a MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW. JANJABY, 1903 is rising rapidly. Should there be any danger of a freshet In the lower Willamette River special reports will be obtahed Thursday and the public notifled.” The river rose rapidly during the next few days and flnally reached a stage of 22.0 feet at Eugene, on the 25th; 31.5 feet at Albany, on the 26th; 29.0 feet at Salem, on the 27th, and 19.3 feet at Portland, on the 28th. Accurate and timely warnings were sent to up river points on the 24th and 25th, and the public in Portland were equally as well informed of the stages about to occur in the lower end of the valley. The chart of rainfall and the hydrographs below it, flg. 1, show graphic- ally the cause of the flood together with the stages reached a t the river stations reporting to this center. The flood caused widespread damage of the usual character though very fortunately no lives were lost. Railroad beds were washed out; bridges, houses, barns, and outbuildings were carried away; millions of feet of logs were torn from their moorings and carried down the river; farm lands were over- flowed, and much live stock and other portable property de- stroyed. The damage, however, could not have been pre- bentad, and was limited to property that could neither be removed nor protected when the warnings were issued. The highest and lowest water, mean stage, and monthly range a t 16% river stations are given in Table VII. Hydro- graphs for typical points on seven principal rivers are shown on Chart V. The stations selected for charting are Keokuk, St. Louis, Memphis, Vicksburg, and New Orleans, on the Mis- sissippi; Cincinnati and Cairo, on the Ohio; Nashville, .on the Cumberland; Johnsonville, on the Tennessee ; Kansas City, on the Missouri; Little Rock, on the Arkansas; and Shreveport, on the Red.-H. G‘. Fra)iktv$eld, Forrcast ()fieid. OLIMATE AND OROP SERVICE. By JAMES BERRY, Chief of Climate and Crop Service Divison. The following summaries relating to the general weather and crop conditions during January are furnished by the directors of the respective sections of the Climate and Crop Service of the Weather Bureau, and are based upon voluntary report8 from meteorological observers and crop correspondents, of whom there are about 3000 and 14,000, respectively: Alabama.-Precipitation cleficient, liut rains so frequent as t o retartl all farm work. Oats slightly damaged liy cnlcl during uricldle of month. Last week warm enough to cause fruit bucls to bwell. Oat- awl whmt promising. Some corn and cotton land being prepared, ant1 pre1)aratii)us for early trucking crops getting untler way during lazt decmIe.-F. P. Chuffee. Arkumua.-The weather was generally unfavorahle for plowing ani1 preparing tho ground for the coming beasnn’s crop, and very little work of this nature wab done. Considerable late matured cotton remainetl in the fields at the month, but on account of the weather conditions anil the nearness of the time to prepare the ground for the nest season’s C I U ~I , much of this will remain lingathered. Winter wheat and 0 8 t h appeared to be in good condition. Fruit trees were apparently uuinjureil.-Ed~c~ard B. Richards. Arizuna-Cold weather prevailed during part of the month, an11 the temperature was generally above the normal. There wah a decide(1 de- ficiency of precipitation, and at many htations there was none wliatex rr. The cold weather caused some daniage t o growing crop*, m i l plowiug waa delayed bomewhat hy frozen gn )unrl. A- a rule, however, agrivul- tural prospect? in this territory were excellent. I n niauy lotaalities tliep were reported t o be the hest foryears. The ranges \\ere in gnotl contlition and grain was doing well.-M. E. Blyetone. CuZiforniu.--Cold, cloudy, and foggy weather continued until about the 2Oth, greatly retarding the growth of all vegetation. A few days of warm weather, accompanied by heavy rain, toward the close of the month caused a rapid growth of grain aod grass and greatly benefited orchard+. The heavy rain in northern California caused a rapid rise of creeks anil rivers, damaging grain and other property to sonre extent.--dZesantler 0. McAdie. Colorado-In the niountain dibtricts, in coinnion with the plains reginn* dry weather characterized the first and second.decades of January. Tlre last decade, however, was stormy, while the precipitation was generally greater than for January, 190’2, yet in only a few localities on the cliffer- ent watersheds was the total brought near the normal. The k n (i h is packed harcl in huge drifts in the gulches and timber, where it has been swept by the prevailing high winds; the outlook wab favorable to a bteady Row of water.