-CITE- 10 USC CHAPTER 49 - MISCELLANEOUS PROHIBITIONS AND PENALTIES 01/03/2007 -EXPCITE- TITLE 10 - ARMED FORCES Subtitle A - General Military Law PART II - PERSONNEL CHAPTER 49 - MISCELLANEOUS PROHIBITIONS AND PENALTIES -HEAD- CHAPTER 49 - MISCELLANEOUS PROHIBITIONS AND PENALTIES -MISC1- Sec. 971. Service credit: officers may not count service performed while serving as cadet or midshipman. 972. Members: effect of time lost. 973. Duties: officers on active duty; performance of civil functions restricted. [974, 975. Repealed or Renumbered.] 976. Membership in military unions, organizing of military unions, and recognition of military unions prohibited. [977. Repealed.] 978. Drug and alcohol abuse and dependency: testing of new entrants. 979. Prohibition on loan and grant assistance to persons convicted of certain crimes. 980. Limitation on use of humans as experimental subjects. 981. Limitation on number of enlisted aides. 982. Members: service on State and local juries. 983. Institutions of higher education that prevent ROTC access or military recruiting on campus: denial of grants and contracts from Department of Defense, Department of Education, and certain other departments and agencies. 985. Persons convicted of capital crimes; certain other persons: denial of specified burial-related benefits. 986. Security clearances: limitations. 987. Terms of consumer credit extended to members and dependents: limitations. AMENDMENTS 2006 - Pub. L. 109-364, div. A, title VI, Sec. 670(b), Oct. 17, 2006, 120 Stat. 2269, which directed amendment of the table of sections for this title by adding item 987, was executed to the table of sections for this chapter to reflect the probable intent of Congress. Pub. L. 109-163, div. A, title VI, Sec. 662(c)(2), Jan. 6, 2006, 119 Stat. 3315, substituted "Persons convicted of capital crimes; certain other persons: denial of specified burial-related benefits" for "Persons convicted of capital crimes: denial of certain burial- related benefits" in item 985. 2004 - Pub. L. 108-375, div. A, title VI, Sec. 651(f)(1), Oct. 28, 2004, 118 Stat. 1972, struck out item 977 "Operation of commissary stores: assignment of active duty members generally prohibited". 2001 - Pub. L. 107-107, div. A, title X, Sec. 1048(g)(2), Dec. 28, 2001, 115 Stat. 1228, amended directory language of Pub. L. 106- 65. See 1999 Amendment note below. 2000 - Pub. L. 106-398, Sec. 1 [[div. A], title X, Sec. 1071(b)], Oct. 30, 2000, 114 Stat. 1654, 1654A-276, added item 986. 1999 - Pub. L. 106-65, div. A, title V, Sec. 549(a)(2), Oct. 5, 1999, 113 Stat. 611, as amended by Pub. L. 107-107, div. A, title X, Sec. 1048(g)(2), Dec. 28, 2001, 115 Stat. 1228, substituted "Institutions of higher education that prevent ROTC access or military recruiting on campus: denial of grants and contracts from Department of Defense, Department of Education, and certain other departments and agencies" for "Institutions of higher education that prohibit Senior ROTC units: denial of Department of Defense grants and contracts" in item 983. 1998 - Pub. L. 105-261, div. A, title V, Sec. 569(b), Oct. 17, 1998, 112 Stat. 2032, struck out item 974 "Civilian employment: enlisted members". 1997 - Pub. L. 105-85, div. A, title X, Sec. 1077(a)(2), Nov. 18, 1997, 111 Stat. 1915, added item 985. 1996 - Pub. L. 104-201, div. A, title V, Sec. 581(c)(3), Sept. 23, 1996, 110 Stat. 2538, struck out "enlisted" after "count" in item 971. Pub. L. 104-106, div. A, title V, Secs. 541(b), 561(c)(2), Feb. 10, 1996, 110 Stat. 316, 322, substituted "Members: effect of time lost" for "Enlisted members: required to make up time lost" in item 972 and added item 983. 1993 - Pub. L. 103-160, div. A, title III, Sec. 351(b), Nov. 30, 1993, 107 Stat. 1627, added item 977. 1989 - Pub. L. 101-189, div. A, title XVI, Sec. 1622(b)(3), Nov. 29, 1989, 103 Stat. 1604, struck out item 975 "Prohibition on the sale of certain defense articles from the stocks of the Department of Defense". 1988 - Pub. L. 100-456, div. A, title V, Sec. 521(a)(2), Sept. 29, 1988, 102 Stat. 1973, substituted "Drug and alcohol abuse and dependency: testing of new entrants" for "Mandatory testing for drug, chemical, and alcohol abuse" in item 978. 1987 - Pub. L. 100-180, div. A, title V, Sec. 513(a)(2), Dec. 4, 1987, 101 Stat. 1091, substituted "Mandatory testing for drug, chemical, and alcohol abuse" for "Denial of entrance into the armed forces of persons dependent on drugs or alcohol" in item 978. 1986 - Pub. L. 99-661, div. A, title V, Sec. 502(b), Nov. 14, 1986, 100 Stat. 3864, added item 982. 1984 - Pub. L. 98-525, title XIV, Sec. 1401(c)(2), Oct. 19, 1984, 98 Stat. 2615, added items 979 to 981. 1982 - Pub. L. 97-306, title IV, Sec. 408(c)(2), Oct. 14, 1982, 96 Stat. 1446, struck out item 977 "Denial of certain benefits to persons who fail to complete at least two years of an original enlistment". Pub. L. 97-295, Sec. 1(14)(B), Oct. 12, 1982, 96 Stat. 1290, added item 978. 1980 - Pub. L. 96-513, title V, Sec. 501(12), Dec. 12, 1980, 94 Stat. 2908, substituted "officers on active duty" for "Regular officers" in item 973. Pub. L. 96-342, title X, Sec. 1002(b), Sept. 8, 1980, 94 Stat. 1119, added item 977. 1979 - Pub. L. 96-107, title VIII, Sec. 821(b), Nov. 9, 1979, 93 Stat. 820, redesignated item 975 relating to membership in military unions as 976. 1978 - Pub. L. 95-610, Sec. 2(b), Nov. 8, 1978, 92 Stat. 3088, added item 975 relating to military unions. Pub. L. 95-485, title VIII, Sec. 815(b), Oct. 20, 1978, 92 Stat. 1626, added item 975 relating to sale of certain defense articles. 1968 - Pub. L. 90-235, Secs. 4(a)(5)(B), 6(a)(6)(B), Jan. 2, 1968, 81 Stat. 759, 762, added items 973 and 974. 1958 - Pub. L. 85-861, Sec. 1(20), Sept. 2, 1958, 72 Stat. 1442, added items 971 and 972. -End- -CITE- 10 USC Sec. 971 01/03/2007 -EXPCITE- TITLE 10 - ARMED FORCES Subtitle A - General Military Law PART II - PERSONNEL CHAPTER 49 - MISCELLANEOUS PROHIBITIONS AND PENALTIES -HEAD- Sec. 971. Service credit: officers may not count service performed while serving as cadet or midshipman -STATUTE- (a) Prohibition on Counting Enlisted Service Performed While at Service Academy or in Navy Reserve. - The period of service under an enlistment or period of obligated service while also performing service as a cadet or midshipman or serving as a midshipman in the Navy Reserve may not be counted in computing, for any purpose, the length of service of an officer of an armed force or an officer in the Commissioned Corps of the Public Health Service. (b) Prohibition on Counting Service as a Cadet or Midshipman. - In computing length of service for any purpose, service as a cadet or midshipman may not be credited to any of the following officers: (1) An officer of the Navy or Marine Corps. (2) A commissioned officer of the Army or Air Force. (3) An officer of the Coast Guard. (4) An officer in the Commissioned Corps of the Public Health Service. (c) Service as a Cadet or Midshipman Defined. - In this section, the term "service as a cadet or midshipman" means - (1) service as a cadet at the United States Military Academy, United States Air Force Academy, or United States Coast Guard Academy; or (2) service as a midshipman at the United States Naval Academy. -SOURCE- (Added Pub. L. 85-861, Sec. 1(20), Sept. 2, 1958, 72 Stat. 1442; amended Pub. L. 90-235, Sec. 6(a) (1), Jan. 2, 1968, 81 Stat. 761; Pub. L. 98-557, Sec. 17(a), Oct. 30, 1984, 98 Stat. 2867; Pub. L. 101-189, div. A, title VI, Sec. 652(a)(1)(A), (2), Nov. 29, 1989, 103 Stat. 1461; Pub. L. 104-201, div. A, title V, Sec. 581, Sept. 23, 1996, 110 Stat. 2537; Pub. L. 105-85, div. A, title X, Sec. 1073(a)(13), Nov. 18, 1997, 111 Stat. 1900; Pub. L. 109-163, div. A, title V, Sec. 515(b)(1)(D), (2), Jan. 6, 2006, 119 Stat. 3233, 3234.) -MISC1- HISTORICAL AND REVISION NOTES -------------------------------------------------------------------- Revised Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at section Large) -------------------------------------------------------------------- 971 50:1414. June 25, 1956, ch. 439, Sec. 4, 70 Stat. 333. -------------------------------------------------------------------- AMENDMENTS 2006 - Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 109-163 substituted "Navy Reserve" for "Naval Reserve" in heading and "Navy Reserve" for "Naval Reserve" in text. 1997 - Subsec. (b)(4). Pub. L. 105-85 substituted "Commissioned Corps" for "commissioned corps". 1996 - Pub. L. 104-201, Sec. 581(c)(3), struck out "enlisted" after "count" in section catchline. Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 104-201, Sec. 581(a), (c)(2), inserted heading, substituted "while also performing service as a cadet or midshipman or serving as a midshipman" for "while also serving as a cadet at the United States Military Academy, the United States Air Force Academy, or the United States Coast Guard Academy, or as a midshipman at the United States Naval Academy or", and inserted before period at end "or an officer in the Commissioned Corps of the Public Health Service". Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 104-201, Sec. 581(b), amended subsec. (b) generally. Prior to amendment, subsec. (b) read as follows: "In computing length of service for any purpose - "(1) no officer of the Navy or Marine Corps may be credited with service as a midshipman at the United States Naval Academy or as a cadet at the United States Military Academy, United States Air Force Academy, or United States Coast Guard Academy; "(2) no commissioned officer of the Army or Air Force may be credited with service as a midshipman at the United States Naval Academy or as a cadet at the United States Military Academy, United States Air Force Academy, or United States Coast Guard Academy; and "(3) no officer of the Coast Guard may be credited with service as a midshipman at the United States Naval Academy or as a cadet at the United States Military Academy, United States Air Force Academy, or United States Coast Guard Academy." Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 104-201, Sec. 581(c)(1), added subsec. (c). 1989 - Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 101-189, Sec. 652(a)(1)(A), struck out ", under an appointment accepted after June 25, 1956," after "Naval Reserve". Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 101-189, Sec. 652(a)(2)(A), struck out ", if he was appointed as a midshipman or cadet after March 4, 1913" after "United States Coast Guard Academy". Subsec. (b)(2). Pub. L. 101-189, Sec. 652(a)(2)(B), struck out ", if he was appointed as a midshipman or cadet after August 24, 1912" after "United States Coast Guard Academy". 