Mar. Ecol. (Prog. Ser.). 51:125.
Kenney, R.D., and H.E. Winn. 1986. Ceatacean high-use habitats of the Northeast United States continental shelf. Fish. Bull. 84:345-357.
Kenney, R.D., and H.E. Winn. 1987. Cetacean biomass densities near submarine canyons compared to adjacent shelf/slope areas. 7:107-114.
Kenney, J.e. 1995. Marine sanctuary a report of the national marine sanctuaries. Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History. Santa Barbara, CA.
Kenward, R.E. Quantity versus quality: programmed collection and analysis of radio-tracing data. In: Analytical Techniques. Vol. pp. 232-246.
Kenward, R. 1987. Wildlife Radio Tagging: Equipment, Field Techniques and Data Analysis. Academic Press, London. 222 pp.
Kenyon, K.W. 1955. Last of the Tlingit sealers. June.
Kenyon, K.W., and D.L. Spencer. 1960. Sea otter population and transplant studies in Alaska, 1959. U.S. Bureau of Sport Fisheries and Wildlife.
Kenyon, K.W., and D.W. Rice. 1961. Abundance and distribution of the Steller sea lion. Journal Mammalogy. 42:223-234.
Kenyon, K.W. 1962. History of the Steller sea lion at the Pribilof Islans, Alaska. Journal of Mammalogy. 43:68-75.
Kenyon, K.W. 1965. Food of harbor seals at Amchitka Island, Alaska. Journal of Mammalogy. 46:103-104.
Kenyon, K.W., and R.E. Phillips. 1965. Birds from the Pribilof Islands and vicinity. Auk. 82:624-635.
Kenyon, K.W. 1969. The sea otter in the eastern Pacific Ocean. In: North American Fauna. Vol. 68. U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Bureau of Sport Fisheries and Wildlife, pp. 105-283.
Kenyon, K.W. 1986. Sea Otter. In: D. Haley (ed.), Mar. Mamm. Sci. Vol. Pacific Search Press, pp. 255-263.
Kerfoot, C.W., and S. Andrew (eds). 1987. Predation: direct and indirect impacts on aquatic communities. University Press of New England, Hanover and London.
Kerr, S.R. 1980. Niche theory in fisheries ecology. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society. 109:254-257.
Kerr, S.R. 1990. The fry paradigm: its significance for contemporary ecology. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society. 119:779-785.
Kerr, R.A. 1998. Pushing back the origins of animals. Scientific Reports Whales Research Institute, Tokyo. 279:803-804.
Kerr, R.A. 1999. Will the Arctic Ocean lose all its ice? Scientific Reports Whales Research Institute, Tokyo. 286:1828.
Ketchen, K.S. 1961. Observations on the ecology of the Pacific Cod (gadus macrocephalus) in Canadian waters. J. Orn. 18:513-558.
Ketten, D.R. 1991. Form, frequency, and adaptation in cetacean ears. Chicago, Illinois.
Keyes, M.C. 198? The nutrition of pinnipeds. In: The behavior and physiology of pinnipeds. Vol. pp. 359-395.
Khen, G.V. 1988. Oeanographic conditions and Bering Sea biological productivity. University of Alaska. Anchorage, Alaska.
Kie, J.G. Measures of wild ungulate performance: Population density and condition of individuals.
Kieckhefer, T.R. 1992. Feeding ecology of humpback whales in continental shelf waters near Cordell Bank, California. M.S. Thesis, San Jose State University, San Jose, California. 86 pp.
Kiff, L.F. 1981. Eggs of the marbled murrelet (Brachyramphus marmoratus). Wilson Bulletin. 93:400-403.
Kihara, K., and A.M. Shimada. 1991. Distribution of yellowfin sole (Limanda aspera) and its predators. J. Theor. Bio. 78:65-74.
Kildaw, S.D. 1997. A whole-island census of kittiwakes on St. George Island, Alaska. National Biological Service. Washington, D.C.
Kildaw, S.D. 1999. Competitive displacement? An experimental assessment of nest site preferences of cliff-nesting gulls. Ecology. 80:576-586.
Kim, S.L., and J.S. Oliver. 1989. Swarming benthic crustaceans in the Bering and Chukchi seas and their relation to geographic patterns in gray whale feeding. 67:1531-1542.
Kimball, A.L., J.C. Still, and J.L. Rataj. 1978. Mineral resources. U.S. Geological Survey.
Kimker, A. 1985. A recent history of the Orca Inlet, Prince William Sound Dungeness crab fishery with specific reference to sea otter predation. Alaska Sea Grant College Program. Fairbanks, Alaska.
Kimker, A. 1991. Cook Inlet Dungeness crab, survey plan. Alaska Department of Fish and Game, Commercial Fisheries Management and Development Division. Homer, Alaska.
Kimker, A. 1992. Tanner crab survival in closed pots. Ak. Dept. Fish Game, Div. Comm. Fish. Manage. Dev., Reg. Info. Rpt. 2A92-21, Anchorage:-.
Kinas, P. 1995. Bayesian fishery stock assessment and decision making using adaptive importance sampling. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 53:414-423.
King, J.G., F.C. Robards, and C.J. Lensink. 1972. Census of the bald eagle breeding population in southeast Alaska. Journal of Wildlife Management. 35:1292-1295.
King, K.A., J.O. Keith, C.A. Mitchell, and J.E. Kierans. 1977. Ticks as a factor in nest desertion of California Brown Pelicans. The Condor. 79:507-509.
King, K.A., D.R. Blankinship, R.T. Paul, and R.C.A. Rice. 1977. Ticks as a factor in the 1975 nesting failure of Texas Brown Pelicans. Wilson Bulletin. 89:157-158.
Kington, B.L. 1975. Kittiwake taking bread from hand. Br Birds. 68:
Kinne, O. (ed). 1970. Marine Ecology. Wiley-Interscience, London, New York.
Kirchoff, M.D. 1991. Status, biology and conservation concerns for the wolf (Canus lupus ligoni) in southeast Alaska. Alaska Department of Fish and Game, Division of Wildlife Conservation.
Kirchoff, M.D. 1992. Effects of forest fragmentation on deer in Southeast Alaska. Alaska Department of Fish and Game, Division of Wildlife Conservation.
Kirk, R. 1983. Of time and ice. In: Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve, Alaska. Vol. National Park Handbook 123. U.S. National Park Service, Division of Publications, Washington, D.C., pp. 22-102.
Kirk, R. 1986. Tradition and change on the Northwest Coast. University of Washington Press, Seattle. pp.
Kirk, J.P., V.S. Nash, and H.S. Hill Jr. 1993. A new perspective and approach to managing inland recreational fisheries. Alaska Sea Grant College Program. University of Alaska Fairbanks. 93-02.
Kirkevold, B.C., and J.S. Lockard (eds). 1986. Behavioral Biology of Killer Whales. Alan R. Liss, New York.
Kirkevold, B.C. 1986. Introduction and management issues of wild and captive Killer Whales. In: B.C. Kirkevold and J.S. Lockard (eds.), Behavioral Biology of Killer Whales. Vol. Alan R. Liss, Inc., New York, pp. 3-16.
Kitaysky, A.S., J.C. Wingfield, and J.F. Piatt. 1999. Dynamics of food availability, body condition and physiological stress response in black-legged kittiwakes. Functional Ecology. 13:577-584.
Kitaysky, A.S., J.F. Piatt, J.C. Wingfield, and M. Romano. 1999. The adrenocortical stress-response of Black-legged Kittiwake chicks in relation to dietary restrictions. J Comp Physiol B. 169:303-310.
Kjorsvik, E., T. Haug, and J. Tjemsland. 1987. Spawning season of the Atlantic halibut (Hippoglossus hippoglossus) in northern Norway. J Cons Cons Int Explor Mer. 43:285-293.
Klecka, W.R. Discriminant analysis. In: Statistical package for the social sciences. Vol. pp. 4347-467.
Kleiber, P. 1994. Modeling effects of FADs and islands on movement of skipjack tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis): estimating parameters from tagging data. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 51:2642-2653.
Klein, L.F. 1975. Tlingit women and town politics. New York University.
Klein, D.R. 1994. Wilderness: a western concept alien to Arctic cultures. Information North. 1-6.
Klimley, A.P. 1983. Social organization of schools of the scalloped hammerhead shark, (Sphyrna lewini) (Griffith and Smith), in the gulf of california. 44:33.
Klimley, A.P., S.B. Butler, D.R. Nelson, and A.T. Stull. 1988. Diel movements of scalloped hammerhead sharks, Sphyrna lewini Griffith and Smith, to and from a seamount in the Gulf of California [Mexico]. J. Field Ornith. 33:751-762.
Klimley, A.P., S.D. Anderson, P. Pyle, and R.P. Henderson. 1992. Spatiotemporal patterns of white shark (Carcharodon carcharias) predation at the South Farallon Islands, California. Copeia. 58:680-690.
Klimley, A.P., F.A. Voegeli, S.C. Beavers, and B.J. Le Boeuf. 1998. Automated listening stations for tagged marine fishes. Marine Technology Society Journal. 32:94-101.
Klinger, N. 1987. Sea otter outer coast observations, summer 1987. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Klomp, N.I., and R.D. Wooller. 1988. Diet of Little Penguins, Eudyptula minor, from Penguin Island, Western Australia. Aust. J. Mar. Freshwater Res. 39:633-9.
Klomp, N.I., and R.W. Furness. 1992. Non-breeders as a buffer against environmental stress: declines in numbers of Great Skuas on Foula, Shetland, and prediction of future recruitment. Journal of Applied Ecology. 29:341-348.
Klopfer, P.H., and J.P. Hailman. 1965. Habitat selection in birds. Advances in the Study of Behavior. 1:279-303.
Klotz, O.J. 1899. Notes on glaciers of southeast Alaska and adjoining territory. Geographical Journal. 14:523-534.
Klotz, O.J. 1907. Recession of Alaskan Glaciers. Geographical Journal. 30:419-421.
Klumov, S.K. 1959. Feeding and helminth fauna of whalebone whales (Mystacoceti) in main whaling regions of the world ocean. 1-210.
Klut, M.E., and J.G. Stockner. 1990. Virus-like particles in an ultra-oligotrophic lake on Vancouver Island, British Columbia. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 47:725-730.
Knapp, F., and R.L. Childe. 1896. The Thlinkets of Southeastern Alaska. Stone and Kimball, Chicago. pp.
Knass, J.A. 1985. The effects of the Law of the Sea on future marine scientific research and of marine scientific research on the future Law of the Sea. Louisiana Law Review. 45:1201-1219.
Knight, R.L., and S.K. Knight. 1984. Responses of wintering bald eagles to boating activity. Journal of Wildlife Management. 45:999-1004.
Knight, R.L., P.J. Randolph, G. Allen, L.S. Young, and R.J. Wigen. 1990. Diets of nesting bald eagles (Haliaeetus leucocephalus), in Western Washington. Can. Field-Nat. 104:545-551.
Knight, R.L., D.P. Anderson, and N.V. Marr. 1991. Respones of an avian scavenging guild to anglers. Bio. Cons. 56:195-205.
Knopp, T.B., and E.S. Caldbeck. 1990. The role of participatory democracy in forest management. J. Fisheries Biol. 88:13-18.
Knowlton, A.R., S.D. Kraus, and R.D. Kenney. 1994. Reproduction in North Atlantic right whales (Eubalaena glacialis). Can. J. Zool. 72:1297-1305.
Knudson, N.S.C., and K.S.C. Knudson Sr. 1975. Oral history tape of an interview with Nancy St. Clair Knudson and Kelly St. Clair, Sr. by Ella St. Clair; transcript. Juneau, AK.
Knudtson, P.M. 1974. Birth of a harbor seal. Natural History. 83:3-=37.
Knudtson, P.M. 1975. Observations on the breeding behavior of the harbor seal, in Humboldt Bay, California. California Fish and Game. 66-71.
Koch, W.B. 1971. The native Alaskan social movement. Washington Sate University. Pullman, WA.
Kodolov, L.S. 1995. Stock condition of Pacific halibut (Hippoglossus stenolepis) in the northwestern Bering Sea. In: Proceedings of the international symposium on north Pacific flatfish. Vol. Alaska Sea Grant College Program, Fairbanks, Alaska, pp. 481-495.
Koeller, P. 1999. Influence of temperature and effort on lobster catches at different temporal and spatial scales and the implication for stock assessments. Fish. Bull. 97:62-70.
Koeneman, T.M., and D.V. Buchanan. 1985. Growth of the golden king crab (Lithodes aequispina) in southeast Alaskan waters. Anchorage, Alaska.
Koeneman, T.M. 1985. Evidence that a single size-class of (Cancer magister) has supported the Yakutat commercial fishery since the 1981-1982 season. University of Alaska Sea Grant College Program. Petersburg, Alaska. 85-03.
Koeneman, T.M. 1985. Brief review of commercial fisheries for Dungeness crab (Cancer magister) in southeast Alaska and Yakutat waters, with emphasis on recent seasons. In: B.R. Melteff (ed.), Proceedings of the symposium on Dungeness crab biology and management. Vol. Alaska Sea Grant Report No. 85-3. University of Alaska, Alaska Sea Grant College Program, Anchorage, Alaska, pp. 61-76.
Koeneman, T.M. 1985. A brief review of the commercial fisheries for (Cancer magister) in southeast Alaska and Yakutat waters, with emphasis on recent seasons. Alaska Department of Fish and Game. Petersburg, Alaska.
Koeneman, T. 1987. Statistical area A (Southeast Alaska-Yakutat) king crab - report to Alaska Board of Fisheries 1986/1987. Alaska Department of Fish and Game.
Koeneman, T. 1989. Report to the board of fisheries Southeast Alaska (statistical area A) and Yakutat (statistical area D). Southeast Region
Alaska Department of Fish and Game
Division of Commercial Fisheries.
Koeneman, T., and C.A. Botelho. 1989. Report to the board of fisheries Southeast Alaska (statistical area A) and Yakutat (statistical area D) shrimp.
Koeneman, T. 1990. Report to the board of fisheries 1989/90 region 1 shellfish fisheries. ADFG. Juneau, Alaska.
Koeneman, T., K. Imamura, C.A. Botelho, and R. Larson. 1991. Report to the board of fisheries: introduction to 1990/91 shellfish fisheries. ADF&G. Juneau, AK.
Koeneman, T., and C.A. Botelho. 1993. Report to the board of fisheries: introduction to 1992/93 shellfish fisheries. ADF&G. Juneau, AK.
Koeneman, T., and C.A. Botelho. 1995. Report to the board of fisheries: introduction to 1994/95 shellfish fisheries. ADF&G. Juneau, AK.
Koenig, W.D., D. Van Vuren, and P.N. Hooge. 1996. Detectability, philopatry, and the distribution of dispersal distances in vertebrates. Elsevier Trends Journals. 11:514-517.
Koenig, W.D., and J.M.H. Knops. 1998. Testing for spatial autocorrelation in ecological studies. Ecography. 21:423-429.
Koenings, J.P., J. McNair, and B. Sele. 1984. Limnological and fisheries evidence for area limitation in Falls Lake, northern SE Alaska (1981-1982). Alaska Department of Fish and Game.
Koenings, J.P., J.A. Edmundson, and D.L. Barto. 1989. Glacial silt--help or hindrance to lake productivity. Alaska Department of Fish and Game.
Koeppl, J.W., G.W. Korch, N.A. Slade, and J.P. Airoldi. 1985. Robust statistics for spartial analysis: the center of activity. Museum of Natural History. 115:1-14.
Kohls, S., D. Lawrence, and M. Noble. 1995. Checklist of the vascular flora of: Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve. National Park Service.
Kohls, S.J., and D.B. Lawrence. 1995. Nitrogen fixers in early primary succession on surfaces of two ages at Wachusett Inlet, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve, Alaska. U.S. National Park Service. Glacier Bay National Park & Preserve, AK. 1993.
Kolasa, J., and S.T.A. Pickett (eds). 1991. Ecological heterogeneity. Springer-Verlag, New York, New York, USA.
Kolok, A.S. 1997. Effect of freshwater acclimation on the swimming performance and plasma osmorarity of the Euryhaline Gulf Killifish. Transactions American Fisheries Society. 866-870.
Kon, T., M. Niwa, and F. Yamakawa. 1968. Fisheries biology of the tanner crab. -II on the frequency of molting. Bull. Jpn. Soc. Sci. Fish. 34:138-142.
Kon, T. 1979. Ecological studies on larvae of the crabs belonging to the genus Chionoecetes -I: The influence of starvation on the survival and growth of the Zuwai Crab. Bull. Jpn. Soc. Sci. Fish. 45:7-9.
Kon, T. 1996. Overview of tanner crab fisheries around the Japanese Archipelago. Alaska Sea Grant College Program. Anchorage, AK. 96-02.
Kon, T., N. Letugu, K. Ryoke, and M. Kawashiro. 1996. Ecology of the snow crab (Chionoecetes opilio) from an isolated, unfished bank in the Sea of Japan. Alaska Sea Grant College Program. Anchorage, AK (USA). 96-02.
Kondzela, C.M., C.M. Guthrie III, R.B. Wilson, H.R. Carlson, and A.J. Gharrett. 1989. Preliminary report on genetic diversity of southern southeast Alaska chum salmon populations. U.S. National Marine Fisheries Service, Auke Bay Laboratory, Juneau.
Kondzela, C.M., and T.C. Shirley. 1993. Survival, feeding, and growth of juvenile dungeness crabs from southeastern Alaska reared at different temperatures. J Crustacean Biol. 13:25-35.
Koopman, H.N., and D.E. Gaskin. 1993. Individual and geographical variation in pigmentation patterns of the harbour porpoise, Phocoena phocoena (L.). Can. J. Zool. 72:135-143.
Koopman, H.N. 1998. Topographical distribution of the blubber of harbor porpoises (Phocoena phocoena). Journal of Mammology. 79:260-270.
Korpimaki, E. 1991. Poor reproductive success of polygynously mated female Tengmalm's owls: are better options available? Animal Behavior. 41:37-47.
Korschgen, C.E., and R.B. Dahlgren. 1992. Human disturbances of waterfowl: causes, effects, and management. U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service.
Kosinski, R.J., and R.H. Podolsky. 1979. An analysis of breeding and mortality in a maturing Kittiwake (Rissa tridactyla) colony. Auk. 96:537-543.
Koski, W.R., R.A. Davis, G.W. Miller, and D.E. Withrow. Reproduction. In: J.J. Burns, J.J. Montague and C.J. Cowles (eds.), The bowhead whale. Vol. Society for Marine Mammalogy, pp. 239-274.
Koski, K.V., and D.A. Kirchhofer. 1982. A stream ecosystem in an old-growth forest in southeast Alaska. Part IV: Food of juvenile coho salmon, (Oncorhynchus kisutch) in relation to abundance of drift and benthos. Juneau, Alaska.
Koski, W.R., G.W. Miller, and R.A. Davis. 1988. The potential effects of tanker traffic on the bowhead whale in the Beaufort Sea. Department of Indian Affairs and Northern Development.
Koteja, P. 1991. On the relation between basal and field metabolic rates in birds and mammals. Funct. Ecol. 5:56-64.
Koth, B.A., D. Field, and R. Clark. 1985. An analysis of cruise ship passenger characteristics, activity patterns and evaluation of recreation opportunities in southeast Alaska. Oregon State University College of Forestry, Cooperative Park Studies Unit, Corvallis.
Koutnik, M.A., and D.K. Padilla. 1994. Predicting the Spatial Distribution of Dreissena polymorfa(Zebra Mussel) among Inland Lakes of Wisconsin: Modeling with GIS. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 51:1189-1196.
Kovacs, K.M. 1987. Maternal behaviour and early behavioursl ontogeny of grey seals (Halichoerus grypus) o the Isle of May, UK. Journal of the Zoological Society of London. 213:697-715.
Kovacs, K.M., and S. Innes. 1990. The impact of tourism on harp seals (Phoca groenlandica) in the gulf of St. Lawrence, Canada. Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. 26:15-26.
Kovacs, K.M., K.M. Jonas, and S.E. Welke. 1990. Sex and age segregation by (Phoca vitulina concolor) at haul-out sites during the breeding season in the Passamaquoddy Bay Region, New Brunswick. Marine Mammal Science. 6:204-214.
Kovacs, K.M., and D.M. Lavigne. 1992. Maternal investment in otariid seals and walruses. Can. J. Zool. 70:1953-1964.
Kovacs, K.M. 1995. Mother-pup reunions in harp seals, Phoca groenlandica: cues for the relocation of pups. Can. J. Zool. 73:843-849.
Kovacs, K.M., C. Lyderson, M. Hammill, and D.M. Lavigne. 1996. Reproductive effort of male hooded seals (Cystophora cristata): estimates from mass loss. Canadian Jornal of Zoology. 74:1521-1530.
Kralovec, M.L. Habitat use and migratory movements of adult and fledgling bald eagles from Glacier Bay National Park. Masters of Science, 24 pp.
Kralovec, M. 1992. Bald eagles, a brief report to incorporate into the Vessel Management Plan. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Kralovec, M.L., R.L. Knight, G.R. Craig, and R.G. McLean. 1992. Nesting productivity, food habits, and nest sites of bald eagles in Colorado and southestern Wyoming. The Southwestern Naturalist. 37:356-361.
Kralovec, M. 1993. Progress report on bald eagle movements and survival in Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve, 1 January to 30 April, 1993. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park & Preserve.
Kralovec, M. 1994. Bald eagle movements in and from Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve, Alaska: final report.
Kralovec, M.L. 1994. Bald eagle movements in and from Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve, Alaska. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Kralovec, M.L. 1994. Movements and home range size of bald eagles from Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve, Alaska: with an analysis of satellite telemetry. M.S. Thesis, Virginia Polytechnic and State University, pp.
Kralovec, M.L. 1994. Bald eagle nest tree locations and productivity protocols for Glacier Bay National Park 1994. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve. Gustavus, Alaska.
Kralovec, M.L., and R. Yerxa. 1995. Bald eagle productivity: Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve September, 1995. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve. Gustavus, Alaska.
Kralovec, M. 1995. Outer coast trip report, June 16-21, 1995, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve, Gustavus, Alaska. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Kralovec, M., and R. Yerxa. 1995. Trip Report, Icy Bay Seabird Census, Wrangell St. Elias National Park and Preserve, June 5-9. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Kramer, S.H. 1991. Growth, mortality, and movements of juvenile California halibut (Paralichthys californicus) in shallow coastal and bay habitats of Sand Diego County, California. Fish. Bull. 89:195-207.
Kramer, D.L., and M.R. Chapman. 1999. Implications of fish home range size and relocation for marine reserve function. Environ. Biol. Fishes. 55:65-79.
Krasnow, L.D. 1986. Feeding ecology of marine birds in the nearshore waters of Kodiak Island. NOAA. Anchorage, Alaska.
Kraus, S.D. 1990. Rates and potential causes of mortality in North Atlantic right whales (Eubalaena glacialis). Marine Mammal Science. 6:278-291.
Kraus, S.D., A.J. Read, A. Solow, K. Baldwin, T. Spradlin, E. Anderson, and J. Williamson. 1997. Acoustic alarms reduce porpoise mortality. 388.
Krause, A. 1956. The Tlingit Indians, results of a trip to the northwest coast of America and the Bering Straits, translated from the German by Erna Gunther. University of Washington Press, Seattle. 310 pp.
Krause, A., and A. Krause. 1981. Journey to the Tlingits by Aurel and Arthur Krause, 1881/82. Haines centennial commission. Haines, AK.
Krause, A. 1993. To the Chukchi Peninsula and to the Tlingit Indians 1881/1882: Journals and letters by Aurel and Arthur Krause. University of Alaska Press. Fiarbanks, AK.
Krebs, C.J. The experimental paradigm and long-term population studies. Ibis. 133:3-7.
Krebs, C.J. 1985. Ecology: The Experimental Analysis of Distribution and Abundance. Harper & Row, Publishers, New York. 800 pp.
Krieber, M., and C. Barrette. 1984. Aggregation behaviour of harbour seals at Forillon National Park, Canada. J. Amer. Stat. Assoc. 53:913-928.
Krieger, H.W. 1928. Indian Village of SOutheastern Alaska. Smithsonian Institution. Washington, D.C.
Krieger, K.J., and B.L. Wing. 1984. Hydroacoustic surveys and identification of humpback whale forage in Glacier Bay, Stephens Passage, and Frederick Sound, southeastern Alaska, summer 1983. U.S. National Marine Fisheries Service, Auke Bay Laboratory, Juneau.
Krieger, K.J. 1986. Acoustic assessment of euphausiids in Auke Bay.
Krieger, K.J., and F.L. Wing. 1986. Hydroacoustic monitoring of prey to determine humpback whale movements. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration and the National Marine Fisheries Service.
Krieger, K. 1987. Study of humpback whale prey in Glacier Bay. U.S. National Park Service.
Krieger, K.J. 1990. Relationship between prey abundance and usage of Glacier Bay by humpback whales. U.S. National Park Service. Glacier Bay National Park & Preserve, AK. 1988.
Krieger, K.J. 1993. Distribution and Abundance of Rockfish Determined from A Submersible and by Bottom Trawling. U S National Marine Fisheries Service Fishery Bulletin. 91:87-96.
Kripke, A., and R. Fujita. Marine reserve design considerations. Environmental defense fund.
Krouse, J.S. 1989. Performance and selectivity of trap fisheries for crustaceans. In: J.F. Caddy (ed.), Marine invertebrate fisheries: their assessment and management. Vol. John Wiley and Sons, Rome, Italy, pp. 307-324.
Krouse, J.S., and G.E. Nutting. 1990. Evaluation of coded microwire tags inserted in legs of small juvenile american lobsters: fish marking techniques. In: N.C. Parker, A.E. Giorgi, R.C. Heidinger, D.B. Jester Jr., E.D. Prince and G.A. Winans (eds.), Fish-marking techniques. Vol. 7. American Fisheries Science Symposium, pp. 304-310.
Kruse, G.H. 1986. Preliminary Draft: Basis for a Dungeness crab size limit. Ak. Dept. Fish Game, Div. Comm. Fish. Manage. Dev., Unpubl. Rpt. Juneau:-.
Kruse, G.H., T. Dawson, and P. DeSloover. 1987. An annotated bibliography of selected publications on the Dungeness crab (Cancer magister). Ak. Dept. Fish Game, Div. Comm. Fish. Manage. Dev., Fish. Res. Bull. 87-02, Juneau:1-29.
Kruse, G.H. 1988. An overview of Alaska's fisheries: catch and economic importance of the resources, participants in the fisheries, revenues generated, and expenditures on management. ADFG. Juneau, Alaska.
Kruse, J., and R. Frazier. 1988. Report to the community of Hoonah: Tongass resource use cooperative survey. Institute of social and economic research
U.S. forest service
Alaska department of fish and game. Anchorage, AK.
Kruse, S. 1991. The interactions between killer whales and boats in Johnstone Strait, B.C. In: K. Pryor and K.S. Norris (eds.), Dolphin societies discoveries and puzzles. Vol. University of California Press, Berkeley, pp. 149-159.
Kruse, J., and R. Pelz. 1991. Managing beetle-killed spruce on the Kenai Peninsula. Research Summary. October:
Kruse, G., D.M.E. Eggers, R.J. Marasco, C. Pautzke, and T.J. Quinn II (eds). 1993. Proceedings of the international symposium on management strategies for exploited fish populations. Alaska Sea Grant College Program, Anchorage, Alaska.
Kruse, G.H. 1993. Biological perspectives on crab management in Alaska: an oral report to the Alaska Board of Fisheries. Alaska Department of Fish and Game, Commercial Fisheries Management and Development Division. Juneau, Alaska.
Kruse, G.H. 1993. Biological perspectives on crab management in Alaska. Alaska Sea Grant College Program. Anchorage, Alaska. 93-02.
Kruse, G.H., D. Hicks, and M.C. Murphy. 1994. Handling increases mortality of softshell Dungeness crabs returned to the sea. AK. Fish. Res. Bull. 1:1-9.
Kruse, G.H. 1994. Synopsis of the interagency crab research meeting held in Anchorage during December 15-16, 1994. Alaska Department of Fish and Game, Commercial Fisheries Management and Development Division.
Kruse, G.H., and S.M. Shirley. 1994. The Alaskan scallop fishery and its management. Department of fisheries and oceans. Nanaimo, B.C.
Kruse, G.H. 1994. Fishery management plan for commercial scallop fisheries in Alaska. Alaska department of fish and game. Juneau, Alaska.
Kruse, G.H. 1994. King, Tanner and snow crab research in Alaska: a long-term work plan. Ak. Dept. Fish Game, Div. Comm. Fish. Manage. Dev., Reg. Info. Rpt. 5J94-22:1-13.
Kruse, G.H., F.C. Funk, and J. Zheng. 1996. Were Alaskan red king crabs overfished? Alaska Sea Grant College Program. Anchorage, AK. 96-02.
Kruse, G.H. 1996. King and tanner crab research in Alaska: annual report for July 1, 1995 through June 30, 1996. Ak. Dept. Fish Game, Div. Comm. Fish. Manage. Dev., Reg. Info. Rpt. 5J96-11:29.
Kruse, G.H. 1996. Crab research in Alaska: an interagency long-term plan. Alaska Sea Grant College Program. Anchorage, AK. 96-02.
Kruse, G.H. 1997. Annual report on king and tanner crab research: under amendment #3 to cooperative agreement NA37FL0333 during July 1, 1996 through June 30, 1997. Ak. Dept. Fish Game, Div. Comm. Fish. Manage. Dev., Reg. Info. Rpt. 5J97-11:15.
Kruse, G.H. 1997. Summary of the interagency crab research meeting, held december 18-19 1996. Ak. Dept. Fish Game, Div. Comm. Fish. Manage. Dev., Reg. Info. Rpt. 5J97-20:41.
Kruse, G.H. 1997. Fishery thresholds for bristol bay red king crabs. Ak. Dept. Fish Game, Div. Comm. Fish. Manage. Dev., Reg. Info. Rpt. 5J97-14:25.
Kruse, G.H. 1997. King and tanner crab research in Alaska: annual report for July 1, 1996 through June 30, 1997. Ak. Dept. Fish Game, Div. Comm. Fish. Manage. Dev., Reg. Info. Rpt. 5J97-12:29.
Kruse, G.H. 1998. King and Tanner crab research in Alaska. Juneau.
Kruuk, H. 1964. Predators and anti-predator behaviour of the Black-headed Gull (Larus ridibundus L.). Behaviour Suppl. 11:1-129.
Kuiken, T. et al. 1994. PCBs, cause of death and body condition in harbour porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) from British waters. Aquatic Toxicology. 28:13-28.
Kuletz, K.J., and J.F. Piatt. 1999. Juvenile marbled murrelet nurseries and the productivity index. Wilson Bulletin. 111:257-261.
Kurtz, R. 1995. Glacier Bay National Park & Preserve, historic resource study. NPS. Anchorage.
Kushner, D., R. Walder, L. Gorodezky, D. Lerma, and D. Richards. 1993. Kelp forest monitoring: 1993 annual report. National Park Service, Channel Islands National Park. Ventura, CA.
Kuzmin, S., S. Olsen, and O. Gerasimova. 1996. Barents Sea king crab (Paralithodes camtschaticus): transplantation experiments were successful. Alaska Sea Grant College Program. Anchorage, AK. 96-02.
Kvitek, R.G., and M.K. Beitler. 1988. A case for sequestering of paralytic shellfish toxins as a chemical defense. Journal of Shellfish Research. 7:629-636.
Kvitek, R.G. 1991. Sequestered paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins mediate glaucous-winged gull predation on bivalve prey. Auk. 108:381-392.
Kvitek, R.G., A.R. DeGange, and M.K. Beiler. 1991. Paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins mediate feeding behavior of sea otters. Limnology and Oceanography. 36(2):393-404.
Kvitek, R.G., and J.S. Oliver. 1992. Influence of sea otters on soft-bottom prey communities in southeast Alaska. Marine Ecol. Prog. Rep. 82:103-113.
Kvitek, R.G., J.S. Oliver, A.R. DeGange, and B.S. Anderson. 1992. Changes in Alaskan soft-bottom prey communities along a gradient in sea otter predation. Ecology. 73(2):413-428.
Kvitek, R.G. 1993. Diet and foraging behavior of sea otters in southeast Alaska. Marine Mammal Science. 9:168-181.
Kyte, M.A. 1964. A synopsis and key to the recent ophiuroidea of Washington State and B.C. Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada. 26:1727-1741.
La Perouse, J.F.G.d. 1799. Glacier Bay area. In: A Voyage round the world in the years 1785-1788, by the Boussole and the Astrolabe. Vol. 1. Robinson, London, pp. 354-391.
Laake, J.L., J. Calambokidis, S.D. Osmek, and D.J. Rugh. 1997. Probability of detecting harbor porpoise from aerial surveys: estimating g(0). Journal of Wildlife Management. 61:63-75.
Laboratory, N.M.M. 1995. Status review of the U.S. Steller sealion (Eumetopias jubatus) population. NOAA. Seattle, Wa.
Lachance, S., and P. Magnan. 1990. Comparative ecology and behavior of domestic, hybrid, and wild strains of brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis), after stocking. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 47:1185-2292.
Lachance, S., and P. Magnan. 1990. Performance of domestic, hybrid, and wild strains of brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis), after stocking: the impact of intra-and interspecific competition. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 47:2278-2284.
Lack, D. 1966. Population Studies of Birds. Oxford University Press, Oxford. 367 pp.
Ladd, W.S. 1929. The Fairweather mountains. AMAJ. 1:23-30.
Ladd, W.S. 1932. The Fairweather climb. AMAJ. 1:429-444.
Laevastu, T., P. Livingston, and K. Niggol. 1980. Marine mammals in fisheries ecosystem in the eastern Bering Sea and in the northeastern Pacific Ocean. Part 2. Consumption of fish and other marine biota by mammals in the eastern Bering Sea and Aleutian region. NWAFC.
Laevastu, T. 1984. The effects of temperature anomalies on the fluctuation of fish stocks. Conseil International pour Exploration de la Mer. 185:214-225.
Laevastu, T. 1988. Effects of fishing on stocks.
Laevastu, T., and N. Bax. 1988. Programmes for microcomputers for estimation of effects of fishing on exploitable stocks. Program Documentation. 27:103.
Laevastu, T., and N. Bax. 1989. Predation controlled recruitment in Bering Sea fish ecosystem: numerical simulation and empirical evidence. ICES Journal of Marine Science
(International Council for the Exploration of the Sea). 8:24.
Laevastu, T., and N. Bax. 1989. Environment-fish behaviour interactions, numerical simulation and operational use. Newfoundland.
Lafleur, Y. 1969. Ile Bonaventure 1968. Canadian Wildlife Service. Ottawa.
Lagardere, J.P., J.J. Ducamp, L. Frikha, and M. Sperandio. 1988. Ultrasonic tracking of common sole juveniles (Solea vulgaris) in a saltmarsh: methods and fish response to some environmental factors. J. Appl. Ecol. 4:87-96.
Lagardere, J.P., J.J. Ducamp, L. Favre, J.M. Dupin, and M. Sperandio. 1990. A method for the quantitative evaluation of fish movements in salt ponds by acoustic telemetry. J. Exp. Zool. 141:221-236.
Lahr, J.C., and G. Plafker. 1980. Holocene Pacific-North American plate inter-action in southern Alaska: implications for the Yakataga seismic gap. Geology. 8:483-486.
Lai, H.-L., M. Mug, and V.F. Gallucci. 1993. Management strategies for the Tropical Corvina Reina, Cynoscion albus, in a mulsti-mesh size gillnet artisanal fishery. Alaska Sea Grant College Program. University of Alaska Fairbanks. 93-02.
Laidre, K.L., and S.A. Mizroch. 1998. Geographic distribution of marine mammals in the North Pacific Ocean, National Marine Mammal Laboratory, 1958-1995. University of Washington. Seattle.
Laist, D.W. 1987. Overview of the biological effects of lost and discarded plastic debris in the marine environment. Marine Pollution Bulletin. 18:319-326.
Lamberson, R.H., B.R. Noon, C. Voss, and K.S. McKelvey. 1995. Reserve design for territorial species: The effects of patch size and spacing on the viability of the northern spotted owl. In: D. Ehrenfeld (ed.), Raptor Research. Vol. Blackwell Scientific Publications, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA; Oxford, England, UK, pp. 38-48.
Lambert, P. 1981. The sea stars of British Columbia. British Columbia Provincial Museum, Victoria. 153 pp.
Lambertsen, R.H. 1983. Internal mechanism of rorqual feeding. J. Mamm. 64:76-88.
Lambertsen, R.H., C.S. Baker, D.A. Duffield, and J. Chamberlain-Lea. 1988. Cytogenetic determination of sex among individually identified humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae). Can. J. Zool. 66:1243-1249.
Lambertsen, R.H. 1992. Crassicaudosis: a parasitic disease threatening the health and population recovery of large baleen whales. Rev. sci. tech. Off. int. Epiz. 11(4):1131-1141.
Lambertsen, R., N. Ulrich, and J. Straley. 1995. Frontomandibular stay of balaenopteridae: a mechanism for momentum recapture during feeding. Journal of Mammalogy. 76:877-899.
Lamont, M.M. et al. 1996. Genetic substructure of the Pacific harbor seal (Phoca vitulina richardsi) off Washington, Oregon, and California. Marine Mammal Science. 12: 402-413.
Lamoureaux, P., and P. Lafleur. 1982. The effects of exploitation on snow crab populations of the Southwestern Gulf of St. Lawrence between 1975 and 1981.
Lamplugh, G.W. 1885. On ice-grooved rock surfaces near Victoria, Vancouver Island with notes on the glacial phenomena of the neighboring region, and on the Muir Glacier of Alaska. 9.
Lamplugh, G.W. 1886. Notes on the Muir Glacier of Alaska. Nature. January 28:299-301.
Lanctot, R., B. Gill, L. Tibbitts, and C. Handel. 1995. Brood amalgamation in the bristle-thighed curlew (Numenius tahitiensis): process and function. Ibis. 137:559-569.
Lanctot, R.B. 1997. Status and evaluation of factors limiting recovery of the black oystercatcher. U.S. Geological Survey. Anchorage, AK.
Lande, R. 1988. Genetics and demography in biological conservation. Scientific Reports Whales Research Institute, Tokyo. 241:1455-1460.
Landres, P.B., J. Verner, and J.W. Thomas. 1988. Ecological uses of vertebrate indicator species: a critique. Cons. Biology. 2:316-328.
Lane, S., A.J. McGregor, S.G. Taylor, and A.J. Gharrett. 1990. Genetic marking of an Alaskan pink salmon population, with an evaluation of the mark and marking process. Am. Fish. Soc. Symp. 7:395-406.
Lang, G.M., and P.A. Livingston. 1995. Food habits of three congeneric flatfishes: yellowfin sole (Pleuronectes asper), rock sole (P. bilineatus), and Alaska Plaice (P. quadrituberculatus) in the eastern Bering Sea. In: Proceedings of the international symposium on north Pacific flatfish. Vol. Alaska Sea Grant College Program, Fairbanks, Alaska, pp. 225-245.
Langdon, S.J. 1977. Technology, ecology, and economy: fishing systems in Southeast Alaska. Stanford University. Stanford, CA.
Langdon, S. 1980. A brief history of salmon fishing in Cross Sound and Icy Strait. Icy Straits fishery federation.
Langdon, S.J., and R. Worl. 1981. Distribution and exchange of subsistence resources in Alaska. U.S. Department of fish and game. Anchorage, AK.
Langdon, S. 1983. From communal property to common property to limited entry: historical ironies in the management of Southeast Alaskan salmon. University of Alaska, Anchorage. Anchorage, AK.
Langmuir, C.H. 1990. Ocean ridges spring surprises. Nature. 344:585-586.
Langton, R.W., and W.E. Robinson. 1990. Faunal associations on scallop grounds in the western Gulf of Maine. J. Exp. Zool. 144:157-171.
Lanphere, M.A. 1978. Displacement history of the Denali fault system, Alaska and Canada. Canadian Journal of Earth Science. 15:817-822.
Lariviere, M.G., D.D. Jessup, and S.B. Mathews. Lingcod, opiodon elongatus, spawning, and nesting in San Juan channel, Washington. Calif. Dep. Fish. Game. Fish. Bull. 67:231-239.
LaRiviere, P.E., and S.T. Barry. 1998. Limited entry in the Washington coastal Dungeness crab (Cancer magister) fishery: The first step toward rationalizing an overcapitalized and chaotic fishery. In: G. Jamieson and A. Campbell (eds.), Proceedings of the North Pacific symposium on invertebrate stock assessment and management. Vol. 125. Canadian Special Publication of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, pp. 325-333.
Larkin, P.A., and W.E. Ricker. 1964. Further information on sustained yields from fluctuating environments. Journal fisheries reserve board Canada. 21:1-7.
Larkin, R.P., and D. Halkin. 1994. Wildlife Software, a review of software packages for estimating animal home ranges. Wildlife Society Bulletin. American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin:274-287.
Larsen, F.D. 1964. Alaskan glacier reveals some secrets of the past. Northfield VT.
Larsen, A.H., J. Sigurjonsson, N. Oien, G. Vikingsson, and P. Palsboll. 1996. Populations genetic analysis of nuclear and mitochondrial loci in skin biopsies collected from central and northeastern North Atlantic humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae): population identity and migratory destinations. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. 263:1611-1618.
Larson, G.J. 1977. Internal drainage of stagnant ice: Burroughs Glacier, southeast Alaska. Ohio State University, Institute of Polar Studies. Columbus.
Larson, G.J. 1978. Meltwater storage in a temperate glacier, Burroughs Glacier, southeast Alaska. Ohio State University, Institute of Polar Studies. Columbus.
Larson, G. 1987. Hydrologic characteristics of glacier ice: Burroughs Glacier, Alaska. Ohio State University, Byrd Polar Research Center. Columbus.
Larson, R., T.A. Minicucci, and D. Carlile. 1991. Pacific herring research, S.E. Alaska, Completion report: July 1, 1986 to June 30, 1991. Alaska Department of Fish and Game, Division of Commercial Fisheries, Juneau.
Larson, R.L. 1995. The mid-Cretaceous superplume episode. Scientific American. 82-86.
Lauck, T., C.W. Clark, M. Mangel, and G.R. Munro. 1998. Implementing the precautionary principle in fisheries management through marine reserves. Ecol. Appl. 8:S72-S78.
Laufer, H., J.S.B. Ahl, P. Takac, G. Scott, B.G. Stevens, and S.A. Payne. 1996. Hormone and reproductive strategies in spider crabs with emphasis on commercially important species. Alaska Sea Grant College Program. Anchorage, AK. 96-02.
Laundre', J.W., T.D. Reynolds, S.T. Knick, and I.J. Ball. 1987. Accuracy of daily point relocations in assessing real movement of radio-marked animals. Journal of Wildlife Management. 51:937-940.
Laurent, T.H. 1974. The forest ecosystem of southeast Alaska: 6. Forest diseases. U.S. Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Forest and Range Experiment Station, Portland.
Lavigne, D.M. 1976. Counting harp seals with ultra-violet photography. Polar Record. 18:269-277.
Lavigne, D.M., S. Innes, G.A.J. Worthy, K.M. Kovacs, O.J. Schmitz, and J.P. Hickie. 1986. Metaboic rates of seals and whales. Can. J. of Zool. 64:279-284.
Lavigne, D.M., and O.J. Schmitz. 1990. Global warming and increasing population densities: a prescription for seal plagues. Marine Pollution Bulletin. 21:280-284.
Lavigueur, L., and M.O. Hammill. 1993. Distribution and seasonal movements of grey seals, Halichoerus grypus, born in the Gulf of St. Lawrence and Eastern Nova Scotia shore. Can. Field-Nat. 107:329-340.
Law, T.C., and R.W. Blake. 1994. Swimming behaviors and speeds of wild Dall's porpoises (Phocoenoides dalli). Mar. Mamm. Sci. 10:208-213.
Lawrence, D.B., and E.G. Lawrence. 1949. Some glaciers of southeastern Alaska. Mazama. 31:24-30.
Lawrence, D.B. 1950. Glacier fluctuation for six centuries in southeastern Alaska and its relation to solar activity. Geographical Review. 40:191-223.
Lawrence, D.B. 1950. Estimating dates of recent glacier advances and recession rates by studying tree growth layers. Transactions, American Geophysical Union. 31:243-248.
Lawrence, D.B., and L. Hulbert. 1950. Growth stimulation of plants by lupine and alder on recent glacier deposits in southeastern Alaska. Ecological Society of America Bulletin. 31:58.
Lawrence, D.B. 1951. Comment on: "Revegetation and soil formation in Alaska," by R.F. Briggs. National Resources Council Bulletin.
Lawrence, D.B. 1951. Recent glacier history of Glacier Bay, Alaska, and development of vegetation on deglaciated terrain with special reference to the importance of alder in the succession. Yearbook of the American Philosophical Society. 1950:175-176.
Lawrence, D.B. 1951. Glacier fluctuation in northwestern North America within the past six centuries. 1.
Lawrence, D.B., and J.A. Elson. 1953. Periodicity of deglaciation in North America since the late Wisconsin maximum. Geografiska Annaler. 35:83-104.
Lawrence, D.B. 1953. Development of vegetation and soil on deglaciated terrain of southeastern Alaska with special reference to accumulation of nitrogen. University of Minnesota, Department of Botany, Minneapolis.
Lawrence, D.B. 1958. Glaciers and vegetation in southeastern Alaska. Amer. Sci. 46:89-122.
Lawrence, D.B., and E.G. Lawrence. 1961. Response of enclosed lakes to current glaciofluvial climatic conditions in middle latitude western North America. Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. . 95:341-350.
Lawrence, D.B. 1966. Recent variations in glaciers and closed-basin lakes - indication of climatic change.
Lawrence, D.B., R.E. Schoenike, A. Quispel, and G. Bond. 1967. The role of Dryas drummondii in vegetation development following ice recession at Glacier Bay, Alaska, with special reference to its nitrogen fixation by root nodules. J. Crustacean Res. 55:793-813.
Lawrence, D.B. 1972. Geographic distribution of some climate aberrations. Reykjavik Iceland.
Lawrence, D.B. 1979. Primary versus secondary succession at Glacier Bay National Monument, southeastern Alaska. U.S. National Park Service. New Orleans, LA.
Lawrence, D.B. 1980. Memorial to William Skinner Cooper, 1884-1978. Geological Society of America.
Lawrence, D.B. 1984. A plea for conservation of cairns and other landscape markers, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve. The Fairweather. 1984:4.
Lawrence, D.B. 1984. People as inadvertent transporters of plants to the backcountry, Glacier Bay National Park. The Fairweather. 1984:5.
Lawrence, D.B. 1993. Repeat photography of landscape changes at Glacier Bay, 1878-1993. USNPS. Gustavus, Alaska.
Lawrence, D.B., M.G. Noble, R.E. Howe, and W.O. Field. 1995. Repeat photography of landscape changes at Glacier Bay, 1879 - 1993. U.S. National Park Service. Glacier Bay National Park & Preserve, AK. 1993.
Lawson, D.E., P. R.D., and L.E. Hunter. 1991. Ice margin dynamics, hydraulics and sedimentation at the grounding line, Muir Inlet, Glacier Bay, Alaska. GAC/MAC.
Lawson, D.E. 1993. Glaciohydrologic and glaciohydraulic effects on runoff an dsediment yield in glacierized basins. US Army Corps of Engineers Cold Regions Research & Engineering Laboratory.
Lawson, E.G.G., and A.R. Rodgers. 1997. Differences in home-range size computed in commonly used software programs. Wildlife Society Bulletin. 25:721-729.
Lawson, D.E., L.E. Hunter, and S.R. Bigl. 1998. Oceanographic investigation of the proposed outfall location in Bartlett Cove, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve, Alaska. U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory. Hanover, New Hampshire.
Lawson, D.E., L.E. Hunter, S.R. Bigl, and P. Cedfeldt. 1998. Oceanographic investigation of Bartlett Cove, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve, Alaska. U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory. Hanover, New Hampshire.
Lawson, D.E., L.E. Hunter, S.R. Bigl, and P. Cedfeldt. 1998. Oceanographic investigation of Bartlett Cove, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve, Alaska. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Lawton, W.S. 1979. Progress report on acoustical and population studies of the humpback whale in southeastern Alaska. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Lawton, W.S. 1980. Humpback whale study, vessel-whale reaction. Summer, 1980. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Lawton, P., and R.W. Elner. 1985. Feeding in relation to morphometrics within the genus Cancer: Evolutionary and ecological considerations. Alaska Sea Grant College Program. Fairbanks, Alaska. 85-03.
Lawton, P. 1989. Predatory interaction between the brachyuran crab Cancer pagurus and decapod crustacean prey. Marine Ecological Progress Series. 52:169-179.
Lazarus, J. 1979. The early warning function of flocking in birds: an experimental study with captive Quelea. Animal Behavior. 27:855-865.
Le Boeuf, B.J. 1991. Pinniped mating systems on land, ice and in the water: emphasis on the phocidae. In: D. Renouf (ed.), Behaviour of Pinnipeds. Vol. Chapman and Hall, New York, pp. 410.
Le Duff, C. 1995. Charlie Tubbs: Hoonah handtroller tells it like it is-- and was.
Leafloor, J.O., and C.D. Ankney. 1991. Factors affecting wing molt chronology of female mallards. Can. J. Zool. 69:924-928.
Leaman, B.M., and R.J. Beamish. 1984. Ecological and management implications of longevity in some northeast Pacific groundfishes. Vancouver, B.C., Canada.
Leaman, B.M. 1991. Reproductive Styles and Life History Variables Relative To Exploitation and Management of Sebastes Stocks. Environ. Biol. Fishes. 30:253-272.
Lean, C., and B. Brennan. 1997. 1997 Norton Sound District shellfish report to the Alaska Board of Fisheries. Ak. Dept. Fish Game, Div. Comm. Fish. Manage. Dev., Reg. Info. Rpt. 3A97-34:1-24.
Leatherman, S.P., A.T. Davison, and R.J. Nicholls. 1994. Coastal geomorphology. In: Environmental science in the coastal zone: issues for further research. Vol. National Academy Press, Washington D.C, pp. 44-66.
Leatherwood, S., J.R. Gilbert, and D.G. Chapman. 1978. An evaluation of some techniques for aerial censuses of bottlenosed dolphins. Journal of Wildlife Management. 42:239-250.
Leatherwood, S., and J.A. Thomas. 1981. Minke Whales off northwestern Ross Island. Antarctic. 154-156.
Leatherwood, S., F.T. Awbrey, and J.A. Thomas. 1981. Minke whale response to a transiting survey vessel. International Whaling Commission.
Leatherwood, S., R.R. Reeves, W.F. Perrin, and W.E. Evans. 1982. Whales, dolphins and porpoises of the eastern North Pacific and adjacent Arctic waters: a guide to their identification. U.S. Department of Commerce, 245 pp pp.
Leatherwood, S., and R.R. Reeves. 1983. Sierra Club handbook of whales and dolphins. Sierra Club Books, San Francisco, CA. 302 pp.
Leatherwood, S., K.C. Balcomb III, C.O. Matkin, and G. Ellis. 1984. Killer whales (Orcinus orca) of southern Alaska, results of field research, 1984, preliminary report. Hubbs Sea World Research Institute, San Diego, CA.
Leatherwood, S., A.E. Bowles, E. Krygier, J.D. Hall, and S. Ignell. 1984. Killer whales (Orcinus orca) in southeast Alaska, Prince William Sound, and Shelikof Strait: a review of available information. Rep. Fish. Res. Lab. 34:521-530.
Leatherwood, S., R.R. Reeves, A.E. Bowles, B.S. Stewart, and K.R. Goodrich. 1984. Distribution, seasonal movements, and abundance of Pacific white-sided dolphins in the eastern North Pacific. Scientific Reports of the Whales Research Institute, Tokyo. 35:129-157.
Leatherwood, S., C.O. Matkin, J.D. Hall, and G.M. Ellis. 1990. Killer whales (Orcinus orca) photo identified in Prince William Sound, Alaska, 1976 through 1987. Can. Field-Nat. 104:362-371.
Lebreton, J.-D., and J. Clobert. 1991. Bird population dynamics, management, and conservation: The role of mathematical modelling. In: C.M. Perrins, J.-D. Lebreton and G.J.M. Hirons (eds.), Bird Population Studies: Relevance to Conservation and Management. Vol. Oxford University Press, Oxford, pp. 105-125.
Lebreton, J.D., K.P. Burnham, J. Clobert, and D.R. Anderson. 1992. Modeling survival and testing biological hypotheses using marked animals: a unified approach with case studies. Ecol. Monogr. 62:67-118.
Lechowicz, M.J. 1982. The sampling characteristics of electivity indicies. Oceanus. 52:22-30.
Leder, E.H. 1994. Reproductive biology of female Dungeness crabs in Glacier Bay, Alaska: the effects of the size and abundance of males. Master of Science, Unversity of Alaska Fairbanks, Juneau. 117 pp.
Leder, E.H., T.C. Shirley, and C.E. O'Clair. 1995. Male size and female reproduction in Dungeness crab in Glacier Bay, Alaska. U.S. National Park Service. Glacier Bay National Park & Preserve, AK. 1993.
Lee, D. 1985. Distribution of bear sightings in the Muir Point, Garforth Island and Sandy Cove areas. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Lee, D. 1985. Beach habitat utilization by black bears in South Sandy Cove, Glacier Bay, Alaska. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Lee, K.N. 1993. Compass and Gyroscope. Island Press, Washington, D.C. 243 pp.
Leer, J. Tlingit tribe, clan, and house group names.
Lefebvre, L., and J.F. Brˆthes. 1990. Food of early benthic stages of snow crab (Chionoecetes opilio) in the southwestern Gulf of St. Lawrence. Anchorage, Alaska.
Legendre, L., and C.M. Yentsch. 1989. Overview of flow cytometry and image analysis in biological oceanography and limnology. Cytometry. 10:501 - 510.
Lehman, C. Life history and biology of the Dungeness crab. Alaska Department of Fish and Game. Petersburg, Alaska.
Lehman, C., and O. Osborn. 1970. Dungeness crab research. Alaska Department of Fish and Game. Juneal Alaska.
Lehman, N. 1993. Comparative levels of genetic variability in harbour seals and northern elephant seals as determined by genetic fingerprinting. Symp. zool. Soc. Lond. 66:49-60.
Leibold, M.A. 1995. The niche concept revisited: Mechanistic models and community context. Ecology (Washington D C). 76:1371-1382.
Leighton, F.A., J.M. Gerrard, P. Gerrard, D.W.A. Whitfield, and W.J. Maher. 1979. An aerial census of bald eagles in Saskatchewan. Journal of Wildlife Management. 43:61-69.
LeMessurier, B. 1994. A Guernseyman in Alaska. Rev. of the Guernsey Society. 49:74-77.
Lentfer, H., and A. Maier. 1989. Survey of the 1989 breeding bald eagle population in the Beardslee Islands in Glacier Bay, Alaska. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Lentfer, H., and A. Maier. 1989. Wildlife and vessel observations in the Beardslee Islands in the early summer. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve. Gustavus, AK.
Lentfer, H., and A. Maier. 1989. Distribution and biology of nesting black oystercatchers (Haemetopus bachmani Audubon) in the Beardslee Islands in Glacier Bay, Alaska. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Lentfer, H. 1991. 1991 Seclusion system salmon survey. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Lentfer, H., J. Rettew, L. Climo, G. Streveler, J. Brakel, and L. Sharman. 1991. Falls Creek biological survey. U.S. National Park Service.
Lentfer, H., and L. Sharman. 1991. 1991 Bartlett River salmon survey. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Lentfer, H. 1992. Census of breeding population and productivity of selected black-legged kittiwake colonies in Glacier Bay National Park & Preserve, Alaska. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Lentfer, H.P., and A.J. Maier. 1995. Breeding ecology of the black oystercatcher in the Beardslee Island region of Glacier Bay National Park. U.S. National Park Service. Glacier Bay National Park & Preserve, AK. 1993.
Lentfer, H.W., and G.P. Streveler. 1999. Mammals of the Falls Creek area: May - September, 1999. Icy Strait Environmental Services. Gustavus, Alaska.
Lentfer, H.W., and G.P. Streveler. 1999. Birds of the Falls Creek area with special reference to marbled murrelets, raptors and riparian species. Icy Strait Environmental Services. Gustavus, Alaska.
Lenz, M. 1968. Kittiwake (Rissa tridactyla) in Berlin, Germany. Ornis Scand. 20:
Leo.
Leonard, G.H. 1998. Flow-driven variation in intertidal community structure in a maine estuary. Ecology. 1395-1411.
Lesage, V., M.O. Hammill, and K.M. Kovacs. 1998. Functional classification of harbor seal (Phoca vitulina) dives using depth profiles, swimming velocity, and an index of foraging success. Can. J. Zool. 77:74-87.
Letarte, J., and R. Stottlemyer. 1984. Baseline streamwater chemistry for watersheds of Glacier Bay National Park, Alaska. Michigan Technical University, Department of Biological Science, Houghton.
Levenson, C. 1978. Distribution of humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) in the Caribbean determined by a rapid acoustic method. Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada. 35:
Levings, A., B.D. Mitchell, T. Heeren, C. Austin, and J. Matheson. 1996. Fisheries biology of the giant crab (Pseudocarcinus gigas, Brachyura, Aziidae) in southern Australia. Alaska Sea Grant College Program. Anchorage, AK. 96-02.
Levins, R. 1968. Evolution in changing environments: some theoretical explorations. Princeton University Press, Princeton. pp.
Levitan, D.R., and M.A. Sewell. 1998. Fertilization success in free-spawning marine invertebrates: Review of the evidence and fisheries implications. In: G. Jamieson and A. Campbell (eds.), Proceedings of the North Pacific Symposium on Invertebrate Stock Assessment and Management. Vol. 125. Canadian Special Publication of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, pp. 159-164.
Levy, D.A. 1990. Reciprocal diel vertical migration behavior in planktivores and zooplankton in British Columbia lakes. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 47:1755-1764.
Levy, D.A., R.L. Johnson, and J.M. Hume. 1990. Shifts in fish verticle distribution in response to an internal seiche in a stratified lake. Limnology and Oceanography.
Levy, D.A. 1990. Sensory mechanism and selective advantage for diel vertical migration in juvenile sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka). Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 47:1796-1802.
Levy, D.A. 1991. Acoustic analysis of diel vertical migration behavior of Mysis relicta and kokanee (Oncorhynchus nerka) within Okanagan Lake, British Columbia. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 48:67-72.
Lewin, R. 1987. Life thrives under breaking waves. Scientific Reports Whales Research Institute, Tokyo. 235:1465-1466.
Lewis, B. 1983. Bioacoustics, a comparative approach. Academic Press, London. 493 pp.
Lewis, J.P. 1987. An evaluation of a census-related disturbance of Steller Sea Lions. M.S. Thesis, University of Alaska, Fairbanks, pp.
Lewis, D., G.B. Kaweche, and A. Mwenya. 1990. Wildlife conservation outside protected areas - lessons from an experiment in Zambia. Cons. Biology. 4:171-180.
Lewis, M.A. 1993. Modelling territoriality and wolf-deer interactions. Nature. 336:738-740.
Lewis, M., and C.M. Mobley. 1994. Culturally modified trees at Bartlett Cove, Glacier Bay National Park, Alaska. U.S. National Park Service, Alaska Region.
Lewis, J.P. 1995. Investigations of harbor seals in Alaska. Alaska Department of Fish and Game. Anchorage.
Lewis, D.M. 1995. Importance of GIS to community-based management of wildlife: Lessons from Zambia. Ecol. Appl. 5:861-871.
Lewis, J.P., G.W. Pendleton, K.W. Pitcher, and K.M. Wynne. 1996. Harbor seal population trends in southeast Alaska and the Gulf of Alaska. Alaska Department of Fish and Game. Douglas, AK.
Lewis, C., N. Lester, A. Bradshaw, J. Fitzgibbon, K. Fuller, L. Hakanson, and C. Richards. 1996. Considerations of scale in habitat conservation and restoration. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 53:440-445.
Lewis, T.M., and E.A. Mathews. 2000. Effects of human visitors on the behavior of harbor seals (Phoca vitulina richardsi) at McBride Glacier fjord, Glacier Bay National Park. Glacier Bay National Park, Resource Management Division. Gustavus, Alaska.
Lewonton, R.C., and J. Felsenstein. 1965. The robustness of homogeneity tests in 2 x n tables. Biometrics. 21:19-33.
Liem, K.F. 1990. Aquatic versus terrestrial feeding modes - possible impacts on the trophic ecology of vertebrates. Amer. Zool. 30:209-221.
Lien, J., and S. Katona. 1990. A Guide to the photographic identification of individual whales based on their natural and acquired markings. American Cetacean Society, San Pedro, CA. 77 pp.
Lien, J., D.G. Taylor, and D. Borggaard. 1995. Management of underwater explosions in areas of high whale abundance. The Society of Naval Architeccts of Japan. 2.
Light, R.W., P.H. Adler, and D.E. Arnold. 1983. Evaluation for gastric lavage for stomach analysis. North American Journal of Fisheries Management. 3:81-85.
Lilleskov, E. 1990. Vegetation patterns on six newly emerging islets in Glacier Bay, Alaska: observations and speculations. University of Vermont, Department of Botany.
Lilly, G.R., D.G. Parsons, and P.J. Veitch. 1998. Spatial structure of northern shrimp (Pandalus borealis) off Labrador and eastern Newfoundland (northwest Atlantic). In: G. Jamieson and A. Campbell (eds.), Proceedings of the North Pacific symposium on invertebrate stock assessment and management. Vol. 125. Canadian Special Publication of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, pp. 265-271.
Lima, S.L., and L.M. Dill. 1990. Behavioral decisions made under the risk of predation: a review and prospectus. Can. J. Zool. 68:619-640.
Lima, S.L., and T.J. Valone. 1991. Predators and avian community organization: an experiment in a semi-desert grassland. Oceanus. 86:105-112.
Lima, S.L. 1992. Strong preferences for apparently dangerous habitats? A consequence of differential escape from predators. Oikos. 64:597-600.
Lima, S.L. 1993. Ecological and evolutionary perspectives on escape from predatory attack: A survey of North American birds. Wilson Bulletin. 105:1-47.
Lin, J. 1991. Predator-prey interactions between blue crabs and ribbed mussels living in clumps. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science. 32:61-69.
Lindberg, D.R., K.I. Warheit, and J.A. Estes. 1987. Prey preference and seasonal predation by oystercatchers on limpets at San Nicolas Isand, California, USA. Marine Ecology. 39:105-113.
Lindberg, D.R., and J.A. Estes. Undated. Intertidal community structure in central and southern California: the interaction between human disturbance, bird predation, and limpet territoriality.
Lindell, J. 1995. None. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Juneau.
Lindroth, A. 1962. Baltic salmon fluctuations 2: porpoise and salmon. Rep. Inst. Freshwater Res. Drottingham. 44:105-112.
Lindsay, J.F. 1966. Observations on the level of self-draining lake on the Casement Glacier, Alaska. Journal of Glaciology. 6:453-455.
Lindzen, R.S. 1990. Some remarks on global warming. Environmental Science Technology. 24:424-427.
Lindzey, F.G., and E.C. Meslow. 1977. Population characteristics of black bears on an island in Washington. Journal of Wildlife Management. 41:408-412.
Lindzey, F.G., and C.E. Meslow. 1977. Home range and habitat use by black bears in Southwestern Washington. Journal of Wildlife Management. 41:413-425.
Link, W.A. 1994. Within-site variability in surveys of wildlife populations. Ecology. 1097-1108.
Link, W.A., and J.R. Sauer. 1996. Extremes in ecology: Avoiding the misleading effects of sampling variation in summary analyses. Ecology (Washington D C). 77:1633-1640.
Link, W.A., and J.R. Sauer. 1997. Estimation of population trajectories from count data. Biometrics. 53:488-497.
Link, W.A., and J.R. Sauer. 1998. Estimating popualtion change from count data: application to the North American breeding bird survey. Ecol. Appl. 8:258-268.
Linnane, A., and J.P. Mercer. 1998. A comparison of methods for tagging juvenile lobsters (Homarus gammarus L.) reared for stock enhancement. Aquaculture. 163:195-202.
Lipkin, R. 1990. Candidate sensitive plant taxa of Chugach and Tongass National Forests. Nature Conservancy, Anchorage, AK.
Lipps, O.H. The indian tribes of Southeast Alaska, Tlingit, Tsimpshian, Haida; a report on their location, village organization and their social and economic conditions. Office of indian affairs.
Lisle, T.E. 1986. Effects of woody debris on anadromous salmonid habitat, Prince of Wales Island, southeast Alaska. North American Journal of Fisheries Management. 6:538-550.
Lisowski, M., J.C. Savage, and R.O. Burford. 1987. Strain accumulation across the Fairweather and Totschunda faults, Alaska. Journal of Geophysical Research. 92:11552-11560.
Lissner, A.L. 1983. Relationship of water motion to the shallow water distribution and morphology of two species of sea urchins. J. Mar. Biol. Assoc. (UK). 41:691-709.
Litke, F. 1987. A voyage around the world, 1826-1829. In: R.A. Pierce (ed.), To Russian America and Siberia. Vol. I. The Limestone Press, Kingston, pp. 121-124.
Little, D.E. 1995. Discover America: the Smithsonian book of the national parks. Smithsonian Books, Wash. D.C. 224 pp.
Litzow, M.A., J.F. Piatt, and J.D. Figurski. 1998. Hermit crabs in the diet of pigeon guillemots at Kachemak Bay, Alaska. Colonial Waterbirds. 21:242-244.
Lively, C.M., P.T. Raimondi, and L.F. Delph. 1993. Intertidal community structure: space-time interactions in the Northern Gulf of California. Ecology. 74:162-173.
Ljundblad, D.K., B. Wursig, S.L. Swartz, and J.M. Keene. 1988. Observations on the behavioral responses of bowhead whales (Balaena mysticetus) to active geophysical vessels in the Alaskan Beaufort Sea. Arctic. 41:183-194.
Ljungblad, D.K., B. Würsig, S.L. Swartz, and J.M. Keene. 1985. Observations on the behavior of Bowhead Whales (Balaena mysticetus) in the presence of operating seismic exploration vessels in the Alaskan Beaufort Sea. U.S. Minerals Management Service, Alaska OCS Office.
Ljungblad, D.K., B. Wursig, S.L. Swartz, and J.M. Keene. 1988. Observations on the behavioral responses of bowhead whales (Balaena mysticetus) to active geophysical vessels in the Alaskan Beaufort Sea. Arctic. 41(3):183-194.
Lloyd, C.S. 1973. Attendance at auk colonies during the breeding season. Skokholm Bird Observatory Report. 1972:15-23.
Lloyd, C.S. 1975. Timing and frequency of census counts of cliff nesting auks. British Birds. 68:507-513.
Lloyd, C.S. 1976. The breeding biology and survival of the Razorbill Alca torda. D.Phil. Thesis, Oxford University, Oxford, England. pp.
Lloyd, D.S. 1985. Breeding performance of kittiwakes and murres in relation to oceanographic and meteorologic conditions across the shelf of the southeastern Bering Sea. M.S. Thesis, University of Alaska, Fairbanks, AK, Fairbanks, AK. 106 pp.
Lloyd, D.S., J.P. Koenings, and J.D. LaPerriere. 1987. Effects of turbidity in fresh waters of Alaska. North American Journal of Fisheries Management. 7:18-33.
Lloyd, D.S., and S.K. Davis. 1988. Biological information required for improved managemant of Walleye Pollock off Alaska. University of Alaska. Anchorage, Alaska.
Lloyd, C.S., M.L. Tasker, and K.E. Partridge. 1991. The status of seabirds in Britain and Ireland. T. & A.D. Poyser, London, Great Britain, London, Great Britain. pp.
Loch, J.S., M. Moriyasu, and J.B. Jones. 1995. An improved link between industry, management and science: review of case history of the southwestern gulf of st. lawrence snow crab fishery. Aquatic Living Resources. 8:253-265.
Lock, A.R. 1988. Recent increases in the breeding population of Ring-billed Gulls, Larus delawarensis, in Atlantic Canada. Can. Field-Nat. 102:1988.
Lockie, J.D. 1952. The food of Great Skuas on Hermaness, Unst, Shetland. Scottish Naturalist. 64:158-162.
Lockyer, C. 1979. Response of orcas to tagging. Carnivore. 2:19-21.
Lockyer, C. 1986. Body fat condition in northeast Atlantic fin whales, (Balaenoptera physalus),and its relationship with reproduction and food resource. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 43:142-147.
Loder, T.C., and D.W. Hood. 1972. Distribution of organic carbon in a glacial estuary in Alaska. Limnology and Oceanography. 17:349-355.
Loder III, T.C. 1971. Distribution of dissolved and particulate organic carbon in Alaskan polar, sub-polar and estuarine waters. Ph.D. Dissertation, Institute of Marine Science, University of Alaska, College, Alaska. pp.
Loeb, V., V. Siegal, O. Holm-Hansen, R. Hewitt, W. Fraser, W. Trivelpiece, and S. Trivelpiece. 1997. Effects of sea-ice extent and krill or salp dominance on the Antarctic food web. Nature. 387:897-900.
Loewe, F. 1966. Climate. In: A. Mirsky (ed.), Soil development and ecological succession in a deglaciated area of Muir Inlet, southeast Alaska. Vol. Report No. 20. Ohio State University, Institute of Polar Studies, Columbus, pp. 19-28.
Loewe, F. 1971. Considerations on the origin of the Quaternary ice sheet of North America. Arctic and Alpine Research. 3:331-334.
Lohse, D.P. 1993. The importance of secondary substratum in a rocky intertidal community. J Exp Mar Biol Ecol. 166:1-17.
Loney, R.A., D.A. Brew, and M.A. Lanphere. 1967. Post-Paleozoic radiometric ages and their relevance to fault movements, northern southeastern Alaska. Geological Society of America Bulletin. 78:511-526.
Loney, R.A., and G.R. Himmelberg. 1983. Structure and petrololgy of the La Perouse gabbro intrusion, Fairweather Range, southeastern Alaska. J. Parasitol. 24:377-423.
Long, L.L., and C.J. Ralph. 1998. Regulation and observations of human disturbance near nesting marbled murrelets. U.S.D.A. Forest Service.
Longerich, L.L., M. Billington, V. Alexander, J.J. Kelley, and D.W. Hood. 1971. Carbon dioxide and primary productivity in the glacial fjord system of southeast Alaska. University of Alaska, Institute of Marine Science, Fairbanks.
Longhurst, W.M., and W.L. Robinette. 1981. Effects of clearcutting and timber management on Sitka black-tailed deer. U.S. Forest Service, Forestry Sciences Laboratory, Juneau.
Lopez, J.C., and D. Lopez. 1985. Killer whales (Orcinus orca) of Patagonia, and their behavior of intentional stranding while hunting near shore. Journal of Mammology. 66:181-183.
Lorant, R. NASA will track fish from space. Juneau, Alaska.
Lorenz, J., Mitchel, and e. al. 1991. Distribution and abundance of juvenile salmon in two main channel habitats of the Taku River, Alaska and British Columbia. U.S. National Marine Fisheries Service, Auke Bay Laboratory.
Lorenzen, C.J. 1966. A method for the continuous measurement of in vivo chlorophyll concentration. Deep Sea Res. 13:223-227.
Lough, R.G. 1976. Larval dynamics of the Dungeness crab, Cancer magister, off the central Oregon coast, 1970-71. Fish. Bull. 74(2):353-375.
Loughlin, T.R. 1980. Home range and territoriality of sea otters near Monterey, California. J. Wildl. Manage. 44:576-582.
Loughlin, T.R., J.A. Ames, and J.E. Vandevere. 1981. Annual reproduction, dependency period, and apparent gestation period in two California sea otters, Enhydra lutris. 79:347-349.
Loughlin, T.R., L. Consiglieri, R.L. DeLong, and A.T. Actor. 1983. Incidental catch of marine mammals by foreign fishing vessels, 1978-81. 45:44-49.
Loughlin, T.R., D.J. Rugh, and C.H. Ficus. 1984. Northern sea lion distribution and abundance: 1956-80. Journal of Wildlife Management. 48:729-740.