-F. H. Brandenburg. Floridn.-The month was favorable for vegetables, except on some low lands, where the soil was too wet. Cabbages, irish potatoes, tomatoes, and other vegetables were available in goodly aniounts. Celery macle poor progress, owing to unseasonahly warm weather. The coldest weather occurred during the first decade, when freezing conditions prevailed to the lower portion of the central dibtrict. Citrus tree6 were well advanced, some showed bloom. Some c ~r n was planted during the last decade.-A. J. hiitchell. Georgia.-The temperature for the month was below the average, 1)nt the weather was not at any time severe. The 13th was generally the coldest day. The rainfall was below the normal in the northern and middle sections and slightly dJ0W in the southern. The month wab characterized by a preponderance of cloudyend rainy days. Winter wheat and oats passed through the month fsvorably. Plowing was well ad- vanced for the season in some of the central counties. The outlook for fruit at the close of the month was propitious.-J. B. hiurbury. Idaho.-Fair weather, with moderately low temperature, preraile(1 from the 5th to 16th. From the 17th to close of the month daily pre- Peach trees, generally, were in l>looni. The 29th was very warm for the season. Stock wab reported in good condition. cipitation occurred in nearly all parts of the State. Heavy snow fell on all the mountains and in high plateau sections, consequently the accrl- mulated snow at the close of January was the greatest for at least the past five years. Winter stock ranges were covered with snow to an unusual del’th, neceqsitating more general feeding of stock than for many years. Fall sown wheat had a good snow protection.-S. M. Blandford. IlZmoie.-The weather was renarkably mild, except a brief cold spell from the 8th to the 13th. The average temperature was slightly above normal. Precipitation wab deficient but well distributed. The arerage cundition of wheat was good; some injury to the crop ensued in the southern district from alternate freezing and thawing. The rye crop was thriving. Conditions were favorable for meadows and grasses. Fruit trees remained uninjured.- W. G . Buncn. IntEic~tta.--Wtieat was well protected by snnw during the greater part of Jaiiriary and when, near the last of the month the ground became bare, the crop, with few esceptionh, was found to he in excellent condition. The eweptions were fields that had been planted prior to September 25 anil damaged by flies before winter began. The weather and condition of the ground were not favorable for field work, and considerable corn remained unhouwd a t the close of the month. Live stock of all kinds was wintering in good condition.- W. T. Blglhe. Iowu.-The month was unusually favorable for stock feeding and for gathering the unharvested portion of the corn crop. Fall wheat and rye, o f which a very small acreage was sown, was not materially damaged by freezing weather.-John R. Sage. h-u)wccu.-The mild weather was favorable to outdoor work and corn husking progreshed rapidly; home plowing was ilone in the south the latter part of the month. Wheat looked well but needs moisture.- T. B. Je)i?tinp. h-m.nttccky.-The condition oP wheat was generally encouraging a t the end of the month. In the western portion nf the Stat? boine fields in low. wet land seemeil to have been injured scimewhat by freezing and thawing, ]J u t i n the ventral and eastern pcirtiims it looked very prom- izing. Very little work was done in ilreparing tobacco IJedh. Farln ht(iVL( wab in good conditiim and feed wah fairly pleutiful. Fruit trees appeareil t i ) be doing well.-H. B. Herney. Lottisicrnu.--Unbx orable weather for agricultural interests prevailed during the greater part o f the month. Frequent showers kept the ground too wet for tillage, ant1 preparation for planting spring crops progreqsed slowly. There was too much rain for sugar cane, and it was feared that a continuation of wet weather will injure seed cane. Prepratinn- for rice seeding we1 e pushed as rapidly as possible. Winter truck gardens have made splendid growth. Tlre weather was favorable fur oranges.- I. hi. C7i7te. hiarylund and Delnic~crrp.