1984 - Subsec. (b)(3). Pub. L. 98-557 added par. (3). 1968 - Pub. L. 90-235 designated existing provisions as subsec. (a) and added subsec. (b). -TRANS- TRANSFER OF FUNCTIONS For transfer of authorities, functions, personnel, and assets of the Coast Guard, including the authorities and functions of the Secretary of Transportation relating thereto, to the Department of Homeland Security, and for treatment of related references, see sections 468(b), 551(d), 552(d), and 557 of Title 6, Domestic Security, and the Department of Homeland Security Reorganization Plan of November 25, 2002, as modified, set out as a note under section 542 of Title 6. -MISC2- APPLICATION OF SUBSECTION (A) TO SERVICE UNDER APPOINTMENT ACCEPTED BEFORE JUNE 26, 1956 Section 652(a)(1)(B) of Pub. L. 101-189 provided that: "The limitation in section 971(a) of title 10, United States Code, shall not apply with respect to a period of service referred to in that section while also serving under an appointment as a cadet or midshipman accepted before June 26, 1956." -End- -CITE- 10 USC Sec. 972 01/03/2007 -EXPCITE- TITLE 10 - ARMED FORCES Subtitle A - General Military Law PART II - PERSONNEL CHAPTER 49 - MISCELLANEOUS PROHIBITIONS AND PENALTIES -HEAD- Sec. 972. Members: effect of time lost -STATUTE- (a) Enlisted Members Required To Make Up Time Lost. - An enlisted member of an armed force who - (1) deserts; (2) is absent from his organization, station, or duty for more than one day without proper authority, as determined by competent authority; (3) is confined by military or civilian authorities for more than one day in connection with a trial, whether before, during, or after the trial; or (4) is unable for more than one day, as determined by competent authority, to perform his duties because of intemperate use of drugs or alcoholic liquor, or because of disease or injury resulting from his misconduct; is liable, after his return to full duty, to serve for a period that, when added to the period that he served before his absence from duty, amounts to the term for which he was enlisted or inducted. (b) Officers Not Allowed Service Credit for Time Lost. - In the case of an officer of an armed force who after February 10, 1996 - (1) deserts; (2) is absent from his organization, station, or duty for more than one day without proper authority, as determined by competent authority; (3) is confined by military or civilian authorities for more than one day in connection with a trial, whether before, during, or after the trial; or (4) is unable for more than one day, as determined by competent authority, to perform his duties because of intemperate use of drugs or alcoholic liquor, or because of disease or injury resulting from his misconduct; the period of such desertion, absence, confinement, or inability to perform duties may not be counted in computing, for any purpose other than basic pay under section 205 of title 37, the officer's length of service. (c) Waiver of Recoupment of Time Lost for Confinement. - The Secretary concerned shall waive liability for a period of confinement in connection with a trial under subsection (a)(3), or exclusion of a period of confinement in connection with a trial under subsection (b)(3), in a case upon the occurrence of any of the following events: (1) For each charge - (A) the charge is dismissed before or during trial in a final disposition of the charge; or (B) the trial results in an acquittal of the charge. (2) For each charge resulting in a conviction in such trial - (A) the conviction is set aside in a final disposition of such charge, other than in a grant of clemency; or (B) a judgment of acquittal or a dismissal is entered upon a reversal of the conviction on appeal. -SOURCE- (Added Pub. L. 85-861, Sec. 1(20), Sept. 2, 1958, 72 Stat. 1443; amended Pub. L. 104-106, div. A, title V, Sec. 561(a)-(c)(1), Feb. 10, 1996, 110 Stat. 321, 322; Pub. L. 105-85, div. A, title X, Sec. 1073(a)(14), Nov. 18, 1997, 111 Stat. 1900; Pub. L. 108-375, div. A, title V, Sec. 572, Oct. 28, 2004, 118 Stat. 1921.) -MISC1- HISTORICAL AND REVISION NOTES -------------------------------------------------------------------- Revised Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at section Large) -------------------------------------------------------------------- 972 10 App.:629a. July 24, 1956, ch. 692, Sec. 1, 70 Stat. 631. 34 App.:183b. -------------------------------------------------------------------- AMENDMENTS 2004 - Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 108-375 added subsec. (c). 1997 - Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 105-85 substituted "February 10, 1996" for "the date of the enactment of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1996" in introductory provisions. 1996 - Pub. L. 104-106, Sec. 561(c)(1), substituted "Members: effect of time lost" for "Enlisted members: required to make up time lost" as section catchline. Pub. L. 104-106, Sec. 561(a), designated existing provisions as subsec. (a), inserted heading, added par. (3), redesignated par. (5) as (4), struck out former pars. (3) and (4), and added subsec. (b). Prior to amendment, subsec. (a)(3) and (4) read as follows: "(3) is confined for more than one day while awaiting trial and disposition of his case, and whose conviction has become final; "(4) is confined for more than one day under a sentence that has become final; or". EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1996 AMENDMENT Section 561(e) of Pub. L. 104-106 provided that: "The amendments made by this section [enacting section 6328 of this title and amending this section and sections 1405, 3925, 3926, 8925, and 8926 of this title] shall take effect on the date of the enactment of this Act [Feb. 10, 1996] and shall apply to any period of time covered by section 972 of title 10, United States Code, that occurs after that date." -End- -CITE- 10 USC Sec. 973 01/03/2007 -EXPCITE- TITLE 10 - ARMED FORCES Subtitle A - General Military Law PART II - PERSONNEL CHAPTER 49 - MISCELLANEOUS PROHIBITIONS AND PENALTIES -HEAD- Sec. 973. Duties: officers on active duty; performance of civil functions restricted -STATUTE- (a) No officer of an armed force on active duty may accept employment if that employment requires him to be separated from his organization, branch, or unit, or interferes with the performance of his military duties. (b)(1) This subsection applies - (A) to a regular officer of an armed force on the active-duty list (and a regular officer of the Coast Guard on the active duty promotion list); (B) to a retired regular officer of an armed force serving on active duty under a call or order to active duty for a period in excess of 270 days; and (C) to a reserve officer of an armed force serving on active duty under a call or order to active duty for a period in excess of 270 days. (2)(A) Except as otherwise authorized by law, an officer to whom this subsection applies may not hold, or exercise the functions of, a civil office in the Government of the United States - (i) that is an elective office; (ii) that requires an appointment by the President by and with the advice and consent of the Senate; or (iii) that is a position in the Executive Schedule under sections 5312 through 5317 of title 5. (B) An officer to whom this subsection applies may hold or exercise the functions of a civil office in the Government of the United States that is not described in subparagraph (A) when assigned or detailed to that office or to perform those functions. (3) Except as otherwise authorized by law, an officer to whom this subsection applies by reason of subparagraph (A) of paragraph (1) may not hold or exercise, by election or appointment, the functions of a civil office in the government of a State (or of any political subdivision of a State). (4)(A) An officer to whom this subsection applies by reason of subparagraph (B) or (C) of paragraph (1) may not hold, by election or appointment, a civil office in the government of a State (or of any political subdivision of a State) if the holding of such office while this subsection so applies to the officer - (i) is prohibited under the laws of that State; or (ii) as determined by the Secretary of Defense or by the Secretary of Homeland Security with respect to the Coast Guard when it is not operating as a service in the Navy, interferes with the performance of the officer's duties as an officer of the armed forces. (B) Except as otherwise authorized by law, while an officer referred to in subparagraph (A) is serving on active duty, the officer may not exercise the functions of a civil office held by the officer as described in that subparagraph. (5) Nothing in this subsection shall be construed to invalidate any action undertaken by an officer in furtherance of assigned official duties. (6) In this subsection, the term "State" includes the District of Columbia and a territory, possession, or commonwealth of the United States. (c) An officer to whom subsection (b) applies may seek and hold nonpartisan civil office on an independent school board that is located exclusively on a military reservation. (d) The Secretary of Defense, and the Secretary of Homeland Security with respect to the Coast Guard when it is not operating in the Navy, shall prescribe regulations to implement this section. -SOURCE- (Added Pub. L. 90-235, Sec. 4(a)(5)(A), Jan. 2, 1968, 81 Stat. 759; amended Pub. L. 96-513, title I, Sec. 116, Dec. 12, 1980, 94 Stat. 2878; Pub. L. 98-94, title X, Sec. 1002(a), Sept. 24, 1983, 97 Stat. 655; Pub. L. 101-510, div. A, title V, Sec. 556, Nov. 5, 1990, 104 Stat. 1570; Pub. L. 106-65, div. A, title V, Sec. 506, Oct. 5, 1999, 113 Stat. 591; Pub. L. 107-296, title XVII, Sec. 1704(b)(1), Nov. 25, 2002, 116 Stat. 2314; Pub. L. 108-136, div. A, title V, Sec. 545, Nov. 24, 2003, 117 Stat. 1479.) -MISC1- AMENDMENTS 2003 - Subsec. (b)(3). Pub. L. 108-136, Sec. 545(2), inserted "by reason of subparagraph (A) of paragraph (1)" after "applies" and substituted "(or of any political subdivision of a State)" for ", the District of Columbia, or a territory, possession, or commonwealth of the United States (or of any political subdivision of any such government)". Subsec. (b)(4), (5). Pub. L. 108-136, Sec. 545(1), (3), added par. (4) and redesignated former par. (4) as (5). Subsec. (b)(6). Pub. L. 108-136, Sec. 545(4), added par. (6). 