Testing Status of Agents at NTP
Cumene Hydroperoxide (Table 3)
Table 3. Acute Exposure to Cumene Hydroperoxide
| Species Strain, and Age | Number and Sex of Animals | Chemical Form and Purity | Route/Dose | Exposure/ Observation Period | Results/Comments | Reference | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mice | ||||||||||||
| Mice, Albino Swiss, age n.p. | 10 M/dose | cumene hydroperoxide, 73% minimum purity | inhalation: 4,103 ppm (25,539 mg/m3; 167.8 mmol/m3) | 4 h exposure, observation period n.p. | Labored breathing and excitability after 10 min of exposure, porphyrin deposition in nostrils. | Floyd and Stokinger (1958) | ||||||
| Rats | ||||||||||||
| Rats, Carworth Farm E (CFE), 12-14 weeks. | Occluded group: 5 F, 5 M
Unoccluded group: 5 F, 5 M | cumene hydroperoxide, 23% active material stabilized with sodium bicarbonate | dermal: up to 2 mL | 1 min exposure, 10 d observation period | Hematuria in both groups, convulsions and slight to severe skin burns in occluded group. | Brown et al. (1975) | ||||||
| Rats, strain and age n.p. | Group 1: 5, sex n.p.
Group 2: 5, sex n.p. Group 3: 3, sex n.p. | cumene hydro-peroxide, purity n.p. | gavage: Group 1: 2.0 mL/kg (1.9 g/kg; 13 mmol/kg)
Group 2: 1.0 mL/kg (0.96 g/kg; 6.3 mmol/kg) Group 3: 0.5 mL/kg (0.48 g/kg; 3.1 mmol/kg) | single treatment, 5 min to 24 h observation period | Group 1: Rubbing of mouth on bottom of cage immediately after treatment, sluggishness after 5 min, prostration after 1 h, death after 24 h.
Group 2: Sluggishness after 5 min, unsteady gait after 20 min, 1 death after 4 h. Group 3: Sluggishness, no deaths. | Union Carbide (1975) | ||||||
| Rats, Albino Wistar, age n.p. | 5 M/dose | cumene hydro-peroxide, 73% minimum purity | gavage: doses n.p. but included 400 mg/kg (2.63 mmol/kg) | single exposure, 4 wk observation period | Extensive urinary bleeding, death within 5 d, no weight loss.
It was stated that four oral dose levels were given; however, specific doses were not reported, only as "four geometrically spaced dosage levels". The study mentioned effects at a dose of 400 mg/kg. | Floyd and Stokinger (1958) | ||||||
| Rats, strain and age n.p. | 3/group, sex n.p. | cumene hydro-peroxide, purity n.p. | gavage: Group 1: 0.7 g/kg (4.60 mmol/kg)
Group 2: 1.0 g/kg (6.57 mmol/kg) Group 3: 2.0 g/kg (13.1 mmol/kg) | single exposure, 7 day observation period | Marked weight loss. 1/3 deaths in group 2 and 3/3 deaths in group 3. | Dow Chemical (1952) | ||||||
| Rats, strain and age n.p. | Group 1: 6, sex n.p.
Group 2: 6, sex n.p. | cumene hydro-peroxide, purity n.p. | inhalation: dose n.p. | Group 1: 4 h exposure
Group 2: 8 h exposure Observation periods n.p. | Group 1: Slight loss of coordination after 35 min, poor coordination after 180 min, 1 survivor developed pneumonia.