-Temperatiire normal; precipitation abundant and fairly well distrihuted. Winter growth received ample and protective snow coveling in the northern ani1 western counties, but in the south and east the grouud was hare most of the month. Wheat was in fine con- dititw in the first-named area: elsewhere early sown was fair, barring local injury by fly; late sown wheat was injured somewhat by frequent freezing and thawing. Ground was generally too wet for farm work.-o~iuer L. Fii8nig. Ndtigun.-The weather cnndit ions during .January were favnrable for winter wheat anil rye: the ground was well protected with snow until the Wth, when it was partly uncoveretl liy rains in portions of the central and southern sectb )us. There was very little alternate freezing and thawing, and corre~pnn~lent+, as a rule, reported little or no damage of any kind. The wheat plaut wab rather small nn acwunt of the late seelliiig last fall, liut appeared green and healthy. C h i account of ample snow protection during the most serere weather there was very little frost in the gmund.- C. F. Sch?wt&r. dIi~iialceaofa.-The maxiilium temperatures occurrecl for the most part on the 6th and BGth, and the niinimuinson the 11th and 30th. The mini- nium temperatiires were not a t all low fcir January. Snow covered the Oras+es were in g!vnd condition. JANUARY, 1903. IktONTHLY WFATHER REVIEW. 6 State the whole of the month, the depth ranging from about 6 inches in the open country t o much greater depths in the timbered regions. Work in the logging camps was considerably hindered by the accumula- tions of snow. The gathering of a splendid ice crop has been going on practically the whole month, the thickness in places being 30 incheh.- T. S. Outram. M~aissippi.--There were only two periods of marked abnormal tem- perature; one, the coldest period of the month, obtained from the 9th to the 14th, and the other, the warmest period, prevailed frnm the 26th to the 29th, inclusive, The precipitation was well dibtribnted throughi )u t the month and over the State. Excessive rainfalls were not so frequent tw usual. A light snow and sleet storm ocuurrecl in the central and southern counties on the 14th.- W. S. Bel&. Missozcri.-In most sections of the State the weather Wac: unfnxornble for winter wheat. Except in a few of the northeahtern c20untiez the c'ro1) received but little protection from mow, ancl in portion.; of the central and southern sections it was injured to s~inie extent l y alternate thaw- ing and freezing. In most of the northern counties. however. alieat \\its reported in good condition at the clo5e of the month-A. E. Harkeft. Montana.-January was an unusually mild month; ranges in iioi-tions of the Milk and Missouri River valleys were corered nitli hanl vrnsteil snow; conditionfi very favorable elrewhere.-l)iontro8e W. Hayen. Nebruaka.--The warm, dry weather allowed rapid progress to be niade in gathering corn, and the crop was abont all secured at the end of the month. The ground was covered with snow during a very small poition of the month; however, the high temperature and absence of severe wind made it a most favorable month for fall sown grain. Winter wheat was affected but little by the weather, aiid with but few exception+ with reported in excellent condition.-G. A. LoaeZawd. Nevada.-The weather of the month was remarkalily fine and clear during the first and becond deuad The last decaile. howe\er. wab more or lebs stormy. with gvod rai in the valleys ant1 heavy s n u ~ h on the mountain ranges. A t tlie close of the Inonth thv depth of mow in the canyons and gulches was considered amply hufficient to maintain a normal flow of water during the summer monthb. The v eather concli- tions were generally favorable to stock interests.-J. H. Anttth. New England.-The weather wah somewhat warmer than usual. with the temperature above nornial in alJOUt all sectionh. The precipitatit i n was about normal and wah well distributed throughout the nionth and over the district. The weather was fairly favoiable to outdoor pursuits. and especially for lumbering and ice interests. Reports from sections in C'ou- necticut indicate that peaches were probably injnred by the extremely low temperatures of December.-J. W. Smith. Neiu Jersey.-The prevailing weather conditions were unfavoralile to winter grain, as the ground wab bare of snow from the lqt to 6th, and from 12th to 25th; much freezing and thawing occurred. Wheat and rye were deadened slightly at the tops and the fields looked yellow, hut uo serious injury has been done. Fruit trees were in gooil coiiclition.--E~Zionr~ W. McGann. Althoiigli unu$itnlly dry, all repoi-ts indicate that stoc*k retained gonil (~iiniliti~~u. the Rio Grande and throughout the central part of the Territoq was moist to a c~onsiderable depth-R. Ai. Hardiitgr,. New I-ork.