Testing Information

Testing Status of Agents at NTP

CAS Registry Number: 79-19-6 Toxicity Effects

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Selected toxicity information from HSDB, one of the National Library of Medicine's databases. 1

Names (NTP)

  • Thiosemicarbazide
  • HYDRAZINECARBOTHIOAMIDE

Human Toxicity Excerpts

  • In the manufacture of rubber, irritant contact dermatitis may occur from a variety of acids, alkalis, detergents, and solvents used in the process. Allergic contact dermatitis occurs not infrequently and is almost always due to an organic accelerator or antioxidant. While the list of potential sensitizing accelerators and antioxidants is enormous, common allergens include ... thioureas. /Thioureas/ [Zenz, C., O.B. Dickerson, E.P. Horvath. Occupational Medicine. 3rd ed. St. Louis, MO., 1994, p. 106]**PEER REVIEWED**

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Non-Human Toxicity Excerpts

  • THIOSEMICARBAZIDE WAS TERATOGENIC IN CHICK EMBRYOS WHEN APPLIED TO VASCULAR AREA ON 3RD DAY OF INCUBATION. AT 0.5 TO 1 MG IT PRODUCED DEFORMITIES OF THE WING AND BEAK, BUT NOT HARELIP. [BODIT F ET AL; CR SEANCES SOC BIOL SES FIL 160 (5): 960-3 (1966)]**PEER REVIEWED**
  • THIOSEMICARBAZIDE (2.5-10.0 MG/KG, IP) CAUSED BEHAVIORAL RESTLESSNESS, RUNNING FITS, & ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPH ACTIVATION WITH GENERALIZED SEIZURE DISCHARGE USUALLY APPEARING INITIALLY IN THE FRONTAL CORTEX, OCCIPITAL CORTEX, & CAUDATE NUCLEUS & SUBSEQUENTLY EXTENDING TO OTHER BRAIN AREAS IN RABBITS. [YAMASHITA J ET AL; JIKEIKAI MED J 18 (3-4): 99-107 (1971)]**PEER REVIEWED**
  • SEMICARBAZIDE-HCL INJECTED INTO THE EMBRYONATED WHITE LEGHORN EGG AT 4-6 DAYS OF INCUBATION PRODUCED SHORTENED AND MALFORMED LOWER BEAK AND BENT TARSOMETATARSAL AND TIBIOTARSAL BONES. ONLY A SMALL INCIDENCE OF SKELETAL DEFECTS RESULTED FROM ADMIN OF THIOSEMICARBAZIDE. [NEUMAN RE ET AL; PROC SOC EXP BIOL MED 95: 578-81 (1956)]**PEER REVIEWED**
  • Exposure of Xenopus laevis tadpoles to thiosemicarbazide, (10-75 mg/l), the compound inhibited metamorphosis and produced osteolathyrism. Concn-dependent effects of thiosemicarbazide exposure were observed in the growth rate and the severity of the osteolathyrogenic effect. [Newman SM, Dumont JM; J Exp Zool 225 (3): 411-22 (1983)]**PEER REVIEWED**
  • Pretreatment of rats with thiosemicarbazide 10 mg/kg ip had no effect on avoidance reflex development. [Reavskii KS, Kharlamov AN; Farmakol Toksikol 43 (3): 284-8 (1980)]**PEER REVIEWED**
  • Approx 50% inhibition of ammonia oxidation /occurred/ in Nitrosomonas at 0.9 mg/l. [Verschueren, K. Handbook of Environmental Data on Organic Chemicals. 3rd ed. New York, NY: Van Nostrand Reinhold Co., 1996., p. 1715]**PEER REVIEWED**
  • Thiocarbamylhydrazine was administered at 0.0312 and 0.0156% solution in drinking water for life to randomly bred Swiss mice. The consumption of /thiocarbamylhydrazine/ resulted in no detectable tumorigenic effect in treated animals. [Toth B; Fundam Appl Toxicol 2 (4): 173-6 (1982)]**PEER REVIEWED**
  • GABAergic antagonists (thiosemicarbazide) enhanced aggressive behavior and decreased the social behavior of mice. [Poshivalov VP; Byull Eksp Biol Med 91 (5): 584-7 (1981)]**PEER REVIEWED**
  • Glutamic acid decarboxylase activity in mouse brain homogenates was reduced after pretreatment with thiosemicarbazide. [Sawaya C et al; Biochem pharmacol 28 (18): 2854-6 (1979)]**PEER REVIEWED**
  • ANTU causes a greatly incr permeability of the lung capillaries, which results in pulmonary edema. The quantity of lymph produced in lung is so great that pulmonary edema develops & the animal /rodent/ "drowns" in its own secretions. Experiments with ... thiosemicarbazide ... suggest that thioureas produce pulmonary edema by short-circuiting action as a result of vasoconstriction mediated through the sympathetic system. /Alpha-naphthylthiourea/ [Clarke, M. L., D. G. Harvey and D. J. Humphreys. Veterinary Toxicology. 2nd ed. London: Bailliere Tindall, 1981., p. 160]**PEER REVIEWED**
  • THIOSEMICARBAZIDE REACTED AT ACID PH WITH EMBRYONIC CALF SKIN COLLAGEN TO GIVE A PRODUCT WHICH CONTAINED 2 MOLES OF THIOSEMICARBAZIDE PER MOLE OF COLLAGEN. THIOSEMICARBAZIDE-DENATURED COLLAGEN BEHAVED LIKE LATHYRITIC COLLAGEN WITH RESPECT TO IMPAIRED INTERMOLECULAR CROSS-LINKING BUT HAD NO DEFICIENCY OF INTRAMOLECULAR CROSS-LINKS, SUGGESTING THAT THE 2 PROPERTIES ARE NOT NECESSARILY INTERDEPENDENT. [TANZER ML ET AL; BIOCHEMISTRY 5 (6): 1919-26 (1966)]**PEER REVIEWED**
  • Wood frog (Rana sylvatica) tadpoles were exposed to 50 mg thiosemicarbazide/l water for varying lengths of time and at different developmental stages. Short exposures periods (3 and 6 hr) resulted in no visible deformities. Exposure periods of 12 or more hr caused slight to severe abnormalities. Tadpoles exposed to thiosemicabazide from posthatching days 24-30 were more seriously affected than were tadpoles exposed at an older age. [Riley EE, Weil MR; Ecotox Environ Safety 13 (2): 202-7 (1987)]**PEER REVIEWED**
  • Rats subjected to an emotional stress, pain, exhibited decreased aggressive locomotion activity and developed gastric lesions accompanied by an incr in GABA and a decr in GABA transaminase in the forebrain but not in the brainstem. Administration of a GABA synthesis inhibitor thiosemicarbazide decreased the resistance of rats to stress. [Andreev BV et al; Zh Vyssh Neryn Deyat im IP Pavlova 32 (3): 511-9 (1982)]**PEER REVIEWED**
  • SC INJECTIONS OF THIOSEMICARBAZIDE INTO POSTNATAL MICE CAUSED CONVULSIONS IN MICE WHEN TREATED ON THE DAY 7 OR LATER BUT NOT ON THE DAY 1-5. THE LATENT PERIOD OF THE 1ST CONVULSION WAS 115 MIN IN MICE INJECTED ON THE DAY 7. THE CONVULSIONS WERE INHIBITED BY PYRIDOXINE-HCL, BUT NOT BY PYRIDOXAL PHOSPHATE. [YAMASHITA J; VITAMINS 47 (3-4): 167-73 (1973)]**PEER REVIEWED**
  • The effects of exposure of Rana sylvatica tadpoles to varying concn (10-75 mg/l for 4 days) of thiosemicarbazide was studied. Exposure to concn of 25 mg/l or more caused a curvature of digits, abnormal limb articulations, difficulty in swimming, and death. For all of these parameters, effects were dose dependent. Tadpoles exposed to 10 mg/l metamorphosed significantly slower than controls while those exposed to 50 mg/l metamorphosed significantly faster than controls. Rate of endochondral ossification in femurs and tibio-fibulas also was affected by thiosemicarbazide. These long bones ossified faster than in controls in both the 25 and 75 mg/l exposure groups. Rana sylvatica tadpoles respond to thiosemicarbazide (a known osteolathyrogen) in a manner similar to that of other species. This response appears to be due in part to an acceleration of long bone ossification and speed of metamorphosis in high concn exposure groups. These responses are similar but not identical to those seen in Xenopus laevis, the only other amphibian studied to date. [Riley EE, Weil MR; Ecotoxicol Environ Safety 12 (2): 154-60 (1986)]**PEER REVIEWED**

