Migratory Bird Hunting; Regulations Designed to Reduce the Mid-
Continent Light Goose Population
[Federal Register: June 14, 2001 (Volume 66, Number 115)]
[Rules and Regulations]
[Page 32264-32267]
From the Federal Register Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]
[DOCID:fr14jn01-17]
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DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
Fish and Wildlife Service
50 CFR Parts 20 and 21
RIN 1018-AI00
Migratory Bird Hunting; Regulations Designed to Reduce the Mid-
Continent Light Goose Population
AGENCY: Fish and Wildlife Service, Interior.
ACTION: Final rule.
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SUMMARY: This rule is intended to notify the public of a clarification
of the expiration date of regulations imposed by Congress to reduce the
population of mid-continent light geese (MCLG). In this rule we clarify
the expiration date of special regulations pertaining to hunting
methods (electronic calls and unplugged shotguns) for taking mid-
continent light geese. We also clarify the expiration date of the
conservation order for the reduction of the mid-continent light goose
population.
DATES: This rule takes effect immediately upon publication on June 14,
2001.
ADDRESSES: Copies of the Environmental Assessment are available by
writing to the Chief, Division of Migratory Bird Management, U.S. Fish
and Wildlife Service, Dept. of the Interior, ms 634--ARLSQ, 1849 C
Street NW., Washington, DC 20240.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Jon Andrew, Chief, Division of
Migratory Bird Management, Dept. of the Interior, ms 634--ARLSQ, 1849 C
Street, NW., Washington, DC 20240. (703) 358-1714.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The Service (or ``we'') promulgated
regulations on February 16, 1999, (64 FR 7507; 64 FR 7517) that
authorized additional methods of take of MCLG and established a
conservation order for the reduction of the MCLG population. In issuing
those regulations, we indicated that we would initiate preparation of
an Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) on light goose management
beginning in 2000. The light goose regulations were subsequently
challenged in a United States District Court by several groups. Though
the judge refused to preliminarily enjoin the program, he did indicate
a likelihood that the plaintiffs might prevail on the EIS issue when
the lawsuit proceeded. In light of our earlier commitment to prepare an
EIS on light goose management and to preclude further litigation on the
issue, we published a Notice of Intent to begin immediate preparation
of the EIS on May 13, 1999 (64 FR 26268). Subsequent to this action, on
June 17, 1999, we withdrew the regulations promulgated on February 16,
1999 (64 FR 32778). On November 10, 1999, Congress passed the Arctic
Tundra Habitat Emergency Conservation Act (Act), which effectively
reinstated the MCLG regulations that we withdrew on June 17, 1999. On
December 20, 1999 (64 FR 71236) we published a final rule that
reinstated the MCLG regulations in the CFR and stipulated that such
regulations would remain in effect until May 15, 2001 at the latest.
However, this stipulation is contrary to the expiration date that
Congress mandated in the Act.
Background
Lesser snow (Anser caerulescens caerulescens) and Ross' (Anser
rossii) geese that primarily migrate through the Mississippi and
Central Flyways are collectively referred to as mid-continent light
geese (MCLG). MCLG breed in the central and eastern arctic and
subarctic regions of northern Canada. The total MCLG population is
experiencing a high population growth rate and has become seriously
injurious to its Arctic and sub-Arctic breeding grounds through the
feeding actions of geese. Our management goal is to reduce the MCLG
population by 50% by the year 2005 in order to prevent further habitat
degradation and impacts to other species.
On February 16, 1999, we published rules that: (1) authorized
additional methods of take of MCLG (electronic calls and unplugged
shotguns; 64 FR 7507); and (2) created a conservation order for the
reduction of the MCLG population (64 FR 7517). These actions were
designed to reduce the population of MCLG over a period of several
years in order to bring the population to a level that their breeding
habitat can support. We prepared an Environmental Assessment (EA) in
support of this program, which resulted in a Finding of No Significant
Impact.