-Couditions generally fit\ orahle for v heat ant1 rj sections reporting auiple snow protection. Ibut boule claniage 1)) temperature changeb. Very little frobt in gn~und. (h~tir:tl rains ancl thaw from 27th to 29th-R. G . Allrn. North Carolina.-Frequent rains, alisence o f snow covering, and alter- nate freezing and thawing were rather unfavorab~e for wheat, but the injury was slight, owing to the excellent start the lilaiits hail secured. Crops in lowlands were injured by escessike moisture. A t the vlose t b f the month early seeded winter wheat, oats, and rye were heallhy niul vigorous. good htands were secured, and the plantb wet e slircarlin:: nicely. Late seeded cereals, however, made comparalively little grom*h. Prospects remain exceptionally favorahl*.-C. F. von Herrt)tctnti. North Dakota.-The month wahwarnier than usual, with 1)at little suow until the latter part, when heavy snow fell in nearly all bectitms of the State. Owing to this covering of snow on the ground feeding o f btnck, that had before grazed on the prairies, became necessary.-B. H. Broitmm. Whrat con- tinued in excellent condition; it was well protected by snow during all (i f the cold weather and no injury whatever was reported. The snowfall was generally less than normal for the month. but the weather turnin cold after each storm caused it to remain nu the grnunil for n t.onsi( able period of time to the benefit o f grain and grab*. Fruit kiuds were uninjured. Stock was in gaud condition.-B. L. Waldron. OkZahonta avid ktdictn Territori~~.-Moderately cool weather a1111 Iwluw average precipitation, exce1)t during the last week, tended to retaicl crop growth, yet wheat was well rooted. and wheat, winter rye. and volunteer oats made good progress. Plowing for corn, oats, and eaily 1Jt)tatl) well advanced. in the Choctaw Nation, where conditions were unfavorable an41 coi able lobs was reported. Cotton picking continued. Fruit tree5 were reported in good condition-C. M. Strong. 0regmi.-In the western section of the State the firat half o f the month was favorable for plowing and home progress was made with this work. Xeui Me.rico.-A mild mouth with gi)orl weather. Ohio-Temperature and precipitation slightly deficient. Stock continued on wheat or range aiid did well, Not much seeding, however, wae done, as, beiore the ground wae prop- erly prepared, a rainy spell set in and farm work came to a standstill. In the eastern fiection practically no plowing or seeding was done during the month. Fall wheat in portions of Umatilla and Union counties is thought to have been damaged in places by alternate thawing and freezing, and it is estimated that about a fourth of the crop will have to be reseeded. Elsewhere fall wheat came up nicely, although its growth has been unusually slow. Winter pasturage was the poorest for a number o€ years.-Edward A. Beala. The aver- age precipitation was slightly above the normal, about an inch greater than that for the same period last year, and tlie heaviest for any January since l89H. The ground was fairly well covered with snow in nearly all agricultural districts during the coldest weather, and the conditions were in the main favorable to winter grain and grasses. No complaints of sebere weather injuring fruit prospects were received.-T. F. To~rmeend. Porto Rico.--Wtxather generally favorable. except a little too dry for very y(iung crops aud iecently planted wed toward the end of the month. Ttiung canes ha% P dvne well ancl the maturing ones have improved. Grinding has 1Jewme quite general. with fairly satisfactory results. The hnwiitg, the cultivating, and the cutting of tobacco was carried on sup- Cehhflllly, excepting the delay occasioned hy the dry weather near the end i d tlie month. Coffee trees pruned and put in order for the new crop; elats g00tl for early flowering. Small cruph generally good and h i t I J U ~ in need o f rain; pasturage excellent.-E. C. Thonyson. Sotrfh CtrroZiiin.-TeuiI)erature conJitions as well as precipitation were favoralile for trucking interests near the coast, while in the interior wheat itnil oats were uiiinjured and maintained a very ptomising condition. C'ountry roads were, as a rule, in bad conditions, restricting the hauling o f fertilizerr. Snuie tobacco I d s were prepared and seeded, hut plowing \\as imIir~icticable.-J. W. Bnuer. fiorcth Dnkotcr.-Thr precipitation was cornparati\ ely light, and con- teusoe.