Loughlin, M. 1985. Observation of molting Canada geese in Adams Inlet. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Loughlin, T.R., P.J. Gearin, R.L. DeLong, and R.L. Merrick. 1986. Assessment of net entanglement on Northern Sea Lions in the Aleutian Islands, 25 June-15 July 1985. NWAFC.
Loughlin, T.R., and R. Nelson Jr. 1986. Incidental mortality of northern sea lions in Shelikof Strait, Alaska. Mar. Mamm. Sci. 2:14-33.
Loughlin, T.R., M.A. Perez, and R.L. Merrick. 1987. Eumetopius jubatus. Mam. Rev. 283:1-7.
Loughlin, T.R., J.L. Bengtson, and R.L. Merrick. 1987. Characteristics of feeding trips of female northern fur seals. Can. J. Zool. 65:2079-2084.
Loughlin, T.R., and R.L. Merrick. 1988. Comparison of commercial harvest of walleye pollock and northern sea lion abundance in the Bering Sea and Gulf of Alaska. University of Alaska. Anchorage, Alaska.
Loughlin, T.R., and R.V. Miller. 1989. Growth of the northern fur seal colony on Bogoslof Island, Alaska. 42:368-372.
Loughlin, T. 1991. Harbor seals in Alaska, 1991-1993 Study Plan.
Loughlin, T.R., A.S. Perlov, and V.A. Vladimirov. 1992. Range-wide survey and estimation of total number of steller sea lions in 1989. Marine Mammal Science. 8:220-239.
Loughlin, T.R. 1992. Abundance and distribution of harbor seals (Phoca vitulina richardsi) in Bristol Bay, Prince William Sound, and Copper River Delta during 1991. U.S. National Marine Fisheries Service, National Marine Mammal Laboratory.
Loughlin, T.R. 1992. Abundance and distribution of harbor seals (Phoca vitulina richardsi) in the Gulf of Alaska and Prince William Sound in 1992. U.S. National Marine Fisheries Service, National Marine Mammal Laboratory.
Loughlin, T.R. 1994. Abundance and distribution of harbor seals (Phoca vitulina richardsi) in Southeastern Alaska during 1993. U.S. National Marine Fisheries Service, National Marine Mammal Laboratory.
Loughlin, T.R. 1994. Using the phylogeographic method to identify Steller sea lion stocks. NMFS, NMML. La Jolla, CA.
Loughlin, T.R. 1997. Using the phylogeographic method to identify Steller sea lion stocks. Society for Marine Mammalogy. 3.
Loughlin, T. Undated. Harbor Porpoise in Alaska. National Marine Fisheries Service.
Love, R.H. 1977. Target strength of an individual fish at any aspect. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America. 62:1397-1403.
Love, M.S., and W. W.V. 1981. A correlation between annual catches of Dungeness crab (Cancer magister), along the west coast of North America and mean annual sunspot number. Fish. Bull. 79:794-796.
Love, D., R. Thomas, and A. Moles. 1996. Bitter crab hemolymph studies: indicators of host physiological condition. Alaska Sea Grant College Program. Anchorage, AK. 96-02.
Lovrich, G.A., B. Saite-Marie, and B.D. Smith. 1995. Depth distribution and seasonal movements of Chionoecetes opilio (Brachyura: Majidae) in Baie Sainte-Marguerite, Gulf of St Lawrence. Can. J. Zool. 73:1712-1726.
Lovrich, G.A., and J.H. Vinuesa. 1996. Reproductive strategies of two lithodids in the Beagle Channel, Argentina: A complementary management tool in a changing fishery. Alaska Sea Grant College Program. Anchorage, AK. 96-02.
Lovrich. 1997. Cannibalism in the snow crab, Chionoecetes opilio (O. Fabricius) (Brachyura: Majidae), and its potential importance to recruitment. Journal of Crustacean Biology. 211:225-245.
Low, L.L., G.K. Tanonaka, and H.H. Shippen. 1976. Sablefish of the Northeastern Pacific Ocean and Bering Sea. Northwest Fisheries Center.
Low, J. 1977. George Thorton Emmons. The Alaska Journal. 7:2-11.
Lowe, S.A., and G.G. Thompson. 1993. Accounting for uncertainty in the developement of exploitation strategies for the Atka Mackerel resource of the Aleutian Islands. Alaska Sea Grant College Program. University of Alaska Fairbanks. 93-02.
Lowry, L.F., Y.A. Bukhtiyarov, and K.J. Frost. New information on foods of the spotted seal (Phoca largha), in the Bering Sea in spring. Pices Press. 1:55-59.
Lowry, L.F., K.J. Frost, and J.J. Burns. 1978. Food of ringed seals and bowhead whales near Point Barrow, Alaska. The Canadian Field-Naturalist. 92:67-70.
Lowry, L.F., F. K.J., and J.J. Burns. 1979. Potential resource competition in the southeastern Bering Sea: fisheries and phocid seals. Sea Grant. 79-6.
Lowry, L.F., K.J. Frost, and J.J. Burns. 1980. Variability in the diet of ringed seals (Phoca hispida) in Alaska. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 37:2254-2261.
Lowry, L.F., K.J. Frost, and J.J. Burns. 1980. Feeding of bearded seals in the Bering and Chukchi seas and trophic interaction with Pacific walruses. Arctic. 33:330-342.
Lowry, L.F., and K.J. Frost. 1980. Feeding of ribbon seals (Phoca fasciata) in the Bering Sea in spring. Can. J. Zool. 58:1601-1607.
Lowry, L.F., and K.J. Frost. 1981. Feeding and trophic relationships of phocid seals and walruses in the eastern Bering Sea. The Eastern Bering Sea Shelf: Oceanography and Resources. 2:813-824.
Lowry, L.F., and K.J. Frost. 1981. Trophic importance of some marine gadids in northern Alaska and other body-otolith size relationships. Fish. Bull. 79:187-192.
Lowry, L.F. 1982. Documentation and assessment of marine mammal-fishery interactions in the Bering Sea.
Lowry, L.F. 1983. A conceptual assessment of biological interactions among marine mammals and commercial fisheries in the Bering Sea. Alaska Sea Grant.
Lowry, L.F., and F.H. Fay. 1984. Seal eating by walruses in the Bering & Chukchi Seas. Polar Biology. 3:11-18.
Lowry, L.F., J.W. Testa, and W. Calvert. 1988. Notes on winter feeding of crabeater and leopard seals near the Antarctic Peninsula. Polar Biology. 8:475-478.
Lowry, L.F., K.J. Frost, and T.R. Loughlin. 1988. Importance of walleye pollock in the diets of marine mammals in the Gulf of Alaska and Bering Seaa, and implications for fishery management. University of Alaska. Anchorage, Alaska.
Lowry, L.F. 1990. Alaska's seals and sea lions: where are they going? Alaska's Wildlife. Sept.-Oct.:14-21.
Lowry, M.S., B.S. Stewart, C.B. Heath, P.K. Yochem, and J.M. Francis. 1991. Seasonal and annual variability in the diet of California Sea Lions (Zalophus californianus) at San Nicolas Island, California, 1981-86. Fish. Bull. 89:331-336.
Lowry, L.F. 1996. Aerial surveys of harbor seals along the south side of the Alaska Peninsula, the Semidi Islands, and Chirikof Island, August 1995. Alaska Department of Fish & Game.
Lubchenco, J. Developing the theory of marine reserves.
Lucas, R.E. 1985. Recovery of game fish populations impacted by the May 18, 1980 eruption of Mount St. Helens: winter-run steelhead in the Toutle River watershed. In: S.A.C. Keller (ed.), Mount St. Helens: Five Years Later. Vol. Eastern Washington University Press, pp. 276-292.
Ludescher, C.M. 1995. Perceived meanings of 'ecologically sustainable developement' within the CRC Reef Research Centre. CRC Reef Research Centre. Queensland.
Ludwig, J.A., and J.F. Reynolds. 1988. Statistical ecology: a primer on methods and computing. Wiley, New York. 337 pp.
Ludwig, D., R. Hilborn, and C. Walters. 1993. Uncertainty, resource exploitation, and conservation: lessons from history. Scientific Reports Whales Research Institute, Tokyo. 260:17-36.
Ludwig, D. 1999. Is it meaningful to estimate a probability of extinction? Ecology. 80:298-310.
Lund, W.A., and R.C. Lockwood. 1970. Sonic tag for large decapod crustaceans. Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada. 27:1147-1151.
Lundberg, P., and N. Jonzen. 1999. Spatial population dynamics and the design of marine reserves. Ecology Letters. 2:129-134.
Lundvall, D., R. Svanback, L. Persson, and P. Bystrom. 1996. Size-dependent predation in piscivores: interactions between predator foraging and prey avoidance abilities. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 56:1285-1292.
Lustick, S.I., B. Battersby, and M. Kelty. 1978. Behavioral thermoregulation: orientation toward the sun in Herring Gulls. Scientific Reports Whales Research Institute, Tokyo. 200:81-83.
Lydersen, C., J.M. Weslawski, and N.A. Oritsland. 1991. Stomach content analysis of minke whales Balaenoptera acutorostrata from the Lofoten and Vesteralen areas, Norway. Polar Arctic Ecology. 14:219-222.
Lyke, M.L. 1999. Toxin threatens a wonder of the northwest. Washington, D.C.
Lynch, B., and J. Edgington. 1986. Stikine River studies: adult salmon tagging, population investigations, and side scan sonar operations, 1983. Alaska Department of Fish and Game.
Lynch, R., S. Matulich, and R. Mittelhammer. 1996. Impact of uncertainty on ITQ management of the Bristol Bay red king crab fishery. Alaska Sea Grant College Program. Anchorage, AK. 96-02.
Lynn, S.K. 1995. Movements, site fidelity, and surfacing patterns of bottlenose dolphins on the central texas coast. Master of Science, Texas A & M University, 92 pp.
MacArthur, R.A., V. Geist, and R.H. Johnston. 1982. Cardiac and behavioral responses of mountain sheep to human disturbance. Journal of Wildlife Management. 46:351-358.
Macaulay, M.C., T.S. English, and O.A. Mathisen. 1984. Acoustic characterization of swarms of Antarctic krill from Elephant Island and Bransfield Strait. Journal of Crustacean Biology. 4:16-44.
Maccarone, A.D. 1992. Predation by Common Ravens on cliff-nesting Black-legged Kittiwakes on Baccalieu Island, Newfoundland. Colonial Waterbirds. 15:253-256.
MacDonald, D.W., F.G. Ball, and N.G. Hough. 1980. The evaluation of home range size and configuration using radio tracking data. In: C.J. Amlaner and D.W. MacDonald (eds.), A Handbook on Biotelemetry and Radio Tracking. Vol. Permagon Press, Oxford, England, pp. 405-424.
Macdonald, A.D., and I.G. Priede (eds). 1983. Experimental biology at sea. Academic Press, Inc, London.
MacDonald, S.O., and J.A. Cook. 1993. The small mammals of southeast Alaska: an update. University of Alaska.
MacDonald, S.O., and J.A. Cook. 1993. The small mammals of southeast Alaska. University of Alaska Museum. Fairbanks.
MacDonald, S.O., and J.A. Cook. 1994. The mammals of Southeast Alaska: a distribution and taxonomic update. University of Alaska Museum.
Mace, R. 1991. Overgrazing overstated. 349.
MacIntosh, R.A., B.G. Stevens, J.A. Haaga, and B.A. Johnson. 1996. Effects of handling and discarding on mortality of Tanner crabs (Chionoecetes bairdi). Alaska Sea Grant College Program. Anchorage, AK. 96-02.
MacKay, D.C.G., and F.W. Weymouth. 1935. The growth of the Pacific edible crab, Cancer magister Dana. Journal of the Biological Board of Canada. 1(3):191-212.
MacKay, D.C.G. 1942. The Pacific edible crab, cancer magister. Bull. Fish. Res. Bd. Can. 1-32.
MacKay, D.G. 1943. Temperature and the world distribution of crabs of the genus Cancer. Ecology. 24:113-115.
Mackay, S. 1988. Risk recreation in wilderness areas: problems and alternatives.
MacKevett, E.M., B. D.A., C. H.R., and S. J.G. 1966. Preliminary evaluation of the mineral potential of Glacier Bay National Monument, Alaska. U.S. Geological Survey.
MacKevett, E.M., and G. Plafker. 1969. Analyses of geochemical samples from the Yakutat and Mt. St. Elias quadrangles, Alaska. U.S. Geological Survey.
MacKevett, E.M., D.A. Brew, C.C. Hawley, L.C. Huff, and J.G. Smith. 1971. Mineral resources of Glacier Bay National Monument, Alaska. U.S. Geological Survey.
MacKevett, E.M., and G. Plafker. 1974. Border Ranges fault in south-central Alaska. U.S. Geological Survey Journal of Research. 2:323-329.
MacKevett, E.M., et al. 1985. Mineral resources of Glacier Bay National Monument, Alaska. United States Geological Survey. Washington, D.C.
Mackie, G.O. 1988. Giant acons and control of jetting in the squid (Loligo) and the jellyfish (Aglantha). Can. J. Zool. 68:4-90.
Mackiewicz, N.E., and R.D. Powell. 1982. Laminated ice-proximal glacimarine sediments. Ontario, Canada.
Mackiewicz, N.E. 1983. Laminated ice-proximal glacimarine sediments, Glacier Bay, Alaska. M.S. Thesis (Geology), Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, pp.
Mackiewicz, N.E., R.D. Powell, P.R. Carlson, and B.F. Molnia. 1984. Interlaminated ice-proximal glacimarine sediments in Muir Inlet, Alaska. Marine Geology. 57:113-147.
Mackinson, S. 1992. Habitat classification for predicting salmonid carrying capacity of streams in Glacier Bay National Park, Alaska. M.S. Thesis, University of London, pp.
Mackintosh, N.A. 1949. Whales in the pacific sector of the southern ocean.
Mackovjak, J.R. 1988. Hope and hard work, the early settlers at Gustavus Alaska. Goose Cove Press, Gustavus, AK. 85 pp.
MacLean, J.A., and E. D.O. 1981. The stock concept, discreteness of fish stocks, and fisheries management. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 38:1889-1898.
MacPherson, E., and C.M. Duarte. 1991. Bathymetric trends in demersal fish size: is there a general relationship? Marine Ecol. Prog. Rep. 71:103-112.
Maddox, J. 1990. Tectoclimatology comes of age. Nature. 343:507.
Maddox, J. 1990. Towards electronic journal? Nature. 344:287.
Magnuson, J.J. 1991. Fish and fisheries ecology. Ecol. Appl. 1:13-26.
Magnusson, K.G., and T. Kasuya. 1997. Mating strategies in whale populations: Searching strategy vs. harem strategy. Ecol. Modell. 102:225-242.
Maguire, L.A. 1991. Risk analysis for conservation biologists. Cons. Biology. 5:123-125.
Magurran, A.E. 1990. The adaptive significance of schooling as an anti-predator defence in fish. Ann. Zool. Fennici. 51-66.
Mahr, M.H. 1993. Behavioral observations of nesting bald eagles in Glacier Bay National Park & Preserve: what are the eagles up to. Field Naturalist Program, University of Vermont.
Maidon, L.P. 1990. Aspects of jet propulsion in salps. Can. J. Zool. 68:765-777.
Maier, H., and E. Vorisek. 1995. Wildlife Management, Denali National Park and Preserve, 1995 report: Bear-human conflict management. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Maisonneuve, C., P. Brousseau, and D. Lehoux. 1990. Critical fall staging sites for shorebirds migrating through the St. Lawrence system, Quebec. Can. Field-Nat. 104:372-378.
Major, P.F., and L.M. Dill. 1978. The three-dimensional structure of airborne bird flocks. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology. 4:111-122.
Mallonee, J.S. 1989. Behaviour of gray whales (Eschrichtius robustus) summering off the northern California coast, from Patrick's Point to Crescent City. Can. J. Zool. 69:681-690.
Malme, C.I., P.R. Miles, and P.T. McElroy. 1981. The acoustic environment of humpback whales in Glacier Bay and Frederick Sound, Alaska. San Diego, CA.
Malme, C.I., P.R. Miles, and P.T. McElroy. 1982. The acoustic environment of humpback whales in Glacier Bay and Frederick Sound/Stephens Passage, Alaska. U.S. National Marine Fisheries Service, National Marine Mammal Laboratory, Seattle, Washington.
Malme, C.I., and P.R. Miles. 1983. Acoustic testing procedures for determining the potential impact of underwater industrial noise on migrating gray whales.
Malme, C.I., P.R. Miles, P. Tyack, C.W. Clark, and J.E. Bird. 1985. Investigation of the potential effects of underwater noise from petroleum industry activities on feeding humpback whale behavior. U.S. Department of the Interior, Minerals Management Service, Alaska OCS Office.
Malme, C.I., B. Wursig, J.E. Bird, and P. Tyack. 1987. Observations of feeding gray whale responses to controlled industrial noise exposure. The Geophysical Institute. Fairbanks, Alaska. 2.
Malme, C.I., P.R. Miles, G.W. Miller, W.J. Richardson, D.G. Roseneau, D.H. Thomson, and C.R. Greene Jr. 1989. Analysis and ranking of the acoustic disturbance potential of petroleum industry activities and other sources of noise in the environment of marine mammals in Alaska. U.S. Department of the Interior, Minerals Management Service, Alaska OCS Office.
Maloney, N.E., and J. Heifetz. 1997. Movements of tagged sablefish, Anoplopoma fimbria, released in the eastern Gulf of Alaska. NOAA Technical Report NMFS. 115-121.
mammalogists, A.s.o. 1957. Vernacular names for North American mammals north of Mexico. Museum of Natural History miscellaneous publication. 1-16.
Manci, K.M., and e. al. 1988. Effects of aircraft noise and sonic booms on domestic animals and wildlife: a literature synthesis. U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service, National Ecology Research Center, Ft. Collins, CO.
Mangel, M. 1994. Four facts every conservation biologist should know about persistence. Ecological Society of America Bulletin. 75:607-614.
Mangel, M. 1998. No-take areas for sustainability of harvested species and a conservation invariant for marine reserves. Ecology Letters. 1:87-90.
Maniscalco, J.M. 1997. Seabirds at feeding flocks in Prince William Sound, Alaska. M.S. Thesis, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Juneau. 1-79 pp.
Maniscalco, J.M., W.D. Ostrand, and K.O. Coyle. 1998. Selection of fish schools by flocking seabirds in Prince William Sound, Alaska. Colonial Waterbirds. 21:314-322.
Manly, B.F.J. 1995. A note on the analysis of species co-occurrences. Ecology (Washington D C). 76:1109-1115.
Mann, D.H., and T.D. Hamilton. Late Pleistocene and Holocene paleoenvironments of the North Pacific coast. Alaska Quaternary Center, University of Alaska Museum. Fairbanks, AK.
Mann, D.H., and R.T. Gara. 1980. Terrestrial arthropods. In: Streveler, G.P., I.A. Worley, and B.F. Molnia. Lituya Bay Environmental Survey, V. 1. U.S. National Park Service.
Mann, D.H. 1983. The Quaternary history of the Lituya glacial refugium, Alaska. Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Washington, Seattle, pp.
Mann, D.H., and F.C. Ugolini. 1985. Holocene glacial history of the Lituya District, southeast Alaska. Canadian Journal of Earth Science. 22:913-928.
Mann, D.H. 1986. Wisconsin and holocene glaciation of southeast Alaska. In: T.D. Hamilton, K.M. Reed and R.M. Thorson (eds.), Glaciation in Alaska, the geological record. Vol. Alaska Geological Society, Anchorage, pp. 237-265.
Mann, D.H. 1986. Reliability of fjord glacier fluctuations for paleoclimatic reconstructions. Quart. Rev. Biol. 25:10-24.
Mann, K.H., and J.R.N. Lazier. 1991. Dynamics of Marine Ecosystems: Biological-Physical Interactions in the Oceans. Blackwell Scientific Publications, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. 466 pp.
Mann, D.H., and D.M. Peteet. 1994. Extent and timing of the last glacial maximum in southwestern Alaska. Quart. Rev. Biol. 42:136-148.
Mann, D.A., Z. Lu, and A.N. Popper. 1997. A clupeid fish can detect ultrasound. 389.
Mann, D., and G.P. Streveler. 1999. Reconnaissance survey of soils and geology of the Falls Creek area. Icy Strait Environmental Services. Gustavus, Alaska.
Mantell, M. (ed). 1990. Managing national park system resources a handbook on legal duties, opportunities, and tools. The Conservation Foundation, Washington D.C.
Mapstone, B.D. 1995. Scalable decision rules for environmental impact studies: Effect size, type I, and type II errors. Ecol. Appl. 5:401-410.
Mapstone, B.D., R.A. Campbell, and A.D.M. Smith. 1996. Design of experimental investigations of the effects of line and spear fishing on the Great Barrier Reef. CRC Reef Research Centre. Townsville.
Maragos, J.E. 1994. Description of reefs and corals for the 1988 protected area survey of the northern Marshall Islands. National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution. Washington, D.C.
Marasco, R., and T. Laevastu. 1985. Possibilities and consequences of expansion of United States fisheries in the Gulf of Alaska and in the eastern Bering Sea. Resource Ecology and Fisheries Management Division.
Marcus, M.G., F.B. Chambers, and M.M. Miller. 1990. Glacier mapping and mass balance: Lemon Creek Glacier, Alaska. National Geographic Society, Washington, D.C.
Marcus, M.C. 1995. Recent trends in the Lemon Creek Glacier, Alaska. 16.
Margetts, A.R. 1969. Comparative and experimental fishing as methods for studying fish behaviour in the natural environment. FAO Fish Rep. 62:131-138.
Margolin, M. 1974. Hurray for the alder, scourge of the woods. Living Wilderness. 38:37-42.
Marincovich, L. 1980. Miocene mollusca of the Topsy Formation, Lituya District, Gulf of Alaska Tertiary Province, Alaska. U.S. Geological Survey.
Marine Mammal Commission. 1995. Reauthorization of the marine mammal protection act and related legislation (Chapter 2). Marine Mammal Commission. Washington, D.C.
Marine Mammal Commission. 1991. Annual Report of the Marine Mammal Commision: a report to Congress, 1990. Marine Mammal Commission.
Marine Mammal Commission. 1992. Annual Report to Congress, 1991. Marine Mammal Commission.
Marion, J., D. Cole, and R. Reynolds. 1985. Limits of acceptable change: a framework for assessing carrying capacity. Park Science. 6:9.
Markussen, N.H., M. Ryg, and N.A. Oritsland. 1989. Energy requirements for maintenance and growth of captive Harbour Seals (Phoca vitulina). Can. J. Zool. 68:423-426.
Markussen, N.H., and M. Ryg. 1991. Metabolic rate and body composition of harbour seals (Phoca vitulina), during starvation and refeeding. Can. J. Zool. 70:220-224.
Markussen, N.H., M. Ryg, and C. Lydersen. 1992. Food consumption of the NE Atlantic minke whale (Balaenoptera acutorostrata) population estimated with a simulation model. ICES J. Mar. Sci. 49:317-323.
Marliave, J.B., and M. Roth. 1995. Agarum kelp beds as nursery habitat of spot prawns, Pandalus platyceros Brandt, 1851 (Decapoda, Caridea). Crustaceana (Leiden). 68:27-37.
Marques, F., and G. Pohle. 1998. The use of structural reduction in phylogenetic reconstruction of decapods and a phylogenetic hypothesis for 15 genera of Majidae: testing previous larval hypotheses and assumptions. Invertebrate Reproduction and Development. 33:241-262.
Marquet, P.A., S.A. Navarrete, and J.C. Castilla. 1990. Scaling population density to body size in rock intertidal communties. Scientific Reports Whales Research Institute, Tokyo. 250:1125-1127.
Marriott, R.A., and E. Swanson. 1980. Fish survey. In: Streveler, G.P., I.A. Worley and B.F. Molnia (eds). Lituya Bay Environmental Survey. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Marshall, S.L., G.T. Oliver, D.R. Bernard, and S.A. McPherson. 1984. Accuracy of scale pattern analysis in separating major stocks of sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) from southern Southeastern Alaska and northern British Columbia. Alaska Department of Fish and Game.
Marshall, D.B. 1988. Status of the marbled murrelet in North America with special emphasis on populations in California, Oregon and Washington, U.S.A. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.
Marshall, D.B. 1988. The marbled murrelet joins the old-growth forest conflict. Am. Birds. 42:202-212.
Marshall, D.B. 1989. Wildlife report: the marbled murrelet. In Chandler, W.J. (Ed.). Audubon. 1989:0-12.
Marston, R.A. 1983. Supraglacial stream dynamics on the Juneau Icefield, Alaska. Annals of the Association of American Geographers. 73:597-608.
Martin, L. 1910. Alaskan earthquakes of 1899. Geological Society of America Bulletin. 21:339-406.
Martin, L. 1913. Glaciers and international boundaries. Science. 66:129, 136-138.
Martin, L., and F.E. Williams. 1924. An ice-eroded fiord, the mode of origin of the Lynn Canal, Alaska. Geographic Review. 14:575-596.
Martin, J.W. 1967. Sea surface current studies in southeastern Alaska, spring and summer, 1967. U.S. Bureau of Commercial Fisheries.
Martin, J.R., W.W. Brady, and J.W. Downs. 1985. Preliminary forest plant associations (habitat types) of southeast Alaska: Chatham Area, Tongass National Forest. U.S. Forest Service, Sitka.
Martin, D.J., L.J. Wasserman, and V.H. Dale. 1986. Influence of riparian vegetation on posteruption survival of coho salmon fingerlings on the west-side streams of Mt. St. Helens, Washington. North American Journal of Fisheries Management. 6:1-9.
Martin, D.J., D.I. Austin, C.J. Whitmus, L.A. Brocklehurst, A.E. Nevissi, and N.J. Bas. 1992. Tracking the response of adult salmon to an oil spill in three dimensions. In: I.G. Priede and S.M. Swift (eds.), Wildlife telemetry: remote monitoring and tracking of animals. Vol. Ellis Horwood Limited, Chichester, England, pp. 410-422.
Martinez, D.R., and E. Klinghammer. The behavior of the whale Orcinus orca: a review of the literature. In: Vol. pp. 829-839.
Maser, C. 1975. Predation by Common Ravens on feral Rock Doves. Wilson Bulletin. 87:552-553.
Mask, R.A. 1992. Western black-headed budworm and hemlock sawfly in Alaska - historical summary and bibliography. U.S. Forest Service.
Massicotte, B., and J.J. Dodson. 1991. Endogenous activity rhythms in tomcod (Microgadus tomcod) post-yolk-sac larvae. Can. J. Zool. 69:1010-1016.
Mate, B.R., R. Gisiner, and J. Mobley. 1998. Local and migratory movements of Hawaiian humpback whales tracked by satellite telemetry. Can. J. Zool. 76:863-868.
Matheny, R.T., T.S. Smith, and D.G. Matheny. 1997. Animal ethology reflected in the rock art of Nine Mile Canyon, Utah. Journal of California and Great basin anthropology. 19:70-103.
Mathews, L.H. 1937. The humpback whale, Megaptera nodosa. Discovery Reports. 17:7-92.
Mathews, V., M. Kookesh, and R. Bosworth. 1990. Subsistence harvest and use of sea cucumber in SE Alaska. Alaska Department of Fish and Game.
Mathews, E.A. 1990. The role of education in conservation. ACS. Monterey, California.
Mathews, E.A. 1992. Harbor seal (Phoca vitulina richardsi) monitoring project and assessment of the feasibility of using aerial photography to census harbor seal haulouts in Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve, Summer 1992. U.S. National Park Service.
Mathews, E.A. 1992. Harbor seal (Phoca vitulina) censuses in Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve: a comparison of land-based and aerial censusing. NMFS, NMML and U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve. Seattle, WA.
Mathews, E.A. 1992. March survey for marine mammals in Stephens Passage, Southeast Alaska, 1992. University of Alaska Southeast.
Mathews, E.A. 1993. Incident report on an abandoned harbor porpoise (Phocoena phocoena) calf off Willoughby Island, Glacier Bay National Park. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Mathews, E.A. 1993. Opportunistic counts of Northern sea lions (Eumetopias jubatus) in Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve. Gustavus, AK.
Mathews, J. 1994. U.S. must take lead to save world's fisheries. Anchorage, AK.
Mathews, E.A. 1994. The effects of seismic reflection surveys and vessel traffic on harbor seals in Johns Hopkins Inlet, Glacier Bay National Park: A preliminary assessment. Glacier Bay National Park Service. Gustavus, AK.
Mathews, E.A. 1995. Marine Mammal stock assessment review: comments on the use of correction factors in calculations of Nmin. NMFS, NMML. Seattle.
Mathews, E.A. 1995. Longterm trends in abundance of harbor seals (Phoca vitulina richardsi) and development of monitoring methods in Glacier Bay National Park, Southeast Alaska. In: D.R. Engstrom (ed.), Third Glacier Bay Science Symposium. Vol. 1993. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park & Preserve, AK, pp. 254-263.
Mathews, E.A., and B.P. Kelly. 1996. Extreme temporal variation in harbor seal (Phoca vitulina richardsi) numbers in Glacier Bay, a glacial fjord in Southeast Alaska. Mar. Mamm. Sci. 12:483-488.
Mathews, E.A. 1996. Necropsy report for a harbor seal found in Mud Bay, Icy Strait, Southeast Alaska. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve. Gustavus.
Mathews, E.A. 1996. Distribution and ecological role of marine mammals. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Region 10. Juneau, Alaska.
Mathews, E.A. 1996. Effects of vessel traffic on Steller sea lions (Eumetopias jubatus) in Glacier Bay National Park. Glacier Bay National Park. Gustavus.
Mathews, E.A. 1997. Habitat selection and distribution of harbor seal females with pups in Glacier Bay National Park, Alaska. Glacier Bay National Park Service. Gustavus, AK.
Mathews, E.A., and J.N. Womble. 1997. Abundance and distribution of harbor seals from Icy Bay to Icy Strait, southeast Alaska during August 1996, with recommendations for a population trend route. Alaska Department of Fish and Game. Anchorage, AK.
Mathews, E.A. 1997. Preliminary assessment of haulout behavior of harbor seals (Phoca vitulina) and sources of disturbance at the Spider Island reefs, Glacier Bay National Park. Glacier Bay National Park. Gustavus, AK.
Mathews, E.A., and G.W. Pendleton. 1997. Estimation of trends in abundance of harbor seals at terrestrial and glacial ice haulouts in Glacier Bay National Park, Southeast Alaska. Alaska Department of Fish and Game, Division of Wildlife Conservation. Anchorage, AK.
Mathews, E.A., and L.B. Dzinich. 1997. Protocol: Aerial Surveys for long-term monitoring of harbor seals (Phoca vitulina richardsi) at haulouts in Glacier Bay National Park. Glacier Bay National Park. Gustavus, Alaska.
Mathews, E.A., and L.B. Dzinich. 1997. Protocol for counting harbor seals (Phoca vitulina richardsi) on glacial ice haulouts in Glacier Bay National Park. Glacier Bay National Park. Gustavus, Alaska.
Mathews, E.A. 2000. Testing a gps-linked aerial survey method for counting harbor seals (phoca vitulina richardsi) on glacial ice. U of A. S.E. biology department.
Mathisen, O.A. 1959. Studies on Steller sea lion (Eumetopias jubata) in Alaska.
Mathisen, O.A. 1962. Breeding habits, growth and stomach contents of the Steller sea lion in Alaska. Journal of Mammalogy. 43:469-477.
Mathisen, O.A. 1963. Photographic census of the Steller sea lion herds in Alaska, 1956-58. U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service.
Mathisen, J.E. 1968. Effects of human disturbance on nesting of Bald Eagles. Journal of Wildlife Management. 32:1-6.
Matkin, C.O. 1980. Panel discussion, symposium on the biology and behavior of the killer whale, held at the University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, October 10-12. In: Behavioral biology of killer whales. Vol. pp.
Matkin, C.O., and C.O. Leatherwood. 1986. General biology of the killer whale (Orcinus orca): a synopsis of knowledge. In: K. Lockhart (ed.), The behavioral biology of the killer whale. Vol. Liss and Co., pp.
Matkin, C.O. 1986. Killer whale interactions with the sablefish longline fishery in Prince William Sound, Alaska 1985 with comments on the Bering Sea. U.S. National Marine Fisheries Service.
Matkin, C.O., G. Ellis, O. von Ziegasar, and R. Steiner. 1986. Killer whales and longline fisheries in Prince William Sound, Alaska 1986. U.S. National Marine Fisheries Service, National Marine Mammal Laboratory.
Matkin, C.O., R. Steiner, and G. Ellis. 1987. Photoidentification and deterrent experiments applied to killer whales in Prince William Sound, Alaska, 1986. University of Alaska Sea Grant Marine Advisory Program.
Matkin, C.O. 1988. Status of Prince William Sound killer whales and the sablefish fishery in late 1987. University of Alaska Sea Grant Marine Advisory Program.
Matkin, D.R. 1989. Beardslee Islands bird and mammal baseline survey. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve. Gustavus.
Matkin, D.R. 1990. Killer whales in Glacier Bay and Icy Strait, Alaska. U.S. National Park Service. Glacier Bay National Park & Preserve, AK. 1988.
Matkin, D.R. 1992. Summary of killer whale (Orcinus orca) research in Glacier Bay and Icy Strait, Alaska, 1983-1990. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Matkin, C.O., and E.L. Saulitis. 1994. Killer whale (Orcinus orca) biology and management in Alaska. Marine Mammal Commission.
Matkin, C.O. 1994. Killer Whales of Prince William Sound Alaska. Prince William Sound Books, Valdez, AK. 103 pp.
Matkin, C.O., G.M. Ellis, M.E. Dahlheim, and J. Zeh. 1994. Status of killer whales in Prince William Sound, 1985-1992. In: T.R. Loughlin (ed.), Marine Mammals and the Exxon Valdez. Vol. Academic Press, San Diego, CA, pp. 141-162.
Matkin, D.R., and M.E. Dahlheim. 1995. Feeding behavior of killer whales in northern Southeastern Alaska. U.S. National Park Service. Glacier Bay National Park & Preserve, AK. 1993.
Matkin, C.O., D.R. Matkin, G.M. Ellis, E. Saulitis, and D. McSweeney. 1997. Movements of resident killer whales in southeastern Alaska and Prince William Sound, Alaska. Marine Mammal Science. 13:469-475.
Matkin, C., G. Ellis, E. Saulitis, L. Barret-Leonard, and D. Matkin. 1999. Killer whales of southeastern Alaska. North Gulf Oceanic Society, Homer, Alaska. 96 pp.
Matsen, B. 1991. The fleets wrestle with limiting froundfish effort, bycatch and a mixed salmon season. 71.
Matson, R., O. 1972. Happy Alaskans, we. Goose Cove Press, San Francisco, CA. 84 pp.
Matson, R.G., and G. Coupland. 1995. Prehistory of the Northwest Coast. Academic Press, San Diego. pp.
Matsuura, S., and K. Takeshita. 1976. Molting and growth of the laboratory-reared king crab (Paralithodes camtschatica) (Tilesius). Report of the International Whaling Commision. 3:1-14.
Matsuura, S., and K. Takeshita. 1990. Longevity of red king crab, Paralithodes camtschatica, revealed by long-term rearing study. Anchorage, Alaska.
Matthews, L.H. 1937. The humpback whale, Megaptera nodosa,. Discovery Report. 17:7-92.
Matthews, J.B. 1971. Some aspects of the hydrography of Alaskan and Norwegian Fjords. 1.
Matthews, J.B., and A.V. Quinlan. 1975. Seasonal characteristics of water masses in Muir Inlet, a fjord with tidewater glaciers. Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada. 32:1693-1703.
Matthews, J.B. 1981. The seasonal circulation of the Glacier Bay, Alaska fjord system. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science. 12:679-700.
Matthews, J.A. 1992. The ecology of recently-deglaciated terrains: a geoecological approach to glacier forelands and primary succession. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK. 386 pp.
Matthews, K.R. 1992. A Telemetric Study of the Home Ranges and Homing Routes of Lingcod Ophiodon-Elongatus on Shallow Rocky Reefs Off Vancouver Island British Columbia. U S National Marine Fisheries Service Fishery Bulletin. 90:784-790.
Mattila, D.K., L.N. Guinee, and C.A. Mayo. 1987. Humpback whale songs on the North Atlantic feeding grounds. 68:880-883.
Mattila, D.K., and P.J. Clapham. 1989. Humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae), and other cetaceans on Virgin Bank and in the northern Leeward Islands, 1985 and 1986. Can. J. Zool. 67:2201-2211.
Mattila, D., and J. Robbins. 1998. Monitoring of entanglement scars on the caudal peduncle of humpback whales in the gulf of Maine. National Marine Fisheries Service.
Mattson, C.W., H. Sears, and J. Valentine. 1959. Observations of salmon streams in Glacier Bay National Monument. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.
Matulich, S.C., J.E. Hanson, and R.C. Mittelhammer. 1988. A recursive age-structured model of Alaskan red king crab. Alaska Department of Fish and Game.
Matulich, S.C. 1990. Importance of bioeconomic analysis in managing the king crab industry. Anchorage, Alaska.
Matulich, S.C., J.A. Greenberg, D.B. Willis, and R.C. Mittelhammer. 1990. Alternative spawner-recruit specifications for Alaska red king crab: an empirical comparison. Anchorage, Alaska.
Maunder, J.E., and W. Threlfall. 1972. The breeding biology of the Black-legged Kittiwake in Newfoundland. Auk. 89:789-816.
Maxwell, R.J., and E.K. Maxwell. 1949. Cooperative independence among Tlingit elderly. Human Organization. 42:178-180.
Mayer, D.L. Synopsis of biological data on the dungeness crab cancer magister (dana, 1852) with emphasis on the Gulf of Alaska.
Mayer, I., I. Berglund, M. Rydevik, B. Borg, and R. Schulz. 1990. Plasma levels of five androgens and 17a-hydroxy-20B-dihydroprogesterone in immature and mature male Baltic salmon (Salmo salar) parr, and the effects of castration and androgen replacement in mature parr. Can. J. Zool. 68:263-267.
Mayhew, L. 1999. Origin, environmental setting, and tectonic implications of Silurian breccias, Glacier Bay National Park, Alaska.
Mayo, L.R. 1987. Advance of Hubbard Glacier and closure of Russell Fjord, Alaska: environmental effects and hazards in the Yakutat area. U.S. Geological Survey.
Mayrand, E., H. Guderley, and J.D. Dutil. 1998. Effect of morphometric maturity and size on enzyme activities and nucleic acid ratios in the snow crab Chionoecetes opilio. Journal of Crustacean Biology. 18:232-242.
Mazzuca, L., S. Atkinson, and E. Nitta. 1998. Deaths and entanglements of humpback whales, Megaptera novaeangliae, in the main Hawaiian Islands, 1972-1996. Pacific Science. 52:1-13.
McArthur, K.L. 1979. Methods in the study of grizzly bear behavior in relation to people in Glacier National Park. San Francisco, California.
McArthur, K.L. 1981. Factors contributing to effectiveness of black bear transplants. Journal of Wildlife Management. 45:102-110.
McBeth, C.P. 1949. Gold at Lituya Bay (as told to Oscar L. Brauer).
McBride, D.N., and D.R. Bernard. 1984. Estimation of the 1983 sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) return to the Alsek River through analysis of tagging data. Alaska Department of Fish and Game.
McCabe, G.T., R.L. Emmett, T.C. Coley, and R.J. McConnell. 1987. Effect of a river-dominated estuary on the prevalence of Carcinonemertes errans, an egg predator of the Dungeness crab, Cancer magister. Fish. Bull. 85(1):140-142.
McCabe, G.T., Jr., R.L. Emmett, T.C. Coley, and R.J. McConnell. 1988. Distribution, density, and size-class structure of Dungeness crabs in the river-dominated Columbia River estuary. Northwest Sci. 62:254-262.
McCaffery, B.J. 1998. The status of loons in Alaska: a preliminary needs assessment. Yukon Delta National Wildlife Refuge. Bethel, AK.
McCall, A.D. 1990. Dynamic geography of marine fish populations. Washington Sea Grant, 153 pp.
McCallum. 1979. A simple method of taking a subsample of zooplankton. New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research. 13:559-560.
McCambridge, W.F. 1955. A summary statement of forest insect conditions in Alaska, season of 1955. U.S. Forest Service, Alaska Forest Research Center.
McCann, R.K. 1997. Kluane National Park grizzly bear research project: year end report 1996. Centre for Applied Conservation Biology, University of British Columbia.
McCarthy, T.M. 1991. Brown bear: annual performance report of survey-inventory activities 1 July 1990-30 June 1991. Alaska Department of Fish and Game.
McCaskie, G. 1976. Southern Pacific Coast region, USA. Am. Birds. 30:764-770.
McCaughran, D.A. 1994. Flatfish management in the eastern Pacific Ocean with special reference of Pacific halibut. In: Vol. pp. 3-15.
McCaughtan, D.A., and G.C. Powell. 1977. Growth model for Alaska king crab (Paralithodes camtschatica). Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada. 34:989-995.
McCauley, R.D., D.H. Cato, and A.F. Jeffery. 1996. Study of the impacts of vessel noise on humpback whales in Hervey Bay. Queensland Department of Environment and Heritage.
McClanahan, T.R. Are conservationists fish bigots? Bioscience. 40:2.
McClanahan, T.R. 1994. Kenyan coral reef lagoon fish: effects of fishing, substrate complexity, and sea urchins. Coral Reefs. 13:231-241.
McClelland, B.R. 1973. Autumn concentrations of bald eagles in Glacier National Park. The Condor. 75:121-123.
McCollum, C. 1989. Saving wild lives. Alaska Magazine. 32-74.
McCollum, D.W., S.M. Miller, P. Janik, and K. Titus. 1996. Implications of economic information for natural resource managers: an Alaskan case study.
McComb, W.C., and R.E. Noble. Small mammal and bird use of some unmanaged and managed forest stands in the mid-south. 34.
McConnaughey, R.A., D.A. Armstrong, B.M. Hickey, and D.R. Gunderson. 1992. Juvenile Dungeness crab (Cancer magister ) recruitment variability and oceanic transport during the pelagic larval phase. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 49:2028-2044.
McConnaughey, R.A., and D.A. Armstrong. 1993. A juvenile critical stage in the dungeness crab cancer-magister life history. 85th Annual Meeting Of The National Shellfisheries Association, Portland, Oregon, Usa, May 31-June 3, 1993. J Shellfish Res. 12:133-134.
McConnaughey, R.A., D.A. Armstrong, B.M. Hickey, and D. Gunderson. 1994. Interannual variability in coastal Washington dungeness crab (cancer magister) populations: larval advection and the coastal landing strip. Fisheries Ocean. 3:22-38.
McConnaughey, R.A., and D.A. Armstrong. 1995. Potential effects of global climate change on dungeness crab (cancer magister) populations in the northeastern pacific ocean. Can. Spec. Pub. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 121:291-306.
McConnaughey, R.A. 1995. Changes in geographic dispersion of eastern Bering Sea flatfish associated with changes in population size. In: Proceedings of the international symposium on north Pacific flatfish. Vol. Alaska Sea Grant College Program, Fairbanks, Alaska, pp. 385-405.
McConnell, B.J., and M.A. Fedak. 1996. Movements of southern elephant seals. Can. J. Zool. 74:1485-1496.
McCullough, D.R. 1982. Behavior, bears, and humans. Wildlife Society Bulletin. 10:27-33.
McEdward, L.R., and D.A. Janies. 1993. Life cycle evolution in asteroids: what is a larva? Biological Bulletin (Woods Hole). 184:255-268.
McEdward, L. (ed). 1995. Ecology of marine invertebrate larvae. CRC Press, Boca Raton, New York, London, Tokyo.
McGarigal, K. 1988. Human-Eagle interactions on the lower Columbia river. 115.
McGarigal, K., R.G. Anthony, and F.B. Isaacs. 1991. Interactions of humans and bald eagles on the Columbia River estuary. Wildlife Monographs. 115:5-47.
McGarvey, R., F.M. Serchuk, and I.A. McLaren. 1993. Spatial and parent-age analysis of stock-recruitment in the Georges Bank sea scallop (Placopecten magellanicus) population. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 50:564-574.
McGarvey, R., and J.H. Prescott. 1998. A model for assessing season closure management options in the South Australian rock lobster (Jasus edwardsii) fishery. In: G. Jamieson and A. Campbell (eds.), Proceedings of the North Pacific symposium on invertebrate stock assessment and management. Vol. 125. Canadian Special Publication of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, pp. 335-340.
McGregor, A.J., S.A. McPherson, and J.E. Clark. 1984. Abundance, age, sex, and size of sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) catches and escapements in southeast Alaska in 1983. Alaska Department of Fish and Game.
McKelvey, R., D. Hankin, K. Yanoski, and C. Snygg. 1980. Stable cycles in multistage models: an application to the northern California Dungeness crab (Cancer magister) fishery. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 37:2323-2345.
McKelvey, R., and D.G. Hankin. 1981. Reply: Cycles in the northern California Dungeness crab populations. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 38:1296-1297.
McKenzie, G.D. 1968. Glacial history of Adams Inlet, southeastern Alaska. Ph.D. Dissertation, Ohio State University, Institute of Polar Studies, Columbus. pp.
McKenzie, G.D. 1969. Mechanisms and rate of collapse of a kame terrace in Adams Inlet, Alaska. Delaware.
McKenzie, G.D. 1969. Observations on a collapsing kame terrace in Glacier Bay National Monument, southeast Alaska. Journal of Glaciology. 8:413-425.
McKenzie, G.D. 1970. Glacial geology of Adams Inlet, southeast Alaska. Ohio State University, Institute of Polar Studies. Columbus.
McKenzie, G.D. 1970. Rate of collapse of snow-bank kames in Adams Inlet, southeast Alaska. Ohio Journal of Science. 70:107-111.
McKenzie, G.D. 1970. Some properties and age of volcanic ash in Glacier Bay National Monument. Arctic. 23:46-49.
McKenzie, G.D. 1970. Glacier caves. Western Speleological Survey.
McKenzie, G.D., and R.P. Goldthwait. 1971. Glacial history of the last 11,000 years in Adams Inlet, southeast Alaska. Geological Society of America Bulletin. 82:1767-1782.
McKenzie, G.D., and D.N. Peterson. 1975. Subglacial cavitation phenomena. Journal of Glaciology. 14:339-340.
McKenzie, G.D. 1976. Glacier fluctuations in Glacier Bay, Alaska, in the past 11,000 years. Ohio State University, Institute of Polar Studies. Columbus.
McKenzie, G.D. 1979. Glacier fluctuations in Glacier Bay, Alaska in the past 11,000 years: proceedings of the 1st Conference on Scientific Research in the National Parks. 11.
McKenzie, G.D., and R.G. Goodwin. 1980. Delta growth in a marine inlet, Alaska. Geological Society of America, Abstracts with Programs. 12:250.
McKenzie, G.D., and R.G. Goodwin. 1980. Development of collapsed glacial topography in Adams Inlet, Alaska. U.S. National Park Service, Wash., D.C. San Francisco, CA. 5, Physical Sciences.
McKenzie, G.D. 1987. Subglacial observations. In: Anderson, P.J. et al, eds. Observed processes of glacial depositions in Glacier Bay, Alaska. Ohio State University, Byrd Polar Research Center. Columbus.
McKenzie, G.D. 1987. Ice-contact and eltaic processes and deposits, Adams Inlet. In: Anderson, P.J. et al., eds. Observed processes of glacial deposition in Glacier Bay, Alaska. Ohio State University, Byrd Polar Research Center. Columbus.
McKeon, J.F. 1985. Downstream migration, growth, and condition of juvenile fall chinook salmon in Redwood Creek, Humboldt County, California. M.S. Thesis, Humboldt State, pp.
McLain, D.R. 1966. Oceanographic surveys of Traitor's Cove, Revillagigedo Island, Alaska. U.S. National Marine Fisheries Service, Auke Bay Laboratory, Juneau.
McLannahan, H.M.C. 1973. Some aspects of the ontogeny of cliff nesting behavior in the Kittiwake (Rissa tridactyla) and the Herring Gull (Larus argentatus). Behav. 44:36-88.
McLaren, I.A., and T.G. Smith. 1985. Population ecology of seals: retrospective and prospective views. Marine Mammal Science. 1(1):54-83.
McLaughlin, R.H., and A.K. O'Gower. 1971. Life History and Underwater Studies of a Heterodont Shark. Ecol. Monogr. 41:271-289.
McLeese, D.W., and D.G. Wilder. 1958. The activity and catchability of the lobster (Homarus americanus) in relation to temperature. Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada. 15(6):1345-1354.
McLoughlin, R.J., P.C. Young, R.B. Martin, and J. Parslow. 1991. The Australian scallop dredge: Estimates of catching efficiency and associated indirect fishing mortality. Fisheries Research (Amsterdam). 11:1-24.
McLusky, D.S., and A.D. McIntyre. 1988. Characteristics of the benthic fauna. Continental Shelves Ecosyst. World. 27:131-154.
McMillan, R.O., D.A. Armstrong, and P.A. Dinnel. 1995. Comparison of intertidal habitat use and growth rates of two northern Puget Sound cohorts of 0+ age Dungeness crab, Cancer magister. Estuaries. 18:390-398.
McMullen, J.C. 1969. Effects of delayed mating on the reproduction of king crab, Paralithodes camtschatica. Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada. 26:2737-2740.
McMullen, J.C., and H.T. Yoshihara. 1971. Deposition of mature eggs in unmated king crabs, Paralithodes camtschatica (Tilesius). Transactions. American Fisheries Society. 3:583-584.
McMynn, R.G. 1951. the crab fishery off Graham Island, British Columbia, to 1948. Fisheries Research Board of Canada.
McNab, B.K. 1978. The evolution of endothermy in the phylogeny of mammals. The american naturalist. 112:1-.
McNeill, S.E., and P.G. Fairweather. 1993. Single large or several small marine reserves? An experimental approach with seagrass fauna. Journal of Biogeography [J. BIOGEOGR.]. 20:429-440.
McNeill, S.E. 1994. The selection and design of marine protected areas: Australia as a case study. Biodiversity and Conservation. 3:586-605.
McPherson, S.A., A.J. McGregor, and M.A. Olsen. 1988. Abundance, age, sex, and size of sockeye salmon catches and escapements in southeast Alaska in 1987. Alaska Department of Fish and Game.
McQuillan, A.G. 1990. Is National Forest planning incompatible with land ethic? J. Fisheries Biol. 88:31-34.
McShane, P.E. 1998. Assessing stocks of abalone (Haliotis spp.): Methods and constraints. In: G. Jamieson and A. Campbell (eds.), Proceedings of the North Pacific symposium on invertebrate stock assessment and management. Vol. 125. Canadian Special Publication of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, pp. 41-48.
McSweeney, D., K.C. Chu, W.F. Dolphin, and L.N. Guinee. 1989. North Pacific humpback whale songs: a comparison of southeast Alaskan feeding ground songs with Hawaiian wintering ground songs. Marine Mammal Science. 5:139-148.
McVean, A., and I. Findlay. 1979. The incidence of autotomy in an estuarine population of the crab Carcinus maenas. J. Mamm. 59:341-354.
Meagher, M., and J.R. Phillips. Restoration of natural populations of grizzly and black bears in Yellowstone National Park. U.S. National Park Service, Yellowstone National Park.
Meagher, M. 1978. Evaluation of bear management in Yellowstone National Park, 1977. U.S. National Park Service, Yellowstone National Park.
Medrano, L., I. Salas, P. Ladron de Guevara, M. Salinas, A. Aquayo, J. Jacobsen, and C.S. Baker. Sex identification of humpback whales, Megaptera novaeanghliae, on the wintering grounds of the mexican pacific.
Meehan, W.R., and J.F. Thilenius. 1983. Safety in bear country: protective measures and bullet performance at short range. U.S. Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Forest and Range Experiment Station.
Meehan, W.R. 1985. Anadromous fish habitat research program for coastal Alaska. U.S. Forest Service.
Megrey, B.A. 1988. Exploitation of Walleye Pollock resources in the Gulf of Alaska, 1964-88: portrait of a fishery in transition. University of Alaska. Anchorage, Alaska.
Mehlum, F. 1984. Concentrations of seabirds along the face of glaciers and outlets of rivers in Svalbard. Fauna. 37:156-160.
Mehlum, F., and G.W. Gabrielsen. 1995. Energy expenditure and food consumption by seabird populations in the barents Sea region. In: H. Skjoldal, C. Hopkins, K.E. Erikstad and H.P. Leinaas (eds.), Ecology of fjords and coastal waters. Vol. Elsevier Science, Amsterdam, Netherlands, pp. 457-470.
Meiklejohn, B.A. 1994. Ecology and sensitivity to human disturbance of a wolf pack at Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve, Alaska. Field Naturalist Program, University of Vermont.
Meininger, P.L. 1977. Pomarine Skua (Stercorarius pomarinus) taking black-headed gulls (Larus ridibundus). Limnol. & Oceanogr. 50:
Meininger, P.L. 1977. Observation of a kittiwake (Rissa tridactyla) with red legs. Limnol. & Oceanogr. 50:
Mellas, E.J., and J.M. Haynes. 1985. Swimming performance and behavior of rainbow trout and white perch. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 42:488-493.
Melteff, B.R. 1984. Proceedings of the sumposium on Dungeness Crab biology and management, table of contents. Anchorage, Alaska.
Melteff, B.R. 1985. Proceedings of the international king crab symposium. Anchorage, Alaska.
Melville-Smith, R. 1987. Movements of deep-sea red crab (Geryon maritae) off South West Africa/Namibia. South African Journal of Zoology. 22:143-152.
Melvin, L. 1928-1941. Leslie Melvin collection- Alaska history collection. Juneau, AK.
Mendenhall, V.M. 1992. Distribution, breeding records, and conservation problems of the marbled murrelet in North America. 5.
Menge, B.A., E.L. Berlow, C.A. Blanchette, S.A. Navarrete, and S.B. Yamada. 1994. The keystone species concept: Variation in interaction strength in a rocky intertidal habitat. Ecol. Monogr. 64:249-286.
Menge, B.A., E.L. Berlow, C.A. Blanchette, S.A. Navarrete, and S.B. Yamada. 1994. The keystone species concept: Variation in interaction strength in a rocky intertidal habitat. Ecol. Monogr. 64:249-286.
Menzies, A. 1993. The Alaska travel journal of Archibald Menzies, 1793-1794. University of Alaska Press, Fairbanks, Alaska. 247 pp.
Mercado, E. 1998. Humpback whale bioacoustics: from form to function. Dissertation, University of Hawaii, Honolulu. pp.
Mercado, E.I., and L.N. Frazer. 1999. Environmental constraints on sound transmission by humpback whales. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 106:3004-3016.
Mercer, J.H. 1961. The response of fjord glaciers to changes in the firn limit. Journal of Glaciology. 3:850-858.
Mercer, J.H. 1978. Age of earliest mid-latitude glaciation. Nature. 274:926.
Merkouris, S.E., L.W. Seeb, and M.C. Murphy. 1998. Low levels of genetic diversity in highly exploited populations of Alaskan Tanner crabs, Chionoecetes bairdi, and Alaskan and Atlantic snow crabs, C. opilio. Fish. Bull. 96:525-537.
Merli, R., and R. Carstensen. 1997. Bears and us: problems and opportunities at Dzantik'i Heeni school. Discovery Foundation. Juneau, Alaska.
Merrell III, T.R. 1966. Freshwater fish. In: Mirsky, A. Soil development and ecological succession in a deglaciated area of Muir Inlet, southeast Alaska. Ohio State University, Institute of Polar Studies. Columbus.
Merrick, R.L., T.R. Loughlin, and D.G. Calkins. 1987. Decline in abundance of the northern sea lion, (Eumetopias jubatus), in Alaska, 1956-86. Fish. Bull. 85:351-365.
Merrick, R.L., T.R. Loughlin, G.A. Antonelis, and R. Hill. 1994. Use of satellite-linked telemetry to study Steller sea lion and norther fur seal foraging. Pol. Res. 13:105-114.
Merrick, R.L., and A.E. York. 1994. A viability analysis for the Alaskan Steller sea lion population, 1985-1994. National Marine Mammal Laboratory, NMFS, NOAA. Seattle, WA.
Merrick, R.L. 1995. The relationship of the foraging ecology of Steller sea lions (Eumetopias jubatus) to their population decline in Alaska. Ph.D, University of Washington, Seattle, WA. 171 pp.
Merrick, R.L., R. Brown, D. Calkins, and T.R. Loughlin. 1995. A comparison of Stellar sea lion, Eumetopias jubatus, pup masses between rookeries with increasing and decreasing populations. Fish. Bull. 93:753-758.
Merrick, R.L., R.R. Loughlin, and D.G. Calkins. 1996. Hot branding: A technique for long-term marking of pinnipeds. Alaska Fisheries Science Center
Alasks Department of Fish and Game.
Merrick, R.L., and T.R. Loughlin. 1997. Foraging behavior of adult female and young-of-the-year Steller sea lions in Alaskan waters. Can. J. Zool. 75:776-786.
Merrick, R.L., M.K. Chumbly, and G.V. Byrd. 1997. Diet diversity of Stellar sea lions (Eumetopias jubatus) and their population decline in Alaska: a potential relationship. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 54:1342-1348.
Merritt, M.F. 1985. The Lower Cook Inlet Dungeness crab fishery from 1965-1983. In: B.R. Melteff (ed.), Proceedings of the symposium on Dungeness crab biology and management. Vol. Alaska Sea Grant College Program, Fairbanks, Alaska, pp. 85-96.
Merritt, M. 1985. King (Paralithodes camtschatica) and Tanner crab (Chionoecetes bairdi) assessment studies in Lower Cook Inlet, Alaska, 1983. Ak. Dept. Fish Game, Div. Comm. Fish. Manage. Dev., Info. Leaf. 248, Juneau:-.
Merritt, M.F. 1986. Tanner crab (Chionoecetes bairdi) stock assessment studies in Lower Cook Inlet, Alaska, 1984 and 1985.
Merritt, M.E., D.R. Bernard, and G.H. Kruse. 1988. King crab stock assessment studies in lower Cook Inlet, Alaska, in 1984 and 1985 and calculation of variance in the historical survey mean catch per pot. Alaska Department of Fish and Game.
Merritt, M.F., and K.R. Criddle. 1993. Evaluation of the anlaytic hierarchy process for aiding management decisions in recreational fisheries: a case study of the Chinook Salmon fishery in the Kenai River, Alaska. Alaska Sea Grant College Program. University of Alaska Fairbanks. 93-02.
Mertie, J.B. 1931. Notes on the geography and geology of Lituya Bay. U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin. 836-B:18.
Messenger, D., A.S. Duckels, M. Pennington, and J. Taylor. 1988. Kestrel taking Leach's Petrel. British Birds. 81:395.
Metcalf, V. 1976. The Southeast Alaska cultural experience; a bicentennial publication of the Juneau Indian Studies program of the City and Borough of Juneau School District. City and Borough of Juneau School District. Douglas, AK.
Metcalf, P. 1977. Mount Fairweather, Alaska’s little known giant. Summit. 23:2-9.
Methot, R.D., and L.W. Botsford. 1982. Estimated preseason abundance in the California Dungeness crab (Cancer magister) fisheries. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 39(8):1077-1083.
Methot, R.D. 1989. Management of a cyclic resource: The Dungeness crab fisheries of the Pacific coast of North America. Marine Invertebrate Fisheries: Their Assessment And Management. 205-223.
Methven, D.A., and J.F. Piatt. 1989. Seasonal annual variation in the diet of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) in relation to the abundance of capelin (Mallotus villosus) off eastern Newfoundland, Canada. J. Cons. int. Explor. Mer. 45:223-225.
Methven, D.A., and J.F. Piatt. 1991. Seasonal abundance and vertical distribution of capelin (Mallotus villosus) in relation to water temperature at a coastal site off eastern Newfoundland. ICES Journal of Marine Science. 48:187-193.
Metsker, H. 1982. Toxicity of certain heavy metals on fish in the aquatic environment. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.
Meyer, R.M. 1968. The Dungeness crab fishery around Kodiak, Alaska. Commer. Fish. Rev. 30(8):44-47.
Meyer, T.L., R.A. Cooper, and R.W. Langton. 1979. Relative abundance, behavior, and food habits of the American sand lance, (Ammodytes americanus), from the Gulf of Maine. Fish. Bull. 77:243-253.
Meyer, S.C. 1992. Biological characteristics of the sport harvest of marine groundfishes in southcentral Alaska, 1991. Alaska Department of Fish and Game.
Meyer, S.C. 1994. The recreational halibut fishery in southcentral Alaska (area 3A) with 1993 harvest composition: a report to the International Pacific Halibut Commission. Alaska Department of Fish and Game, Div. of Sport Fish. Anchorage, Alaska.
Meyer, S.C. 1995. Characteristics and trends in the recreational halibut fishery of southcentral Alaska, 1991-1993. In: Proceedings of the international symposium on north Pacific flatfish. Vol. Alaska Sea Grant College Program, Fairbanks, Alaska, pp. 523-545.
Meyers, T.R., T.C. Shirley, S.M. Shirely, A.K. Sparks, and J.F. Morado. 1985. A review of Dungeness crab diseases in the Pacific Northwest and Alaska. Alaska Sea Grant College Program. Fairbanks, Alaska.
Meyers, T.R. 1987. A bitter sweet suprise: bitter crab disease. A.D.F.&G. 14-15.
Meyers, T.R., B. Eaton, S. Short, C. Botelho, T. Koeneman, A. Sparks, and F. Morado. 1990. Bitter crab dinoflagellate disease: overview of the causative agent and its importance and distribution in the Alaskan Tanner crab (Chionoecetes bairdi, c. opilio) fisheries. Anchorage, Alaska.
Meyers, T.R., and S. Short. 1990. Diseases of king crab species in Southeast Alaska. Anchorage, Alaska.
Meyers, J.M. 1991. Breeding bird population of the Okefenokee Swamp in Georgia: baseline for assessing furure avifaunal changes. Journal of Field Ornithology.
Michelson, D.M., and N.R. Ham. 1995. Thirty years of glacier process studies at Burroughs Glacier, Wachusett Inlet, Glacier Bay, Alaska. U.S. National Park Service. Glacier Bay National Park & Preserve, AK. 1993.
Mickelson, D.M. 1971. Glacial geology of the Burroughs Glacier area, southeast Alaska. Ohio State University, Institute of Polar Studies. Columbus.
Mickelson, D.M. 1973. Nature and rate of basal till deposition in a stagnating ice mass, Burroughs Glacier, Alaska. Arctic and Alpine Research. 5:17-27.
Mickelson, D.M., and J.M. Derkson. 1974. Till ridges presently forming above and below sea level in Wachusett Inlet, Glacier Bay, Alaska. Geografiska Annaler. 56:111-119.
Mickelson, D.M. 1987. Landform and till genesis in the eastern Burroughs Glacier-Plateau remnant area, Glacier Bay, Alaska. In: Anderson, P.J. et al., eds. Observed processes of glacial deposition in Glacier Bay, Alaska. Ohio State University, Byrd Polar Research Center. Columbus.
Mickelson, D.M. 1987. Deglaciation of the Burroughs and Plateau Glaciers area, Glacier Bay, Alaska. In: Anderson, P.J. et al, eds. Observed processes of glacial deposition in Glacier Bay, Alaska. Ohio State University, Byrd Polar Research Center. Columbus.
Mickelson, D.M., and N.R. Ham. 1995. Thirty years of glacier process studies at Burroughs Glacier, Wachusetts Inlet, Glacier Bay, Alaska. USNPS. Gustavus, Alaska.
Mikhalev, Y.A. 1997. Humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) in the Arabian Sea. Marine Ecol. Prog. Rep. 149:13-21.
Miles, P.R. 1982. Comparison of underwater radiated noise of Majestic Alaska Explorer, Glacier Seal. Bolt, Beranek & Newman, Inc., Cambridge, MA. 6 pp.
Miles, P.R., and C.I. Malme. 1982. Underwater acoustic evidence of glacial seismic events in Glacier Bay, Alaska. Bolt, Beranek & Newman, Inc., Cambridge, MA. 20 pp.
Miles, P.R., and C.I. Malme. 1983. The acoustic environment and noise exposure of humpback whales in Glacier Bay, Alaska. U.S. National Marine Fisheries Service, National Marine Mammal Laboratory.
Miles, P.R., and C.I. Maime. 1987. Evidence of glacial seismic events in the acoustic environment of humpback whales. The Geophysical Institute. Fairbanks, Alaska. 2.
Milinski, M. 1994. Long-term memory for food patches and implications for ideal free distribution in sticklebacks. Ecology. 1150-1156.
Milinski, M. 1997. How to avoid seven deadly sins in the study of behavior. In: P.J.B. Slater, J.S. Rosenblatt, C.T. Snowdon and M. Milinski (eds.), Advances in the study of behavior. Vol. 26. Academic Press, San Diego, pp. 159-180.
Millar, J.S. 1979. Energetics of lactation in Peromyscus maniculatus. Can. J. Zool. 57:1015-1019.
Miller, G.S. 1929. A note on the skeletons of two Alaskan porpoises. Smithsonian Misc. Coll. 82:1-2.
Miller, M.M. 1940. Mt. Bertha, Fairweather Range. Harvard Mountaineering. 6:7-14.
Miller, D.J. 1953. Preliminary geologic map of Tertiary rocks in the southeastern part of the Lituya district, Alaska, and correlated columnar sections of Tertiary rocks in the Lituya district, Alaska. U.S. Geological Survey.
Miller, D.J. 1954. Cataclysmic flood waves in Lituya Bay, Alaska. Geological Society of America Bulletin. 65:1346.
Miller, M.M. 1954. Glaciothermal studies of the Taku Glacier, southeastern Alaska. l'Association Internationale d'Hydrologie. 39:309-327.
Miller, M.M. 1958. Role of diastrophism in the regimen of glaciers in the St. Elias district, Alaska. Journal of Glaciology. 3:292-297.
Miller, D.J., T.G. Payne, and G. Gryc. 1959. Geology of possible petroleum provinces in Alaska. U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin. 1094:132.
Miller, D.J. 1960. Giant waves in Lituya Bay, Alaska: a timely account of the nature and possible causes of certain giant waves, with eyewitness reports of their destructive capacity. U.S. Geological Survey.
Miller, D.J. 1960. The Alaska earthquake of July 10, 1958: giant wave in Lituya Bay. Seismological Society of America Bulletin. 50:253-266.
Miller, D.J. 1961. Geology of the Lituya district, Gulf of Alaska Tertiary Province, Alaska. U.S. Geological Survey.
Miller, M.M. 1962. 1946-1962 survey of the regional pattern of Alaska glacier variations. National Geographic Society.
Miller, M.M. 1963. Regional pattern of Alaskan glacier fluctuations. Foundation for Glacial Research, Seattle.
Miller, M.M. 1964. Morphogenetic classification of Pleistocene glaciations in the Alaska-Canada Boundary Range. Proceedings American Philosophical Society. 108:247-256.
Miller, M.M. 1964. Inventory of terminal position changes in Alaskan coastal glaciers since the 1750's. Proceedings: American Philosophical Society. 108:257-273.
Miller, R.J. 1974. Saturation of crab traps: reduced entry and escapement. Journal du Conseil, Conseil International pour l'Exploration de la Mer. 38(3):338-345.
Miller, R.J. 1975. Density of the commercial spider crab, Chionoecetes opilio, and calibration of effective area fished per trap using bottom photography. Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada. 32:761-768.
Miller, R.J. 1976. North American crab fisheries: regulations and their rationales. Fish. Bull. 74:623-633.
Miller, P. 1981. Fisheries resources of streams along the park road and in Kantishna Hills, Denali National Park & Preserve. NPS.
Miller, R.J. 1981. Design criteria for crab traps. Journal du Conseil, Conseil International pour l'Exploration de la Mer. 39(2):140-147.
Miller, R. 1982. Historical survey of Glacier Bay National Park & Preserve: Dundas Bay sites. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Miller, M.M. 1985. Recent climatic variations, their causes and neogene perspectives. America Assciation for the Advancement of Science, Pacific Division, California Acedemy of Science.
Miller, R.J. 1986. Traps as a survey tool for animal density. Hamilton (Bermuda). 39.
Miller, K.A., and J.A. Estes. 1989. Western range extension for Nereocystis luetkeana in the North Pacific Ocean. Botan. Marin. 32:535-538.
Miller, R.J. 1989. Catchability of American lobsters (Homarus americanus) and rock crabs (Cancer irroratus) by traps. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 46:1652-1657.
Miller, R.J. 1990. Effectiveness of crab and lobster traps. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 47:1228-1251.
Miller, E.J. 1991. Photo-identification techniques applied to Dall's Porpoise (Phocoenoides dalli) in Puget Sound, Washington. Rep. Int. Whal. Commn. (Special Issue 12). 429-437.
Miller, G.H., and A. Vernal. 1992. Will greenhouse warming lead to Northern Hemisphere ice-sheet growth? Nature. 355:244-246.
Miller, R., and R. Mohn. 1993. Critique of the Leslie method for estimating sizes of crab and lobster populations. N. Am. J. Fish. Manage. 13:676-685.
Miller, S.M., R. Sinnott, and D.W. McCollum. 1994. Differentiating among wildlife-related attitudinal groups in Alaska.
Miller, R.J., and J.T. Addison. 1995. Trapping interactions of crabs and American lobster in laboratory tanks. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 52:315-324.
Millie, D., O. Schofield, G. Kirkpatrick, G. Johnsen, P. Tester, and B. Vinyard. 1997. Detection of harmful algal blooms using photopigments and absorption signatures: A case study of the Florida red tide dinoflagellate, Gymnodinium breve. American Society of Limnologyand Oceanography. 42:1240-1250.
Milliman, S.R., B.L. Johnson, R.C. Bishop, and K.J. Boyle. 1992. The bioeconomics of resource rehabilitation: a commercial-sport analysis for a Great Lakes fishery. Land Economics. 68(2):191-210.
Mills, D., and R. Caulfield. 1979. Natural history field notes. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Mills, D. 1982. The procurement and use of abalone in southeast Alaska. Alaska Department of Fish and Game.
Mills, D.D., and A.F. Firman. 1986. Fish and wildlife use in Yakutat, Alaska: contemporary patterns and changes. Alaska Department of Fish and Game, Division of Subsistence.
Mills, E.L. 1989. Biological oceanography: an early history 1870-1960. Cornell University Press, 890 pp.
Mills, D. 1989. Ecology and management of Atlantic salmon. Chapman & Hall, London. 351 pp.
Mills, L.S., S.G. Hayes, C. Daldwin, M.J. Wisdom, J. Citta, D.J. Mattson, and K. Murphy. 1996. Factors leading to different viability predictions for a grizzly bear data set. Cons. Biology. 10:863-873.
Mills, C.E., and J.T. Carlton. 1998. Rationale for a system of international reserves for the open ocean. Conservation Biology [CONSERV. BIOL.]. 12:244-247.
Milner, A.M. 1978. Aquatic insects in several streams in Glacier Bay National Monument. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Milner, A.M. 1978. Life returns to Glacier Bay. Wildlife Research. 20:300-307.
Milner, A.M., S. Allen, J. Baker, H. Hil, and M. Howlett. 1978. Report of a hydrobiological expedition to Glacier Bay, Alaska, summer 1977. Chelsea College University of London, England.
Milner, A.M. 1980. List of aquatic invertebrates collected from post-glacial streams in Glacier Bay National Monument, southeast Alaska. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Milner, A.M. 1983. Ecology of post-glacial streams in Glacier Bay National Park, southeast Alaska. Ph.D. Dissertation, Chelsea College, University of London, England, pp.
Milner, A.M. 1983. Discussion of physiochemical parameters of the waters of Glacier Bay. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Milner, A.M. 1987. Colonization and ecological development of new streams in Glacier Bay National Park, Alaska. Freshw. Biol. 18:53-70.
Milner, A.M., and R.G. Bailey. 1989. Salmonid colonization of new streams in Glacier Bay National Park, Alaska. Aquacult. Fish. Manage. 20:179-192.
Milner, A.M. 1990. Community development in a glacial stream. U.S. National Park Service. Glacier Bay National Park & Preserve, AK. 1988.
Milner, A. 1990. Stream community development following glacial recession in coastal Alaska.