On February 25, 1999, several groups filed a complaint in the
District Court for the District of Columbia seeking an injunction
against these regulations. On March 2, 1999, the plaintiffs filed a
motion for a preliminary injunction against the two rules cited above.
The lawsuit alleged that we had implemented the rules without adequate
scientific evidence that MCLG were causing habitat destruction, that we
did not have the authority under the Migratory Bird Treaty to allow
take of MCLG after March 10 (the latest date allowable under the
Treaty), and that an EIS should have been prepared prior to
implementation of the rules. In his memorandum opinion the judge
indicated that ``the scientific evidence regarding the overpopulation
of snow geese strongly favors FWS'' and that we had exercised a
reasonable use of our authority under the Migratory Bird Treaty Act to
initiate population control measures. Although the judge refused to
issue an injunction, he did indicate a likelihood that plaintiffs might
succeed on their argument that an EIS should have been prepared. In
order to avoid further litigation, and because we had earlier indicated
we would begin preparing in the year 2000 an EIS on the larger, long-
term program, we decided to withdraw the regulations and begin
immediate preparation of the EIS. We concluded the public scoping phase
of the EIS process on November 22, 1999. We anticipate publication of a
draft EIS in the summer of 2001.
On November 10, 1999, Congress passed the Arctic Tundra Habitat
Emergency Conservation Act (Pub. L. 106-108) to ``reduce the population
of mid-continent light geese,'' and ``to assure the long-term
conservation of mid-continent light geese and the
[[Page 32265]]
biological diversity of the ecosystem upon which many North American
migratory birds depend''. The Act further states that,
the rules published by the Service on February 16, 1999, relating to
use of additional hunting methods to increase the harvest of mid-
continent light geese (64 Fed. Reg. 7507-7517) and the establishment
of a conservation order for the reduction of mid-continent light
goose populations (64 Fed. Reg. 7517-7528), shall have the force and
effect of law.
The Act instructed the Secretary of the Interior, acting through
the Director of the Service, to take such action as is necessary to
appropriately notify the public of the force and effect of the rules
referenced above. Furthermore, these provisions of the Act are to apply
until,
the latest [emphasis is ours]
of
(A) The effective date of rules issued by the Service after such
date of the enactment to control overabundant mid-continent light
geese populations;
(B) The date of publication of a final environmental impact
statement for such rules under section 102(2)(C) of the National
Environmental Policy Act of 1969 (42 U.S.C. 4332 (2)(C); and
(C) May 15, 2001.
We initiated preparation of an EIS on light goose management on May
13, 1999 (64 FR 26268). Nine public scoping meetings were held
throughout the country during September and October, 1999 (64 FR
47332). We are currently completing an internal review of a draft EIS,
and expect to release the draft for public comment by June 2001.
However, we do not expect to publish a final EIS until at least the
fall of 2001. Therefore, new rules that would implement our proposed
alternative for controlling light goose populations will not be
developed until after the fall of 2001. Because the milestones in
paragraphs (A) and (B) will not be reached prior to May 15, 2001,
paragraph (C) above is no longer germane. During preparation of our
December 20, 1999 final rule (64 FR 71236), we mis-interpreted the
language in the Act pertaining to expiration dates of light goose
regulations and incorrectly identified May 15, 2001 as the latest of
the milestones. In fact, May 15, 2001 is the earliest of the
milestones, and therefore cannot serve as the expiration date of
special light goose regulations. We note that the House Resources
Committee report on the bill and some of the floor debate on the
legislation identified May 15, 2001, as a ``sunset''. However, the law
does not establish a ``sunset'' date and provides that ``force and
effect'' will expire when the last of the three triggers occurs.
Therefore, according to the Act, the light goose regulations shall
remain in effect until the latest of paragraphs (A) and (B) above. As
we stated above, that is expected to be some time after the fall of
2001. Because in the December 20, 1999, final rule (64 FR 71236), we
had erroneously added an expiration date of May 15, 2001, to the
effective dates of certain paragraphs in 50 CFR 20.21, 20.22, and
21.60, those paragraphs have now expired. Through this rule, we are
adding those paragraphs back to the CFR.