2002 - Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 107-296 substituted "of Homeland Security" for "of Transportation". 1999 - Subsec. (b)(1)(B), (C). Pub. L. 106-65 substituted "270 days" for "180 days". 1990 - Subsecs. (c), (d). Pub. L. 101-510 added subsec. (c) and redesignated former subsec. (c) as (d). 1983 - Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 98-94 amended subsec. (b) generally. Prior to amendment subsec. (b) provided that, except as otherwise provided by law, no regular officer of an armed force on active duty could hold a civil office by election or appointment, whether under the United States, a Territory or possession, or a State, and that acceptance of such a civil office or the exercise of its functions by such an officer terminated his military appointment. Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 98-94 added subsec. (c). 1980 - Pub. L. 96-513, Sec. 116(c), substituted "officers on active duty" for "regular officers" in section catchline. Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 96-513, Sec. 116(a), substituted "of an armed force on active duty" for "on the active list of the Regular Army, Regular Navy, Regular Air Force, Regular Marine Corps, or Regular Coast Guard". Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 96-513, Sec. 116(b), substituted "regular officer of an armed force on active duty" for "on the active list of the Regular Army, Regular Navy, Regular Air Force, Regular Marine Corps, or Regular Coast Guard". EFFECTIVE DATE OF 2002 AMENDMENT Amendment by Pub. L. 107-296 effective on the date of transfer of the Coast Guard to the Department of Homeland Security, see section 1704(g) of Pub. L. 107-296, set out as a note under section 101 of this title. EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1980 AMENDMENT Amendment by Pub. L. 96-513 effective Sept. 15, 1981, but the authority to prescribe regulations under the amendment by Pub. L. 96-513 effective on Dec. 12, 1980, see section 701 of Pub. L. 96- 513, set out as a note under section 101 of this title. CONSTRUCTION AND APPLICABILITY OF SECTION 973(B) Section 1002(b), (c) of Pub. L. 98-94 provided that: "(b) Nothing in section 973(b) of title 10, United States Code, as in effect before the date of the enactment of this Act [Sept. 24, 1983], shall be construed - "(1) to invalidate any action undertaken by an officer of an Armed Force in furtherance of assigned official duties; or "(2) to have terminated the military appointment of an officer of an Armed Force by reason of the acceptance of a civil office, or the exercise of its functions, by that officer in furtherance of assigned official duties. "(c) Nothing in section 973(b)(3) of title 10, United States Code, as added by subsection (a), shall preclude a Reserve office to whom such section applies from holding or exercising the functions of an office described in such section for the term to which the Reserve officer was elected or appointed if, before the date of the enactment of this Act [Sept. 24, 1983], the Reserve officer accepted appointment or election to that office in accordance with the laws and regulations in effect at the time of such appointment or election." -End- -CITE- 10 USC Sec. 974 01/03/2007 -EXPCITE- TITLE 10 - ARMED FORCES Subtitle A - General Military Law PART II - PERSONNEL CHAPTER 49 - MISCELLANEOUS PROHIBITIONS AND PENALTIES -HEAD- Sec. 974. Repealed. -MISC1- [Sec. 974. Repealed. Pub. L. 105-261, div. A, title V, Sec. 569(a), Oct. 17, 1998, 112 Stat. 2032]. Section, added Pub. L. 90-235, Sec. 6(a)(6)(A), Jan. 2, 1968, 81 Stat. 762; amended Pub. L. 101-510, div. A, title III, Sec. 327(e), Nov. 5, 1990, 104 Stat. 1532, related to civilian employment by enlisted members. -End- -CITE- 10 USC Sec. 975 01/03/2007 -EXPCITE- TITLE 10 - ARMED FORCES Subtitle A - General Military Law PART II - PERSONNEL CHAPTER 49 - MISCELLANEOUS PROHIBITIONS AND PENALTIES -HEAD- [Sec. 975. Renumbered Sec. 2390] -STATUTE- -End- -CITE- 10 USC Sec. 976 01/03/2007 -EXPCITE- TITLE 10 - ARMED FORCES Subtitle A - General Military Law PART II - PERSONNEL CHAPTER 49 - MISCELLANEOUS PROHIBITIONS AND PENALTIES -HEAD- Sec. 976. Membership in military unions, organizing of military unions, and recognition of military unions prohibited -STATUTE- (a) In this section: (1) The term "member of the armed forces" means (A) a member of the armed forces who is serving on active duty, (B) a member of the National Guard who is serving on full-time National Guard duty, or (C) a member of a Reserve component while performing inactive-duty training. (2) The term "military labor organization" means any organization that engages in or attempts to engage in - (A) negotiating or bargaining with any civilian officer or employee, or with any member of the armed forces, on behalf of members of the armed forces, concerning the terms or conditions of military service of such members in the armed forces; (B) representing individual members of the armed forces before any civilian officer or employee, or any member of the armed forces, in connection with any grievance or complaint of any such member arising out of the terms or conditions of military service of such member in the armed forces; or (C) striking, picketing, marching, demonstrating, or any other similar form of concerted action which is directed against the Government of the United States and which is intended to induce any civilian officer or employee, or any member of the armed forces, to - (i) negotiate or bargain with any person concerning the terms or conditions of military service of any member of the armed forces, (ii) recognize any organization as a representative of individual members of the armed forces in connection with complaints and grievances of such members arising out of the terms or conditions of military service of such members in the armed forces, or (iii) make any change with respect to the terms or conditions of military service of individual members of the armed forces. (3) The term "civilian officer or employee" means an employee, as such term is defined in section 2105 of title 5. (b) It shall be unlawful for a member of the armed forces, knowing of the activities or objectives of a particular military labor organization - (1) to join or maintain membership in such organization; or (2) to attempt to enroll any other member of the armed forces as a member of such organization. (c) It shall be unlawful for any person - (1) to enroll in a military labor organization any member of the armed forces or to solicit or accept dues or fees for such an organization from any member of the armed forces; or (2) to negotiate or bargain, or attempt through any coercive act to negotiate or bargain, with any civilian officer or employee, or any member of the armed forces, on behalf of members of the armed forces, concerning the terms or conditions of service of such members; (3) to organize or attempt to organize, or participate in, any strike, picketing, march, demonstration, or other similar form of concerted action involving members of the armed forces that is directed against the Government of the United States and that is intended to induce any civilian officer or employee, or any member of the armed forces, to - (A) negotiate or bargain with any person concerning the terms or conditions of service of any member of the armed forces, (B) recognize any military labor organization as a representative of individual members of the armed forces in connection with any complaint or grievance of any such member arising out of the terms or conditions of service of such member in the armed forces, or (C) make any change with respect to the terms or conditions of service in the armed forces of individual members of the armed forces; or (4) to use any military installation, facility, reservation, vessel, or other property of the United States for any meeting, march, picketing, demonstration, or other similar activity for the purpose of engaging in any activity prohibited by this subsection or by subsection (b) or (d). (d) It shall be unlawful for any military labor organization to represent, or attempt to represent, any member of the armed forces before any civilian officer or employee, or any member of the armed forces, in connection with any grievance or complaint of any such member arising out of the terms or conditions of service of such member in the armed forces. (e) No member of the armed forces, and no civilian officer or employee, may - (1) negotiate or bargain on behalf of the United States concerning the terms or conditions of military service of members of the armed forces with any person who represents or purports to represent members of the armed forces, or (2) permit or authorize the use of any military installation, facility, reservation, vessel, or other property of the United States for any meeting, march, picketing, demonstration, or other similar activity which is for the purpose of engaging in any activity prohibited by subsection (b), (c), or (d). Nothing in this subsection shall prevent commanders or supervisors from giving consideration to the views of any member of the armed forces presented individually or as a result of participation on command-sponsored or authorized advisory councils, committees, or organizations. (f) Whoever violates subsection (b), (c), or (d) shall be fined under title 18 or imprisoned not more than 5 years, or both, except that, in the case of an organization (as defined in section 18 of such title), the fine shall not be less than $25,000. (g) Nothing in this section shall limit the right of any member of the armed forces - (1) to join or maintain membership in any organization or association not constituting a "military labor organization" as defined in subsection (a)(2) of this section; (2) to present complaints or grievances concerning the terms or conditions of the service of such member in the armed forces in accordance with established military procedures; (3) to seek or receive information or counseling from any source; (4) to be represented by counsel in any legal or quasi-legal proceeding, in accordance with applicable laws and regulations; (5) to petition the Congress for redress of grievances; or (6) to take such other administrative action to seek such administrative or judicial relief, as is authorized by applicable laws and regulations. -SOURCE- (Added Pub. L. 95-610, Sec. 2(a), Nov. 8, 1978, 92 Stat. 3085, Sec. 975; renumbered Sec. 976, Pub. L. 96-107, title VIII, Sec. 821(a), Nov. 9, 1979, 93 Stat. 820; amended Pub. L. 98-525, title IV, Sec. 414(a)(6), Oct. 19, 1984, 98 Stat. 2519; Pub. L. 99-661, div. A, title XIII, Sec. 1343(a)(2), Nov. 14, 1986, 100 Stat. 3992; Pub. L. 100-26, Sec. 7(k)(2), Apr. 21, 1987, 101 Stat. 284; Pub. L. 105-85, div. A, title X, Sec. 1073(a)(15), Nov. 18, 1997, 111 Stat. 1900.) -MISC1- AMENDMENTS 1997 - Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 105-85 substituted "shall be fined under title 18 or imprisoned not more than 5 years, or both, except that, in the case of an organization (as defined in section 18 of such title), the fine shall not be less than $25,000." for "shall, in the case of an individual, be fined not more than $10,000 or imprisoned not more than five years, or both, and in the case of an organization or association, be fined not less than $25,000 and not more than $250,000." 