in-crop-weather State Indiana Crop Weather Week Ending Date July 6, 2008 IN-CW070708 AGRICULTURAL SUMMARY The corn crop has experienced tremendous growth in the last two weeks due to drying soils, sunshine and warm temperatures, according to the Indiana Field Office of USDA’s National Agricultural Statistics Service. However, development is very uneven across many corn fields. Replanting of soybeans continued in areas that were flooded in early June. Farmers are being encouraged to visit their local Farm Service Agency (FSA) office to see if they qualify for flood relief. FIELD CROPS REPORT There were 4.9 days suitable for field work. Sixty-one percent of the corn acreage is reported to be in good to excellent condition compared with 51 percent last year at this time. Ninety-seven percent of the soybean acreage has now emerged compared with 99 percent for both last year and the 5-year average. Five percent of the soybean acreage is blooming compared with 30 percent last year and 22 percent for the 5-year average. Soybean condition improved and is rated as 58 percent good to excellent compared with 45 percent last year at this time. Thirty-eight percent of the winter wheat acreage has been harvested compared with 76 percent last year and 67 percent for the 5-year average. By area, 6 percent has been harvested in the north, 18 percent in the central region and 85 percent in the south. Winter wheat condition is rated 77 percent good to excellent compared to 33 percent last year at this time. The second cutting of alfalfa hay is 20 percent complete compared with 54 percent last year and 39 percent for the 5-year average. Major activities during the week included: attending county fairs, spraying herbicides, baling hay and straw, mowing roadsides and ditches, hauling grain to market and tending to livestock. LIVESTOCK, PASTURE AND RANGE REPORT Pasture condition is rated as 23% excellent, 45% good, 24% fair, 6% poor and 2% very poor. Livestock are in mostly good condition with very little stress due to favorable weather and adequate pasture conditions. Crop Progress Table ------------------------------------------------------- : This : Last : Last : 5-Year Crop : Week : Week : Year : Avg ------------------------------------------------------- Percent Soybeans Emerged 97 90 99 99 Soybeans Blooming 5 1 30 22 Winter Wheat Harvested 38 26 76 67 Alfalfa - 2nd Cutting 20 NA 54 39 Crop Condition Table ----------------------------------------------------------- : Very : : : : Excel- Crop : Poor : Poor : Fair : Good : lent ----------------------------------------------------------- Percent Corn 4 10 25 47 14 Soybean 4 9 29 47 11 Winter Wheat 2 4 17 52 25 Pasture 2 6 24 45 23 Soil Moisture & Days Suitable for Fieldwork Table ---------------------------------------- : This : Last : Last : : Week : Week : Year : ---------------------------------------- Percent Topsoil Very Short 1 0 26 Short 6 6 38 Adequate 75 68 34 Surplus 18 26 2 Subsoil Very Short 1 0 25 Short 4 3 40 Adequate 71 67 34 Surplus 24 30 1 Days Suitable 4.9 4.4 5.6 Contact Information --Greg Preston, Director --Andy Higgins, Agricultural Statistician E-Mail Address: nass-in@nass.usda.gov http://www.nass.usda.gov/Statistics_by_State/Indiana ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Other Agricultural Comments And News LOTS OF WEEDY SOYBEAN FIELDS We have observed a number of fields where the giant ragweed is 1 to 4 feet tall and it appears the fields have not been sprayed yet. We have also observed a number of fields that have been sprayed and the giant ragweeds are alive and well. This seems like a good time to remind folks that we have glyphosate-resistant giant ragweed in at least 14 counties in Indiana and there is no doubt that giant ragweed management in soybeans has become