Effective Date
Under 5 U.S.C. 553(b)(3)(B) and 5 U.S.C. 553 (d)(3), we find good
cause to take this action without prior notice and public procedure and
to make this action effective upon publication because, for the
following reasons, notice and public procedure are unnecessary and
contrary to the public interest. We are clarifying, in the nature of a
correction, the effective date of rules that were reinstated as a
result of a directive contained in law. As we noted in our December 20,
1999, Federal Register notice (64 FR 71236), the rules with regard to
light geese were in place previously and were adopted after notice and
opportunity for public comment. Finally, the law imposing these rules
requires that they remain effective as is provided herein.
Executive Order 13211
On May 18, 2001, the President issued an Executive Order (E.O.
13211) on regulations that significantly affect energy supply,
distribution, and use. E.O. 13211 requires agencies to prepare
Statements of Energy Effects when undertaking certain actions. As this
rule is not expected to significantly affect energy supplies,
distribution, or use, this action is not a significant energy action
and no Statement of Energy Effects is required.
Other Required Determinations
We published all of the required determinations in the February 16,
1999, final rules (64 FR 7507; 64 FR 7517).
List of Subjects in 50 CFR Parts 20 and 21
Exports, Hunting, Imports, Reporting and recordkeeping
requirements, Transportation, Wildlife.
For the reasons given in the preamble, we hereby amend parts 20 and
21, of the subchapter B, chapter I, title 50 of the Code of Federal
Regulations, as set forth below:
PART 20--[AMENDED]
1. The authority citation for part 20 continues to read as follows:
Authority: 16 U.S.C. 703-712; and 16 U.S.C. 742 a-j; Pub. L.
106-108.
2. Add paragraphs (b) and (g) of Sec. 20.21 to read as follows:
Sec. 20.21 What hunting methods are illegal?
* * * * *
(b) With a shotgun of any description capable of holding more than
three shells, unless it is plugged with a one-piece filler, incapable
of removal without disassembling the gun, so its total capacity does
not exceed three shells. This restriction does not apply during a
light-goose-only season (lesser snow and Ross' geese) when all other
waterfowl and crane hunting seasons, excluding falconry, are closed
while hunting light geese in Central and Mississippi Flyway portions of
Alabama, Arkansas, Colorado, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky,
Louisiana, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana,
Nebraska, New Mexico, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, South Dakota,
Tennessee, Texas, Wisconsin, and Wyoming.
* * * * *
(g) By the use or aid of recorded or electrically amplified bird
calls or sounds, or recorded or electrically amplified imitations of
bird calls or sounds. This restriction does not apply during a light-
goose-only season (lesser snow and Ross' geese) when all other
waterfowl and crane hunting seasons, excluding falconry, are closed
while hunting light geese in Central and Mississippi Flyway portions of
Alabama, Arkansas, Colorado, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky,
Louisiana, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana,
Nebraska, New Mexico, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, South Dakota,
Tennessee, Texas, Wisconsin, and Wyoming.
3. Revise Sec. 20.22 to read as follows:
Sec. 20.22 Closed seasons.
No person shall take migratory game birds during the closed season
except as provided in part 21.
PART 21--[AMENDED]
4. The authority citation for part 21 continues to read as follows:
Authority: Pub. L. 95-616, 92 Stat. 3112 (16 U.S.C. 712(2));
Pub. L. 106-108.
5. Subpart E, consisting of Sec. 21.60, is added to read as
follows:
[[Page 32266]]
Subpart E--Control of Overabundant Migratory Bird Populations
Sec. 21.60 Conservation Order for Mid-continent light geese.
(a) Which waterfowl species are covered by this order?
This conservation order addresses management of lesser snow (Anser
c. caerulescens) and Ross' (Anser rossii) geese that breed, migrate,
and winter in the mid-continent portion of North America, primarily in
the Central and Mississippi Flyways (mid-continent light geese).