1987 - Subsec. (a)(1) to (3). Pub. L. 100-26 inserted "The term" after each par. designation and struck out uppercase letter of first word after first quotation marks in each paragraph and substituted lowercase letter. 1986 - Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 99-661 struck out the second of two commas before "(B)". 1984 - Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 98-525 added cl. (B) and redesignated existing cl. (B) as (C). CONGRESSIONAL FINDINGS AND DECLARATION OF PURPOSE Section 1 of Pub. L. 95-610 provided that: "(a) The Congress makes the following findings: "(1) Members of the armed forces of the United States must be prepared to fight and, if necessary, to die to protect the welfare, security, and liberty of the United States and of their fellow citizens. "(2) Discipline and prompt obedience to lawful orders of superior officers are essential and time-honored elements of the American military tradition and have been reinforced from the earliest articles of war by laws and regulations prohibiting conduct detrimental to the military chain of command and lawful military authority. "(3) The processes of conventional collective bargaining and labor-management negotiation cannot and should not be applied to the relationships between members of the armed forces and their military and civilian superiors. "(4) Strikes, slowdowns, picketing, and other traditional forms of job action have no place in the armed forces. "(5) Unionization of the armed forces would be incompatible with the military chain of command, would undermine the role, authority, and position of the commander, and would impair the morale and readiness of the armed forces. "(6) The circumstances which could constitute a threat to the ability of the armed forces to perform their mission are not comparable to the circumstances which could constitute a threat to the ability of Federal civilian agencies to perform their functions and should be viewed in light of the need for effective performance of duty by each member of the armed forces. "(b) The purpose of this Act [enacting this section] is to promote the readiness of the armed forces to defend the United States." -End- -CITE- 10 USC Sec. 977 01/03/2007 -EXPCITE- TITLE 10 - ARMED FORCES Subtitle A - General Military Law PART II - PERSONNEL CHAPTER 49 - MISCELLANEOUS PROHIBITIONS AND PENALTIES -HEAD- Sec. 977. Repealed. -MISC1- [Sec. 977. Repealed. Pub. L. 108-375, div. A, title VI, Sec. 651(e)(1), Oct. 28, 2004, 118 Stat. 1972]. Section, added Pub. L. 103-160, div. A, title III, Sec. 351(a), Nov. 30, 1993, 107 Stat. 1626; amended Pub. L. 105-85, div. A, title X, Sec. 1073(a)(16), Nov. 18, 1997, 111 Stat. 1901; Pub. L. 106-65, div. A, title X, Sec. 1066(a)(6), Oct. 5, 1999, 113 Stat. 770, related to prohibition of assignment of active duty members to operation of commissary stores. A prior section, added Pub. L. 96-342, title X, Sec. 1002(a), Sept. 8, 1980, 94 Stat. 1119; amended Pub. L. 97-22, Sec. 11(a)(1), July 10, 1981, 95 Stat. 137, provided that no one who originally enlisted after Sept. 7, 1980, in a regular armed services component and failed to serve at least 24 months of such enlistment would be eligible for Federal benefits otherwise receivable because of active service under such enlistment, except that such exclusion was not applicable to one discharged under section 1173 of chapter 61 of this title or to one later proved to be suffering from a disability resulting from an injury or disease incurred during enlistment, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 97-306, title IV, Sec. 408(c)(1), Oct. 14, 1982, 96 Stat. 1446. See section 5303A of Title 38, Veterans' Benefits, and provisions set out as notes under that section. -End- -CITE- 10 USC Sec. 978 01/03/2007 -EXPCITE- TITLE 10 - ARMED FORCES Subtitle A - General Military Law PART II - PERSONNEL CHAPTER 49 - MISCELLANEOUS PROHIBITIONS AND PENALTIES -HEAD- Sec. 978. Drug and alcohol abuse and dependency: testing of new entrants -STATUTE- (a)(1) The Secretary concerned shall require that, except as provided under paragraph (2), each person applying for an original enlistment or appointment in the armed forces shall be required, before becoming a member of the armed forces, to - (A) undergo testing (by practicable, scientifically supported means) for drug and alcohol use; and (B) be evaluated for drug and alcohol dependency. (2) The Secretary concerned may provide that, in lieu of undergoing the testing and evaluation described in paragraph (1) before becoming a member of the armed forces, a member of the armed forces under the Secretary's jurisdiction may be administered that testing and evaluation after the member's initial entry on active duty. In any such case, the testing and evaluation shall be carried out within 72 hours of the member's initial entry on active duty. (3) The Secretary concerned shall require an applicant for appointment as a cadet or midshipman to undergo the testing and evaluation described in paragraph (1) within 72 hours of such appointment. The Secretary concerned shall require a person to whom a commission is offered under section 2106 of this title following completion of the program of advanced training under the Reserve Officers' Training Corps program to undergo such testing and evaluation before such an appointment is executed. (b) A person who refuses to consent to testing and evaluation required by subsection (a) may not (unless that person subsequently consents to such testing and evaluation) - (1) be accepted for an original enlistment in the armed forces or given an original appointment as an officer in the armed forces; or (2) if such person is already a member of the armed forces, be retained in the armed forces. An original appointment of any such person as an officer shall be terminated. (c)(1) A person determined, as the result of testing conducted under subsection (a)(1), to be dependent on drugs or alcohol shall be denied entrance into the armed forces. (2) The enlistment or appointment of a person who is determined, as a result of an evaluation conducted under subsection (a)(2), to be dependent on drugs or alcohol at the time of such enlistment or appointment shall be void. (3) A person who is denied entrance into the armed forces under paragraph (1), or whose enlistment or appointment is voided under paragraph (2), shall be referred to a civilian treatment facility. (4) The Secretary concerned may place on excess leave any member of the armed forces whose test results under subsection (a)(2) are positive for drug or alcohol use. The Secretary may continue such member's status on excess leave pending disposition of the member's case and processing for administrative separation. (d) The testing and evaluation required by subsection (a) shall be carried out under regulations prescribed by the Secretary of Defense in consultation with the Secretary of Homeland Security. Those regulations shall apply uniformly throughout the armed forces. (e) In time of war, or time of emergency declared by Congress or the President, the President may suspend the provisions of subsection (a). -SOURCE- (Added Pub. L. 97-295, Sec. 1(14)(A), Oct. 12, 1982, 96 Stat. 1289; amended Pub. L. 100-180, div. A, title V, Sec. 513(a)(1), Dec. 4, 1987, 101 Stat. 1091; Pub. L. 100-456, div. A, title V, Sec. 521(a)(1), Sept. 29, 1988, 102 Stat. 1972; Pub. L. 101-189, div. A, title V, Sec. 513(a)-(c), Nov. 29, 1989, 103 Stat. 1440; Pub. L. 101-510, div. A, title XIV, Sec. 1484(k)(4), Nov. 5, 1990, 104 Stat. 1719; Pub. L. 103-160, div. A, title V, Sec. 572, Nov. 30, 1993, 107 Stat. 1673; Pub. L. 107-296, title XVII, Sec. 1704(b)(1), Nov. 25, 2002, 116 Stat. 2314.) -MISC1- HISTORICAL AND REVISION NOTES -------------------------------------------------------------------- Revised Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at section Large) -------------------------------------------------------------------- 978 10:1071 (note). Sept. 28, 1971, Pub. L. 92-129, Sec. 501(a)(2), (b), 85 Stat. 361. -------------------------------------------------------------------- The word "regulations" is added for consistency. The word "persons" is omitted as surplus. The word "person" is substituted for "individuals" for consistency. The text of subsection (b) is omitted as executed. AMENDMENTS 2002 - Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 107-296 substituted "of Homeland Security" for "of Transportation". 1993 - Subsec. (a)(3). Pub. L. 103-160 substituted "within 72 hours of such appointment" for "during the physical examination given the applicant before such appointment" and "before such an appointment is executed" for "during the precommissioning physical examination given such person". 1990 - Subsec. (c)(3). Pub. L. 101-510 struck out "a" before "whose enlistment". 1989 - Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 101-189, Sec. 513(a)(2), added par. (1) and struck out former par. (1) which read as follows: "Except as provided in paragraph (2), the Secretary concerned shall require each member of the armed forces under the Secretary's jurisdiction, within 72 hours after the member's initial entry on active duty after enlistment or appointment, to - "(A) undergo testing (by practicable, scientifically supported means) for drug and alcohol use; and "(B) be evaluated for drug and alcohol dependency." Subsec. (a)(2), (3). Pub. L. 101-189, Sec. 513(a), added par. (2) and redesignated former par. (2) as (3). Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 101-189, Sec. 513(b)(1), amended subsec. (b) generally. Prior to amendment, subsec. (b) read as follows: "A person who refuses to consent to testing and evaluation required by subsection (a) may not be retained in the armed forces, and any original appointment of such person as an officer shall be terminated, unless that person consents to such testing and evaluation." Subsec. (c)(1). Pub. L. 101-189, Sec. 513(b)(2)(B), added par. (1). Former par. (1) redesignated (2). Subsec. (c)(2). Pub. L. 101-189, Sec. 513(b)(2)(A), (C), redesignated par. (1) as (2) and substituted "subsection (a)(2)" for "subsection (a)(1)(B)". Former par. (2) redesignated (3). Subsec. (c)(3). Pub. L. 101-189, Sec. 513(b)(2)(A), (D), redesignated par. (2) as (3), inserted "who is denied entrance into the armed forces under paragraph (1), or a" after "A person", and substituted "paragraph (2)," for "paragraph (1)". Subsec. (c)(4). Pub. L. 101-189, Sec. 513(c), added par. (4). 1988 - Pub. L. 100-456 substituted "Drug and alcohol abuse and dependency: testing of new entrants" for "Mandatory testing for drug, chemical, and alcohol abuse" in section catchline, and amended text generally. Prior to amendment, text read as follows: "(a) Before a person becomes a member of the armed forces, such person shall be required to undergo testing for drug, chemical, and alcohol use and dependency. "(b) A person who refuses to consent to testing required by subsection (a) may not be accepted for an original enlistment in the armed forces or given an original appointment as an officer in the armed forces unless that person consents to such testing. "(c) A person determined, as the result of testing conducted under subsection (a), to be dependent on drugs, chemicals, or alcohol shall be - "(1) denied entrance into the armed forces; and "(2) referred to a civilian treatment facility. "(d) The testing required by subsection (a) shall be carried out under regulations prescribed by the Secretary of Defense in consultation with the Secretary of Transportation. Those regulations shall apply uniformly throughout the armed forces." 1987 - Pub. L. 100-180 substituted "Mandatory testing for drug, chemical, and alcohol abuse" for "Denial of entrance into the armed forces of persons dependent on drugs or alcohol" in section catchline, and amended text generally, revising and restating as subsecs. (a) to (d) provisions formerly contained in subsecs. (a) and (b). EFFECTIVE DATE OF 2002 AMENDMENT Amendment by Pub. L. 107-296 effective on the date of transfer of the Coast Guard to the Department of Homeland Security, see section 1704(g) of Pub. L. 107-296, set out as a note under section 101 of this title. EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1989 AMENDMENT Section 513(d) of Pub. L. 101-189 provided that: "The amendments made by subsections (a) and (b) [amending this section] shall take effect as of October 1, 1989." REGULATIONS; IMPLEMENTATION OF PROGRAM Section 521(b), (c) of Pub. L. 100-456 provided that: "(b) Regulations. - The Secretary of Defense shall prescribe regulations for the implementation of section 978 of title 10, United States Code, as amended by subsection (a), not later than 60 days after the date of the enactment of this Act [Sept. 29, 1988]. "(c) Effective Date. - The testing and evaluation program prescribed by that section shall be implemented not later than October 1, 1989." IMPLEMENTATION Section 513(b) of Pub. L. 100-180, as amended by Pub. L. 100-456, div. A, title V, Sec. 521(d), Sept. 29, 1988, 102 Stat. 1973, provided that: "(1) The Secretary of Defense shall prescribe regulations for the implementation of section 978 of title 10, United States Code, as amended by subsection (a), not later than 45 days after the date of the enactment of this Act [Dec. 4, 1987]. "(2) [Repealed. Pub. L. 100-456, div. A, title V, Sec. 521(d), Sept. 29, 1988, 102 Stat. 1973]." -End- -CITE- 10 USC Sec. 979 01/03/2007 -EXPCITE- TITLE 10 - ARMED FORCES Subtitle A - General Military Law PART II - PERSONNEL CHAPTER 49 - MISCELLANEOUS PROHIBITIONS AND PENALTIES -HEAD- Sec. 979. Prohibition on loan and grant assistance to persons convicted of certain crimes -STATUTE- Funds appropriated to the Department of Defense may not be used to provide a loan, a guarantee of a loan, or a grant to any person who has been convicted by a court of general jurisdiction of any crime which involves the use of (or assisting others in the use of) force, trespass, or the seizure of property under the control of an institution of higher education to prevent officials or students of the institution from engaging in their duties or pursuing their studies. -SOURCE- (Added Pub. L. 98-525, title XIV, Sec. 1401(c)(1), Oct. 19, 1984, 98 Stat. 2615.) -MISC1- PRIOR PROVISIONS Provisions similar to those in this section were contained in the following appropriation acts: Pub. L. 98-473, title I, Sec. 101(h) [title VIII, Sec. 8027], Oct. 12, 1984, 98 Stat. 1904, 1928. Pub. L. 98-212, title VII, Sec. 732, Dec. 8, 1983, 97 Stat. 1444. Pub. L. 97-377, title I, Sec. 101(c) [title VII, Sec. 735], Dec. 21, 1982, 96 Stat. 1833, 1856. Pub. L. 97-114, title VII, Sec. 736, Dec. 29, 1981, 95 Stat. 1585. Pub. L. 96-527, title VII, Sec. 737, Dec. 15, 1980, 94 Stat. 3087. Pub. L. 96-154, title VII, Sec. 739, Dec. 21, 1979, 93 Stat. 1159. Pub. L. 95-457, title VIII, Sec. 839, Oct. 13, 1978, 92 Stat. 1250. Pub. L. 95-111, title VIII, Sec. 838, Sept. 21, 1977, 91 Stat. 906. Pub. L. 94-419, title VII, Sec. 737, Sept. 22, 1976, 90 Stat. 1297. Pub. L. 94-212, title VII, Sec. 737, Feb. 9, 1976, 90 Stat. 175. Pub. L. 93-437, title VIII, Sec. 838, Oct. 8, 1974, 88 Stat. 1231. Pub. L. 93-238, title VII, Sec. 740, Jan. 2, 1974, 87 Stat. 1045. Pub. L. 92-570, title VII, Sec. 740, Oct. 26, 1972, 86 Stat. 1203. Pub. L. 92-204, title VII, Sec. 741, Dec. 18, 1971, 85 Stat. 734. Pub. L. 91-668, title VIII, Sec. 841, Jan. 11, 1971, 84 Stat. 2037. Pub. L. 91-171, title VI, Sec. 641, Dec. 29, 1969, 83 Stat. 486. Pub. L. 90-580, title V, Sec. 540, Oct. 17, 1968, 82 Stat. 1136. EFFECTIVE DATE Section effective Oct. 1, 1985, see section 1404 of Pub. L. 98- 525, set out as a note under section 520b of this title. -End- -CITE- 10 USC Sec. 980 01/03/2007 -EXPCITE- TITLE 10 - ARMED FORCES Subtitle A - General Military Law PART II - PERSONNEL CHAPTER 49 - MISCELLANEOUS PROHIBITIONS AND PENALTIES -HEAD- Sec. 980. Limitation on use of humans as experimental subjects -STATUTE- (a) Funds appropriated to the Department of Defense may not be used for research involving a human being as an experimental subject unless - (1) the informed consent of the subject is obtained in advance; or (2) in the case of research intended to be beneficial to the subject, the informed consent of the subject or a legal representative of the subject is obtained in advance. (b) The Secretary of Defense may waive the prohibition in this section with respect to a specific research project to advance the development of a medical product necessary to the armed forces if the research project may directly benefit the subject and is carried out in accordance with all other applicable laws. -SOURCE- (Added Pub. L. 98-525, title XIV, Sec. 1401(c)(1), Oct. 19, 1984, 98 Stat. 2615; amended Pub. L. 107-107, div. A, title VII, Sec. 733, Dec. 28, 2001, 115 Stat. 1170.) -MISC1- PRIOR PROVISIONS Provisions similar to those in this section were contained in the following appropriation acts: Pub. L. 98-473, title I, Sec. 101(h) [title VIII, Sec. 8029], Oct. 12, 1984, 98 Stat. 1904, 1929. Pub. L. 98-212, title VII, Sec. 734, Dec. 8, 1983, 97 Stat. 1444. Pub. L. 97-377, title I, Sec. 101(c) [title VII, Sec. 737], Dec. 21, 1982, 96 Stat. 1833, 1857. Pub. L. 97-114, title VII, Sec. 738, Dec. 29, 1981, 95 Stat. 1585. Pub. L. 96-527, title VII, Sec. 739, Dec. 15, 1980, 94 Stat. 3088. Pub. L. 96-154, title VII, Sec. 741, Dec. 21, 1979, 93 Stat. 1159. Pub. L. 95-457, title VIII, Sec. 841, Oct. 13, 1978, 92 Stat. 1251. Pub. L. 95-111, title VIII, Sec. 840, Sept. 21, 1977, 91 Stat. 906. Pub. L. 94-419, title VII, Sec. 739, Sept. 22, 1976, 90 Stat. 1297. Pub. L. 94-212, title VII, Sec. 740, Feb. 9, 1976, 90 Stat. 175. Pub. L. 93-437, title VIII, Sec. 841, Oct. 8, 1974, 88 Stat. 1231. Pub. L. 93-238, title VII, Sec. 743, Jan. 2, 1974, 87 Stat. 1045. Pub. L. 92-570, title VII, Sec. 745, Oct. 26, 1972, 86 Stat. 1203. AMENDMENTS 2001 - Pub. L. 107-107 designated existing provisions as subsec. (a) and added subsec. (b). EFFECTIVE DATE Section effective Oct. 1, 1985, see section 1404 of Pub. L. 98- 525, set out as a note under section 520b of this title. -End- -CITE- 10 USC Sec. 981 01/03/2007 -EXPCITE- TITLE 10 - ARMED FORCES Subtitle A - General Military Law PART II - PERSONNEL CHAPTER 49 - MISCELLANEOUS PROHIBITIONS AND PENALTIES -HEAD- Sec. 981. Limitation on number of enlisted aides -STATUTE- (a) Subject to subsection (b), the total number of enlisted members that may be assigned or otherwise detailed to duty as enlisted aides on the personal staffs of officers of the Army, Navy, Marine Corps, Air Force, and Coast Guard (when operating as a service of the Navy) during a fiscal year is the number equal to the sum of (1) four times the number of officers serving on active duty at the end of the preceding fiscal year in the grade of general or admiral, and (2) two times the number of officers serving on active duty at the end of the preceding fiscal year in the grade of lieutenant general or vice admiral. (b) Not more than 300 enlisted members may be assigned to duty at any time as enlisted aides for officers of the Army, Navy, Air Force, and Marine Corps. -SOURCE- (Added Pub. L. 98-525, title XIV, Sec. 1401(c)(1), Oct. 19, 1984, 98 Stat. 2615.) -MISC1- PRIOR PROVISIONS Provisions similar to those in subsec. (a) of this section were contained in Pub. L. 94-106, title VIII, Sec. 820(a), Oct. 7, 1975, 89 Stat. 544, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 98-525, Secs. 1403(c), 1404, eff. Oct. 1, 1985. Provisions similar to those in subsec. (b) of this section were contained in the following appropriation acts: Pub. L. 98-473, title I, Sec. 101(h) [title VIII, Sec. 8034], Oct. 12, 1984, 98 Stat. 1904, 1930. Pub. L. 98-212, title VII, Sec. 742, Dec. 8, 1983, 97 Stat. 1446. Pub. L. 97-377, title I, Sec. 101(c) [title VII, Sec. 745], Dec. 21, 1982, 96 Stat. 1833, 1858. Pub. L. 97-114, title VII, Sec. 746, Dec. 29, 1981, 95 Stat. 1586. Pub. L. 96-527, title VII, Sec. 747, Dec. 15, 1980, 94 Stat. 3089. Pub. L. 96-154, title VII, Sec. 748, Dec. 21, 1979, 93 Stat. 1160. Pub. L. 95-457, title VIII, Sec. 848, Oct. 13, 1978, 92 Stat. 1252. Pub. L. 