Group 2: Fair coordination after 25 min, eyes closed and poor coordination after 170 min, 4 deaths after 24 h, 1 survivor developed pneumonia. | Union Carbide (1975) | ||||||
| Rats, strain and age n.p. | 2 F | cumene hydro- peroxide, purity n.p. | inhalation: 50 ppm (311 mg/m3; 2.0 mmol/m3) | 4 h (3 times), observation period n.p. | Incoordination, tremor, narcosis, 1 death. Histological examination revealed congested lungs and kidneys. | Gage (1970) | ||||||
| Rats, strain and age n.p. | n.p. | cumene hydro-peroxide, purity n.p. | inhalation: 800 ppm (4,980 mg/m3; 32.7 mmol/m3) | 6 h exposure, 14 d observation period | Loss of coordination, tremors. Returned to normal after 14 d. | Eastman Kodak (1964) | ||||||
| Rats, Albino Wistar, age n.p. | 6 M/dose | cumene hydro-peroxide 73% minimum purity | inhalation: 4,103 ppm (25,539 mg/m3; 1.67.8 mmol/m3) | 4 h exposure, observation period n.p. | Head and neck tremors, weakness in extremities, prostration, 1/6 deaths 7 d later. | Floyd and Stokinger (1958) | ||||||
| Rats, strain and age n.p. | 3, sex n.p. | cumene hydro-peroxide, purity n.p. | inhalation: saturated atmosphere at 25C | 7 h, observation period n.p. | Slight, temporary weight loss, nasal irritation. | Dow Chemical (1952) | ||||||
| Rats, Albino Wistar, age n.p. | 5 M/dose | cumene hydro-peroxide, 73% minimum purity | i.p.: doses n.p. but included 200 mg/kg (1.31 mmol/kg) | single exposure, 4 wk observation period | Porphyrin deposition in the nostrils, coarse pelage, no weight loss seen.
Cumene hydroperoxide was diluted to 10% in propylene glycol for easier intraperitoneal administration. It was stated that four i.p. dose levels were given; however, the range of doses were not reported in the study, only reported as "four geometrically spaced dosage levels". The study only mentioned the affects of a 200 mg/kg dose. | Floyd and Stokinger (1958) | ||||||
| Guinea Pigs | ||||||||||||
| Guinea pigs strain and age n.p. | n.p. | cumene hydro-peroxide, purity n.p. | dermal: dose n.p. | 24 h, observation period n.p. | Moderate to strong skin irritation. | Eastman Kodak (1964) | ||||||
| Rabbits | ||||||||||||
| Rabbits, strain and age n.p. | Group 1: 4, sex n.p.
Group 2: 4, sex n.p. Group 3: 4, sex n.p. | cumene hydro-peroxide, purity n.p. | dermal: Group 1: 0.1 mL/kg (95.9 mg/kg; 0.63 mmol/kg)
Group 2: 0.2 mL/kg (192 mg/kg; 1.26 mmol/kg) Group 3: 2.0 mL/kg (1.9 g/kg; 13 mmol/kg) | 48 h, observation period n.p. | Group 1: Skin necrosis, very lethargic after 24 h, 1 death after 48 h.
Group 2: Skin necrosis, prostration after 24 h, 4 deaths after 48 h. Group 3: Skin necrosis, eyes dark after 1 h, 2 deaths after 24 h. | Union Carbide (1975) | ||||||
| Rabbits, strain and age n.p. | Number and sex n.p. | cumene hydro-peroxide, purity n.p. | dermal: 100, 10, 1 and 0.1% solutions; amounts applied n.p. | 1 to 10 applications to ear or abdomen (frequency n.p.), observation period n.p. | Slight to severe hyperemia, necrosis, weight loss, scaliness. | Dow Chemical (1952) | ||||||
| Rabbits, strain and age n.p. | Number and sex n.p. | cumene hydro-peroxide, purity n.p. | ocular: 100, 10, and 1% solutions; amount applied n.p., 2 groups/dose (washed and unwashed) | exposure n.p., observation period n.p. | Slight pain, severe to moderate irritation, transient corneal damage. | Dow Chemical (1952) | ||||||
Abbreviations:
d = day(s);
F = female;
h = hour(s);
M = male;
min = minutes;
n.p. = not provided;
wk = week(s)
F = female;
h = hour(s);
M = male;
min = minutes;
n.p. = not provided;
wk = week(s)
Web page last updated on August 15, 2005