(b) In what areas can the conservation order be implemented? (1)
The following States, or portions of States, that are contained within
the boundaries of the Central and Mississippi Flyways: Alabama,
Arkansas, Colorado, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky,
Louisiana, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana,
Nebraska, New Mexico, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, South Dakota,
Tennessee, Texas, Wisconsin, and Wyoming.
(2) Tribal lands within the geographic boundaries in paragraph
(b)(1) of this section.
(3) The following areas within the boundaries in paragraph (b)(1)
of this section are closed to the conservation order after 10 March of
each year: Monte Vista National Wildlife Refuge (CO); Bosque del Apache
National Wildlife Refuge (NM); the area within 5 miles of the Platte
River from Lexington, Nebraska to Grand Island, Nebraska; the following
area in and around Aransas National Wildlife Refuge; those portions of
Refugio, Calhoun, and Aransas counties that lie inside a line extending
from 5 nautical miles offshore to and including Pelican Island, thence
to Port O'Conner, thence northwest along State Highway 185 and
southwest along State Highway 35 to Aransas Pass, thence southeast
along State Highway 361 to Port Aransas, thence east along the Corpus
Christi Channel, thence southeast along the Aransas Channel, extending
to 5 nautical miles offshore; except that it is lawful to take mid-
continent light geese after 10 March of each year within the Guadalupe
WMA. If at any time we receive evidence that a need to close the areas
in this paragraph (b)(3) no longer exists, we will publish a proposal
to remove the closures in the Federal Register.
(c) What is required in order for State/Tribal governments to
participate in the conservation order? Any State or Tribal government
responsible for the management of wildlife and migratory birds may,
without permit, kill or cause to be killed under its general
supervision, mid-continent light geese under the following conditions:
(1) Activities conducted under this section may not affect
endangered or threatened species as designated under the Endangered
Species Act.
(2) Control activities must be conducted clearly as such and are
intended to relieve pressures on migratory birds and habitat essential
to migratory bird populations only and are not to be construed as
opening, re-opening, or extending any open hunting season contrary to
any regulations promulgated under section 3 of the Migratory Bird
Treaty Act.
(3) Control activities may be conducted only when all waterfowl and
crane hunting seasons, excluding falconry, are closed.
(4) Control measures employed through this section may be
implemented only between the hours of one-half hour before sunrise to
one-half hour after sunset.
(5) Nothing in this section may limit or initiate management
actions on Federal land without concurrence of the Federal Agency with
jurisdiction.
(6) States and Tribes must designate participants who must operate
under the conditions of this section.
(7) States and Tribes must inform participants of the requirements/
conditions of this section that apply.
(8) States and Tribes must keep records of activities carried out
under the authority of this section, including the number of mid-
continent light geese taken under this section, the methods by which
they were taken, and the dates they were taken. The States and Tribes
must submit an annual report summarizing activities conducted under
this section on or before August 30 of each year, to the Chief,
Division of Migratory Bird Management, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service,
ms 634--ARLSQ, 1849 C Street NW., Washington, DC 20240.
(d) What is required in order for individuals to participate in the
conservation order? Individual participants in State or tribal programs
covered by this section are required to comply with the following
requirements:
(1) Nothing in this section authorizes the take of mid-continent
light geese contrary to any State or Tribal laws or regulations; and
none of the privileges granted under this section may be exercised
unless persons acting under the authority of the conservation order
possesses whatever permit or other authorization(s) required for such
activities by the State or Tribal government concerned.
(2) Participants who take mid-continent light geese under this
section may not sell or offer for sale those birds nor their plumage,
but may possess, transport, and otherwise properly use them.
(3) Participants acting under the authority of this section must
permit at all reasonable times, including during actual operations, any
Federal or State game or deputy game agent, warden, protector, or other
game law enforcement officer free and unrestricted access over the
premises on which such operations have been or are being conducted, and
must promptly furnish whatever information an officer requires
concerning the operation.