95-111, title VIII, Sec. 849, Sept. 21, 1977, 91 Stat. 908. Pub. L. 94-419, title VII, Sec. 748, Sept. 22, 1976, 90 Stat. 1299. Pub. L. 94-212, title VII, Sec. 745, Feb. 9, 1976, 90 Stat. 175. Pub. L. 93-437, title VIII, Sec. 848, Oct. 8, 1974, 88 Stat. 1232. EFFECTIVE DATE Section effective Oct. 1, 1985, see section 1404 of Pub. L. 98- 525, set out as a note under section 520b of this title. -TRANS- TRANSFER OF FUNCTIONS For transfer of authorities, functions, personnel, and assets of the Coast Guard, including the authorities and functions of the Secretary of Transportation relating thereto, to the Department of Homeland Security, and for treatment of related references, see sections 468(b), 551(d), 552(d), and 557 of Title 6, Domestic Security, and the Department of Homeland Security Reorganization Plan of November 25, 2002, as modified, set out as a note under section 542 of Title 6. -End- -CITE- 10 USC Sec. 982 01/03/2007 -EXPCITE- TITLE 10 - ARMED FORCES Subtitle A - General Military Law PART II - PERSONNEL CHAPTER 49 - MISCELLANEOUS PROHIBITIONS AND PENALTIES -HEAD- Sec. 982. Members: service on State and local juries -STATUTE- (a) A member of the armed forces on active duty may not be required to serve on a State or local jury if the Secretary concerned determines that such service - (1) would unreasonably interfere with the performance of the member's military duties; or (2) would adversely affect the readiness of the unit, command, or activity to which the member is assigned. (b) A determination by the Secretary concerned under this section is conclusive. (c) The Secretary concerned shall prescribe regulations for the administration of this section. (d) In this section, the term "State" includes the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, and each territory of the United States. -SOURCE- (Added Pub. L. 99-661, div. A, title V, Sec. 502(a), Nov. 14, 1986, 100 Stat. 3863.) -End- -CITE- 10 USC Sec. 983 01/03/2007 -EXPCITE- TITLE 10 - ARMED FORCES Subtitle A - General Military Law PART II - PERSONNEL CHAPTER 49 - MISCELLANEOUS PROHIBITIONS AND PENALTIES -HEAD- Sec. 983. Institutions of higher education that prevent ROTC access or military recruiting on campus: denial of grants and contracts from Department of Defense, Department of Education, and certain other departments and agencies -STATUTE- (a) Denial of Funds for Preventing ROTC Access to Campus. - No funds described in subsection (d)(1) may be provided by contract or by grant to an institution of higher education (including any subelement of such institution) if the Secretary of Defense determines that that institution (or any subelement of that institution) has a policy or practice (regardless of when implemented) that either prohibits, or in effect prevents - (1) the Secretary of a military department from maintaining, establishing, or operating a unit of the Senior Reserve Officer Training Corps (in accordance with section 654 of this title and other applicable Federal laws) at that institution (or any subelement of that institution); or (2) a student at that institution (or any subelement of that institution) from enrolling in a unit of the Senior Reserve Officer Training Corps at another institution of higher education. (b) Denial of Funds for Preventing Military Recruiting on Campus. - No funds described in subsection (d)(1) may be provided by contract or by grant to an institution of higher education (including any subelement of such institution) if the Secretary of Defense determines that that institution (or any subelement of that institution) has a policy or practice (regardless of when implemented) that either prohibits, or in effect prevents - (1) the Secretary of a military department or Secretary of Homeland Security from gaining access to campuses, or access to students (who are 17 years of age or older) on campuses, for purposes of military recruiting in a manner that is at least equal in quality and scope to the access to campuses and to students that is provided to any other employer; or (2) access by military recruiters for purposes of military recruiting to the following information pertaining to students (who are 17 years of age or older) enrolled at that institution (or any subelement of that institution): (A) Names, addresses, and telephone listings. (B) Date and place of birth, levels of education, academic majors, degrees received, and the most recent educational institution enrolled in by the student. (c) Exceptions. - The limitation established in subsection (a) or (b) shall not apply to an institution of higher education (or any subelement of that institution) if the Secretary of Defense determines that - (1) the institution (and each subelement of that institution) has ceased the policy or practice described in that subsection; or (2) the institution of higher education involved has a longstanding policy of pacifism based on historical religious affiliation. (d) Covered Funds. - (1) Except as provided in paragraph (2), the limitations established in subsections (a) and (b) apply to the following: (A) Any funds made available for the Department of Defense. (B) Any funds made available for any department or agency for which regular appropriations are made in a Departments of Labor, Health and Human Services, and Education, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act. (C) Any funds made available for the Department of Homeland Security. (D) Any funds made available for the National Nuclear Security Administration of the Department of Energy. (E) Any funds made available for the Department of Transportation. (F) Any funds made available for the Central Intelligence Agency. (2) Any Federal funding specified in paragraph (1) that is provided to an institution of higher education, or to an individual, to be available solely for student financial assistance, related administrative costs, or costs associated with attendance, may be used for the purpose for which the funding is provided. (e) Notice of Determinations. - Whenever the Secretary of Defense makes a determination under subsection (a), (b), or (c), the Secretary - (1) shall transmit a notice of the determination to the Secretary of Education, to the head of each other department and agency the funds of which are subject to the determination, and to Congress; and (2) shall publish in the Federal Register a notice of the determination and the effect of the determination on the eligibility of the institution of higher education (and any subelement of that institution) for contracts and grants. (f) Semiannual Notice in Federal Register. - The Secretary of Defense shall publish in the Federal Register once every six months a list of each institution of higher education that is currently ineligible for contracts and grants by reason of a determination of the Secretary under subsection (a) or (b). -SOURCE- (Added Pub. L. 104-106, div. A, title V, Sec. 541(a), Feb. 10, 1996, 110 Stat. 315; amended Pub. L. 106-65, div. A, title V, Sec. 549(a)(1), Oct. 5, 1999, 113 Stat. 609; Pub. L. 107-296, title XVII, Sec. 1704(b)(1), (3), Nov. 25, 2002, 116 Stat. 2314; Pub. L. 108-375, div. A, title V, Sec. 552(a)-(d), Oct. 28, 2004, 118 Stat. 1911, 1912.) -MISC1- PRIOR PROVISIONS Provisions similar to those in this section were contained in Pub. L. 103-337, div. A, title V, Sec. 558, Oct. 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 2776, as amended, and Pub. L. 104-208, div. A, title I, Sec. 101(e) [title V, Sec. 514], Sept. 30, 1996, 110 Stat. 3009-233, 3009-270, which were set out as notes under section 503 of this title, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 106-65, Sec. 549(b). AMENDMENTS 2004 - Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 108-375, Sec. 552(d), struck out "(including a grant of funds to be available for student aid)" after "by grant" in introductory provisions. Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 108-375, Sec. 552(b)(2)(A), (d), in introductory provisions, substituted "subsection (d)(1)" for "subsection (d)(2)" and struck out "(including a grant of funds to be available for student aid)" after "by grant". Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 108-375, Sec. 552(a), substituted "access to campuses" for "entry to campuses" and inserted before semicolon "in a manner that is at least equal in quality and scope to the access to campuses and to students that is provided to any other employer". Subsec. (d)(1). Pub. L. 108-375, Sec. 552(b)(1)(A)(i), (c)(1), in introductory provisions, substituted "Except as provided in paragraph (2), the" for "The" and "limitations established in subsections (a) and (b) apply" for "limitation established in subsection (a) applies". Subsec. (d)(1)(B). Pub. L. 108-375, Sec. 552(b)(1)(A)(ii), inserted "for any department or agency for which regular appropriations are made" after "made available". Subsec. (d)(1)(C) to (F). Pub. L. 108-375, Sec. 552(b)(1)(A)(iii), added subpars. (C) to (F). Subsec. (d)(2). Pub. L. 108-375, Sec. 552(b)(1)(B), (c)(2), added par. (2) and struck out former par. (2) which read as follows: "The limitation established in subsection (b) applies to the following: "(A) Funds described in paragraph (1). "(B) Any funds made available for the Department of Homeland Security." Subsec. (e)(1). Pub. L. 108-375, Sec. 552(b)(2)(B), inserted ", to the head of each other department and agency the funds of which are subject to the determination," after "Secretary of Education". 2002 - Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 107-296, Sec. 1704(b)(1), substituted "Secretary of Homeland Security" for "Secretary of Transportation". Subsec. (d)(2)(B). Pub. L. 107-296, Sec. 1704(b)(3), substituted "Department of Homeland Security" for "Department of Transportation". 