-The first half of the month was cold, -with light rains and hUn\\ : the secaond half warmer, with but little rain, but the weather was generally cloudy. Alternate freezing ancl thawing had a bad effect on winter grain, eqiecially late hown, caasing niuch injury in tho western dil ision. Early sown grains acquiied good root before the bevere frosts an11 withhtood them well. Low temprratures were beneficial in check- iug growth. Clover was in fair condition; ))ut little plowing was done.- H. C. Bate. Tuza~.-Showers were frequent during the month and the distribution wits normal, being hea\ iest over the eastern and south- and lightest in the weatern and nortliwesteni counties. clianges in temperature were recordell, and so far the winter has passed without the prevalence of severe freezes. The soil and subsoil are thoroughly stocked with moisture, the precipitation for heaviebt since records of tinued to make vigorous ing well; there was minor e precipitation in limited artlab in the north-central portion. Tlie breaking of land was very back- ward, but at the close of the month was well under way. Limited rtcreagr was seeiled to oath and ctmi tlnring the month, and in the eitrenie houthrlrn counties preparation5 for cottim planting were in progresh. Eltensire shipments of vegetables were malle during the iiionth, and strawberries were on the market. Stock cuntinued to winter very satisfaC,torily.-E(lu~(~rd H. Bowit. The heavy prei41bitation gave the ground a good soaking. Fall grain centinued in fair condition and most of it had a good covering of snow a t the close of the month. Stock generally continued in fair condition-L. H. Murdoch. TSryitii(i.-The temperatures obtaining throughout the month were nlioot normal, while the precipitation W A S in excess and came mainly as rain. Crop progress was much retartled by the soaked condition of the ground, and in honie localitiez rust wa.; repnrtecl in the winter wheat and oats. The hessian fly waLi in evidence in me fields in the southwestern part of the State, but the clamage frcm tlii ource was small.--Edurard A . Ewr It*. W~whbtgton.-Tlie month wa.s notably mild, especially in the first decade, when heavy rains fell, greatly swelling the btreams and causing floods. There was nc) severe weather to injure wheat, although there may have l~eeii blight tlamage by alternate thawing auil freezing. Snow covered the ground at the end of the month.-G. N. SuZidwy. Wed Ti'rgiitia.-During the period of hardest freezing wheat was gen- erally well protected by a good covering of snnw. but, during the second rolrl spell there was not much snow, and tlie late sown wheat was dam- aged slightly. A t the rlose of the month. wheat mas reported to be in good condition, a.; were also rye, oats, and grass. Practically no plow- Prtiw&m~ta.-No protracted warm or cold spells occurred. Utah.-Very little farm work was done during the month. 6. Daphne ............. Pre8cott.. ........... Lake Village. ....... Crescent City.. ...... MONTHLP WEBTHER REVIEW. 5.61 Burkville ........... 1.95 0.74 12stations.. ......... 0.00 5.29 Silver Spring 24.38 8 stations.. .. JANUABY, 1903 -1: 0 +1.4 -0.4 +0.4 i 1 .8 -0.2 -0.8 +0.9 +0.5 -1.6 +3.5 t 3 .1 -0.5 -2.0 -0.4 In the following table are given, for the rarious motions of and lowest temperatures with dates of occurrence, the stations the Climate and Crop Service of the Weather Bureau, the aver- reporting greatest and least monthly precipitation, and other age temperature and rainfall, the stations reporting the highest data, as indicated by the several headings: Summary of temperahwe and pwcipitatiota by aedione, January, 1M2. Pratt.ville ........... 84 Chainpies Caiup.. ... x1 Texarkana, Warren. SO Indio ............... 90 Rlaiur .............. 78 Flaluiugu ........... 88 Fleniing .____ .____. . x7 (k r n e t .. ............ lill ('entralia ............ 70 3 stations ........... 67 Belknap ............ 60 Euglewood . __ .. _. ._. 76 Williawsborg ....... 82 4 stations.. .......... ?w Annapolis. Md ...... 62 Section. I, Alabama ............... Ariaona. ............... Arkansas .............. California. ............. Colorado ............... Florida ................ Qeorgia ................ Idaho.. ................ Illinois ................ Indiana.. .............. Iowa ................... Kansas ................ Kentucky.. ............ Louisiana.. ... .: ....... Maryland and Delawarc Michigan .............. Minnesota ............. Missoun ............... Montana.. ............. Nebraska .............. Mississippi ........... 29 ti Nevada ................ New England .......... New Jersey ............ New Mexico ........... New York ............ North Carolina ........ North Dak0t.a .......... Ohio ................... Oklahoina and Indian Oregon ................ Penns lvania .......... Porto Hico ............. South Carolina ......... South Dakota .......... Tennessee ............. Teras ................. Utah.. ................. Virginia.. ............. Washington ........... West Virginia ......... Wiwonsin ............. Wyoming. ............. Territories. Haiiiilton. Rivertun . 10 13 Fort Defiaiye ....... - 2 1 - d M E 8 d P .- * ~ 43.8 46.4 40.2 46.6 25.9 57.2 44.6 26.2 27.0 25.3 23.0 32. 2 34.8 18. 8 31.6 20.7 11.3 15.0 31.5 15.7 17.0 E . 0 t2. 8 30.4 $5.0 22. 8 IO. 0 9.4 37. 1 39.2 3i. 2 26.9 74. 2 13.7 17.7 18.6 Lx. 2 Ii. 0 E. 3 15.6 11. 8 16.0 hi.2 - 28 29 1 6 Temperature-in degrees Fahrenheit. Philo.. ........... Topeka ........... Clear Lake _._ _. __ Morau.. .......... c? . II ... ... ... Monthly extremes. -12 13 -21 12 -12 11 ...-8 I? Furt Yadisuii ....... Columbus ........... Thorutou ........... (laruthersville ...... Suniiuit. ............. Ciordun.. ............ Lewem Ranch.. ..... I~urham N. H .. ..... Patmon' ............ 1.46 8 statione.. .......... T. 1.15 4 stations.. .......... T. 3.78 Frauklin.. .. 1.44 9.76 Farluerville. 2.64 6.64 Deuton, hid ......... 2.30 4.45 Eagle Harbor.. ...... 0.21 1.18 RollingCireen ...... T. 8.45 Holly Springs.. ..... 3.41 3.45 Rockport ............ 0.06 8.50 Poplar ... :. ......... T. 0. SO 5 stations.. .......... 0.00 7.40 Rioville ............. 0.11 6.05 Patten,Me .......... 1.60 5. M Layton.. ............ 2.31 Traverse City Uundee, <+ripe ... New U I i n . .... -0.2 +l. 0 --I. 6 $1 . 1 +4.5 i 6 .1 i 5 .1 +I . 1 +o. 3 $1.6 +o. 7 -0.2 +2. 7 -1.1 +1.4 Caruthersville ....... 73 Augnbt a . ............ 63 Aurora .............. 63 C I I i u gt uu . Purlsruullttl. Fort Tates .......... 56 H a n g i n g R g ~c k , i 3 Ural, Okla .......... 81 Hioville ............ 72 Hartland, Vt ........ 57 5 atatious ........... 57 G 29 2X 6 Rnswell ............ 81 Ott4j.. ............... 53 Huekiuehaiu. Wash- 73 ('ando.. ............. -3; 12 hiilligau ........... -13 11) Rlackhnrn.0kla. .. .) 11 Fairfirlc1,I.T _._.._ .( 6 : I? Pine ............... - 4 11; +2.2 /I Hepper ............ 66 -0.6 Calltornin .___ ._.___ _I 6% Tulsa, I .T .. ......... Gleiiora ............. Seisholtzville ....... hiaunalm. ........... Georgetuwii ......... Sissetam Agency ... Irun Cit.y. ........... Triuity ............. 2.10 28.39 5.09 4.73 7. 10 u. 69 5.52 5.49 ............. .......... Spearfish .......... ........... ..... 9:! 61 i 7 91 M'illianistowu .... 39 29 5 29 3 39 29 .............. ......... I Eraruiiie Y .. ......... 1 9 Paris ................ I I? I3 Woudrutf ........... -21 29 Stauarfhville ........ 0 13 Repuldic. ........... 2 26 Travellers Repose.. . - 7 19 1 li "9 ?!I 5 25 26 2 28.30 "8 (iraut\lwrp ......... -29 1 +0.6 St.Get,rge ........... -0. 1 Bigrtiine (;a I t 2 .4 hlatt.inger.* k&:li:: 0.0 Echo ................ +l .8 Rn)dhead ........... +1 .9 3 stativns ........... 66 6Y GO 79 55 611 ............ ............ ............. ing was done during the month. Stock was generally in good contlition, with prospect of sufficient feed.-E. C. TToRe. Wismin.-The temperature conditions during the month were slightly above normal, with no unusually suchlen or pronounced changes drc-idedly cold weather prevailed during the second and third tlecadeb, but there was generally sufficient snow 011 the ground to protect winter crops. The precipitation was deficient throughout the State, but was heaviest 01 er the east-central counties. However, no berious deficiency in moihturr was reported from any point.-J. W. Rchwfer. Wyoming-No severe storm was general over the State during the month, but over the southwestern and southern sections snow was quite general during the last decade of the month. The snowfalls of the months of December and January have furnished a good stock o f snow lor irri- gation water the roming season, except over the northeastern portion (i f the State, where a marked deficiency o f mow existed at the cdow of the month.- W. 5. Palmer. RNOWFALL AND WATER SUPPLY IN THE ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION. The following extracts are taken froni the mom bulletins for January, 1903, prepared by the Section Directors of Climate and Crop uectionu in the Rocky Mountain region: Colorado-In the mountain districts, in common with the plains re- gion, dry weather characterized the firrt and secnntl tlecndes of January, but the last decade was htoruiy. Althvugh the precipitation was grnrr- ally greater than for *January, 1902, yet in only a few localities on the different watersheds was the total lirought near the normal. The hnUW is in excellent condition fi)r a steady flow, as it is hard packed in huge drifts in the gulches and timber, where it has heen swept by the prevail- ing high winds. Idaho.