(4) Participants acting under the authority of this section may
take mid-continent light geese by any method except those prohibited as
follows:
(i) With a trap, snare, net, rifle, pistol, swivel gun, shotgun
larger than 10 gauge, punt gun, battery gun, machine gun, fish hook,
poison, drug, explosive, or stupefying substance;
(ii) From or by means, aid, or use of a sinkbox or any other type
of low floating device, having a depression affording the person a
means of concealment beneath the surface of the water;
(iii) From or by means, aid, or use of any motor vehicle, motor-
driven land conveyance, or aircraft of any kind, except that
paraplegics and persons missing one or both legs may take from any
stationary motor vehicle or stationary motor-driven land conveyance;
(iv) From or by means of any motorboat or other craft having a
motor attached, or any sailboat, unless the motor has been completely
shut off and the sails furled, and its progress therefrom has ceased. A
craft under power may be used only to retrieve dead or crippled birds;
however, the craft may not be used under power to shoot any crippled
birds;
(v) By the use or aid of live birds as decoys; although not limited
to, it shall be a violation of this paragraph for any person to take
mid-continent light geese on an area where tame or captive live geese
are present unless such birds are and have been for a period of 10
consecutive days before the taking, confined within an enclosure that
substantially reduces the audibility of their calls and totally
conceals the birds from the sight of mid-continent light geese;
(vi) By means or aid of any motor-driven land, water, or air
conveyance, or any sailboat used for the purpose of or resulting in the
concentrating, driving,
[[Page 32267]]
rallying, or stirring up of mid-continent light geese;
(vii) By the aid of baiting, or on or over any baited area. As used
in this paragraph, ``baiting'' means the placing, exposing, depositing,
distributing, or scattering of shelled, shucked, or unshucked corn,
wheat or other grain, salt, or other feed so as to constitute for such
birds a lure, attraction or enticement to, on, or over any areas where
hunters are attempting to take them; and ``baited area'' means any area
where shelled, shucked, or unshucked corn, wheat or other grain, salt,
or other feed capable of luring, attracting, or enticing such birds is
directly or indirectly placed, exposed, deposited, distributed, or
scattered; and such area shall remain a baited area for 10 days
following complete removal of all such corn, wheat or other grain,
salt, or other feed. However, nothing in this paragraph prohibits the
taking of mid-continent light geese on or over standing crops, flooded
standing crops (including aquatics), flooded harvested croplands, grain
crops properly shucked on the field where grown, or grains found
scattered solely as the result of normal agricultural planting or
harvesting; or
(viii) Participants may not possess shot (either in shotshells or
as loose shot for muzzleloading) other than steel shot, or bismuth-tin,
or other shots that are authorized in 50 CFR 20.21(j). Season
limitations in that section do not apply to participants acting under
this order.
(e) Under what conditions would the conservation order be revoked?
The Service will annually assess the overall impact and effectiveness
of the conservation order to ensure compatibility with long-term
conservation of this resource. If at any time we receive that clearly
demonstrates a serious threat of injury to the area or areas involved
no longer exists, we will initiate action to revoke the conservation
order.
(f) Will information concerning the conservation order be
collected? The information collection requirements of the conservation
order have been approved by OMB and assigned clearance number 1018-
0103. Agencies may not conduct or sponsor, and a person is not required
to respond to, a collection of information unless it displays a
currently valid OMB control number. The recordkeeping and reporting
requirements imposed under regulations established in this subpart E
will be utilized to administer this program, particularly in the
assessment of impacts alternative regulatory strategies may have on
mid-continent light geese and other migratory bird populations. The
information collected will be required to authorize State and Tribal
governments responsible for migratory bird management to take mid-
continent light geese within the guidelines provided by the Service.
Dated: June 7, 2001.
Marshall P. Jones, Jr.,
Acting Assistant Secretary for Fish and Wildlife and Parks.
[FR Doc. 01-15019 Filed 6-13-01; 8:45 am]
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