Milner, A.M., and J.W. Wood Jr (eds). 1990. Proceedings of the Second Glacier Bay science symposium, September 19-22, 1988. U.S. National Park Service, Alaska Regional Office, Anchorage, AK, Glacier Bay National Park, Gustavus, AK.
Milner, A.M. 1992. Lake productivity with relation to sockeye salmon production in Glacier Bay National Park. Environmental and Natural Resources Institute, University of Alaska, Anchorage.
Milner, A.M. 1994. Colonization and succession of invertebrate communities in a new stream in Glacier Bay National Park, Alaska. Freshw. Biol. 32:387-400.
Milner, A.M. 1995. Community development in Wolf Point Creek, Glacier Bay National Park, Alaska. U.S. National Park Service. Glacier Bay National Park & Preserve, AK. 1993.
Minns, C.K. 1995. Allometry of home range size in lake and river fishes. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 52:1499-1508.
Mirsky, A., and e. al (eds). 1966. Soil development and ecological succession in a deglaciated area of Muir Inlet, southeast Alaska. Ohio State University, Institute of Polar Studies, Columbus.
Misund, O.A. 1997. Underwater acoustics in marine fisheries and fisheries research. Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries. 7:1-34.
Mitchell, L.J. 1961. Inventory with classification and work code for historic buildings, Glacier Bay National Monument. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Miyazaki, M. 1996. Vegetation cover, kleptoparasitism by diurnal gulls, and timing of arrival of nocturnal Rhinoceros Auklets. Auk. 113:698-702.
Mizroch, S.A., R. Hobbs, D. Mattila, L.S. Baraff, and N. Higashi. A new survey protocol for capture-recapture studies in humpback whale winter grounds. National Marine Fisheries Service. Seattle, Washington.
Mizroch, S.A., and L.S. Baraff. Assessment of photographic quality for capture-recapture estimates based on photo-identification data. National Marine Mammal Laboratory
Alaska Fisheries Science Center
National Marine Fisheries Service
National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Association. Seattle, WA.
Mizroch, S.A., J.A. Beard, and M. Lynde. 1990. Computer assisted photo-identification of humpback whales. In: P.S. Hammond, S.A. Mizroch and G.P. Donovan (eds.), Individual Recognition of Cetaceans: Use of Photo-identification and Other Techniques to Estimate Population Parameters. Rep. Intl. Whal. Commn., Special Issue 12. Vol. International Whaling Commission, Cambridge, pp. 63-70.
Mizroch, S.A., D. Glockner-Ferrari, D. Salden, H. Bernard, J. Mobley, and L. Baraff. 1995. Report of a pilot study to estimate abundance, within-season residency, and rate and direction of movement of humpback whales in Hawaiian waters, winter 1995. National Marine Fisheries Service. Seattle, Washington.
Mizroch, S. 1996. Calf mortality workshop. U.S. National Marine Fisheries Service, National Marine Mammal Laboratory.
Mizue, K. 1949. Food of Whales (In the adjacent waters of Japan). 81-90.
Mizue, K., K. Yoshida, and A. Takemura. 1966. On the ecology of the Dall's porpoise in Bering Sea and the North Pacific Ocean. Bulletin of the Faculty of Fisheries, Nagasaki University. 1-21.
Mizutani, H., M. Fukuda, Y. Kabaya, and E. Wada. 1990. Carbon isotope ratio of feathers reveals feeding behavior of cormorants. The Auk. 107:400-437.
MkAvoy, L.H., and D.L. Dustin. 1981. The right to risk in wilderness. J. Fisheries Biol. 150-152.
MMC. 1998. Marine Mammal Commission: annual report to congress. Marine Mammal Commission.
MMS. 1997. Distribution and abundance of Cook Inlet belukha whales (Delphinapterus leucas) in winter. Minerals Management Service.
Mobley Jr., J.R., and L.M. Herman. 1985. Transience of social affiliations among humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) on the Hawaiian wintering grounds. Can. J. Zool. 63:762-772.
Modaferri, R.D. 1992. Lower Susitna Valley moose population identity and movement study. Alaska Department of Fish and Game.
Moerlein, G.A. 1968. Geology and drilling results, Nunatak molybdenum prospect, Walper property, southeastern Alaska. U.S. Bureau of Mines Library.
Moerlein, G.A. 1971. Report of examination of Bruce Hills copper-molybdenum prospect, Mt. Fairweather, D-2 quadrangle, Alaska. U.S. Mines Library, Juneau, AK.
Mohan, M.V., and T.M. Sankaran. 1988. Two new indices for stomach content analysis of fishes. J. Fish Biol. 33:293-305.
Mohl, B. 1968. Auditory sensitivitiy of the common seal in air and water. J. Appl. Tech. 8:27-38.
Mohl, B. 1968. Hearing in seals. In: R.J. Harrison (ed.), The behavior and physiology of pinnipeds. Vol. 5. Meredith Corporation, New York, pp. 172-195.
Mohn, R. 1996. Comment on elementary operations of sequential population analysis. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 53:2655-2656.
Mohr, C.O. 1947. Table of equivalent populations of North American small mammals. Am. Midl. Nat. 37:223-249.
Moksnes, P.O., R.N. Lipcius, L. Pihl, and J. Van Montfrans. 1997. Cannibal-prey dynamics in young juveniles and postlarvae of the blue crab. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology. 215:157-187.
Molinero, A., and R. Flos. 1992. Influence of season on the feeding habits of the common sole (Solea solea). Mar. Behav. and Physiol. 113:499-507.
Moll-Stalcup, E., D.A. Brew, and T.L. Vallier. 1994. Latest Cretaceous and Cenozoic magmatic rocks of Alaska. In: G. Plafker and H.C. Berg (eds.), The Geology of Alaska. Vol. G-1 (GNA-G1), Plate 5, scale 1:2,500,000. Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, pp.
Molnia, B.F. 1977. Rapid shoreline erosion and retreat at Icy Bay, Alaska - a staging area for offshore petroleum development. Houston, Texas.
Molnia, B.F., and P.R. Carlson. 1978. Surface sedimentary units of northern Gulf of Alaska continental shelf. American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin. 62:633-643.
Molnia, B.F., and M.C. Wheeler. 1978. Report on the beach dynamics, geology, and oil spill susceptibility of the Gulf of Alaska coastline in Glacier Bay National Monument, Sea Otter Creek to Icy Point.
Molnia, B.F. 1980. Beach characteristics and physical aspects of oil spill susceptibility. In: Streveler, G.P., I.A. Worley, and B.F. Molnia, eds. Lituya Bay Environmental Survey, Vol. 1. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Molnia, B.F. 1980. Geology. In: Streveler, G.P., I.A. Worley, and B.F. Molnia, eds. Lituya Bay Environmental Survey, Vol 1. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Molnia, B.F., and P.R. Carlson. 1980. Quaternary sedimentary facies on the continental shelf of the northeastern Gulf of Alaska. In: Quaternary Depositional Environments of the U.S. Pacific Continental Margin. In: M.E. Field (ed.), Pacific Coast Paleographic Symposium 4. Vol. Society of Economic Paleontologic Minerals, Bakersfield, CA, pp. 157-168.
Molnia, B.F. 1981. Distribution of continental shelf surface sedimentary units between Yakutat and Cross Sound, northeastern Gulf of Alaska. J. Wildl. Manage. 1:60-65.
Molnia, B.F., and M.C. Wheeler. 1982. Environmental geologic map of Glacier Bay National Monument coastal area, Gulf of Alaska. U.S. Geological Survey.
Molnia, B.F. 1983. Subarctic glacial-marine sedimentation: a model. In: B.F. Molnia (ed.), Glacial-Marine sedimentation. Vol. Plenum Press, N.Y., pp. 95-144.
Molnia, B.F., T.J. Atwood, P.R. Carlson, A. Post, and S.C. Vath. 1984. Map of marine geology of upper Muir and Wachusett Inlets, Glacier Bay, Alaska: sediment distribution and thickness, bathymetry, and interpreted seismic profiles. U.S. Geological Survey.
Molnia, B.F. 1986. Glacial history of the northeastern Gulf of Alaska -- a synthesis. In: T.D. Hamilton, K.M. Reed and R.M. Thorson (eds.), Glaciation in Alaska, the geologic record. Vol. Anchorage, Alaska Geological Society, pp. 219-236.
Molnia, B.F. 1987. Annotated seismic profiles, sediment distribution, sediment thickness and bathymetry of upper Muir and Wachusett Inlets. In: Anderson. P.J., et al., eds. Observed processes of glacial deposition in Glacier Bay, Alaska. Ohio State University, Byrd Polar Research Center. Columbus.
Molnia, B.F. 1995. Holocene history of Bering Glacier, Alaska, a prelude to the 1993-1994 surge. March-April 1995, v.16.
Moloney, C.L., L.W. Botsford, and J.L. Largier. 1994. Development, survival and timing of metamorphosis of planktonic larvae in a variable environment: the Dungeness crab as an example. Marine Ecol. Prog. Rep. 113:61-79.
Momot, W.T. 1998. An example of how exploitation can increase production and yield in a northern crayfish (Orconectes virilis) population. In: G. Jamieson and A. Campbell (eds.), Proceedings of the North Pacific symposium on invertebrate stock assessment and management. Vol. 125. Canadian Special Publication of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, pp. 225-233.
Monaco, M.E., and e. al. 1990. Distribution and abundance of fishes and invertebrates in west coast estuaries; volume I: data summaries. National Oceanic Survey, Strategic Assessment Branch.
Monaghan, P., J.D. Uttley, and M.D. Burns. 1991. The influences of changes in prey availability on the breeding ecology of terns. 20:2257-2262.
Monaghan, P., P.J. Wright, M.C. Bailey, J.D. Uttley, and P. Walton. 1996. The influence of changes in food abundance on diving and surface feeding seabirds. In: W.A. Montevecchi (ed.), Studies of High-Latitude Seabirds. 4. Trophic Relations and Energetics of Endotherms in Cold Ocean Systems. Canadian Wildlife Service Occasional Papers 91. Vol. pp. 10-19.
Monan, G.E. 1982. Advances in tagging and tracking hatchery salmonids: coded wire tags, multiple-coded and miniature radio tags, and the passive integrated transponder tag. Tokyo.
Monnat, J.-Y., E. Danchin, and R. Rodriguez Estrella. 1990. Assessment of environmental quality within the framework of prospecting and recruitment: the squatterism in the Kittiwake. C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris, série III. 311:391-396.
Montevecchi, W.A. 1976. Field experiments on the adaptive significance of avian eggshell pigmentation. Behavior. 58:26-30.
Montevecchi, W.A. 1976. Egg size and the predatory behaviour of crows. Behav. 57:307-320.
Montevecchi, W.A. 1977. Predation in a salt marsh Laughing Gull colony. Auk. 94:583-585.
Montevecchi, W.A. 1978. Corvids using objects to displace gulls from nests. The Condor. 80:349.
Montevecchi, W.A. 1978. Nest-site selection and its survival value among Laughing Gulls. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology. 4:143-161.
Montevecchi, W.A. 1979. Predator-prey interactions between ravens and kittiwakes. Zeitschrift fur Tierpsychologie. 49:136-141.
Montevecchi, W.A., and J. Piatt. 1984. Composition and energy contents of mature inshore spawning capelin (Mallotus villosus): implications for seabird predators. Commp. Biochem. Physiol. 78:15-20.
Montevecchi, W.A., and J.F. Piatt. 1987. Dehydration of seabird prey during transport to the colony: effects on wet weight energy densities. Can. J. Zool. 65:2822-2824.
Montevecchi, W.A., V.L. Birt-Friesen, and D.K. Cairns. 1992. Reproductive energetics and prey harvest of Leach's Storm-petrels in the northwest Atlantic. Ecology. 73:823-832.
Montevecchi, W.A., and R.A. Myers. 1992. Monitoring fluctuations in pelagic fish availability with seabirds. Can. Atlan. Fish Study Advis. Comm. (CAFSAC) Res. Doc. 92/94. 92/94:
Montevecchi, W.A. 1993. Birds as indicators of change in marine prey stocks. In: R.W. Furness and J.J.D. Greenwood (eds.), Birds As Monitors of Environmental Change. Vol. Chapman and Hall, London, pp. 217-266.
Montevecchi, W.A., and R.A. Myers. 1996. Dietary changes in seabirds reflect shifts in pelagic food webs. Sarsia. 80:313-322.
Montevecchi, W.A., and R.A. Myers. 1997. Centurial and decadal oceanographic influences on changes in Northern Gannet populations and diets in the Northwest Atlantic: implications for climate change. ICES Journal of Marine Science. 54:608-614.
Montgomery, D.T., and R.J. Berg. 1977. Southeast Alaska pre-project investigations 1974. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.
Montopoli, G.J., and D.A. Anderson. 1991. A logistic model for the cumulative effects of human intervention on bald eagle habitat. Journal of Wildlife Management. 55:290-293.
Moon, R.E., R.D. Vann, and P.B. Bennett. 1995. The physiology of decompression illness. Scientific American. 70-77.
Mooney, H.e.a. 1990. Research strategies for the U.S. global change research program. National Academy Press, Washington, D.C. 291 pp.
Moore, B.C.J. 1975. Mechanisms of masking. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 57:391-399.
Moore, K.R., and C.J. Henny. 1983. Nest site characteristics of three coexisting acipiter hawks in northeastern Oregon. Raptor Res. 17:65-76.
Moore, P.D. 1990. Grass root destruction. Nature. 344:492.
Moore, F.R. 1990. Evidence for redetermination of migratory direction following wind displacement. Auk. 425-428.
Moore, T.E., and J.A. Dumoulin (eds). 1996. Geologic studies in Alaska by the U.S. Geological Survey, 1994. U.S. Geological Survey, Denver, Colorado.
Moores, E.M. 1981. Ancient suture zones within continents. Scientific Reports Whales Research Institute, Tokyo. 213:41-46.
Moran, J.R., and C.A. Wilson. 1995. Abundance and distribution of marine mammals in Northern Bristol Bay and Southern Kuskokwim Bay. USFWS and National Biological Service, NMFS, and ADF&G.
Moravek, J.R. 1973. Some further observations on the behavior of an ice-dammed self-draining lake, Glacier Bay, Alaska. Journal of Glaciology. 12:505-507.
Morejohn, G.V. 1979. The natural history of Dall's porpoise in the North Pacific Ocean. In: H.E. Winn and B.L. Olla (eds.), Behavior of Marine Mammals, Vol. 3. Cetaceans. Vol. Plenum Press, New York, NY, pp. 45-83.
Morgan, B.J.T., M.J.A. Simpson, J.P. Hanby, and J. Hall-Craggs. 1974. Visualizing interaction and sequential data in animal behaviour: theory and application of cluster-analysis methods. Behav. LVI:1-43.
Morgan, K.R., C.V. Paganelli, and H. Rahn. 1978. Egg weight loss and nest humidity during incubation in 2 Alaskan, USA, gulls. The Condor. 80:272-275.
Morgan, L. 1979. The Tlingits, Haidas, and Tsimsians. In: Morgan, L. ed. Alaska’s native people. ALGE. 6:229-270.
Morgan, L.E., L.W. Botsford, and S.R. Wing. 1998. Influence of local productivity and recruitment patterns on design of reserves, the California red sea urchin population as an example. In: O. Magoon, H. Converse, B. Baird and M. Miller-Henson (eds.), California and world ocean '97. Vol. Asce, Reston, VA (USA), pp. 426-436.
Mori, Y. 1998. Optimal choice of foraging depth in divers. Journal of Zoology. 245:279-283.
Morissy, N.M. 1973. Normal (Gaussian) response of juvenile marron, Cherax tenuimanus (Smith) (Decapoda: Parastacidae), to capture by baited sampling units. Aust. J. Mar. Freshwat. Res. 24:183-195.
Moriyasu, M., and P. Mallet. 1986. Molt stages of the snow crab Chionoecetes opilio by observation of morphogenesis of setae on the maxilla. Journal of Crustacean Biology. 6:709-718.
Moriyasu, M., E. Wade, A. Sinclair, and Y. Chiasson. 1998. Snow crab, Chionoecetes opilio, stock assessment in the southwestern Gulf of St. Lawrence by bottom trawl survey. In: G. Jamieson and A. Campbell (eds.), Proceedings of the North Pacific symposium on invertebrate stock assessment and management. Vol. 125. Canadian Special Publication of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, pp. 29-40.
Morris, R.H., D.P. Abbott, and E.C. Hadeulic. 1980. Intertidal invertebrates of California. Stanford University Press, pp.
Morris, R.D., and J.W. Chardine. 1990. Costs of parental neglect in the Brown Noddy (Anous stolidus). Can. J. Zool. 68:2025-2027.
Morris, R.D., M. Woulfe, and G.D. Wichert. 1991. Hatching asynchrony, chick care, and adoption in the common tern: can disadvantaged chicks win? Can. J. Zool. 69:661-668.
Morrison, P., M. Rosenmann, and J.A. Estes. 1974. Metabolism and thermoregulation in the sea otter. Physiol. Zool. 47:218-229.
Morrison, K., B. Henwood, and K. Lewis. 1997. Toward a marine protected areas strategy for the Pacific coast of Canada. A draft discussion paper. pp.
Morrissey, J.F., and S.H. Gruber. 1993. Home range of juvenile lemon sharks, Negaprion brevirostris. Copeia. 2:425-434.
Morrow, J.E. 1980. The freshwater fishes of Alaska. Alaska Northwest Publishing, Anchorage, Alaska. 248 pp.
Morse, F. 1908. The recession of the glaciers of Glacier Bay, Alaska. National Geographic Magazine. 19:76-78.
Mortensen, A., and B. Damsgard. 1996. Growth, mortality, and food preference in laboratory reared juvenile king crab (Paralithodes camtschaticus). Alaska Sea Grant College Program. Anchorage, AK. 96-02.
Morton, A.B. 1990. A quantitative comparison of the behavior of resident and transient forms of the killer whale off the central British Columbia Coast. Rep. Int. Whal. Commn., Special Issue. 12:245-248.
Moser, J.F. 1898. Bartlett Bay Packing Company. In: The salmon and salmon fisheries of Alaska, report of the operations of the U.S. Fish Commission steamer Albatross for the year ending June 30.
Moser, J.F. 1902. Alaska Salmon Investigations in 1900. Bulletin of the U.S. Fish Commission. XXI:253.
Moser, J.F. 1902. The salmon and salmon fisheries of Alaska. United States Fish Commission. Washington, D.C.
Moses, E. 1995. DISTRIBUTION OF NORTH ATLANTIC RIGHT WHALES (Eubalaena glacialis) IN RELATION TO OCEANOGRAPHIC FEATURES OF THE SCOTIAN SHELF. Masters, pp.
Moss, M.L., J.M. Erlandson, and R. Stuckenrath. 1988. The antiquity of Tlingit settlement on Admiralty Island, Southeast Alaska. American antiquity. 54:534-543.
Moss, M.L. 1989. Archaeology and cultural ecology of the prehistoric Angoon Tlingit. University of California. Santa Barbara.
Moss, M.L., and J.M. Erlandson. 1992. Forts, refuge rocks, and defensive sites: the antiquity of warfare along the North Pacific coast of North America. Arctic Anthropology. 29:73-90.
Moss, M.L. 1993. Shellfish, gender, and status on the Northwest Coast: reconciling archaeological, ethnographic, and ethnohistorical records of the Tlingit. Am. Anth. 95:631-652.
Mossman, A.S. 1959. Notes on gull and tern food habits in Alaska. In: A.W. Johnson (ed.), Proceedings of the 10th Alaskan Science Conference, Alaska Division, AAAS. Vol. AAAS, Juneau, AK, pp. 86-87.
Mossman, R. 1991. Moose survey. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Motyka, R.J., and A. Post. 1995. Taku Glacier: influence of sedimentation, accumulation to total area ratio, and channel geometry on the advance of a fjord-type glacier. U.S. National Park Service. Glacier Bay National Park & Preserve, AK. 1993.
Mouchaty, S., J.A. Cook, and G.F. Shields. 1995. Phylogenetic analysis of northern hair seals based on nucleotide sequences of the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene. J. Mammalogy. 76(4):1178-1185.
Moulton, J.M. 1960. Swimming sounds and the schooling of fishes. The Biological bulletin. 119:210-223.
Mow, J. 1989. Bald eagle report. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Mueller, G.J. 1973. Preliminary survey of intertidal fauna and flora of Glacier Bay National Monument: a final report. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Mueller, G.J., A.S. Naidu, and D. Schamel. 1977. Benthic marine studies. In: Streveler, G.P. and I.A. Worley (eds). Dixon Harbor Biological Survey, final report on the summer phase of 1975 research. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Muench, R.D., and D.T. Heggie. 1978. Deep water exchange in Alaskan subarctic fjords. In: B. Kjerfie (ed.), Estuarine Transport Processes. Vol. University of South Carolina Press, Columbia, pp. 239-267.
Muench, R.D., H.O. Mofjeld, and R.L. Charnell. 1978. Oceanographic conditions in lower Cook Intlet: spring and summer 1973. Journal of Geophysical Research. 83:5090-5098.
Muir, J. 1893. Alaska. American Geologist. 5:287-299.
Muir, J. 1895. The Discovery of Glacier Bay. Century Magazine. New Series 28:234-247.
Muir, J. 1897. On the Muir Glacier. In: The Alaska trip. Century Magazine. August:523-526.
Muir, J. 1901. Notes on the Pacific coast glaciers. In: Harriman Alaska Expedition. Vol. 1. Doubleday, Page, N.Y., pp. 119-135.
Muir, J. 1915. Glacier Bay. In: Travels in Alaska. Vol. Houghton-Mifflin, Boston, pp. 140-160, 258-318.
Muir, J. 1915. Travels in Alaska. Houghton Mifflin Co., Boston. pp.
Muir, W.D. 1984. Escape of captured Dungeness crabs from commercial crab pots in the Columbia River estuary. North American Journal of Fisheries Management. 4:552-555.
Muir, J. 1985. The John Muir Papers, 1858-1957. Chadwyck- Healey Inc, pp.
Muldoon, M. 1986. Bird species distribution in the Burroughs Glacier area, June 5-15. In: Deglaciation at the southeast end of Burroughs Glacier, Glacier Bay, AK. University of Wisconsin, Department of Geology and Geophysics, and Department of Geography.
Mumme, R.L., and e. al. 1990. Individual contributions to cooperative nest care in the Acorn Woodpecker. The Condor. 92:360-368.
Mundahl, N.D., and C.G. Ingersoll. 1989. Home range, movements, and density of the central stoneroller, Campostoma anomalum, in a small Ohio stream. Environ. Biol. Fishes. 307-311.
Mundy, P.R., K.K. English, W.J. Gazey, and K.E. Tarbox. 1993. Evaluation of the harvest management strategies applied to Sockeye Salmon populations of Upper Cook Inlet, Alaska, using run reconstruction analysis. Alaska Sea Grant College Program. University of Alaska Fairbanks. 93-02.
Munehara, H., J. Nagao, and T. Maruyama. 1996. Development of artificial reefs for the horsehair crab. Alaska Sea Grant College Program. Anchorage, AK. 96-02.
Munk, J.E., S.A. Payne, and B.G. Stevens. 1996. Timing and duration of the mating and molting season for shallow water Tanner crab (Chionoecetes bairdi). Alaska Sea Grant College Program. Anchorage, AK. 96-02.
Munkejord, A., and S. Folkedal. 1979. Fluctuations in the Kittiwake Rissa tridactyla population in Rogaland, SW Norway.
Muotka, T., and A. Penttinen. 1994. Detecting Small-scale Sptial Patterns in Lotic Predator-Prey Relationships: Statistical Methods and a Case Study. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 51:2210-2218.
Murawski, S.A., R. Brown, H.-L. Lai, P.J. Rago, and L. Hendrickson. 2000. Large-scale closed areas as a fishery-management tool in temperate marine systems: the Georges Bank experience. Bull. Mar. Sci. 66:775-798.
Murie, O.J. 1940. Food habits of the Northern Bald Eagle in the Aleutian Islands, Alaska. The Condor. 42:198-202.
Murison, L., D.J. Murie, K.R. Morin, and J.C. da Silva. 1984. Foraging of the gray whale along the west coast of Vancouver Island, British Columbia. In: M.L. Jones, S.L. Swartz and S. Leatherwood (eds.), The Gray Whale. Vol. Academic Press, San Francisco, CA, pp. 451-464.
Murison, L.D., and D.E. Gaskin. 1989. The distribution of right whales and zooplankton in the Bay of Fundy, Canada. Can. J. Zool. 67:1411-1420.
Murphy, G.I. 1960. Estimating abundance from longline catches. J. Fish. Res. Bd. Canada. 17:33-40.
Murphy, G.I. 1968. Pattern in life history and the environment. Am. Nat. 102:391-403.
Murphy, E.L., A. Wasiljeff, and F.B. Jensen. 1976. Frequency-dependent influence of the sea bottom on the near-surface sound field in shallow water. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America. 59:839-845.
Murphy, E.C., and A.A. Hoover. 1981. Research study of the reactions of wildlife to boating activity along Kenai Fjords coastline. U.S. National Park Service.
Murphy, E.C., D.G. Roseneau, and P.M. Bente. 1984. An inland nest record for the Kittlitz's murrelet (Brachyramphus brevirostris). The Condor. 86:
Murphy, E.C., and A.M. Springer. 1984. Population status and reproductive success of murres and kittiwakes at Bluff, Alaska in 1984. Institute of Arctic Biology and Institute of Marine Science, University of Alaska, Fairbanks.
Murphy, E.C., R.H. Day, D.L. Oakley, and A.A. Hoover. 1984. Dietary changes and poor reproductive performance in Glaucous-winged gulls. The Auk. 101:532-541.
Murphy, M.L. 1984. Primary production and grazing in freshwater and intertidal reaches of a coastal stream, Southeast Alaska. Limnology and Oceanography. 29:805-815.
Murphy, M.L. 1985. Die-offs of pre-spawn adult pink salmon and chum salmon in southeastern Alaska. North American Journal of Fisheries Management. 5:302-308.
Murphy, M.L., J. Heifetz, S.W. Johnson, K.V. Koski, and J.F. Thedinga. 1986. Effects of clear-cut logging with and without buffer strips on juvenile salmonids in Alaskan streams. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 43:1521-1533.
Murphy, E.C., A.M. Springer, and D.G. Roseneau. 1986. Population status of Common Guillemots Uria aalge at a colony in western Alaska: Results and simulations. Ibis. 128:348-363.
Murphy, M.L., J.M. Lorenz, J. Heifetz, J.F. Thedinga, K.V. Koski, and S.W. Johnson. 1987. The relationship between stream classification, fish, and habitat in southeast Alaska. U.S. National Marine Fisheries Service, Auke Bay Laboratory, Juneau.
Murphy, M., K.V. Koski, J.M. Lorenz, and J.F. Thedinga. 1988. Migrations of juvenile salmon in the Taku River, southeast Alaska. U.S. National Marine Fisheries Service, Auke Bay Laboratory, Juneau.
Murphy, M.L., J. Heifetz, J.F. Thedinga, S.W. Johnson, and K.V. Koski. 1989. Habitat utilization by juvenile Pacific salmon (Onchorynchus) in the glacial Taku River, southeast Alaska. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 46:1677-1685.
Murphy, M.L., and K.V. Koski. 1989. Input and depletions of woody debris in Alaska streams and implications for streamside management. North American Journal of Fisheries Management. 9:427-436.
Murphy, D.D. 1990. Conservation biology and scientific method. Cons. Biology. 4:203-204.
Murphy, M.L., J.M. Lorenz, and K.V. Koski. 1991. Population estimates of juvenile salmon downstream migrants in the Taku River, Alaska. U.S. National Marine Fisheries Service, Auke Bay Laboratory, Juneau.
Murphy, E.C., A.M. Springer, and D.G. Roseneau. 1991. High annual variability in reproductive success of Kittiwakes (Rissa tridactyla L.) at a colony in western Alaska. J. Amer. Stat. Assoc. 60:515-534.
Murphy, E.C., A.A. Hoover-Miller, R.H. Day, and K.L. Oakley. 1992. Intracolony variability during periods of poor reproductive performance at a glaucus-winged gull colony. The Condor. 94:598-607.
Murphy, J.B., and R.D. Nance. 1992. Mountain belts and the supercontinent cycle. Scientific American. April 1992:84-91.
Murphy, M.C. 1994. Summary of the statewide shellfish meeting held in Anchorage Alaska. Alaska Department of Fish and Game, Commercial Fisheries Management and Development Division.
Murphy, M.C. 1995. Summary of Dungeness crab management workshop held in Homer, Alaska, February 1-3, 1995. Alaska Departement of Fish and Game, Commercial Fisheries Management and Development Division. Homer.
Murphy, M.C., and G.H. Kruse. 1995. An annotated bibliography of capture and handling effects on crabs and lobsters. AK. Fish. Res. Bull. 2:23-75.
Murphy, M.C., and S.F. Blau. 1996. Postlarval red king crab density dependence in artificial collectors, Kodiak, Alaska. Alaska Sea Grant College Program. Anchorage, AK. 96-02.
Murray, M.D., and W.J.M. Vestjens. 1967. Studies on the ectoparasites of seals and penguins. III. The distribution of the tick Ixodes uriae White and the flea Parapsyllus magellanicus heardi de Meillon on Macquarie Island. Australian Journal of Zoology. 15:715-725.
Murray, S. 1983. Common mushrooms of Bartlett Cove. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Murray, S. 1987. Partial intertidal species list for Bartlett Cove. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Murray, C.B., T.D. Beacham, and J.D. McPhail. 1990. Influence of parental stock and incubation temperature on the early development of coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) in British Columbia. Can. J. Zool. 68:347-358.
Murray, S.N. et al. 1999. No-take Reserve Networks: Sustaining Fishery Populations and Marine Ecosystems. Fisheries. 24:11-25.
Murrell, E.E. 1975. Freshwater and anadromous fishes. In: Streveler, G.P. and I.A. Worley, eds. Dixon Harbor Biological Survey, final report on the summer phase of the 1974 research. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Murrell, E.E. 1977. Growth and August foods of juvenile anadromous Dolly Varden (Salvelinus malma) and coho salmon (Onchorhynchus kisutch) in the Boussole Valley of Glacier Bay National Monument. M.S. Thesis, University of Alaska, Cooperative Park Studies Unit, Fairbanks, AK, pp.
Murrell, E.E. 1977. Freshwater and anadromous fishes. In: Streveler, G.P. and I.A. Worley, eds. Dixon Harbor Biological Survey: final report on the summer phase of 1975 research. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Murtaugh, P.A. 1996. The statistical evaluation of ecological indicators. Ecol. Appl. 6:132-139.
Muter, F.J., B.L. Norcross, and T.C. Royer. 1993. Do cyclic temperatures cause cyclic fisheries? Draft:
Myers, J.P. et al. 1987. Conservation strategy for migratory species. Amer. Sci. 75:19-26.
Myers, R.A., N.J. Barrowman, J.A. Hutchings, and A.A. Rosenberg. 1995. Population dynamics of exploited fish stocks at low population levels. Scientific Reports Whales Research Institute, Tokyo. 269:1106-1108.
Myhre, R.J. 1969. Gear selection and Pacific halibut. IPHC. Seattle, Washington.
Myhre, R.J., and T.J. Quinn II. 1984. Comparison of efficiency of snap gear to fixed-hook setline gear for catching Pacific halibut. IPHC. Seattle, Washington.
Myrberg, J.A.A. 1985. Understanding shark behavior. Portland, OR.
Myrberg Jr., A.A. 1972. Influence of sound on the behavior of marine animals. In: H.E. Winn and B.L. Olla (eds.), Behavior of Marine Animals. Vol. 2: Vertebrates. Plenum Press, New York-London, pp. 435-468.
Myrberg Jr., A.A. 1990. The effects of man-made noise on the behavior of marine animals. Environ. Int. 16:575-586.
Myrberg Jr., A.A. 1990. Man-made noise and the behavior of marine animals: a need for increased awareness. Noise as a public health problem. 5:189-200.
Mysak, L.A. 1986. El Nino, interannual variability and fisheries in the northeast Pacific Ocean. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 43:464-497.
Nadeau, M.S. 1987. Habitats, trails and campground situations associated with grizzly-human confrontations in Glacier National Park, Montana. Master of Science, University of Montana, Missoula, Montana. 91 pp.
Naef-Daenzer, B. 1993. A new transmitter for small animals and enhanced methods of home-range analysis. Journal Of Wildlife Management. 57:680-689.
NAFO/ICES. 1995. Report of the NAFO/ICES symposium on the role of marine mammals in the ecosystem. Dartmouth, Nova Scotia, Canada.
Nagao, J., H. Munehara, and K. Shimazaki. 1996. Spawning cycle of horsehair crab (Erimacrus isenbekii) in Funka Bay, Southern Hokkaido, Japan. Alaska Sea Grant College Program. Anchorage, AK. 96-02.
Nagy, K.A. 1987. Field metabolic rate and food requirement scaling in mammals and birds. Ecol. Monogr. 57:111-128.
Nakamura, A., and M. Soma. 1988. Biological telemetry of sea turtles utilizing the ARGOS system. The Univeristy of Arkansas Press. Fayetteville, Arkansas. 10.
Nakashima, B.S. 1996. The relationship between oceanographic conditions in the 1990s and changes in spawning behaviour, growth and early life history of capelin (Mallotus villosus). 24:55-68.
Nams, V.O. 1989. Effects of radiotelemetry error on sample size and bias when testing for habitat selection. Can. J. Zool. 67:1631-1636.
NAS. 1995. On being a scientist: responsible conduct in research. National Academy Press, Washington, DC. 29 pp.
Nash, R.D.M., and A.J. Geffen. 1988. Surveys of herring brit in coastal Gulf of Maine using fishery acoustic methods: preliminary report. Mainely Fish, Research. Stockton, Maine.
Nash, R.D.M., and D.K. Stevenson. 1988. Innovative use of current hydroacoustic technology to census and delineate fish populations: specifically the herring population in eastern Maine. Mainely Fish, Research. Stockton Springs, Maine.
Natcher, B., J. Greenberg, and M. Hermann. 1996. Economic evaluation of super exclusive designation for the summer Norton Sound red king crab fishery. Alaska Sea Grant College Program. Anchorage, AK. 96-02.
National Research Council. 1990. Research strategies for the U.S. Global Change Research Program. National Academy Press, Washington, D.C. pp.
National Research Council. 1992. Science and the National Parks. National Academy Press, Washington, D. C. 122 pp.
National Research Council. 1992. Oceanography in the next decade. National Academy Press, Washington D.C. 202 pp.
National Research Council. 1993. A biological survey for the nation. National Academy Press, Washington, D.C. 205 pp.
National Research Council. 1994. The ocean's role in global change: progress of major research programs. National Academy Press, Washington D.C. 85 pp.
National Research Council. 1994. Environmental science in the coastal zone: issues for further research. National Academy Press, Washington D.C. 172 pp.
National Research Council. 1995. Understanding marine biodiversity: a research agenda for the nation. National Academy Press, Washington, D.C. 114 pp.
National Research Council. 1999. Sustaining marine fisheries. National Academy Press, Washington, D. C. 184 pp.
Naugle, D.E., J.A. Jenks, and B.J. Kernohan. 1996. Use of infrared sensing to estimate density of white-tailed deer. Wildlife Society Bulletin. 24:37-43.
Naumann, T. 1985. Backcountry impact surveys Reid Inlet and Ptarmigan Creek, Glacier Bay National Park, Alaska, a report prepared for the U.S. National Park Service. University of Vermont, Burlington.
NCDC. 2000. National Climatic Data Center: Daily surface weather observations. National Climatic Data Center, NOAA. 2000.
Neary, J. 1995. Summary and notes from: workshop for bear viewing managers. United States Forest Service, Admiralty National Monument. Juneau, Alaska.
Neave, D.J. 1968. Seasonal migrations of the harbor porpoise (Phocoena phocoena) and other cetacea in the Bay of Fundy. J. Mamm. 49:259-264.
Nehlsen, W., J.E. Williams, and J.A. Lichatowich. 1991. Pacific Salmon at the Crossroads Stocks at Risk from California Oregon Idaho and Washington Usa. Fisheries (Bethesda). 16:4-21.
Neibauer, H.J. 1983. Multi-year sea ice variability in the eastern Bering Sea: an update. Journal of Geophysical Research. 88:2733-2742.
Neiland, B.J. 1971. The forest-bog complex of southeast Alaska. Vegetation. 26:3-62.
Neilson, J.D., K.G. Waiwood, and S.J. Smith. 1989. Survival of Atlantic halibut (Hippoglossus hippoglossus) caught by longline and otter trawl gear. Can J Fish Aquat Sci. 46:887-897.
Neilson, J.D., J.F. Kearney, P. Perley, and H. Sampson. 1993. Reproductive biology of Atlantic halibut (Hippoglossus hippoglossus) in Canadian waters. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 50:551-563.
Nelson, R.A., G.E. Folk, E.W. Pfeifer, J.J. Craighead, C.J. Jonkel, and D.L. Steiger. Behavior, biochemistry, and hibernation in black, grizzly, and polar bears.
Nelson, G.E. 1935. Report on property of the Wolf Creek Mining and Exploration Company, Inc., Glacier Bay, southeastern Alaska. Territory of Alaska Department of Mines.
Nelson, B. 1967. Colonial and cliff nesting in the Gannet compared with other Sulidae and the Kittiwake. Ardea. 55:60-90.
Nelson, J.B. 1970. The relationship between behaviour and ecology in the Sulidae with reference to other sea birds. Oceanography and Marine Biology: an Annual Review. 8:501-574.
Nelson, J., and W. Lehnhausen. 1983. Marine bird and mammal survey of the outer coast of southeast Alaska, summer 1982. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Anchorage, AK.
Nelson, J.B. 1988. Age and breeding in seabirds. 19:1081-1097.
Nelson, W., and E. Bonsdorff. 1990. Fish predation and habitat complexity: are complexity thresholds real? J. Exp. Zool. 141:183-194.
Nelson, F.E.G.E. 1995. Physical Geography (Entire journal issue): Glaciers and Late Quaternary Environments of Alaska: II. V. H. Winston & Son, Inc., Silver Spring, MD. 87-163 pp.
Nelson, D.R., J.N. McKibben, W.R. Strong, Jr., C.G. Lowe, J.A. Sisneros, D.M. Schroeder, and R.J. Lavenberg. 1997. An acoustic tracking of a megamouth shark, Megachasma pelagios: A crepuscular vertical migrator. Environ. Biol. Fishes. 49:389-399.
Nelson, S.K., D.L. Whitworth, and S.H. Newman. 1999. Pilot study on the habitat use and foraging ranges of marbled murrelets in Northern Southeast Alaska, May-July 1998.
Nemeth, I. 1991. Fears mount over dwindling seals, whales. Anchorage.
Nemoto, T. 1957. Foods of baleen whales in the northern pacific. Scientific Reports of the Whales Research Institute. 12:33-89.
Nemoto, T. 1959. Food of baleen whales with reference to whale movements. Sci. Rep. Whales Res. Inst., Tokyo. 14:149-290.
Nemoto, T. 1962. Food of baleen whales collected in recent Japanese Anarctic whaling expeditions. The Scientific Reports of the Whales Research Institute. 89-103.
Nemoto, T. 1964. School of baleen whales in the feeding areas. Sci. Rep. of Whales Res. Inst. 18:89-110.
Nemoto, T. 1973. Feeding pattern of baleen whales in the ocean. In: J.H. Steele (ed.), Mar. Fish. Re. Vol. Oliver & Boyd, Edinburgh, pp. 241-252.
Nemoto, T. 1978. Humpback whales observed within the continental shelf waters of the eastern Bering Sea. The Scientific Reports of the Whales Research Institute. 30:245-247.
Nerini, M.K., H.W. Braham, W.M. Marquette, and D.J. Rugh. Life history of the bowhead whale, Balaena mysticetus (Mammalia: Cetacea). Journal of Zoology (London). 204:443-468.
Nerini, M. 1984. A review of gray whale feeding ecology. In: M.L. Jones, S.L. Swartz and S. Leatherwood (eds.), The Gray Whale. Vol. Academic Press, San Francisco, CA, pp. 423-450.
Nettleship, D.N. 1975. A recent decline of Gannets, Morus bassanus, on Bonaventure Island, Quebec. Can. Field-Nat. 89:125-133.
Nettleship, D.N. 1976. Gannets in North America: present numbers and recent population changes. Wilson Bulletin. 88:300-313.
Nettleship, D.N. 1976. Census techniques for seabirds of arctic and eastern Canada. Canadian Wildlife Service.
Nettleship, D.N. 1978. Population analysis of colonial nesting seabirds from photography. Ibis. 120:119.
Neu, C.W., C.R. Byers, and J.M. Peek. 1974. A technique for analysis of utilization-availability data. Journal of Wildlife Management. 38:541-545.
Neuman, J., J.M. Porter, and J.W. Chardine. 1992. Reprodutive failure of black-legged kittiwakes at Gull Island, Newfoundland in 1990 and 1991.
Nevissi, A., J.M. Orensanz, A.J. Paul, and D.A. Armstrong. 1996. Radiometric estimation of shell age in Chionoecetes spp. from the eastern Bering Sea, and its use to interpret shell condition indices: preliminary results. Alaska Sea Grant College Program. Anchorage, AK. 96-02.
Newby, T.C. 1971. Distribution, population dynamics and ecology of the harbor seal, Phoca vitulina richardsi, of southern Puget Sound, Washington. M.S., Uiversity of Puget Sound, Tacoma, WA. 75 pp.
Newby, T.C. 1973. Observations on the breeding behavior of the harbor seal in the state of Washington. Journal of Mammalogy. 54(2):540-543.
Newby, J.E. 1996. Parks for people: a case study from the Air Mountains of Niger. The journal of the George Wright society. 13:40-50.
Newell, R.R., D. Kielman, T.S. Constandse-Westermann, W.A.B. van der Sanden, and A. van Gijn. 1990. An inquiry into the ethnic resolution of mesolithic regional groups. E.J. Brill, pp.
Newman, H.W. 1959. Observations on aggressiveness in sockeye salmon smolts. Copeia. 1959:76-76.
Newman, S.H., J.F. Piatt, and J. White. 1997. Hematological and plasma biochemical reference ranges of Alaskan seabirds: their ecological significance and clinical importance. Colonial Waterbirds. 20:492-504.
Newton, R., and M. Moss. 1984. Subsistence lifeway of the Tlingit people. USDA Forest Service.
Niblack, A.P. 1890. Coast Indians of southern Alaska and northern British Columbia. U.S. National Museum.
Nichols, F.H., J.K. Thompson, and L.E. Schemel. 1990. Remarkable invasion of San Francisco Bay (California, USA) by the Asian clam Potamocorbula amurensis. II. Displacement of a former community. Marine Ecol. Prog. Rep. 66:95-101.
Nichols, J.D. 1992. Capture-recapture methods. BioScience. 42:94-102.
Nicholson, M.D., and J.A. Pope. 1975. The estimation of mortality from capture-recapture experiments. Academic press. Aberdeen.
Nickerson, D.M. 1997. Power analysis for detecting trends in the presence of concomitant variables. Ecology. 1442-1447.
Niebauer, H.J., and A.B. Hollowed. 1993. Speculations on the connection of atmospheric and oceanic variability to recruitment of marine fish stocks in Alaska waters. In: Is it food? Vol. pp. 45-53.
Nielsen, J. 1995. Immunological and hematological parameters in captive harbor seals (Phoca vitulina). Marine Mammal Science. 11:314-323.
Nielson, L. 1980. The East peak of La Perouse and Mount Bertha. AMAJ. 22:303-306.
Niezgoda, G.H., R.S. McKinley, D. White, G. Anderson, and D. Cote. 1998. A dynamic combined acoustic and radio transmitting tag for diadromous fish. Hydrobiologia. 371-372:47-52.
Nigro, M. 1973. Natural history field notes. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Nilsen, P. 1994. A Proposed framework for assessing the appropriateness of recreation activities in protected heritage areas. Parks Canada.
Nimon, A.J., R.C. Schroter, and B. Stonehouse. 1995. Heart rate of disturbed penguins. Nature. 374:415.
Nippes, W.E. 1991. Bering Sea hybrid Tanner crab, shellfish management report to Alaska Board of Fisheries, March 1991. Ak. Dept. Fish Game, Div. Comm. Fish. Manage. Dev., Unpubl. Rpt. Kodiak:-.
Nisbet. 1978. Recent changes in gull populations in the western North Atlantic. Ibis. 120:129-130.
Nishiwaki, M. Distribution and migration of the larger cetaceans in the North Pacific as shown by Japanese whaling results. In: Whales, Dolphins, and Porpoises. Vol. pp. 171-191.
Nishiwaki, M. 1959. Humpback whales in Ryukyuan waters. Scientific Reports of the Whales Research Institute. 14:49-87.
Nishiwaki, M. 1967. Distribution and migration of marine mammals in the North Pacific area. Bulletin of the Ocean Research Institute, University of Tokyo. 17:93-103.
Nitta, E.T., and J.J. Naughton. 1989. Species profiles: life histories and environmental requirements of coastal vertebrates and invertebrates Pacific Ocean region. Report 2: humpback whale, Megaptera novaeangliae. Southwest Region, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Honolulu, Hawaii.
Nizyaev, S.A., and V.Y. Fedoseev. 1990. Disorders of the reproductive cycle in crab females of the genus Paralithodes. Anchorage, Alaska.
Nizyaev, S.A., V.Y. Fedoseev, V.I. Myasoedov, and V.E. Rodin. 1990. Effect of hydrological conditions on harvest of populations of the king crab (Paralithodes camtschatica).
Nizyaev, S.A., and V.Y. Fedoseev. 1996. Causes of reduction in crab brood abundance and role in reproductive strategy. Alaska Sea Grant College Program. Anchorage, AK. 96-02.
NMFS. Appendix A: scallop fishery: definitions of terms. National marine fisheries service.
NMFS. 1988. Marine Mammal Protection Act of 1972: annual Report. U.S. National Marine Fisheries Service.
NMFS. 1988. Report to industry on the 1988 eastern Bering Sea crab survey. National Marine Fisheries Service.
NMFS. 1989. Marine Mammal Protection Act of 1972: annual Report; April 1, 1987 to June 30, 1988. U.S. National Marine Fisheries Service.
NMFS. 1991. Notice of initial harvest specifications for pollock and emergency interim rule to minimize the adverse effects of the pollock fishery on Steller Sea Lions. U.S. National Marine Fisheries Service.
NMFS. 1991. Recommendations for critical habitat for steller sea lions. U.S. National Marine Fisheries Service, Steller Sea Lion Recovery Team.
NMFS. 1991. Recovery plan for the steller sea lion (Eumetopias jubatus). U.S. National Marine Fisheries Service, Steller Sea Lion Recovery Team.
NMFS. 1991. Revised proposal to govern interactions between marine mammals and commercial fishing operations. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.
NMFS. 1991. Final Recovery Plan for the humpback whale (Megaptera novaeangliae). U.S, National Marine Fisheries Service, Humpback Whale Recovery Team, Silver Spring, MD. 105.
NMFS. 1992. Marine Mammal Protection Act of 1972, annual report: July 1, 1988 to December 31, 1989. U.S. National Marine Fisheries Service.
NMFS. 1992. Final Recovery Plan for Steller Sea Lions (Eumetopias jubatus). U.S. National Marine Fisheries Service, Steller Sea Lion Recovery Team.
NMFS. 1992. Notice of draft guidelines for approaching seals and sea lions. U.S. National Marine Fisheries Service.
NMFS. 1992. Environmental assessment for salmon fisheries in the EEZ and state waters off the coast of Alaska. National marine fisheries service.
NMFS, and NOAA. 1995. Threatened fish and wildlife; change in listing status of Steller sea lions under the endangered species act - proposed rule; request for comment. U.S. Department of Commerce, U.S. National Marine Fisheries Service, U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.
NMFS, NPFMC, and ADF&G. 1996. Fishery management plan for the scallop fishery off Alaska. National marine fishery service, North Pacific fishery management council, Alaska department of fish and game. Juneau, Alaska.
NMFS. 1997. 1997 Alaska marine mammal viewing guidelines.
NMFS. 1997. Impacts of california sea lions and pacific harbor seals on salmonids and on the coastal ecosystems of washington, oregon, and california. National Marine Fisheries Service. Seattle, WA.
NMFS. 1998. Marine Mammal Protection Act and Endangered Species Act implementation program 1997. National Marine Fisheries Service, National Marine Mammal Laboratory, Alaska Fisheries Science Center. Seattle.
NMFS. 1999. Marine Mammal Protection Act and Endangered Species Act implementation program 1998. National Marine Fisheries Service, National Marine Mammal Laboratory, Alaska Fisheries Science Center. Seattle.
NMFS-NPFMC. 1998. Impact review of a regulatory amendment for a local area halibut management plan for Sitka Sound. North Pacific Fishery Management Council. 605 W. 4th Avenue, Suite 306, Anchorage, Alaska 99501.
NMFS-NPFMC. 1998. Environmental assessment/regulatory impact review of a regulatory amendment for a local area halibut management plan for Sitka Sound. National Marine Fisheries Service, North Pacific Fishery Management Council. 605 W. 4th Avenue, Suite 306, Anchorage, Alaska 99501.
NMML. 1995. Status Review of the United States Steller sea lion (Eumetopias jubatus) population. National Marine Mammal Laboratory, NMFS, NOAA. Seattle, WA.
NOAA. Channel Islands National Marine Sanctuary.
NOAA. Gulf of the Farallones National Marine Sanctuary.
NOAA. National Marine Sanctuary Program.
NOAA. Channel Islands National Marine Sanctuary: Things to Do!
NOAA. 1983. Channel Islands National Marine Sanctuary Management Plan. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.
NOAA. 1983. Announcement of National Marine Sanctuary Program final site evaluation list. Federal Register. 48.
NOAA. 1984. Final environmental impact statement and management plan for the proposed Fagatele Bay National Marine Sanctuary. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.
NOAA. 1987. Gulf of the Farallones National Marine Sanctuary management plan. NOAA. Alexandria, Virginia.
NOAA. 1987. Status, biology, and ecology of fur seals - proceedings of an international symposium and workshop, Cambridge, England, 23-27 April 1984. National Oceanic Atmospheric Administration.
NOAA. 1988. National Marine Sanctuary Program regulations; final rule. Federal Register. 53.
NOAA. 1990. National Marine Sanctuary Program Status Report. NOAA.
NOAA. 1990. Monteray Bay National Marine Sanctuary Draft Environmental Impact Statement/Management Plan. NOAA.
NOAA. 1992. Icy Strait and Cross Sound. U.S. Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Ocean Service. Washington, D.C., USA.
NOAA. 1993. United States Coast Pilot. Pacific Coast Alaska: Dixon Entrance to Cape Spencer. U.S. Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Ocean Service, Washington, D.C., USA. pp.
NOAA. 1993. Glacier Bay. U.S. Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Ocean Service, Coast and Geodetic Survey. Washinton, D.C., USA.
NOAA. 1995. Conserving the nation's coasts and estuaries: a strategic plan for the National Estuarine Research Reserve System: a state and federal partnership. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.
NOAA. 1996. Marine mammal protection act of 1972: annual report. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Silver Springs, MD.
NOAA. 1996. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary final management plan/environmental impact statement, volume one: management plan. U.S. Department of Commerce, 319 pp.
NOAA. 1996. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary final management plan/environmental impact statement, volume two: development of the management plan: environmental impact statement. U.S. Department of Commerce, 245 pp.
NOAA. 1996. Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary final management plan/environmental impact statement, volume three: appendices. U.S. Department of Commerce, pp.
NOAA, USDOI, and ADF&G. 1998. Bering Sea ecosystem research plan. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
U.S. Department of Interior
Alaska Department of Fish and Game.
Noakes, D.L., D.G. Lindquist, G.S. Helfman, and J.A. Ward. 1983. Predators and prey in fish. The Hague, Netherlands. pp.
Noakes, D. 1986. Quantifying changes in British Columbia dungeness crab (Cancer magister) landings using intervention analysis. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 43:634-639.
Noble, M.G. 1976. Vascular cryptogams at a site deglaciated in 1880. American Fern Journal. 66:112.
Noble, M.G., and C.D. Sandgran. 1976. A floristic survey of Muir Point, Glacier Bay National Monument, Alaska. Torrey Botany Club Bulletin. 103:132-136.
Noble, M.G. 1982. Moss and sphagnum studies near Bartlett Cove, Glacier Bay. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Noble, M.G., D.B. Lawrence, and G.P. Streveler. 1983. Sphagnum invasion beneath an evergreen forest canopy: initiation of forest paludification in southeastern Alaska. Bryol. 87:119-127.
Nokleberg, W.J., and e. al. 1988. Brady Glacier, Ni-Cu deposits. In: Metallogeny and major mineral deposits of Alaska. U.S. Geological Survey.
Nokleberg, W.J. et al. 1994. Matallogeny and major mineral deposits of Alaska. In: G. Plafker and H.C. Berg (eds.), The Geology of Alaska. Vol. G-1, Chap 29. Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, pp. 855-903.
Nokleberg, W.J. et al. 1994. Map showing locations of metalliferous lode deposits and placer districts of Alaska. In: G. Plafker and H.C. Berg (eds.), The geology of Alaska. Vol. v. G-1 (GNA-G1), Plate 11, 1:2,500,000 scale. Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, pp.
Nokleberg, W.J., T.K. Bundtzen, D.A. Brew, and G. Plafker. 1995. Metallogenesis and tectonics of granitoid hosted Au and porphyry Cu and Mo deposits of Alaska. In: T.G. Schroeter (ed.), Porphyry deposits of the northwestern Cordillera-A sequel to CIM Special Volume 15. Vol. Special Volume 44. Canadian Institute of Mining, Metallurgy and Petroleum, pp. 103-141.
Noland, L.J., and T. Gallagher. 1989. Cross-cultural communication for land managers and planners in Alaska. Agroborealis. 21:18-23.
Norberg, R.A. 1981. Temporary weight decrease in breeding birds may result in more fledged young. Am. Nat. 118:838-850.
Norberg, J., and M. Tedengren. 1995. Attack behaviour and predatory success of Asterias rubens L. related to differences in size and morphology of the prey mussel Mytilus edulis L. Journal Of Experimental Marine Biology And Ecology. 186:207-220.
Norcross, B.L., F.-J. Muter, and B.A. Holladay. 1995. Habitat models for juvenile pleuronectids around Kodiak Island, Alaska, USA. In: Proceedings of the international symposium on north Pacific flatfish. Vol. Alaska Sea Grant College Program, Fairbanks, Alaska, pp. 151-175.
Nordøy, E.S., and A.S. Blix. 1992. Diet of minke whales in the northeastern Atlantic. Rep. Int. Whal. Commn. 42:393-398.
Norris, K.S., and B. Mohl. 1983. Can Odontocetes debilitate prey with sound? Am. Nat. 122:85-104.
Norris, K.S., and C.R. Schilt. 1988. Cooperative societies in three-dimentional space: on the origins of aggregations, flocks, and schools, with special reference to dolphins and fish.
Norris, T.F. 1995. Effects of boat noise on the singing behavior of humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae). M.S. Thesis, San Jose State University, San Jose, California. pp.
Norse, E.A. (ed). 1993. Global marine biological diversity. Island Press, Washington, D.C.
Covelo, California.
Noss, R.F. 1991. Sustainability and wilderness. Horm. & Beh.
Nowicki, S.N., I. Stirling, and B. Sjare. 1997. Duration of stereotyped underwater vocal displays by male Atlantic walruses in relation to aerobic dive limit. Marine Mammal Science. 13:566-575.
Nowlin, N. 1970. Index of current taxonomic research. American Society of Plant Taxonomists
Univ. of Kansas. Lawrence, Kansas.
Nowlis, J.S., and C.M. Roberts. 1999. Fisheries benefits and optimal design of marine reserves. Fish. Bull. 97:604-616.
NPA. 1946. Publications of National Parks and related topics; bibliography. National Parks Association.
NPFMC, ADF&G, and UW. 1982. Feeding Habits, Food Requirements, and Status of Bering Sea Marine Mammals. North Pacific Fishery Management Council/ Alaska Department of Fish and Game/ University of Washington.
NPFMC. 1987. Fishery management plan for the Gulf of Alaska groundfish fishery. North Pacific Fishery Management Council, Gulf of Alaska Groundfish Plan Team.
NPFMC. 1989. Fishery management plan for the commercial king and tanner crab fisheries in the Bering Sea/Aleutian Islands. North Pacific Fishery Management Council.
NPFMC. 1989. Environmental assessment for the Bering Sea/Aleutian Islands King and Tanner Crab Fishery Management Plan. North Pacific Fishery Management Council, Crab Plan Team.
NPFMC, NMFS, ADF&G, and IPHC. 1990. Environmental Assessment/Regulatory Impact Review/Initial Regulatory Flexibility Analysis for Amendment 21 to the Fishery Management Plan for Groundfish of the Gulf of Alaska and Amendment 16 to the Fishery Management Plan for Groundfish of the Bering Sea/Aleutian Islands. North Pacific Fishery Management Council, Plan Team for the Groundfish Fisheries of the Gulf of Alaska, Plan Team for the Groundfish Fishery of the Bering Sea/Aleutian Islands, National Marine Fisheries Service, Alaska Department of Fish and Game, International Pacific Halibut Commission.
NPFMC, NMFS, ADF&G, and ACFEC. 1994. Fishery management plan for the scallop fishery of the Gulf of Alaska, Bering Sea, and Aleutian Islands. North Pacific fishery management council, National marine fisheries service, Alaska departmeng of fish and game, Alaska commercial fisheries entry commission. Anchorage, Alaska.
NPFMC. 1994. Stock assessment and fishery evaluation report: ch. 6 & 7. North Pacific fishery management council.
NPFMC. 1996. Environmental assessment/ regulatory impact review for amendment 43 to the Bering Sea/ Aleutian Islands groundfish fishery management plan and amendment 43 to the Gulf of Alaska groundfish fishery management plan and a regulatory amendment to halibut IFQ regulations to increase the sweep-up levels under the halibut and sablefish IFQ block program. North Pacific fishery management council.
NPFMC. 1997. Environmental assessment/regulatory impact review of a regulatory amendment for a local area halibut managment plan for Sitka Sound. North Pacific Fishery Management Council.
NPFMC. 1998. Environmental assessment for Amendment 7 to the fishery management plan for the commercial king and tanner crab fisheries in the Bering Sea/ Aleutian Islands.
NPFMC, and ADF&G. 1998. Environmental assessment for amendment 6 to the fishery management plan for scallop fishery off Alaska. North Pacific fishery management council, Alaska department of fish and game.
NPS. 1989. Alsek river visitor use management plan.
NPS. 1995. Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve Vessel Management Plan and Environmental Assessment. U.S. National Park Service Alaska Region. Gustavus, Alaska.
NPS. 1996. National park service strategic plan: final draft.
NRC. 1996. The Bering Sea Ecosystem. National Research Council. Washington D.C.
NSF. 1978. Antarctic conservation act of 1978. National Science Foundation. Washington, D.C.
Nuechterlein, G.L. 1981. 'Information parasitism' in mixed colonies of Western Grebes and Forster's Terns. Animal Behavior. 29:985-989.
Nunnallee, E.P., E.F. Prentice, B.F. Jonasson, and W. Patten. 1998. Evaluation of a flat-plate PIT tag interrogation system at Bonnevile Dam. Aquacult. Eng. 17:261-272.
Nusser, S.M., F.J. Breidt, and W.A. Fuller. 1998. Design and estimation for investigating the dynamics of natural resources. Ecol. Appl. 8:234-245.
Nyborg, T.G., and V.L. Santucci. 1999. Death Valley National Park Paleontological Survey. U.S. National Park Service, Geologic Resources Division. Lakewood, CO.
Nysewander, D.R. 1983. Black-legged Kittiwake (Rissa tridactyla). In: P.A. Baird and P.J. Gould (eds.), The breeding biology and feeding ecology of marine birds in the Gulf of Alaska. Vol. 45. U.S. Department of Commerce, National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration, Anchorage, Alaska, USA, pp. 295-347.
Nysewander, D.R., and J.L. Trapp. 1984. Widespread mortality of adult seabirds in Alaska, August - September 1983. US Fish and Wildlife Service, Anchorage. Anchorage, AK.
O'Brien, N.R., and D.C. Burrell. 1970. Mineralogy and distribution of clay size sediment in Glacier Bay, Alaska. J. Reproductive Fertility, Suppl. 40:650-655.
O'Clair, C.E., R.P. Stone, and J.L. Freese. Movements and habitat use of Dungeness crabs and the Glacier Bay fishery.
O'Clair, C.E. 1981. Disturbance and diversity in a boreal marine community: The role of intertidal scouring by sea ice. In: D.W. Hood and J.A. Calder (eds.), The eastern Bering Sea shelf: oceanography and resources. Vol. II. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Seattle, Washington, pp. 1105-1130.
O'Clair, C.E., and L. Freese. 1985. Responses of Dungeness crabs, (Cancer Magister) exposed to bark debris from benthic deposits at log transfer facilities: Survival, feeding, and reproduction. Alaska Sea Grant College Program. Fairbanks, Alaska.
O'Clair, C.E., and S.T. Zimmerman. 1986. Biogeography and ecology of intertidal and shallow subtidal communities. U.S. National Marine Fisheries Service, Auke Bay Laboratory.
O'Clair, C.E., and J.L. Freese. 1988. Reproductive condition of Dungeness crabs (Cancer magister) at or near log transfer facilities in southeastern Alaska. Marine Environmental Research. 26:57-81.
O'Clair, C.E., R.P. Stone, and J.L. Freese. 1990. Movements and habitat use of Dungeness crabs in Glacier Bay fishery. U.S. National Park Service. Glacier Bay National Park & Preserve, AK. 1988.
O'Clair, R.M., R.H. Armstrong, and R. Carstensen. 1992. The nature of southeast Alaska: A guide to plants, animals, and habitats. Bothell, WA. 256 pp.
O'Clair, C.E., J.L. Freese, R.P. Stone, T.C. Shirley, E.H. Leder, S.J. Taggart, and G.H. Kruse. 1995. Nearshore distribution and abundance of Dungeness crabs in Glacier Bay National Park, Alaska. U.S. National Park Service. Glacier Bay National Park & Preserve, Alaska. 1993.
O'Clair, R.M., S.C. Lindstrom, and I.R. Brodo. 1996. Southeast Alaska's rocky shores seaweeds and lichens. Plant Press, Auke Bay, Alaska. 151 pp.
O'Clair, C.E., T.C. Shirley, and S.J. Taggart. 1996. Dispersion of adult Cancer magister at Glacier Bay, Alaska: variation with spatial scale, sex, and reproductive status. Alaska Sea Grant College Program. Anchorage, Alaska, USA. 96-02.
O'Clair, R.M., and C.E. O'Clair. 1998. Southeast Alaska Rocky Shores: Animals. Plant Press, Auk Bay, AK. 564 pp.
O'Connell, V.M. 1987. Reproductive seasons for some Sebastes species in southeastern Alaska. Alaska Department of Fish and Game.
O'Connell, V.M. 1993. Subersible observations on lingcod, opiodon elongatus, Nesting below 30m of Sitka, Alaska. Marine Fisheries Review. 55:19-24.
O'Connell, V.M., and D.W. Carlile. 1993. Habitat-Specific Density of Adult Yelloweye Rockfish Sebastes-Ruberrimus in the Eastern Gulf of Alaska. U S National Marine Fisheries Service Fishery Bulletin. 91:304-309.
O'Connell, V.M., and D.W. Carlile. 1994. Comparison of a remotely operated vehicle and a submersible for estimating abundance of demersal shelf rockfishes in the Eastern Gulf of Alaska. North American Journal of Fisheries Management. 14:196-201.
O'Connell, V.M., M.A. Cartwright, C.K. Brylinsky, B. Richardson, and D. Holum. 1997. 1995 report to the Alaska board of fisheries: region I groundfish fisheries. Alaska department of fish and game. Juneau, AK.
O'Connor, R.J. 1974. Feeding behavior of the Kittiwake. Bird Study. 21:185-192.
O'Connor, M.P., L.C. Zimmerman, D.E. Ruby, S.J. Bulova, and J.R. Spotila. 1994. Home range size and movements by desert tortoises, Gopherus agassizii, in the eastern Mojave Desert. Herpetological Monographs. 60-71.
O'Corry-Crowe, G. 1997. Analysis of genetic and behavioural differences among harbor seal populations in Alaska using microsatellite DNAs: preliminary findings. Alaska Department of Fish and Game, Division of Wildlife Conservation. Anchorage, AK.
O'Corry-Crowe, G.M., and L.F. Lowry. 1997. Genetic ecology and management concerns for the beluga whale (Delphinapterus leucas). In: A.E. Dizon, S.J. Chivers and W.F. Perrin (eds.), Molecular Genetics of Marine Mammals. Vol. 3. Society for Marine Mammalogy, pp. 249-274.
O'Corry-Crowe, G.M., and R.L. Westlake. 1997. Molecular investigations of spotted seals (Phoca largha) and harbor seals (Phoca vitulina), and their relationship in areas of sympatry. In: A.E. Dizon, S.J. Chivers and W.F. Perrin (eds.), Molecular Genetics of Marine Mammals. Vol. 3. Society for Marine Mammalogy, pp. 291-304.
O'Dor, R. 1990. An introduction to the Jet Set. Can. J. Zool. 68:763-764.
O'Harra, D. 1996. Tiger of the gulf. Anchorage, AK.
O'Keefe, T. 1990. Holistic (new) forestry: significant difference or just another gimmick? J. Fisheries Biol. 88:23-24.
O'Loughlin, J. 1990. Has participatory democracy killed forest planning? J. Fisheries Biol. 88:19.
O'Shea, T.J., R.R. Reeves, and A.K. Long. 1998. Marine mammals and persistent ocean contaminants. Keystone, Colorado.
Oberg, K. 1973. The social economy of the Tlingit Indians. University of Washingon, Seattle. pp.
Oberg, K. 1976. Crime and punishment in Tlingit society. In: T. McFeat (ed.), Indians of the North Pacific Coast. Vol. University of Washington Press, Seattle, pp. 209-222.
Obst, B.S., and G.L. Hunt, Jr. 1990. Marine birds feed at gray whale mud plumes in the Bering Sea. Auk. 107:678-688.
Ochoa, J.L., A. Sanchez-Paz, A. Cruz-Villacorta, E. Nunez-Vazquez, and A. Sierra-Beltran. 1997. Toxic events in the northwest Pacific coastline of Mexico during 1992-1995: origin and impact. Hydrobiologia. 352:195-200.
Odell, D.K. 1690. Breeding biology of the California sea lion, Zalophus californianus. Rapp. P.-v. Réun. Cons. int. Explor. Mer. 169:374-378.
Ofelt, C.H. 1975. Food habits of nesting bald eagles in southeast Alaska. The Condor. 77:337-338.
Oftedal, O.T. 1997. Lactation in whales and dolphins: evidence of divergence between ballen- and toothed- species. Journal of mammary gland biology and neoplasia. 2:205-230.
Ogi, H., and K. Shiomi. 1991. Diet of murres caught incidentally during winter in Northern Japan. Auk. 108:184-185.
Ohizumi, H., and N. Miyazaki. 1998. Feeding rate and daily energy intake of Dall's porpoise in the northeastern Sea of Japan. Proceedings of the National Institute of Polar Research Symposium on Polar Biology. 11:74-81.
Ohlendorf, H.M. 1990. Marine birds and trace elements in the temperate North Pacific. Canadian Wildlife Service. Royal British Columbia Museum, Victoria, B.C.
Ohsumi, S., and Y. Masaki. 1975. Japanese whale marking in the north pacific, 1963-1972. Bull. Far Seas Fish. Res. Lab. 12:171-219.
Oien, N., L. Folkow, and C. Lydersen. 1990. Dive time experiments on minke whales in Norwegian waters during the 1988 season. Report of the International Whaling Commission. 40:337-341.
Okamoto, K. 1999. Tag retention, growth, and survival of the swimming crab, Portunus trituberculatus marked with coded wire tags. Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi. 65:703-708.
Oldfield, M.L. 1988. Threatened mammals affected by human exploitation of the female-offspring bond. Cons. Biology. 2:260-274.
Oleksa, M. 1992. Orthodox Alaska: a theology of mission. St. Vladimir's Seminary Press, Crestwood, NJ. pp.
Olesiuk, P.F., and M.A. Bigg. 1988. Seals and sea lions on the British Columbia coast. Minister of Supply and Services, Canada.
Olesiuk, P.F., M.A. Bigg, and G.M. Ellis. 1990. Individual recognition of cetaceans: Use of photo-identification and other techniques to estimate population parameters. Rep. Int. Whaling Comm. La Jolla, CA. no. 12.
Olesiuk, P.F., M.A. Bigg, and G.M. Ellis. 1990. Life history and population dynamics of resident killer whales (Orcinus orca) in the coastal waters of British Columbia and Washington state. Report of the International Whaling Commission. Special Issue. 12:209-243.
Olesiuk, P.F., M.A. Bigg, and G.M. Ellis. 1990. Recent trends in the abundance of harbor seals, Phoca vitulina, in British Columbia. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 47:992-1003.
Olesiuk, P.F., M.A. Bigg, G.M. Ellis, S.J. Crockford, and R.J. Wigen. 1990. An assessment of the feeding habits of harbour seals (Phoca vitulina) in the Strait of Georgia, British Columbia, based on scat analysis. Canadian Technical Report of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, Department of Fisheries and Oceans.
Olesiuk, P.F., D. Burles, and G. Horonowitsch. 1993. Aerial censuses of pinnipeds in the Queen Charlotte Islands, 1 july - 1 August, 1992. Department of Fisheries and Oceans. Nanaimo, British Columbia.
Olesiuk. 1993. Annual prey consumption by harbor seals (Phoca vitulina) in the Strait of Georgia, British Columbia. 91:491-515.
Olive, C.W. 1982. Behavioral response of a sit-and-wait predator to spatial variation in foraging gain. Ecology. 63:912--20.
Oliveira, E., S. Masunari, and A.H. Gaida Sicuro. 1995. A trap for capturing Porcellanidae (Crustacea, Decapoda) from midlittoral of rocky shores. Rev. Bras. Zool. 12.
Oliver, J.S., and R.G. Kvitek. 1984. Side-scan sonar records and diver observations of the gray whale (Eschrichtius robustus) feeding grounds. Biological Bulletin (Woods Hole). 167:264-269.
Oliver, G.T., and e. al. 1985. Estimated contribution from Alaska and Canada stocks to the catches of sockeye salmon in southern SE Alaska, 1981 and 1983 based on scale pattern analysis. Alaska Department of Fish and Game.
Ollason, J.C., and G.M. Dunnet. 1988. Variation in breeding success in Fulmars. In: T.H. Clutton-Brock (ed.), Reproductive Success: Studies of Individual Variation in Contrasting Breeding Systems. Vol. University of Chicago Press, Chicago, pp. 263-278.
Olliff, T., K. Legg, and B. Kaeding. 1999. Effects of winter recreation on wildlife of the greater Yellowstone area: a literature review and assessment. 315 pp.
Olsen, B., D.C. Duffy, T.G.T. Jaenson, A. Gylfe, J. Bonnedahl, and S. Bergstrom. 1995. Transhemispheric exchange of Lyme disease spirochetes by seabirds. Journal of Clinical Microbiology. 33:3270-3274.
Olson, R.L. 1927. Adze, canoe, and house types of the Northwest Coast. University of Washington Publications in Anthropology. 2:
Olson, R.L. 1933. Clan and Moiety in Native America. Univ. Ak. Sea Grant Coll. Prog. 33:351-421.
Olson, R.L. 1936. Some trading customs of the Chilkat Tlingit. In: R.H. Lowie (ed.), Essays in Anthropology presented to A.L. Kroeber. Vol. University of California Press, Berkely, pp. 211-214.
Olson, R.L. 1956. Channeling of character in Tlingit society. In: D.G. Haring (ed.), Personal character and cultural milieu: a collection of readings. Vol. Syracuse University Press, Syracuse, NY, pp. 675-687.
Olson, F.C.W. 1964. The survival value of fish schooling. J. Northwest Atl. Fish. Sci. 29:115-116.
Olson, W.M. 1991. The Tlingit, an introduction to their culture and history. Heritage Research, Auke Bay, Alaska. 81 pp.
Olson, W.M. 1993. With Vancouver in Alaska, 1793-1794. Heritage Research, Auke Bay, AK. 22 pp.