1999 - Pub. L. 106-65 amended section catchline and text generally. Prior to amendment, section consisted of subsecs. (a) to (d) relating to denial of Department of Defense grants and contracts to institutions of higher education that have anti-ROTC policies. EFFECTIVE DATE OF 2004 AMENDMENT Pub. L. 108-375, div. A, title V, Sec. 552(f), Oct. 28, 2004, 118 Stat. 1912, provided that: "The amendments made by this section [amending this section and repealing provisions set out as a note under this section] shall apply with respect to funds appropriated for fiscal year 2005 and thereafter." EFFECTIVE DATE OF 2002 AMENDMENT Amendment by Pub. L. 107-296 effective on the date of transfer of the Coast Guard to the Department of Homeland Security, see section 1704(g) of Pub. L. 107-296, set out as a note under section 101 of this title. FUNDS AVAILABLE SOLELY FOR STUDENT FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE Pub. L. 106-79, title VIII, Sec. 8120, Oct. 25, 1999, 113 Stat. 1260, provided that during fiscal year 2000 and thereafter, any Federal grant of funds to an institution of higher education to be available solely for student financial assistance or related administrative costs could be used for the purpose for which the grant was made without regard to any provision to the contrary in section 101(e) [title V, Sec. 514] of Pub. L. 104-208 (formerly 10 U.S.C. 503 note), or section 983 of this title, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 108-375, div. A, title V, Sec. 552(e), Oct. 28, 2004, 118 Stat. 1912. -End- -CITE- 10 USC Sec. 985 01/03/2007 -EXPCITE- TITLE 10 - ARMED FORCES Subtitle A - General Military Law PART II - PERSONNEL CHAPTER 49 - MISCELLANEOUS PROHIBITIONS AND PENALTIES -HEAD- Sec. 985. Persons convicted of capital crimes; certain other persons: denial of specified burial-related benefits -STATUTE- (a) Prohibition of Performance of Military Honors. - The Secretary of a military department and the Secretary of Homeland Security, with respect to the Coast Guard when it is not operating as a service in the Navy, may not provide military honors (under section 1491 of this title or any other authority) at the funeral or burial of any of the following persons: (1) A person described in section 2411(b) of title 38. (2) A person who is a veteran (as defined in section 1491(h) of this title) or who died while on active duty or a member of a reserve component, when the circumstances surrounding the person's death or other circumstances as specified by the Secretary of Defense are such that to provide military honors at the funeral or burial of the person would bring discredit upon the person's service (or former service). (b) Disqualification From Burial in Military Cemeteries. - A person who is ineligible for interment in a national cemetery under the control of the National Cemetery Administration by reason of section 2411(b) of title 38 is not entitled to or eligible for, and may not be provided, burial in - (1) Arlington National Cemetery; (2) the Soldiers' and Airmen's National Cemetery; or (3) any other cemetery administered by the Secretary of a military department or the Secretary of Defense. (c) Definition. - In this section, the term "burial" includes inurnment. -SOURCE- (Added Pub. L. 105-85, div. A, title X, Sec. 1077(a)(1), Nov. 18, 1997, 111 Stat. 1914; amended Pub. L. 107-296, title XVII, Sec. 1704(b)(1), Nov. 25, 2002, 116 Stat. 2314; Pub. L. 109-163, div. A, title VI, Sec. 662(b)(1)-(3), (c)(1), Jan. 6, 2006, 119 Stat. 3315.) -MISC1- AMENDMENTS 2006 - Pub. L. 109-163, Sec. 662(c)(1), substituted "Persons convicted of capital crimes; certain other persons: denial of specified burial-related benefits" for "Persons convicted of capital crimes: denial of certain burial-related benefits" in section catchline. Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 109-163, Sec. 662(b)(1)(B), substituted "any of the following persons:" for "a person who has been convicted of a capital offense under Federal or State law for which the person was sentenced to death or life imprisonment without parole." and added pars. (1) and (2). Pub. L. 109-163, Sec. 662(b)(1)(A), inserted "(under section 1491 of this title or any other authority)" after "military honors". Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 109-163, Sec. 662(b)(2), in introductory provisions, substituted "who is ineligible for interment in a national cemetery under the control of the National Cemetery Administration by reason of section 2411(b) of title 38" for "convicted of a capital offense under Federal law". Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 109-163, Sec. 662(b)(3), amended heading and text of subsec. (c) generally. Prior to amendment, text read as follows: "In this section: "(1) The term 'capital offense' means an offense for which the death penalty may be imposed. "(2) The term 'burial' includes inurnment. "(3) The term 'State' includes the District of Columbia and any commonwealth or territory of the United States." 2002 - Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 107-296 substituted "of Homeland Security" for "of Transportation". EFFECTIVE DATE OF 2006 AMENDMENT Pub. L. 109-163, div. A, title VI, Sec. 662(e), Jan. 6, 2006, 119 Stat. 3316, provided that: "The amendments made by this section [amending this section, section 1491 of this title, and section 2411 of Title 38, Veterans' Benefits and enacting provisions set out as notes under this section and section 2411 of Title 38] shall apply with respect to funerals and burials that occur on or after the date of the enactment of this Act [Jan. 6, 2006]." EFFECTIVE DATE OF 2002 AMENDMENT Amendment by Pub. L. 107-296 effective on the date of transfer of the Coast Guard to the Department of Homeland Security, see section 1704(g) of Pub. L. 107-296, set out as a note under section 101 of this title. EFFECTIVE DATE Section 1077(b) of Pub. L. 105-85 provided that: "Section 985 of title 10, United States Code, as added by subsection (a), applies with respect to persons dying after January 1, 1997." REGULATIONS Pub. L. 109-163, div. A, title VI, Sec. 662(d)(2), Jan. 6, 2006, 119 Stat. 3316, provided that: "The Secretary of Defense shall prescribe regulations to ensure that a person is not interred in any military cemetery under the authority of the Secretary of a military department or provided funeral honors under section 1491 of title 10, United States Code, unless a good faith effort has been made to determine whether such person is ineligible for such interment or honors by reason of being a person described in section 2411(b) of title 38, United States Code, or is otherwise ineligible for such interment or honors under Federal law." -End- -CITE- 10 USC Sec. 986 01/03/2007 -EXPCITE- TITLE 10 - ARMED FORCES Subtitle A - General Military Law PART II - PERSONNEL CHAPTER 49 - MISCELLANEOUS PROHIBITIONS AND PENALTIES -HEAD- Sec. 986. Security clearances: limitations -STATUTE- (a) Prohibition. - After October 30, 2000, the Department of Defense may not grant or renew a security clearance for a person to whom this section applies who is described in subsection (c). (b) Covered Persons. - This section applies to the following persons: (1) An officer or employee of the Department of Defense. (2) A member of the Army, Navy, Air Force, or Marine Corps who is on active duty or is in an active status. (3) An officer or employee of a contractor of the Department of Defense. (c) Persons Disqualified From Being Granted Security Clearances. - A person is described in this subsection if any of the following applies to that person: (1) The person has been convicted in any court of the United States of a crime, was sentenced to imprisonment for a term exceeding one year, and was incarcerated as a result of that sentence for not less than one year. (2) The person is an unlawful user of, or is addicted to, a controlled substance (as defined in section 102 of the Controlled Substances Act (21 U.S.C. 802)). (3) The person is mentally incompetent, as determined by a mental health professional approved by the Department of Defense. (4) The person has been discharged or dismissed from the Armed Forces under dishonorable conditions. (d) Waiver Authority. - In a meritorious case, an exception to the prohibition in subsection (a) may be authorized for a person described in paragraph (1) or (4) of subsection (c) if there are mitigating factors. Any such waiver may be authorized only in accordance with standards and procedures prescribed by, or under the authority of, an Executive order or other guidance issued by the President. (e) Annual Report. - Not later than February 1 each year, the Secretary of Defense shall submit to the Committees on Armed Services of the Senate and House of Representatives a report identifying each waiver issued under subsection (d) during the preceding year with an explanation for each case of the disqualifying factor in subsection (c) that applied, and the reason for the waiver of the disqualification. -SOURCE- (Added Pub. L. 106-398, Sec. 1 [[div. A], title X, Sec. 1071(a)], Oct. 30, 2000, 114 Stat. 1654, 1654A-275; amended Pub. L. 107-107, div. A, title X, Sec. 1048(c)(3), Dec. 28, 2001, 115 Stat. 1226; Pub. L. 108-375, div. A, title X, Sec. 1062, Oct. 28, 2004, 118 Stat. 2056.) -MISC1- AMENDMENTS 2004 - Subsec. (c)(1). Pub. L. 108-375, Sec. 1062(a), substituted ", was sentenced" for "and sentenced" and inserted before period at end ", and was incarcerated as a result of that sentence for not less than one year". Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 108-375, Sec. 1062(b), reenacted heading without change and amended text generally. Prior to amendment, text read as follows: "In a meritorious case, the Secretary of Defense or the Secretary of the military department concerned may authorize an exception to the prohibition in subsection (a) for a person described in paragraph (1) or (4) of subsection (c). The authority under the preceding sentence may not be delegated." 