a major challenge for Indiana growers. In addition, significant yield reductions (10% or more) occur when moderate to high densities of giant ragweed reach 9 inches in height. Use of a preplant or preemergence residual herbicides can delay the time that giant ragweeds reach that height by up to a week, but I suppose it is a bit late for this nugget of wisdom. Our postemergence herbicide recommendations for giant ragweed management in Roundup Ready soybean in fields with a history of poor control is to use the maximum amount of glyphosate allowed by the label (1.5 lb ae/A) in the first treatment and be ready to respray in 3 weeks if needed. Keep in mind that the total amount of glyphosate that can be used between soybean emergence and R2 is 2.25 lb ae/A. We have also had some success on giant ragweed populations that are resistant to both glyphosate and ALS inhibitors with a tankmix of glyphosate and Flexstar or Phoenix/Cobra, followed by a second treatment of glyphosate about 3 weeks after the first treatment. It is important to note that the follow-up treatment must be applied in a timely manner - 3 weeks after the first treatment, not 5-6 weeks later when the ragweeds are poking out of the top of the canopy. It is also important to note that if your primary target is glyphosate- resistant giant ragweed, use an adjuvant system designed to maximize the activity of the tankmix partner on ragweed. If using Flexstar, add MSO and AMS. If you tank mix Phoenix or Cobra, add COC and AMS. Another weed I am observing very frequently in soybean is volunteer corn. In our statewide weed survey we conducted in 2003, 2004, and 2005, the frequency of volunteer corn in Northern Indiana soybean fields has increased each year following increases in the adoption of glyphosate-resistant corn. Volunteer corn was present in 3% of the fields sampled in 2003 and increased to 5% in 2004, and 12% in 2005. Glyphosate-resistant corn in the U.S. increased to 11, 15, and 18% of planted corn acres in 2002, 2003, and 2004, respectively, and these percentages were strongly correlated (r=0.92) to the percentages of volunteer corn in following years. Another interesting observation from our field survey is that volunteer corn was twice as likely to be present in systems with tillage (10%) verses no-tillage (5%). In fields where volunteer corn was present, it was the only weed escape 26% of the time. Because glyphosate is used on a majority of soybean acres and volunteer corn is commonly found either by itself or with other weeds notably difficult to control with glyphosate, a majority of volunteer corn is likely found in soybean rotated with glyphosate- resistant corn. Growers with a glyphosate-resistant cropping system rotation, especially using tillage practices, should scout soybeans for volunteer corn prior to postemergence applications. In soybeans, the addition of Assure II/Targa, clethodim (Select/Arrow, others), Fusilade, Fusion in a tank-mix with glyphosate will help control volunteer corn in glyphosate-resistant soybeans. Bill Johnson and Glenn Nice, Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907. ------------------------------------------------------------------------ The INDIANA CROP & WEATHER REPORT (USPS 675-770), (ISSN 0442-817X) is issued weekly April through November by the USDA, NASS, Indiana Field Office, 1435 Win Hentschel Blvd, Suite 110, West Lafayette IN 47906-4145. Second Class postage paid at Lafayette IN. For information on subscribing, send request to above address. POSTMASTER: Send address change to the USDA, NASS, Indiana Field Office, 1435 Win Hentschel Blvd, Suite 110, West Lafayette IN 47906-4145. ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Weather Information Table Week ending Sunday July 6, 2008 ----------------------------------------------------- | Past Week Weather Summary Data |--------------------------------- Station | Air | | Avg | Temperature | Precip. |4 in. |---------------|------------|Soil |Hi |Lo |Avg|DFN| Total|Days |Temp ----------------------------------------------------- Northwest (1) Chalmers_5W 86 52 66 -9 0.91 3 Francesville 86 49 67 -6 0.11 1 Valparaiso_AP_I 90 53 68 -5 0.10 2 Wanatah 88 46 66 -7 0.14 2 76 Winamac 86 48 67 -6 0.86 4 70 North Central(2) Plymouth 86 46 66 -8 0.25 2 South_Bend 88 48 68 -5 0.80 2 Young_America 85 48 70 -5 0.42 2 Northeast (3) Columbia_City 85 49 66 -6 0.46 3 61 Fort_Wayne 86 50 68 -6 0.70 3 West Central(4) Greencastle 84 52 68 -8 1.27 4 Perrysville 89 52 70 -5 0.33 2 76 Spencer_Ag 86 53 69 -5 2.13 5 Terre_Haute_AFB 87 54 70 -6 0.95 3 W_Lafayette_6NW 87 49 69 -5 0.60 3 71 Central (5) Eagle_Creek_AP 86 52 70 -5 1.39 4 Greenfield 84 49 67 -8 2.57 4 Indianapolis_AP 85 53 70 -6 2.04 4 Indianapolis_SE 85 45 66 -9 3.19 3 Tipton_Ag 85 45 67 -7 2.02 4 72 East Central(6) Farmland 84 48 66 -7 0.73 4 69 New_Castle 82 48 65 -8 1.68 4 Southwest(7) Evansville 88 59 73 -5 0.69 2 Freelandville 85 61 71 -5 1.66 3 Shoals_8S 86 55 70 -6 0.31 2 Stendal 87 58 72 -5 0.66 3 Vincennes_5NE 89 59 73 -4 0.24 3 South Central(8) Leavenworth 87 57 71 -4 1.14 5 Oolitic 84 54 69 -6 1.19 4 73 Tell_City 88 62 74 -4 0.42 1 Southeast (9) Brookville 86 49 68 -6 0.89 4 Greensburg 85 49 68 -6 1.06 4 Scottsburg 85 52 70 -6 1.22 3 ----------------------------------------------------- Weather Information Table (Continued) Week ending Sunday July 6, 2008 ------------------------------------------------ Accumulation -------------------------------- April 1, 2008 thru Station July 6, 2008 -------------------------------- Precipitation |GDD Base 50oF -------------------------------- | | | | Total | DFN |Days|Total| DFN ------------------------------------------------ Northwest (1) | Chalmers_5W |12.41 +0.41 38 1055 -243 Francesville |10.43 -1.77 38 1057 -119 Valparaiso_AP_I | 5.58 -7.31 32 1098 -42 Wanatah | 9.04 -3.22 39 1008 -75 Winamac |13.55 +1.35 42 1050 -126 North Central(2)| Plymouth |11.78 -0.94 42 1031 -196 South_Bend | 9.29 -2.65 37 1109 -14 Young_America |15.05 +3.34 38 1106 -87 Northeast (3) | Columbia_City |13.34 +1.31 42 1025 -41 Fort_Wayne |13.67 +2.56 46 1160 -22 West Central(4) | Greencastle |26.11 +12.91 42 1095 -285 Perrysville |19.90 +6.88 40 1253 -29 Spencer_Ag |29.42 +15.67 47 1209 -69 Terre_Haute_AFB |22.28 +9.42 35 1305 -69 W_Lafayette_6NW |14.20 +2.16 47 1162 -38 Central (5) | Eagle_Creek_AP |22.32 +10.30 48 1331 -30 Greenfield |23.66 +10.82 50 1146 -140 Indianapolis_AP |17.70 +5.68 44 1357 -4 Indianapolis_SE |20.90 +8.60 43 1138 -198 Tipton_Ag |16.14 +4.14 47 1084 -71 East Central(6) | Farmland |14.87 +2.60 46 1057 -57 New_Castle |20.27 +6.98 47 1069 -75 Southwest(7) | Evansville |17.88 +4.87 35 1607 -24 Freelandville |21.75 +8.33 40 1377 -54 Shoals_8S |18.52 +4.19 40 1271 -98 Stendal |22.13 +7.55 51 1487 -29 Vincennes_5NE |16.81 +3.39 35 1450 +19 South Central(8)| Leavenworth |17.25 +2.76 59 1467 +97 Oolitic |20.71 +7.09 43 1205 -91 Tell_City |17.56 +2.98 35 1555 +24 Southeast (9) | Brookville |17.65 +4.74 47 1230 +26 Greensburg |21.74 +8.52 45 1283 +12 Scottsburg |18.18 +4.90 45 1434 +15 ------------------------------------------------------------------ DFN = Departure From Normal (Using 1961-90 Normals Period). GDD = Growing Degree Days. Precipitation (Rainfall or melted snow/ice) in inches. Precipitation Days = Days with precip of .01 inch or more. Air Temperatures in Degrees Fahrenheit. Copyright 2008: Agricultural Weather Information Service, Inc. All rights reserved. The above weather information is provided by AWIS, Inc. For detailed ag weather forecasts and data visit the AWIS home page at: www.awis.com