Olson, A.F., and T.P. Quinn. 1993. Vertical and horizontal movements of adult chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) in the Columbia River estuary. Fish. Bull. 91:171-178.
Olson, O.G., D.R. Engstrom, and S.C. Fritz. 1995. Long-term changes in zooplankton community structure inferred from chronosequence of lakes in Glacier Bay National Park, Alaska. U.S. National Park Service. Glacier Bay National Park & Preserve, AK. 1993.
Olson, M.H. 1996. Ontogenetic niche shifts in largemouth bass: variability and consequences for first-year growth. Ecology. 77:179-190.
Olsthoorn, J.C.M., and J.B. Nelson. 1990. The availability of breeding sites for some British seabirds. Bird Study. 37:145-164.
Omura, H. Biological study on humpback whales in the Antarctic whaling area IV and V. Scientific Reports of the Whales Research Institute. 8:81-102.
Ono, K.A. 1995. Sexual dimorphism in sea lion pups: differential maternal investment , or sex-specific differences in energy allocation? Behav. Ecol. & Sociobiol. 38:31-41.
Onstott, T., C., V.B. Sisson, and D.L. Turner. 1989. Initial argon in amphiboles from the Chugach mountains, southern Alaska. Journal of Geophysical Research. 94:4361-4372.
Orensanz, J.M., A.M. Parma, and O.O. Iribarne. Population dynamics and management of natural stocks. In: Sarsia. Vol. pp. 625-713.
Orensanz, J.M., and V.F. Gallucci. 1988. Comparative study of postlarval life-history schedules in four sympatric species of Cancer (Decapoda: Brachyura: Cancridae). Journal of Crustacean Biology. 8(2):187-220.
Orensanz, J.M., D.A. Armstrong, and R. Hilborn. 1998. Crustacean resources are vulnerable to serial depletion - the multifaceted decline of crab and shrimp fisheries in the Greater Gulf of Alaska. Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries. 8:118-176.
Orensanz, J.M., A.M. Parma, and M.A. Hall. 1998. The analysis of concentration and crowding in shellfish research. In: G. Jamieson and A. Campbell (eds.), Proceedings of the North Pacific symposium on invertebrate stock assessment and management. Vol. 125. Canadian Special Publication of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, pp. 143-157.
Orensanz, J.M., and G.S. Jamieson. 1998. The assessment and management of spatially structured stocks: An overview of the North Pacific Symposium on Invertebrate Stock Assssment and Management. In: G. Jamieson and A. Campbell (eds.), Proceedings of the North Pacific symposium on invertebrate stock assessment and management. Vol. 125. Canadian Special Publication of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, pp. 441-459.
Orenstein, R.I. 1972. Tool-use by the New Caledonian Crow (Corvus moneduloides). Auk. 89:674-676.
Oro, D., M. Bosch, and X. Ruiz. 1995. Effects of a trawling moratorium on the breeding success of the Yellow-legged Gull Larus cachinnans. Ibis. 137:547-549.
Oro, D. 1996. Effects of trawler discard availability on egg laying and breeding success in the Lesser Black-backed Gull Larus fuscus in the Western Mediterranean. Marine Ecol. Prog. Rep. 132:43-46.
Orsi, J.A., and A.G. Celewycz. Salmon tracking in the marine waters of southeast Alaska. Alaska's Wildlife.
Orsi, J.A. 1987. Small versus large trolling lures for sampling juvenile chinook salmon and coho salmon. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society. 116:50-53.
Orsi, J.A., and A.G. Celewycz. 1992. King salmon tracking in the marine waters of Southeast Alaska. Auke Bay laboratory
Alaska fisheries science center
National marine fisheries service
National OCeanic and atmospheric administration.
Orsi, J.A., and A.C. Wertheimer. 1995. Marine Vertical Distribution of Juvenile Chinook and Coho Salmon in Southeastern Alaska. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society. 124:159-169.
Orsi, J.A., and H.W. Jaenicke. 1996. Marine distribution and origin of prerecruit chinook salmon, Oncorhynchus tshawytscha, in southeastern Alaska. Fishery Bulletin (Washington D C). 94:482-497.
Orth, D.J. 1967. Dictionary of Alaska place names. US. Government printing office, pp.
Osborn, O.S. 1970. Dungeness crab research: a study of the growth and molt patterns of the adult Dungeness crab (Cancer magister Dana) in Southeast Alaska. Alaska Department of Fish and Game, Commercial Fisheries Management and Development Division. Juneau, Alaska.
Osborne, R.W., F.L. Felleman, and J.R. Heimlich-Boran. A review of orca natural history. Cetus. 6:9-11.
Osborne, R.W. 1986. A behavioral budget of Puget Sound killer whales. In: B.C. Kirkevold and J.S. Lockard (eds.), Behavioral biology of killer whales. Vol. A.R. Liss, New York, pp. 211-250.
Osburn, R.C. Bryozoans of the Pacific Coast of America 3 parts Allan Hancock Foundation Pacific Expedition. 841 pp.
Osenberg, C.a.G.G.M. 1989. Effects of body size on the predator-prey interaction between Pumpkinseed sunfish and gastropods. Ecol. Monogr. 59:405-432.
Osenberg, C.W., R.J. Schmitt, S.J. Holbrook, K.E. Abu-Saba, and A.R. Flegal. 1994. Detection of Environmental impacts: Natural variability, effect size, and power analysis. Ecol. Appl. 4:16-30.
Osenberg, C.W., and R.J. Schmitt. 1994. Detection human impacts in marine environments. Ecol. Appl. 4:1-20.
Osmek, S., P. Rosel, A. Dizon, and R.L. DeLong. 1994. Harbor porpoise Phocoena phocoena population assesssment studies for Oregon and Washington in 1993. Office of Protected Resources, NMFS, NOAA, 1335 East-West Hwy, Silver Spring, MD 20910.
Osterhaus, A.D.M.E., J. Groen, P. De Vries, F.G.C.M. UytdeHaag, B. Klingeborn, and R. Zarnke. 1988. Canine distemper virus in seals. 335.
Osterhaus, A.D.M.E., and E.J. Vedder. 1988. Identification of virus causing recent seal deaths. 335.
Ostman, J.S.O. 1994. Social organization and social behavior of Hawaiian spinner dolphins. Doctor of Philosophy, University of California, Santa Cruz. 114 pp.
Ostrand, W.D., G.S. Drew, R.M. Suryan, and L.L. McDonald. 1998. Evaluation of radio-tracking and strip transect methods for determining foraging ranges of Black-legged Kittiwakes. The Condor. 100:709-718.
Oswood, M.W., and W.E. Barber. Undated. Fisheries habitat survey. U.S. Forest Service, Tongass National Forest, Ketchikan.
Otto, R.S. 1984. A summary on the size at maturity and reproductive biology of golden king crab with proposed size limits. U.S. National Marine Fisheries Service.
Otto, R.S., and P.A. Cummiskey. 1985. Observations on the reproductive biology of the golden king crab (Lithodes aequispina) in the Bering Sea and Aleutian Islands. U.S. National Marine Fisheries Service.
Otto, R.S. 1990. An overview of eastern Bering Sea king and Tanner crab fisheries. Anchorage, Alaska.
Otto, R.S., and P.A. Cummiskey. 1990. Growth of adult male blue crab (Paralithodes platypus). Anchorage, Alaska.
Otto, R.S., R.A. MacIntosh, and P.A. Cummiskey. 1990. Fecundity and other reproductive parameters of female red king crab (Paralithodes camtschatica) in Bristol Bay and Norton Sound, Alaska.
Otto, R.S., and R.A. MacIntosh. 1996. Observations on the biology of the Lithodid crab Paralomis spinosissima from the Southern Ocean near South Georgia. Alaska Sea Grant College Program. Anchorage, AK (USA). 96-02.
Otto, R.S. 1998. Assessment of the eastern Bering Sea snow crab, Chionoecetes opilio, stock under the terminal molting hypothesis. In: G. Jamieson and A. Campbell (eds.), Proceedings of the North Pacific symposium on invertebrate stock assessment and management. Vol. 125. Canadian Special Publication of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, pp. 109-124.
Ouellet, P., and C.T. Taggart. 1992. Lipid condition and survival in shrimp (Pandalus borealis) larve. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 49:368-378.
Outer Continental Shelf Environmental Assessment Program. 1986. Marine fisheries: resources and environments. In: D.W. Hood and S.T. Zimmerman (eds.), The Gulf of Alaska: physical environment and biological resources. Vol. MMSP number: OCS study, MMS 86-0095. Minerals Management Service Publications (MMSP), Ocean Assessments Division, pp. 417-458.
Ovenshine, A.T. 1967. Provenance of recent glacial ice in lower Glacier Bay, southeastern Alaska. U.S. Geological Survey.
Ovenshine, A.T. 1970. Observations of iceberg rafting in Glacier Bay, Alaska, and the identification of ancient ice-rafted deposits. Geological Society of America Bulletin. 81:891-894.
Ovenshine, A.T., and D.A. Brew. 1972. Separation and history of the Chatham Strait Fault, southeast Alaska, North America.
Overholtz, W.J., and J.R. Nicholas. 1979. Apparent feeding by the fin whale, Balaenoptera physalus, and humpback whale, Megaptera novaeangliae, on the American sand lance, Ammodytes americanus, in the northwest Atlantic. 77:285-287.
Overholtz, W.J., S.F. Edwards, and J.K.T. Brodziak. 1993. Strategies for rebuilding and harvesting New England groundfish resources. Alaska Sea Grant College Program. University of Alaska Fairbanks. 93-02.
Owen, D.L., and J.E. Blackburn. 1984. Tanner crab and bottomfish trawl survey of northern Shelikof Strait, Uyak and Uganik Bays, and the Chignik area, July and August 1982. Alaska Department of Fish and Game.
Oxman, D.S. 1995. Seasonal abundance, movements, and food habits of harbor seals (Phoca vitulina richardsi) in Elkhorn Slough, California. Master of Science, California State University, Stanislaus. 126 pp.
Pace, M.L., S.E.G. Findlay, and D. Lints. 1991. Variance in zooplankton samples: evaluation of a predictive model. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 48:146-151.
Packer, C., D.A. Gilbert, A.E. Pusey, and S.J. O'Brien. 1991. A molecular genetic analysis of kinship and cooperation in African lions. Nature. 351:562-565.
Paddack, M.J. 1998. Results of a temperate reef marine reserve study and implications for use of marine reserves in nearshore fisheries management. In: O. Magoon, H. Converse, B. Baird and M. Miller-Henson (eds.), California and the world ocean '97. Vol. Asce, Reston, VA (USA), pp. 395-399.
Paddack, M.J., and J.A. Estes. 2000. Kelp forest fish populations in marine reserves and adjacent exploited areas of central California. Ecol. Appl. 10:855-870.
Page, R. 1969. The Fairweather fault ten years after the southeast Alaska earthquake of 1958. Seismological Society of America Bulletin. 59:1927-1936.
Page, R., and J. Lahr. 1971. Measurements for fault slip on the Denali, Fairweather, and Castle Mountain faults, Alaska. Journal of Geophysical Research. 76:8534-8543.
Page, G., and D.F. Whitacre. 1975. Raptor predation on wintering shorebirds. The Condor. 77:73-83.
Pahlke, K.A. 1985. Preliminary studies of capelin (Mallotus villosus) in Alaskan waters. Alaska Department of Fish & Game.
Pahlke, K. 1989. Length conversion equations for sockeye, chinook, chum, and coho salmon in southeast Alaska. Alaska Department of Fish and Game.
Paige, B. 1975. Gull nesting failures-Marble Islands. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park. Gustavus.
Paige, B. 1992. Records of gray whales in Glacier Bay National Park.
Paine, R.T. 1986. Old problems and new perspectives in marine community ecology. Estud. Oceanol. 5:9-18.
Paine, R.T., J.T. Wootton, and P.D. Boersma. 1990. Direct and indirect effects of Peregrine Falcon predation on seabird abundance. Auk. 107:1-9.
Pak, H., D.A. Kiefer, and J.C. Kitchen. 1987. Meridonal variations in the concentration of chlorophyll and microparticles in the Pacific Ocean. Deep Sea Res. 35:1151-1171.
Palmer, W. 1899. The avifauna of the Pribilof Islands. In: D.S. Jordan (ed.), The Fur Seals and Fur-Seal Islands of the North Pacific Ocean, Part 3. Treasury Department Document 2017. Vol. United States Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C., pp. 355-431.
Palmer, V., D. McSweeney, and C.M. Juracz. 1980. Possible sexing technique for humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae). Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Science. 37:2362-2364.
Palsboll, P.J. et al. 1995. Distribution of mtDNA haplotypes in North Atlantic humpback whales: the influence of behaviour on population structure. Marine Ecol. Prog. Rep. 116:1-10.
Palsboll, P.J. et al. 1997. Genetic tagging of humpback whales. Nature. 388:767-769.
Paludan, K. 1955. Some behaviour patterns of Rissa tridactyla. Videnskabelige Meddelelser Dansk Naturhistorisk Foreining i Kobenhavn. 117:1-21.
Panek, F.M. Recreational fishing in the national parks, why is there a question? Fisheries. 19:6.
Panek, F.M. 1995. Preservation and management of marine and coastal fisheries in the National Park system: a review of research programs. Natural Areas Journal. 15:7-11.
Pardue, D.R., D. Wicklund, and J. Swearingen. 1989. Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve collection management plan. U.S. National Park Service.
Parker, R.R., and W. Kirkness. 1956. King salmon and the ocean troll fishery of Southeastern Alaska. Alaska department of fisheries. Juneau, AK.
Parker, K.S. 1989. Influence of Oceanographic and meteorological processes on the recruitment of Pacific halibut, hippoglossus stenolepis, in the Gulf of Alaska. Can. Spec. Pub. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 108:221-237.
Parker, K.S., T.C. Royer, and R.B. Deriso. 1995. High-latitude climate forcing and tidal mixing by the 18.6-year lunar nodal cycle and low-frequency recruitment trends in Pacific halibut (Hippoglossus stenolepis). Can. Spec. Pub. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 121:447-459.
Parma, A.M., and R.B. Deriso. 1990. Experimental harvesting of cyclic stocks in the face of alternative recruitment hypotheses. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 47:595-610.
Parma, A.M. 1993. Retrospective catch-at-age analysis of Pacific halibut: Implications on assessment of harvesting policies. Alaska Sea Grant College Program. Anchorage, Alaska. 93-02.
Parmelee, D.F., and J.M. Parmelee. 1988. Ravens observed killing roosting kittiwakes. The Condor. 90:952.
Parrish, J.K. 1995. Influence of group size and habitat type on reproductive success in Common Murres (Uria aalge). Auk. 112:390-401.
Parsons, T.R., Y. Maita, and C.M. Lalli. 1984. A manual of chemical and biological methods for sea water analysis. Pergamon, Oxford. 173 pp.
Parsons, D.J., and T.J. Stohlgren. 1987. Impacts of visitor use on backcountry campsites in Sequoia and Kings Canyon national parks, California. University of California, Davis. Davis.
Parsons, T.R., and C.M. Lalli. 1988. Comparative oceanic ecology of the plankton communities of the subarctic Atlantic and Pacific oceans. Oceanogr. 26:317-359.
Pascual, M.A., and M.D. Adkison. 1994. The decline of the Steller sea lion in the Northeast Pacific: demography, harvest or environemnt? Ecol. Appl. 4:393-403.
Patenaude, N.J., and C.S. Baker. 1998. Observations of southern right whales on New Zeland's subantarctia wintering grounds. Marine Mammal Science. 14:350-355.
Paterson, R., and P. Paterson. 1989. The status of the recovering stock of humpback whales Megaptera novaeangliae in East Australian waters. Biol. Cons. 47:33-48.
Paterson, R.A. 1991. The migration of humpback whales Megaptera Novaeangliae in east Australian waters. Mem. Queensl. Mus. 30:333-341.
Patrick, P.H., B. Sim, and G. Hunt. 1991. Range detection of targets using hydroacoustics in the laboratory. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 48:290-295.
Patten, S.M., and A.R. Weisbrod. 1974. Sympatry and interbreeding of herring and glaucous-winged gulls in southeastern Alaska. The Condor. 76:343-344.
Patten, S.M. 1974. Breeding ecology of the glaucous-winged gull (Larus glaucescens) in Glacier Bay, Alaska. University of Washington, Seattle.
Patten, R. 1975. Marine mammals. In: Streveler, G.P. and
I.A. Worley (eds). Dixon Harbor Biological Survey, final report on the summer phase of 1974 research. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Patten, S.M. 1975. Birds. In: Streveler, G.P. and I.A. Worley (eds). Dixon Harbor Biological Survey, final report on the summer phase of the 1974 research. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Patten, S.M. 1980. Interbreeding and evolution in the Larus glaucenscens - Larus aggentatus complex on the south coast of Alaska. Ph.D. Dissertation, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, pp.
Patten, S. 1981. Seasonal use of coastal habitat from Yakutat Bay to Cape Fairweather by migratory seabirds, shorebirds and waterfowl.
Patten, S.M. 1981. Seasonal use of coastal habitat from Yakutat Bay to Cape Fairweather by migratory seabirds, shorebirds and waterfowl. U.S. Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.
Patten, S.M. 1981. Glaucous-Winged Gull. University of Alaska. Gustavus.
Patterson, T.L., L. Petrinovich, and D.K. James. 1980. Reproductive value and appropriateness of response to predators by White-crowned Sparrows. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology. 7:227-231.
Patterson, J.B. 1991. Contents of digestive tracts in 32 pine martens, Glacier Bay, Alaska. Humboldt State University.
Paul, W. 1939. Historical and legal material relative to the Tlingit and Haida claims act of 1935. University of Washington.
Paul, F. 1944. Spruce root basketry of the Alaskan Tlingit. Indian Handcrafts 8, Education Division, U.S. Indian Service. Lawrence, KS. 8.
Paul, A.J., A.E. Adams, J.M. Paul, H.M. Feder, and W. Donaldson. 1983. Some aspects of reproductive biology of the crab Chionoecetes bairdi. Alaska Sea Grant.
Paul, A.J., and A.E. Adams. 1984. Breeding and fertile period for female Chionoecetes Bairdi (Decapoda, Majidae). Journal of Crustacean Biology. 4:589-594.
Paul, A.J. 1984. Mating frequency and viability of stored sperm in the Tanner crab Chionoecetes Bairdi (Decapoda, Majidae). Journal of Crustacean Biology. 4:375-381.
Paul, J.M., and A.J. Paul. 1986. Encrusting barnacles as ageable tags on Gulf of Alaska Chionoecetes bairdi (Decapoda). University of Alaska, Sea Grant College Program. 86-2, Fairbanks:28.
Paul, A.J., and A. Fuji. 1989. Bioenergetics of the Alaskan crab Chionoecetes bairdi (Decapoda: Majidae). J Crustacean Biol. 9:25-36.
Paul, J.M., and A.J. Paul. 1990. Breeding success of sublegal size male red king crab Paralithodes camtschatica (Tilesius, 1815) (Decapoda, Lithodidae). Journal of Shellfish Research. 9:29-32.
Paul, A.J. 1990. King crab larvae--food concentrations and growth.
Paul, A.J. 1990. King crab larvae--energy sources.
Paul, A.J., and J.M. Paul. 1990. The size at the onset of maturity in male Chionoecetes bairdi (Decapoda, Majidae). Anchorage, Alaska.
Paul, J.M., and A.J. Paul. 1990. Reproductive sucess of sublegal size male red king crab with access to multiple mates. Anchorage, Alaska.
Paul, J.M., A.J. Paul, R.S. Otto, and R.A. Macintosh. 1991. Spermatophore presence in relation to carapace length for eastern Bering Sea blue king crab (Paralithodes platypus, Brandt, 1850) and red king crab (Paralithodes camtschatica (Tilesius, 1815). Journal of Shellfish Research. 10:157-164.
Paul, A.J. 1992. A review of size at maturity in male tanner (Chionoecetes bairdi) and king (Paralithodes camtschatica) crabs and the methods used to determine maturity. Amer. Zool. 32:534-540.
Paul, A.J., and J.M. Paul. 1992. Second clutch viability of Chionoecetes bairdi Rathbun (Decapoda: Majidae) inseminated only at the maturity molt. J. Crust. Biol. 12:438-441.
Paul, A.J., J.M. Paul, and R.L. Smith. 1994. Energy and ration requirements of juvenile Pacific halibut (Hippoglossus stenolepis) based on energy consumption and growth rates. J. Field Ornith. 44:1023-1031.
Paul, J.M., A.J. Paul, and A. Kilmer. 1994. Compensatory feeding capacity of 2 brachyuran crabs, tanner and dungeness, after starvation periods like those encountered in pots. AK. Fish. Res. Bull. 1:184-187.
Paul, A.J., and J.M. Paul. 1995. Changes in chela heights and carapace lengths in mature mal red king crabs paralithodes camtschaticus after molting in the laboratory. AK. Fish. Res. Bull. 2:164-167.
Paul, A.J., and J.M. Paul. 1995. Molting of functionally mature male Chionoecetes bairdi Rathbun (Decapoda: Majidae) and changes in carapace and chela measurements. Journal of Crustacean Biology. 15:686-692.
Paul, A.J., J.M. Paul, and W.E. Donaldson. 1995. Shell condition and breeding success in tanner crabs. Journal Of Crustacean Biology. 15:476-480.
Paul, J.M., and A.J. Paul. 1996. A note on mortality and injury rates of male Chionoecetes bairdi (Decapoda, Majidae) competing for multiparous mates. Alaska Sea Grant College Program. Anchorage, AK (USA). 96-02.
Paul, A.J., and J.M. Paul. 1996. A note on energy costs of molting and egg production for female king crab (Paralithodes camtschaticus). Alaska Sea Grant College Program. Anchorage, AK (USA). 96-02.
Paul, A.J., and J.M. Paul. 1996. Changes in carapace and chela measurements of fuctionally mature male Chionoecetes bairdi held in the laboratory. Alaska Sea Grant College Program. Anchorage, AK (USA). 96-02.
Paul, A.J., and J.M. Paul. 1996. Growth assays with first feeding zoeae of king crab (Paralithodes camtschaticus, Decapoda, Lithodidae), in a plankton community of a deep Fjord. Alaska Sea Grant College Program. Anchorage, AK (USA). 96-02.
Paul, A.J., and J.M. Paul. 1996. Male Tanner crab carapace widths at previous intermolt estimated from laboratory growth, Kachemak Bay, Alaska. Alaska Department of Fish and Game. Homer, Alaska.
Paul, A.J., and J.M. Paul. 1996. Observations on mating of multiparous Chionoecetes bairdi rathbun (decapoda: majidae) held with different sizes of males and one-clawed males. Journal of Crustacean Biology. 16:295-299.
Paul, A.J. 1996. Summary report of the international workshop on research needs. Alaska Sea Grant College Program. Anchorage, AK. 96-02.
Paul, J.M., A.J. Paul, and W.E. Barber. 1997. Reproductive biology and distribution of the snow crab from the northeastern Chukchi Sea. Am. Fish. Soc. Symp. 19:287-294.
Paul, A.J., and J.M. Paul. 1997. Breeding Success of Large Male Red King Crab Paralithodes camtschaticus with Multiparous Mates. Journal of Shellfish Research. 16:379-381.
Paul, A.J., and J.M. Paul. 1999. Development of larvae of the golden king crab Lithodes aequispinus (Anomura: Lithodidae) reared at different temperatures. Journal of Crustacean Biology. 19:42-45.
Paul Sr., W.L. Alaska Native Brotherhood, papers. University of Washington.
Paulbitsky, P.A. 1975. The seals of Strawberry Spit. Pacific Discovery. 28(4):12-15.
Pauley, G.B., and e. al. 1989. Species profiles: life histories and environmental requirements of coastal fishes and invertebrates (Pacific Northwest): sea-run cutthroat trout. U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service.
Pauli, B.D., and J.M. Terhune. 1987. Meteorological influences on harbour seal haul-out. Aquat. Mamm. 13.3:114-118.
Paulussen, J., and A.F. De Bont. 1979. Decrease in weight of eggs and duration of breeding in the black-headed gull (Larus ridibundus). Gerfaut. 69:253-262.
Pauly, D., and V. Christensen. 1995. Primary production required to sustain global fisheries. Nature. 374:255-257.
Paust, B.C. 1988. Fishing for octopus: a guide for commercial fishermen. University of Alaska Fairbanks.
Paustian, S.J., D.A. Marion, and D.F. Kelliher. 1983. Stream channel classification using large scale aerial photography for southeast Alaska watershed management. Falls Church, VA.
Pavlis, T.L., S.M. Roeske, V.B. Sisson, and K. Smart. 1989. Evidence for Cretaceous dextral strike-slip on the Boarder Ranges fault in Glacier Bay National Park, Alaska. Eos. 70:1337.
Paxton, D.J.R., and D.W.N. Eschmeyer (eds). 1994. Encyclopedia of fishes. Academic Press, San Diego, New York, Boston, London, Sydney, Tokyo, Toronto.
Payne, P.M. 1983. Factors affecting haul-out of harbor seals at a site in southeastern Massachusetts. Journal of Mammology. 64:518-520.
Payne, R. (ed). 1983. Communication and Behavior of Whales. Westview Press, Boulder, Colorado.
Payne, P.M. 1984. Yearly changes in abundance of harbor seals (Phoca vitulina) at a winter haul-out site in Massachusetts. Fish. Bull. 82:440-442.
Payne, K., and R. Payne. 1985. Large Scale Changes Over 19 years in Songs of Humpback Whales in Bermuda. Z. Tierpsychol. 68:89-114.
Payne, P.M., J.R. Nicolas, L. O'Brien, and K.D. Powers. 1986. The distribution of the humpback whale (Megaptera novaeangliae) on Georges Bank and in the Gulf of Maine in relation to densities of the sand eel (Ammodytes americanus). Fish. Bull. 84(2):271-277.
Payne, P.M., and L.A. Selzer. 1989. The distribution, abundance and selected prey of the harbor seal (Phoca vitulina concolor) in southern New England. Marine Mammal Science. 5:173-192.
Payne, P.M., D.N. Wiley, S.B. Young, S. Pittman, P.J. Clapham, and J.W. Jossi. 1990. Recent fluctuations in the abundance of baleen whales in the southern Gulf of Maine in relation to changes in selected prey. 88:687-696.
Payne, R.J., and P. Nilsen. 1994. Innovations and challenges in the management of visitor opportunities in parks and protected areas. Parks Canada.
Peakall, D.B. 1962. Gannet population of Bonaventure Island. Can. Field-Nat. 76:179-180.
Pearman, G.I. 1989. Greenhouse: planning for climate change. E.J. Brill and Melbourne, Leiden, New York. 752 pp.
Pearse, T. 1937. Predators and prey - Bald Eagles. Murrelet. 18:31-32.
Pearse, T. 1939. Reaction of other birds to predators. Murrelet. 20:42.
Pearse, V., J. Pearse, M. Buchsbaum, and R. Buchsbaum. 1987. Living invertebrates. Blackwell Scientific Publications
Boxwood Press, Boston, Mass.
Pacific Grove, Ca. 848 pp.
Pearson, T.H. 1968. The feeding biology of sea-bird species breeding on the Farne Islands, Northumberland. J. Amer. Stat. Assoc. 37:521-552.
Pearson, D.E. 1989. Survey of fishes and water properties of south San Francisco Bay, California, 1973-82. U.S. National Marine Fisheries Service.
Pearson, W.H., J.R. Skalski, S.D. Sulkin, and C.I. Malme. 1994. Effects of seismic energy releases on the survival and development of zoeal larvae of Dungeness crab (Cancer magister). Marine Environmental Research. 38:93-113.
Pedersen, B.H., and N.G. Andersen. 1985. A surgical method for implanting transmitters with sensors into body cavity of cod (Gadus morhua L.). Dana. 5:55-62.
Peepre, J.S. 1992. Tatsheshini-Alsek region wilderness study. J.S. Peepre and Associates for Tatsheshini Alsek Wilderness Steering Committee.
Peine, J.D.e.a. 1984. Conference on the management of biosphere reserves. Gatlinburg, TN.
Pekins, P.J., and W.W. Mautz. 1990. Energy requirements of eastern coyotes. Can. J. Zool. 68:656-659.
Pella, J.J. 1978. Climate trends and fisheries. Atlanta, GA.
Pella, J.J. 1993. Utility of structural time series models and the Kalman Filter for predicting consequences of fishery actions. Alaska Sea Grant College Program. University of Alaska Fairbanks. 93-02.
Pelletier, D., and A.M. Parma. 1994. Spatial distribution of Pacific halibut (Hippoglossus stenolepis): an application of geostatistics to longline survey data. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 51:1506-1518.
Pelto, M.S., and M.M. Miller. 1990. Mass balance of the Taku Glacier, Alaska from 1946 to 1986. Northwest Science. 64:121-130.
Pelton, M.H.W., and J. DiGennaro. 1992. Images of a people: Tlingit myths and legends. Libraries unlimited, Englewood, CO. pp.
Pengilly, D., and D. Schmidt. 1995. Harvest strategy for Kodiak and Bristol Bay red king crab and ST. Matthew Island and Pribilof blue king crab. Ak. Dept. Fish Game, Div. Comm. Fish. Manage. Dev., Prof. Paper. 7:10.
Pennoyer, S., and T. Faris. 1997. Environmental assessment for salmon fisheries in the eez and state waters off the coast of Alaska. National Marine Fisheries Service. Juneau, Alaska.
Pennycuick, C.J., and N.C. Kline. 1986. Units of measurement for fractal extent, applied to the coastal distribution of bald eagle nests in the Aleutian Islands, Alaska. Oceanus. 68:254-258.
Pennycuick, C.J. 1987. Flight of auks (Alcidae) and other northern seabirds compared with southern Procellariiformes: ornithodolite observations. Journal of Experimental Biology. 128:335-347.
Pepin, P. 1991. Effect of temperature and size on development, mortality, and survival rates of the pelagic early life history stages of marine fish. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 48:503-518.
Peratrovich, R.J. 1959. Social and economic structure of the Henya Indians. Masters, University of Alaska, pp.
Perensovitch, M. 1968. Joint survey of Yakutat Moose by U.S. Forest Service and Alaska Department of Fish and Game, April 1968. U.S. Forest Service, Juneau.
Pereyra, W.T. 1966. The bathymetric and seasonal distribution, and reproduction of adult Tanner crabs, Chionoecetes tanneri Rathbun [Brachyura: Majidae], off the northern Oregon coast. Deep-Sea Research. 13:1185-1205.
Pereyra, W.T. 1968. Distribution of juvenile tanner crabs (Chionoecetes tanneri Rathbun), life history model, and fisheries management. National Shellfisheries Assoc. by
Economy Printing Co. 58.
Perrelli, R. 1985. Sea otter (Enhydra lutris) outer coast observations, summer 1985. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Perrin, W.F., E.D. Mitchell, J.G. Mead, D.K. Caldwell, M.C. Caldwell, P.J.H. van Bree, and W.H. Dawbin. 1987. Revision of the spotted dolphins (Stenella spp.). Marine Mammal Science. 3:99-170.
Perry, R. 1940. Lundy, Isle of Puffins. Lindsay Drummond, London. 267 + 1 map pp.
Perry, R. 1948. Shetland Sanctuary. London. pp.
Perry, A., C.S. Baker, and L.M. Herman. 1985. The natural history of humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) in Glacier Bay, Alaska, a report to the U.S. National Park Service. University of Hawaii, Manoa, Kewalo Basin Marine Mammal Lab, Honolulu, HI.
Perry, A. 1987. Commercial fishing in Glacier Bay National Park. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Perry, A., C.S. Baker, and L.M. Herman. 1990. Population characteristics of individually identified humpback whales in the central and eastern north Pacific: a summary and critique. Rep. Int. Whal. Comm. Special Issue 12:307-317.
Perry, R.I., and S.J. Smith. 1994. Identifying habitat associations of marine fishes using survey data: an application to the northwest Atlantic. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 51:589-602.
Perry, R.I., M. Stocker, and J. Fargo. 1994. Environmental effects on the distributions of groundfish in Hecate Strait, British Columbia. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 51:1401-1409.
Perryman, W.L., M.A. Donahue, J.L. Laake, and T.E. Martin. 1999. Diel variation in migration rates of eastern pacific gray whales measured with thermal imaging sensors. Marine Mammal Science. 15:426-445.
Persson, L., and P. Eklov. 1995. Prey refuges affecting interactions between piscivorous perch and juvenile perch and roach. Ecology (Washington D C). 76:70-81.
Peterson, R.S., and G.A. Bartholomew. 1967. The natural history and behavior of the California sea lion. The American Society of Mammalogists.
Peterson, D.N., and G.D. McKenzie. 1968. Observations of a glacier cave in Glacier Bay National Monument, Alaska. National Speleological Society Bulletin. 30:47-54.
Peterson, D.N. 1968. Observations on basal sliding of the Casement Glacier, southeast Alaska. Ph.D. Dissertation, Ohio State University, Institute of Polar Studies, Columbus. pp.
Peterson, D.N. 1970. Glaciological investigations on the Casement Glacier, southeast Alaska. Ohio State University, Institute of Polar Studies. Columbus.
Peterson, M.R., J.C. Greilich, and N.M. Harrison. 1981. Spring and fall migration, and habitat use by water birds in the Yakutat forelands, Alaska. National Fishery Research Center, Marine Bird Section, Anchorage, AK.
Peterson, C.H. 1983. Interactions between two infaunal bivalves, Chione undatella (Sowerby) and Protothaca staminea (Conrad), and two potential enemies, Crepidula onyx) (Sowerby) and Cancer anthonyi (Rathbun). J. Exp. Zool. 68:145-158.
Peterson, R., B. Donaldson, L. Hornig, and S. Harris. 1986. Red king crab (Paralithodes camtschatica) explorations around the Kodiak archipelago: the history and results 1971-1985. Alaska Department of Fish and Game.
Peterson, D., D. Cayan, J. DiLeo, M. Noble, and M. Dettinger. 1995. The role of climate in estuarine variability. Amer. Sci. 83:58-67.
Petko-Seus, P.A., B.C. Hastings, W.E. Hammitt, and M.R. Pelton. 1985. Public attitudes toward collars and ear markers on wildlife. Wildlife Society Bulletin. 13:283-286.
Petraitis, P.S. 1995. The role of growth in maintaining spatial dominance by mussels (Mytilus edulis). Ecology (Washington D C). 76:1337-1346.
Petrie, G., and R.J. Price. 1966. Photogrammetric measurements of the ice wastage and morphological changes near the Casement Glacier, Alaska. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences. 3:827-840.
Petrof, I. 1900. Population, resources, etc. of Alaska [from U.S. census report of 1880]. In: Compilation of narratives of explorations in Alaska. Vol. Government printing office, Washington, D.C, pp. 55-284.
Pewé, T.L. 1975. Quaternary geology of Alaska. U.S. Geological Survey.
Pezzey, J.C.V., C.M. Roberts, and B.T. Urdal. 2000. A simple bioeconomic model of a marine reserve. Ecological Economics. 33:77-91.
Pfister, C.A., and A. Bradbury. 1996. Harvesting red sea urchins: Recent effects and future predictions. Ecol. Appl. 6:298-310.
Pfister, C.A. 1996. The role and importance of recruitment variability to a guild of tide pool fishes. Ecology (Washington D C). 77:1928-1941.
Philippi, T.E., P.M. Dixon, and B.E. Taylor. 1998. Detecting trends in species composition. Ecol. Appl. 8:300-308.
Phillips, H. 1927. How the white men came to Lituya and what happened to Yeahlth-kan who visited them. Alaska Magazine. March:151-153.
Phillips, B.F., and A.B. Scolaro. 1980. An electrofishing apparatus for sampling sublittoral benthic marine habitats. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 47:69-75.
Phillips, B.F. 1986. Prediction of commercial catches of the western rock lobster (Panulirus cygnus). Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 43:2126-2130.
Phillips, N.W. 1987. Southwest Florida Shelf regional biological communities survey. U.S. Minerals Management Service.
Phillips, A.C., N.D. Smith, and R.D. Powell. 1988. Controls on sediment laminations in temperate glacimarine prodeltaic deposits, Glacier Bay, Alaska. Annual G.S.A. Abstracts with Programs. 20:
Phillips, B.F., and R.S. Brown. 1989. The West Australian rock lobster fishery: research for management. In: J.F. Caddy (ed.), Marine invertebrate fisheries: their assessment and management. Vol. John Wiley and Sons, Rome, Italy, pp. 159-180.
Phillips, A.C., and N.D. Smith. 1990. Suspended sediment dynamics of glacial deltas: implications for maintenance of submarine channels. U.S. National Park Service. Glacier Bay National Park & Preserve, AK. 1988.
Phillips, N.W., D.A. Gettleson, and K.D. Spring. 1990. Benthic biological studies of the southwest Florida shelf. Amer. Zool. 30:65-75.
Phillips, A.C., N.D. Smith, and R.D. Powell. 1991. Laminated sediments in prodeltaic deposits, Glacier Bay, Alaska. In: Anderson, J.B. and G.M. Ashley (eds.), Glacial Marine Sedimentation—Paleoclimatic Significance. Geological Society of America.
Phillips, A.C., and N.D. Smith. 1992. Delta slope processes and turbidity currents in prodeltaic submarine channels, Queen Inlet, Glacier Bay, Alaska. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences. 29:93-101.
Phinney, D.E. 1975. Tanner crab pot mesh study, 1974. Ak. Dept. Fish Game, Div. Comm. Fish. Manage. Dev., Unpubl. Rpt. Juneau:-.
Phinney, D.A., and T.L. Cucci. 1989. Flow cytometry and phytoplankton. Cytometry. 10:511 - 521.
Piatt, J. Field identification of Kittlitz's murrelet. Biological Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey. Anchorage.
Piatt, J.F., and D.N. Nettleship. 1985. Diving depths of four alcids. The Auk. 102:293-297.
Piatt, J.F., and D.N. Nettleship. 1987. Incidental catch of marine birds and mammals in fishing nets off Newfoundland, Canada. Marine Pollution Bulletin. 18:344-349.
Piatt, J.F., D.A. Methven, A.E. Burger, R.L. McLagan, V. Mercer, and E. Creelman. 1989. Baleen whales and their prey in a coastal environment. Can. J. Zool. 67:1523-1530.
Piatt, J.F., J.L. Wells, A. MacCharles, and B.S. Fadely. 1989. The distribution of seabirds and fish in relation to ocean currents in the southeastern Chukchi Sea. Candian Wildlife Service. Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland.
Piatt, J.F., and C.J. Lensink. 1989. Exxon Valdez bird toll. Nature. 342:865-866.
Piatt, J.F., C.J. Lensink, W. Butler, M. Kendziorek, and D.R. Nysewander. 1990. Immediate impact of the 'Exxon Valdez' oil spill on marine birds. The Auk. 107:387-397.
Piatt, J.F., B.D. Roberts, and S.A. Hatch. 1990. Colony attendance and population monitoring of least and crested auklets on St. Lawrence Island, Alaska. The Cooper Ornithological Society. 92:97-106.
Piatt, J.F., B.K. Roberts, W.W. Lidster, J.L. Wells, and S.A. Hatch. 1990. Effects of human disturbance on breeding least and crested auklets at St. Lawrence Island, Alaska. The Auk. 107:342-350.
Piatt, J.F. 1990. The aggregative response of Common Murres and Atlantic Puffins to schools of Capelin. Studies in Avian Biology. 14:36-51.
Piatt, J.F., J.L. Wells, A. MacCharles, and B. Fadely. 1990. The distribution of seabirds and fish in relation to ocean currents in the southeastern Chukchi Sea. In: W.A. Montevecchi and A.J. Gaston (eds.), Canadian Wildlife Service Occasional Papers. Vol. 68. Canadian Wildlife Service, pp. 21-31.
Piatt, J., B. Conant, and C. Iverson. 1991. A comparison of aerial and boat surveys for marbled murrelets in southeast Alaska, July 23-28, 1991: preliminary analysis. U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service.
Piatt, J.F., L. Climo, A. Springer, and T. Duncan. 1991. Marine bird distribution in Glacier Bay National Park during the summer of 1991. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.
Piatt, J.F., and C.J. Ralph. 1992. Methods to determine the population status of marbled murrelets in southeast Alaska. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.
Piatt, J.F., and D.A. Methven. 1992. Threshold foraging behavior of baleen whales. Marine Ecol. Prog. Rep. 84:205-210.
Piatt, J.F., A. Pinckuk, A. Kitaysky, A.M. Springer, and S.A. Hatch. 1992. Foraging distribution and feeding ecology of seabirds at the Diomede Islands. Minerals Management Service, Anchorage, Alaska.
Piatt, J.F., and R.G. Ford. 1993. Distribution and abundance of Marbled Murrelets in Alaska. The Condor. 95:662-669.
Piatt, J.F. 1993. Oceanic, shelf, and coastal seabird assemblages at the mouth of a tidally-mixed estuary (Cook Inlet, Alaska). Minerals Management Service.
Piatt, J.F., and N. Naslund. 1994. Abundance, distribution, and population status of marbled murrelets in Alaska based on observations at sea. Alaska Science Center, National Biological Survey. Anchorage.
Piatt, J.F., and N.L. Naslund. 1995. Abundance, distribution and population status of marbled murrelets in Alaska. In: Ralph, C.J., Hunt Jr., G.L., Piatt, J.F., and Raphael, M. eds., Conservation assessment for the marbled murrelet. U.S. Forest Service.
Piatt, J. 1996. ENSO events in the northern Gulf of Alaska, and effects on selected marine fishes. CalCOFI Report. 36:78-96.
Piatt, J.F., and P.J. Anderson. 1996. Response of Common Murres to the Exxon Valdez oil spill and long-term changes in the Gulf of Alaska marine ecosystem. Bethesda, Maryland.
Piatt, J.F., M. Robards, S. Zador, M. Litzow, and G. Drew. 1997. Cook Inlet seabird and forage fish studies. USGS Biological Resources Division. Anchorage, Alaska.
Piatt, J.F., D.D. Roby, L. Henkel, and K. Neuman. 1997. Habitat use, diet and breeding biology of tufted puffins in Prince William Sound. Northwestern Naturalist. 78:102-109.
Piatt, J., T. van Pelt, P. Flint, and V. Mendenhall. 1998. Research on unusual seabird die-offs in 1998. U.S. Geological Survey, Biological Resources Division.
Piatt, J.F., N.L. Naslund, and T.I. Van Pelt. 1999. Discovery of a new Kittlitz's murrelet nest: clues to habitat selection and nest-site fidelity. Northwestern Naturalist. 80:8-13.
Pichler, F.B., S.M. Dawson, E. Slooten, and C.S. Baker. 1998. Geographic isolation of Hector's dolphin populations described by mitochondrial DNA sequences. Cons. Biology. 12:676-682.
Pickard, G.L. 1967. Some oceanographic characteristics of the larger inlets of southeast Alaska. Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada. 24:1475-1506.
Pickerell, B. 1975. Hoonah.
Pierce, C. 1960. Is sea level falling or the land rising in southeast Alaska? Surveying and Mapping. 21:51-56.
Pierce, G.J., J.S.W. Diack, and P.R. Boyle. 1990. Application of serologial methods to identification of fish prey in diets of seals and dolphins. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 137:123-140.
Pierotti, R. 1982. Habitat selection and its effect on reproductive output in the Herring Gull in Newfoundland. Ecology. 63:854-868.
Pierotti, R. 1983. Gull-puffin interactions on Great Island, Newfoundland. 26:1-14.
Pierotti, R., and C. Annett. 1987. Reproductive consequences of dietary specialization and switching in an ecological generalist. In: A.C. Kamil, J.R. Krebs and H.R. Pulliam (eds.), Foraging Behavior. Vol. Plenum Press, New York, pp. 417-442.
Pierotti, R. 1988. Associations between marine birds and mammals in the Northwest Atlantic Ocean. In: J. Burger (ed.), Seabirds and other marine vertebrates: competition, predation, and other interactions. Vol. Columbia university press, New York, pp. 31-58.
Pierotti, R. 1988. Interactions between gulls and otariid pinnipeds: competition, commensalism, and cooperation. In: J. Burger (ed.), Seabirds and other marine vertebrates: competition, predation and other interactions. Vol. Columbia university press, New York, pp. 213-239.
Pike, G. 1949. Whaling on the british columbia coast.
Pike, G.C., and B.E. Maxwell. 1958. The abundance and distribution of the northern sea lion (Eumetopias jubata) on the coast of British Columbia. J. Fish. Res. Bd. Canada. 15(1):5-17.
Pike, G.C. 1962. Migration and feeding of the gray whale (eshrictius gibbosus). J. Fish. Res. Bd. Canada. 19:815-836.
Pilkington, S. 1991. Two women's Copper River subsistence fight could transform fishing in all Alaska waters. Anchorage.
Pimm, S.L., J.H. Lawton, and J.E. Cohen. 1991. Food web patterns and their consequences. Nature. 350:669-674.
Pinchak, A.C. 1968. Avalanche activity on the Vaughan Lewis Icefall, Alaska. Journal of Glaciology. 7:441-448.
Pincock, D. 1980. Automation of data collection in ultrasonic telemetry. In: C.J. Amlaner, Jr. and D.W. Macdonald (eds.), A handbook on biotelemetry and radio tracking. Vol. Pergamon Press, Oxford, pp. 471-476.
Pinkas, L., M.S. Oliphant, and L.K. Iverson. 1971. Food habits of albacore, bluefin tuna, and bonita in California waters. California Fish and Game. 152:1-105.
Pitcher, K.W. 1977. Population productivity and food habits of harbor seals in the Prince William Sound-Copper River Delta area, Alaska. U.S. Marine Mammal Commission.
Pitcher, K.W., and D.G. Calkins. 1979. Biology of the harbor seal (Phoca vitulina richardsii) in the Gulf of Alaska. Outer Continental Shelf Environmental Assessment Program.
Pitcher, K.W. 1980. Stomach contents and feces as indicators of harbor seal (Phoca vitulina) foods in the Gulf of Alaska. Fish. Bull. 78:797-798.
Pitcher, K.W. 1980. Food of the harbor seal (Phoca vitulina richardsi) in the Gulf of Alaska. Fish. Bull. 78:544-548.
Pitcher, K.W. 1981. Prey of the Steller Sea Lion (Eumetopias jubatus) in the Gulf of Alaska. Fish. Bull. 79:467-472.
Pitcher, K.W., and D.C. McAllister. 1981. Movements and haulout behavior of radio-tagged harbor seals (Phoca vitulina). Can. Field-Nat. 95(3):292-297.
Pitcher, K.W., and D.G. Calkins. 1981. Reproductive biology of Steller sea lions in the Gulf of Alaska. J. Mamm. 62:599-605.
Pitcher, K.W. 1982. Feeding by Steller sea lions on harbor seals. Murrelet. 63:70-71.
Pitcher, K.W. 1987. Studies of southeastern Alaska sea otter populations: distribution, abundance, structure, range expansion, and potential conflicts with shellfisheries. Alaska Department of Fish and Game.
Pitcher, K.W. 1989. Studies of Southeastern Alaska sea otter populations: distribution, abundance, structure, range expansion, and potential conflicts with shellfisheries. Alaska Department of Fish & Game.
Pitcher, K.W. 1989. Harbor seal trend count surveys in southern Alaska, 1988. Alaska Department of Fish and Game.
Pitcher, K.W. 1990. Impacts of sea otter predation on Dungeness crab abundance in the Cross Sound-Icy Strait area, southeastern Alaska. Alaska Department of Fish and Game.
Pitcher, K.W. 1990. Major decline in the number of harbor seals (Phoca vitulina) on Tugidak Island, Gulf of Alaska. Marine Mammal Science. 121-134.
Pitcher, T.J., and A. Bundy. 1993. Successful species introductions in the African Lakes: assessment, uncertainties, and strategies for fishery mangement. Alaska Sea Grant College Program. University of Alaska Fairbanks. 93-02.
Pitcher, K.W., and K.J. Frost. 1997. Pregnancy determination for captured harbor seals and steller sea lions. Alaska Department of Fish and Game, Division of Wildlife Conservation. Anchorage, AK.
Pitcher, T.J. (ed). 1997. The design and monitoring of marine reserves. The Fisheries Center, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
Plafker, G. 1967. Geologic map of the Gulf of Alaska tertiary province, Alaska. U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Geological Investigations.
Plafker, G., and E.M. MacKevett. 1970. Mafic and ultra-mafic rocks form a layered pluton at Mt. Fairweather, Alaska. U.S. Geological Survey.
Plafker, G. 1971. Possible future petroleum resources of Pacific-margin Tertiary basins, Alaska. Future Petroleum provinces of Alaska. American Association of Petroleum Geologists Memoir. 15:120-135.
Plafker, G. 1972. New data on Cenozoic displacements along the Fairweather fault system, Alaska. Programme and Abstracts.
Plafker, G., T.R. Bruns, and R.A. Page. 1975. Interim report on petroleum resource potential and geologic hazards in the Outer Continental Shelf of the Gulf of Alaska Tertiary Province. U.S. Geological Survey.
Plafker, G., and W.O. Addicott. 1976. Glacio-marine deposits of Miocene through Halocene age on the Yakataga Formation along the Gulf of Alaska margin. U.S. Geological Survey.
Plafker, G., T. Hudson, and M. Rubin. 1976. Late Holocene offset features along the Fairweather faults. U.S. Geological Survey Circular. 733:57-58.
Plafker, G., D.L. Jones, T. Hudson, and H.C. Berg. 1976. The Border Ranges fault system in the St. Elias Mountains and Alexander Archipelago. In: Cobb, E.H. ed. U.S. Geological Survey in Alaska: accomplishments during 1975. U.S. Geological Survey Circular. 733:1-16.
Plafker, G., D.L. Jones, and E.A. Pessagno. 1977. A Cretaceous accretionary flysch and melange terrane along the Gulf of Alaska margin. U.S. Geological Survey Circular. 751B:B41-B43.
Plafker, G., T.R. Bruns, P.R. Carlson, B.F. Molnia, E.W. Scott, R. Kahler, and R. Wilson. 1978. Petroleum potential, geologic hazards, and technology for exploration in the Outer-Continental Shelf of the Gulf of Alaska Tertiary Province. U.S. Geological Survey.
Plafker, G., T. Hudson, T. Bruns, and M. Rubin. 1978. Late Quaternary offsets along the Fairweather fault and crustal plate interactions in southern Alaska. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences. 15:805-816.
Plafker, G., and R.C. Campbell. 1979. Border Ranges fault in the St. Elias Mountains. In: Johnson, K.M. and J.R. Williams, eds. The U.S. Geological Survey in Alaska: accomplishments during 1978. U.S. Geological Survey Circular. 804B:B102-B104.
Plafker, G., G.P. Winkler, W.L. Coonrad, and G. Claypool. 1980. Preliminary report on the geology of the continental slope adjacent to OCS lease sale 55, eastern Gulf of Alaska: petroleum resource implications. U.S. Geological Survey.
Plafker, G. 1981. Late Cenozoic glaciomarine deposits in the Yakataga Formation, Alaska. In: M.J. Hambrey and W.B. Harland (eds.), Earth’s pre-Pleistocene glacial record. Vol. Cambridge University Press, pp. 694-699.
Plafker, G., T. Hudson, M. Rubin, and K.L. Dixon. 1982. Holocene marine terraces and uplift history in the Yakataga seismic gap near Icy Strait, Alaska. In: Coonrad, W.L.(ed.) The U.S. Geological Survey in Alaska: accomplishments during 1981. U.S. Geological Survey Circular. 844:111-115.
Plafker, G. 1987. Regional geology and petroleum potential of the northern Gulf of Alaska continental margin. In: D.W. Scholl, A. Grantz and J.G. Vedder (eds.), Geology and resource potential of the continental margin of western North America and adjacent ocean basins. Vol. 6. Circum-Pacific Council for Energy and Mineral Resources, Houston, Texas, pp. 229-268.
Plafker, G., and H.G. Berg. 1994. Introduction. In: G. Plafker and H.C. Berg (eds.), The Geology of Alaska. Vol. G-1. Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, pp. 1-16.
Plafker, G., J.C. Moore, and G.R. Winkler. 1994. Geology of the southern Alaska margin. In: G. Plafker and H.C. Berg (eds.), The geology of Alaska. Vol. G-1. Geological Society of America, Boulder, Colorado, pp. 389-449.
Plafker, G., and H.C. Berg. 1994. Overview of the geology and tectonic evolution of Alaska. In: G. Plafker and H.C. Berg (eds.), The Geology of Alasaka. Vol. G-1. Geological Society of America, Boulder, Colorado, pp. 989-1021.
Plafker, G., L.M. Gilpin, and J.C. Lahr. 1994. Neotectonic map of Alaska. In: G. Plafker and H.c. Berg (eds.), The Geology of Alaska. Vol. G-1. Geologicla Society of America, Boulder, Colorado, pp. 1-26.
Plan Development Team. 1990. The potential of marine fishery reserves for reef fish management in the US Southern Atlantic. NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFS-SEFC-261.
Poff, N.L., and J.D. Allan. 1995. Functional organization of stream fish assemblages in relation to hydrological variability. Ecology (Washington D C). 76:606-627.
Pogers, P. 1990. Climate change and global warming. Environmental Science Technology. 24:428-431.
Pogson, T.H., and S.M. Lindstedt. 1991. Distribution and abundance of large sandhill cranes (Grus canadensis) wintering in California's central valley. The Condor. 93:266-278.
Pohl, J. 1996. Hooked tourists. Juneau, Alaska.
Polacheck, T. 1990. Year round closed areas as a management tool. Natural Resource Modeling. 4:327-354.
Polasky, C.R. 1992. Bartlett Cove beach debris survey, Glacier Bay National Park, Gustavus, Alaska, 1992. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Policansky, D. 1993. Evolution and management of exploited fish populations. Alaska Sea Grant College Program. University of Alaska Fairbanks. 93-02.
Polis, G.A. 1981. The evolution and dynamics of intraspecific predation. Annu. Rev. Ecol. Syst. 12:225-251.
Pollock, K.H., S.R. Winterstein, C.M. Bunck, and P.D. Curtis. 1989. Survival analysis in telemetry studies: the staggered entry design. Journal of Wildlife Management. 53:7-15.
Polunin, N.V.C., and C.M. Roberts. 1993. Greater biomass and value of target coral-reef fishes in two small Caribbean marine reserves. Marine Ecol. Prog. Rep. 100:167-176.
Pomerantz, G.A., D.J. Decker, G.R. Goff, and K.D. Purdy. 1988. Assessing impact of recreation on wildlife: a classification scheme. Wildlife Society Bulletin. 16:58-62.
Pomeroy, C., and J. Beck. 1998. Cooperative management of the state's marine ecological reserves: Preliminary evidence from Big Creek. In: O. Magoon, H. Converse, B. Baird and M. Miller-Henson (eds.), California and the world ocean '97. Vol. Asce, Reston, VA (USA), pp. 105-116.
Pomfret, J.R., M. Elliott, M.G. O'Reilly, and S. Phillips. 1991. Spatial and temporal patterns in the fish communities in two UK North Sea estuaries. Olsen and Olsen. Fredensborg, Denmark.
Ponganis, P.J., G.L. Kooyman, M.H. Zornow, M.A. Castellini, and D.A. Croll. 1990. Cardiac output and stroke volume in swimming harbor seals. Journal of Comparative Physiology B. 160:473-482.
Ponganis, P.J., G.L. Kooyman, and M.A. Castellini. 1993. Determinants of the aerobic dive limit of weddell seals: analysis of diving metabolic rates, postdive end tidal po2's, and blood and muscle oxygen stores. Physiological Zoology. 732-749.
Poole, R.L. 1965. Indentification of cancer magister larvae. Pacific marine fisheries commission.
Poole, R.I. 1966. A description of laboratory-reared zoeae of Cancer magister Dana, and megalopae taken under natural conditions (Decapoda Brachyura). Crustaceana. 11:83-97.
Poole, K.G. 1989. Determining Age and Sex of Nestling Gyrfalcons. J. Raptor Res. 23:45-47.
Pope, J.A., A.R. Margetts, J.M. Hamley, and E.F. Akyuz. 1975. Manual of methods for fish stock assessment; Part III: Selectivity of fishing gear. FAO Fish. Tech. Pap. 41:46.
Popov, V.V., and e. al. 1986. Evoked potentials of the auditory cortex of the porpoise (Phocoena phocoena). Journal of Comparative Physiology A. 158:705-711.
Porch, C.E. 1995. Trajectory-based approaches to estimating velocity and diffusion from tagging data. Fish. Bull. 93:694-709.
Porter, W.F., and K.E. Church. 1987. Effects of environmental pattern on habitat preference analysis. Journal of Wildlife Management. 51:681-685.
Porter, J.M. 1990. Patterns of recruitment to the breeding group in the kittiwake Rissa tridactyla. Anim. Behav. 40:350-360.
Porter, J.H., and J.L. Dooley, Jr. 1993. Animal dispersal patterns: A reassessment of simple mathematical models. Ecology (Tempe). 74:2436-2443.
Possingham, H.P., and J. Roughgarden. 1990. Spatial population dynamics of a marine organism with a complex life cycle. Ecology. 71:973-985.
Possingham, H.P., and I. Davies. 1995. ALEX: A model for the viability analysis of spatially structured populations. Bio. Cons. 73:143-150.
Post, A. 1965. Alaskan glaciers: recent observations in respect to earthquake advance theory. Scientific Reports Whales Research Institute, Tokyo. 148:366-368.
Post, A. 1969. Distribution of surging glaciers in western North America. Journal of Glaciology. 8:229-240.
Post, A., and E.R. LaChapelle. 1971. Glacier ice. University of Washington Press, Seattle. 100 pp.
Post, A. 1973. Alaska photo flight and glacier observations. U.S. Geological Survey.
Post, A., and G.P. Streveler. 1976. Tilted forest: glaciological-geologic implications of vegetated neoglacial ice at Lituya Bay, Alaska. Quart. Rev. Biol. 6:111-117.
Post, A. 1986. Iceberg calving glacier dynamics. USGS. Tacoma, WA.
Post, J., and J. Lee. 1996. Metabolic ontogeny of teleost fishes. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 53:910-923.
Postell, A., and J.P. Johnson. 1986. Tlingit legends. Sheldon Jackson Museum, Sitka, AK. pp.
Postupalsky, S. 1973. Raptor reproductive success: Some problems with methods, criteria, and terminology. Fort Collins, CO.
Postupalsky, S. 1976. Banded northern bald eagles in Florida and other southern states. Auk. 835-836.
Postupalsky, S. 1979. Migratory movements of bald eagles. Eagle Valley Environmentalists. St. Louis, Missouri. Tech. Rep. BED-79.
Potter, M.A., W.D. Sumpton, and G.S. Smith. 1991. Movement, fishing sector impact, and factors affecting the recapture rate of tagged sand crabs, Portunus pelagicus (L.), in Moreton Bay, Queensland. Aust. J. Mar. Freshwat. Res. 42:751-760.
Potts, W.K. 1984. The chorus-line hypothesis of manoeuvre coordination in avian flocks. Nature. 309:344-345.
Poulter, T.C. 1968. Underwater vocalization and behavior of pinnipeds. In: R.J. Harrison (ed.), The behavior and physiology of pinnipeds. Vol. 3. Meredith Corporation, New York, pp. 69-84.
Powell, B.W. 1959. Earthquake in Lituya Bay: science looks into it. Pacific Discovery. 12:18-19.
Powell, G.C. 1961. King crab migrations from an offshore release location, Kodiak Island, October, 1960. Ak. Dept. Fish Game, Div. Comm. Fish. Manage. Dev., Info. Leaf. 6, Juneau:-.
Powell, G.C., and R.B. Nickerson. 1964. Aggregations among juvenile king crab, Paralithodes camtschatica, Kodiak, Alaska. Anim. Behav. 13:374-380.
Powell, G.C. 1964. Fishing mortality and movements of adult male king crabs, paralithodes camtschatica (Tilesius), released seaward from Kodiak Island, Alaska. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society. 93:295-300.
Powell, G.C., and R.B. Nickerson. 1965. Reproduction of king crabs (Paralithodes camtschatica) (Tilesius). Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada. 22:101-111.
Powell, G.C. 1965. Tagged king crab recaptured six years after release in the North Pacific. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society. 94:95.
Powell, R.D. 1979. Sedimentation in front of tidewater glaciers in Glacier Bay, Alaska. Abstracts with Programs 11(3).
Powell, R.D. 1980. Holocene glacimarine sediment deposition by tidewater glaciers in Glacier Bay, Alaska. Ph.D. Dissertation (Geology), Ohio State University, Institute of Polar Studies, Columbus. pp.
Powell, R.D. 1981. A model for sedimentation by tidewater glaciers. Annals of Glaciology. 2:129-134.
Powell, R.D. 1983. Glacial-marine sedimentation processes and lithofacies of temperate tidewater glaciers, Glacier Bay, Alaska. In: B.F. Molnia (ed.), Glacial-marine sedimentation. Vol. Plenum Publishing Co., pp. 185-232.
Powell, G.C., R. Peterson, and L. Schwarz. 1983. The red king crab (Paralithodes camtschatica) (Tilesius) in Norton Sound, Alaska: history of biological research and resource utilization through 1982. Alaska Department of Fish and Game.
Powell, R.D. 1984. Guide to the glacial geology of Glacier Bay, southeast Alaska: glacial history, glacial sedimentology, glacial geomorphology and glaciomarine sedimentation. Geological Society America, Cordilleran Section, Alaskan Geological Society, 85 pp.
Powell, R.D. 1984. Glacimarine processes and inductive lithofacies modeling of ice shelf and tidewater glacier sediments based on Quaternary examples. Marine Geology. 57:1-52.
Powell, R.D. 1987. Modern glacimarine environments. Episodes. 10:23-25.
Powell, R.D., and E.A. Cowan. 1987. Depositional processes at McBride Inlet and Riggs Glacier. In: P.J. Anderson, R.P. Goldthwait and G.D. McKenzie (eds.), Observed processes of glacial deposition in Glacier Bay, Alaska. Vol. 236. Ohio State University, Columbus, pp. 140-156.
Powell, R.D. 1988. Processes and facies of temperate and sub-polar glaciers with tidewater fronts. Short course notes. Denver, Colorado.
Powell, R.D., and A. Elverhoi. 1989. Introduction. Marine Geology. 85:III-IV.
Powell, R.D., and A. Elverhoi. 1989. Glacimarine sedimentation: glacial and marine controls of modern lithofacies and biofacies. Marine Geology. Special Issue 85:101-416.
Powell, R.D., and B.F. Molnia. 1989. Glacimarine sedimentation processes, facies, and morphology on the south-southeast Alaska shelf and fjords. Marine Geology. 85:359-390.
Powell, R.D. 1990. Advance of glacial tidewater fronts in Glacier Bay Alaska. U.S. National Park Service. Glacier Bay National Park & Preserve, AK. 1988.
Powell, R.D. 1990. Grounding-line fans and their growth to ice-contact deltas. In: J.A. Dowdeswell and J.D. Scourse (eds.), Glacimarine environments: processes and sediments: Geological Society of London special publication. Vol. 53. pp. 53-73.
Powell, R.D., L.E. Hunter, and J. Cai. 1990. Sedimentation at an advancing glacial tidewater terminus. In: Abstracts with Programs. Northeastern Geological Society of America. 22.
Powell, R.D. 1991. Grounding-line systems as feedbacks for marine glacier stability: further evaluations from ROV submersibel observations. Beijing, China.
Powell, R.D., D.E. Lawson, E.A. Cowan, and L.E. Hunter. 1991. Observations of processes at grounding lines and morainal banks of tidewater termini of temperate glaciers. Bamako, Mali. 16.
Powell, R.D., D.E. Lawson, E.A. Cowan, L.E. Hunter, J. Cai, and P.R. Carlson. 1991. Submersible observations of grounding-lines and morainal banks of tidewater termini of temperate glaciers. Toronto.
Powell, R.D. 1991. Grounding-line systems as second-order controls on fluctuations of temperate tidewater termini of temperate glaciers. In: J.B. Anderson and G.M. Ashley (eds.), Glacial Marine Sedimentation; Paleoclimatic Significance. Vol. Geological Society of America, Boulder, pp. 75-93.
Powell, R.D. 1995. Role of physical sciences in global change research at Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve. National Park Service. Glacier Bay National Park & Preserve, AK. 1993.
Power, M.E., J.C. Marks, and M. Parker. Community-level consequences of a predator-specific defence. University of California at Berkeley
University of Calfornia, Davis.
Power, J.H. 1989. Sink or swim: growth dynamics and zooplankton hydromechanics. Am. Nat. 133:706-721.
Power, M. 1992. Habitat heterogeneity and the functional significance of fish in river food webs. Ecology. 73:1675-1688.
Powers, C.F. 1962. Some aspects of the oceanography of Little Port Walter estuary, Baranof Island, Alaska. Fish. Bull. 63:143-164.
Prather, S., and J. Mow. 1989. Fish observations by up bay rangers. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Prather, S., J. Mow, and G. Streveler. 1989. Harbor porpoise baseline survey, Glacier Bay, 1989. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve, 13.
Prendergast, J.R., R.M. Quinn, and J.H. Lawton. 1999. The gaps between theory and practice in selecting nature reserves. Cons. Biology. 13:484-492.
Prentice, E.F., and J.E. Rensel. 1977. Tag retention of the spot prawn, Pandalus platyceros, injected with coded wire tags. J. Fish. Res. Board Can. 34:2199-2203.
Prentice, E.F., T.A. Flagg, and S. McCutcheon. 1987. A study to determine the biological feasibility of a new fish tagging system, 1986-1987. U.S. National Marine Fisheries Service.
Price, R.J. 1964. Land forms produced by wastage of the Casement Glacier southeast Alaska. Ohio State University, Institute of Polar Studies. Columbus.
Price, R.J. 1965. Changing proglacial environment of the Casement Glacier, Glacier Bay, Alaska. Transactions and Papers of the Institute of British Geographers. 36:107-116.
Price, R.J. 1966. Eskers near the Casement Glacier, Alaska. Geografiska Annaler. 48:111-125.
Price, R.J. 1987. Fluvioglacial features and esker formation near Casement Glacier. In: P.J.e.a. Anderson (ed.), Observed processes of glacial deposition in Glacier Bay, Alaska. Vol. 236. Ohio State University, Columbus, pp. 94-98.
Price, R.E. 1990. The great father in Alaska: the case of the Tlingit and Haida salmon fishery. First Street Press, Douglas, AK. pp.
Prince, J., and R. Hilborn. 1998. Concentration profiles and invertebrate fisheries management. In: G. Jamieson and A. Campbell (eds.), Proceedings of the North Pacific symposium on invertebrate stock assessment and management. Vol. 125. Canadian Special Publication of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, pp. 187-196.
Prince, J., C. Walters, R. Ruiz-Avila, and P. Sluczanowski. 1998. Territorial user's rights and the Australian abalone (Haliotis sp.) fishery. In: G. Jamieson and A. Campbell (eds.), Proceedings of the North Pacific symposium on invertebrate stock assessment and management. Vol. 125. Canadian Special Publication of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, pp. 367-375.
Pritchard, A.L. 1939. Homing tendency and age at maturity of pink salmon (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha) in British Columbia. Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada. 4:233-251.
Program, U.S.M.a.B. 1986. Coupling of ecological studies with remote sensing.
Pruett-Jones, S.G. 1980. Team-hunting and food sharing in Parasitic Jaegers. Wilson Bulletin. 92:524-526.
Prussin, L., and K. Fister. 1988. Survey of Canada geese in Adams Inlet. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Prussin, L. 1989. Bartlett Cove breeding bird census. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Pryor, K., and K.S. Norris. 1991. Dolphin societies discoveries and puzzles. University of California Press, Berkeley, CA. 397 pp.
Publicover, D.A. 1985. A Survey of potential and actual habitat use by American black bears in the Spokane Creek drainage, Glacier Bay, Alaska, August 16-24, 1985. University of Vermont, Department of Botany, Field Naturalist Program, Burlington.
Pugesek, B.H. 1981. Increased reproductive effort with age in the California Gull (Larus californicus). Scientific Reports Whales Research Institute, Tokyo. 212:822-823.
Pugesek, B.H., and K.L. Diem. 1986. Ages of mated pairs of California Gulls. Wilson Bulletin. 98:610-612.
Pugesek, B.H. 1987. Age-specific survivorship in relation to clutch size and fledging success in California Gulls. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology. 21:217-221.
Pugesek, B.H., and K.L. Diem. 1990. The relationship between reproduction and survival in known-aged California Gulls. Ecology. 71:811-817.
Pugesek, B.H. 1990. Parental effort in the California Gull: Tests of parent-offspring conflict theory. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology. 27:211-215.
Pugesek, B.H., and P. Wood. 1992. Alternate reproductive strategies in the California Gull. Evolutionary Ecology. 6:279-295.
Pulliam, H.R., and G.S. Mills. 1977. The use of space by wintering sparrows. Ecology. 58:1393-1399.
Pulliam, H.R., and T. Caraco. 1984. Living in groups: Is there an optimal group size? In: J.R. Krebs and N.B. Davies (eds.), Behavioral ecology, an evolutionary approach. Vol. Sinauer Assoc. Inc., Sunderland, MA, pp. 122-147.
Pulliam, H.R. 1988. Sources, sinks, and population regulation. Am. Nat. 132:652-661.
Pulliam, H.R., and B.J. Danielson. 1991. Sources, sinks and habitat selection: A landscape perspective on population dynamics. Am. Nat. 137:S50-S66.
Puotinen, M.L. 1994. Designing effective baseline monitoring programs for the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park, Queensland, Australia. Coastal management. New York NY [COAST. MANAGE.]. 22:391-398.
Pyle, P., L.B. Spear, W.J. Sydeman, and D.G. Ainley. 1991. The effects of experience and age on the breeding performance of western gulls. Auk. 108:25-33.
Quang, P.X. 1990. Confidence intervals for densities in line transect sampling. Biometrics. 46:459-472.
Quang, P.X., and E.F. Becker. 1996. Line transect sampling under varying conditions with application to aerial surveys. Ecology (Washington D C). 77:1297-1302.
Quillien, M.C., J.-Y. Monnat, G. Le Lay, F. Le Goff, E. Hardy, and C. Chastel. 1986. Avalon virus, Sakhalin group (Nairovirus, Bunyaviridae) from the seabird tick Ixodes (Ceratixodes) uriae White 1852 in France. Acta Virologica. 30:418-427.
Quinlan, A.V. 1970. Seasonal and spatial variations in the water mass characteristics of Muir Inlet, Glacier Bay, Alaska. M.S. Thesis, University of Alaska, Fairbanks, pp.
Quinlan, S.E., and J.H. Hughes. 1990. Location and description of a marbled murrelet tree nest site in Alaska, U.S.A. The Condor. 92:1068-1073.
Quinn, J.F., and D.O. Duggins. 1977. Rocky intertidal communities. In: Streveler, G.P. and I.A. Worley (eds). Dixon Harbor biological survey, final report on the summer phase of 1975 research. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Quinn, T.J., II, S.H. Hoag, and G.M. Southward. 1982. Comparison of Two Methods of Combining Catch-Per-Unit-Effort Data From Geographic Regions. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 39:837-846.
Quinn, T.P., and C. Groot. 1983. Orientation of chum salmon (Oncorhynchus keta) after internal and external magentic field. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 40:1598-1606.
Quinn, V. 1984. Killer whales deserve a better name. National Wildlife. Feb-Mar:47-51.
Quinn, T.P. 1991. Models of Pacific salmon orientation and navigation on the open ocean. J. Zool., Lond. 150:539-545.
Quinn, T.J., and N.J. Szarzi. 1993. Determination of sustained yield in Alaska's recreational fisheries. Alaska Sea Grant College Program. Anchorage, Alaska. 93-02.
Quinn, J.F. 1993. Harvest refugia in marine invertebrate fisheries: models and applications to the red sea urchin, Strongylocentrotus franciscanus. Amer. Zool. 33:537-550.
Quinn, J.F. 1998. Considerations for marine protected areas: Sizing and spacing. In: O. Magoon, H. Converse, B. Baird and M. Miller-Henson (eds.), California and the world ocean '97. Vol. Asce, Reston, VA (USA), pp. 260.
