TIGER/Line(R) Files, 1994 Table of Contents Acknowledgments Table of Contents Introduction Type of File and Geographic Extent.....................i-1 Principal Differences Between the 1992 TIGER/Line Files and the 1994 TIGER/Line Files .................i-1 Major Changes to Field Definitions................i-1 New Record Types Added............................i-2 Record Types Deleted..............................i-4 Boundary and Area Changes.........................i-4 Address Ranges and ZIP Codes(R)...................i-4 File Availability...................................i-5 How to Use This Documentation.......................i-5 Figure I-1 -- TIGER/Line(R) Census Files, 1990 Address Range Coverage........................i-5 Figure I-2 -- TIGER/Line(R) Files, 1992 Residential Address Coverage ...................i-6 Chapter 1: An Overview and Geographic Concepts Overview...............................................1-1 What is TIGER?......................................1-1 TIGER Data Base Extracts............................1-2 Relationship of TIGER/Line(R) to 1990 Census Statistical Data...................................1-2 Related Files.......................................1-2 County-Based Files..................................1-5 The Data Content of the TIGER/Line(R) Files.........1-5 Topology and Spatial Objects in the TIGER/Line(R) Files................................................1-6 Spatial Objects in the TIGER/Line(R) Files..........1-6 Topology............................................1-6 Terminology.........................................1-6 Features............................................1-8 Left- and Right-Side Data Fields....................1-8 Single-Layer Topology...............................1-8 Introduction to the TIGER/Line(R) File Structure.......1-9 Basics..............................................1-9 Description of the TIGER/Line(R) 1994 Record Types.....1-9 Record Type 1 -- Complete Chain Basic Data Record...1-9 Record Type 2 -- Complete Chain Shape Coordinates...1-9 Record Type 3 -- Complete Chain Geographic Entity Codes...........1-9 Record Type 4 -- Index to Alternate Feature Identifiers.......................1-10 Record Type 5 -- Complete Chain Feature Identifier List..............................1-10 Record Type 6 -- Additional Address Range and ZIP Code(R) Data..................1-10 Record Type 7 -- Landmark Features..................1-10 Record Type 8 -- Polygons Linked to Area Landmarks..1-11 Record Type 9 -- Key Geographic Location Features...1-11 Record Type A -- Polygon Geographic Entity Codes....1-11 Record Type C -- Geographic Entity Names............1-11 Record Type F -- Corrected Geographic Entity Codes for the 1990 Census...............1-11 Record Type G -- 1992 Geographic Codes and Entity Changes...........................1-11 Record Type H -- TIGER/Line ID History..............1-12 Record Type I -- Link Between Complete Chains and Polygons......................1-12 Record Type P -- Polygon Internal Point.............1-12 Record Type R -- TIGER/Line ID Record Number Range..1-12 Record Type S -- Polygon Additional Geographic Entity Codes......................1-12 Record Type Z -- ZIP+4 Codes........................1-13 The Relationship Between Spatial Objects and TIGER/Line(R) Record Types.........................1-13 Linkages Between Record Types.......................1-13 Figure 1-1 -- Basic TIGER/Line(R) File Topology.....1-11 Figure 1-2 -- TIGER/Line(R) File Record Linkages....1-12 Chapter 2: Version Code and Record Identification Numbers Version Code.........................................2-1 Identification....................................2-1 Codes: Version Code..............................2-1 TIGER/Line Identification Number (TLID)..............2-1 Identification....................................2-1 Codes: TLID......................................2-1 Record Locations: TLID...........................2-2 Record Linkages: TLID............................2-2 Sort Sequence: TLID..............................2-2 User Defined Changes to the 1994 TIGER/Line Files....2-2 TLID as a Standard Identification Number..........2-2 Feature Changes...................................2-3 TIGER/Line(R) Polygon Identification Numbers (CENID and POLYID)................................2-3 Identification....................................2-3 CENID.............................................2-3 POLYID............................................2-3 Codes: CENID and POLYID.............................2-4 CENID.............................................2-4 POLYID............................................2-4 Record Locations: CENID and POLYID...............2-4 Record Linkages: CENID and POLYID................2-5 Sort Sequence: CENID