2001 - Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 107-107 substituted "October 30, 2000," for "the date of the enactment of this section,". -End- -CITE- 10 USC Sec. 987 01/03/2007 -EXPCITE- TITLE 10 - ARMED FORCES Subtitle A - General Military Law PART II - PERSONNEL CHAPTER 49 - MISCELLANEOUS PROHIBITIONS AND PENALTIES -HEAD- Sec. 987. Terms of consumer credit extended to members and dependents: limitations -STATUTE- (a) Interest. - A creditor who extends consumer credit to a covered member of the armed forces or a dependent of such a member shall not require the member or dependent to pay interest with respect to the extension of such credit, except as - (1) agreed to under the terms of the credit agreement or promissory note; (2) authorized by applicable State or Federal law; and (3) not specifically prohibited by this section. (b) Annual Percentage Rate. - A creditor described in subsection (a) may not impose an annual percentage rate of interest greater than 36 percent with respect to the consumer credit extended to a covered member or a dependent of a covered member. (c) Mandatory Loan Disclosures. - (1) Information required. - With respect to any extension of consumer credit (including any consumer credit originated or extended through the internet) to a covered member or a dependent of a covered member, a creditor shall provide to the member or dependent the following information orally and in writing before the issuance of the credit: (A) A statement of the annual percentage rate of interest applicable to the extension of credit. (B) Any disclosures required under the Truth in Lending Act (15 U.S.C. 1601 et seq.). (C) A clear description of the payment obligations of the member or dependent, as applicable. (2) Terms. - Such disclosures shall be presented in accordance with terms prescribed by the regulations issued by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System to implement the Truth in Lending Act (15 U.S.C. 1601 et seq.). (d) Preemption. - (1) Inconsistent laws. - Except as provided in subsection (f)(2), this section preempts any State or Federal law, rule, or regulation, including any State usury law, to the extent that such law, rule, or regulation is inconsistent with this section, except that this section shall not preempt any such law, rule, or regulation that provides protection to a covered member or a dependent of such a member in addition to the protection provided by this section. (2) Different treatment under state law of members and dependents prohibited. - States shall not - (A) authorize creditors to charge covered members and their dependents annual percentage rates of interest for loans higher than the legal limit for residents of the State; or (B) permit violation or waiver of any State consumer lending protections for the benefit of residents of the State on the basis of nonresident or military status of a covered member or dependent of such a member, regardless of the member's or dependent's domicile or permanent home of record. (e) Limitations. - It shall be unlawful for any creditor to extend consumer credit to a covered member or a dependent of such a member with respect to which - (1) the creditor rolls over, renews, repays, refinances, or consolidates any consumer credit extended to the borrower by the same creditor with the proceeds of other credit extended to the same covered member or a dependent; (2) the borrower is required to waive the borrower's right to legal recourse under any otherwise applicable provision of State or Federal law, including any provision of the Servicemembers Civil Relief Act; (3) the creditor requires the borrower to submit to arbitration or imposes onerous legal notice provisions in the case of a dispute; (4) the creditor demands unreasonable notice from the borrower as a condition for legal action; (5) the creditor uses a check or other method of access to a deposit, savings, or other financial account maintained by the borrower, or the title of a vehicle as security for the obligation; (6) the creditor requires as a condition for the extension of credit that the borrower establish an allotment to repay an obligation; or (7) the borrower is prohibited from prepaying the loan or is charged a penalty or fee for prepaying all or part of the loan. (f) Penalties and Remedies. - (1) Misdemeanor. - A creditor who knowingly violates this section shall be fined as provided in title 18, or imprisoned for not more than one year, or both. (2) Preservation of other remedies. - The remedies and rights provided under this section are in addition to and do not preclude any remedy otherwise available under law to the person claiming relief under this section, including any award for consequential and punitive damages. (3) Contract void. - Any credit agreement, promissory note, or other contract prohibited under this section is void from the inception of such contract. (4) Arbitration. - Notwithstanding section 2 of title 9, or any other Federal or State law, rule, or regulation, no agreement to arbitrate any dispute involving the extension of consumer credit shall be enforceable against any covered member or dependent of such a member, or any person who was a covered member or dependent of that member when the agreement was made. (g) Servicemembers Civil Relief Act Protections Unaffected. - Nothing in this section may be construed to limit or otherwise affect the applicability of section 207 of the Servicemembers Civil Relief Act (50 U.S.C. App. 527). (h) Regulations. - (1) The Secretary of Defense shall prescribe regulations to carry out this section. (2) Such regulations shall establish the following: (A) Disclosures required of any creditor that extends consumer credit to a covered member or dependent of such a member. (B) The method for calculating the applicable annual percentage rate of interest on such obligations, in accordance with the limit established under this section. (C) A maximum allowable amount of all fees, and the types of fees, associated with any such extension of credit, to be expressed and disclosed to the borrower as a total amount and as a percentage of the principal amount of the obligation, at the time at which the transaction is entered into. (D) Definitions of "creditor" under paragraph (5) and "consumer credit" under paragraph (6) of subsection (i), consistent with the provisions of this section. (E) Such other criteria or limitations as the Secretary of Defense determines appropriate, consistent with the provisions of this section. (3) In prescribing regulations under this subsection, the Secretary of Defense shall consult with the following: (A) The Federal Trade Commission. (B) The Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System. (C) The Office of the Comptroller of the Currency. (D) The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation. (E) The Office of Thrift Supervision. (F) The National Credit Union Administration. (G) The Treasury Department. (i) Definitions. - In this section: (1) Covered member. - The term "covered member" means a member of the armed forces who is - (A) on active duty under a call or order that does not specify a period of 30 days or less; or (B) on active Guard and Reserve Duty. (2) Dependent. - The term "dependent", with respect to a covered member, means - (A) the member's spouse; (B) the member's child (as defined in section 101(4) of title 38); or (C) an individual for whom the member provided more than one- half of the individual's support for 180 days immediately preceding an extension of consumer credit covered by this section. (3) Interest. - The term "interest" includes all cost elements associated with the extension of credit, including fees, service charges, renewal charges, credit insurance premiums, any ancillary product sold with any extension of credit to a servicemember or the servicemember's dependent, as applicable, and any other charge or premium with respect to the extension of consumer credit. (4) Annual percentage rate. - The term "annual percentage rate" has the same meaning as in section 107 of the Truth and Lending Act (15 U.S.C. 1606), as implemented by regulations of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System. For purposes of this section, such term includes all fees and charges, including charges and fees for single premium credit insurance and other ancillary products sold in connection with the credit transaction, and such fees and charges shall be included in the calculation of the annual percentage rate. (5) Creditor. - The term "creditor" means a person - (A) who - (i) is engaged in the business of extending consumer credit; and (ii) meets such additional criteria as are specified for such purpose in regulations prescribed under this section; or (B) who is an assignee of a person described in subparagraph (A) with respect to any consumer credit extended. (6) Consumer credit. - The term "consumer credit" has the meaning provided for such term in regulations prescribed under this section, except that such term does not include (A) a residential mortgage, or (B) a loan procured in the course of purchasing a car or other personal property, when that loan is offered for the express purpose of financing the purchase and is secured by the car or personal property procured. -SOURCE- (Added Pub. L. 109-364, div. A, title VI, Sec. 670(a), Oct. 17, 2006, 120 Stat. 2266.) -REFTEXT- REFERENCES IN TEXT The Truth in Lending Act, referred to in subsec. (c)(1)(B), (2), is title I of Pub. L. 90-321, May 29, 1968, 82 Stat. 146, as amended, which is classified generally to subchapter I (Sec. 1601 et seq.) of chapter 41 of Title 15, Commerce and Trade. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 1601 of Title 15 and Tables. The Servicemembers Civil Relief Act, referred to in subsecs. (e)(2) and (g), is act Oct. 17, 1940, ch. 888, 54 Stat. 1178, as amended, which is classified to section 501 et seq. of Title 50, Appendix, War and National Defense. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see section 501 of Title 50, Appendix, and Tables. -MISC1- EFFECTIVE DATE Pub. L. 109-364, div. A, title VI, Sec. 670(c), Oct. 17, 2006, 120 Stat. 2269, provided that: "(1) In general. - Except as provided in paragraph (2), section 987 of title 10, United States Code, as added by subsection (a), shall take effect on October 1, 2007, or on such earlier date as may be prescribed by the Secretary of Defense, and shall apply with respect to extensions of consumer credit on or after such effective date. "(2) Authority to prescribe regulations. - Subsection (h) of such section shall take effect on the date of the enactment of this Act [Oct. 17, 2006]. "(3) Publication of earlier effective date. - If the Secretary of Defense prescribes an effective date for section 987 of title 10, United States Code, as added by subsection (a), earlier than October 1, 2007, the Secretary shall publish that date in the Federal Register. Such publication shall be made not less than 90 days before that earlier effective date." INTERIM REGULATIONS Pub. L. 109-364, div. A, title VI, Sec. 670(d), Oct. 17, 2006, 120 Stat. 2269, provided that: "The Secretary of Defense may prescribe interim regulations as necessary to carry out such section [this section]. For the purpose of prescribing such interim regulations, the Secretary is excepted from compliance with the notice-and-comment requirements of section 553 of title 5, United States Code. All interim rules prescribed under the authority of this subsection that are not earlier superseded by final rules shall expire no later than 270 days after the effective date of section 987 of title 10, United States Code [see Effective Date note above], as added by this section." -End-