Quinn II, T.J., R.B. Deriso, and S.H. Hoag. 1985. Methods of population assessment of Pacific halibut. IPHC Sci. Rep. 72:
R2 Resources Consultants. 1999. Final study plan, Falls Creek (FFERC No. 11659) instream flow study, Gustavus Electric Company. Redmond, Washington.
Rabben, H., and D.M. Furevik. 1993. Application of heart rate transmitters in behaviour studies on Atlantic Halibut (Hippoglossus hippoglossus). Aquacult. Eng. 12:129-140.
Rabung, S.H. 1990. A comparison of two rearing sites of the giant kelp Macrocystis integrifolia in Sitka Sound, Alaska. Alaska Sea Grant College Program. Fairbanks, AK.
Rae, B.B. 1965. The food of the common porpoise (Phocaena phocaena). J. Zool., Lond. 146:114-122.
Rae, B.B. 1973. Additional notes on the food of the common porpoise (Phocoena phocoena). J. Zool., Lond. 169:127-131.
Raftery, A.E., and J.E. Zeh. 1991. Estimation of bowhead whale (Balaena mysticetus) population size.
Ragen, T.J. 1995. Maximum net productivity level estimation for the northern fur seal (Callorhinus ursinus) population of St. Paul Island, Alaska. Marine Mammal Science. 11:275-300.
Ralls, K., and B.L. Taylor. How viable is population viability analysis? In: The ecological basis of conservation. Vol. pp. 228-235.
Ralls, K., J. Ballou, and R.L. Brownell, Jr. 1983. Genetic diversity in California sea otters: theoretical considerations and management implications. Biol. Conserv. 25:209-232.
Ralls, K., and R.L. Brownell Jr. 1991. A whale of a new species. Nature. 350:560.
Ralls, K., B.B. Hatfield, and D.B. Siniff. 1995. Foraging patterns of California sea otters as indicated by telemetry. Can. J. Zool. 73:523-531.
Ralls, K., D.P. DeMaster, and J.A. Estes. 1996. Developing a criterion for delisting the southern sea otter under the U.S. endangered species act. Cons. Biology. 10:1528-1537.
Raloff, J. A (killer) whale of a mystery. Science News. 142:
Raloff, J. 1994. Something's Fishy. Science News. 146:8-9.
Raloff, J. 1996. Fishing for answers: deep trawls leave destruction in their wake -- but for how long? Science News. 150:268-271.
RaLonde, R. 1996. Paralytic shellfish poisoning: the alaska problem. Marine advisory program. Fairbanks, AK.
Ralph, C.J., J.F. Piatt, and K. Kuletz. 1991. Marbled Murrelet Workshop. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Alaska Fish and Wildlife Research Center.
Ralph, C.J., and S.L. Miller. 1991. Methods for surveys in southeast Alaska of seabirds and mammals in nearshore waters: a guide. U.S. Forest Service.
Ralph, C.J., G.R. Geupel, P. Pyle, T. Martin, and D.F. DeSante. 1993. Handbook of field methods for monitoring landbirds. U.S. Forest Service.
Ralph, C.J., S.K. Nelson, M.M. Shaughnessy, S.L. Miller, and T.E. Hamer. 1994. Methods for surveying for marbled murrelets in forests: a protocol for land management and research. Pacific Seabird Group.
Ralston, S. 1982. Influence of hook size in the Hawaiian deep sea handline fishery. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 39:1297 - 1302.
Ralston, S. 1990. Size selection of snappers (Lutjanidae) by hook and line gear. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 47:696-700.
Rankin, E.P. 1915. The halibut fishery of the Pacific Coast. California Fish and Game. 1:116-119.
Rappole, J.H. 1991. New harness design for attachment of radio tansmitters to small passerines. Journal of Field Ornithology. 62:335-337.
Rathburn, R.R. 1976. Processes of Russian-Tlingit acculturation in Southeastern Alaska. University of Wisconsin. Madison.
Ratti, J., and P. Saunders. 1983. Proposal for study of moulting Vancouver Canada geese (b.c. fulva) at Glacier Bay.
Rau, W.W., G. Plafker, and G.W. Winkler. 1977. Preliminary foraminiferal biostratigraphy and correlation of selected stratigraphic sections and wells in the Gulf of Alaska Tertiary Province. U.S. Geological Survey.
Raum-Suryan, K.L., and J.T. Harvey. 1998. Distribution and abundance of and habitat use by harbor porpoise, Phocoena phocoena, off the northern San Juan Islands, Washington. Fish. Bull. 96:808-822.
Raven, P.H.e.a. 1993. A biological survey for the nation. National Academy Press, Washington, D.C. 1-205 pp.
Ray, G.C. 1976. Exploration of the concept of marine biosphere reserves: what could be done and how. Moscow, USSR.
Rayner, J.M.V. 1991. The cost of being a bat. 350.
Read, A.J., and D.E. Gaskin. 1985. Radio tracking the movements and activities of harbor porpoises, Phocoena phocoena (L.), in the Bay of Fundy, Canada. 83:543-552.
Read, A.J., and D.E. Gaskin. 1988. Incidental catch of harbor porpoises by gill nets. J. Wildl. Manage. 52:517-523.
Read, A.J., and D.E. Gaskin. 1990. Changes in growth and reproduction of harbour porpoises (Phoecoena phocoena) from the Bay of Fundy. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 47(11):2158-2163.
Read, A.J. 1990. Age at sexual maturity and pregnancy rates of Harbour Porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) from the Bay of Fundy. 47:561-565.
Read, A.J. 1990. Reproductive seasonality in harbor porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) from the Bay of Fundy. 68:284-288.
Read, A.J. 1990. Estimation of body condition in harbour porpoises (Phocoena phocoena). Can. J. Zool. 68:1962-1966.
Read, A.J., and D.E. Gaskin. 1990. Changes in growth and reproduction of harbour porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) from the Bay of Fundy. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 47:2158-2163.
Read, A.J., S.D. Kraus, K.D. Bisack, and D. Palka. 1993. Harbor porpoises and gill nets in the Gulf of Maine. 7:189-193.
Read, A.J., and A.A. Hohn. 1995. Life in the fast lane: the life history of harbor porpoises from the Gulf of Maine. Mar. Mamm. Sci. 11:423-440.
Recchia, C.A., and A.J. Read. 1989. Stomach contents of harbour porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) (L.) from the Bay of Fundy. Can. J. Zool. 67:2140-2146.
Reddin, D.G., and P.B. Short. 1991. Postsmolt Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) in the Labrador Sea. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 48:2-6.
Redfern, R. 1983. Lituya Bay. In: R. Redfern (ed.), Making of a continent. Vol. Times Books, N.Y., pp. 101-103.
Redman, E. 1984. Account of a winter ascent west ridge of Mount Fairweather. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Reed, J.C. 1938. Some mineral deposits of Glacier Bay and vicinity, Alaska. Economic Geology. 33:52-80.
Reed, P.H. 1969. Culture methods and effects of temperature and salinity on survival and growth of Dungeness crab (Cancer magister) larvae in the laboratory. Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada. 26(2):389-397.
Reed, J.M., J.R. Walters, T.E. Emigh, and D.E. Seaman. 1993. Effective Population Size in Red-Cockaded Woodpeckers Population and Model Differences. Cons. Biology. 7:302-308.
Reed, J.M., and A.P. Dobson. 1993. Behavioural constraints and conservation biology: Conspecific attraction and recruitment. Trends in Ecology & Evolution. 8:253-256.
Reeves, J.E. Groundfish of the Gulf of Alaska.
Reeves, R.R. 1977. The problem of Gray Whale (Eschrichtius robustus) harassment: at the breeding lagoons and during migration. U.S. Marine Mammal Commission.
Reeves, J.E. 1984. Kodiak king crab modeling project, progress report. Ak. Dept. Fish Game, Div. Comm. Fish. Manage. Dev., Unpubl. Rpt. Juneau:-.
Reeves, R.R., S. Leatherwood, S.A. Karl, and E.R. Yohe. 1985. Whaling results at Akutan (1912-1932) and Port Hobron (1926-37), Alaska. International Whaling Commission. San Diego.
Reeves, J.E. 1990. Evaluation of some errors in estimating recruitment for the Bristol Bay red king crab stock-recruit relationship. Anchorage, Alaska.
Reeves, R.R., B.S. Stewart, and S. Leatherwood. 1992. Sierra Club Handbook of Seals and Sirenians. Sierra Club Books, San Francisco, CA. 359 pp.
Reeves, J.E. 1993. Use of lower minimum size limits to reduce discards in the Bristol Bay red king crab (paralithodes camtschaticus) fishery.
Reeves, R.R., R.J. Hofman, G.K. Silber, and D. Wilkinson. 1996. Acoustic deterrence of harmful marine mammal-fishery interactions: Proceedings of a workshop held in Seattle, Washington, 20-22 March 1996. National oceanic and atmospheric administration. Seattle, WA.
Reeves, R.R., P.J. Clapham, R.L. Brownell, Jr., and G.K. Silber. 1998. Recovery plan for the blue whale. Office of Protected Resources, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Silver Spring, Maryland.
Regehr, H.M., and W.A. Montevecchi. 1997. Interactive effects of food shortage and predation on breeding failure of Black-Legged Kittiwakes: Indirect effects of fisheries activities and implications for indicator species. Marine Ecol. Prog. Rep. 155:249-260.
Regehr, H.M., M.S. Rodway, and W.A. Montevecchi. 1998. Antipredator benefits of nest-site selection in Black-legged Kittiwakes. Can. J. Zool. 76:910-915.
Reid, H.F. 1891. Report of an expedition to Muir Glacier, Alaska, with determinations of latitude and the magnetic elements at Camp Muir, Glacier Bay. U.S. Coast and Geodetic Survey 8945.
Reid, H.F. 1892. Studies of Muir Glacier, Alaska. National Geographic. 4:19-84.
Reid, H.F. 1896. Glacier Bay and its glaciers. In: Walcott, C.D. ed. U.S. Geological Survey.
Reid, H.F. 1897. Variations of glaciers. II. Journal of Geology. 5:378-383.
Reid, H.F. 1913. Variations of glaciers. XVII. Journal of Geology. 21:422-426.
Reid, H.F. 1915. Variations of glaciers. XIX. Journal of Geology. 23:548-553.
Reid, G.M. 1961. Stomach content analysis of troll caught salmon in southeastern Alaska. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.
Reid, N.J. 1968. Ecosystem management in the national parks. In: Transactions.
Reid, W.V. 1987. The cost of reproduction in the Glaucous-winged Gull. Oceanus. 74:458-467.
Reid, W.V. 1988. Fledging success of experimentally enlarged broods of the Glaucous-winged Gull. Wilson Bulletin. 100:476-482.
Reid, W.V. 1988. Population dynamics of the Glaucous-winged Gull. Journal of Wildlife Management. 52:763-770.
Reid, W.V. 1988. Age-specific patterns of reproduction in the Glaucous-winged Gull: Increased effort with age? Ecology. 69:1454-1465.
Reijnders, P.J.H. 1976. The harbour seal (Phoca vitulina) population in the Dutch Wadden Sea: size and composition. Netherlands Journal of Sea Research. 10:223-235.
Reijnders, P.J.H. 1978. Recruitment in the harbour seal (Phoca vitulina) population in the Dutch Wadden Sea. Netherlands Journal of Sea Research. 12(2):164-179.
Reijnders, P.J.H. 1986. Reproductive failure in common seals feeding on fish from polluted coastal waters. 324.
Reilly, P.N. 1983. Predation on Dungeness crabs, Cancer magister, in Central California. In: P.W. Wild and R.N. Tasto (eds.), Life history, environment, and mariculture studies of the Dungeness crab, (Cancer magister), with emphasis on the central California fishery resource. Vol. 172. California Department of Fish and Game, pp. 155-164.
Reilly, P.N. 1983. Dynamics of Dungeness crab, Cancer magister, larvae off Central and Northern California. In: P.W. Wild and R.N. Tasto (eds.), Life history, environment, and mariculture studies of the Dungeness crab, (Cancer magister), with emphasis on the central California fishery resource. Vol. 172. California Department of Fish and Game, pp. 57-84.
Reilly, P.N. 1983. Ocean and estuarine conditions during Dungeness crab critical stage larval studies. In: P.W. Wild and R.N. Tasto (eds.), Life history, environment, and mariculture studies of the Dungeness crab, (Cancer magister), with emphasis on the central California fishery resource. Vol. 172. California Department of Fish and Game, pp. 43-56.
Reilly, P.N. 1983. Effects of commercial trawling on Dungeness crab survival. In: P.W. Wild and R.N. Tasto (eds.), Life history, environment, and mariculture studies of the Dungeness crab, (Cancer magister), with emphasis on the central California fishery resource. Vol. 172. California Department of Fish and Game, pp. 165-170.
Reilly, S.B., and J. Barlow. 1985. Rates of increase in dolphin populations. Fish. Bull. 84:527-533.
Reimnitz, E., and G. Plafker. 1976. Marine gold placers along the Gulf of Alaska margin. U.S. Geological Survey.
Reiners, W.A., I.A. Worley, and D.B. Lawrence. 1971. Plant diversity in a chronosequence at Glacier Bay, Alaska. Ecology. 52:55-69.
Reiser, M.H., and J.P. Ward. 1990. Bald Eagle Habitat Use and Evaluation of Management Zones near Juneau, Alaska. USDA Forest Service. Overgaard, AZ.
Reiter, J., N.L. Stinson, and B.J. Le Boeuf. 1978. Northern elephant seal development: The transition from weaning to nutritional independence. Behav. Ecol. & Sociobiol. 3:337-367.
Rempel, R.S., A.R. Rodgers, and K.F. Abraham. 1995. Performance of a gps animal location system under boreal forest canopy. Journal Of Wildlife Management. 59:543-551.
Renouf, D., Gaborko, Galway, and Finlayson. 1981. The effect of disturbance on the daily movements of harbor seals and grey seals between the sea and their hauling grounds on Miquelon. Appl. Anim. Ethol. 7:373-379.
Renouf, D., J. Lawson, and L. Gaborko. 1983. Attachment between harbour seal (Phoca vitulina) mothers and pups. Journal of the Zoological Society of London. 199:179-187.
Renouf, D. 1989. Sensory function in the harbor seal. Scientific American. April 1989:90-95.
Renouf, D., and R. Gales. 1994. Seasonal variation in the metabolic rate of harp seals: unexpected energetic economy in the cold ocean. Can. J. Zool. 72:1625-1632.
Repenning, C.A. 1976. Adaptive evolution of sea lions and walruses. Systematic Zoology. 25:375-390.
Research, C.f. 1994. Orca Log. Center for Whale Research. Friday Harbor, WA.
Rettew, J.H. 1991. Persistent marine beach debris survey, Lester and Young Islands, Glacier Bay National Park, Gustavus, Alaska. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Rettew, J.H. 1991. Young Island vessel and whale survey; Glacier Bay National Park. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Reyer, T.C. 1993. High-latitude oceanic variability associated with the 18.6-year nodal tide. Journal of Geophysical Research. 98:4639-4644.
Reynolds, P.E. 1989. An experimental satellite collar for muskoxen. Can. J. Zool. 67:1122-1124.
Reynolds, T.D., and J.W. Laundré. 1990. Time intervals for estimating pronghorn and coyote home ranges and daily movements. J. Wildl. Manage. 54:316-322.
Rice, D.W. 1963. Progress report on biological studies of the larger cetaceans in the waters off California. Norsk Hvalfangst-Tid. 52:181-187.
Rice, D.W. 1968. Stomach contents and feeding behavior of killer whales in the eastern North Pacific. Norsk Hvalfangst-Tid. 57:35-38.
Rice, D.W. 1971. The Life History of the Gray Whale (Eschrichtius robustus). American Society of Mammalogists, 141 pp.
Rice, T. 1973. Marine shells of the Pacific Coast. Erco, Inc., Tacoma. 103 pp.
Rice, D.W., and A.A. Wolman. 1975. Humpback whales of southeastern Alaska: aerial and vessel censuses. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Rice, D.W. 1977. The humpback whale in the North Pacific: distribution, exploitation and numbers. U.S. National Marine Fisheries Service. Springfield, Virginia.
Rice, D.W. 1981. Status of the eastern Pacific (California) stock of the gray whale. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Rome. III: General Papers and Large Cetaceans.
Rice, D.W., and A.A. Wolman. 1982. Whale census in the Gulf of Alaska June to August 1980. Report of the Institute of Freshwater Research Drottingham. 32:491-497.
Rice, D.W., A.A. Wolman, and H.W. Braham. 1984. The gray whale, Eschrictius robustus. 46:7-14.
Rice, J. 1996. Marbled murrelet assessment for the Bartlett Cove visitor experience enhancement and opportunity expansion. U.S. National Park Service, Denver Service Center.
Rich, P.H., and R.G. Wetzel. 1969. Limnology and Oceanography. 14:611-613.
Richard, P.R. 1990. Status of the belugas (Delphinapterus leucas) of southeast Baffin Island, Northwest Territories. Can. Field-Nat. 105:206-214.
Richard, P.R. 1991. Abundance and distribution of narwals (Monodon monoceros) in northern Hudson Bay. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 48:276-283.
Richards, R.A., J.S. Cobb, and M.J. Fogarty. 1983. Effects of behavioral interactions on the catchability of American lobster, Homarus americanus, and two species of Cancer crab. Fish. Bull. 81(1):51-60.
Richards, L.J., and A.J. Cass. 1985. Transect counts of rockfish in the Strait of Georgia from the submersible PISCES IV, October and November 1984. Can. Data Rep. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 102 pp.
Richards, H., and A. Gorham. 1986. The demise of the U.S. halibut fishery moratorium: A review of the controversy. Part 1: History of the Pacific halibut fishery pre-FCMA. Orcas Island, WA (USA). no. 86-4.
Richards, D.V. 1987. Rocky intertidal ecological monitoring in Channel Islands National Park, California 1986-1987. Channel Islands National Park Natural Science Reports. Ventura, California.
Richards, A.R. 1992. Habitat selection and predator avoidance: ontogenetic shifts in habitat use by the Jonah crab Cancer borealis (Stimpson). Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology. 156:187-197.
Richardson, B.J. 1975. r and k selection in kangaroos. Nature. 225:323-324.
Richardson, M., G.M. Dunnet, and P.K. Kinnear. 1981. Monitoring seabirds in Shetland. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. 80B:157-179.
Richardson, W.J.e. 1984. Behavior, disturbance responses and distribution of bowhead whales (Balaena mysticetus) in the eastern Beaufort Sea, 1983. U. S. Minerals Management Service.
Richardson, W.J., M.A. Fraker, B. Würsig, and R.S. Wells. 1985. Behavior of bowhead whales (Balaena mysticetus) summering in the Beaufort Sea: reactions to industrial activities. Bio. Cons. 32:195-230.
Richardson, M.G. 1985. Status and distribution of the Kittiwake in Shetland in 1981. Bird Study. 32:11-18.
Richardson, J.W. 1991. Effects of noise on marine mammals: executive summary. U.S. Department of the Interior.
Richardson, W.J., C.R. Greene, C.I. Malme, and D.H. Thomson. 1995. Marine Mammals and Noise. Academic Press, San Diego, Ca. 576 pp.
Richardson, K. 1997. Harmful or exceptional phytoplankton blooms in the marine ecosystem. In: Adv. Mar. Biol. Vol. Academic Press, pp. 303-385.
Ricketts, P.J. 1988. Use conflicts in Canada's National Marine Park policy. Ocean & Shoreline Management. 11:285-302.
Ridgway, S.H., and G.D. Johnston. 1965. Blood oxygen and ecology of porpoises of three genera. 151:456-458.
Ridgway, S.H. 1966. Dall porpoise, Phocoenoides dalli (true): observations in captivity and at sea. Norsk Hvalfangst-Tidende. 55:97-110.
Ridgway, S.H. 1972. Homeostasis in the marine environment. In: S.H. Ridgway (ed.), Mammals of the Sea:, Biology and Medicine. Vol. Charles C. Thomas, Springfield, Illinois, pp. 590-747.
Ridgway, S.H., R.J. Harrison, and P.C. Joyce. 1975. Sleep and cardaic rhythm in the gray seal. Scientific Reports Whales Research Institute, Tokyo. 187:553-555.
Ridgway, S.H., and D.A. Carder. 1983. Audiograms for large cetaceans: a proposed method for field studies.
Riedman, M.L., and J.A. Estes. 1988. Predation on seabirds by sea otters. Can. J. Zool. 66:1396-1402.
Riedman, M.L., and J.A. Estes. 1990. The sea otter (Enhydra lutris): behavior, ecology, and natural history. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.
Riedman, M. 1990. The pinnipeds: seals, sea lions, and walruses. University of California Press, Berkeley. 439 pp.
Riedman, M.L., J.A. Estes, M.M. Staedler, A.A. Giles, and D.R. Carlson. 1994. Breeding patterns and reproductive success of California sea otters. J. Wildl. Manage. 58:391-399.
Riemann, B., and E. Hoffmann. 1991. Ecological consequences of dredging and bottom trawling in the Limfjord, Denmark. Marine Ecol. Prog. Rep. 69:171-178.
Riemer, S.D., and R.F. Brown. 1994. Monitoring of human-wildlife interactions and disturbance of seabirds at Three Arch Rock NWR, 1993. Refuges and Wildlife. Portland, OR.
Riemer, S.D., and R.F. Brown. 1995. Observations of human activities and wildlife disturbance at Three Arch Rocks National Wildlife Refuge, May-September, 1994. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Portland, OR.
Rigby, P.W. 1984. Alaska domestic groundfish fishery for the years 1970 through 1980 with a review of two historic fisheries - Pacific cod (Gadus macrocephalus) and sablefish (Anoplopoma fimbria). Alaska Department of Fish and Game.
Rigby, P.W., D.R. Ackley, F. Funk, H.J. Geiger, G.H. Kruse, and M.C. Murphy. 1995. Management of marine fisheries resources of Alaska: a report to the northern forum. ADFG. Juneau, Alaska.
Riget, F., and J. Bole. 1989. Fishery and some biological aspects of Greenland halibut (Reinhardtius hippoglossoides) in West Greenland waters. Northwest Atl Fish Organ Sci Counc Stud. 41-52.
Rigg, G.B. 1917. Forest succession and rate of growth in sphagnum bogs. J. Fisheries Biol. 15:726-739.
Rigg, G.B. 1937. Some raised bogs of southeastern Alaska with notes on flat bogs and muskegs. American Journal of Botany. 24:194-198.
Risting, S. 1912. The humpback whale. Knolhvalen. 31:437-449.
Ritter, J. 1978. Glacier Bay National Monument, Alaska: bear management plan. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Ritter, T.J. 1978. Visitor access over coastal waterways. U.S. Forest Service and The University of Washington. Seattle.
Rivers, M. 1982. Bartlett Cove bears. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Robards, M., and J.F. Piatt. 1996. Everything you wanted to know about beach seining in lower Cook Inlet but were afraid to ask. Biological Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey. Anchorage.
Robards, M.D., J.F. Piatt, A.B. Kettle, and A.A. Abookire. 1999. Temporal and geographic variation in fish populations in nearshore and shelf areas of lower Cook Inlet, Alaska. Fish. Bull. 97:962-977.
Robards, M.D., J.F. Piatt, and G.A. Rose. 1999. Maturation, fecundity, and intertidal spawning of Pacific sand lance in the northern Gulf of Alaska. J. Field Ornith. 54:1050-1068.
Robards, M.D., J.A. Anthony, G.A. Rose, and J.F. Piatt. 1999. Changes in proximate composition and somatic energy content for Pacific sand lance (Ammodytes hexapterus) from Kachemak Bay, Alaska relative to maturity and season. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology. 242:245-258.
Robards, M., J. Piatt, and G. Drew. 1999. Distribution and abundance of small schooling fish in nearshore areas of Glacier Bay, Alaska during June, 1999. Biological Resources Division, U. S. Geological Survey. Anchorage.
Robards, M.D., M.F. Wilson, R.H. Armstrong and J.F. Piatt. 1999. Sand lance: A reveiw of biology and predator relations and annotated bibliography. U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station. Portland, OR.
Robbins, J. 1984. Do not feed the bears.
Roberts, B.D., and S.A. Hatch. Behavioral ecology of Black-legged Kittiwakes (Rissa Tridactyla) during chick rearing in a failing colony. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Anchorage, Alaska.
Roberts, E. 1960. The day the bay ran over. U.S. Naval Institute Proceedings. 86:62-66.
Roberts, B.D. 1988. The behavioral ecology of breeding black-legged kittiwakes (Rissa tridactyla) on Middleton Island, Alaska. M.A. Thesis, University of California, Santa Barbara, pp.
Roberts, C.M., and N.V.C. Polunin. 1991. Are marine reserves effective in management of reef fisheries? Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries. 1:65-91.
Roberts, C.M. 1993. Effects of fishing on reefs: a massive uncontrolled experiment with community structure. Eastern Caribbean Center, University of the Virgin Islands, St. Thomas, US Virgin Islands. Key West, Florida.
Roberts, C.M., and N.V.C. Polunin. 1993. Marine reserves: simple solutions to managing complex fisheries? AMBIO. 22:363-368.
Roberts, B.D., and S.A. Hatch. 1993. Behavioral ecology of Black-legged Kittiwakes during chick rearing in a failing colony. The Condor. 95:330-342.
Roberts, C.M., and N.V.C. Polunin. 1993? Effects of marine reserve protection on northern Red Sea fish populations. University of Guam.
Roberts, C.M. 1994. Rapid build-up of fish biomass in a Caribbean marine reserve. Cons. Biology. 9:815-826.
Roberts, B.D., and S.A. Hatch. 1994. Chick movements and adoption in a colony of Black-legged Kittiwakes. Wilson Bulletin. 106:289-298.
Roberts, C.M. 1998. Sources, sinks, and the design of marine reserve networks. Fisheries. 23:16-19.
Robertson, W.D. 1989. Factors affecting catches of the crab Scylla serrata (Forskal) (Decapoda: Portunidae) in baited traps: soak time, time of day and accessibility of the bait. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science. 29:161-170.
Robichaud, D.A., R.F.J. Bailey, and R.W. Elner. 1989. Growth and distribution of snow crab, Chionoecetes opilio, in the southeastern Gulf of St. Lawrence. J. Shellfish Res. 8:13-23.
Robins, J.P. 1960. Age studies on the female humpback whale, Megaptera nodosa (Bonaterre) , in East Australian waters. Aust. J. Mar. Freshwat. Res. 11:1-13.
Robinson, A.M., and W.P. Breese. Spawning cycle of the weathervane scallop Pecten caurinus along the Oregon coast [USA]. Journal of Shellfish Research. 4:165-166.
Robinson, P. 1965. First ascent of Mount Case. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Robinson, W.L. 1980. Glacier Bay National Monument- commercial fishing. U.S. National Marine Fisheries Service.
Robinson, C.L.K. 1994. The influence of ocean climate on coastal plankton and fish production. Fisheries Ocean. 3:3:159-171.
Robison, B.H. 1993. New technologies for sanctuary research.
Robles, C., R. Sherwood-Stephens, and M. Alvarado. 1995. Responses of a key intertidal predator to varying recruitment of its prey. Ecology (Washington D C). 76:565-579.
Robus, M. 1993. Glacier Bay moose survey. Alaska Department of Fish and Game.
Rochcau, V. Orthodox Alaska: the origins of the Orthodox church in ALaska. Mount Edgecombe High School. Sitka, AK.
Roden, G.I. 1989. Analysis and interpretation of long-term climatic variability along the west coast of north america. Geophysical monograph. 55:93-111.
Rodin, V.E. 1990. Population biology of the king crab Paralithodes camtschatica Tilesius in the North Pacific Ocean. Anchorage, Alaska.
Rodway, M.S., W.A. Montevecchi, and J.W. Chardine. 1996. Effects of investigator disturbance on breeding success of Atlantic Puffins Fratercula arctica. Bio. Cons. 76:311-319.
Roehm, J.C. 1942. LeRoy Mining Company gold lode, Territory of Alaska. Department of Mines.
Roemmich, D., and J. McGowan. 1995. Climatic warming and the decline of zooplankton in the California current. Scientific Reports Whales Research Institute, Tokyo. 267:1324-1326.
Roeske, S.M., T.L. Pavlis, L.W. Snee, and V.B. Sisson. 1990. 40Ar/39Ar isotopic ages from the combined Wrangellia-Alexander terrane along the Border Ranges fault system in the Eastern Chugach Mountains and Glacier Bay, Alaska. In: Bradley, D.C. and A.B. Ford, eds. Geologic studies in Alaska by the U.S. Geological Survey, 1990. U.S. Geological Survey.
Roff, D.A. 1981. Reproductive uncertainty and the introduction of iteroparity: why don't flatfish put all their eggs in one basket? Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 38:968-977.
Roff, D.A., and W.D. Bowen. 1983. Population dynamics and management of the Northwest Atlantic harp seal (Phoca groenlandica). Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 919-932.
Roffe, T.J., and B.R. Mate. 1984. Abundances and feeding habits of pinnipeds in the Rogue River, Oregon. J. Wildl. Manage. 48:1262-1274.
Rogers, E.B. 1958. Glacier Bay National Monument, Alaska, history of legislation through the 82nd Congress. U.S. National Park Service, Washington, D.C. 19 pp.
Rogers, B.J., M.E. Wangerin, and D.E. Rogers. 1980. Seasonal composition and food web relationships of marine organisms in the nearshore zones of Kodiak Island - including icthyoplankton, zooplankton, and fish. University of Washington, Fisheries Research Institute.
Rogers, W., and S. Leatherwood. 1981. Observations of feeding at sea by a Peregrine Falcon and an Osprey. The Condor. 83:89-90.
Rogers, T.L., D.H. Cato, and M.M. Bryden. 1996. Behavioral significance of underwater vocalizations of captive leopard seals, Hydrurga leptonyx. Marine Mammal Science. 12:414-427.
Rogers-Bennett, L., W.A. Bennett, H.C. Fastenau, and C.M. Dewees. 1995. Spatial variation in red sea urchin reproduction and morphology: Implications for harvest refugia. Ecol. Appl. 5:1171-1180.
Rogers-Bennett, L. 1998. Marine protected areas and the Red Urchin Fishery. In: O. Magoon, H. Converse, B. Baird and M. Miller-Henson (eds.), California and the world ocean '97. Vol. Asce, Reston, VA (USA), pp. 412-423.
Roggenbuck, J.W., D.R. Williams, and A.E. Watson. 1993. Defining acceptable conditions in wilderness. Environ. Manage. 17:187-197.
Rohlf, D.J. 1990. Six biological reasons why the Endangered Species Act doesn't work -- and what to do about it. Cons. Biology.
Roman, J. 2000. Fishing for evidence. Audubon. January-February:54-59.
Romer, E. 1913. Some contributions to the Physiography of Glacier Bay, Alaska. Manuscript at World Data Center A: Glaciology. American Geographic Society, N.Y. pp.
Romer, E. 1929. A few contributions to the physiography of Glacier Bay, Alaska. Prezeglad Geograficzny. 9:253-279.
Ronald, K., and C.A. Thomson. 1981. Parturition and post partum behavior of a captive harbour seal, (Phoca vitulina). Aquat. Mamm. 8:79-90.
Roop, L.J., and C.L. Hunt. 1986. Application of aversive conditioning techniques to Yellowstone ecosystem grizzly bears. Wyoming Game and Fish Department.
Rose, R.H. 1966. Summary of geological survey preliminary report on the Glacier Bay National Monument mineral survey. U.S. Geological Survey.
Rose, C.S. 1999. Injury rates of Red King crab, Paralithodes camtschaticus, passing under bottom-trawl footropes. Marine Fisheries Review. 61:72-76.
Rosel, P.E., R. Tiedemann, and M. Walton. 1999. Genetic evidence for limited trans-Atlantic movements of the harbor porpoise Phocoena phocoena. Mar. Behav. and Physiol. 133:583-591.
Rosenberg, A.A., M.J. Fogarty, M.P. Sissenwine, J.R. Beddington, and J.G. Shepherd. 1993. Achieving sustainable use of renewable resources. Scientific Reports Whales Research Institute, Tokyo. 262:828-829.
Roseneau, D.G., A.M. Springer, E.C. Murphy, and M.I. Springer. 1985. Population and trophics studies of seabirds in the northern Bering and eastern Chukchi seas, 1981. U.S. Department of Commerce, NOAA. Anchorage, Alaska.
Roseneau, D.G., and G.V. Byrd. 1996. Using Pacific halibut to sample the availability of forage fishes to seabirds: abstract. In: Vol. pp. 231-241.
Rosenfeld, M., M. George, and J.M. Terhune. 1988. Evidence of autumnal harbour seal, Phoca vitulina, movement from Canada to the United States. Can. Field-Nat. 102(3):527-529.
Rosenkranz, G.E., A.V. Tyler, G.H. Kruse, and H.J. Niebauer. 1998. Relationship between wind and year class strength of tanner crabs in the southeastern Bering Sea. AK. Fish. Res. Bull. 5:18-24.
Rosenthal, R.J., and D.C. Barilotti. 1973. Feeding behavior of transplanted sea otters and community interactions off Chichagof Island, Southeast Alaska. California Institute of Technology.
Rosenthal, R.J., V. Moran-O'connell, and M.C. Murphy. 1988. Feeding ecology of ten species of rockfishes (Scorpaenidae) from the Gulf of Alaska [USA]. California Fish and Game. 74:16-37.
Ross, D. 1977. Mechanics of underwater noise. Pergamon press, Pasedena, CA. 346 pp.
Ross, D. 1993. On ocean underwater ambient noise. Acoustics Bull. January/February:5-8.
Rossi, R.E., D.J. Mulla, A.G. Journel, and E.H. Franz. 1989. Geostatistical tools for modeling and interpreting ecological spatial dependence. Ecol. Monogr. 62:277-314.
Rossi, R.E., D.J. Mulla, A.G. Journel, and E.H. Franz. 1992. Geostatistical tools for modeling and interpreting ecological spatial dependence. Ecol. Monogr. 62:277-314.
Rossman, D.L. 1957. Ilmenite-bearing beach sands near Lituya Bay, Alaska. U.S. Geological Survey.
Rossman, D.L. 1959. Geology and ore deposits in the Reid Inlet area, Glacier Bay, Alaska. U.S. Geological Survey.
Rossman, D.L. 1963. Geology and petrology of two stocks of layered gabbro in the Fairweather Range, Alaska. U.S. Geological Survey.
Rossman, D.L. 1963. Geology of the eastern part of the Mt. Fairweather quadrangle, Glacier Bay, Alaska. U.S. Geological Survey.
Rothlisberg, P.C., J.A. Church, and A.M.G. Forbes. 1983. Modeling the advection of vertically migrating shrimp larve. J. Mar. Biol. Assoc. (UK). 41:511-538.
Rotterman, L.M., and T. Simon-Jackson. 1988. Sea otter. In: J.W. Lentfer (ed.), Selected marine mammals of Alaska: species accounts with research and management recommendations. Vol. U.S. Marine Mammal Commission, Washington, D. C., pp. 237-275.
Rotunno, R. 1994. A synopsis of coastal meteorology: a review of the state of the science. In: Environmental science in the coastal zone: issues for further research. Vol. National Academy Press, Washington D.C, pp. 14-19.
Rounds, P.M., C. Brodersen, and M.M. Babcock. 1990. Effects of cohort density and habitat on survival and growth of juvenile red king crab, Paralithodes camtschatica. Anchorage, Alaska.
Roush, K. 1990. Humpback whale studies in Glacier Bay, summer 1990. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Roussel, J.-M., A. Haro, and R.A. Cunjak. 2000. Field test of a new method for tracking small fishes in shallow rivers using passive integrated transponder (PIT) technology. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Science. 57:1326-1329.
Rowe, D.K., J.E. Thorpe, and A.M. Shanks. 1991. Role of fat stores in the maturation of male Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 48:405-413.
Rowley, J. 1929. Life history of the sea-lions on the California coast. Journal of Mammalogy. 10:1-37.
Rowley, R.J. 1990. An assessment of the impacts of marine reserves on fisheries (Draft: not to be used for citation). Department of Conservation. Wellington, New Zealand.
Rowley, R.J. 1994. Marine reserves in fisheries management. Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems. 4:233-254.
Royce, W.F. 1989. Managing Alaska's salmon fisheries for a prosperous future. Fisheries. 14:8-13.
Rørvik, e.a. 1985. Report of the scientific committee, annex F (minke whales), sub-committee on northern hemisphere minke whales. Rep. Int. Whal. Commn. 35:90-98.
Rubenstein, D.I. 1978. On predation, competition, and advantages of group living. Perspectives in Ethology. 3:205-231.
Ruckelshaus, M.H., and C.G. Hays. 1997? Conservation and management of species in the sea. In: Broad brushes and taxonomic tours: summaries of the natural world. Vol. pp.
Rudebeck, G. 1950. The choice of prey and modes of hunting of predatory birds with special reference to their selective effect. Oikos. 2:66-88.
Rudstam, L.G., R.C. Lathrop, and S.R. Carpenter. 1993. The rise and fall of a dominant planktivore: direct and indirect effects on zooplankton. Ecology. 74:303-319.
Rugh, D. 1975. Bird and mammal observations, Glacier Bay National Monument.
Rugh, D.J. 1977. Birds. In: Streveler, G.P. and I.A. Worley (eds). Dixon Harbor Biological Survey, final report on the summer phase of 1975 research. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Rugh, D.J., J.M. Breiwick, M.E. Dahlheim, and G.C. Boucher. 1993. A comparison of independent, concurrent sighting records from a shore-based count of gray whales. Wildl. Soc. Bull. 21:427-437.
Runde, O.J., and R.T. Barrett. 1981. Variations in egg size and incubation period of the Kittiwake Rissa tridactyla in Norway. Ornis Scandinavica. 12:80-86.
Rusanowski, P.C., L.A. Gardner, S.C. Jewett, and C.A. King. 1990. Trace metal concentrations in red king crab from Norton Sound. Anchorage, Alaska.
Russ, G.R. 1996. Marine reserves: rates and patterns of recovery and decline of large predatory fish. Ecol. Appl. 6:947-961.
Russ, G.R., and A.C. Alcala. 1996. Do marine reserves export adult fish biomass? Evidence from Apo Island, Central Philippines. Marine Ecol. Prog. Rep. 132:1-9.
Russell, I.C. 1891. An expedition to Mount St. Elias, Alaska. National Geographic. 3:53-204.
Russell, I.C. 1892. Origin of the gravel deposits beneath Muir Glacier, Alaska. American Geologist. 9:190-197.
Russell, I.C. 1893. Second expedition to Mt. St. Elias. In: Powell, J.W. Thirteenth annual report of the U.S. Geological Survey 1891-92. Government Printing Office. Washington, D.C.
Russell, I.C. 1897. Muir Glacier. In: In: Glaciers of North America. Vol. Ginn, Boston, pp. 80-92.
Russell, D. 1995. Fishing down the food chain. The Amicus. 17:16-24.
Russell, D. 1997. Hitting bottom.
Ruzzante, D.E. 1991. Variation in agnostic behaviour between hatchery and wild populations of fish: a comment on Swain and Riddell (1990). Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 48:519-520.
Ryder, J.P. 1980. The influence of age on the breeding biolgoy of colonial nesting seabirds. In: J. Burger, B.L. Olla and H.E. Winn (eds.), Behavior of Marine Animals: Current Perspectives in Research. 4. Marine Birds. Vol. Plenum Press, New York, pp. 153-168.
Ryder, R.D. 1989. Animal revolution: changing attitudes towards speciesism. Basil Blackwell, 385 pp.
Rydén, O. 1970. On the behaviour in an alarm-evoking constant stimulus situation in a "natural experiment". J. Cons. Int. Explor. Mer. 111:48-53.
Ryer, C.H., and B.L. Olla. 1995. Influences of food distribution on fish foraging behaviour. Anim. Behav. 49:411-418.
Ryg, M., T.G. Smith, and N.A. Oritsland. 1990. Seasonal changes in body mass and body composition of ringed seals (Phoca hispida) in Svalbard. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 68:470-475.
Rykken, J. 1994. Observations of hoary marmots on Gloomy Knob, Glacier Bay, Alaska. University of Vermont, Field Naturalist Program,.
Rynes, N.J. 1992. Processes and deposits at temperate glacimarine grounding-lines documented from submersible video tapes. B.S. Thesis (Geology), Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, pp.
Ryther, J.H. 1969. Photosynthesis and fish production in the sea. Scientific Reports Whales Research Institute, Tokyo. 166:72-76.
Safina, C., J. Burger, M. Gochfeld, and R.H. Wagner. 1988. Evidence for prey limitation of Common and Roseate Tern reproduction. The Condor. 90:852-859.
Safina, C., and J. Burger. 1988. Ecological dynamics among prey fish, bluefish, and foraging common terns in an Atlantic coastal system. In: J. Burger (ed.), Seabirds and other marine vertebrates: competition, predation and other interactions. Vol. Columbia university press, New York, pp. 95-173.
Safina, C. 1995. The world's imperiled fish.
Safina, C. 1998. Scorched-earth fishing: trawling. Issues in Science and Technology. 14:33.
Saila, S.B. 1992. Application of fuzzy graph theory to successional analysis of a multispecies trawl fishery. Tr. Am. Fish. Soc. 121:211-233.
Saila, S.B. 1993. The use of multivariate trend analysis to provide preliminary multispecies management advice. Alaska Sea Grant College Program. University of Alaska Fairbanks. 93-02.
Sainte-Marie, B., J.-M. Sevigny, B.D. Smith, and G.A. Lovrich. 1996. Recruitment variability in snow crab (Chionoecetes opilio): Pattern, possible cause, and implications for fishery management. Alaska Sea Grant College Program. Anchorage, AK. 96-02.
Sainte-Marie, B., and D. Gilbert. 1998. Possible effects of changes in CIL temperature and thickness on population dynamics of snow crab, Chionoecetes opilio, in the Gulf of Saint Lawrence. Fisheries and Oceans Canada. Ottawa.
Salden, D.R. 1979. Supplementary observations concerning an ethogram of the killer whale, (Orcinus orca L.). Carnivore. 2:17-18.
Salden, D.R., L.M. Herman, M. Yamaguchi, and F. Sato. 1999. Multiple visits of individual humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) between Hawaiian and Japanese winter grounds. Can. J. Zool. 77:504-508.
Sale, P.F. 1990. Recruitment of marine species: is the bandwagon rolling in the right direction? TREE. 5:
Salisbury, O.M. 1962. The customs and legends of the Thlinget Indians of Alaska. Bonanza Books, New York. 275 pp.
Salmon, H.M., and R.M. Lockley. 1933. The Grassholm Gannets: a survey and census. British Birds. 27:142-152.
Salvanes, A.G.V., D. Aksnes, J.H. Fossa, and J. Giske. 1995. Simulated carrying capacities of fish in Norwegian fjords. Fisheries Ocean. 4:17-32.
Salvi, W.C., and D.R. Johnson. 1985. Glacier Bay backcountry user study 1984: statistical abstract. University of Washington, Cooperative Park Studies Unit, College of Forest Resources, Seattle.
Salzman, J.E. 1989. Scientistis as advocates: the Point Reyes Bird Observatory and gill netting in central California. Cons. Biology. 3:170-180.
Samuel, M.D., D.J. Pierce, and E.O. Garton. 1985. Identifying areas of concentrated use within the home range. J. Amer. Stat. Assoc. 54:711-719.
Samuel, M.D., and E.O. Garton. 1985. Home range: A weighted normal estimate and tests of underlying assumptions. Journal of Wildlife Management. 49:513-519.
Sandegren, F.E. 1970. Breeding and maternal behavior of the steller sea lion (Eumetopias Jubata) in Alaska. Master of Science, University of Alaska, College, Alaska. 1-138 pp.
Sanderson, G.C. 1966. The study of mammal movements - a review. J.Wildl. Manage. 30:215-235.
Sandgren, C.D., and M.G. Noble. 1978. Floristic survey of a subalpine meadow on Mt. Wright, Glacier Bay National Monument, Alaska. Northwest Science. 52:329-336.
Sandone, G.J., S. Sharr, and J.A. Brady. 1988. Prince William Sound commercial harvest of Pacific herring 1984-1987. Alaska Department of Fish and Game.
Sands, N.J., and J.P. Koenings. 1997. The biological assessment for the Southeast Alaska salmon fishery for 1997-2003 under section 7 of the Federal Endangered Species Act. Alaska department of fish and game. Juneau, AK.
Sanford, R.S., G.A. Apell, and F.A. Rutledge. 1949. Investigations of Muir Inlet for Nunatak molybdenum deposits, Glacier Bay, southeastern Alaska. U.S. Bureau of Mines.
Sanford, E. 1999. Regulation of keystone predation by small changes in ocean temperature. Scientific Reports Whales Research Institute, Tokyo. 283:2095-2097.
Sanger, G.A. 1972. Preliminary standing stock and biomass estimates of seabirds in the subarctic Pacific region. In: A.Y. Takenouti (ed.), Biological oceanography of the northern north Pacific ocean. Vol. Idemitsu Shoten, Tokyo, Japan, Tokyo, Japan, pp. 589-611.
Sanger, G.A. 1986. Trophic interactions between forage fish and seabirds in the southeastern Bering Sea. U.S. Department of the Interior, Minerals Management Service, Alaska OCS Region. Anchorage, Alaska.
Sanger, G.A. 1986. Diets and food-web relationships of seabirds in the Gulf of Alaska and adjacent marine regions. NOAA. Anchorage, Alaska. 45.
Sanger, G.A. 1987. Winter diets of common murres and marbled murrelets in Kachemak Bay, Alaska. The Condor. 89:426-430.
Sanger, G.A. 1987. Trophic levels and trophic relationships of seabirds in the Gulf of Alaska. In: J.P. Croxall (ed.), Seabirds: Feeding ecology and role in marine ecosystems. Vol. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, pp. 229-257.
Santos, M.B., G.J. Pierce, H.M. Ross, R.J. Reid, and B. Wilson. 1994. Diets of small cetaceans for the Scottish coast. International Council for the Exploration of the Sea, Marine Mammals Committee.
Santucci, V.L. 1998. Yellowstone Paleontological Survey. U.S. National Park Service, Yellowstone National Park, Yellowstone Center for Resources. Yellowstone National Park.
Santucci, V.L. 1999. Alaskan National Parks Paleontological Survey. National Park Service, Geologic Resource Authorities for the National Service. Kemmerer, WY.
Sarano, F., and M. Pichon. 1988. Morphology and ecology of the deep fore reef slope at Osprey Reef, (Coral Sea), 8-12 Aug. Townsville, Australia. 2.
Sarkar, S. 1999. Wilderness preservation and biodiversity conservation- keeping divergent goals disctinct. Bioscience. 49:405-412.
Sarkar, S. 1999. Wilderness preservation and biodiversity conservation -- keeping divergent goals distinct. Bio Science. 49:405-412.
Sartwell, J. 1997. A computerized system for analyzing wilflife radiotelemetry data. Missouri Department of conservation.
Sasakawa, Y. 1970. Effective reproduction intensity of the king crab on the west Kamchatka continental shelf over fifteen miles off the coast. Bull. Jpn. Soc. Sci. Fish. 36:906-913.
Sasaki, T. 1984. Sablefish fishery in the North Pacific Ocean. Bull. Far Seas Fish. Res. Lab. 21:83-114.
Sathyendranath, S., T. Platt, E.P.W. Horne, W.G. Harrison, O. Ulloa, R. Outerbridge, and N. Hoepffner. 1991. Estimation of new production in the ocean by compound remote sensing. Nature. 353:129-133.
Sauer, J.R., and S. Droege (eds). 1990. Survey designs and statistical methods for the estimation of avian population trends. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service,
Sauer, J.R., and R.H. Geissler. 1990. Estimation of annual indices from roadside surveys. In: J.R. Sauer and S. Droege (eds.), Survey designs and statistical methods for the estimation of avian population trends. Vol. 90. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Biological Report, pp. 58-62.
Savile. 1972. Evidence of tree nesting by the marbled murrelet in the queen charlotte islands. Can. Field-Nat. 86:389-390.
Savitz, J., and M. Thomas. 1985. Movements and habitat selection of introduced adult largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) in an Illinois Lake [USA]. Transactions of the Illinois State Academy of Science. 78:191-198.
Sayigh, L.S., P.L. Tyack, R.S. Wells, and M.D. Scott. 1990. Signature whistles of free-ranging bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus): stability and mother-offspring comparisons. Behav. Ecol. & Sociobiol. 26:247-260.
Schaefers, E.A. 1953. Shellfish explorations in certain southeastern Alaskan waters by the John N. Cobb, spring 1952. Commer. Fish. Rev. 15:1-18.
Schaeff, C. et al. 1991. Preliminary analysis of mitochondrial DNA variation within and between the right whalse species Eubalaena glacialis and Eubalaena australis. Reports of the International Whaling Commission (Special Issue 12). 220-222.
Schaffer, M. 1987. Minimum viable populations: coping with uncertainty. In: M.E. Soulé (ed.), Viable Populations for Conservation. Vol. University of Cambridge Press, Cambridge, pp. 69-86.
Schaffner, F.C. 1986. Trends in Elegant Tern and northern anchovy populations in California. The Condor. 88:347-354.
Scharti, M.e.a. 1995. Incorporation of subgenomic amounts of DNA as compensation for mutational load in a gynogenetic fish. Nature. 373:68-71.
Schauer, J.H.S., and E.C. Murphy. Predation of Common murre eggs and chicks at Bluff, Alaska. Institute of Arctic Biology and Department of Biology and Wildlife, University of Alaska Fairbanks.
Scheding, K., T.C. Shirley, C.E. O'Clair, and S.J. Taggart. 1999. Critical habitat for Ovigerous Dungeness crabs. Alaska Sea Grant College Program. Anchorage, Alaska.
Scheel, D., and K.R. Hough. 1997. Salmon fry predation by seabirds near an Alaskan hatchery. Marine Ecol. Prog. Rep. 150:35-48.
Scheffer, V.B. Experiments in the marking of seals and sea-lions. United States Department of the Interior
Fish and Wildlife Service.
Scheffer, T.H., and C.C. Sperry. 1931. Food habits of the Pacific harbor seal, Phoca richardii. J. Mamm. 12:214-226.
Scheffer, V.B., and J.W. Slipp. 1944. The harbor seal in Washington State. 32:373-416.
Scheffer, V.B. 1944. Another instance of fish preying on sea birds. Murrelet. 25:14.
Scheffer, V.B. 1949. The Dall porpoise, Phocoenoides dalli, in Alaska. J. Mamm. 30:116-121.
Scheffer, V.B. 1953. Measurements and stomach contents of eleven delphnids from the Northeast Pacific. The Murrelet. 34:27-30.
Scheffer, V.B. 1958. Seals, sea lions, and walruses. A review of the pinnipedia. Stanford Univ. Press, Stanford, CA. 179 pp.
Scheffer, V. 1967. Standard measurements of seals. Journal of Mammology. 48:459-462.
Schell, D.M. 1974. Uptake and regeneration of free amino acids in marine waters of southeast Alaska. Limnology and Oceanography. 19:260-270.
Schell, C.F., and K.P. Wade. 1996. A new perspective in strategic planning: the Great Smoky Mountains experience. The journal of the George Wright society. 13:63-67.
Schempf, P.F. 1989. Raptors in Alaska. Institute for Wildlife Research.
Schevill, W.E., and R.H. Backus. 1960. Daily patrol of a Megaptera. Journal of Mammology. 41:279-281.
Schevill, W.E. 1968. Sight records of Phocoena phocoena and of cetaceans in general. J. Mamm. 49:794-796.
Schevill, W.E., and W.A. Watkins. 1972. Intense low-frequency sounds from an antarctic minke whale (Balaenoptera acutorostrata). Breviora, Museum of Comparative Zoology. 388:1-8.
Schirokauer, D., and H. Maier. 1995. Twelve years of bear-human conflict management in Denali National Park and Preserve: an evaluation. U.S. National Park Service, Denali National Park and Preserve.
Schizas, N.V., and T.C. Shirley. 1996. Seasonal changes in structure of an Alaskan intertidal meiofaunal assemblage. Marine Ecol. Prog. Rep. 133:155-124.
Schizas, N.V., and T.C. Shirley. 1996. Seasonal changes in structure of an Alaskan intertidal meiofaunal assemblage. Marine Ecol. Prog. Rep. 133:115-124.
Schmidt, D. 1986. Evaluation of yield loss of the 1986 Kodiak Dungeness (Cancer magister) fishery related to softshell crab sorting. Alaska Department of Fish and Game, Commercial Fisheries Management and Development Division. Kodiak.
Schmidt, D., and D. Pengilly. 1990. Alternative red king crab fishery management practices: modelling the effects of varying size-sex restrictions and harvest rates. Anchorage, Alaska.
Schmidt, D.C., and D. Pengilly. 1993. Review of harvest strategies used in the management of Lithodid crab in Alaska. Alaska Sea Grant College Program. University of Alaska Fairbanks. 93-02.
Schmidt, K. 1994. Scientists count a rising tide of whales in the seas. Scientific Reports Whales Research Institute, Tokyo. 263:25-26.
Schmiege, D.C., A.E. Helmers, and D.M. Bishop. 1974. The forest ecosystem of Southeast Alaska: 8. Water. U.S. Forest Service.
Schnabel, Z.E. 1938. The estimation of the total fish population of a lake. American Mathematical Monographs. 45:348-352.
Schneider, K. 1973. Sea otter distribution and abundance in Alaska. Alaska Department of Fish & Game.
Schneider, K.B. 1973. Age determination of sea otter. State of Alaska, Department of Fish and Game, Division of Game.
Schneider, K. 1975. Survey of transplanted sea otter populations in Southeast Alaska April 30 - May 16, 1975. Alaska Department of Fish & Game.
Schneider, D., and G.L. Hunt, Jr. 1984. A comparison of seabird diets and foraging distribution around the Pribilof Islands, Alaska. In: D.N. Nettleship, G.A. Sanger and P.F. Spring (eds.), Marine birds: their feeding ecology and commercial fisheries relationships. Vol. Canadian Wildl. Serv. Spec. Publ., Ottawa, Canada, Ottawa, Canada, pp. 86-95.
Schneider, D.C., and J.F. Piatt. 1986. Scale-dependent correlation of seabirds with schooling fish in a coastal ecosystem. Marine Ecol. Prog. Rep. 32:237-246.
Schneider, S.H. 1989. The greenhouse effect: Science and Policy. Scientific Reports Whales Research Institute, Tokyo. 243:771-781.
Schneider, S.H. 1990. The global warming debate: science or politics? Environ. Sci. Technol. 24:432-435.
Schneider, D.C., R. Walters, S. Thrush, and P. Dayton. 1997. Scale-up of ecological experiments: Density variation in the mobile bivalve Macomona liliana. Journal of experimental marine biology and ecology. 216:129-152.
Schnell, G.D., D.J. Watt, and M.E. Douglas. 1985. Statistical comparison of proximity matrices: applications in animal behaviour. Animal Behavior. 33:239-253.
Schnute, J., and J. Sibert. 1983. The salmon terminal fishery: a practical, comprehensive timing model. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 40:835-853.
Schnute, J.T. 1992. Statistical analysis of embedded replicates in mark-recovery experiments. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 49:432-442.
Schoch, G.C., and M.N. Deithier. 1996. Scaling up: the statistical linkage between organismal abundance and geomorphology on rocky intertidal shorelines. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology. 201:37-72.
Schoen, J.W., M.D. Kirchoff, and M.H. Thomas. 1985. Seasonal distribution and habitat use by Sitka black-tailed deer in southeastern Alaska. Alaska Department of Fish and Game, Division of Game.
Schoen, J.W., and L. Beier. 1987. Brown bear habitat preferences and brown bear logging and mining relationships in southeast Alaska. Alaska Department of Fish and Game, Division of Game.
Schoen, J.W. 1988. Brown bear habitat preferences and brown bear logging and mining relationships in southeast Alaska. Alaska Department of Fish and Game, Division of Game.
Schoen, J., M. Kirchhoff, and J. Hughes. 1988. Wildlife and old-growth forests in southeastern Alaska. Alaska Department of Fish and Game.
Schoen, J.W., and L. Beier. 1989. Brown bear habitat preferences and brown bear logging and mining relationships in Southeast Alaska. Alaska Department of Fish and Game, Division of Wildlife Conservation.
Schoen, J.W. 1990. Ecology of brown bears on Admiralty Island, Alaska, an overview of ongoing research. U.S. National Park Service. Glacier Bay National Park & Preserve, AK. 1988.
Schoen, J., and L. Beier. 1990. Brown bear habitat preferences and brown bear logging and mining relationships in Southeast Alaska. Alaska Department of Fish and Game, Division of Wildlife Conservation.
Schoener, T.W. 1970. Nonsynchronous spatial overlap of lizards in patchy habitats. Ecology. 51:408-18.
Schoener. 1971. Theory of feeding strategies. Biological Laboratories. 369-404.
Schoener, T.W. 1981. An empirically based estimate of home range. Theor. Pop. Biol. 20:281-325.
Schoenherr, J.R. 1989. Blue whales feeding on high concentrations of euphuasiids around Monterey Submarine Canyon. Can. J. Zool. 69:583-594.
Schoenike, R.E. 1952. Glacier Bay National Monument expedition of 1952. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Schoenike, R.E. 1957. Influence of mountain avens (Dryas drommondii) on growth of young cottonwoods (Populus trichocarpa) at Glacier Bay, Alaska. Minnesota Academy of Science.
Schottler, U., E. Haverland, and D. Schiedek. 1989. Macrofauna in mud and sand of tropical and temperate tidal flats. Olsen & Olsen. Caen, France.
Schottler, U., E. Haverland, and S. D. 1989. Resettlement of benthic fauna in land reclamation areas after severe anthropogenic disturbance. Olsen & Olsen. Cain, France.
Schreiber, R.W., and E.A. Schreiber. 1984. Central Pacific seabirds and the El Nino Southern Oscillation: 1982 to 1983 perspectives. Scientific Reports Whales Research Institute, Tokyo. 225:713-716.
Schreiber, E.A., and R.W. Schreiber. 1989. Insights into seabird ecology from a global "natural experiment". National Geographic Research. 5:64-81.
Schroeder, M. Thoughts for bear management plan. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Schroeder, R.E. 1987. Effects of patch reef size and isolation on coral reef fish recruitment. Bull. Mar. Sci. 41:441-451.
Schroeder, M. 1989. Scoter survey comparison. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Schroeder, R.E. 1989. Enhancing fish recruitment through optimum reef design of artificial structures and marine reserves. TREE. 4:6-8.
Schroeder, M.T. 1990. The salmon resources of seven spawning streams within Glacier Bay National Park, Alaska - 1990 annual report. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Schroeder, R.F., and M. Kookesh. 1990. Subsistence harvest and use of fish and wildlife resources and the effects of forest management in Hoonah, Alaska. Alaska Department of Fish and Game. Juneau, Alaska.
Schroeder, M. 1991. Moose survey. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Schroeder, H. 1993. Ecology of the heart: restoring and sustaining the human experience of ecosystems. U.S. Forest Service, Washington, D.C.
Schroeder, R.F. 1995. Historic and contemporary Tlingit use of Glacier Bay. U.S. National Park Service. Glacier Bay National Park & Preserve, AK. 1993.
Schroeder, M. Undated. The uneasy balance: coexisting with bears of Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Schroeder, M. Undated. Research instructions: black-legged kittiwake: monitoring colony size and reproductive success. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Schroeter_etal. 1993. DetectingEcologicalEffectsBACI. Ecol. Appl. 4:
Schubel, J.R. 1994. Coastal Pollution and Waste Management. In: Environmental science in the coastal zone: issues for further research. Vol. National Academy Press, Washington D.C, pp. 124-148.
Schultz, D.A., T.C. Shirley, C.E. O'Clair, and S.J. Taggart. 1996. Activity and feeding of ovigerous Dungenss crabs in Glacier Bay, Alaska. Alaska Sea Grant College Program. Anchorage, Alaska. 96-02.
Schultz, D.A. 1996. Activity and feeding of female Dungeness crabs. Master of Science, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Juneau. 112 pp.
Schultz, D.A., and T.C. Shirley. 1997. Feeding, foraging and starvation capability of ovigerous Dungeness crabs in laboratory conditions. J. Crustacean Biol. 26:26-37.
Schulze, M.D., and D.F. Whitacre. 1999. A classification and ordination of the tree community of Tikal National Park, Peten, Guatemala. Bulletin of the Florida museum of natural history. 41:169-297.
Schusterman, R.J. 1974. Auditory sensitivity of a California sea lion to airborne sound. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America. 56:1248-1251.
Schusterman, R.J. 1981. Behavioral capabilities of seals and sea lions: a review of their hearing, visual, learning and diving skills. 31:125-143.
Schusterman, R.J., and P.W. Moore. 1981. Noise disturbance and audibility in pinnipeds. San Diego, CA.
Schwan, M.W. 1994. Rockfish. In: Wildl. Monogr. Vol. pp.
Schwarz, A.l., and G.L. Greer. 1984. Responses of Pacific herring (Clupea harengus pallasi) to some underwater sounds. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 41:1183-1192.
Schwarz, C.J., and W.T. Stobo. 1997. Estimating temporary migration using the robust design. Biometrics. 53:178-194.
Schwatka, F. 1900. Report of a military reconnaissance made in Alaska in 1883. In: Compilation of narratives of explorations in Alaska. Vol. Government printing office, Washington, D.C, pp. 283-362.
Schweger, C.E., and J.A.P. Janssens. Undated. Paleoecology of the Boutillus nonglacial interval, St. Elias Mountains, Yukon Territory, Canada. Yukon Refugium Project Contribution No. 45. Arctic and Alpine Research. 12:309-317.
Schweigert, J.F. 1993. Evaluation of harvesting policies for the management of Pacific Herring stocks, Clupea pallasi, in British Columbia. Alaska Sea Grant College Program. University of Alaska Fairbanks. 93-02.
Sciarrotta, T.C., and D.R. Nelson. 1977. Diel Behavior of the blue shark, prionace glauca, near Santa Catalina island, California. Fish. Bull. 519-528.
Scidmore, E.R. 1885. Bartlett Bay and the Hooniahs. In: E.D. Scidmore (ed.), Alaska, its southern coast and the Sitkan Archipelago. Vol. Lothrop, Boston, pp. 123-130.
Scidmore, E.R. 1885. Muir Glacier and Idaho Inlet. In: E.R. Scidmore (ed.), Alaska, its southern coast and the Sitkan Archipelago. Vol. Lothrop, Boston, pp. 131-152.
Scidmore, E.R. 1893. Glacier Bay. In: Appletons' guide-book to Alaska and the Northwest Coast. Vol. D. Appleton and company, New York, pp. 97-108.
Scidmore, E.R. 1896. The Discovery of Glacier Bay. National Geographic. April:140-146.
Scott, J.M., T.H. Tear, and L.S. Mills. 1995. Socioeconomics and the recovery of endangered species: Biological assessment in a political world. Cons. Biology. 9:214-216.
Scott, C.T. 1998. Sampling methods for estimating change in forest resources. Ecol. Appl. 8:228-233.
Scribner, K.T., J. Bodkin, B. Ballachey, S.R. Fain, M.A. Cronin, and M. Sanchez. 1997. Population genetic studies of the sea otter (Enhydra lutris): a review and interpretation of available data. In: A.E. Dizon, S.J. Chivers and W.F. Perrin (eds.), Molecular Genetics of Marine Mammals. Vol. 3. Society for Marine Mammalogy, pp. 197-208.
Scrimger, P., and R.M. Heitmeyer. 1991. Acoustic source-level measurements for a variety of merchant ships. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 89:691-699.
Seagars, D.J., S.L. Schliebe, and J. Warburton. 1989. Monitoring the U.S. harvest of Pacific walrus: 1980-1989. Fish and Wildlife Service, Marine Mammals Management Field Office.
Sealaska Corporation. 1975. Sites in Glacier Bay. In: Field investigations of archaeological sites, geographic areas V and VI of southeast Alaska. Vol. Juneau, Alaska, pp. 750-773.
Sealy, S.G. 1975. Aspects of the breeding biology of the marbled murrelet in British Columbia. Bird-Band. 46:141-154.
Sealy, S.G. 1977. Wing molt of the Kittlitz's murrelet. Wilson Bulletin. 89:467-469.
Seaman, D.E., and R.A. Powell. 1996. An evaluation of the accuracy of kernel density estimators for home range analysis. Ecology (Washington D C). 77:2075-2085.
Search, L. Literature search results for capelin, herring, and shrimp.
Seargeant, D.E. 1973. Environment and reproduction in seals. J. Reprod. Fert., Suppl. 19:555-561.
Searing, G.F. 1977. Some aspects of the ecology of cliff-nesting seabirds at Kongkok Bay, St. Lawrence Island, Alaska, during 1976. U.S. Department of Commerce, NOAA. Boulder, Colorado.
Sease, J.L. 1992. Harbor seals in Alaska. U.S. National Marine Fisheries Service.
Sease, J.L. 1992. Status Review Harbor Seals (Phoca vitulina) in Alaska. Alaska Fisheries Science Center. Seattle, WA.
Sease, J., J.P. Lewis, D.C. McAllister, R.L. Merrick, and S.M. Mello. 1993. Aerial and ship-based surveys of Steller sea lions (Eumetopias jubatus) in Southeast Alaska, the Gulf of Alaska and Aleutian Islands during June and July 1992. U.S. Dep. Commer., NOAA Tech. Memo. NMFS.
Seeb, J.E., G.H. Kruse, L.W. Seeb, and R.G. Weck. 1990. Genetic structure of red king crab populations in Alaska facilitates enforcement of fishing regulations. Anchorage, Alaska, USA,.
Seim, S.G., A.N. Golovkin, M.J. Wilson, and K.D. Wohl. 1997. Alaska-Russian Far East seabird bibliography. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Anchorage, AK. 289 pp.
Seitz, J.F. 1959. Geology of the Geike Inlet area, Glacier Bay, Alaska. U.S. Geological Survey.
Sekiguchi, K. 1995. Occurrence, behavior and feeding habits of harbor porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) at Pajaro Dunes, Monterey Bay, California. Aquat. Mamm. 21:91-103.
Selig, L., and C. Acuna. 1983. Natural history field notes. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Selig, L. 1984. Black bears in the Sandy Cove area. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Selig, L. 1985. Backcountry impact: Riggs Glacier. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Selkegg, L. 1978. Alaska Regional profiles: Southeast region. University of Alaska, Arctic Environmental Information and Data Center, Anchorage. 233 pp.
Sellars, R.W. 1997. Preserving nature in the national parks. Yale University Press, New Haven & London. 380 pp.
Selous, E. 1905. The Bird Watcher in the Shetlands; With Some Notes on Seals - and Digressions. J.M. Dent & Co., London. 388 pp.
Senchaudhuri, P., C.R. Mehta, and R. Nitin. 1995. Estimating Exact p Values by the Method of Control Variates or Monte Carlo Rescue. Journal of the American Statistical Assossiation. 90:640648.
Seppala, M. 1976. Taku Glacier, Alaska, stone roundness of moraines. Bulletin of the Geological Society of Finland. 48:87-94.
Seramur, K.C. 1988. Distribution of seismic facies and glacimarine sedimentary facies, Muir Inlet, Glacier Bay, Alaska. M.S. Thesis (Geology), Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, pp.
Seramur, K.C., and R.D. Powell. 1991 (in prep. for). Seismic facies and sedimentary facies of ice proximal glacimarine sediment. In: Sedimentology. Vol. pp.
Sergeant, D.E. 1969. Feeding rates of cetacea. FiskDir. Skr. Ser. HavUnders. 15:246-258.
Servat, G. 1993. A new method of preparation to identify arthropods from stomach contents of birds. Journal of Field Ornithology. 64:49-54.
Servheen, C., and W. English. 1979. Movements of rehabilitated bald eagles and proposed seasonal movement patterns of bald eagles in the Pacific Northwest. Raptor Res. 13:79-88.
Service, N.M.F. 1991. Recovery Plan for the humpback whale (Megaptera novaeangliae). Prepared by the humpback whale recovery team for the National Marine Fisheries Service, Silber Spring, MD. 105 pp.
Sevigny, J.M., and B. Sainte-Marie. 1996. Electrophoretic data support the last-male sperm precedence hypothesis in the snow crab, Chionoecetes opilio (Brachyura: Majidae). Journal of Shellfish Research. 15:437-440.
Shadwick, R.E., R.K. O'Dor, and J.M. Gosline. 1988. Respiratory and cardiac function during exercise in squid. Can. J. Zool. 68:792-798.
Shaefer, M.B. 1968. Methods of estimating effects of fishing on fish populations. Transactions American Fisheries Society. 97:231-241.
Shaffer, M.L. 1980. Determining minimum viable population sizes for the grizzly bear. International Association for Bear Management. Madison, Wisconsin.
Shaffer, M.L. 1981. Minimum population sizes for species conservation. BioScience. 31:131-134.
Shane, S.H., L. Tepley, and L. Costello. 1993. Life-threatening contact between a woman and a pilot whale captured on film. Marine Mammal Science. 9(3):331-336.
Shane, S.H. 1994. Occurrence and habitat use of marine mammals at Santa Catalina Island, California from 1983-91. Bull. Southern California Acad. Sci. 93(1):13-29.
Shane, S.H. 1994. Pilot whales carrying dead sea lions. Mammal Review. 58(3):494-498.
Shane, S.H. 1995. Relationship between pilot whales and Risso's dolphins at Santa Catalina Island, California, USA. Marine Ecol. Prog. Rep. 123:5-11.
Shapiro, A.E. 1982. Implications of construction of a flood control project upon bald eagle nesting activity. Wilson Bulletin. 94:55-63.
Sharma, G.D. 1970. Productivity and chemical cycling of silica in southeast Alaska. University of Alaska, Institute of Marine Science.
Sharma, G.D. 1970. Sediment-seawater interaction in glaciomarine sediments of southeast Alaska. Geological Society of America Bulletin. 81:1097-1106.
Sharma, G.D. 1970. Evolution of interstitial waters in recent Alaskan marine sediments. J. Reproductive Fertility, Suppl. 40:722-733.
Sharman, L., and K. Coghill. 1982. Spokane Cove bear survey and Sandy Cove recheck (after 6/82 survey). U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Sharman, L., and K. Coghill. 1982. Garforth Island bear survey. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National park and Preserve.
Sharman, L., and K. Kristensen. 1982. Sandy cove bear surveys plus stream surveys (June 17-23, 1982). U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Sharman, L.C. 1982. Wachusett Inlet intertidal surveys, August, 1982, second minus tide series. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Sharman, L., and K. Coghill. 1982. East arm preliminary moose browse survey. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Sharman, L., and E. Babcock. 1983. Willoughby Island deer survey. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Sharman, L., and P. Brown. 1983. Sandy Cove bear survey - June 15, 16, 17, 1983. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Sharman, L., P. Brown, and E. Babcock. 1983. Harbor seal survey, Johns Hopkins Inlet, June 22-25, August 10-13. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Sharman, L.C. 1987. Intertidal community development along a distance/age gradient in a tidewater glacial fjord. M.S. Thesis, University of Alaska, 224 pp.
Sharman, L. 1989. Why are there no starfish near the glaciers? (or) Marine intertidal "succession" in Glacier Bay: patterns, process, and comparison with terrestrial plant succession. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park & Preserve.
Sharman, L.C. 1990. Marine intertidal community development, following glacial recession in Glacier Bay, Alaska. U.S. National Park Service. Glacier Bay National Park & Preserve, AK. 1988.
Sharman, L. 1991. 1991 humpback whale prey studies in Glacier Bay. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Sharman, L.C. 1991. Fucus growth and tidewater glaciers: another piece in the intertidal community development puzzle. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Sharman, L.C., A.M. Milner, F.S. Chapin III, and D.R. Engstrom. 1995. Qualitative successional models in Glacier Bay: a comparison of terrestrial, marine, stream and lake ecosystems. U.S. National Park Service. Glacier Bay National Park & Preserve, AK. 1993.
Sharp, M. 1990. Geochemistry of subglacial calcites: implications for the hydrology of the basal water film. Arctic and Alpine Research. 22:141-152.
Shaughnessy, P.D., and F.H. Fay. 1977. A review of the taxonomy and nomeclature of North Pacific harbour seals. Journal of the Zoological Society of London. 182:385-419.
Shaul, L.D., P.L. Gray, and J.F. Koerner. 1985. Coded-wire tagging of wild coho (Oncorhynchus kisutch) stocks in SE Alaska, 1982-1983. Alaska Department of Fish and Game.