and POLYID..................2-5 TIGER/Line(R) Landmark Identification Numbers (LAND).2-5 Identification....................................2-5 Codes: LAND......................................2-6 Record Locations: LAND...........................2-6 Record Linkages: LAND............................2-6 Sort Sequence: LAND..............................2-6 Chapter 3: Geographic Objects in the TIGER/Line(R) File Line Features.........................................3-1 Feature Identifiers...............................3-1 Identification.................................3-1 Record Locations: Feature Identifiers.........3-3 Codes: Feature Identifier.....................3-3 Directionals (Prefix and Suffix)............3-3 Feature Names...............................3-3 Feature Types...............................3-4 Standard Feature Types...................3-4 Data Limitations and Notes........................3-5 Corporate Corridors and Corporate Offset Boundaries.......................................3-5 Feature Identifier Record Linkage.................3-5 Concepts.......................................3-5 Record Locations: Feature Identification Numbers.......................................3-6 Codes: Feature Identification Numbers.........3-6 Address Ranges and ZIP Codes(R)......................3-6 Identification....................................3-6 Address Ranges.................................3-7 Imputed Address Ranges.........................3-9 ZIP Codes(R)...................................3-10 Address Information Methodology...................3-10 Pre-1990 Census Address Ranges.................3-10 Expanded Addresses.............................3-11 The Relationship Between Pre-existing and ACF Address Ranges..............................3-11 Record Locations: Address Ranges..............3-12 Record Locations: Impute Flags................3-12 Record Locations: ZIP Codes(R)................3-12 Codes: Address Ranges and Impute Flags...........3-12 Address Ranges.................................3-12 Impute Flags/Source Flags......................3-13 ZIP Codes(R)...................................3-13 Limitations.......................................3-13 Corporate Corridors and Corporate Limit Offset Boundaries......................................3-13 Record Linkages...................................3-14 Boundaries of Geographic Entities....................3-14 Identification....................................3-14 Record Linkages and Boundary Extraction...........3-14 Single-Side Flags and County Boundaries...........3-15 Record Locations: Single-Side Flag...............3-16 Codes: Single-Side Flag..........................3-16 CFCC's...............................................3-16 Identification....................................3-16 Record Location: CFCC............................3-16 Codes: CFCC's....................................3-16 CFCC's Used for Both Complete Chains and Landmarks........................................3-17 Points Describing the Complete Chain.................3-17 Identification....................................3-17 Nodes.............................................3-17 Shape Points......................................3-17 Coordinates for Nodes and Shape Points............3-18 Record Locations: Coordinates for Nodes and Shape Points.....................................3-18 Values: Coordinates.............................3-19 Record Linkages/Feature Chaining.................3-19 Polygons.............................................3-20 Overview of Polygon Features......................3-20 Description....................................3-20 Geographic Entity Codes...........................3-21 Identification.................................3-21 Internal Points...................................3-21 Identification.................................3-21 Coordinate Notation............................3-21 Record Locations: GT-Polygon Internal Point Coordinates...................................3-22 Values: Coordinates..........................3-22 Record Linkages...................................3-22 Description....................................3-22 Landmark Features....................................3-23 Overview of Landmark Features.....................3-23 Description....................................3-23 Point, Line, and Area Landmark CFCC's.............3-24 Identification..................... 