-The heavy falls of snow during Norember and DecemlBer were - & E 8 P .I c al %I - 3.56 0.11 2.59 4.56 0.45 5.24 3.29 2. 78 1.36 2.24 0.28 0.33 2.M 5.37 3.99 1.77 0.45 5.20 1.36 0. %2 0.22 1.81 3. 56 3. Yo 0.22 2.91 3. 71 0.66 2.36 0.59 8. 3 i 3. 31 1.54 3. 85 0.23 2.95 2.83 1.40 3. 63 4. 72 3.21 0.51 0. ii - a $1 E ? 22 a"' d m as __ -1.19 -1.14 -1.57 + 0.30 -0.28 +2.71 -0. v2 +O. 64 -0.82 -0.32 -0. i 4 -0.43 -1.62 +o. 47 +I. 05 -0.39 -0.22 -0.20 -I ). 69 -0.22 -0.38 $0.68 -0.32 +O. 24 -0. 36 $0. 15 -(I . 48 +O . 23 --0.27 -0.57 +2.47 +o. 15 -2.71 i u. 37 -u. 18 -1.89 +o. 14 +o. 62 +o. 54 t o .6 8 +O. 05 -0.88 +o. 1.5 Precipitation-in inches and hundredtha. Greatest monthly. 11 Leaet monthly. Station. 1 1 11 station. a c Rerlin.. ............. hncaster ...........I ::E // NrKinney .......... Swauton ........... 4 stations.. .......... Uwatilla ............ Erie.. ............... Cuanio .............. Walhalla ............ 6 stutious ........... Leadsille. ........... Amarillo ............ 2 stationr. ........... Cape Henry ......... SnnuyHide .......... Sumuierville ........ Florence ............ Hgattville .......... T. 0.94 T. 0.33 1.49 T. 2.40 T. 1. a 0.12 0.00 1.93 0. 17 1.55 T. 0.00 ederl 1)y the *January snowfall, consequently the accumu- to an unuhual depth on a11 the mountains of the State. An it1nindani.e of water for all purposes is assured without further snow (luring the rrmainiler o f tht. winter. Fanners throughout the irrigation dihtricth are elated with the prohpect of an abundance of water for crops (luring the coniing cnbp season, while lumberin~n and farmers in north- ~r n c4)untieh fear high water when the snow hegins to melt. Mmfaaa.-@n the west side of the main divide the snowfall was some- what greatw than CIU the eabt side. In Flathead County drifts are deep ani1 firni in the mountains, lint there is not much mow in the valley; it was ineltecl liy c.hiuo~>k The Bitter Root Valley is \ere11 with 3 to 10 inches of snow, and the mountains in Raxalli County are heavily covered. The fall was llght in Granite County ant1 was unevenly distributed in Deer Lodge and Powcll counties-1wing alioi e n~)rm.zl in some localities and much below in others. I n westel ula Ckninty there is an average amount of snow and the fall h quite heavy in the mountains; there is but little in tkher portic e country. Nezada.-Rrpoi-ts indicate that the stock of snow now in the moun- taiuh over the watersheds 4)f the State is amply sufficient to maintain a normal flow o f water neat siiuinier without further precipitation during the remainder nf the winter. Stoc-kmrn and ranchers are ciirrespond- iiiyly happy (I \ er the fine prospects for a gocd crop season. New IliPrico.-It ~eenis t l ) be the consensus of opinion that with the exception o f the watersheds of the Canadian and tributaries, the pres- ent seahnn thus far hhnwH better prospect for an abundant water s u p in the btrearn.: of the Territory than for some years past. A t the e of January there was very little snow lying on the ground below X0IIIJ feet. A1iove 10.000 feet, in the northern mountains, the average depth was from 3 to 4 feet on north sides, but on south and east sides there were frequent bare spots. However, the exceedingly heavy winds durlng the last week in Januaiy, although a potent evaporating agent, but froze before reaching the streams. JANUARY, 1903. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW. Feet. .5 0 100 1,250 100 200 300 1,050 500 400 250 XJO 300 435 1,100 700 200 621 270 7lxJ .6 0 0 .1,847 2,720 .I 350 (580 7 6i.5 63.3 59.7 63.0 52.0 52.0 55.0 62.7 62.3 56.5 66.3 68.3 55.3 57.0 60.7 63.3 63.3 65.5 66.0 61.5 66.3 62.3 61.7 62.7 60.7 60.3 60.0 61.7 57.5 64.0 56.5 . . . . 60.5 -2.2 doubtlees proved more advantageous than otherwise by fllling the eupply of water for irrigation throughout the whole of the coming crop mountain canyons with the drifting snow. With the exception of the season. northeastern quartef of the Territory, which has been unusually dry W&oming.-The January snowfall was very unevenly distributed 69 80 78 84 59 63 67 70 77 74 86 91 63 67 78 80 78 55 85 79 80 68 74 80 70 70 67 Si! 68 58 62 . . . . 75. 1 -3. I $3 1-0 1-0 0-3 1 4 2 4 4-0 1 4 1 4 1-0 3 2-6 2-0 1 4 1-0 1-0 2-0 2-0 3-0 1-6 5-6 6 7 6-5 . . . . 