Shaw, C.G. 1962. Roderick Sprague, 1901-1962. Mycologia. 54:587-592.
Shaw, D.G., and M.J.e. Hameedi. 1988. Environmental studies in Port Valdez, Alaska; a basis for management. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. 423 pp.
Shaw, W.N., and T.J. Hassler. 1989. Species profiles: life histories and environmental requirements of coastal fishes and invertebrates (Pacific Northwest): Lingcod.
Shaw, D.M., and S.F. Atkinson. 1990. An introduction to the use of geographic information systems for ornithological research. The Condor. 92:564-570.
Shedd, D.H. 1982. Seasonal variation and function of mobbing and related antipredator behaviors of the American Robin (Turdus migratorius). Auk. 99:342-346.
Sheffield, G., J. Lewis, and L. Jemison. 1997. Summary of diet data collected from harbor seals in Southeast Alaska, Kodiak Island, and the Bering Sea, 1990-1996. Alaska Department of Fish and Game, Division of Wildlife Conservation. Anchorage, AK.
Sheldon, A.L. 1988. Conservation of stream fishes: patterns of diversity, rarity, and risk. Cons. Biology. 2:149-156.
Shenker, J.M. 1988. Oceanographic associations of neustonic larval and juvenile fishes and Dungeness crab megalopae off Oregon. Fish. Bull. 86:299-317.
Shepard, M. 1990. A vegetation pattern in relation to geomorphology on Strawberry Island in Glacier Bay, Alaska. University of Vermont, Department of Botany.
Sheperd, J.G. 1926. Smith prospect, Willoughby Island. Territory of Alaska. Department of Mines.
Shephard, M.E. 1995. Structure and composition of a forested beach ridge chronosequence on the Yakutat foreland, Alaska. U.S. National Park Service. Glacier Bay National Park & Preserve, AK. 1993.
Shepherd, S.A., and J.L. Baker. 1998. Biological reference points in an abalone (Haliotis laevigata) fishery. In: G. Jamieson and A. Campbell (eds.), Proceedings of the North Pacific symposium on invertebrate stock assessment and management. Vol. 125. Canadian Special Publication of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, pp. 235-245.
Sheppard, F.M. 1973. Submarine Geology. Harper and Row, New York, New York, 517 p. pp.
Sherrod, S.K., J.A. Estes, and C.M. White. 1975. Depredation of sea otter pups by bald eagles at Amchitka Island, Alaska. Journal of Mammology. 56:701-703.
Sherwood, N.M., A.L. Kyle, H. Kreiberg, C.M. Warby, T.H. Magnus, J. Carolsfeld, and W.S. Price. 1991. Partial characterisation of a spawning pherome in the herring (Clupea harengus pallasi). Can. J. Zool. 69:91-103.
Shields, J.D. The reproductive ecology and fecundity of Cancer crabs. unknown. 193-213.
Shields, J.D., R.K. Okazaki, and A.M. Kuris. 1990. Brood moratlity and egg predation by the nemertean, Carcinonemertes epialti,on the yellow rock crab, Cancer anthonyi, in Southern California. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 47:1275-1281.
Shields, J.D., D.E. Wickham, S.F. Blau, and A. Kuris. 1990. Some implications of egg mortality caused by symbiotic nemerteans for data acquisition and management strategies of red king crabs, Paralithodes camtschatica. Anchorage, Alaska.
Shields, J.D., R.K. Okazaki, and A.M. Kuris. 1991. Fecundity and the reproductive potential of the yellow rock crab Cancer anthonyi. Fish. Bull. 89:299-305.
Shiels, A.W. 1945. Tell me a stowry.
Shimada, A.M., and D.K. Kimura. 1994. Seasonal movements of Pacific cod, Gadus macrocephalus, in the eastern Bering Sea and adjacent waters based on tag-recapture data. U S National Marine Fisheries Service Fishery Bulletin. 92:800-816.
Shimek, S.J. 1977. The underwater foraging habits of the sea otter, Enhydra lutris. 63:120-122.
Shin, P. 1982. Multiple discriminant analysis of macrobenthic infaunal assemblages. J. Exp. Zool. 59:39-50.
Shine, K. 1990. Atmospheric chemistry: effects of cfc substitutes. Nature. 344:492.
Shirley, S.M., T.C. Shirley, and T.R. Meyers. Biology of the rhizocephalan parasite Briarosaccus callosus on Alaskan king crabs Paralithodes platypus, P. camrschatica, and Lithodes aequispina. unknown. 17-19.
Shirley, S.M., T.C. Shirley, and S.D. Rice. 1987. Latitudinal variation in the dungeness crab (Cancer magister): zoeal morphology explained by incubation temperature. Mar. Behav. and Physiol. 95:371-376.
Shirley, T.C., and S.M. Shirley. 1987. Seasonal abundance of red king crab larvae in Auke Bay, 1986.
Shirley, T.C., and S.M. Shirley. 1987. Seasonal abundance of red king crab larvae in Auke Bay - 1986. APPRISE.
Shirley, S.M., and T.C. Shirley. 1988. Appendage injury in Dungeness crabs (Cancer magister) in southeastern Alaska. Fish. Bull. 86:156-160.
Shirley, S.M., and T.C. Shirley. 1988. Behavior of red king crab larve: phototaxis, geotaxis and rheotaxis. Marine Behavior Physiology. 13:369-388.
Shirley, T.C., and S.M. Shirley. 1989. Temperature and salinity tolerances and preferences of red king crab larvae. Marine Behaviorial Physiology. 16:19-30.
Shirley, S.M., and T.C. Shirley. 1989. Interannual variability in density, timing and survival of Alaskan king crab (Paralithodes camtschatica) larvae. Marine Ecol. Prog. Rep. 54:51-59.
Shirley, S.M. 1990. Southeastern Alaska dungeness crab fisheries 1974-75 to 1989-90 seasons. Commerical Fisheries Entry Commission. Juneau, Alaska.
Shirley, S.M., and T.C. Shirley. 1990. Diel feeding periodicity of larvae of the red king crab, Paralithodes camtschatica. Anchorage, Alaska.
Shirley, T.C., S.M. Shirley, and S. Korn. 1990. Incubation period, molting and growth of female red king crabs: effects of temperature. Anchorage, Alaska, USA.
Shirley, S.M., and G.H. Kruse. 1995. Development of the fishery for weathervane scallops, patinopecten caurinus (Gould, 1850), in Alaska. Journal of Shellfish Research. 14:71-78.
Shirley, T.C.a.B., G., C.E. O'Clair, S.J. Taggart, and J.L. Bodkin. 1996. Sea otter predation on Dungeness crabs in Glacier Bay, Alaska. Alaska Sea Grant College Program. Anchorage, Alaska. 96-02.
Shirley, T.C., and S. Zhou. 1997. Lecithotrophic development of the golden king crab Lithodes aequispinus (Anomura: lithodidae. Journal of Crustacean Biology. 17:207-216.
Short, T.M. 1939. The summer birds of Yakutat Bay, Alaska. The Royal Ontario Museum of Zoology.
Shotridge, L. 1919. War helmets and clan hats of the Tlingit Indians. The museum journal. 1-2:43-48.
Shotridge, L. 1928. The emblems of the Tlingit culture. The museum journal. 4:350-377.
Shroer, K.L., N.D. Smith, and R.D. Powell. 1988. Sedimentation in the intertidal zone of a temperate proglacial fjord delta. In: Annual Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs. Vol. 20(7). pp. A265.
Shumway, S.E. 1991. Preface. In: Sarsia. Vol. Elsevier science publishers B.V., pp.
Shuntov, V.P. 1990. Biological and physical determinants of marine bird distribution in the Bering Sea. Canadian Wildlife Service. Royal British Columbia Museum, Victoria, B.C.
Shutler, D., and P.J. Weatherhead. 1994. Movement patterns and territory acquisition by male red-winged blackbirds. Can. J. Zool. 72:712-720.
Sidle, R.C. 1982. Report on site conditions in vicinity of LeRoy No. 1 mine, Ptarmigan Creek watershed, Glacier Bay National Park. U.S. Forest Service, Forestry Sciences Laboratory, Juneau.
Sidle, R.C. 1986. Transport of sediment and organic material in streams of coastal Alaska. Reykjavik, University of Iceland.
Sidle, R.C., and A.M. Milner. 1990. Physical factors influencing stream development in Glacier Bay National Park, Alaska. U.S. National Park Service. Glacier Bay National Park & Preserve, AK. 1988.
Sidle, R.C. 19XX. Stream development in Glacier Bay National Park, Alaska, U.S.A. Arctic and Alpine Research. 12:350-363.
Siegel, S. 1956. Nonparametric statistics for the behavioral sciences. McGraw-Hill, New York. 312 pp.
Siegel-Causey, D., and T.E. Meehan. 1981. Red-legged Kittiwakes forage in mixed-species flocks in southeastern Alaska. Wilson Bulletin. 93:111-112.
Siegel-Causey, D., and G.L. Hunt, Jr. 1981. Colonial defense behavior in Double-crested and Pelagic Cormorants. Auk. 98:522-531.
Siegfried, C.A., and A.W. Knight. 1975. Notes and discussion: the effects of washout in a Sierra foothill stream. Am. Midl. Nat. 98:200-207.
Siegfried, W.R., and L.G. Underhill. 1975. Flocking as an anti-predator strategy in doves. Animal Behavior. 23:504-508.
Siemenstad, G.A., and G.M. Cailliet. 1986. Contemporary studies on fish feeding: the proceedings of gutshop '84. Environ. Biol. Fishes. 16:
Sigler, M.F., and J.T. Fujioka. 1988. Evaluation of variability in sablefish (Anoplopoma fimbria) abundance indices in the Gulf of Alaska using the bootstrap method. Fish. Bull. 86:445-452.
Sigler, M.F., and J.T. Fujioka. 1988. Tracking short-term movements of sablefish using sonic telemetry.
Sigler, M.F., and J.T. Fujioka. 1988. Tracking short-term movements of sablefish using sonic telemetry.
Sigler, M.F., and J.T. Fujioka. 1993. A comparison of policies for harvesting sablefish, Anoplopoma fimbria, in the Gulf of Alaska. In: G. Kruse, D.M. Eggers, R.J. Marasco, C. Pautzke and T.J. Quinn II (eds.), Proceedings of the International Symposium on Management Strategies for Exploited Fish Populations. Vol. 93-02. Alaska Sea Grant College Program, Anchorage, Alaska, pp. 7-19.
Sigman, M. 1985. A regional overview of fish and wildlife use in SE Alaska. Alaska Department of Fish and Game.
Sigurjonsson, J., and A.V. Gisli. 1992. Investigations on the ecological role of cetaceans in icelandic and adjacent waters. Marine Research Institute, Programme for Whale Research, Reykjavik, Iceland.
Sikonia, W.G. 1982. Finite element glacier dynamics model applied to Columbia Glacier, Alaska. U.S. Geological Survey.
Silber, G. 1987. Can the Vaquita be saved? The answer will depend partly on whether Mexico stops the gillnet fishing now victimizing the species. May/June.
Silber, G.K. 1988. Recent sightings of the Gulf of California harbor porpoise, Phocoena sinus. Journal of Mammology. 69:430-433.
Silber, G.K., M.W. Newcomer, and H.M. Perez-Cortes. 1990. Killer whales (Orcinus orca) attack and kill a Bryde's whale (Balaenoptera edeni). Can. J. Zool. 68:1603-1606.
Silber, G.K., and M.A. Smultea. 1990. Harbor porpoises utilize tidally-induced internal waves. Bull. Southern California Acad. Sci. 89:139-142.
Silber, G.K. 1990. Occurence and distribution of the Vaquita Phocoena sinus in the northern Gulf of California. Fish. Bull. 88:339-346.
Silber, G.K., R.S. Wells, and K.S. Norris. 1990. A preliminary assessment of techniques for catching and radio-tagging harbor porpoises. U.S. Marine Mammal Commission. Santa Cruz.
Siljestrom, P., A. Moreno, and J. Rey. 1995. Seafloor characterization through side scan sonar image processing. Int. J. Remote Sens. 16:625-632.
Silva, J., and J.M. Terhune. 1988. Harbour seal grouping as an anti-predator strategy. Anim. Behav. 36:1309-1316.
Silverman, B.W. 1986. Density estimation for statistics and data analysis. Chapman and Hall, London, UK. pp.
Simard, Y., P. Legendre, G. Lavoie, and D. Marcotte. 1992. Mapping, estimating biomass, and optimizing sampling programs for spatially autocorrelated data: Case study of the northern shrimp (Pandalus borealis). Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 49:32-45.
Simberloff, D. 1988. The contribution of population and community biology to conservation science. Annu. Rev. Ecol. Syst. 19:473-511.
Simenstad, C.A., J.A. Estes, and K.W. Kenyon. 1978. Aleuts, sea otters, and alternate stable-state communities. Scientific Reports Whales Research Institute, Tokyo. 200:403-411.
Simenstad, C.A., and R.D. Powell. 1990. Benthic, epibenthic, and planktonic invertebrates in ice-proximal glacimarine environs: life in the turbidity lane. U.S. National Park Service. Glacier Bay National Park & Preserve, AK. 1988.
Simila, T. 1997. Sonar observations of killer whales (Orcinus orca) feeding on herring schools. Aquat. Mamm. 23:119-126.
Simons, T.R. 1980. Discovery of a ground nesting marbled murrelet (Brachyramphus marmoratus). The Condor. 82:1-9.
Simpkins, W.W. 1987. Hydrogeochemistry of the ice, glacial meltwater and ground water at the Burroughs Glacier, southeast Alaska: implications for Pleistocene-Age groundwater in the till deposits in Wisconsin. In: Deglaciation at the southeast end of Burroughs Glacier, Glacier Bay Alaska. University of Wisconsin, Department of Geology and Geophysics, and Department of Geography, Madison.
Simpkins, W.A., and D.M. Mickelson. 1990. Groundwater flow systems and geochemistry near the margin of the Burroughs Glacier. U.S. National Park Service. Glacier Bay National Park& Preserve, AK. 1988.
Simpson, R.R., and H.H. Shippen. 1968. Movement and recovery of tagged king crabs in the Eastern Bering Sea, 1955-63. International North Pacific fisheries commission. Seattle, WA.
Simpson, M., and E. Billman. 1976. Tlingit ways of long ago: Ch'aagu.adi. Sheldon Jackson Museum. Sitka, AK.
Simpson, J.J. 1992. Remote sensing and geographical information systems: Their past, present and future use in global marine fisheries. Fisheries Ocean. 1:3:238-280.
Sinclair, M. 1988. Marine populations.
Sinclair, E., T. Loughlin, and W. Pearcy. 1994. Prey selection by norther fur seals (Callorhinus ursinus) in the eastern Bering Sea. Fish. Bull. 92:144-156.
Singer, S.W., N.L. Naslund, S.A. Singer, and C.J. Ralph. 1991. Discovery and observations of two tree nests of the marbled murrelet. The Condor. 93:330-339.
Siniff, D.B., and e. al. 1982. Experiments on the response of sea otters (Enhydra lutris) to oil contamination. Bio. Cons. 23:216-272.
Sisak, M.M., and J.S. Lotimer. 1998. Frequency choice for radio telemetry: the HF vs. VHF conundrum. Hydrobiologia. 371-372:53-59.
Sisson, V.B., and T.C. Onstott. 1986. Dating blueschist metamorphism: a combined 40Ar/39Ar and electron microprobe approach. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta. 50:2111-2117.
Sisson, V.B., and L.S. Hollister. 1988. Low-pressure facies series metamorphism in an accretionary sedimentary prism, southern Alaska. Geology. 16:358-361.
Sisson, V.B., L.S. Hollister, and T.C. Onstott. 1989. Petrologic and age constraints on the origin of a low-pressure/high-temperature metamorphic complex, southern Alaska. Journal of Geophysical Research. 84:3492-4410.
Skalski, J.R. 1996. Regression of abundance estimates from mark-recapture surveys against environmental covariates. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 53:196-204.
Skjoldal, H., C. Hopkins, K.E. Erikstad, and H.P. Leinaas (eds). 1995. Ecology of fjords and coastal waters. Elsevier Science, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
Skud, B.E. 1959. Herring spawning surveys in southeastern Alaska. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.
Skud, B.E. 1960. Statistics of the Alaska herring fishery 1878-1956. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.
Skud, B.E. 1975. The sport fishery for halibut: development, recognition and regulation. International Pacific Halibut Commission.
Skud, B.E. 1977. Drift migration and intermingling of pacific halibut stocks. IPHC Sci. Rep. 63:
Slade, R.W., C. Moritz, and A. Heideman. 1994. Multiple nuclear-gene phylogenies: application to pinnipeds and comparison with a mitochondrial DNA gene phylogeny. Mol. Biol. Evol. 11(3):341-356.
Slaney, T.L., K.D. Hyatt, T.G. Northcote, and R.J. Fielden. Status of anadromous salmon and trout in British Columbia and Yukon: abstract. 21:20.
Slaney, P.A., and A.D. Martin. 1987. Accuracy of underwater census of trout populations in a large stream in British Columbia. North American Journal of Fisheries Management. 7:117-122.
Slater, P.J.B. 1980. Factors affecting the numbers of Guillemots Uria aalge present on cliffs. Ornis Scandinavica. 11:155-163.
Slater, L.M., and H. Markowitz. 1983. Spring population trends in (Phoca vitulina richardsi) in two central California coastal areas. California Fish and Game. 69(4):217-226.
Sleptsov, M.M. 1961. Observations of small cetaceans in far eastern seas and NW Pacific. Trudy Instituta Morfologii Zhivotnykh.
Slizkin, A.G. 1990. Tanner crabs (Chionoecetes opilio, C. bairdii) of the Northwest Pacific: distribution, biological peculiarities, and population structure. Anchorage, Alaska.
Sloan, N.A. 1985. Life history characteristics of fjord-dwelling golden king crabs (Lithodes aequispina). Marine Ecology - Progress Series. 22:219-228.
Sloan, N.A., and S.M.C. Robinson. 1985. The effect of trap soak time on yields of the deep-water golden king crab Lithodes aequispina Benedict in a northern British Columbia fjord. J. Shellfish Res. 5:21-23.
Sluka, R., M. Chiappone, and K.M. Sullivan. 1994. Comparison of juvenile grouper populations in southern florida and the central bahamas. Bull. Mar. Sci. 54:871-880.
Small, R.J., and D.P. DeMaster. 1995. Alaska marine mammal stock assessments 1995. U.S. Department of Commerce. Seattle, WA.
Small, R.J.a.D.P.D. 1995. Alaska Region Status Assessment Reports. National Marine Mammal Laboratory, Alaska Fisheries Science Center, Seattle, WA. Seattle, WA.
Small, R.J. 1995. Population assessment of harbor seals in Alaska. NMML, NMFS, Seattle, WA. Fairbanks, AK.
Small, R.J., G.W. Pendleton, and K.M. Wynne. 1997. Harbor seal population trends in the Ketchikan, Sitka, and Kodiak Island areas of Alaska. Alaska Department of Fish and Game, Division of Wildlife Conservation. Anchorage, AK.
Smelcer, J.E. 1992. The raven and the totem: traditional Alaska native myths and tales. Salmon run press, Anchorage. 149 pp.
Smelcer, J.E. 1992. Alaska Native oral narrative literature: a guidebook and bibliographic index. Salmon Run Press, Anchorage. 64 pp.
Smelcer, J.E. 1993. A cycle of myths: native legends from Southeast Alaska. Salmon run publishers, Anchorage. 104 pp.
Smith, P.S. 1933. Mineral industry of Alaska in 1931. U.S. Geological Survey.
Smith, P.S. 1934. Mineral industry of Alaska in 1932. U.S. Geological Survey.
Smith, P.S. 1942. Mineral industry of Alaska in 1940. U.S. Geological Survey.
Smith, G.F.M. 1944. The catchability of lobsters. Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada. 6(3):291-301.
Smith, N.G. 1966. Adaptations to cliff-nesting in some arctic gulls (Larus). Ibis. 108:68-83.
Smith, G.J.D., and D.E. Gaskin. 1974. The diet of harbor porpoises (Phocoena phocoena (L.)) in coastal waters of Eastern Canada, with special reference to the Bay of Fundy. Can. J. Zool. 52:777-782.
Smith, R.I., and J.T. Carlton (eds). 1975. Light's manual: Intertidal invertebrates of the central California coast. U.C. Berkeley Press, Berkeley.
Smith, D.L., and K.B. Johnson. 1977. A guide to marine coastal plankton and marine invertebrate larvae. Kendall/Hunt, Dubuque, Iowa. 221 pp.
Smith, C.A. 1980. Origin of a relict population of Salvelinus in Bear Creek of the Alsek River drainage, Yukon Territory. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 37:2352-2354.
Smith, R.C., K.S. Baker, and P. Dustan. 1981. Fluorometric techniques for the measurement of oceanic chlorophyll in the support of remote sensing. Scripps Institution of Oceanography.
Smith, T.G., and M.O. Hammil. 1981. Ecology of the ringed seal, Phoca hispida, in its fast ice breeding habitat. Can. J. Zool. 59:966-981.
Smith, C.A. 1986. Habitat use by mountain goats in southeast Alaska. Alaska Department of Fish and Game, Division of Game.
Smith, C.A., E.L. Young, C.R. Land, and K.P. Bovee. 1987. Predator-induced limitations on deer population growth in southeast Alaska. Alaska Department of Fish and Game, Division of Game.
Smith, C.A., R.E. Wood, L. Beier, and K.P. Bovee. 1987. Wolf-deer-habitat relationships in southeast Alaska. Alaska Department of Fish and Game, Division of Game.
Smith, L.H. 1987. A review of circulation and mixing studies of San Francisco Bay California.
Smith, R.L., A.J. Paul, and J.M. Paul. 1988. Pollock spawning in the Gulf of Alaska: contribution of carbon and energy to the pelagic system. University of Alaska. Anchorage, Alaska.
Smith, B.D., and G.S. Jamieson. 1989. A model for standardizing Dungeness crab (Cancer magister) catch rates among traps which experienced different soak times. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 46(9):1600-1608.
Smith, B.D., and G.S. Jamieson. 1989. Exploitation and mortality of male Dungeness crabs (Cancer magister) near Tofino, British Columbia. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 46:1609-1614.
Smith, B.D., and G.S. Jamieson. 1989. Growth of male and female Dungeness crabs near Tofino, British Columbia. Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. 118:556-563.
Smith, N.D. 1990. The effects of glacial surging on sedimentation in a modern ice-contact lake. Geological Society of America Bulletin. 102:1393-1403.
Smith, N.D. 1990. The effects of surging on a proglacial lake: Carroll Glacier, Wachusett Inlet. U.S. National Park Service. Glacier Bay National Park & Preserve, AK. 1988.
Smith, N.D., A.C. Phillips, and R.D. Powell. 1990. Tidal drawdown: a mechanism for producing cyclic sediment laminations in glaciomarine deltas. Geology. 18:1-13.
Smith, B.D., and G.S. Jamieson. 1990. Movement, spatial distribution, and mortality of male and female dungeness crab, (Cancer magister), near Tofino, British Columbia. Fish. Bull. 89:137-148.
Smith, D.R., S. Niemeyer, J.A. Estes, and A.R. Flegal. 1990. Stable lead isotopes evidence anthropogenic contamination in Alaskan sea otters. Environ. Sci. Technol. 24:1517-1527.
Smith, J.M. 1990. Human evolution: the Y of human relationships. Nature. 344:591-592.
Smith, B.D., G.A. McFarlane, and A.J. Cass. 1990. Movement and mortality of tagged male and female lingcod in the Strait of Georgia, British Columbia [Canada]. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society. 119:813-824.
Smith, R.L., A.J. Paul, and J.M. Paul. 1990. Seasonal changes in energy and the energy cost of spawning in Gulf of Alaska [USA] Pacific cod. J. Field Ornith. 36:307-316.
Smith, B.S., and R.J. Barnett. 1990. Russian-America: the forgotten frontier. Washington state historical society, Tacoma, WA. pp.
Smith, B.D., and G.S. Jamieson. 1991. Possible consequences of intensive fishing for males on the mating opportunities of dungeness crabs. Trans Am Fish Soc. 120:650-653.
Smith, J., B. Brown, J. Richardson, J. Isaacs, and J. Wickes. 1991. Options for identifying and protecting strategic fish and wildlife habitats and recreation sites a general handbook. The Nature Conservancy, Arlington, Virginia
Anchorage, Alaska. iii-H-3 pp.
Smith, B.D., and G.S. Jamieson. 1991. Movement, spatial distribution, and mortality of male and female Dungeness crab Cancer magister near Tofino, British Columbia. Fish. Bull. 89:137-148.
Smith, R.J., and A.J. Read. 1992. Consumption of euphausiids by harbor porpoise (Phocoena phocoena) calves in the Bay of Fundy. Can. J. Zool. 70:1629-1632.
Smith, B.D., and G.S. Jamieson. 1992. Reply to Butler and Hankin: mortality rates of Dungeness crabs (Cancer magister). Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 49:1521-1525.
Smith, T.P. 1993. Allocating the incidental catch of crab, halibut, herring, and salmon in the groundfish fisheries off alaska. Alaska Sea Grant College Program. Anchorage, Alaska. 93-02.
Smith, S.J. 1993. Risk evaluation and biological reference points for fisheries mangement: a review. Alaska Sea Grant College Program. University of Alaska Fairbanks. 93-02.
Smith, B.D. 1996. Rescuers in action. Mosby Year Book, Inc., St. Louis, Mo. 205 pp.
Smith, R. 1996. Trends in international conservation: lessons for North American protected areas. The journal of the George Wright society. 13:6-11.
Smith, S.J., and G. Robert. 1998. Getting more out of your survey designs: An application to Georges Bank scallops (Placopecten magellanicus). In: G. Jamieson and A. Campbell (eds.), Proceedings of the North Pacific symposium on invertebrate stock assessment and management. Vol. 125. Canadian Special Publication of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, pp. 3-13.
Smith, R.C. et al. 1999. Marine ecosystem sensitivity to climate change: historical observations and paleoecological records receal ecological transitions in the antarctic peninsula region. Bioscience. 49:393-404.
Smith, R.C. et al. 1999. Marine ecosystem sensitivity to climate change. Bio Science. 49:393-404.
Smith, T.D. et al. 1999. An ocean-basin-wide mark-recapture study of the North Atlantic humpback whale (Megaptera novaeangliae). Marine Mammal Science. 15:1-32.
Smith, I.P., K.J. Collins, and A.C. Jensen. 2000. Digital electromagnetic telemetry system for studying behaviour of decapod crustaceans. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology. 247:209-222.
Smolker, R.A., A.F. Richards, R.C. Connors, and J.W. Pepper. 1992. Sex Differences in Patterns of Association Among Indian Ocean Bottlenose Dolphins. Behav. 123:38-69.
Smouse, P.E., R.S. Waples, and J.A. Tworek. 1990. A genetic mixture analysis for use with incomplete source population data. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 47:620-634.
Smrcina, A. 1996. Working to protect biodiversity: Stellwagen Bank national Marine Sanctuary. Oceanography. 9, No. 1:71-72.
Smultea, M.A. 1992. Habitat utilization patterns of humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) off the island of Hawaii. U. S. Department of Commerce.
Smultea, M.A. 1994. Segregation by humpback whale (Megaptera novaeangliae) cows with a calf in coastal habitat near the island of Hawaii. Can. J. Zool. 72:805-811.
Snarski, D.A. 1974. Some aspects of the ecology of the Black-legged Kittiwake during two years of nesting failure. United States Fish and Wildlife Service, Fairbanks, Alaska. Fairbanks, AK.
Snow, C.D., and E.J. Wagner. 1965. Tagging of dungeness crabs with spaghetti and dart tags. Bio Science. 11:5-13.
Snow, C.D., and J.R. Neilsen. 1966. Premating and mating behavior of the dungeness crab (Cancer magister) (Dana). Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada. 23:1319-1323.
Snow, C.D. 1984. Why are all the crabs dying? Oregon Wildlife. 10-11.
Snyder, G.M., K.W. Pitcher, W.L. Perryman, and M.S. Lynn. Counting steller seal lion pups in Alaska: an evaluation of medium-format, color aerial photography. Alask Department of Fish and Game, Division of Wildife Conservation
National Marine Fisheries Service, Southwest Fisheries Science Center.
Soballe, D.M. 1998. Successful water quality monitoring: the right combination of intent, measurement, interpretation, and a cooperating ecosystem. Journal of Lake and Reservoir Management. 14:10-20.
Sobel, J. 1993. Conserving biological diversity through marine protected areas.
Sobel, J. 1996. Marine reserves: necessary tools for biodiversity conservation? 8-18.
Sobelof, W. The eight steps in the transition of the Tlingit culture. Sheldon Jackson College. Sitka, AK.
Society, A.G. 1965. Maps of Glacier termini in southern Alaska. N.Y. American Geographical Society, Department of Exploration and Field Research.
Society, A.G. 1980. Glacier of Muir and Wachusett Inlets. W.O. Field, Great Barrington, Maine. 141 pp.
Society, A.G. 1988. Icy Wilderness. Alaska Geographic Society. Achorage, AK.
Soiseth, C.R., and A.M. Milner. 1993. Predicting salmonid occurrence from physical characteristics of streams in Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve. National Park Service. Glacier Bay National Park & Preserve, AK.
Soiseth, C.R. 1995. Summary of stream surveys in Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve: 1952-1994. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Soiseth, C.R., G. Yankus, L. Adamson, and S. Walden. 1996. Summary of the marine fishery, legislative history and NPS's current effort to regulate commercial fishing in Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Soiseth, C., and L. Adamson. 1998. Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve Bartlett River Recreational Fishing survey and bear education campaign, 1996-1997 seasons. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Sokal, R.R., and F.J. Rohlf. 1981. Biometry. W.H. Freeman, San Francisco. pp.
Solazzi, M.F., T.E. Nichelson, and S.L. Johnson. 1991. Survival, contribution, and return of hatchery coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) released into freshwater, estuarine, and marine environments. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 48:248-253.
Solow, A.R. 1989. A randomization test for independence of animal locations. Ecology. 70:1546-1549.
Solow, A.R. 1990. A randomization test for misclasification probability in discriminant analysis. Ecological Scociety of America. 71:2379-2382.
Somerton, D.A. 1980. A computer technique for estimating the size of sexual maturity in crabs. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 37:1488-1494.
Somerton, D.A. 1980. Regional variation in the size of maturity of two species of tanner crab (Chionoecetes baiedi and C. opilio) in the eastern Bering Sea, and its use in defining management subareas. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 38:163-174.
Somerton, D.A. 1981. Life history and population dynamics of two species of Tanner crab, Chionoecetes bairdi and C. opilio, in the eastern Bering Sea with implications for the management of the commercial harvest. University of Washington, pp.
Somerton, D.A., and R.A. MacIntosh. 1983. The size at sexual maturity of the blue king crab (Paralithodes platypus) in Alaska. Fish. Bull. 81:621-628.
Somerton, D.A., and R.A. Macintosh. 1985. Reproductive biology of the female blue king crab Paralithodes platypus near the Pribilof Islands, Alaska. Journal of Crustacean Biology. 5:365-376.
Somerton, D.A., and R.S. Otto. 1986. Distribution and reproductive biology of the golden king crab, (Lithodes aequispina) , in the eastern Bering Sea. Fish. Bull. 84(3):571-584.
Somerton, D.A., and M.F. Merritt. 1986. Method of adjusting crab catch per pot for differences in soak time and its application to Alaskan Tanner crab (Chionoecetes bairdi) catches. North American Journal of Fisheries Management. 6:586-591.
Somerton, D.A., and W. Donaldson. 1995. Contribution to the biology of the grooved and triangle Tanner crabs, chionoecetes tanneri and C. angulatus, in the eastern Bering Sea. Fish. Bull. 94:348-357.
Somerton, D.A., and W. Donaldson. 1998. Parasitism of the golden king crab, Lithodes aequispinus, by two species of snailfish, genus Careproctus. Fish. Bull. 96:871-884.
Sorensen, T.B., and C.C. Kinze. 1994. Reproduction and reproductive seasonality in Danish harbour porpoises, Phocoena phocoena. Ophelia. 39:159-176.
Soulé, M.E., and R. Tasto. 1983. Stock identification studies on the Dungeness crab, Cancer magister. In: P.W. Wild and R.N. Tasto (eds.), Life history, environment, and mariculture studies of the Dungeness crab, (Cancer magister), with emphasis on the central California fishery resource. Vol. 172. California Department of Fish and Game, pp. 39-42.
Soulé, M.E., and D. Simberloff. 1986. What do genetics and ecology tell us about the design of nature reserves? Bio. Cons. 35:19-40.
Soulé, M.E. (ed). 1987. Viable Populations for Conservation. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
Sousa, W.P. 1984. The role of disturbance in natural communities. Annu. Rev. Ecol. Syst. 15:353-91.
Southern, W.F. 1963. Winter populations, behavior, and seasonal dispersal of bald eagles in northwestern Illinois. The Wilson Bulletin. 75:12-55.
Southern, W.E. 1964. Additional observations on winter bald eagle populations: Including remarks on biotelemetry techniques and immature plumages. The Wilson Bulletin. 76:121-137.
Southern, W.E. 1974. Copulatory wing flagging: A synchronizing stimulus for nesting Ring-billed Gulls. Bird-Band. 45:210-216.
Sowls, A.L., S.A. Hatch, and C.J. Lensink. 1978. Catalog of Alaskan Seabird Colonies. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Anchorage, Alaska.
Sowls, A. 1981. Colony status records for six outer coast colonies, Glacier Bay National Park. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.
Sowls, A.L., D.R. Nysewander, J.L. Trapp, and J.W. Nelson. 1982. Marine bird and mammal survey of the outer coast of S.E. Alaska, summer, 1981. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Anchorage, Alaska.
Sørensen, T.B., and C.C. Kinze. 1994. Reproduction and reproductive seasonality in Danish harbour porpoises, Phocoena phocoena. 39:159-176.
Spalding, D.J. 1964a. Comparative feeding habits of the fur seal, sea lion, and harbor seal on the British Columbia coast. Fish. Res. Board. Can. Gull. 146:415-417.
Spalding, D.J. 1964b. Age and growth of female sea lions in Britishc Columbia. J. Fish. Res. Board. Can. 21:415-417.
Spalinger, J.A. 1994. Annual management report for the shellfish fisheries of the Kodiak area, 1992. Alaska Department of Fish and Game, Commercial Fisheries Division. Kodiak.
Sparks, A.K., and J.F. Morado. 1986. Diseases of Alaskan king crabs.
Sparks, A.K. 1987. The red king crab (Paralithodes camtschatica) as a host for juvenile acanthocephalans. J. Invertebr. Pathol. 50:166-168.
Spaziani, E. 1988. Serum high-density lipoprotein in crab, Cancer antennaius Stimpson: II. annual cycles. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 246:315-318.
Speckman, S.G. 1993. Marbled murrelet abundance patterns at sea in relation to the marine environment. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.
Speer, P.A. 1980. The Sirens of Mount Salisbury. AMAJ. 22:490-493.
Spencer, G.J. 1960. Two records of Ixodes signatus Birula and one of Ixodes uriae White, marine bird ticks. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Britich Columbia. 57:46.
Spencer, G.J. 1960. Two records of ixodes signatus birula and one of ixodes uriae white, marine bird ticks. Proceedings of the entomological society of British Columbia. 57:46.
Spencer, D.A. 1978. Following the winter nomads. Eagle Valley Environmentalists. Itasca, Illinois.
Spencer, W.D., and R.H. Barrett. 1984. An evaluation of the harmonic mean measure for defining carnivore activity areas. Acta Zool. Fennica. 171:255-259.
Spencer, S.R., G.N. Cameron, and R.K. Swihart. 1990. Operationally defining home range: temporal dependence exhibited by hispid cotton rats. Ecology. 71:1817-1822.
Speth, J.G. 1990. An environmental revolution in technology. Environmental Science Technology. 24:412-413.
Spicer, R., and L. Prussin. 1989. Molting Canada geese census, Adams Inlet. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Spicer, R.C. 1990. ANILCA research report: Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve. The Wilderness Society.
Spiesberger, J.L., and K.M. Fristrup. 1990. Passive localization of calling animals and sensing of their acoustic environment using acoustic tomography. The American Naturalist. 135:107-153.
Spinrad, R.W. 1987. Testing of optical properties and development of application procedures for OMP-8 antifoulant on submersible optical surfaces. Sea Tech Incorporated.
Spitz, S.S. 1999. Size measurement of humpback whales using underwater videogrammetry. Ph.D Dissertation, University of Hawai'i, 209 pp.
Sprague, R., and D.B. Lawrence. 1960. Fungi on deglaciated Alaskan terrain of known age. Washington State University.
Springer, S. Social organization of shark populations. In: Phylogeny, taxonomy, and distribution. Vol. pp. 149-174.
Springer, A.M., and D.G. Roseneau. 1977. A comparative sea-cliff bird inventory of the Cape Thompson vicinity, Alaska. U.S. Department of Commerce, NOAA. Boulder, Colorado.
Springer, A.M., D.G. Roseneau, E.C. Murphy, and M.I. Springer. 1984. Environmental controls of marine food webs: Food habits of seabirds in the eastern Chuckchi Sea. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Science. 41:1202-1215.
Springer, A.M. et al. 1985. Population and trophics studies of seabirds in the northern Bering and eastern Chuckchi seas, 1983. U.S. Department of Commerce, NOAA. Anchorage, Alaska. 30.
Springer, A.M., E.C. Murphy, D.G. Roseneau, and M.I. Springer. 1985. Population status, reproductive ecology, and trophic relationships of seabirds in northwestern Alaska. U.S. Department of Commerce, NOAA. Anchorage, Alaska. 30.
Springer, A.M., D.G. Roseneau, E.C. Murphy, and M.I. Springer. 1985. Population and trophics studies of seabirds in the northern Bering and eastern Chuckchi seas, 1982. U.S. Department of Commerce, NOAA. Anchorage, Alaska. 30.
Springer, A.M., D.G. Roseneau, D.S. Lloyd, C.P. McCroy, and E.C. Murphy. 1986. Seabird responses to fluctuating prey availability in the eastern Bering Sea. Marine Ecol. Prog. Rep. 32:1-12.
Springer, A.M., E.C. Murphy, D.G. Roseneau, C.P. McCroy, and B.A. Cooper. 1987. The paradox of pelagic food webs in the northern Bering Sea -- I. Seabird food habits. Cont. Shelf. Res. 7:895-911.
Springer, A.M., and G.V. Byrd. 1988. Seabird dependence on Walleye Pollock in the southeastern Bering Sea. Alaska Sea Grant College Program, University of Alaska, Fairbanks, AK. Anchorage, Alaska.
Springer, A.M. 1991. Seabird distribution as related to food webs and the environment: Examples from the North Pacific Ocean. In: W.A. Montevecchi and A.J. Gaston (eds.), Studies of high-latitude seabirds. 1. Behavioural, energetic, and oceanographic aspects of seabird feeding ecology. Vol. 68. Canadian Wildlife Service, Ottawa, Canada, pp. 39-48.
Springer, A.M. 1992. A review: walleye pollock in the North Pacific - how much difference do they really make? Fisheries Ocean. 1:80-96.
Springer, A.M. 1993. Report of the seabird working group. In: Is it food? Addressing marine mammal and seabird declines. University of Alaska, Fairbanks.
Springer, A.M., A.Y. Kondratyev, H. Ogi, Y.V. Shibaev, and G.B. van Vliet. 1993. Status, ecology, and conservation of Synthliboramphus murrelets and auklets. In: K. Vermeer, K.T. Briggs, K.H. Morgan and D. Siegel-Causey (eds.), The status, ecology and conservation of marine birds of the North Pacific. Vol. Canadian Wildlife Services Special Publication, Ottawa, Canada, pp. 187-201.
Springer, A.M., J.F. Piatt, and G. Van Vliet. 1996. Sea birds as proxies of marine habitats and food webs in the western Aleutian arc. Fisheries Ocean. 5:45-55.
Springer, A.M., J.F. Piatt, V.P. Shuntov, G.B. Van Vliet, V.L. Vladimirov, A.E. Kuzin, and A.S. Perlov. 1999. Marine birds and mammals of the Pacific Subarctic Gyres. Progress in Oceanography. 43:443-487.
Spude, C.H., and R.L. Spude. 1993. East base historic monument-Stonington Island/Antarctic Peninsula. US Dept. of the Interior, NPS, Denver, CO. 168 pp.
St-Pierre, G. 1984. Spawning locations and season for Pacific halibut. IPHC Sci. Rep. 70:3-46.
St-Pierre, G. 1992. Visual determination of sex in live Pacific halibut. ICES Journal of Marine Science
(International Council for the Exploration of the Sea). 49:373-376.
Stacey, P.J., and R.W. Baird. 1991. Status of the Pacific white-sided dolphin, Lagenorhynchus obliquidens, in Canada. Can. Field-Nat. 105:219-232.
Stacey, P.B., and M. Taper. 1992. Environmental variation and the persistence of small populations. Ecol. Appl. 2:18-29.
Staedler, M., and M. Riedman. 1993. Fatal mating injuries in female sea otters (Enhydra lutris nereis). Mammal Review. 57:135-139.
Stagg, C. 1996. Relations among fixed station Blue crab pot sampling results, reported Chesapeake Bay landings and winter dredge survey results. Journal of Shellfish Research. 15(2):487-488.
Stair, L.D. 1947. A contribution to the cryptogamic flora of Yakutat Bay, Alaska. the Bryologist. 50:349-365.
Stalmaster, M.V., and J.R. Newman. 1978. Behavioral responses of wintering bald eagles to human activity. Journal of Wildlife Management. 42:506-513.
Stalmaster, M.V., J.R. Newman, and A.J. Hansen. 1979. Population dynamics of wintering bald eagles on the Nooksack river, Washington. Northwest Science. 53:126-131.
Stalmaster, M.V. 1987. The bald eagle. Universe Books, New York, NY. 227 pp.
Stanback, M.T. 1991. Autumnal breeding in the Scrub Jay. Journal of Field Ornithology. 62:94-96.
Staniforth, R.J., and P.A. Scott. 1990. Dynamics of weed population in a northern subarctic community. Canadian Journal of Botany. 69:814-821.
Stankey, G.H., S.F. McCool, and G.L. Stokes. 1984. Limits of acceptable change: a new framework for managing the Bob Marshall Wilderness Complex.
Stankey, G.H., D.N. Cole, R.C. Lucas, M.F. Petersen, and S.S. Frisell. 1985. The limits of acceptable change (LAC) system for wilderness planning. U.S. National Forest Service.
Stanley, S.L. 1958. Historical changes in Tlingit social structure. University of Chicago. Chicago, Illinois.
Stanley, S.L. 1965. Report to the Bureau of Indian affairs on changes in Tlingit social organization. Bureau of Indian Affairs.
Stanley, R.D., B.M. Leaman, L. Haldorson, and V.M. O'Connell. 1994. Movements of tagged adult yellowtail rockfish, Sebastes flavidus, off the west coast of North America. U S National Marine Fisheries Service Fishery Bulletin. 92:655-663.
Stanley, W.T., and K.E. Shaffer. 1995. Harbor seal (Phoca vitulina) predation on seined salmonids in the lower Klamath River, California. Marine Mammal Science. 11:376-385.
Stanley, H.F., S. Casey, J.M. Carnahan, S. Goodman, J. Harwood, and R.K. Wayne. 1996. Worldwide patterns of mitochondrial DNA differentiation in the harbor seal (Phoca vitulina). Society for Molecular Biology and Evolution. 13(2):368-382.
Starfield, A.M. 1997. A pragmatic approach to modeling for wildlife management. Journal of wildlife management. 61:261-270.
Starr, P., and R. Hilborn. 1988. Reconstruction of harvest rates and stock contribution in gauntlet salmon fisheries: application to British Columbia and Washington sockeye (Oncorhynchus nerka). Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 45:2216-2229.
Starr, R.M., and K.A. Johnson. 1998. Goal oriented marine reserves: a zoogeographic approach. In: O. Magoon, H. Converse, B. Baird and M. Miller-Henson (eds.), California and the world ocean '97. Vol. Asce, Reston, VA (USA), pp. 262-272.
Stasko, A.B., and D.G. Pincock. 1977. Review of underwater biotelemetry, with emphasis on ultrasonic techniques. Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada. 34:1261-1285.
Stauder, W. 1960. The Alaska earthquake of July 10, 1958: seismic studies. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America. 50:293-322.
Stauffer, G. 1983. Condition of groundfish resources of the Gulf of Alaska region as assessed in 1983: Sablefish. Northwest and Alaska fisheries center
National marine fisheries service
National oceanic and atmospheric administration.
Stearns, S.C. 1976. Life-history tactics: a review of the ideas. Quarterly Review of Biology. 52:3-47.
Steart_Oaten_etal. 1986. EnvironmentalImpactAssessmentPsudoreplicationInTime. Ecol. Appl. 4:
Steidl, R.J., and R.G. Anthony. 1992. Assessing the impact of human activity of bald eagles on the gulkana river, alaska. Oregon Cooperative Wildlife Research Unit. Corvallis, OR.
Steiger, G.H., J. Calambokidis, J.C. Cubbage, D.E. Skilling, A.W. Smith, and D.H. Gribble. 1989. Mortality of harbor seal pups at different sites in the inland waters of Washington. J. Tokyo Univ. Fish./Tokyo Suisandai Kempo. 25:319-328.
Steiger, G.H., and J. Calambokidis. 2000. Reproductive rates of humpback whales off California. Marine Mammal Science. 16:220-239.
Stein, R.A. 1977. Selective predation, optimal foraging and the predator-prey interaction between fish and crayfish. Ecology. 58:1237-1253.
Stein, D.L., B.N. Tissot, M.A. Hixon, and W. Barss. 1992. Fish-habitat associations on a deep reef at the edge of the Oregon continental shelf. Fish. Bull. 540-551.
Steltner, H., S. Steltner, and D.E. Sergeant. 1984. Killer whales (Orcinus orca) prey on narwhals, (monodon monoceros): an eyewitness account. Can. Field-Nat. 98:458-462.
Stempniewicz, L. 1983. Hunting methods of the Glaucous Gull and escape maneuvers of its prey, the Dovekie. Journal of Field Ornithology. 54:329-331.
Stenmark, R.J., and T.H. Schoder. 1974. 1974 Resources inventory: Southeast Region, recreation and preservation opportunities. Joint Federal State Land Use Planning Commission, Anchorage, AK.
Stenson, G.B., R.A. Myers, M.O. Hammill, I.-H. Ni, W.G. Warren, and M.C.S. Kingsley. 1993. Pup production of harp seals, Phoca groenlandica, in the Northwest Atlantic. Canadian Journal of Fish and Aquatic Science. 50:2429-2439.
Stephens, F., and J. Dixon. 1909. Descriptions of localities: Glacier Bay. In: Birds and mammals of the 1907 Alexander expedition to southeast Alaska. Vol. University of California Publications, pp.
Stephens, F.R., and R.F. Billings. 1967. Plant communities of a tide-influenced meadow on Chicagof Island, AK. Northwest Science. 41:178-183.
Stephens, F.R. 1968. Primary ecosystems developing below receding glaciers in southeast Alaska. U.S. Forest Service.
Stephens, F.R. 1968. Soil development study on recessional moraines in southeast Alaska. U.S. Forest Service, Region 10.
Stephens, F.R. 1969. Source of cation exchange capacity and water retention in southeast Alaska spodosols. Soil Science. 108:429-431.
Stephens, F.R. 1969. A Forest ecosystem on a glacier in Alaska. Arctic. 4:141-144.
Stephens, F.R., C.R. Gass, and R.F. Billings. 1969. Seedbed history affects tree growth in southeast Alaska. Forest Science. 15:295-298.
Stephens, F.R., C.R. Gass, R.F. Billings, and D.E. Paulson. 1969. Soils and associated ecosystems of the Tongass. U.S. Forest Service, Alaska Region.
Stephens, F.R., C.R. Gass, and R.F. Billings. 1970. The muskegs of southeast Alaska and their diminished extent. Northwest Science. 44:123-140.
Stephens, F.R. 1991 (1969). Primary ecosystems developing below receding glaciers in southeastern Alaska. Unpublished report revised and edited. U.S. Forest Service. Juneau, AK.
Stephens, P.A., and W.J. Sutherland. 1999. Consequences of the Allee effect for behaviour, ecology and conservation. Trends in ecology and evolution. 14:401-405.
Sterling, T.D., W.L. Rosenbaum, and J.J. Weinkam. 1995. Publication Decisions Revisited: The Effect of the Outcome of Statstical Tests on the Decision to Publish and Vise Versa. The American Statistician. 49:108-112.
Stern, S.J. 1990. Photographic catchability of individually identified minke whales (Balaenoptera acutorostrata) of the San Juan islands, Washington and the Monterey Bay area, California. Rep. Int. Whal. Commn., Special Issue. 12:127-133.
Sterns, S.C. 1976. Life-history tactics: a review of the ideas. The Quarterly Review of Biology. 51:3-47.
Sterns, S.C. 1977. The evolution of life-history traits: a critique of the theory and a review of the data. Annu. Rev. Ecol. Syst. 8:145-171.
Sterns, S.C. 1980. A new view of life-history evolution. Oikos. 35:266-281.
Stevcic, Z. 1971. Laboratory observations on the aggregations of the spiny spider crab (Maja squinado herbst). Anim. Behav. 18-25.
Stevens, M.E. 1963. Podzol development on a moraine near Juneau, Alaska. 27.
Stevens, B.G., and D.A. Armstrong. 1981. Mass mortality of female Dungeness crab, Cancer magister, on the southern Washington coast. Fish. Bull. 349-352.
Stevens, B.G., D.A. Armstrong, and R. Cusimano. 1982. Feeding habits of the dungeness crab (Cancer magister) as determined by the index of relative importance. Mar. Behav. and Physiol. 72:135-145.
Stevens, B.G., and D.A. Armstrong. 1984. Distribution, abundance, and growth of juvenile dungeness crabs (Cancer magister) in Grays Harbor Estuary, Washington. Fish. Bull. 82:469-483.
Stevens, B.G., D.A. Armstrong, and J.C. Hoeman. 1984. Diel activity of an estuarine population of dungeness crabs (Cancer magister) in relation to feeding and environmental factors. Journal of Crustacean Biology. 4:390-403.
Stevens, B.G., and D.A. Armstrong. 1984. Ecology, growth, and population dynamics of juvenile Dungeness crab, (Cancer magister) Dana, in Grays Harbor, Washington, 1980-1981. Alaska Sea Grant College Program. Anchorage, Alaska, USA.
Stevens, B.G., and D.A. Armstrong. 1985. Ecology, growth, and population dynamics of juvenile Dungeness crab, (Cancer magister) Dana, in Grays Harbor, Washington, 1980-1981. In: B.R. Melteff (ed.), Proceedings of the symposium on Dungeness crab biology and management. Vol. Alaska Sea Grant College Program, Fairbanks, Alaska, pp. 119-134.
Stevens, T.A., and D.A. Duffield. 1989. Preliminary findings of restriction fragment differences in mitochondrial DNA among killer whales (Orcinus orca). Can. J. Zool. 67:2592-2595.
Stevens, B.G. 1990. Temperature-dependent growth of juvenile red king crab (Paralithodes camtschatica), and its effects on size-at-age and subsequent recruitment in the eastern Bering Sea. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 47:1307-1317.
Stevens, B.G., and J.E. Munk. 1990. A temperature-dependent growth model for juvenile red king crab, Paralithodes camtschatica, in Kodiak, Alaska. Anchorage, Alaska.
Stevens, B.G., W.E. Donaldson, and J.A. Haaga. 1992. First observations of podding behavior for the Pacific lyre crab Hyas lyratus (Decapoda: Majidae). Journal of Crustacean Biology. 12:193-195.
Stevens, W.K. 1993. Biologists fear sustainable yield is unsustainable idea. New York.
Stevens, B.G., J.A. Haago, and W.E. Donaldson. 1993. Underwater observations on behavior of king crabs escaping from crab pots. National Marine Fisheries Service.
Stevens, B.G., J.A. Haaga, and W.E. Donaldson. 1994. Aggregative mating of tanner crabs, Chionoecetes bairdi. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 51:1273-1280.
Stevens, B.G., J.A. Haaga, W.E. Donaldson, and S.A. Payne. 1996. Reproductive conditions of prespawning multiparous female Tanner crabs (Chionoecetes bairdi) in Chiniak and Womens Bays, Kodiak, Alaska. Alaska Sea Grant College Program. Anchorage, AK (USA). 96-02.
Stevens, B.G., and J. Kittaka. 1998. Postlarval settling behavior, substrate preference, and time to metamorphosis for red king crab Paralithodes camtschaticus. Marine Ecol. Prog. Rep. 167:197-206.
Stevenson, J.J. 1893. Some notes on southeastern Alaska and its people. Scottish Geographic Magazine. 9:66-83.
Stevenson, I. 1963. Case of Millard Carteeti, Jr.: Interviews. Sitka, AK.
Stevenson, I. 1966. Cultural patterns in cases suggestive of reincarnation among the Tlingit Indians of Southeastern Alaska. Journal of the American society for psychical research. 60:229-243.
Stevick, P.T., N. Oien, and D.K. Mattila. 1999. Migratory destinations of humpback whales from Norwegian and adjacent waters: evidence for stock identity. J. Cetacean Res. Manage. 1:147-152.
Stewart, B.D. 1949. Memorandum on Red Top property, Dundas Bay, Juneau Precinct. Territory of Alaska. Department of Mines.
Stewart, H. 1975. Artifacts of Northwest Coast indians. University of Washington Press, Seattle. pp.
Stewart, H. 1977. Indian fishing: early methods on the Northwest Coast. University of Washington Press, Seattle. pp.
Stewart, B.S. 1984. Diurnal hauling patterns of harbor seals at San Miguel Island, Californa. Journal of Wildlife Management. 48:1459-1461.
Stewart, H. 1984. Cedar: tree of life to the Northwest Coast. University of Washington Press, Seattle. pp.
Stewart, B.S., S.A. Karl, P.K. Yochem, S. Leatherwood, and J.L. Laake. 1987. Aerial surveys for Cetaceans in the former Akutan, Alaska, Whaling grounds. Arctic. 40:33-42.
Stewart, R.E.A. 1987. Behavioral reproductive effort of nursing harp seals, (Phoca Groenlandica). Journal Mammal. 68:348-358.
Stewart, B.S., S. Leatherwood, and P.K. Yochem. 1989. Harbor seal tracking and telemetry by satellite. Marine Mammal Science. 5:361-375.
Stewart, M.W., R.L. Saunders, and A.J. Wiggs. 1990. Effects of extended daylength on autumn growth dynamics of juvenile Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 47:755-759.
Stirling, I., and W.R. Archibald. 1977. Distribution of seals in the eastern Beaufort Sea. Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada. 34:976-988.
Stirling, I., W. Calver, and H. Cleator. 1983. Underwater vocalizations as a tool for studying the distribution and relative abundance of wintering pinnipeds in the high arctic. Arctic. 36:262-274.
Stobo, W.T., J.D. Neilson, and P.G. Simpson. 1988. Movements of atlantic halibut (Hippoglossus hippoglossus) in the Canadian North Atlantic. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 45:484-491.
Stocker, M., and T.H. Butler. 1990. Surplus production model analysis of crab (Cancer magister Dana) fisheries of British Columbia, Canada. Fish Res (Amst). 9:231-254.
Stockhausen, W.T., R.N. Lipcius, and B.M. Hickey. 2000. Joint effects of larval dispersal, population regulation, marine reserve design, and exploitation on production and recruitment in the Caribbean spiny lobster. Bull. Mar. Sci. 66:957-990.
Stoddard, J.L., C.T. Driscoll, J.S. Kahl, and J.H. Kellogg. 1998. Can site-specific trends be extrapolated to a region? An acidification example for the northeast. Ecol. Appl. 8:288-299.
Stokes, A.W. 1970. An ethologists views on managing grizzly bears. BioScience. 20:1154-1157.
Stokoe, R. 1958. The leg colour of the Kittiwake. British Birds. 1i (error -- see below):398-399.
Stone, C.P., and J.O. Keith. Control of feral ungulates and small mammals in hawaii's national parks: research and management strategies. In: Control of mammals in Hawaii. Vol. pp. 277-287.
Stone, R.P., and C.E. O'Clair. Seasonal movements and distribution of Dungeness crabs, Cancer magister, in a glacial Southeast Alaskan estuary. National Marine Fisheries Service. Auke Bay, Alaska.
Stone, G.S., S.K. Katona, and E.B. Tucker. 1987. History, migration and present status of humpback whales Megaptera novaeangliae at Bermuda. Bio. Cons. 42:133-145.
Stone, R.P., and C.E. O'Clair. 1990. Seasonal migration of primiparous and multiparous female red king crabs (Paralithodes camtschatica). Anchorage, Alaska.
Stone, R.P., C.E. O'Clair, and T.C. Shirley. 1992. Seasonal migration and distribution of female red king crabs in a southeast Alaskan estuary. Journal of Crustacean Biology. 12(4):546-560.
Stone, R.P., C.E. O'Clair, and T.C. Shirley. 1993. Aggregating behavior of ovigerous female red king crab, (Paralithodes camtschatica), in Auke Bay, Alaska. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 50:750-758.
Stoneburner, D.L. 1982. Satellite telemetry of loggerhead sea turtle movement in the Georgia Bight. Copeia. 2:400-408.
Stonehouse, B. 1989. Polar ecology. Chapman & Hall, Glasgow. 222 pp.
Stoner, A.W., H.S. Greening, J.D. Ryan, and R.J. Livingston. 1983. Comparison of macrobenthos collected with cores and suction sampler in vegetated and unvegetated marine habitats. Estuaries. 6:76-82.
Stoner, A.W., and C. Acevedo. 1990. The macroinfaunal community of a tropical estuarine lagoon. Estuaries. 13:174-181.
Storey, K.B., D.A. Kelly, J.A. Duncan, and J.M. Storey. 1990. Anaerobiosis and organ-specific regulation of glycolysis in a marine whelk. Can. J. Zool. 68:974-980.
Storm, L.W. 1917. Report on Dundas Bay iron property. U.S. Bureau of Mines Library.
Storr-Hansen, E., H. Spliid, and J.P. Boon. 1995. Patterns of chlorinated biphenyl congeners in harbor seals (Phoca vitulina) and in their food: statistical analysis. 28:48-54.
Story, G.L., and C.M. Naish. 1973. Tlingit verb dictionary. Alaska native language center, College, AK. 392 pp.
Stott, F.C. 1936. The marine foods of birds in an inland fjord region in West Spitsbergen. Part I. Plankton and in shore benthos. J. Amer. Stat. Assoc. 5:356-369.
Stottlemeyer, R., and D. Rutkowski. 1987. Baseline stream water chemistry for watersheds of Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve, Alaska. GLARSU Technical Report 22. Final report submitted to the National Park Service, Alaska Regional Office, Anchorage, AK.
Stottlemeyer, R. 1990. Managing a Biosphere reserve: incurred responsibilities. U.S. National Park Service. Glacier Bay National Park & Preserve, AK.
Stottlemyer, R. 1989. Nitrification soil acidification and streamwater chemistry following deglaciation Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve, Alaska, Usa. Symposium On Acid Rain Held At The Fourth World Wilderness Congress, Denver, Colorado, Usa, September 11-18, 1987. Environ Monit Assess. 12:64.
Stottlemyer, R. 1990. Effect of ecosystem succession on soil and streamwater chemistry in Glacier Bay. U.S. National Park Service. Glacier Bay National Park & Preserve, AK. 1988.
Stouder, D.J., C.A. Simenstad, and R.C. Francis. 1992. Contrasting fisheries recruitment in coastal and pelagic ecosystems the role of ecological processes. 1992 Annual Meeting Of The Ecological Society Of America, Honolulu, Hawaii, Usa, August 9-13, 1992. Bull Ecol Soc Am. 73:358.
Stow, C.A., S.R. Carpenter, K.E. Webster, and T.M. Frost. 1998. Long-term environmental monitoring: some perspectives from lakes. Ecol. Appl. 8:269-276.
Stowe, T.J. 1982. Accuracy of measuring trends in seabird numbers. Seabird Report. 1977/81/6:35-38.
Stowe, T.J. 1982. Recent population trends in cliff-breeding seabirds in Britain and Ireland. Ibis. 124:502-510.
Strager, H. 1995. Pod-specific call repertoires and compound calls of killer whales, Orcinus orca Linnaeus, 1758, in the waters of northern Norway. Can. J. Zool. 73:1037-1047.
Strain, B.R. 1990. Rambler, Margulis & Fester (eds.) : global ecology; towards a science of the biosphere. Ecology. 71:1223.
Straley, J.M. 1988. Fall and winter occurance of humpback whales in southeastern Alaska. International Whaling Commission.
Straley, J.M. 1989. Population characteristics of humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) in Glacier Bay and adjacent waters including assessment of possible whale displacement from Prince William Sound to southeastern Alaska. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Straley, J.M. 1990. Assessment of possible humpback whale (Megaptera novaeangliae) displacement from Prince William Sound to Glacier Bay and Icy Strait, Alaska, summer 1989. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Straley, J.M. 1990. Fall and winter occurrence of humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) in southeastern Alaska. Reports of the International Whaling Commission (Special Issue 12). 319-323.
Straley, J. 1990. Population characteristics of humpback whales in Glacier Bay and adjacent waters: Summer 1990. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Straley, J.M. 1994. Seasonal characteristics of humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) in southeastern Alaska. M.S. Thesis, University of Alaska Fairbanks, 121 pp.
Straley, J.M., C.M. Gabriele, and C.S. Baker. 1994. Annual reproduction by individually identified humpback whales (Megaptera Novaeangliae) in Alaskan waters. Marine Mammal Science. 10(1):87-92.
Straley, J.M., and C.M. Gabriele. 1995. Seasonal characteristics of humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae)in southeastern Alaska. U.S. National Park Service. Glacier Bay National Park & Preserve, AK. 1993.
Straley, J.M., and C.M. Gabriele. 1997. Humpback whales of southeastern Alaska: a catalog of photographs. National Park Service, Gustavus, Alaska 99826, 107 pp.
Strathmann, R.R. 1990. Testing size-abundance rules in a human exclusion experiment. Perspective. 1091.
Straty, R.R. 1960. Method of enumerating salmon in Alaska. Wildlife Management Institute.
Straty, R.R., and H.W. Jaenicke. 1980. Estuarine influence of salinity, temperature, and food on the behavior, growth, and dynamics of Bristol Bay sockeye salmon. In: W.J. McNeil and D.C. Minsworth (eds.), Salmonid Ecosystems of the North Pacific. Vol. Oregon State University Pres, Corvallis, pp. 247-265.
Strebeigh, F. 1992. Hooked on whales. Smithsoniam. June:30-41.
Streveler, G.P. Harbor seal studies in Glacier Bay. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Streveler, G.P. 1971. Plants of Glacier Bay National Monument. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Streveler, G.P., and B.B. Paige. 1971. The natural history of Glacier Bay National Monument, Alaska: a survey of past research and suggestions for the future. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Streveler, G.P., I.A. Worley, C.J. Terry, and R.J. Gordon. 1973. Dixon Harbor biological survey: Final report on the summer phase of 1973 research. National Park Service.
Streveler, G.P. 1974. Harbor seal studies in Glacier Bay, Alaska. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Streveler, G.P. 1974. Harbor seal studies in Glacier Bay, southeast Alaska. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Streveler, G.P. 1975. Influence of man, past and present. In: Streveler, G.P. and I.A. Worley, eds. Dixon Harbor Biological Survey, final report of the summer phase of the 1974 research. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Streveler, G.P. 1975. Follow-up on sea otter re-introduction. U.S. National Park Service, Office of Chief Scientist.
Streveler, G.P. 1975. Larger terrestrial mammals. In: Streveler, G.P. and I.A. Worley, eds. Dixon Harbor Biological Survey, final report on the summer phase of 1974 research. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Streveler, G.P. 1975. Updated list of vascular plants within the outer coast geographic province of Glacier Bay National Monument. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Streveler, G.P. 1977. Larger mammals. In: Streveler, G.P. and I.A. Worley, eds. Dixon Harbor Biological Survey, final report on the summer phase of 1975 research. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Streveler, G.P. 1977. Dixon Harbor biological surveys, final reports on the summer phase of research of 1973, 1974, and 1975. U.S. National Park Service.
Streveler, G.P. 1978. Fungi reported from Glacier Bay National Monument. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Streveler, G.P. 1978. Harbor seal studies in Glacier Bay, Alaska. U.S. National Park Service. Juneau, AK.
Streveler, G.P. 1979. Distribution, population ecology, and impact susceptibility of the harbor seal in Glacier Bay, Alaska. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Streveler, G.P. 1979. History and immediate future of a successional spruce-hemlock forest along Glacier Bay, Alaska. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Streveler, G.P. 1979. Glacier Bay: a general characterization. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Streveler, G.P. 1980. History of human use. In: Streveler, G.P., I.A. Worley and B.F. Molnia. (eds.) Lituya Bay environmental survey, v.1. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Streveler, G.P. 1980. Relationship of people to the Lituya biota. In: Streveler, G.P., I.A. Worley and B.F. Molnia. (eds.) Lituya Bay environmental survey, v.1. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Streveler, G.P., I.A. Worley, and B.F. Molnia (eds). 1980. Lituya Bay environmental survey. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve, Juneau, AK.
Streveler, G.P., and L.A. Smith. 1980. Larger mammals. In: Streveler, G.P. and I.A. Worley, and B.F. Molnia, (eds.) Lituya Bay environmental survey, v.1. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Streveler, G.P., and C.O. Martin. 1983. A Preliminary evaluation of wildlife populations and habitats on Gustavus beaches and Dude Creek Uplands. Alaska Department of Fish and Game, Division of Game.
Streveler, G.P. 1983. Interpreting the sign of Glacier Bay's large mammals.
Streveler, G.P. 1983. Details of glacier behavior and geography, Glacier Bay, since the retreat of Wisconsin ice.
Streveler, G.P. 1985. Species represented in the Glacier Bay herbarium. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Streveler, G.P., and e. al. 1986. Herbarium plant community notebook. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Streveler, G.P., and L. Smith. 1987. Endicott Gap large mammal survey. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Streveler, G.P. 1988. Analysis of the Engstrom pollen profile from Pleasant Island.
Streveler, G.P. 1988. Use limits for Glacier Bay.
Streveler, G.P., and L. Smith. 1988. The Glacier Bay shore zone: a preliminary assessment of potentials for resource/user conflicts. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Streveler, G.P. 1989. Black-legged kittiwakes of Glacier Bay National Park, 1989. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Streveler, G.P. 1989. Summary of 1970-1989 eagle and eagle nest data for Glacier Bay: progress toward a baseline. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Streveler, G.P. 1989. Steller sea lion haulout use history along Glacier Bay: a quick summary as of 10/89. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Streveler, G.P. 1989. Accumulation of debris and bird/mammal carcasses on GLBA beaches: a summary of existing data. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Streveler, G.P. 1990. Science at Glacier Bay: weapon, tool, or holy writ? U.S. National Park Service. Glacier Bay National Park & Preserve, AK. 1988.
Streveler, G.P. 1990. How should ecologically threatened species be managed in Glacier Bay? U.S. National Park Service. Glacier Bay National Park & Preserve, AK. 1988.
Streveler, G.P., and J.T. Brakel. 1992. Mammals of the Humpy Creek vicinity, a preliminary survey: progress toward a baseline, Sept.-Oct. 1991. U.S. Forest Service.
Streveler, G.P., R. Carstensen, and G. Bishop. 1993. A naturalist looks at southeast Alaska. Alaska Discovery Foundation, Juneau, Alaska. 14 pp.
Streveler, G.P. 1994. A Natural History of Gustavus. Icy Strait Environmental Services, Gustavus, Alaska. 36 pp.
Streveler, G.P., L.C. Sharman, and J. Brakel. 1994. Potentials for impacts on natural values of the Kahtaheena River (Falls Creek) area. Icy Strait Environmental Services.
Streveler, G.P. 1994. Interpretive summary of U.S. Geological Survey draft open file report 94-268 "The coast mountains plutonic-metamorphic complex and related rocks between Haines, Alaska and Fraser, British Columbia -- tectonic and geologic sketches and Klondike highway road guide" by D.A. Brew and A.B. Ford. Klondike National Historical Park. Skagway, AK.
Streveler, G.P., B.B. Paige, and K.Z. Bosworth. 1995. Biological inventory of selected portions of the Bartlett Cove, Gustavus, and Indian Point areas, southeast Alaska. Icy Strait Environmental Services, Gustavus, AK. 59 pp.
Streveler, G. 1996. Natural history of Gustavus. 53 pp.
Streveler, G. 1997. Marine reserves: What they are, where they now occur, what their benefits are, and how they might be applied to Glacier Bay. Icy Strait Environmental Services.
Streveler, G.P. 1999. The Falls Creek hydroelectric project: an overview and summary of progress to date on geological, biological and socio/economic research. Icy Strait Environmental Services. Gustavus, Alaska.
Strickland, D., L.L. McDonald, J. Kern, and K. Jenkins. 1993. Estimation of the number of Dall sheep in Wrangell - St. Elias National Park and Preserve - July 1992. U.S. National Park Service, Alaska Regional Office, Anchorage.
Strikwerda, T.E., H.D. Black, N. Levanon, and P.W. Howey. 1985. The bird-borne transmitter. John Hopkins APL Tech. Digest. 6:60-67.
Strikwerda, T.E., M.R. Fuller, W.S. Seegar, P.W. Howey, and H.D. Black. 1986. Bird-borne satellite transmitter and location program. Johns Hopkins APL Tech. Digest. 7:203-208.
Stroud, R.K., C.H. Fiscus, and H. Kajimura. 1981. Food of the Pacific white-sided dolphin, (Lagenorhynchus obliquidens), Dall's porpoise (Phocoenoides dalli), and northern fur seal (Callorhinus ursinus), off California and Washington. Fish. Bull. 78:951-959.
Sturm, D.M. 1991. Report on the glacier research workshop February 5-7, 1991 Eagle River, Alaska. USNPS, US Geological Survey, US Army Corps of Engineers Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, University of Alaska - Geophysical Institute.
Subramanian, A., S. Tanabe, Y. Fujise, and R. Tatsukawa. 1986. Organochlorine residues in Dall's and True's porpoises collected from Northwestern Pacific and adjacent waters. Mem. Natl. Inst. Polar Res. Spec. Issue, 44:167-173.
Subramanian, A., S. Tanabe, and R. Tatsukawa. 1987. Age and size trends and male-female differences of PCBs and DDE in dalli-type Dall's porpoises, Phocoenoides dalli of Northwestern North Pacific. Proc. NIPB Symp. Polar Biol. 1:205-216.
Subramanian, A., S. Tanabe, R. Tatsukawa, S. Saito, and N. Miyazaki. 1987. Reduction in the testosterone levels by PCBS and DDE in Dall's porpoises of Northwestern North Pacific. Mar. Poll. Bull. 18:653-646.
Subramanian, A., T. Shinsuke, and R. Tatsukawa. 1988. Use of organochlorines as chemical tracersin determing some reproductive parameters in dalli-type Dall's porpoise Phocoenoides dalli. 25:161-174.
Subramanian, A.N., S. Tanae, and R. Tatsukawa. 1988. Chemical approach to determine some ecological and physiolgical aspects of Dall's porpoises using organochlorines as tracers. Res. Org. Geochem. 6:51-54.
Suchanek, T.H. 1978. The ecology of Mytilus edulis L. in exposed rocky intertidal communities. J. Exp. Zool. 31:105-120.
Suchanek, T.H. 1981. The role of disturbance in the evolution of life history strategies in the intertidal mussels (Mytilus edulis and Mytilus californianus). Geologia. 50:143-152.
Suckanek, T.H., and J.S. Levinton. 1978. Geographic variation niche breath and genetic differentiation at different geographic scales in the mussels Mytilus californianus and Mytilus edulis. Mar. Behav. and Physiol. 48:363-379.
Suckanek, T.H. 1981. The role of disturbance in the evolution of life history strategies in the intertidal mussels Mytilus edulis and Mytilus californianus. Oceanus. 50:143-152.