3-24 Record Locations: Landmark CFCC's.............3-24 Codes: Landmark CFCC's........................3-24 Landmark Feature Name.............................3-26 Identification.................................3-26 Record Locations: Landmark Feature............3-26 Codes: Landmark Feature Names.................3-27 Point Landmark Locations..........................3-27 Identification.................................3-27 Coordinates....................................3-27 Record Locations: Point Landmark Location Point Coordinates...........................3-27 Values: Coordinates...........................3-27 Area Landmark Locations...........................3-27 Identification.................................3-27 Figure 3-1 -- TIGER/Line(R) Address Range Basics.....3-29 Figure 3-2 -- TIGER/Line(R) Multiple and Mixed Parity Address Ranges........................3-30 Figure 3-3 -- Address Range Special Cases............3-31 Figure 3-4 -- TIGER/Line(R) Address Range Imputes....3-32 Chapter 4: Geographic Entities OVERVIEW.............................................4-1 Introduction......................................4-1 Boundary and Area Changes.........................4-1 Codes for Entities................................4-2 GEOGRAPHIC ENTITIES..................................4-2 AI/ANA's..........................................4-2 Identification.................................4-2 Legal Entities..............................4-2 American Indian reservations (AIR's).....4-2 American Indian trust lands..............4-3 Statistical Entities........................4-3 Alaska Native village statistical areas (ANVSA's)................................4-3 Tribal designated statistical areas (TDSA's).................................4-3 Tribal jurisdiction statistical areas (TJSA's).................................4-3 Record Location: AI/ANA Codes.................4-4 Codes: AI/ANA's...............................4-4 ANRC's............................................4-4 Identification.................................4-4 Record Locations: ANRC Codes..................4-4 Codes: ANRC's.................................4-4 Block Groups (BG's)...............................4-5 Identification.................................4-5 Geographic BG's.............................4-5 Tabulation BG's.............................4-5 Record Locations: BG Numbers..................4-5 Codes: BG's...................................4-5 Census Blocks.....................................4-6 Identification.................................4-6 Census Block Numbers...........................4-6 Water Blocks................................4-6 1980 Census Blocks..........................4-7 Corrected 1990 Block Numbers with a Second Suffix.....................................4-7 Current Geography...........................4-8 Record Locations: Census Block Numbers........4-8 Codes: Census Blocks..........................4-8 Tabulation block suffix.....................4-9 Correction block suffix for 1990 corrected geography..................................4-9 Examples....................................4-9 Census Tracts and BNA's...........................4-10 Identification.................................4-10 Census tracts...............................4-10 BNA's.......................................4-10 Numbering...................................4-10 Boundaries and Boundary Changes.............4-11 Relationship to Other Geographic Entities...4-11 Record Locations: Census Tract/BNA Codes......4-12 Codes: Census Tracts/BNA's....................4-12 Counties and Statistically Equivalent Entities....4-12 Identification.................................4-12 Record Locations: County and County Equivalents Codes.............................4-13 Codes: County and County Equivalents..........4-13 County Subdivisions...............................4-14 Identification.................................4-14 Legal Entities..............................4-14 MCD's....................................4-14 Statistical Entities........................4-14 CCD's....................................4-14 Census Subareas..........................4-15 UT's.....................................4-15 Record Locations: County Subdivision Codes....4-16 Codes: County Subdivisions....................4-16 Congressional District............................4-16 Identification.................................4-16 Record Locations: Congressional District......4-16 Codes: Congressional Districts................4-17 Crews-of-Vessels..................................4-17 Identification.................................4-17 Record Locations: Crews-of-Vessels............4-18 Codes: Crews-of-Vessels.......................4-18 Places............................................4-18 Identification.................................4-18 Legal Entities..............................4-18 Incorporated Places......................4-18 Consolidated City........................4-18 Statistical Entities........................4-19 CDP's....................................4-19 Dependent and Independent Places............4-19 