2.1 . . . . 2 4 3-0 6 4 4 3 3 5-10 $2 lo-? 3 4 10 3 1 4-1 9-3 3 4 3 3 4-1 3 0 3 5 3 8-2 2 2 2 5-2 2 4 10-6 7 7 i n 4 0 4 . . . . 4.5 +o. 1 ..... Z ..... s ..... 4 ..... 6 ..... 6. .... 'I... . 8. .. . . 9.... . lo..... 11 ..... I2 ..... 13 ..... 14 ..... 16 ..... 16. .... 17 ..... IS ..... 19 ..... 20 ..... 21 ..... 22..... B ..... H..... 25 ..... 26. .... 27. .... %..... ZS..... SO..... 31 ..... 29.94 29.95 29.96 30.04 30.08 30.04 29.90 29.73 28.92 29.90 29.87 29.97 29.97 29.97 29.96 30.00 30.00 30.04 30.06 30.08 30.01 30.10 30.05 30.04 30.02 29.99 29.99 30.10 30.14 30.15 30.15 29.94 29.90 29.91 29.94 30.04 0.01 0.00 0. 00 0.02 0. 00 School street (Bishop) sw... Insane Asylum sw ...'.... _. . Kaniehaineha dchool.. . . . . . . ..... . ........ 30 2.93 75 . . . . . . . . 30.02 29.90 29.72 29.72 29.86 29.85 29. R5 29. 94 29. W 29.92 29.93 29.97 29.97 30.01 30.01 3o.w 0.00 0.02 0.22 0.00 0.00 1.65 0. 16 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.02 0. 00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0. no Laniakea (Nahuiua) . . . .. .. . TantalusHeights. .. .. .. ._.. . Wainianalo, ne. ._ .. . . . . .. . . . Kaneirhe. .. ....__ _.....__.. . Maunaaili, ne. .... .... ..... Ahuimanu,ne ..._.. .... _... . 1 150 526 1:360 3.71 300 4.00 100 3.90 3 0 6.13 350 6.79 30.07 30.03 30. M 30.00 29.98 0.00 6.00 0.00 0. 00 0.00 29.99 30.07 30.12 30.10 0:43 0.12 0.12 0.00 Sums.. Means. Depart- ure.. . . . . . . 30.00 +.05 ..... !9.958 ..... 4.05 . . . . . . +0.95 Waiopae Ranch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ki ah&s ...__ .'..:::::::::: Natiku, ne . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nahiku . . . .. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Kaupo Mokulau) s 700 285 308 . . . . . 1,MM . . . . . . . 13.20 3. 04 2.35 16.05 12.32 .. .... . 7.32 Dtlnyed Dowazbrr rrporta. Wahiawa (Oahu). .. .. .. .. .. . . _. .. Hawi (Kohala). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Laopahnehoe. .. . . . . . . .. .. . . . . .. .. . Waiopae . .. .. .. .. . . . . .. .. .. . . . . .. . Kahiko ............ ........ . 1,600 10.15 13.91 27.20 4.99 44.31 Haleatala Ranch.. . . . . . . . . . . . Wailuko, ne.. . . . .. . . . . .. .. .. . 2, OOO 2.50 Lake and the %vier Lake watersheds and deficient over the watersheds of the Green and Colorado rivers. The fall over the Great Salt Lake watershed was remarkably heavy and exceeds that for any January since 1890. The depth of snow in the mountains of the State is generally above average and greater than for several years. High windfi during the month caused the snow to drift nicely arid the temperature conditions were favor- able for packing. The amount of mow now in the mountains and its drifted and solid condition assure all sections of the State an abundant slope of the Big Horn Mountains, noted in the December bulletin, still continues and reports from that section show that probably less than one-half of the usual depth now esists. Reports from the Laramie, Platte, Green, and Suake River watersheds show that R good stock of snow has already accumulated in the sections named, and depths are reported to l w up to the average or above: in niany localities the depths are much above the normal and a good supply of water for irrigation beems assured. SPECIAL CONTRIBUTIONS. HAWAIIAN OLIMATOLOC3ICAL DATA. By CWBTIS J. LYONS, Territorial Meteorologist. OBSERVATIONS AT HONOLULU. The station is at 21° 18' N. 157O 50' W. I t is the Hawaiian Weather Bnrean Rtation Punahou. (see fig. 2, NO. 1 iA the MnNTHLP WEATHER REVIEW for J U I ~, 1902, page 365.) Hawaiian standard time is 1 0 b 3oP slow of Greenwich time. Honolnlu local menu time Is 101 31m slow ?f Greenwich. The pressore is corrected for temperatore and reduced to sea level, and the gravity cor- ractlnn -0 06 han heen annlied. 63.5'; mean daily range, 12.0'; greatest claily range, 19.0'; least daily range, 5' ; highest temperature, 79' ; lowest, 56'. Barometer average, 30.020; normal, 29.965; highest, 30.22, 30th; lowest, 29.73, 8th; greatest 24-hour change, that is, from any given hour on one dag to the same hour on the nest, 0.17; lows passed this point on the 7th a d 26th; highs on the dth, 2lst, and 30th. Relative humidity average, 73.8 per cent; normal, 76.8 per cent; mean dew-point, 60.5'; normal, 82.7'; mean absolute moisture, 5.89 grains per cubic foot; normal, 6.27 grains. There was again an unusual period of low clew-point at the end of the month. Rainfall data for Jnnicnry, 130.?. Dew on grass, 12 iuornings. -------. - -- The average'direet