Sugarman, P.C., W.H. Pearson, and D.L. Woodruff. 1983. Salinity detection and associated behavior in the Dungeness crab (Cancer magister). Estuaries. 6:380-386.
Sulkin, S.D., and G.L. McKeen. 1989. Laboratory study of survival and duration of individual zoeal stages as a function of temperature in the brachyuran cran Cancer magister. Mar. Behav. and Physiol. 103:31-37.
Sulkin, S.D., and G.L. McKeen. 1996. Larval development of the crab Cancer magister in temperature regimes simulating outer-coast and inland-water habitats. Mar. Behav. and Physiol. 127(2):235-240.
Sulkin, S.D., E. Mojica, and G.L. McKeen. 1996. Elevated summer temperature effects on megalopal and early juvenile development in the Dungeness crab, Cancer magister. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 53(9):2076-2079.
Sullivan, W. Geologists add more pieces to a global jigsaw puzzle. 66-75.
Sullivan, R.M. 1980. Seasonal occurrence and haul-out use in pinnipeds along Humboldt County, California. Journal of Mammalogy. 61(4):754-760.
Sullivan, R.M. 1981. Aquatic displays and interactions in harbor seals, Phoca vitulina, with comments on mating systems. Journal of Mammalogy. 62:825-831.
Sullivan, R.M. 1982. Agonistic behavior and dominance relationships in the harbor seal, Phoca vitulina. Journal of Mammalogy. 64:554-569.
Sullivan, P.J. 1991. Stock Abundance Estimation Using Depth- dependent Trends and Spatially Correlated Variation. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 48:1691-1703.
Sullivan, P.J., T.O. Geernaert, G. St-Pierre, and S.M. Kaimmer. 1993. Mark-recapture methods for Pacific halibut assessment: a feasibility study conducted off the Central Coast of Oregon. IPHC Sci. Rep. 76:5-40.
Sumich, J.L. 1983. Swimming velocities, breathing patterns, and estimated costs of locomotion in migrating gray whales, Eschrichtius robustus. Can. J. Zool. 61:647-652.
Summers, C.F., and M.D. Mountford. 1975. Counting the common seal. Nature. 253:670-671.
Summers, J.K., H.W. Hoffman, and W.A. Richkus. 1983. Randomized sample surveys to estimate annual blue crab harvests by a multi-gear fishery in the Maryland waters of Chesapeake Bay. North American Journal of Fisheries Management. 3:9-20.
Summerson, H.C., and C.H. Peterson. 1984. Role of predation in organizing benthic communities of a temperate-zone seagrass bed. Marine Ecology. 15:63-77.
Sumner, L. 1947. Special report on the hunting rights of the Hoonah Natives in Glacier Bay National Monument. U.S. National Park Service.
Sumpton, W. 1990. Biology of the rock crab Charybdis natator (Herbst) (Brachyura: Portunidae). Bull Mar Sci. 46:425-431.
Suplee, C. 1999. El Nino / La Nina - Nature's vicious cycle. National Geographic. March:73-95.
Suryan, R.M., D.B. Irons, and J. Benson. In Press. Prey switching and variable foraging strategies of Black-legged Kittiwakes and the effect on reproductive success. The Condor.
Sutherland, W.J. 1990. Evolution and fisheries. Nature. 344:814-815.
Swain, D.P., and B.E. Riddell. 1990. Variation in agnostic behavior between newly emerged juveniles from hatchery and wild populations of coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch). Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 47:566-571.
Swain, D.P., and B.E. Riddell. 1991. Domestication and agnostic behaviour in coho salmon: reply to Ruzzante. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 48:520-522.
Swain, U.G. 1996. Foraging behavior of female Steller sea lions in Southeast Alaska and the eastern Gulf of Alaska. Alaska Dept. of Fish and Game. Anchorage, AK.
Swain, U., J. Lewis, G. Pendleton, and K. Pitcher. 1996. Movements, haulout, and diving behavior of harbor seals in Southeast Alaska and Kodiak Island. Alaska Department of Fish and Game Division of Wildlife Conservation. Douglas, Alaska.
Swain, D.P., and R. Morin. 1996. Relationships between geographic distribution and abundance of American plaice (Hippoglossoides platesoides) in the southern Gulf of St. Lawrence. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 53:106-119.
Swain, U.G., and R.J. Small. 1997. Movements, haulout, and diving behavior of harbor seals in Southeast Alaska and the Kodiak Archipelago. Alaska Department of fish and Game, Division of Wildlife Conservation. Anchorage, AK.
Swales, S., and e. al. 1987. Overwintering habitats of coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) and other juvenile salmonids in the Keogh River system, British Columbia. Can. J. Zool. 66:254-261.
Swanton, J.R. 1908. Social conditions, beliefs, and linguistic relationships of the Tlingit Indians. Smithsonian Institution, Bureau of American Ethnology.
Swanton, J.T. 1909. Tlingit myths and texts. Smithsonian Institute, Bureau of American Ethnology.
Swartz, R.C. 1978. Techniques for sampling and analyzing the marine macrobenthos. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Corvallis Environmental Research Laboratory.
Swartz, S.L. 1987. Day and night migration rates of radio tagged gray whales (Eschrichtus robustus) along the central California coast. U.S. National Marine Fisheries Service, National Marine Mammal Laboratory.
Swartzbeck, F. 1988. Beardslee Island survey data. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Swartzbeck, F., and L. Kenny. 1988. Molting Canada goose census, Adams Inlet. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Swartzbeck, F., and J. Warburton. 1988. Molting scoter census in the Hugh Miller area. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Swearer, S.E., J.E. Caselle, D.W. Lea, and R.R. Warner. 1999. Larval retention and recruitment in an island population of a coral-reef fish. Nature. 402:799-802.
Swenson, J.E. Is the Northern Interior bald eagle population in North America increasing? 23-33.
Swihart, R.K., and N.A. Slade. 1985. Testing for independence of observations in animal movements. Ecology. 66:1176-1184.
Swihart, R.K., and N.A. Slade. 1985. Influence of sampling interval on estimates of home-range size. Journal of Wildlife Management. 49:1019-1025.
Swihart, R.K., and N.A. Slade. 1986. The importance of statistical power when testing for independence in animal movements. Ecology. 67(1):255-258.
Swiney, K.M. 1999. Reproductive cycle of the Dungeness Crab, Cancer magister, in southeastern Alaska. Master of Science, University of Alaska, Fairbanks, Fairbanks. 132 pp.
Swiney, K.M., and T.C. Shirley. 2000 submitted. Reproductive cycle of male and female Dungeness Crab, Cancer magister, in southeastern Alaska. J. Crustacean Biol. 132.
Swingle, W.M., S.G. Barco, and T.D. Pitchford. 1993. Appearance of juvenile humpback whales feeding in the nearshore waters of Virginia. Mar. Mamm. Sci. 9:309-315.
Sydeman, W.J., J.F. Penniman, T.M. Penniman, P. Pyle, and D.G. Ainley. 1991. Breeding performance in the Western Gull: effects of parental age, timing of breeding and year in relation to food availability. J. Amer. Stat. Assoc. 60:135-149.
Syms, C., and G.P. Jones. 1999. Scale of disturbance and the structure of a temperate fish guild. Ecological Society of America. 80:921-940.
Syrjala, S.E. 1996. A statistical test for a difference between the spatial distributions of two populations. Ecology. 77:75-80.
Syverson, K.M. 1992. Glacial geology of the southeastern Burroughs Glacier, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve, Alaska. Ph.D. Dissertation (Geology), University of Wisconsin, Madison, pp.
Syverson, K.M., S.J. Gaffield, and D.M. Mickelson. 1994. Comparison of esker morphology and sedimentology with former ice-surface topography, Burroughs Glacier, Alaska. Geological Society of America Bulletin. 106:1130-1142.
Syverson, K.M. 1995. The ability of ice-flow indicators to record complex, historic delglaciation events, Burroughs Glacier, Alaska. Boreas. 24:232-244.
Syverson, K.M., and D.M. Mickelson. 1995. Ablation of debris-covered ice and the formation of pitted outwash plains at Burroughs Glacier, Southeastern Alaska. U.S. National Park Service. Glacier Bay National Park & Preserve, AK. 1993.
Szaro, R.C., and R.M. King. 1990. Sampling intensity and species richness: effects on delineating southwestern riparian plant communities. Forest Ecology and Management. 33-34:335-249.
Szedlmayer, S.T., and K.W. Able. 1993. Ultrasonic telemetry of age-0 summer flounder (Paralichthys dentatus), movements in a southern New Jersey estuary. Copeia. 3:728-736.
Taft, B.A. 1960. A statistical study of the estimation of abundance of sardine (Sardinops caerulea) eggs. Limnology and Oceanography. 5:245-264.
Taggart, S.J., C.E. O'Clair, and T.C. Shirley. 2000 Submitted. Estimating Dungeness crab, Cancer magister, abundance: crab pots and dive transects compared. Fish. Bull.
Takekawa, J.E., H.R. Carter, and T.E. Harvey. 1990. Decline of the common murre in central California, 1980-1986. Studies in Avian Biology. 14:149-163.
Takeshita, K., H. Fujita, T. Yamamoto, and S. Kawasaki. 1969. Morphometric characters of two species of Tanner crab, genus Chionoecetes, in the eastern Bering Sea. Bull. Far Seas Fish. Res. Lab. 2:163-176.
Takeshita, K., H. Fujita, and S. Matsuura. 1990. A note on population structure in the eastern Bering Sea adult red king crab, Paralithodes camtschatica. Anchorage, Alaska.
Tamura, T., Y. Fujise, and K. Shimazaki. 1998. Diet of Minke whales Balaenoptera acutorostrata in the northwestern part of the North Pacific in summer, 1994 and 1995. Fisheries Science. 64:71-76.
Tanaxredl, J.T. 1991. Biodepuration of polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons from a bivalve mollusc (Mercenaria mercenaria L.). Environ. Sci. Technol. 25:1453-1461.
Tanner, J.T. 1966. Effects of population density on growth rates of animal populations. Ecology. 47(5):733-745.
Tanner, S. 1979. Cryptogamic and phytosociological aspects of ecological succession in Glacier Bay, southeast Alaska. University of London, Chelsea College.
Tanner, R.W., K.M. Kilbride, J.A. Crawford, and B.A. Williams. 1992. Automated mapping of radiotelemetric locations for wildlife studies. Wildlife Society Bulletin. 20:232-233.
Tanner, J.E., T.P. Hughes, and J.H. Connell. 1994. Species coexistence, keystone species, and succession: a sensitivity analysis. Ecology. 75:2204-2219.
Tappeiner II, H.C., and P.B. Alaback. 1989. Early establishment and vegetative growth of understory species in the western hemlock-Sitka spruce forest of southeast Alaska. Canadian Journal of Botany. 67:318-326.
Tarr, L.S., and L. Martin. 1912. Earthquake at Yakutat Bay, Alaska in September 1899. U.S. Geological Survey.
Tarr, R.S., and L. Martin. 1914. Glacier Bay. In: Alaskan glacier studies. Vol. National Geographic Society, Washington, D.C., pp. 6-9.
Tarrant, B. 1991. Marbled murrlet: Alaska's spotted owl? Anchorage, Alaska.
Tasto, R.N. 1983. Dungeness crab critical stage studies, an introduction. In: P.W. Wild and R.N. Tasto (eds.), Life history, environment, and mariculture studies of the Dungeness crab, (Cancer magister), with emphasis on the central California fishery resource. Vol. 172. California Department of Fish and Game, pp. 29-38.
Tasto, R.N. 1983. Juvenile Dungeness crab, Cancer magister, studies in the San Francisco Bay area. In: P.W. Wild and R.N. Tasto (eds.), Life history, environment, and mariculture studies of the Dungeness crab, Cancer magister, with emphasis on the central California fishery resource. Vol. 172. California Department of Fish and Game, pp. 135-154.
Tate, J., and M.R. Pelton. Human-bear interactions in Great Smoky Mountains national park. 5.
Tatsuoka, M.M. 1970. Selected topics in advance statistics: an elementary approach. Institute for Personality and Ability Testing, Champaign, Illinois. 57 pp.
Taverner, P.A. 1943. Do fishes prey upon sea-birds? The Ibis. 85:347.
Taylor, R.F. 1932. Letter telling about a trip to Lituya Bay in 1932. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Taylor, R.F. 1932. Successional trend and its relation to second growth forests in southeastern Alaska. Ecology. 13:381-391.
Taylor, R.F. 1935. Available nitrogen as a factor influencing occurrence of Sitka Spruce and western hemlock seedlings in the forests of southeast Alaska. Ecology. 16:580-602.
Taylor, L.D. 1962. Ice structures, Burroughs Glacier, southeast Alaska. Ph.D. Dissertation (Geology), Ohio State University, Columbus. pp.
Taylor, L.D. 1963. Structure and fabric on the Burroughs Glacier, southeast Alaska. Journal of Glaciology. 4:731-752.
Taylor, R.J. 1976. Value of clumping to prey and the evolutionary response of ambush predators. Am. Nat. 110:13-29.
Taylor, B.L., and P.K. Dawson. 1980. A study concerning aspects of the natural history of harbor porpoise (Phocoena phocoena) in Glacier Bay National Monument. U.S. National Park Service, Anchorage Regional Office.
Taylor, M.S. 1983. Boreal toad (Bufo boreas) as a successional animal in Glacier Bay, Alaska. M.S. Thesis (Geology), California State University, Hayward, pp.
Taylor, M. 1984. Bear survey at Sandy Cove.
Taylor, B.L., and P.K. Dawson. 1984. Seasonal changes in density and behavior of harbor porpoise (Phocoena phocoena) affecting census methodology in Glacier Bay National Park, Alaska. International Whaling Commission.
Taylor, M. 1984. Survey of molting geese in Adams Inlet. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Taylor, M. 1985. The fisheries of Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Taylor, L.D. 1987. Burroughs Glacier ablation, velocity, and ice structure studies. In: Anderson, P.J., et al. (eds.) Observed processes of glacial deposition in Glacier Bay, Alaska. Ohio State University, Byrd Polar Research Center. Columbus.
Taylor, D.L., S. Schliebe, and H. Metsker. 1989. Contaminants in blubber, liver and kidney tissue of Pacific walruses. Marine Pollution Bulletin. 20:465-468.
Taylor, D.M., G.W. Marshall, and P.G. O'Keefe. 1989. Shell hardening in snow crabs Chionoecetes opilio tagged in soft-shelled condition. North American Journal of Fisheries Management. 9:504-508.
Taylor, M.S., and A. Perry. 1990. Commercial fishing patterns in Glacier Bay National Park, Alaska. U.S. National Park Service. Glacier Bay National Park & Preserve, AK. 1988.
Taylor, E.B. 1990. Variability in agnostic behaviour and salinity tolerance between and within two populations of juvenile chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) with contrasting life histories. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 47:2172-2180.
Taylor, D.M., and J.M. Hoenig. 1990. Growth per molt of male snow crab Chionoecetes opilio from Conception and Bonavista Bays, Newfoundland. Fish. Bull. 88:753-760.
Taylor, D.M., and W.G. Warren. 1990. The effect of shell condition on male snow crab, Chionoecetes opilio, weight-width relationships. Anchorage, Alaska.
Taylor, L.R. 1991. Proper studies and the art of the soluble. Ibis. 9-23.
Taylor, D.M., and W.G. Warren. 1991. Male snow crab, Chionoecetes opilio (Fabricius, 1788), weight-width relationships: An exercise in multi-source regression. J Shellfish Res. 10:165-168.
Taylor, D.M. 1992. Long-term observations on movements of tagged male snow crabs in Bonavista Bay, Newfoundland. North American Journal of Fisheries Management. 12:777-782.
Taylor, B.L. 1995. Defining "Populations" to meet management objectives for marine mammals. Southwest Fisheries Science Center. La Jolla, CA.
Taylor, B.L. 1995. The reliability of using population viability analysis for risk classification of species. Cons. Biology. 9:551-558.
Taylor, B.L., P.R. Wade, R.A. Stehn, and J.F. Cochrane. 1996. A bayesian approach to classification criteria for spectacled eiders. Ecol. Appl. 6:1077-1089.
Taylor, B.L. 1997. Defining "population" to meet management objectives for marine mammals. In: A.E. Dizon, S.J. Chivers and W.F. Perrin (eds.), Molecular Genetics of Marine Mammals. Vol. 3. Society for Marine Mammalogy, pp. 49-65.
Taylor, B.L., S.J. Chivers, and A.E. Dizon. 1997. Using statistical power to interpret genetic data to define management units for marine mammals. In: A.E. Dizon, S.J. Chivers and W.F. Perrin (eds.), Molecular Genetics of Marine Mammals. Vol. 3. Society for Marine Mammalogy, pp. 347-364.
Taylor, D.M., and P.G. O'Keefe. 1997. Summary of performance of the 1995 Newfoundland and Labrador snow crab fishery. Department of fisheries and oceans.
Taylor, D.M., P.G. O'Keefe, and P.J. Veitch. 1997. Results of the 1996 Div. 3L inshore/nearshore snow crab time-series research cruises. Department of fisheries and oceans.
Taylor, D.M., and P.G. O'Keefe. 1997. Summary of performance of the 1996 Newfoundland and Labrador snow crab fishery. Department of fisheries and oceans.
Taylor, A.A., H. Davis, and G.J. Boyle. 1998. Increased vigilancetoward unfamiliar humans by harbor (Phoca vitulina) and gray
(Halichoerus grypus) seals.
*Department of Psychology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario,
Canada, N1G 2W1 (email: hdavis@uoguelph.ca). Marine Mammal Science. 14:575-583.
Taylor, D.M., and P.G. O'Keefe. 1998. Assessment of the 1997 Newfoundland and Labrador snow crab fishery. Department of fisheries and oceans.
Tear, T.H., J.M. Scott, P.H. Hayward, and B. Griffith. 1993. Status and prospects for success of the Endangered Species Act: a look at recovery plans. Scientific Reports Whales Research Institute, Tokyo. 262:976-977.
Tegelberg, H.C. 1972. Condition, yield, and handling mortality studies on dungeness crabs during the 1969 and 1970 season. Washington Department of Fisheries.
Tegner, M.J. 1993. Southern California abalones: can stocks be rebuilt using marine harvest refugia? Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 50:2010-2018.
Tegner, M.J., and P.K. Dayton. 1998. Shifting baselines and the problem of reduced expectations in nearshore fisheries. In: O. Magoon, H. Converse, B. Baird and M. Miller-Henson (eds.), California and the world ocean '97. Vol. Asce, Reston, VA (USA), pp.
Teilman, J., and R. Dietz. 1994. Status of the harbour seal, Phoca vitulina, in Greenland. Can. Field-Nat. 108:139-155.
Tella, J.L., I. Torre, and T. Ballesteros. 1995. High consumption rate of Black-legged Kittiwakes by Common Ravens in a Norwegian seabird colony. Colonial Waterbirds. 18:231-233.
Temple, B., and Sloane Inc. 1985. Mineral ownership and development activity in and around the national parks. The Corporation, Lexington, MA. 63 pp.
Temple, S.A., and J.A. Wiens. 1989. Bird populations and environmental changes: can birds be bio-indicators? Am. Birds. Summer 1989:260-270.
Temte, J.L. 1991. Precise birth timing in captive harbor seals (Phoca vitulina) and California sea lions (Zalophus californianus). Marine Mammal Science. 7:145-156.
Temte, J.L. 1993. Photoperiod defines the phenology of birth in captive California sea lions. Marine Mammal Science. 9:301-308.
Temte, J.L. 1994. Photoperiod control of birth timing in the harbour seal (Phoca vitulina). Journal of the Zoological Society of London. 233:369-384.
ter Braak, C.J.F. 1987. Unimodal models to relate species to environment. Ph.D. Dissertation, Wageningen, the Netherlands, pp.
Terhune, J.M., R.E.A. Steward, and K. Ronald. 1979. Influence of vessel noises on underwater vocal activity of harp seals. Can. J. Zool. 57:1337-1338.
Terhune, J.M. 1985. Scanning behavior of harbour seals on haul-out sites. Journal of Mammalogy. 66:392-395.
Terhune, J.M. 1987. Unresolved aspects concerning the influence of noise on marine mammals. The Geophysical Institute. Fairbanks, Alaska. 2.
Terhune, J.M. 1989. Underwater click hearing thresholds of a harbour seal, Phoca vitulina. Aquat. Mamm. 15.1:22-26.
Terhune, J.M. 1994. Geographical variation of harp seal underwater vocalizations. Can. J. Zool. 72:892-897.
Terhune, J.M., and S.W. Brillant. 1996. Harbour seal vigilance decreases over time since haul out. Anim. Behav. 51:757-763.
Terry, C.J. 1975. Small terrestrial mammals. In: Streveler, G.P. and I.A. Worley, eds. Dixon Harbor Biological Survey. Final report on the summer phase of the 1974 research. U.S. National Park Service.
Terry, C.J. 1976. Small mammals of Dixon Harbor and adjacent areas of the outer coast of Glacier Bay National Monument. University of Kansas.
Terry, C.J. 1977. Small mammals. In: Streveler, G.P. and I.A. Worley, eds. Dixon Harbor Biology Survey. Final report on the summer phase of 1975 research. U.S. National Park Service.
Terry, C.J. 1980. Small mammals. In: Streveler, G.P., I.A. Worley, and B.F. Molnia. Lituya Bay Environmental Survey VI. U.S. National Park Service.
Tessier, A.J., and R.J. Horwitz. 1990. Influence of water chemistry on size structure of zooplankton assemblages. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 47:1937-1943.
The Wilderness Society. The Alaska Lands Act: a broken promise.
Thedinga, J.F., M.L. Murphy, and K.V. Koski. 1988. Seasonal habitat utilization by juvenile salmon in the lower Taku River, southeast Alaska. U.S. National Marine Fisheries Service, Auke Bay Laboratory.
Thedinga, J.F., M.L. Murphy, J. Heifeta, K.V. Koski, and S.W. Johnson. 1989. Effects of logging on size and age composition of juvenile coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) and density of presmolts in southeast Alaska streams. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 46:1383-1391.
Thiebaux, M.L., P.R. Boudreau, and L.M. Dickie. 1991. An analytical model of acoustic fish reflection for estimation of maximum dorsal aspect target strength. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 48:1772-1782.
Thiel, E., W.E. Bonini, N.A. Ostenso, and G.P. Woollard. 1958. Gravity measurements in Alaska. Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution.
Thiel, M., G. Nehls, S. Brager, and J. Meissner. 1990. The impact of boating on the distribution of seals and moulting ducks in the wadden sea of schleswig-holstein. Netherlands Institute for Sea Research. Ameland. 20.
Thomas, B.J., and R.V. Berryhill. 1962. Reconnaissance studies of Alaskan beach sands, eastern Gulf of Alaska. U.S. Bureau of Mines.
Thomas, C.S. 1983. The relationship between breeding experience, egg volume, and reproductive success of the Kittiwake Rissa tridactyla. Ibis. 125:567-574.
Thomas, D.H. 1985. A possible link between coho (silver) salmon enhancement and a decline in central California Dungeness crab abundance. Fish. Bull. 83(4):682-691.
Thomas, C.S., and J.C. Coulson. 1988. Reproductive success of Kittiwake gulls, Rissa tridactyla. In: T.H. Clutton-Brock (ed.), Reproductive Success. Vol. University of Chicago Press, Chicago, pp. 251-262.
Thomas, R. 1991. Threatened species list won't include Alaska murrelet. Juneau, AK.
Thomas, R.E., and S.D. Rice. 1992. Salinity tolerance of adult and juvenile red king crabs Paralithodes camtschatica. Comp Biochem Physiol A Comp Physiol. 103:433-437.
Thomas, L. 1996. Monitoring long-term population change: Why are there so many analysis methods? Ecology. 77:49-58.
Thomason, G.J., and G.F. Woods. 1987. 1987 Annual summary of Yakutat finfish and shellfish operations. Alaska Department of Fish and Game.
Thomason, G.J., and G.F. Woods. 1988. 1988 Annual summary of Yakutat finfish and shellfish operations. Alaska Department of Fish and Game.
Thompson, S.C., and K.E. McCurdy. Black bear management in Yosemite National Park: more a people management problem.
Thompson, W.F. 1941. Ichthyological notes. Copeia. 4:270.
Thompson, P.O., W.C. Cummings, and S.J. Kennison. 1977. Sound production of humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) in Alaskan waters.
Thompson, T.J., H.E. Winn, and P.J. Perkins. 1979. Mysticete sounds. In: H.E. Winn and B.L. Olla (eds.), Behavior of Marine Animals: Current Perspectives in Research. Vol. 3. Plenum Press, New York, pp. 403-431.
Thompson, P.O., and W.A. Friedl. 1982. A long term study of low frequency sounds from several species of whales off Oahu, Hawaii. Cetology. 45:1-19.
Thompson, P.O., and e. al. 1986. Sounds, source levels, and associated behavior of humpback whales, southeast Alaska. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America. 80:735-740.
Thompson, P., and P. Rothery. 1987. Age and sex differences in the timing of moult in the common seal (Phoca vitulina). Journal of the Zoological Society of London. 212:597-603.
Thompson, P.M. 1989. Seasonal changes in the distribution and composition of common seal (Phoca vitulina) haul-out groups. Journal of the Zoological Society of London. 217:281-294.
Thompson, P.M., M.A. Fedak, B.J. McConnell, and K.S. Nicholas. 1989. Seasonal and sex-related variation in the activity patterns of common seals (Phoca vitulina). Journal of Applied Ecology. 26:521-535.
Thompson, M.B., and K.N. Goldie. 1990. Conductance & structure of eggs of Adelie penguins & its implications for incubation. The Condor. 92:304-312.
Thompson, R.J., and B.A. MacDonald. 1990. The role of environmental conditions in the seasonal synthesis and utilisation of biochemical energy reserves in the giant scallop (Placopecten magellanicus). Can. J. Zool. 68:750-756.
Thompson, P.M., and J. Harwood. 1990. Methods for estimating the population size of common seals (Phoca vitulina). Journal of Applied Ecology. 27:924-938.
Thompson, P.M., and D. Miller. 1990. Summer foraging activity and movements of radio-tagged common seals (Phoca vitulina. L.) in the Moray Firth, Scotland. Journal of Applied Ecology. 27:492-501.
Thompson, R.J., and M. Hawryluk. 1990. Physiological energetics of the snow crab, Chionoecetes opilio. Anchorage, Alaska.
Thompson, P.M., G.J. Pierce, J.R.G. Hislop, D. Miller, and J.S.W. Diack. 1991. Winter foraging by common seals (Phoca vitulina) in relation to food availability in the inner Moray Firth, N.E. Scotland. J. Amer. Stat. Assoc. 60:283-294.
Thompson, S.K., F.L. Ramsey, and G.A.F. Seber. 1992. An adaptive procedure for sampling animal populations. Biometrics. 48:1195-1199.
Thompson, G. 1993. Compensating for harvest externalities in the management of interjurisdictional fisheries. Alaska Sea Grant College Program. University of Alaska Fairbanks. 93-02.
Thompson, P.M., K.M. Kovacs, and B.J. McConnel. 1994. Natal dispersal of harbour seals (Phoca vitulina) from breeding sites in Orkney, Scotland. J. Zool., Lond. 234:668-673.
Thompson, P.M., D. Miller, R. Cooper, and P.S. Hammond. 1994. Changes in the distribution and activity of female harbour seals during the breeding season: implications for their location strategy and mating patterns. J. Amer. Stat. Assoc. 63:24-30.
Thompson, K. 1995. Notes on the 10th international conference on bear research and management. Juneau, Ak.
Thompson, P.M., D.J. Tollit, D. Wood, H.M. Corpe, P.S. Hammond, and A. Mackay. 1997. Estimating harbour seal abundance and status in an estuarine habitat in north-east Scotland. Journal of Applied Ecology. 34:43-52.
Thomson, A. 1990. An industry perspective on problems facing the rebuilding of king and Tanner (Bairdi) crab stocks of the eastern Bering Sea. Anchorage, Alaska.
Thomson, J.D., G. Weiblen, B.A. Thomson, S. Alfaro, and P. Legendre. 1996. Untangling multiple factors in spatial distributions: Lilies, gophers, and rocks. Ecology (Washington D C). 77:1698-1715.
Thorn, C.E. 1984. Chemical weathering process on the Vantage Peak Nunatak, Juneau Icefield, southern Alaska. Physical Geography. 5:111-131.
Thorne, R.E., and G.L. Thomas. 1990. Acoustic observations of gas bubble release by Pacific herring (Clupea harengus pallasi). Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 47:1920-1928.
Thorne, R.E. 1998. Review: experiences with shallow water acoustics. Fisheries Research (Amsterdam). 35:137-141.
Thornton, T.F., R.F. Schroeder, and R.G. Bosworth. 1990. Use of sockeye salmon at Sitkoh Bay, Alaska. Alaska Department of Fish and Game.
Thornton, T.F. 1995. Tlingit and Euro-American toponymies in Glacier Bay. U.S. National Park Service. Glacier Bay National Park & Preserve, AK. 1993.
Thorsell, J. 1991. Guidelines for managing research in protected areas. Elsevier. Acadia University, Nova Scotia, Canada. 7.
Thorsteinson, F.B., and L. C.J. 1962. Biological observations of Steller sea lions taken during and experimental harvest. Journal of Mammalogy. 26:353-359.
Thorton, T.F. 1992. Subsistence use of brown bear in Southeast Alaska. Alaska Department of Fish and Game, division of subsistence. Douglas, AK.
Thorton, T.F. 1995. Place and being among the Tlingit. University of Washingto. Seattle.
Threlfall, W. 1968. The food of three species of gulls in Newfoundland. Can. Field-Nat. 82:176-180.
Thrush, S.F. et al. 1997. Scaling-up from experiments to complex ecological systems: where to next? Journal of experimental marine biology and ecology. 216:243-254.
Thrush_etal. 1994. ImpactsOnSoftSedimentMacrofauna. Ecol. Appl. 4:
Ticco, P.C. 1995. The use of marine protected areas to preserve and enhance marine biological diversity: A case study. Coastal management. 23:309-314.
Tiersch, T.R. 1993. An evaluation of the use of flow cytometry to identify sex in the Florida Scrub Jay. Journal of Field Ornithology. 64:18-26.
Tillman, M.F., and G.P. Donovan. 1986. Report of the workshop on the behaviour of whales in relation to management. In: G.P. Donovan (ed.), Behaviour of whales in relation to management. Vol. Special Issue 8. International Whaling Commission, pp. 3-56.
Tilman, D. 1996. Biodiversity: Population versus ecosystem stability. Ecology (Washington D C). 77:350-363.
Timko, R.E., and A.L. Kolz. 1982. Satellite sea turtle tracking. Marine Fisheries Review. 44:19-24.
Timm, D., and F. Robards. 1973. Glacier Bay goose banding project - 1973. U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service/Alaska Department of Fish and Game.
Tinbergen, N. 1959. Comparative studies of the behaviour of gulls (Laridae): A progress report. Behav. 15:1-70.
Tinbergen, N., M. Impekoven, and D. Franck. 1967. An experiment on spacing out as a defense against predators. Behav. 28:307-321.
Tinney Jr., R.T. 1988. Review of information bearing upon the conservation and protection of humpback whales in Hawaii. U.S. Marine Mammal Commission.
Tischendorf, L., and C. Wissel. 1997. Corridors as conduits for small animals: Attainable distances depending on movement pattern, boundary reaction and corridor width. Oikos. 79:603-611.
Titus, K., and M.R. Fuller. Bald Eagle banding in Alaska. 17.
Titus, R.G., and H. Mosegaard. 1991. Selection for growth potential among migratory brown trout (Salmo trutta) fry competing for territories: evidence from otoliths. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 48:19-27.
Tkacz, B. 1993. Tagging the big ones. Alaska Fisherman's Journal. August 1993:45-47.
Tmte, J.L. 1993. Latitudinal variation in the birth timing of captive California sea lions and other captive North Pacific pinnipeds. Fish. Bull. 91:710-717.
Tocher, D., and D.J. Miller. 1959. Field observations on effects of Alaska earthquake of 10 July 1958. Scientific Reports Whales Research Institute, Tokyo. 129:394-395.
Tocher, D. 1960. The Alaska earthquake of Jul. 10, 1958: movement on the Fairweather fault and field investigation of southern epicentral region. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America. 50:267-292.
Tocher, D. 1960. The Alaska earthquake of Jul. 10, 1958: introduction. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America. 50:217-220.
Todd, S., P. Stevick, J. Lien, F. Marques, and D. Ketten. 1996. Behavioural effects of exposure to underwater explosions in humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae). Can. J. Zool. 74:1661-1672.
Toggweiler, J.R. 1990. Diving into the organic soup. Nature. 345:203-204.
Tokeshi, M., C. Estrella, and C. Paredes. 1989. Feeding ecology of a size-structured predator population, the South American sun-star Heliaster helianthus. Mar Biol (Berl). 100:495-506.
Tokranov, A.M. 1993. Features of feeding of benthic predatory fishes of the west Kamchatka shelf. 45-55.
Tollefson, K.D. 1976. The cultural foundation of political revitalization among the Tlingit. University of Washington. Seattle.
Tollit, D.J., S.P.R. Greenstreet, and P.M. Thompson. 1997. Prey selection by harbour seals, Phoca vitulina, in relation to variations in prey abundance. Can. J. Zool. 75:1508-1518.
Tomilin, A.G. 1957. Cetacea. In: V.G. Heptner (ed.), Mamm. Species. Vol. Izd. Akad. Nauk USSR, Moscow, pp. 246-295.
Tominaga, O., K. Nashida, T. Maeda, T. Takahashi, and K. Kato. 1991. Annual life cycle and distribution of adult righteye flounder (Pleuronectes herzensteini) in the coastal waters of northern Niigata Prefecture. Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi. 57:2023-2031.
Tominaga, O., and K. Nashida. 1991. Interspecific relationship between brown sole (Pleuronectes herzensteini) and other demersal fishes in the coastal waters of northern Niigata Prefecture. Bull. Jpn. Sea Nat. Fish. Res. Inst. 41:11-26.
Tonomura, A. et al. 1999. Genetic tracking of a protected whale. 397.
totem, H. 1994. Huna planning committee meeting reports. Hoonah, AK.
Townsend, D.W., and R.W. Spinrad. 1985. Early spring phytoplankton blooms in the Gulf of Maine. Cont. Shelf. Res. 6:515-529.
Trager, E.A. 1940. Glacier Bay Expedition, 1939. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Transportation, U.S.D.o., and D.o.T.a.P. Facilities. 1997. Juneau Access Improvements, Draft Environmental Impact Statement. Juneau, Alaska.
Trautman, M.B. 1966. Birds. In: Mirsky A., ed. Soil development and ecological succession in a deglaciated area of Muir Inlet, southeast Alaska. Ohio State University, Institute of Polar Studies. Columbus.
Treacy, S.D. 1981. Retrieval of otoliths and statoliths from gastrointestinal contents and scats of marine mammals. Journal of Wildlife Management. 45:990-993.
Tremblay, M.J., and K.F. Drinkwater. 1997. Temperature, catch rate, and catchability during the spring lobster fishery off eastern Cape Breton. Department of fisheries and oceans.
Tremblay, M.J., R. Duggan, R. O'Dor, C. Curtis, D. Webber, and Y. Andrade. 1999. Daily movements of lobsters from ultrasonic tracking. Journal of Shellfish Research. 18:307.
Tripp, A. 1993. Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve. Albion Publishing Group, Santa Barbara. 32 pp.
Trites, A.W., and M.A. Bigg. 1992. Changes in body growth of northern fur seals from 1958 to 1974: density effects or changes in the ecosystem? Fisheries Ocean. 1:127.
Trites, A.W., and A.E. York. 1993. Unexpected changes in reproductive rates and mean age at first birth during the decline of the Pribilof northern fur seal (Callorhinus ursinus). Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 50:858-864.
Trites, A.W., and P.A. Larkin. 1996. Changes in the abundance of Steller sea lions (Eumetopias jubatus) in Alaska from 1956 to 1992: how many were there? Aquat. Mamm. 22.3:153-166.
Trotter, P.C. 1989. Coastal cutthroat trout: a life history compendium. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society. 118:463-473.
Trowbridge, C. 1996. Prince William Sound Management Area 1995 Shellfish Annual Management Report. Ak. Dept. Fish Game, Div. Comm. Fish. Manage. Dev., Reg. Info. Rpt. 2A96-29:1-48.
True, F.W. 1904. The whalebone whales of the western North Atlantic. 332 pp.
Trumble, R.J., I.R. McGurgen, G. St. Pierre, P.A. McCaughran, and S.H. Hoag. 1990. Sixty years of tagging Pacific halibut: a case study. 7.
Trumble, R.J., J.D. Neilson, W.R. Bowering, and D.A. McCaughran. 1993. Atlantic halibut (hippoglossus hippoglossus) and pacific halibut (h. stenolepis) and their north american fisheries. Canadian Bulletin Of Fisheries And Aquatic Sciences. I-IV, 1-84.
Tuck, G.N., and H.P. Possingham. 2000. Marine protected areas for spatially structured exploited stocks. Marine Ecol. Prog. Rep. 192:89-101.
Tucker, G.H. 1951. Relation of fishes and other organisms to the scattering of underwater sound. J. Marine Research. 10:215-238.
Tucker, G.M., and J.A. Allen. 1993. The behavioural basis of apostatic selection by humans searching for computer-generated cryptic 'prey'. Anim. Behav. 46:713-719.
Tudge, C.C., and B.G.M. Jamieson. 1991. Ultrastructure of the mature spermatozoon of the coconut crab Birgus latro (Coenobitidae: Paguroidea: Decapoda). Mar Biol (Berl). 108:395-402.
Tufto, J., R. Andersen, and J. Linnell. 1996. Habitat use and ecological correlates of home range size in a small cervid: the roe deer. J. Amer. Stat. Assoc. 65:715-724.
Tunnell, R. 1970. Source of ice in lower Glacier Bay. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Turek, M.F. 1993. Glacier Bay archival material 1908-1949. Huna Traditional Tribal Council
Alaska Department of Fish and Game, division of subsistence
Native American fish and wildlife society. Douglas, AK.
Turnbull, S.D., and J.M. Terhune. 1990. White noise and pure tone masking of pure tone thresholds of a harbour seal listening in air and underwater. Can. J. Zool. 68:2090-2097.
Turner, D. Estimates without measures of precision are unacceptable. Ogden, UT.
Turner, R.E. 1994. Landscapes and the coastal zone. In: Environmental science in the coastal zone: issues for further research. Vol. National Academy Press, Washington D.C, pp. 85-106.
Turner, R.E., and J.R. Schubel. 1994. Research and development funding for coastal science and management in the united states. In: Environmental science in the coastal zone: issues for further research. Vol. National Academy Press, Washington D.C, pp. 155-164.
Turner, M.G., G.J. Arthaud, R.T. Engstrom, S.J. Hejl, J. Liu, S. Loeb, and K. McKelvey. 1995. Usefulness of spatially explicit population models in land management. Ecol. Appl. 5:12-16.
Twenhofel, W.S. 1946. Molybdenite deposits of the Nunatak area, Muir Inlet, Glacier Bay, Alaska. U.S. Geological Survey.
Twenhofel, W.S., J.C. Reed, and G.O. Gates. 1949. Some mineral investigations in southeastern Alaska. U.S. Geological Survey.
Twenhofel, W.S. 1952. Recent shoreline changes along the Pacific coast of Alaska. Amer. J. Sci. 250:523-548.
Twenhofel, W.S., and C.L. Sainsbury. 1958. Fault patterns in southeast Alaska. Geological Society of America Bulletin. 69:1431-1442.
Twight, B.W., K.L. Smith, and G.H. Wissinger. 1981. Privacy and camping: closeness to the self vs. closeness to others. Leisure Sciences. 4:427-441.
Twiss, S.D., P.P. Pomeroy, and S.S. Anderson. 1994. Dispersion and site fidelity of breeding male grey seals (Halichoerus grypus) on North Rona, Scotland. Journal of the Zoological Society of London. 233:683-693.
Tyack, P. Population Biology Social Behavior and Communication in Whales and Dolphins. Trends in Ecology & Evolution. 1:144-150.
Tyack, P., and H. Whitehead. 1983. Male competition in large groups of wintering humpback whales. 132-154.
Tyack, P. 1988. Boat and ship radiated noise 1/3 octave spectra.
Tyack, P.L. 1989. Let's have less public relations and more ecology. Oceanogr. Mar. Biol. Annu. Rev. 32:103-108.
Tyler, J.A., and J.F. Gilliam. 1995. Ideal free distributions of stream fish: A model and test with minnows, Rhinichthys atratulus. Ecology (Washington D C). 76:580-592.
Tyler, A.V., and G.H. Kruse. 1996. Conceptual modeling of brood strength of red king crabs in the Bristol Bay region of the Bering Sea. Alaska Sea Grant College Program. Anchorage, AK (USA). 96-02.
Tyler, A., and G. Kruse. 1996. Process modeling and red king crab year-class strength in Bristol Bay region of the bering sea. Pices Press. 4:2-7.
Tynen, M.J. 1970. The geographical distribution of ice worms (Oligochaeta: Enchytraidae). Can. J. Zool. 48:1363-1367.
U.S. Congress. 1980. Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation Act. (Public Law 96-487. 96th Congress. 94 Statutes, 2371-2551). U.S. Congress.
U.S. Congress. 1998. Omnibus Consolidated and Emergency Supplemental Appropriations Act for FY 1999. Fed. Reg. Section 123:signed October 21, 1998.
U.S. Senate. 1975. A hearing before the Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs, U.S. Senate, 94th Congress, 1st Session, on S2371, a bill to provide for the regulation of mining activity within, and to repeal the application of mining laws to, areas of the National Park System and for other purposes, Oct. 7, 1975. U.S. Government Printing Office.
Uchida, S., N. Higashi, and A. Takemura. 1993. Preliminary report of humpback whale of Okinawa, Japan. Okinawa, Japan.
Uchida, S. (ed). 1997. Kings of the sea: humpback whales: a 1991-1995 survey of cetaceans in Japanese waters. Tokai Foundation, Okinawa, Japan.
Uchmanski, J., and V. Grimm. 1996. Individual-based modelling in ecology: What makes the difference? Trends in Ecology & Evolution. 11:437-441.
Uda, M. 1964. Subarctic oceanography in relation to whaling and salmon fisheries. Sci. Repts. Whales Res. Inst. 18:105-119.
Udevitz, M.S. Modeling variability in replicated surveys at aggregation sites. USGS, Alaska Biological Science Center.
Udevitz, M.S., J.L. Bodkin, and D.P. Costa. 1995. Detection of sea otters in boat-based surveys of Prince William Sound, Alaska. Marine Mammal Science. 11:59-71.
Uglem, I., and S. Grimsen. 1995. Tag retention and survival of juvenile lobsters, Homarus gammarus (L.), marked with coded wire tags. Aquaculture Research. 26:837-841.
Ugolini, F.C. 1966. Soils. In: Mirsky, A., ed. Soil development and ecological succession in a deglaciated area of Muir Inlet, southeast Alaska. Ohio State University, Institute of Polar Studies. Columbus.
Ugolini, F.C. 1968. Soil development and alder invasion in a recently deglaciated area of Glacier Bay, Alaska. In: J.M. Trappe and e. al (eds.), Biology of Alder. Vol. U.S. Forest Service, Pacific N.W. Forest and Range Experiment Station, Portland, Oregon, pp. 115-140.
Ugolini, F.O., and D.H. Mann. 1979. Biopedological origin of peatlands in southeast Alaska. Nature. 281:366-368.
Ugolini, F.O., and D.H. Mann. 1980. Soils. In Streveler, G.P., I.A. Worley, and B.F. Molnia. (eds.) Lituya Bay Environmental Survey. V.1. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay Natonal Park and Preserve.
Ukishima, Y., Y. Sakane, A. Fukuda, S. Wada, and S. Okada. 1995. Identification of whale species by liquid chromatographic analysis of sarcoplasmic proteins. Marine Mammal Science. 11:344-361.
Underwood, A.J. 1994. On beyond baci: sampling designs that might reliably detect environmental disturbances. Ecol. Appl. 4:3-15.
Underwood. 1994. OnBeyondBaci. Ecol. Appl. 4:
Underwood, A.J. 1995. Ecological research and (and research into) environmental management. Ecol. Appl. 5:232-247.
union, A.o. 1957. Check-list of North American birds. 691 pp.
United States Department of the Interior. 1983. Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation Act.
United States Man and Biosphere Program. 1995. Biosphere reserves in action. 86 pp.
Unknown. The Alaska Lands Act: A broken promise. The Wilderness Society.
Unknown. Ice worms. 3.
Unknown. Partial bibliography of birds for southeast Alaska and vicinity. 1.
Unknown. Monitoring sea otter re-colonization of marine habits. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park & Preserve.
Unknown. 1983. Southeast sea lions population stable. Fish Game Bull. 3.
Unknown. 1986. Marbled murrelets (Brachyramphys marmoratus perdix) (Pall.). In: N.M. Litvinenko (ed.), Seabirds of the Far East
Collection of Scientific Papers. Vol. Academy of Sciences of the USSR
Far East Science Center
Institute of Biology and Soil Sciences
AMUR-USSURI Branch of USSR Ornithological Society, Vladivostok, pp. 141-143.
Unknown. 1986. Travels of a terrane. Engineering & Science. 32-33.
Unknown. 1989. Know your whales: their names, population estimates, and status. Oceanus. 32(1):
Unknown. 1990. Predation on a ringed seal (Phoca hispida), and a black guillemot (Cepphus grylle), by a Pacific walrus (Odebenus rosmarus divergens). Marine Mammal Science. 6:348-350.
Unknown. 1990. Unusual gray whale migration. Marine Pollution Bulletin. 21:171.
Unknown. 1991. Steller sea lions in decline - protective measures adopted for 1992. North Pacific Fishery Management Council Newsletter. November:3-4.
Unknown. 1991. Murrelet nest discovered in Sound. Anchorage, AK.
Unknown. 1992. Steller sea lions. Anchorage.
Unknown. 1992. New underwater towed laser survey system.
Unknown. 1993. Regulatory standards and hidden costs of compliance. Juneau, Alaska.
Unknown. 1994. Attack of killer whales (Orcinus orca) on humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) on a South American Pacific breeding ground. Marine Mammal Science. 10:218-222.
Unkown. 1991. Managing beetle-killed spruce on the Kenai Peninsula. University of Alaska Anchorage, Institute of Social and Economic Research.
Unwin, M.J., J.T. Hill, and D.H. Lucas. 1997. An accurate and efficient method for reading sequentially coded wire tags aided by a PC-based data capture program. North American Journal of Fisheries Management. 17:446-456.
Urban, R.J. et al. Size of the humpback whale (Megaptera novaeangliae) population in the Mexican Pacific.
Urban, D. 1992. A bottom trawl survey of crab and groundfish in the Kodiak Island, Alaska Peninsula, and Dutch Harbor areas, June through September, 1990. Alaska Department of Fish and Game.
Urquhart, N.S.
Urquhart, S.N. 1998. Monitoring for policy-relevant regional trends over time. Ecol. Appl. 8:246-257.
USACE. 1984. Small scale hydropower for Gustavus, Alaska: letter report. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, Anchorage, AK.
USBCF. 1959. Summary of salmon surveys in Glacier Bay. U.S. Bureau of Commercial Fisheries.
USBCF. 1966. Exploratory shrimp survey in Icy Strait, Glacier Bay and Ernest Sound, M/F John R. Manning cruise report. U.S. Bureau of Commercial Fisheries.
USDOE. 1979. NURE aerial gamma ray and magnetic reconnaissance survey, southeastern area - Alaska: Skagway, Atlin, Mt. Fairweather, Juneau, Taku River, Sitka, Sumdum, Port Alexander, Petersburg, Bradfield Canal, Craig, Ketchikan, Dixon Entrance, and Prince Rupert quadrangles, v.1 - Narrative Report. U.S. Department of Energy.
USDOE. 1981. Hydrogeochemical and stream sediment reconnaissance basic data for Mt. Fairweather quadrangle, Alaska. U.S. Department of Energy.
USDOI. Correspondence/ memoranda: local native history. U.S. Department of the Interior, Government Land Office. Gustavus, AK.
USDOI. Hair seal hunting by indians of Hoonah, Alaska in Glacier Bay National Monument. U.S. Department of the Interior, Government Land Office
Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve. Gustavus, AK.
USDOI. Historic harbor seal subsistence records. U.S. Department of the Interior, Government Land Office
Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve. Gustavus, AK.
USDOI. Historic preservation compliance documentation. U.S. Department of the Interior, Government Land Office
Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve. Gustavus, AK.
USDOI. Historic Sites. U.S. Department of the Interior, Government Land Office
Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve. Gustavus, AK.
USDOI. Natural and social sciences: mammals (hair seals). U.S. Department of the Interior, Government Land Office. Gustavus, AK.
USDOI. Permits, Back Country. U.S. Department of the Interior, Government Land Office
Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve. Gustavus, AK.
USDOI. Press releases. U.S. Department of the Interior, Government Land Office
Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve. Gustavus, AK.
USDOI. Public relations; individuals; nearby communities. U.S. Department of the Interior, Government Land Office
Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve. Gustavus, AK.
USDOI. Subsistence. U.S. Department of the Interior, Government Land Office
Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve. Gustavus, AK.
USDOI. Superintendent's annual reports. U.S. Department of the Interior, Government Land Office
Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve. Gustavus, AK.
USDOI. 1906. Alaska town sites and abandoned military reservations: a selection of records... U.S. Department of the Interior, Government Land Office. Washington, D.C.
USDOI. 1938-1943. Annual school census report. U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Indian Affairs. Anchorage.
USDOI. 1939. Economic Surveys (Juneau) 1938-1941: Economic survey of Hoonah, AK, November 1939. U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Indian Affairs.
USDOI. 1971. Wilderness study (preliminary). U.S. Department of the Interior, Government Land Office
Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve. Gustavus, Ak.
USDOI. 1979. Environmental consequences of mineral extraction Glacier Bay National Monument and Mt. McKinley National Park: discussion of the alternatives for acquisition of mining claims and/or boundary modifications to reduce possible acquisition costs: Glacier Bay National Monument. U.S. Department of the Interior.
USDOI. 1982. Archeological inventory: seven native allotments, Glacier Bay area, Alaska. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve. Gustavus.
USDOI. 1983. Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation Act: P.L. 96-487 and subject index. U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Office of Information Resources Management, Division of Information and Library Services.
USDOI. 1983. Glacier Bay Nationa Park and Preserve, Alaska: draft general management plan, environmental assessment. U.S. Department of the Interior, Government Land Office
Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve. Gustavus, AK.
USDOI. 1984. Proposed rulemaking, in accord with ANILCA. Fed. Reg. 49:13160-13332.
USDOI. 1985. Glacier Bay National Park Land Status Summary, U.S. National Park Service, Pacific Northwest Region. U.S. National Park Service. Seattle.
USDOI. 1991. Public hearing on commercial and subsistence fishing, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve, before administrative judge James Byrnes. U.S. Department of the Interior, Government Land Office
Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve. Gustavus, AK.
USDOI. 1992. Legislation: commercial fishing and subsistence. U.S. Department of the Interior, Government Land Office
Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve. Gustavus, AK.
USDOI. 1997. Comprehensive design plan, environmental assessment (draft). U.S. Department of the Interior, Government Land Office
Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve. Gustavus, AK.
USFS. 1963. Salmon habitat reconnaissance, Yakutat, Chatham Ranger District. U.S. Forest Service.
USFS. 1980. Report to William Gee, forest supervisor from Stanley A. Davis, Chatham area archaeologist. U.S. Forest Service, Department of Agriculture. Sitka.
USFS. 1991. Anadromous fish habitat research, annual report for 1990. U.S. Forest Service, Forestry Sciences Laboratory.
USFS. 1991. Forest insect and disease conditions in Alaska-1991. U.S. Forest Service.
USFS. 1992. Forest insect and disease conditions in Alaska. United States Forest Service, Forest Health Management, State and Private Forestry, Alaska Region.
USFS. 1992. A channel type users guide for the Tongass National Forest. U.S. Forest Service, Alaska Region.
USFS. 1995. Eight fathom timber sale(s). U.S. Forest Service, Tongass National Forest. Sitka, AK.
USFS. 1995. Ecology and conservation of the marbled murrelet. U.S. Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station, Albany, CA. 420 pp.
USFS. 1996. Eight fathom timber sale(s). U.S. Forest Service, Tongass National Forest. Sitka, Alaska.
USFS. 1997. Tongass land management plan revision. U.S. Forest Service.
USFS. Undated. Trumpeter swan surveys, 1981 and 1991-1993.
USFWS. Bird use of the Mendenhall wetlands in Juneau, Alaska. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.
USFWS. 1979. Report on review and evaluation of the National Park Service Fisheries Policies and Practices. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.
USFWS. 1979. Inter and subtidal investigations of Aurora Basin and Auk Nu Cove. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.
USFWS. 1979. Conservation of marine birds of North America - final report. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.
USFWS. 1982. Marine birds and mammal survey of outer coast of southeast Alaska, summer, 1982. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Marine Birds Management Project.
USFWS. 1988. Administration of the Marine Mammal Protection Act of 1972. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.
USFWS. 1988. Alaska maritime national wildlife refuge summary final comprehensive conservation plan, wilderness review and environmental impact statement. USFWS. Anchorage, Alaska.
USFWS. 1989. Administration of the Marine Mammal Protection Act of 1972: January 1, 1988 - December 31, 1988: report of the Department of the Interior. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.
USFWS. 1989. Fishery management plan Kodiak national wildlife refuge public review draft. Kodiak National Wildlife Refuge USFWS. Kodiak.
USFWS. 1990. Fishery management plan Kodiak national wildlife refuge, final plan. Kodiak National Wildlife Refuge USFWS. Kodiak.
USFWS. 1991. Alaska Seabird Management Plan: Region 7. U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service, Anchorage, AK.
USFWS. 1993. Draft management plan for the sea otter in Alaska. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.
USFWS. 1993. Fishery management plan for the Alaska Maritime National Wildlife Refuge 1993-1997. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, 128 pp.
USFWS. 1994. Conservation plan for the sea otter in Alaska. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Marine Mammals Management, Anchorage.
USFWS. 1994. Conservation plan for the Pacific walrus in Alaska. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Anchorage, Alaska.
USFWS. 1995. Endangered, threatened, and candidate species in Alaska. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.
USFWS. 1995. Stock assessment sea otter (Enhydra lutris) Alaska stock. U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service, Marine Mammals Management.
USFWS. 1995. Stock assessment sea otter (Enhydra lutris kenyoni) Washington Stock. U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service.
USGS. Kittlitz's murrelet coordinated observation program. U.S. Geological Survey.
USGS. 1942. Geologic map of Nunatak area, Muir Inlet, Glacier Bay, southeastern Alaska. U.S. Geological Survey.
USGS. 1965. Map showing extent of glaciations in Alaska. Compiled by the Alaska Glacial Map Committee of the U.S. Geological Survey. U.S. Geological Survey.
USGS. 1996. Proceedings of the interagency meeting - Marine reserves: Possible applications for Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve. Juneau, AK.
USMMC. 1980. Humpback whales in Glacier Bay National Monument, Alaska. A report of an interagency review meeting. Oct. 12-13, 1979, Seattle, WA. U.S. Marine Mammal Commission.
USMMC. 1982. Report of a meeting to review on-going and planned research concerning humpback whales in Glacier Bay and surrounding waters in southeast Alaska. Dec. 20-21, 1981. U.S. Marine Mammal Commission.
USNBS. 1995. Current research profile for the Glacier Bay region. U.S. National Biological Service.
USNBS. 1995. Inventory & monitoring program. U.S. National Biological Service. Anchorage, Alaska.
USNMFS. 1975. Lynn Canal environmental assessment. U.S. Department of the Interior, Alaska Power Administration/
U.S. Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service.
USNMFS. 1983. Biological opinion concerning the Endangered Species Act of 1973 and the regulation of vessel traffic and resultant interactions with humpback whales in Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve. U.S. National Marine Fisheries Service.
USNMFS. 1987. Status, biology, and ecology of fur seals. U.S. National Marine Fisheries Service. Cambridge, England. Technical Report NMFS 51.
USNMFS. 1991. Revised proposal to govern interactions between marine mammals and commercial fishing operations. U.S. National Marine Fisheries Service.
USNMFS. 1991. Recovery plan for the humpback whale (Megaptera novaeangliae). U.S. National Marine Fisheries Service, Humpback Whale Recovery Team, Silver Spring, Maryland.
USNMFS. 1992. Approaching marine mammals: proposed rule and request for comments. U.S. National Marine Fisheries Service.
USNMFS. 1992. Proposed regime to govern interactions between marine mammals and commercial fishing operations. U.S. National Marine Fisheries Service.
USNPS. 1956. Superintendent's Annual Research Reports. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
USNPS. 1957. Annual Wildlife Reports. U.S. National Park Service.
USNPS. 1963-65. Inventory of the fishery of the streams and lakes of Glacier Bay National Monument. USNPS. Gustavus, AK.
USNPS. 1965. Inventory of the fishery of the streams and lakes of Glacier Bay National Monument. U.S. National Park Service.
USNPS. 1966. Hair seal hunting by Indians of Hoonah, Alaska, in Glacier Bay National Monument, 1964-1966. U.S. National Park Service.
USNPS. 1970. Compilations of the administrative policies for the National Parks and National Monuments of scientific significance. Natural area category. USGPO. O-399-991:147.
USNPS. 1971. Wilderness hearings, Katmai and Glacier Bay National Monuments, Nov. 20. U.S. National Park Service.
USNPS. 1971. Wilderness study - Glacier Bay National Monument, preliminary. U.S. National Park Service.
USNPS. 1971. Glacier Bay National Monument Master Plan. U.S. National Park Service.
USNPS. 1972. Wilderness recommendation, Glacier Bay National Monument, Alaska. U.S. National Park Service.
USNPS. 1973. Final environmental statement, proposed Glacier Bay wilderness. U.S. National Park Service.
USNPS. 1978. Glacier Bay National Monument Alaska bear management plan. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
USNPS. 1978. A guide to the trees and shrubs of Glacier Bay. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
USNPS. 1979. Environmental consequences of mineral extraction--Glacier Bay National Monument and Mount McKinley National Park: report to the Congress of the United States. U.S. National Park Service, Anchorage, AK.
USNPS. 1980. Rules governing small vessel entries and some commercial fishing activities within Glacier Bay National Monument as well as proposed rules regarding commercial fishing: and xerox of the Federal Register 45(96):32223-32236, May 15, 1980. 45(46):14601-5, Mar. 6, 1980. 45(250)85480-81, Dec. 29, 1980, and 45 (251):85741-44, Dec. 30, 1980. U.S. National Park Service.
USNPS. 1982. Glacier Bay National Park backcountry management plan, draft. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
USNPS. 1983. Statement for management, January 1983. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
USNPS. 1983. Report of a meeting to review research concerning humpback whales in Glacier Bay and nearby waters in southeastern Alaska, May 19-20, 1983, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Western Regional Office, Seattle, WA. U.S. National Park Service, Alaska Regional Office.
USNPS. 1984. Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve, Alaska: protection of humpback whales: proposed rule. U.S. National Park Service.
USNPS. 1984. Proposed rule making, in accordance with ANILCA, providing a relatively comprehensive regulation concerning cabins and other structures on National Park System lands in Alaska. U.S. National Park Service.
USNPS. 1984. Proposed rule: Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve, Alaska: protection of humpback whales. Fed. Reg. 36 CFR Part 13:
USNPS. 1984. Schumacher's proposed Dry Bay fish processing plant environmental assessment, Glacier Bay National Preserve. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
USNPS. 1984. Resource impact evaluation proposed closure regulations for Denali, Glacier Bay, and Katmai National Parks, Alaska. U.S. National Park Service, Alaska Regional Office.
USNPS. 1984. General management plan, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve, Alaska. U.S. National Park Service, Washington, DC.
USNPS. 1984. Proceedings of the 1st Glacier Bay Science Symposium. U.S. National Park Service. Glacier Bay National Park & Preserve, AK. 1983.
USNPS. 1985. Glacier Bay National Park & Preserve land status summary, prepared by the U.S. National Park Service, Pacific Northwest Region, Seattle, WA. U.S. National Park Service.
USNPS. 1986. Environmental assessment for fisheries management - Sequoia & Kings Canyon National Parks. U.S. National Park Service. Three Rivers, CA.
USNPS. 1987. Natural resources management plan - Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks. U. S. National Park Service.
USNPS. 1987. Wildlife managament plan - Sequioa and Kings Canyon National Parks. U.S. National Park Service.
USNPS. 1988. Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve bear management plan. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
USNPS. 1988. Final environmental impact statement, wilderness recommendation, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve. U.S. National Park Service.
USNPS. 1988. Draft wilderness management plan, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve, Gustavus, AK. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
USNPS. 1988. Kelp forest monitoring handbook. Channel Islands national park. Ventura.
USNPS. 1988. Inventory and monitoring of natural resources. Channel islands national park. Ventura.
USNPS. 1989. Wilderness visitor use management plan. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
USNPS. 1989. Alsek River visitor use management plan. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park & Preserve.
USNPS. 1989. Checklist of flora and fauna in collections of National Park units in Alaska. U.S. National Park Service, Alaska Regional Office, Curatorial Service, Division of Cultural Resources.
USNPS. 1989. Case incident report: kittiwake colony "buzzed" by helicopter. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
USNPS. 1989. Bear-human conflict management action plan, Denali National Park and Preserve. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
USNPS. 1990. Humpback whale research and management in Glacier Bay: a ten year persepective. U.S. National Park Service.
USNPS. 1990. Proceedings of the second Glacier Bay science symposium. U.S. National Park Service. Glacier Bay National Park & Preserve. 1988.
USNPS. 1990. Program: Second Glacier Bay science symposium. 1988.
USNPS. 1990. Bear Management Plan, Katmai National Park and Preserve. U.S. National Park Service, Katmai National Park and Preserve.
USNPS. 1992. NPS-75, natural resources inventory and monitoring guideline. U.S. National Park Service, Associate Director, Natural Resources.
USNPS. 1993. Science and the National Parks II - adapting to change. National Park Service. Washington, D.C.
USNPS. 1995. Program: Third Glacier Bay science symposium.
USNPS. 1995. Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve vessel management plan and environmental assessment. U.S. National Park Service, Alaska Regional Office. Anchorage.
USNPS. 1995. Proceedings of the Third Glacier Bay Science Symposium. USNPS. Gustavus, AK.
USNPS. 1995. Natural resource inventory & monitoring in national parks. U.S. Department of the Interior.
USNPS. 1995. Report on effects of aircraft overflights on the National Park system. U.S. National Park Service. Washington, D.C.
USNPS. 1996. Yellowstone National Park annual bear management plan. U.S. National Park Service, Yellowstone National Park.
USNPS. 1997. Natural resource year in review, 1997. National Park Service.
USNPS. 1998. Guide to decision-making in response to bear-human interactions at Glacier Bay National Park, 1998. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier bay National Park and Preserve.
USNPS. 1998. Glacier Bay National Park bear management workshop: results and recommendations. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
USNPS. 1998. Bartlett Cove dock rehabilitation environmental assessment. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
USNPS. 1998. Commercial fishing environmental assessment, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve. U.S. National Park Service, Alaska Regional Office.
USNPS. Undated. Miscellaneous weather, snow, and ice condition observations. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
USNPS. Undated. Wildlife trip reports. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
USNPS. Undated. Glacier Bay National Park stream catalog. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
USNPS. Undated. Annual aquatic resources report. U.S. National Park Service.
USNPS. Undated. Wildlife distributional records. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
USNPS. Undated. Underwater vessel sound measurement for M/V Glacier Bay Express and M/V Executive Explorer. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Uspenski, S.M. 1958. The bird bazaars of Novaya Zemlya. Translations of Russian Game Reports 4 (1958), Canadian Wildlife Service, Queen's Printer, Ottawa, Canada.
Uttley, J., P. Tatner, and P. Monaghan. 1994. Measuring the daily energy expenditure of free-living Arctic terns (Sterna paradisaea). Auk. 111:453-459.
Uzmann, J.R., R.A. Cooper, R.B. Theroux, and R.L. Wigley. 1977. Synoptic comparison of three sampling techniques for estimating abundance and distribution of selected megafauna: submersible vs camera sled vs otter trawl. Mar. Fish. Rev. 39:11-19.
Vadas, R.L., R.W. Elner, and P.E. Garwood. 1986. Experimental evaluation of aggregation behavior in the sea urchin (Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis): a reinterpretation. Mar. Behav. and Physiol. 90:433-448.
Valentin, F. 1877. Glacier Bay. In: Voyages and adventures of La Perouse from the 14th ed. of the F. Valentin abridgement. 1969. Vol. University of Hawaii Press, Honolulu, pp. 26-42.
Valsecchi, E., and W. Amos. 1996. Microsatellite markers for the study of cetacean populations. Mol. Biol. Evol. 5:151-156.
Valsecchi, E. et al. 1997. Microsatellite genetic distances between oceanic populations of the humpback whale (Megaptera novaeangliae). Molecular Biology and Evolution. 14:355-362.
Valsecchi, E., D. Glockner-Ferrari, M. Ferrari, and W. Amos. 1998. Molecular analysis of the efficiency of sloughed skin sampling in whale population genetics. Mol. Biol. Evol. 7:1419-1422.
van Breda, A., and K. Gjerde. 1992. The use of mooring buoys as a management tool. Center for Marine Conservation, Washington, DC. 56 pp.
Van der Meeren, G.I. 1994. Sex- and size-dependent mating tactics in a natural population of shore crabs (Carcinus maenas). J. Amer. Stat. Assoc. 63:307-314.
van der Veer, H.W., L. Pihl, and M.J.N. Bergmann. 1990. Recruitment mechanisms in North Sea plaice (Pleuronectes platessa). Marine Ecol. Prog. Rep. 64:1-12.
Van der Voo, R., M. Jones, C.S. Gromme, G.D. Eberlein, and M. Churkin Jr. 1980. Paleozoic paleomagnetism and northward drift of the Alexander terrane, Southeastern Alaska. Journal of Geophysical Research. 85:5281-5296.
Van Dyk, J. 1990. Long journey of the Pacific salmon. National Geographic. July:3-38.
Van Dyke, J.M. 1991. Protected marine areas and low-lying atolls. Ocean & Shoreline Management. 16:87-160.
Van Horne, B. 1977. Small mammal populations in Glacier Bay, Alaska: summary of the results for summer 1976. Oregon State University.
van Lennep, E.W., and W.L. van Utrecht. 1953. Preliminary report on the study of the mammary glands of whales. Norsk Hvalfangst-Tid. 5:249-258.
Van Montfrans, J., J. Capelli, R.J. Orth, and C.H. Ryer. 1986. Use of microwire tags for tagging juvenile blue crabs (Callinectes sapidus Rathbun). Journal of Crustacean Biology. 6:370-376.
Van Parijs, S.M., P.M. Thompson, D.J. Tollit, and A. Mackay. 1997. Distribution and activity of male harbour seals during the mating season. Animal Behviour. 54:35-43.
Van Pelt, T.V.P., and J. Piatt. 1996. Deposition and persistence of beachcast seabird carcasses. Marine Pollution Bulletin. 30:794-802.
Van Pelt, T., J.F. Piatt, B.K. Lance, and D.D. Roby. 1997. Proximate composition and energy density of some North Pacific forage fishes. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology. 118:1393-1398.
Van Pelt, T.I., J.F. Piatt, and G.B. van Vliet. 1999. Vocalizations of the Kittlitz's murrelet. The Condor. 101:395-398.
van Tamelen, P., G., and M.S. Stekoll. 1995. Recovery mechanisms of the brown alga, Fucus gardneri, following catastrophic disturbance: lessons from the Exxon Valdez oil spill. U.S. National Park Service. Glacier Bay National Park & Preserve, AK. 1993.
Van Vliet, G. 1993. Status concerns for Kittlitz's murrelet. Pacific Seabird Group Bulletin. 20:15-16.
Van Vliet, G. 1993. Status concerns for the "global" population of Kittlitz's murrelet: is the "glacier murrelet" receding? Pacific Seabird Group Bulletin. 20:15-16.
Van Vliet, G., B. Marshall, and C. Soiseth. 1993. Kittlitz's murrelet survey of Glacier Bay July 9-11, 1993. GBNPS. Gustavus, Alaska.
Van Vliet, G. 1994. Kittlitz's murrelet: the species most impacted by direct mortality from the Exxon Valdez oil spill? Pacific Seabird. 21:5-6.
Van Zile, R.D. 1992. Pacific northwest salmon wars. Puget Sound Magazine. Summer/Fall 1992:8-13.
VanBlaircom, G.R., and J.A. Estes (eds). 1988. The community ecology of sea otters. Springer-Verlag, New York.
Vancouver, G. 1789. Glacier Bay. In: A Voyage of discovery to the North Pacific Ocean and around the world. Vol. 3. Robinson and Edwards, London, pp. 405-452.
Vancouver, G. 1984. A voyage of discovery to the North Pacific Ocean and round the world 1791-1795. The Hakluyt Society, London. pp.
Various. 1901. Harriman Alaska Expedition [1899]. Doubleday, Page & Co, New York. pp.
Varley, J.D., and P. Schullery. 1996. Reaching the real public in the public involvement process: practical lessons in ecosystem management. The journal of the George Wright society. 13:68-75.
Varnell, L.M., and K.J. Havens. 1995. A comparison of dimension-adjusted catch data methods for assessment of fish and crab abundance in intertidal salt marshes. Estuaries. 18(2):319-325.
Vastano, A.C., I.L. S., and J.D. Schumacher. 1992. Observation and analysis of fishery processes: larval pollock at Shelikof Strait, Alaska. Fisheries Ocean. 1:20-31.
Vaughan, R.W. 1978. A study of common seals in the Wash. MAMLAN. 8:25-34.
Vauk, G. 1978. Sea birds as indicators of accidental marine pollution in the Helgoland area, German Bight. Veroeff Inst. Meeresforsch Bremerhaven. 17:95-100.
Venables, L.V., and U.M. Venables. 1955. Birds and Mammals of Shetland. Oliver and Boyd, Ltd., Edinburgh. 391 pp.
Venables, U.M., and L.S.V. Venables. 1959. Vernal coition of the seal, Phoca vitulina, in Shetland. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London. 132:665-669.
VenTresca, D.A. et al. 1998. The potential of marine reserves to enhance fisheries. In: O. Magoon, H. Converse, B. Baird and M. Miller-Henson (eds.), California and the world ocean '97. Vol. Asce, Reston, VA (USA), pp. 400-411.
Ventura, C.R.R., A.O.R. Junqueira, and F.C. Fernandes. 1994. The relation between body size and number of prey in starfish (echinodermata: asteroidea). David, B., Et Al. (Ed.). Echinoderms Through Time; Eighth International Echinoderm Conference, Dijon, France, September 6-10, 1993. Xxiii+940p. A. A. Balkema: Rotterdam, Netherlands; Brookfield, Vermont, Usa. 375-380.
Vequist, G., and D. Chase. 1982. Winter eagle counts.
Vequist, G. 1982. A tabulation of bird colonies for Glacier Bay National Park. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Vequist, G.W. 1983. Population changes in mountain goats in Adams Inlet, Glacier Bay, Alaska. In: Renewable resource inventories for monitoring changes and trends. Proceedings of an International Conference. Oregon State University, College of Forestry, Corvallis.
Vequist, G.W. 1986. Colonization of post-glacial plant communities by moose in Adams Inlet, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve. Anchorage, AK.
Vequist, G.W. 1987. Management of beach camping to reduce human/bear conflicts. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Vequist, G.W., and C.S. Baker. 1987. Humpback whales in Glacier Bay, Alaska: a long-term history of habitat use. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Vequist, G.W. 1987. Sea otter re-colonization of ancestral range in Glacier Bay National Park. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park & Preserve.
Vequist, G.W., and C.S. Baker. 1987. Humpback whales in Glacier Bay, Alaska, a long-term history of habitat use. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve. Gustavus, AK.
Vequist, G.M. 1988. Management of beach camping to reduce human-bear conflicts. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Vequist, G. 1988. Moose browse survey: Adams Inlet. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Vequist, G. 1989. Frequency of visible cruise ship stack emissions in Glacier bay. U.S. National Park Service, Alaska Regional Office. Anchorage, AK.