Corporate Corridors and Offset Corporate Boundaries.................................4-19 Field Size..................................4-20 Record Locations: Incorporated Place/CDP Codes4-20 Codes: Incorporated Places/CDP's..............4-20 School Districts..................................4-21 Identification.................................4-21 Record Locations: School District Codes.......4-21 Codes: School Districts.......................4-22 States and Statistically Equivalent Entities......4-22 Identification.................................4-22 Record Locations: State Codes.................4-23 Codes: States.................................4-23 Sub-MCD's.........................................4-23 Identification.................................4-23 Record Locations: Sub-MCD Codes...............4-24 Codes: Sub-MCD's..............................4-24 Traffic Analysis Zone (TAZ).......................4-24 Identification.................................4-24 Record Locations: TAZ Codes...................4-24 Codes: TAZ's..................................4-24 Urbanized Areas (UA's)............................4-24 Identification.................................4-24 Record Locations: UA Codes....................4-25 Codes: UA's...................................4-25 Urban/Rural Designation (U/R) 4-25 Identification.................................4-25 Record Locations: U/R Flags...................4-26 Codes: U/R Flags..............................4-26 Voting Districts (VTD's)..........................4-26 Identification.................................4-26 Record Locations: VTD Codes...................4-27 Codes: VTD's..................................4-27 Figure 4-1 -- Hierarchical Relationships of Geographic Entities in the TIGER/Line Files........4-28 Figure 4-2 -- Geographic Relationships -- Small Area Statistical Entities....................4-29 Figure 4-3 -- Geographic Relationships -- Legal and ............ Statistical Entities....................4-30 Figure 4-4 -- Corporate Corridors: Overview............4-31 Figure 4-5 -- Corporate Corridors: Detail View.........4-32 Chapter 5: Data Quality Introduction.........................................5-1 Lineage..............................................5-1 Geometric Properties..............................5-1 Address Ranges and ZIP Codes(R)...................5-2 Source Codes......................................5-2 Record Locations: Source Codes...................5-3 Positional Accuracy..................................5-3 General...........................................5-3 Attribute Accuracy...................................5-3 Geometric Properties..............................5-3 Boundaries and Geographic Entity Codes............5-4 Address Ranges and ZIP Codes(R)...................5-5 Logical Consistency..................................5-5 General...........................................5-5 Completeness.........................................5-6 General...........................................5-6 Chapter 6: The 1994 TIGER/Line Files Data Dictionary Record Type 1 -- Complete Chain Basic Data Record...6-1 Record Type 2 -- Complete Chain Shape Point Coordinates.......................6-3 Record Type 3 -- Complete Chain Geographic Entity Codes...........6-4 Record Type 4 -- Index to Alternate Feature Identifiers.......................6-6 Record Type 5 -- Feature Identifier List............6-7 Record Type 6 -- Additional Address Range and ZIP Code(R) Data......................6-8 Record Type 7 -- Landmark Features..................6-9 Record Type 8 -- Polygons Linked to Area Landmarks..6-10 Record Type 9 -- Key Geographic Location Features...6-11 Record Type A -- Polygon Geographic Entity Codes....6-12 Record Type C -- Geographic Entity Names............6-13 Record Type H -- TIGER/Line ID History..............6-14 Record Type I -- Link Between Complete Chains and Polygons..........................6-15 Record Type P -- Polygon Internal Point.............6-16 Record Type R -- TIGER/Line ID Record Number Range..6-17 Record Type S -- Polygon Additional Geographic Entity Codes.............................6-18 Record Type Z -- ZIP+4 Codes........................6-20 Appendix A -- FIPS State and County Codes Appendix B -- SDTS Definitions for Spatial Objects Appendix C -- 1992 TIGER/Line File, Field Name Changes Appendix D -- Standard Abbreviations Appendix E -- Census Feature Class Codes (CFCC) Appendix F -- Numbers of Decennial Census Geographic Entities Appendix G -- Urbanized Area Codes and Names Appendix H -- Source Codes Appendix I -- Acronyms and Abbreviations Appendix J -- FIPS Class Code Definitions Appendix K -- Place Description Codes Appendix L -- Legal/ Administrative/ Statistical Area Codes Bibliography