Vequist, G. 1990. Humpback whales of Glacier Bay: an update. Park Science. 10:6.
Vequist, G. Undated. Aerial moose surveys of the East Muir Inlet- Adams Inlet area. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Vequist, G. Undated. Excerpts from Annual Wildlife Reports concerning moose, 1960-1975. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Verbeek, N.A.M. 1982. Egg predation by Northwestern Crows: its association with human and Bald Eagle activity. The Auk. 99:347-352.
Verbeek, N.A.M. 1985. Behavioural interactions between avian predators and their avian prey: play behaviour or mobbing? Zeitschrift für Tierpsychologie. 67:204-214.
Verde, T. Mothers in waiting.
Vermeer, K., I. Szabo, and P. Greisman. 1987. The relationship between plankton-feeding Bonaparte's and Mew gulls and tidal upwelling at Active Pass, British Columbia. Journal of Plankton Research. 9:483-501.
Vermeer, K., D.B. Irons, E. Velarde, and Y. Watanuke. 1990. Status, conservation, and management of nesting Larus gullsin the North Pacific. Canadian Wildlife Service. Royal British Columbia Museum, Victoria, BlC.
Viereck, L.A., C.T. Dyrness, A.R. Batten, and K.J. Wenzlick. 1992. The Alaska vegetation classification. U.S. Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station. Albany, California.
Vilenskaya, N.I., and N.B. Markevich. 1988. On a method of determining fecundity by the weight method, with an example in salmonid fishes. Voprosy Ikhtiologii. 1:159-163.
Villard, M.A., and B.A. Maurer. 1996. Geostatistics as a tool for examining hypothesized declines in migratory songbirds. Ecology (Washington D C). 77:59-68.
Vincent- Lang, D. 1994. Lingcod. In: Wildl. Monogr. Vol. pp. 2.
Vining, I., and L.J. Watson. 1996. Application of kriging trawl survey data to estimnate red king crab abundance in Bristol Bay, Alaska. Alaska Sea Grant College Program. Anchorage, Alaska. 96-02.
Vinnikov, K.Y. et al. 1999. Global warming and northern hemishere sea ice extent. Scientific Reports Whales Research Institute, Tokyo. 286:1934-1937.
Vinuesa, J.H., L.I. Comoglio, and G.A. Lovrich. 1990. Growth of immature southern king crab, Lithodes santolla, in the Beagle Channel. Anchorage, Alaska.
Vinuesa, J.H., L. Guzman, and R. Gonzalez. 1996. Overview of southern king crab and false king crab fisheries in the Magellanic region. Alaska Sea Grant College Program. Anchorage, AK. 96-02.
Vitinsh, M.J. 1989. A method and results of young flounder (Platichthys flesus) and turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) surveys in the eastern Baltic, 1986 and 1987. Fischerei-Fourschung. 27:59-61.
Voegeli, F.A., G.L. Lacroix, and J.M. Anderson. 1998. Development of miniature pingers for tracking Atlantic salmon smolts at sea. Hydrobiologia. 371-372:35-46.
Vogler, A.P., and R. DeSalle. 1994. Diagnosing units of conservation management. Cons. Biology. 8:354-363.
von Neumann, J. 1941. Distribution of the ratio of the mean square successive difference to the variance. The annals of mathematical statistics. 12:367-395.
von Neumann, J., R.H. Kent, H.R. Bellinson, and B.I. Hart. 1941. The mean square successive difference. The Annals of Mathematical Statistics. 12:153-162.
Von Ziegesar, O., E. Miller, and M.E. Dahlheim. 1994. Impacts on humpback whales in Prince William Sound. In: T.R. Loughlin (ed.), Marine Mammals and the Exxon Valdez. Vol. 10. Academic Press, pp. 173-191.
Voous, K.H. 1961. Records of Peregrine Falcons on the Atlantic Ocean. Ardea. 49:176-177.
Wada, S. 1980. Japanese whaling and whale sighting in the north pacific 1978 season. Report of the Institute of Freshwater Research Drottingham. 30:415-424.
Waddy, S.L., and D.E. Aiken. 1990. Intersmolt insemination, an alternative mating strategy for the American lobster (Homarus americanus). Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 47:2402-2406.
Wade, P.R. 1994. Estimates of population parameters for the eastern Pacific gray whale, Eschrictius robustus, using a Bayesian method. U.S. National Marine Fisheries Service, Southwest Fisheries Science Center.
Wade, P.R., and R.P. Angliss. 1996. Guidelines for assessing Marine Mammal stocks: Report of the GAMMS Workshop. NOAA. Seattle, WA.
Wade, E., M. LeBlanc, and M. Moriyasu. 1997. Geostatistical analysis of sediment distribution in the southern Gulf of St. Lawrence snow crab fisheries. Department of fisheries and oceans.
Wainwright, T.C., D.A. Armstrong, P.A. Dinnel, J.M. Orensanz, and K.A. McGraw. 1992. Predicting effects of dredging on a crab population: an equivalent adult loss approach. Fish. Bull. 90:171-182.
Wainwright, T.C. et al. 1992. Coastal fisheries oceanography of the southern Bering Sea and north Aleutian Basin: Port Moller king crab studies.
Wainwright, T.C., and D.A. Armstrong. 1993. Growth patterns in the dungeness crab (Cancer magister Dana): Synthesis of data and comparison of models. J Crustacean Biol. 13:36-50.
Waite, J.M., and R.C. Hobbs. 1998. Small cetacean aerial and vessel survey in Southeast Alaska and the Eastern Gulf of Alaska, 1997. In: S.P. Hill, B. Jones and D.P. DeMaster (eds.), Marine Mammal Protection Act and Edangered Species Act Implementation Program 1997. Vol. National Marine Fisheries Service Alaska Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Mammal Laboratory, Seattle, WA, pp. 23-35.
Waite, J.M. et al. 1999. Evidence of a feeding aggregation of humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) around Kodiak Island, Alaska. Marine Mammal Science. 15:210-220.
Waite, J.M., and R.C. Hobbs. 1999. Small cetacean aerial survey of Prince William Sound and the Western Gulf of Alaska in 1998 and abundance estimates for the Southeast Alaska and the Gulf of Alaska harbor porpoise stocks. In: A.L. Lopez and D.P. DeMaster (eds.), Marine Mammal Protection Act and Endangered Species Act Implementation Program 1998. Vol. National Marine Fisheries Service Alaska Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Mammal Laboratory, Seattle, WA, pp. 39-54.
Waldman, J.R., D.J. Dunning, and M.T. Mattson. 1990. A morphological explanation for size-dependent anchor tag loss from striped bass. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society. 119:920-923.
Waldron, K.D. 1958. The fishery and biology of the dungeness crab (cancer magister Dana) in Oregon waters. Fish commission of Oregon. Portland, OR.
Walker, E.P. 1922. The kittlitz murrelet in southeastern Alaska. Murrelet. 3:9-10.
Walker, L.R., J.C. Zasada, and F.S. Chapin. 1986. The role of life history processes in primary succession on an Alaskan floodplain. Ecology. 67:1243-1253.
Walker, D. 1988. Peregrine taking Leach's Petrels. British Birds. 81:395.
Walker, W.A., and L.L. Jones. 1991. Food habits of northern right whale dolphin, Pacific white-sided dolphin, and northern fur seal caught in the high seas drift-net fisheries of the North Pacific Ocean, 1990. International North Pacific Fisheries Commission. Tokyo, Japan. 53.
Walker, L.R., F.S.I. Chapin, C.L. Fastie, and L. Sharman. 1993. Mechanisms of primary succession at Glacier Bay Alaska. 1993 Annual Meeting Of The Ecological Society Of America: Ecology And Global Sustainability, Madison, Wisconsin, Usa, July 31-August 4, 1993. Bull Ecol Soc Am. 74:475.
Walker, L.R. 1995. How unique is primary plant succesion at Glacier Bay? U.S. National Park Service. Glacier Bay National Park & Preserve, AK. 1993.
Walker, W.A. 1996. Summer feeding habits of Dall's porpoise, Phocoenoides dalli, in the southern Sea of Okhotsk. Mar. Mamm. Sci. 12:167-181.
Walker, R.T., and W.D. Solecki. 1999. Managing land use and land-cover change: the New Jersey pinelands biosphere reserve. Annals of the Association of American Geographers. 89:220-237.
Wallace, R.K. 1981. An assessment of diet overlap indexes. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society.
Wallis, O.L. 1960. Opportunities for ichthyological research in national parks. Chicago.
Wallmo, O.C., and J. Schoen. 1980. Response of deer to secondary forest succession in southeast Alaska. Forest Science. 26:448-462.
Walraven, M.E. 1978. A simulation model for management of black bear problems in Sequoia National Park. Unknown. 52-64.
Walsh, G. 1969. Immature black-legged kittiwake on Seneca Lake at Geneva, New York, USA. Kingbird. 19:95-96.
Walsh, P.D. 1995. PVA in theory and practice. Cons. Biology. 9:704-705.
Walters, C.J., and J.S. Collie. 1988. Is research on environmental factors useful to fisheries management? Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 45:1848-1854.
Walters, R.A., E.G. Josberger, and C.L. Driedger. 1988. Columbia Bay, Alaska [USA]: An "upside down" estuary. Estuarine Coastal Shelf Sci. 26:607-618.
Walters, E.L., R.W. Baird, and T.J. Guenther. 1992. New killer whale "pod" discovered near Victoria. The Victoria Naturalist. 49:7-8.
Walters, C.J., C.G. Hannah, and K. Thomson. 1992. A microcomputer program for simulating effects of physical transport processes on fish larvae. Fisheries Ocean. 1:11-19.
Walters, C. 1997. Challenges in adaptive management of riparian and coastal ecosystems. Conservation ecology (online). 1(2):1.
Walters, C., V. Christensen, and D. Pauly. 1997. Structuring dynamic models of exploited ecosystems from trophic mass-balance assessments. Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries. 7:139-172.
Walters, C., J.H. Prescott, R. McGarvey, and J. Prince. 1998. Management options for the South Australian rock lobster (Jasus edwardsii) fishery: A case study of co-operative assessment and policy design by fishers and biologists. In: G. Jamieson and A. Campbell (eds.), Proceedings of the North Pacific symposium on invertebrate stock assessment and management. Vol. 125. Canadian Special Publication of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, pp. 377-383.
Walters, C.J., and R. Bonfil. 1999. Multispecies spatial assessment models for the British Columbia groundfish trawl fishery. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 56:601-628.
Walters, C., and J. Korman. 1999. Linking recruitment to trophic factors: revisiting the Beverton-Holt recruitment model from a life history and multispecies perspective. Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries. 9:187-202.
Walters, C., D. Pauly, and V. Christensen. 1999. Ecospace: prediction of mesoscale spatial patterns in trophic relationships of exploited ecosystems, with emphasis on the impacts of marine protected areas. Ecosystems. 2:539-554.
Walters, C. 2000. Impacts of dispersal, ecological interactions, and fishing effort dynamics on efficacy of marine protected areas: how large should protected areas be? Bull. Mar. Sci. 66:745-757.
Wang, Y., and N. Loneragan. 1996. An extravariation model for improving confidence intervals of population size estimates from removal data. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and aqutic Sciences. 53:2533-2539.
Wanless, S., D.D. French, M.P. Harris, and D.R. Langslow. 1982. Detection of annual changes in the numbers of cliff-nesting seabirds in Orkney 1976-80. J. Amer. Stat. Assoc. 51:785-795.
Wanless, S., M.P. Harris, and J.A. Morris. 1985. Radio-monitoring as a method for estimating time budgets of guillemots (Uria aalge). Bird Study. 32:170-175.
Wanless, S. 1992. Effects of tail-mounted devices on the attendance behavior of Kittiwakes during chick rearing. Journal of Field Ornithology. 63:169-176.
Wanless, S., P. Monaghan, J.D. Uttley, P. Walton, and J.A. Morris. 1992. A radio-tracking study of kittwakes (Rissa tridactyla) foraging under suboptimal conditions. In: E.H. Limitied (ed.), Wildl. Soc. Bull. Vol. Redwood Press, Melksham, pp. 581-590.
Waples, R.S., and D.J. Teel. 1990. Conservation genetics of Pacific salmon I temporal changes in allele frequency. Cons. Biology. 4:144-156.
Warburton, J. 1988. A background survey of the distribution, movements, and habitats of the brown bear in the west arm of Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Ward, D. 1993. African black oystercatchers (Haematopus moquini) feeding on wedge clams (Donax serra): the effects of non-random prey availability in the intertidal on the predictions of an optimal diet model. Ethology Ecology & Evolution. 5:457-466.
Ward, T.J., M.A. Vanderklift, A.O. Nicholls, and R.A. Kenchington. 1999. Selecting marine reserves using habitats and species assemblages as surrogates for biological diversity. Ecol. Appl. 9:691-698.
Ware, D.M., and R.E. Thomson. 1991. Link between long-term variability in upwelling and fish production in the Northeast Pacific Ocean. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 48:2296-2306.
Warheit, K.I. 1988. Interactions between seabirds and marine mammals throughtime: interference competition at breeding sites. In: J. Burger (ed.), Seabirds and other marine vertebrates: competition, predation and other interactions. Vol. Columbia university press, New York, pp. 292-328.
Warner, R.W. 1985. Overview of the California Dungeness crab, (Cancer magister), fisheries. In: B.R. Melteff (ed.), Proceedings of the symposium on Dungeness crab biology and management. Vol. Alaska Sea Grant College Program, Fairbanks, Alaska, pp. 11-26.
Warner, S.H. 1987. Human impacts on brown bears at Pack Creek, Admiralty Island, Alaska. M.S. Thesis, University of Alaska Fairbanks, pp.
Warner, R.W. 1987. Age and growth of male Dungeness crabs, Cancer magister, in northern California. California Fish and Game. 73:4-20.
Warner, R.R., S.E. Swearer, and J.E. Caselle. 2000. Larval accumulation and retention: implications for the design of marine reserves and essential fish habitat. Bull. Mar. Sci. 66:821-830.
Warren, C.D. 1988. Salmon carcass decomposition and its effect on stream productivity. M.S. Thesis, Humboldt State, pp.
Warren, W.G. 1998. Spatial analysis for marine populations: Factors to be considered. In: G. Jamieson and A. Campbell (eds.), Proceedings of the North Pacific symposium on invertebrate stock assessment and management. Vol. 125. Canadian Special Publication of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, pp. 21-28.
Wartenberg, D., S. Ferson, and F.J. Rohlf. 1987. Putting things in order: a critique of detrended correspondance analysis. Am. Nat. 129:434-448.
Wartzok, D., W. Watkins, B. Wursig, R. Maiefski, K. Fristrup, and B. Kelly. 1990. Radio tracking studies of the behavior and movements of bowhead whales in the Beaufort Sea, Fall 1988-1989. Anchorage, AK.
Warwick, R.M. 1997. The ecology of soft-bottom habitats: matching spatial patterns with dynamic processes. Journal of experimental marine biology and ecology. 216:ix.
Waser, N.M., M.V. Price, and R.K. Grosberg. 1992. The professional biologist: writing an effective manuscript review. BioScience. 42:621-???
Washburn, B. 1935. Conquest of Mount Crillon. National Geographic. 67:361.
Washburn, B. 1936. The Harvard-Dartmouth Alaska Expedition, 1933-1934. Geographic Journal. 87:364.
Washburn, B., and R.P. Goldthwait. 1937. Movement of South Crillon Glacier at Crillon Lake. Geological Society of America Bulletin. 48:1653-1663.
Washburn, B. 1941. The ascent of Mount Bertha. AMAJ. 4:149-156.
Washburn, B. 1976. Ascents of Mt. Crillon in the 1930's. Transcripts of tapes recorded with Bruce Paige and Stacy Studebaker on Aug. 29, 1976. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Washburn, B. 1981. Mount Fairweather - the first ten ascents. AMAJ. 29-35.
Watanuki, Y. 1986. Moonlight avoidance behavior in Leach's Storm-Petrels as a defense against Slaty-backed Gulls. Auk. 103:14-22.
Waterman, T.T. 1922. Tlingit geographical place names for extreme Southeast Alaska [with historical and other notes].
Watkins, W.A. 1967. Air-borne sounds of the humpback whale, Megaptera novaeangliae. Journal of Mammology. 48:573-578.
Watkins, W.A., and W.E. Schevill. 1979. Aerial observation of feeding behavior in four baleen whales: Eubalena glacialis, Balaenoptera borealis, Megaptera novaeangliae, and Balaenoptera physalus. J. Mamm. 60:155-163.
Watkins, W.A., K.E. Moore, D. Wartzok, and J.H. Johnson. 1981. Radio tracking of finback (Balaenoptera physalus) and humpback (Megaptera novaengliae) whales in Prince William Sound, Alaska. Deep Sea Res. 28A:577-588.
Watkins, W.A., and C.A. Goebel. 1983. Sonar observations explain behaviors noted during boat maneuvers for radio tagging of humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) in Glacier Bay area. Cetology. 48:1-8.
Watkins, W.A., and C.A. Goebel. 1984. Sonar observations explain behaviors noted during boat maneuvers for radio tagging of humpback whales (Megaptere novaeangliae) in the Glacier Bay area. Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution. Woods Hole.
Watson, J. 1970. Tag recaptures and movements of adult male snow crabs, chionoecetes opilio (O. Fabricius), in the Gaspe region of the Gulf of St. Lawrence. Fisheries research board of Canada.
Watson, J. 1970. Maturity, mating, and egg laying in the spider crab, chionoecetes opilio. Journal fisheries research board of Canada. 27:1607-1616.
Watson, J. 1972. Mating behavior in the Spider Crab, chionoecetes opilio. Journal fisheries research board of Canada. 29:447446-449.
Watson, P.S. 1978. Seabirds at commercial trawlers in the west Irish Sea. Ibis. 120:107-108.
Watson, P.S. 1981. Seabird observations from trawlers in the Irish Sea. British Birds. 74:82-90.
Watson, L.J., D. Pengilly, W.E. Donaldson, and D. Schmidt. 1991. A pilot mark-recapture study using external tags and implantable passive integrated transponder (PIT) tags on red king crab in Bristol Bay, Alaska. Ak. Dept. Fish Game, Div. Comm. Fish. Manage. Dev., Reg. Info. Rpt. 4K91-21, Kodiak:-.
Watson, A.E., and R. Cronn. 1994. How previous experience relates to visitors' perception of wilderness conditions. Backcountry Recreation Management. 31:43-46.
Watson, L.J., and D. Pengilly. 1994. Effects of release method on recovery rates of tagged red king crabs Paralithodes camtschaticus in the 1993 Bristol Bay commercial fishery. Ak. Dept. Fish Game, Div. Comm. Fish. Manage. Dev., Reg. Info. Rpt. 4K94-40, Kodiak:-.
Watson, R., J. Alder, and C. Walters. 2000. A dynamic mass-balance model for marine protected areas. Fish and fisheries. 1:94-98.
Watt, J., B. Krausse, and T.M. Tinker. 1995. Bald eagles kleptoparasitizing sea otters at Amchitka Island, Alaska. The Condor. 97:588-590.
Wattel, J. 1978. Patterns of distribution of North Atlantic seabirds. Ibis. 120:
Watts, P., and D.E. Gaskin. 1985. Habitat index analysis of the harbor porpoise (Phocoena phocoena) in the southern coastal Bay of Fundy, Canada. J. Mamm. 66:733-744.
Watts, P., and D.E. Gaskin. 1989. A comparison of age determination techniques for the harbour porpoise (Phocoena phocoena L.). Can. J. Zool. 67:1832-1836.
Watts, B.D. 1990. Cover use and predator-related mortality in Song and Savannah Sparrows. Auk. 107:775-778.
Watts, P. 1992. Thermal constraints on hauling out by harbour seals (Phoca vitulina). Can. J. Zool. 70:553-560.
Watts, P. 1996 (in press). The diel hauling cycle of harbour seals in an open marine environment: correlates and constraints. J. Zool. (London).
Wauer, R.H. 1980. The role of the national park service natural resources manager. University of Washington. Washington D.C.
Wauer, R.H. 1995. Can science really function in the National Parks? USNPS. Gustavus, Alaska.
Wear, B. 1991. Judge may alter subsistence rule. Anchorage, AK.
Weathers, W.W., and e. al. 1990. Breeding energetics & thermal ecology of the acorn woodpecker in central coastal California. The Condor. 92:341-359.
Webb III, T. 1992. Global changes during the last 3 million years: climatic controls and biotic responses. Annu. Rev. Ecol. Syst. 23:141-173.
Weber, D.D., and T. Miyahara. 1962. Growth of the adult male king crab Paralithodes camtschatica (Tilesius). Fisheries Bulletin. 62:53-75.
Weber, D.D. 1965. Growth of the immature king crab (Paralithodes camtschatica) (Tilesius). North Pacific Commission. 21:21-47.
Weber, P. 1995. Protecting oceanic fisheries and jobs. In: L. Brown (ed.), State of the world. Vol. W.W. Norton & Company, New York, pp. 21-37.
Webster, J.R., and e. al. 1983. Stability of stream ecosystems. In: J.R. Barnes and G.W. Marshall (eds.), Stream Ecology. Vol. Plenum Press, New York, pp. 355-358.
Weigle, B.L., and K.D. Haddad. Applications of the Florida Department of Natural Resources marine resources geographic information system to manatee biology and management. Florida Mar. Res. Publ. 49:23-27.
Weiland, K., and G.F. Woods. 1991. Annual summary of Yakutat finfish and shelllfish operations, 1991. Alaska Department of Fish and Game, Division of Commercial Fisheries, Juneau.
Weiland, K., and G.F. Woods. 1993. Annual summary of Yakutat finfish and shellfish operations, 1993. Alaska Department of Fish and Game, Division of Commercial Fisheries, Juneau.
Weimerskirch, H., R.P. Wilson, C. Guinet, and M. Koudil. 1995. Use of seabirds to monitor sea-surface temperatures and to validate satellite remote-sensing measurements in the Southern Ocean. Marine Ecol. Prog. Rep. 126:299-303.
Weinrich, M.T. 1981. Feeding ecology of humpback whales in Massachusets Bay. Cornell University, Ithaca, New York.
Weinrich, M.T. 1982. Mandibular kinesis in the humpback whale (Megaptera novaeangliae). Cornell University, Ithaca, New York.
Weinrich, M.T., and A.E. Kuhlberg. 1991. Short-term association patterns of humpback whale (Megaptera novaeangliae) groups on their feeding grounds in the southern Gulf of Maine. Can. J. Zool. 69:3005-3011.
Weinrich, M.T. 1991. Stable social associations among humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) in the southern Gulf of Maine. Can. J. Zool. 69:3012-3019.
Weinrich, M.T., M.R. Schilling, and C.R. Belt. 1992. Evidence for acquisition of a novel feeding behavior: lobtail feeding in humpback whales, Megaptera novaeangliae. Anim. Behav. 44:1059-1072.
Weinrich, M., M. Martin, R. Griffiths, J. Bove, and M. Schilling. 1997. A shift in distribution of humpback whales, Megaptera novaeangliae,in response to prey in the southern Gulf of Maine. Fish. Bull. 95:826-836.
Weinrich, M.T., J. Bove, and N. Miller. 19xx. Return and survival of humpback whale (Megaptera novaeangliae) calves born to a single female in three consectuve years. Marine Mammal Science. 9:325-328.
Weisbrod, A.R. 1978. Lituya Bay mining impact: avifaunal survey. U.S. National Park Service, Pacific Northwest Regional Office, Seattle, WA.
Weisbrod, A.R. 1980. Birds. In: Streveler, G.P., I.A. Worley, and B.F. Molina. (eds.) Lituya Bay Environmental Survey. v.1. U.S. National Park Service.
Weishampel, J.F., and H.H. Sugart. 1994. Spatial dynamics of primary forest succession along the Glacier Bay chronosequence. Bulletin Of The Ecological Society Of America. 75:244.
Weishampel, J.F., and H.H. Shugart. 1995. Calibration of a forest gap model for Glacier Bay: exploring multiple successional pathways. U.S. National Park Service. Glacier Bay National Park & Preserve, AK. 1993.
Weissburg, M.J. Zimmer-Faust, R.K. Life and death in moving fluids: hydrodynamic effects on chemosensory-mediated predation. Ecological Society of America Bulletin. 74:1428-1443.
Welch, P.S. 1917. Alaskan glacier worms (Oliogochaeta). McGill University.
Welch, R. 1962. The upper Muir Inlet area, Glacier Bay National Monument: glacial history and ecological observations by members of the Institute of Polar Studies. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Welch, R.A. 1964. Form and origin of landforms produced during the wastage of Casement Glacier, Alaska. M.S. Thesis, University of Oklahoma, Graduate College, Norman, pp.
Welch, R.A. 1965. Ecological observations in the Muir Inlet area, Glacier Bay National Monument, Alaska. Ohio State University, Institute of Polar Studies. Columbus.
Welch, D.W., and D.J. Noakes. 1990. Cyclic dominance and optimal escapement of Adams River sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka). Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 47:838-849.
Welch, D.W. 1995. First record of offshore spawning for the black rockfish, Sebastes melanops. Can. Field-Nat. 109:477-479.
Wendler, G., and N.A. Streten. 1969. A short term heat balance study on a coast range glacier, Juneau Icefield, Alaska. Pure and Applied Geophysics. 77:68-77.
Wenner, E.L., G.F. Ulrich, and J.B. Wise. 1987. Exploration for golden crab, Geryon fenneri, in the South Atlantic Bight: Distribution, population structure, and gear assessment. Fish. Bull. 85:547-560.
Wenner, E.L., and C.A. Barans. 1990. In situ estimates of density of golden crab, (Chaceon fenneri), from habitats on the continental slope,southeaster U.S. Bull. Mar. Sci. 46:723-734.
Wentworth, C.K., and L.L. Ray. 1936. Studies of certain Alaska glaciers in 1931. Geological Society of America Bulletin. 47:879-933.
Wenz, G.M. 1962. Acoustic ambient noise in the ocean: Spectra and sources. The Journal of the acoustical society of america. 34:1936-1956.
Werner, E.E., and D.J. Hall. 1974. Optimal foraging and size selection of prey by bluegill sunfish (Lepomis macrochirus). Ecology. 55:1042-1052.
Werner, E.E. 1980. Niche theory in fisheries ecology. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society. 109:257-260.
Werner, E.E., J.F. Gilliam, D.J. Hall, and G.G. Mittelbach. 1983. An experimental test on the effects of predation risk on habitat use in fish. Ecology. 64:1540-1548.
Werner, H.W. 1987. Market survey for backpacking food-storage cannisters. U.S. National Park Service, Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks.
Wertheimer, A.C. 1984. Maturation success of pink salmon (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha) and coho salmon (O. kisutch) held under three salinity regimes. Aquaculture. 43:195-212.
Wertheimer, A. 1988. Hooking mortality of chinook salmon released by commercial trollers. North American Journal of Fisheries Management. 8:346-355.
Weslawski, J.M., M. Ryg, T.G. Smith, and N.A. Oritsland. 1994. Diet of ringed seal (Phoca hispida) in a fjord of West Svalbard. Arctic. 47:109-114.
West, E.W. 1991. An annotated list of vertebrate species of ecological concern in Alaska. Nature Conservency.
Western, D. 1991. Biology and conservation: making the relevant connection. Cons. Biology. 5:431-433.
Western, D. 1993. Defining ecotourism. In: K. Lindberg and D.E. Hawkins (eds.), Ecotourism: a guide for planners and managers. Vol. The Ecotourism Society, North Benington, Vermont, pp. 7-11.
Westlake, R.L., G. O'Corry-Crowe, B. Taylor, and A. Dizon. 1996. Progress in the genetic definition of Alaskan harbor seal populations using mtDNA techniques: first year report. National Marine Fisheries Service. La Jolla, CA.
Westlake, R.L., W.L. Perryman, and K.A. Ono. 1997. Comparison of vertical aerial photographic and ground censuses of Steller sea lions at Ano Nuevo Island, July 1990-1993. Marine Mammal Science. 13:207-218.
Westlake, R.L., and G. O'Corry-Crowe. 1997. Genetic investigation of alaskan harbor seal stock structure using mtDNA. Alaska Department of Fish and Game, Division of Wildlife Conservation. Anchorage, AK.
Wetterer, J.K. 1989. Mechanisms of prey choice by planktivorous fish: perceptual constraints and rules of thumb. Animal Behavior. 37:955-967.
Wheeler, W.E. 1991. Suture and glue attachment of radio transmitters on ducks. Journal of Field Ornithology. 62:271-278.
White, W.C. 1929. Letter to Dr. W.S. Cooper concerning sand dunes in the Gustavus, Alaska area. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
White, M.W., and R.B. Weeden. 1966. Hunting method of Gyrfalcons and the behavior of their prey (Ptarmigan). The Condor. 68:517-519.
White, G.C. 1983. Numerical estimation of survival rates from band-recovery and biotelemetry data. Journal of Wildlife Management. 47:719-728.
White, G.C. 1985. Analysis of biotelemetry data: results of a workshop. United States Fish and Wildlife Service. Anchorage, Alaska.
White, A.T. 1986. Phillipine marine pilot site: benefits and management conflicts. Environ. Conserv. 13:395+.
White, G.C., and R.A. Garrott. 1990. Analysis of wildlife radio-tracking data. Academic Press, San Diego. 383 pp.
Whitehead, H., and M.J. Moore. 1982. Distribution and movements of West Indian humpback whales in winter. Can. J. Zool. 60:2203-2211.
Whitehead, H. 1983. Structure and stability of humpbck whale groups off Newfoundland. Can. J. Zool. 64:1391-1397.
Whitehead, H., and J.E. Carscadden. 1985. Predicting inshore whale abundance - whales and capelin off the Newfoundland coast. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 42:976-981.
Whitehead, H., and C. Glass. 1985. The significance of the Southeast Shoal of the Grand Bank to humpback whales and other cetacean species. Can. J. Zool. 63:2617-2625.
Whitehead, H., and C. Glass. 1985. Orcas (Killer Whales) attack humpback whales. Journal of Mammology. 66:183-185.
Whitehead, H. 1987. Updated status of the humpback whale (Megaptera novaeangliae) in Canada. The Canadian Field-Naturalist. 101:284-294.
Whitehead, H., S. Waters, and T. Lyrholm. 1991. Social organization of female sperm whales and their offspring: constant companions and casual acquaintances. Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. 29:385-389.
Whitehead, H., and B. Kahn. 1992. Temporal and geographic variation in the social structure of female sperm whales. Can. J. Zool. 70:2145-2149.
Whitehead, H. 1995. Investigating structure and temporal scale in social organizations using identified individuals. Behav. Ecol. 6:199-208.
Whitehead, H. 1997. Analysing animal social structure. Animal Behaviour. 53:1053-1067.
Whitehead, H., and S. Dufault. 1999. Techniques for analyzing vertebrate social structure using identified individuals: review and recommendations. Advances in the study of behavior. 28:33-74.
Whitfield, D.W.A., J.M. Gerrard, W.J. Maher, and D.W. Davis. 1974. A population study of Saskatchewan and Manitoba bald eagles. In: Population status of raptors. Vol. pp. 109-119.
Whitney, D. 1990. Federal agency plans to put sea lion on 'threatened' list. Anchorage Daily News.
Whittaker, R.H., S.A. Levin, and R.B. Root. 1973. Niche, habitat and ecotope. Am. Nat. 107:321-338.
Whittier, J., and H.M. Thomas. 1998. Biodiesel fuels for marine applications. In: O. Magoon, H. Converse, B. Baird and M. Miller-Henson (eds.), California and the world ocean '97. Vol. Asce, Reston, VA (USA), pp. 165-174.
Whittow, G.C., and H. Rahn. 1984. Seabird energetics. Plenum Press, New York. 328 pp.
Whittow, J.B. 1990. Cause and effect. Nature. 343:522.
Whitworth, D.L., S.K. Nelson, S.H. Newman, G.B. Van Vliet, and W.P. Smith. 2000. Foraging distances of radio-marked marbled murrelets from inland areas in southeast Alaska. The Condor. 102:452-456.
Wickham, D.E., R. Shleser, and A. Schuur. 1976. Observations on the inshore population of dungeness crab in Bodega Bay. California Fish and Game. 62:89-92.
Wickham, D.J. 1988. The dungeness crab and the alaska red king crab. Chandler, W. J. (Ed.). Audubon Wildlife Report, 1988/1989. Xviii+817p. Academic Press, Inc.: San Diego, California, Usa; London, England, Uk. Illus. Maps. 701-713.
Wickham, D.E., and A. Kuris. 1990. Brood mortality estimation and role of symbionts in egg mortality of the Tanner crab Chionoecetes bairdi in Alaskan waters. Anchorage, Alaska.
Wieczorek, S.K., and R.G. Hooper. 1995. Relationship between diet and food availability in the snow crab Chionoecetes opilio (O. Fabricius) in Bonne Bay, Newfoundland. Journal Of Crustacean Biology. 15:236-247.
Wieland, R. 1992. Why people catch too many fish: a discussion of fishing and economic incentives. Center for Marine Conservation, 56 pp.
Wiens, J.A., and J.M. Scott. 1975. Model estimation of energy flow in Oregon coastal seabird populations. The Condor. 77:439-452.
Wiens, J.A., R.G. Ford, and D. Heinemann. 1985. Simulation modeling of marine bird population energetics, food consumption, and sensitivity to perturbation. U.S. Department of Commerce, NOAA. Anchorage, Alaska.
Wiens, J.A., and K.R. Parker. 1995. Analyzing the effects of accidental environmental impacts: approaches and assumptions. Ecol. Appl. 5:1069-1083.
Wiens&Parker. 1995. AnalyzingTheEffectsOfAccidentalEnvironmentalImpacts. Ecol. Appl. 4:
Wiersma, Y. 1996. Corridors in a regional conservation plan: a commentary on the use of corridors using the greater Georgian Bay ecosystem as a model. The journal of the George Wright society. 13:51-62.
Wigley, T.M.L., and S.C.B. Raper. 1990. Natural variability of the climate system and detection of the greenhouse effect. Nature. 344:324-326.
Wigutoff, N.B. 1953. Alaska's shrimp industry. U.S. department of the Interior, fish and wildlife service.
Wik, D.O. 1967. Birds of Glacier Bay National Monument. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Wik, D., D. Cornelius, A. Haecker, and D. Payne. 1969. Seasonals' natural history notes, 1969. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Wik, D. 1969-1971. Natural history log: birds. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park And Preserve.
Wik, D. 1970. Natural history log. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Wik, D.O. 1971. Man-made disturbances in Glacier Bay and their regeneration, photographic report 1970 and 1971. U.S. National Park Service.
Wik, D.O. 1980. The Pleistocene revisited at Muir Inlet. Pacific Northwest. 14:17-21.
Wike, J.A. 1951. The effect of the maritime fur trade on Northwest Coast Indian Society. Columbia University. New York.
Wild, P.W. 1983. Comparisons of ovary development in Dungeness crabs, Cancer magister, in central and northern California. In: P.W. Wild and R.N. Tasto (eds.), Life history, environment, and mariculture studies of the Dungeness crab, (Cancer magister), with emphasis on the central California fishery resource. Vol. 172. California Department of Fish and Game, pp. 189-196.
Wild, P.W. 1983. The influence of seawater temperature on spawning egg development, and hatching success of the Dungeness crab, Cancer magister. In: P.W. Wild and R.N. Tasto (eds.), Life history, environment, and mariculture studies of the Dungeness crab, (Cancer magister), with emphasis on the central California fishery resource. Vol. 172. California Department of Fish and Game, pp. 197-214.
Wild, P.W., P.M.W. Law, and D.R. McLain. 1983. Variations in ocean climate and the Dungeness crab fishery in California. In: P.W. Wild and R.N. Tasto (eds.), Life history, environment, and mariculture studies of the Dungeness crab, (Cancer magister), with emphasis on the central California fishery resource. Vol. 172. California Department of Fish and Game, pp. 175-188.
Wild, P.W., and R.N. Tasto (eds). 1983. Life history, environment, and mariculture studies of the Dungeness crab, (Cancer magister), with emphasis on the central California fishery resource. California Department of Fish and Game,
Wild, P.W. 1983. Dungeness crab environment project studies: objectives and approach. In: P.W. Wild and R.N. Tasto (eds.), Life history, environment, and mariculture studies of the Dungeness crab, (Cancer magister), with emphasis on the central California fishery resource. Vol. 172. California Department of Fish and Game, pp. 171-174.
Wiley, D.N., R.A. Asmutis, T.D. Pitchford, and D.P. Gannon. 1995. Stranding and mortality of humback whales, Megaptera novaeangliae, in the mid-Atlantic and southeast united states, 1985-1992. Fish. Bull. 93:196-205.
Wiley Jr., J.P. 1993. When we check the health of a patient called Earth, its vital signs show unexpected progress toward recovery. Smithsonian. Sept. 1993:20-25.
Wilke, F., and K.W. Kenyon. 1952. Notes on the food of fur seal, sea-lion, and harbor porpoise. J. Wildl. Manage. 16:396-397.
Wilke, F. 1957. Food of sea otters and harbor seals at Amchitka Island. 21:241-242.
Wilkinson, G.S., and G.M. English-Loeb. 1982. Predation and coloniality in Cliff Swallows (Petrochelidon pyrrhonota). Auk. 99:459-467.
Wilkinson, I.S., and M.N. Bester. 1988. Is onshore human activity a factor in the decline of the southern elephant seal? S. Afr. T. Nav. Antarkt. 18(1):14-17.
Wilkinson, A. 1991. The riverkeeper. Alfred A. Knopf, New York. 191 pp.
Williams, G.H. 1892. Notes on some eruptive rocks from Alaska. National Geographic. 4:63-74.
Williams, J.P. 1938. Lituya-- the bewitcher.
Williams, J.P. 1952. Alaskan Adventure. The Telegraph Press, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania. pp.
Williams, J.A. 1956. Johnny Boy and White groups. Territory of Alaska. Department of Mines.
Williams, D.D., and H.B. Hynes. 1976. The recolonization mechanisms of stream benthos. Oikos. 27:265-272.
Williams, M.J., and B.J. Hill. 1982. Factors influencing pot catches and population estimates of the Portunid crab Scylla serrata. Mar. Behav. and Physiol. 71:187-192.
Williams, G.H., D.A. Mccaughran, S.H. Hoag, and T.M. Koeneman. 1982. A comparison of Pacific halibut and Tanner crab catches in (1) side-entry and top-entry crab pots and (2) side-entry crab pots with and without Tanner boards. International Pacific Halibut Commission. Seattle, Washington.
Williams, J.E. et al. 1989. Fishes of north America endangered, threatened, or of special concern: 1989. Fisheries. 14:2-20.
Williams, T.C., and M. Ying. 1990. A comparison of radar observations of bird migration at Haizhou Bay, China, and Guan, Marianas. The Auk. 107:404-406.
Williams, A.J., B.M. Dyer, R.M. Randall, and J. Komen. 1990. Killer whales (Orcinus orca) and seabirds: "play", predation and association. Marine Ornithology. 18:37-41.
Williams, G.H., and T.K. Wilderbuer. 1994. Discard mortality rates of Pacific halibut bycatch: Fishery differences and trends during 1990-1993. In: Vol. pp. 611-622.
Williams, G.H. 1996. Pacific halibut discard mortality rates in the 1990-1995 Alaskan groundfish fisheries, with recommendations for monitoring in 1997.
Williams, T. 2000. Motorizing public land. Audubon. March/April:42-52.
Willson, M.F., and J.V. Nichols. 1997. Breeding landbird survey, East Arm, Glacier Bay. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Willson, M.F., and S.M. Gende. 1998. Breeding landbird survey, midbay region, GBNPP. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Wilson, S. 1974. Juvenile play of the common seal (Phoca vitulina vitulina) with comparative notes on the grey seal (Halichoerus grypus). Behav. 48:37-60.
Wilson, S.C., and D.G. Kleiman. 1974. Eliciting play: a comparative study. Amer. Zool. 14:341-370.
Wilson, S.C. 1978. Social organization and behavior of harbor seals (Phoca vitulina concolor) in Maine. U.S. Marine Mammal Commission.
Wilson, S., L. Miller, M. Hursey, M. Frantz, and J. Gorte. 1985. The social development of a captive grey seal (halichoerus grypus) for the first six months. Aquat. Mamm. 11.3:89-100.
Wilson, M.S. 1988. Bartlett Cove black bears 1988. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Wilson, R.P., M.P.T. Wilson, and D.C. Duffy. 1988. Contemporary and historical patterns of African penguin Spheniscus demersus: Distribution at sea. Estuarine Coastal Shelf Sci. 26:447-458.
Wilson, R.P., and M.-P.T. Wilson. 1989. Tape: a package-attachment technique for penguins. Wildlife Society Bulletin. 17:77-79.
Wilson, R.P., B. Culik, and H.J. Spairani. 1991. To slide or stride: when should Adelie penguins (Pygoscelis adeliae) toboggan? Can. J. Zool. 69:221-225.
Wilson, R.P. 1993. Activity-specific metabolic rates from double labeled water studies: are activity costs underestimated? Ecology. 74:1285-1287.
Wilson, C.A., and L.A. Jemison. 1993. Abundance and distribution of marine mammals in northern Bristol Bay and southern Kuskokwim Bay. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Togiak National Wildlife Refuge. Dillingham.
Wilson, J.A. 1994. Chaos theory, complexity: fishery management solutions? University of Maine.
Wilson, C.A. 1995. Abundance and distribution of marine mammals in northern Bristol Bay and southern Kuskokwim Bay. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Togiak National Wildlife Refuge. Dillingham.
Wilson, C.A. 1996. Abundance and distribution of marine mammals in northern Bristol Bay and southern Kuskokwim Bay. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Togiak National Wildlife Refuge. Dillingham.
Wilson, B., P.S. Hammond, and P.M. Thompson. 1999. Estimating size and assessing trends in a coastal bottlenose dolphin population. Ecol. Appl. 9:288-300.
Winchell, C.S. 1992. A new trapping technique for burrowing owls: the noose rod. Journal of Field Ornithology. 63:66-70.
Wing, B.L. 1976. Ecology of Parathemisto libellula and P. pacifica (ampipoda: hyperiidea) in Alaska coastal waters. Northwest Fisheries Center.
Wing, B.L., and K.J. Krieger. 1983. Glacier Bay Humpback whale prey studies. U.S. National Marine Fisheries Service, Auke Bay Laboratory, Juneau.
Wing, B.L., and K. Krieger. 1983. Humpback whale prey studies in southeastern Alaska, summer 1982. U.S. National Marine Fisheries Service, Auke Bay Laboratory, Juneau.
Wing, B.L. 1985. Salmon stomach contents from the Alaska troll logbook program 1977-84. U.S. National Marine Fisheries Service, Auke Bay Laboratory, Juneau.
Wing, B.L., and K.O. Coyle. 1986. Trophic structure of a subarctic zooplankton population.
Wing, S.R., L.W. Botsford, and J.F. Quinn. 1998. The impact of coastal circulation on the spatial distribution of invertebrate recruitment, with implications for management. In: G. Jamieson and A. Campbell (eds.), Proceedings of the North Pacific symposium on invertebrate stock assessment and management. Vol. 125. Canadian Special Publication of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, pp. 285-294.
Winiecki, C.I. 1986. Benthic community development in Boca De Quadra, Alaska. M.S. Thesis, University of Alaska, Fairbanks, pp.
Winkler, G.R., H. McLean, and G. Plafker. 1976. Textural and mineralogical study of sandstone from the onshore Gulf of Alaska Tertiary Province, southern Alaska. U.S. Geological Survey.
Winters, G.H. 1983. Analysis of the biological and demographic parameters of northern sand lance, (Ammodytes dubius), from the Newfoundland Grand Bank. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 40:409-419.
Winters, C.H. 1989. Life history parameters of sand lances (Ammodytes spp.) from the coastal waters of eastern Newfoundland. Journal of Northwest Atlantic Fisheries Science. 9:5-11.
Wirgin, I.I., and J.R. Waldman. 1994. What DNA Can Do For You. Fisheries. 19:16-27.
Wisconsin, U.o., Department of Geology and Geophysics, and Department of Geography. 1987. Deglaciation at the southeast end of the Burroughs Glacier, Glacier Bay, Alaska. University of Wisconsin.
Wishner, K., L. Levin, M. Gowing, and L. Mullineaux. 1990. Involvement of the oxygen minimum in benthic zonation on a deep seamount. Nature. 346:57-59.
Witherell, D.B. 1994. Management of flatfish fisheries in the north Pacific. In: Vol. pp. 573-589.
Witherell, D.B., and G. Harrington. 1996. Evaluation of alternative management measures to reduce the impacts of trawling and dredging on Bering Sea crab stocks. Alaska Sea Grant College Program. Anchorage, AK (USA). 96-02.
Witherell, D. 1996. Groundfish of the Bering Sea and Aleutian Islands. North Pacific Fishery Management Council.
Witherell, D., and J. Ianelli. 1997. A guide to stock assessment of Bering Sea and Aleutian Islands groundfish. North Pacific fishery management council.
Witherell, D. 1997. Summary of the Bering Sea and Aleutian Islands groundfish fishery management plan. North Pacific fishery management council.
Withrow, D.E., and T.R. Loughlin. Haulout behaviour and a correction factor estimate for the proportion of harbor seals missed during molt census surveys near Cordova, Alaska. National Marine Mammal Laboratory. Seattle, WA.
Withrow, D.E. 1982. Using aerial surveys, ground truth methodology, and haul out behavior to census Stelleer sea lions, Eumetopias jubatus. Ph.D., University of Washington, Seattle, WA. 102 pp.
Withrow, D.E., and T.R. Loughlin. 1995. Abundance and distribution of harbor seals (Phoca vitulina richardsi) along the Aleutian Islands during 1994. U.S. National Marine Fisheries Service, National Marine Mammal Laboratory.
Withrow, D.E., and T.R. Loughlin. 1995. Haulout behavior and method to estimate the proportion of harbor seals missed during molt census survey in Alaska. U.S. National Marine Fisheries Service, National Marine Mammal Laboratory.
Withrow, D.E., and T.R. Loughlin. 1996. Abundance and distribution of harbor seals (Phoca vitulina richardsi) along the north side of the Alaska Peninsula and Bristol Bay during 1995. U.S. National Marine Fisheries Service, National Marine Mammal Laboratory.
Wittenburger, J.F., and G.L. Hunt. 1985. The adaptive significance of coloniality in birds. In: Avian Biology. Vol. Academic press, New York, pp. 2-78.
Wolanski, E., and W.M. Hamner. 1988. Topographically controlled fronts in the ocean and their biological influences. Scientific Reports Whales Research Institute, Tokyo. 241:177-181.
Wolcott, T.G., and A.H. Hines. 1988. Ultrasonic telemetry transmitters for behavioral studies on free-ranging blue crabs. Biotelemetr. 287-295.
Wolfe, D.F.G. 1989. Brown bears in the upper west arm of Glacier Bay: shoreline numbers, movement patterns, and habitat usage. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Wolfe, S.E. 1990. A modern tribal fovernment: a guide to the records of the central council of Tlingit and Haida indian tribes of Alaska, 1965-1990. The Central Council. Juneau, AK.
Wolfe, R.J., and C. Mishler. 1993. The subsistence harvest of harbor seal and sea lion by Alaska Natives in 1992. Alaska Department of Fish and Game, Division of Subsistence. Juneau, AK.
Wolfe, R.J. 1995. Subsistence economies in Alaska. Alaska Department of Fish and Game.
Wolfe, R. 1999. The subsistence harvest of harbor seal and sea lion by Alaska natives in 1998. Alaska Department of Fish and Game, Subsistence Division. Anchorage.
Wolff, W.J. 1989. The interaction of benthic macrofauna and birds in tidal flat estuaries: a comparison of the Banc d'Arguin, Mauritania, and some estuaries in the Netherlands. Olsen & Olsen. University of Caen, France.
Wolff, J.O. 2000. Science advances by testing working hypotheses, not just by rejecting null hypotheses. Wildlife Society Bulletin. 28:744-750.
Woll, M.S. 1970. Natural History "Black Blarney Book". U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Wonnacott, T.W., and R.J. Wonnacott. Non-parametric statistics. In: Introductory Statistics. Vol. John Wiley & Sons, New York, pp. 488-489.
Wood, C.E.S. 1882. Among the Tlingits in Alaska. Century Magazine. July 24:3.
Wood, S.N. 1994. Obtaining birth and mortality patterns from structured population trajectories. Ecol. Monogr. 64:1-22.
Woodby, D., G.H. Kruse, and R. Larson. 1993. A conservative application of a surplus production model to the sea cucumber fishery in Southeast Alaska. Alaska Sea Grant College Program. University of Alaska Fairbanks. 93-02.
Woodby, D. 1994. Population sizes and harvest rates of red king crabs in Southeast Alaska, 1993. Alaska epartment of fish and game.
Woodby, D. 1998. Adaptive cluster sampling: Efficiency, fixed sample sizes, and an application to red sea urchins (Strongylocentrotus franciscanus) in southeast Alaska. In: G. Jamieson and A. Campbell (eds.), Proceedings of the North Pacific symposium on invertebrate stock assessment and management. Vol. 125. Canadian Special Publication of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, pp. 15-20.
Woodford, R. 1996. Sharks in southeast waters.
Woodin, S.A. 1978. Refuges, disturbance, and community structure: a marine soft-bottom example. Ecological Society of America Bulletin. 59:274-284.
Woodland, S.R.V., N.D. Smith, and R.D. Powell. 1988. Suspended-sediment dispersal processes in a prodeltaic glacimarine environment. In: Annual Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs. Vol. 20(7). pp. A265.
Woodley, T.H., and A.J. Read. 1991. Potential rates of increase of a harbour porpoise (Phocoena phocoena) population subjected to incidental mortality in commercial fisheries. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 48:2429-2435.
Woods, H.S. 1934. Field notes from the 1934 Mount Crillon expedition. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Woolfenden, G.E., and J.W. Fitzpatrick. 1991. Florida Scrub Jay ecology and conservation. In: C.M. Perrins, J.-D. Lebreton and G.J.M. Hirons (eds.), Bird Population Studies: Relevance to Conservation and Management. Vol. Oxford University Press, Oxford, pp. 542-565.
Wooller, R.D., and J.C. Coulson. 1977. Factors affecting the age of first breeding of the Kittiwake Rissa tridactyla. Ibis. 119:339-349.
Wooller, R.D. 1978. Individual vocal recognition in the Kittiwake gull (Rissa tridactyla). Z Tierpsychol. 48:68-86.
Wooller, R.D. 1979. Seasonal, diurnal and area differences in calling activity within a colony of kittiwakes (Rissa tridactyla). Z Tierpsychol. 51:329-336.
Wooster, W.S. 1983. On the determinants of stock abundance. In: W.S. Wooster (ed.), From year to year: Interannual variability of the environment and fisheries of the Gulf of Alaska and the eastern Bering Sea. Vol. Washington Sea Grant Publ., University of Washington, Seattle, WA, Seattle, WA, pp. 1-10.
Wooster, W.S. 1983. From year to year. University of Washington, Seattle. 207 pp.
World Resources Institute, The World Conservation Union, and United Nations Environment Programme. 1992. Global biodiversity strategy: guidelines for action to save, study, and use earth's biotic wealth sustainably and equitably. WRI, IUCN, UNEP, 244 pp.
Worley, I.A. 1973. The "Black Crust" phenomenon in upper Glacier Bay, Alaska. Northwest Science. 47:20-29.
Worley, I.A. 1975. Plant community analysis. In: Streveler, G.P. and I.A. Worley, eds. Dixon Harbor Biological Survey. U.S. National Park Service.
Worley, I.A., and G.P. Streveler. 1975. Susceptibility to human disturbance. In: Streveler, G.P. and I.A. Worley, eds. Dixon Harbor Biological Survey. Final report of the summer phase of the 1974 research. U.S. National Park Service.
Worley, I.A. 1977. Plant community analysis. In: Streveler, G.P. and I.A. Worley, eds. Dixon Harbor Biological Survey. Final report on the summer phase of 1975 research. U.S. National Park Service.
Worley, I.A. 1982. The bryogeography of southeast Alaska. Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C. Canada, pp.
Worthington, D.G., and N.L. Andrew. 1998. Small-scale variation in demography and its implications for an alternative size limit in the fishery for blacklip abalone (Haliotis rubra) in New South Wales, Australia. In: G. Jamieson and A. Campbell (eds.), Proceedings of the North Pacific symposium on invertebrate stock assessment and management. Vol. 125. Canadian Special Publication of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, pp. 341-348.
Worton, B.J. 1987. A review of models of home range for animal movement. Ecol. Modell. 38:277-298.
Worton, B.J. 1989. Kernel methods for estimating the utilization distribution in home-range studies. Ecology. 70:164-168.
Worton, B.J. 1995. Using monte carlo simulation to evaluate kernel-based home range estimators. Journal Of Wildlife Management. 59:794-800.
Wright, G.F. 1887. The Muir Glacier. Amer. J. Sci. 3:1-18.
Wright, G.E. 1891. Mr. Cushing and the Muir Glacier. American Geologist. 8:330-331.
Wright, G.F. 1892. Glacier Bay. In: Man and the glacial period. Vol. Appleton, New York, pp. 222-231.
Wright, F.E., and G.W. Wright. 1937. The Glacier Bay National Monument in southeastern Alaska, its glaciers and geology. U.S. Geological Survey.
Wright, F.F., and G.D. Sharma. 1969. Periglacial marine sedimentation in southern Alaska. University of Alaska, Institute of Marine Science.
Wright, F.F. 1971. Fjord circulation and sedimentation, southeast Alaska.
Wright, F.F. 1971. Suspension transport in southern Alaskan coastal waters. Houston, TX.
Wright, L.D., D.B. Prior, C.H. Hobbs, R.J. Byrne, J.D. Boon, L.C. Schaffner, and M.O. Green. 1987. Spatial variability of bottom types in the lower Chesapeake Bay and adjoining estuaries and inner shelf. Estuarine Coastal Shelf Sci. 24:765-784.
Wright, J.M. 1989. Annual differences in the fish assemblage of the non-estuarine Sulaibikhat Bay, Kuwait. Olsen & Olsen. Caen, France.
Wright, R. 1990. Wonderful life: The Burgess Shale and the nature of history by Stephen Jay Gould. The New Republic. 28-36.
Wright, R.G. 1992. Wildlife research and management in the national parks. University of Illinois Press, Urbana and Chicago. 224 pp.
Wright, P.J., and M.C. Bailey. 1992? Biology of sandeels in the vicinity of seabird colonies at Shetland. Scottish Office Fish Rep.
Wroblewski, J.S., R.K. Smedbol, C.T. Taggart, and S.V. Goddard. 1996. Movements of farmed and wild Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) released in Trinity Bay, Newfoundland. Mar. Behav. and Physiol. 124:619-627.
Wroblewski, J.S., B.G. Nolan, G.A. Rose, and B. deYoung. 2000. Response of individual shoaling Atlantic cod to ocean currents on the northeast Newfoundland Shelf. Fisheries Res. 45:51-59.
Wu, T.H., and R.W. Christensen. 1964. Measurement of surface strain-rate on Taku Glacier, Alaska. Journal of Glaciology. 5:305-313.
Wu, P.H.L. 1975. Metabolic patterns of 14/c incorporation by selected vascular plants following field incubations with acetate -2-14/c in two plant successional stages in Glacier Bay, Alaska. Plant and Cell Physiology. 16:1017-1025.
Wu, P.H.L., and E.M. Thompson. 1976. Distribution of radioactivities in sugars from acetate -2-14/c incubation and elemental content of some vascular plants in two diverse habitats of Glacier Bay Alaska. Plant and Cell Physiology. 17:1167-1173.
Wu, J., and O.L. Loucks. 1995. From balance of nature to hierarchical patch dynamics: A paradigm shift in ecology. Quarterly Review of Biology. 70:439-466.
Wuebben, J.L., L.E. Hunter, D.E. Lawson, and S.R. Bigl. 2000. Impact study of vessel effects on the marine and nearshore zone, Glacier Bay, Alaska. Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory. Gustavus.
Wursig, B., R.S. Wells, and D.A. Croll. 1986. Behavior of gray whales summering near St. Lawrence Island, Bering Sea. Can. J. Zool. 64:611-621.
Wursig, B., and G. Harris. 1990. Site and association fidelity in bottlenose dolphins off Argentina. 361-365.
Wursig, B., S.K. Lynn, T.A. Jefferson, and K.D. Mullin. 1998. Behaviour of cetaceans in the northern Gulf of Mexico relative to survey ships and aircraft. Aquat. Mamm. 24.1:41-50.
Wursig, B., F. Cipriano, and M. Wursig. 199? Dolphin movement patterns. Information from radio and theodolite tracking studies. In: K. Pryor and K.S. Norris (eds.), Dolphin Societies. Vol. pp. 79-111.
Wyatt, V. 1984. Shapes of their thoughts: reflections of culture contact in Northwest Coast indian art. Peabody Museum of Natural History, Yale University. New Haven, CT.
Wyatt, V. 1985. Ethnic identity and active choice: foundations of indian strength in Southeast Alaska, 1967-1912. Yale University. New Haven.
Wyatt, V. 1989. Images from the inside passage; an Alaskan portrait by Winter and Pond. University of Washington Press, Seattle. pp.
Wyatt, V. 1993. Historic resource study of SOutheast Alaskan Indians. U.S. National Park Service. Anchorage.
Wyile, O.G., and D. Thompson. 1985. The relative efficiency of aerial surveys and ground counts for estimating grey seal pup production. International Council for the Exploration of the Sea.
Wyngaard, J.G., and M.I. Iorio. 1996. Status of the southern king crab (Lithodes santolla) fishery of the Beagle Channel, Argentina. Alaska Sea Grant College Program. Anchorage, AK (USA). 96-02.
Wyngaard, J.G., and M.I. Iorio. 1996. Status of the southern king crab (Lithodes santolla) fishery of the Beagle Channel, Argentina. Alaska Sea Grant College Program. Anchorage, AK. 96-02.
Wynne, K.M., D.L. Hicks, and N.R. Munro. 1992. 1991 marine mammal observer program for the salmon driftnet fishery of Prince William Sound, Alaska. National Marine Fisheries Service.
Wynne, K. 1992. Guide to Marine Mammals of Alaska. Alaska Sea Grant College Program, Fairbanks, Alaska. 75 pp.
Wyrick, R.F. 1954. Observations on the movements of the Pacific gray whale, Eschrichtius glaucus (Cope). Journal of Mammology. 35:596-598.
Xu, X., R.B. Millar, J. Hoenig, and E. Dawe. 1993. Estimation of trap selectivity for male snow crab (Chionoecetes opilio) using the SELECT modeling approach with unequal sampling effort. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 50:2485-2490.
Yablakov, A.V. 1994. Validity of whaling data. Nature. 367:108.
Yamamura, K. 1999. Key-factor/key-stage analysis for life table data. Ecology. 80:533-537.
Yamane, T., and Y. Iitaka. 1985. Relation between ingress and population density. Bull. Jpn. Soc. Sci. Fish. 51(6):881-888.
Yamasaki, A., and A. Kuwahara. 1990. Preserved area to effect recovery of overfished Zuwai crab stocks off Kyoto Prefecture. Anchorage, Alaska.
Yamasaki, A., M. Sinoda, and A. Kuwahara. 1990. A method for estimating survival rate of male zuwai crab (Chionoecetes opilio) in the western Japan Sea. Anchorage, Alaska, USA.
Yang, M.S., and P.A. Livingston. 1988. Food habits and daily ration of Greenland halibut, Reinhardtius hippoglossoides, in the eastern Bering Sea. U S Natl Mar Fish Serv Fish Bull. 86:675-690.
Yang, M. 1993. Food habits of the commercially important groundfishes in the Gulf of Alaska in 1990. U.S. Department of Commerce.
Yang, M.-S. 1995. Food habits and diet overlap of arrowtooth flounder (Atheresthes stomias) and Pacific halibut (Hippoglossus stenolepis) in the Gulf of Alaska. In: Proceedings of the international symposium on north Pacific flatfish. Vol. Alaska Sea Grant College Program, Fairbanks, Alaska, pp. 205-223.
Yano, K., and M.E. Dahlheim. 1995. Killer whale, Orcinus orca, depredation on longline catches on bottom fish in the southeastern Bering Sea and adjacent waters. Fish. Bull. 93:355-372.
Yarborough, M.R. 1999. Archaeological literature review and reconnaissance survey for the proposed Kahtaheena hydroelectric project near Gustavus, Alaska. Cultural Resource Consultants. Anchorage, Alaska.
Yeakley, J.A., and W.G. Cale. 1991. Organizational levels analysis: a key to understanding processes in natural systems. J. Zool., Lond. 149:203-216.
Yentsch, C.S., and D.W. Menzel. 1963. unknown. Deep Sea Res. 10:221-231.
Yentsch, C.S., and C.M. Yentsch. 1979. Fluorescence spectral signatures: the characterization of phytoplankton populations by the use of excitation and emission spectra. J. Mar. Biol. Assoc. (UK). 37:471-483.
Yerxa, R. 1993. Black-legged kittiwake colonies: summary of 1993 field work. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Yerxa, R., and E.R. Hooge. 1994. Status of selected black-legged kittiwake colonies in Glacier Bay, Alaska: census and productivity report. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Yerxa, R., M.L. Kralovec, and E.R. Hooge. 1995. Status of black-legged kittiwake colonies in Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve, Alaska: census and productivity report. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Yerxa, R. 1996. Conference report: Managing visitors in wilderness environments; Parks Canada's western workshop. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Yerxa, R. 1996. Trip report; Tatshenshini River float trip, Aug 30 - Sept 15, 1996. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve.
Yerxa, R. 1999. Report on Marbled murrelet dawn watches conducted July - August, 1999 at Bartlett Cove, Glacier Bay National Park, Alaska. U.S. National Park Service, Glacier Bay National Park. Gustavus, Alaska.
Yochem, P.K., B.S. Stewart, R.L. DeLong, and D.P. DeMaster. 1987. Diel haul-out patterns and site fidelity of harbor seals (Phoca vitulina richardsi) on San Miguel Island, Calilfornia, in autumn. Marine Mammal Science. 3:323-332.
Yoklavich, M.M., G.M. Cailliet, J.P. Barry, D.A. Ambrose, and B.S. Antrim. 1991. Temporal and spatial patterns in abundance and diversity of fish assemblages in Elkhorn Slough, California. Estuaries. 14:465-480.
York, A.E. Northern fur seal, Callorhinus ursinus, eastern Pacific population (Pribilof Islands, Alaska, and San Miguel Island, California). 9-17.
York, A.E. 1994. The population dynamics of northern sea lions, 1975-1985. Mar. Mamm. Sci. 10:38-51.
York, A.E., R.L. Merrick, and T.R. Loughlin. 1996. An analysis of the stellar sea lion metapopulation in Alaska. In: D.R. McCullough (ed.), Metapopulations and wildlife conservation. Vol. Island Press, Washington D.C, pp. 259-292.
York, A.E., and V.B. Scheffer. 1997. Timing of implantation in the northern fur seal, (Callorhinus ursinus). Journal of mammology. 78 (2):675-683.
Yosef, R., and T.C.J. Grubb. 1992. Territory size influences nutritional condition in nonbreeding Loggerhead Shrikes (Lanius ludovicianus): A ptilochronology Approach. Cons. Biology. 6:447-449.
Yosho, I., T. Nagasawa, and K. Konishi. 1996. Larval distribution of Chionoecetes (Majidae, Brachyura) in the Sado Strait, Sea of Japan. Alaska Sea Grant College Program. Anchorage, AK (USA). 96-02.
Young, S.H. 1915. Alaska days with John Muir. Fleming H. Revell Co., New York. pp.
Young, R.W., and C.N. Miller. 1960. Noise data for two outboard motors. Noise Control. 22-25.
Young, R.A. 1976. Fat, energy and mammalian survival. Amer. Zool. 16:699-710.
Young, L.S. 1983. Movements of bald eagles associated with autumn concentrations in Glacier National Park. Master of Science, University of Montana, Bozeman, Montana. 102 pp.
Young, A.D., and R.D. Titman. 1986. Costs and benefits to Red-breasted Mergansers nesting in tern and gull colonies. Can. J. Zool. 64:2339-2343.
Young, J.W., and T.L.O. Davis. 1992. Feeding ecology and interannual variations in diet of larval jack mackerel (Trachurus declivis) (Pisces: Carangidae), from coastal waters of eastern Tasmania. Mar. Behav. and Physiol. 113:11-20.
Young, N.M., S. Iudicello, K. Evans, and D. Baur. 1993. The incidental capture of marine mammals in U.S. fisheries problems and solutions. Center for Marine Conservation, Washington DC. 413 pp.
Zach, L.W. 1950. A northern climax, forest or muskeg? Ecology. 31:304-306.
Zador, S.G., and J.F. Piatt. 1999. Populations and productivity of seabirds at South Marble Island, Glacier Bay, Alaska, during May - July, 1999. U.S. Geological Survey, Biological Resources Division, Alaska Biological Science Center.
Zador, S.G. 1999. A guide to pigeon Guillemot nest sites on South Marble Island, Glacier Bay, Alaska. U.S. Geological Survey, Biological Resources Division, Alaska Biological Science Center. Anchorage.
Zador, S.G., and J.F. Piatt. 1999. Time-budgets of common murres at a declining and increasing colony in Alaska. The Condor. 101:149-152.
Zahavi, A. 1982. The pattern of vocal signals and the information they convey. Behav. 80:1-8.
Zar, J.H. 1984. Biostatistical Analysis. Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey. 718 pp.
Zar, J.H. 1996. Biostatistical Analysis. Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey. 662 pp.
Zebdi, A. 1991. Identification of environmental causes of recruitment variation in the herring stock of Sitka Sound, Alaska. M.S. Thesis, University of Alaska Fairbanks, pp.
Zedler, J.B. 1994. Coastal wetlands: multiple management problems in southern california. In: Environmental science in the coastal zone: issues for further research. Vol. National Academy Press, Washington D.C, pp. 107-123.
Zeller, D.C., and G.R. Russ. 1998. Marine reserves: Patterns of adult movement of the coral trout (Plectropomus leopardus (Serranidae)). Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 55:917-924.
Zeller, D.C. 1999. Ultrasonic telemetry: its application to coral reef fisheries research. Fish. Bull. 97:1058-1065.
Zeppelin, T.K. 1998. Habitat utilization of minke whales (balaenoptera acutorostrata) in the St. Lawrence Estuary, Canada. Master of Science, Oregon State University, 29 pp.
Zgurovsky, K.A., S.D. Bukin, A.G. Slizkin, and Y.V. Lavrovsky. 1990. Trophic relationships of crabs, shrimps, and fishes of the western Bering Sea. Anchorage, Alaska.
Zgurovsky, K.A., V.E. Rodin, A.G. Slizkin, and S.D. Bukin. 1990. Research perspectives on Northwest Pacific bathyal crustacean resources. Anchorage, Alaska.
Zheng, J., F.C. Funk, G.H. Kruse, and R. Fagen. 1993. Evaluation of threshold management strategies for Pacific Herring in Alaska. Alaska Sea Grant College Program. University of Alaska Fairbanks. 93-02.
Zheng, J., T. Quinn, and G.H. Kruse. 1993. Comparison and evaluation of threshold estimation methods for exploited fish populations. Alaska Sea Grant College Program. University of Alaska Fairbanks. 93-02.
Zheng, J., M.C. Murphy, and G.H. Kruse. 1995. A length-based population model and stock-recruitment relationships for red king crab, (Paralithodes camtschaticus), in Bristol Bay, Alaska. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 52:1229-1246.
Zheng, J., M. Murphy, and G. Kruse. 1995. Updated length-based population model and stock-recruitment relationships for red king crab in Bristol Bay, Alaska. Alaska Fisheries Research Bulletin. 2(2):114-124.
Zheng, J., M. Murphy, and G. Kruse. 1996. A catch-length analysis for crab populations. Fish. Bull. 94(3):576-588.
Zheng, J., M.C. Murphy, and G.H. Kruse. 1996. Overview of population estimation methods and recommended harvest strategy for red king crabs in Bristol Bay. Alaska Department of Fish and Game.
Zheng, J. 1996. Stock status of Bristol Bay red king crabs in 1996. Alaska Department of Fish and Game.
Zheng, J., G.H. Kruse, and M.C. Murphy. 1996. Comparisons of abundance estimation methods for red king crabs in Bristol Bay and Kodiak. Alaska Sea Grant College Program. Anchorage, AK. 96-02.
Zheng, J., G.H. Kruse, and M.C. Murphy. 1997. Status of king crab stocks in the eastern Bering Sea in 1997. Alaska Department of Fish and Game.
Zheng, J., G.H. Kruse, and M.C. Murphy. 1998. A length-based approach to estimate population abundance of Tanner crab, Chionoecetes bairdi, in Bristol Bay, Alaska. In: G. Jamieson and A. Campbell (eds.), Proceedings of the North Pacific symposium on invertebrate stock assessment and management. Vol. 125. Canadian Special Publication of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, pp. 97-105.
Zhou, S., and T.C. Shirley. 1995. Effects of handling on feeding, activity and survival of red king crabs, Paralithodes camtschaticus (Tilesius, 1815). Journal of Shellfish Research. 14:173-177.
Zhou, S., and T.C. Shirley. 1996. Is handling responsible for the decline of the red king rab fishery? Alaska Sea Grant College Program. Anchorage, AK (USA). 96-02.
Zhou, S., and T.C. Shirley. 1996. Habitat and depth distribution of the red sea cucumber Parastichopus californicus in a Southeast Alaska bay. AK. Fish. Res. Bull. 3:123-131.
Zhou, S., and T.C. Shirley. 1997. Behavioural responses of red king crab to crab pots. Fisheries Res. 30:177-189.
Zhou, S., and T.C. Shirley. 1997. A model expressing the relationship between catch and soak time for trap fisheries. North American Journal of Fisheries Management. 17:482-487.
Zhou, S., and T.C. Shirley. 1997. Chemoreception and Feeding Responses of Red King Crabs to Potential Bait Extracts. Crust. Res. 26:1-15.
Zhou, S., and T.C. Shirley. 1997. Distribution of red king crabs and Tanner crabs in the summer by habitat and depth in an Alaskan fjord. Investigaciones Marinass. 25:59-67.
Zhou, S., and T.C. Shirley. 1998. Feeding and growth of the red king crab Paralithodes camtschaticus under laboratory conditions. Journal of Crustacean Biology. 18(2):337-345.
Zibordi, G., G. Maracci, and P. Schlittenhardt. 1990. Ocean colour analysis in coastal waters by airborne sensors. Int. J. Remote Sens. 11:705-725.
Ziemann, D.A., L.D. Conquest, K.W. Fulton-Bennett, and P.K. Bienfang. 1990. Interannual variability in the Auke Bay phytoplankton. In: D.A. Ziemann and K.W. Fulton-Bennett (eds.), APPRISE -- Interannual variability and fisheries recruitment. Vol. The Oceanic Institute, Honolulu, Hawaii, pp. 129-170.
Ziemann, D.A., L.D. Conquest, K.W. Fulton-Bennett, and P.K. Bienfang. 1990. Interannual variability in the physical environment of Auke Bay, Alaska. In: D.A. Ziemann and K.W. Fulton-Bennett (eds.), APPRISE -- Interannual variability and fisheries recruitment. Vol. The Oceanic Institute, Honolulu, Hawaii, pp. 99-128.
Zimmer-Faust, R.K. 1985. Chemical attraction causing aggregation in the spiny lobster, Panulirus interruptus (randall), and its probable ecological significance. Biol. Bull. 106-118.
Zimmerman, S.T., and R.S. McMahon. 1974. Paralytic shellfish poisoning in Tenakee, southeastern Alaska: a possible cause. Fisheries Bulletin. 74:679-680.
Zimmerman, S.T., R.S. McMahon, and Y. Rammohanroy Nayudu. 1975. Composition of a red water bloom in southeast Alaska. Trans. Amer. Micros. Soc. 94:146-147.
Zimmerman, S.T. 1985. The northern fur seal in Alaska.
Zimmerman, G.M., H. Goetz, and P.W.J. Mielke. 1985. Use of an Improved Statistical Method for Group Comparisons to Study effects of Prarie Fire. Ecological Society of America. 66(2):606-611.
\Nelson, K., and D. Hedgecock. 1980. Enzyme polymorphism and adaptive strategy in the decapod crustacea. The American Naturalist. 116:238-280.