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Human Toxicity Values

  • None found

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Non-Human Toxicity Values

  • LD50 Norway Rat adult oral 13 mg/kg [Budavari, S. (ed.). The Merck Index - An Encyclopedia of Chemicals, Drugs, and Biologicals. Whitehouse Station, NJ: Merck and Co., Inc., 1996., p. 1597]**PEER REVIEWED**
  • LD50 Rat oral 9160 ug/kg [Lewis, R.J. Sax's Dangerous Properties of Industrial Materials. 9th ed. Volumes 1-3. New York, NY: Van Nostrand Reinhold, 1996., p. 3165]**PEER REVIEWED**
  • LD50 Mouse ip 1 mg/kg [Lewis, R.J. Sax's Dangerous Properties of Industrial Materials. 9th ed. Volumes 1-3. New York, NY: Van Nostrand Reinhold, 1996., p. 3165]**PEER REVIEWED**
  • LD50 Mouse sc 16,407 ug/kg [Lewis, R.J. Sax's Dangerous Properties of Industrial Materials. 9th ed. Volumes 1-3. New York, NY: Van Nostrand Reinhold, 1996., p. 3165]**PEER REVIEWED**
  • LD50 Mouse iv 13 mg/kg [Lewis, R.J. Sax's Dangerous Properties of Industrial Materials. 9th ed. Volumes 1-3. New York, NY: Van Nostrand Reinhold, 1996., p. 3165]**PEER REVIEWED**
  • LD50 Dog oral 10 mg/kg [Lewis, R.J. Sax's Dangerous Properties of Industrial Materials. 9th ed. Volumes 1-3. New York, NY: Van Nostrand Reinhold, 1996., p. 3165]**PEER REVIEWED**
  • LD50 Cat oral 20 mg/kg [Lewis, R.J. Sax's Dangerous Properties of Industrial Materials. 9th ed. Volumes 1-3. New York, NY: Van Nostrand Reinhold, 1996., p. 3165]**PEER REVIEWED**
  • LD50 Guinea pig ip 24 mg/kg [Lewis, R.J. Sax's Dangerous Properties of Industrial Materials. 9th ed. Volumes 1-3. New York, NY: Van Nostrand Reinhold, 1996., p. 3165]**PEER REVIEWED**

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Absorption, Distribution and Excretion

  • None found

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Metabolism/Metabolites

  • None found

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TSCA Test Submissions

  • Thiosemicarbazide (CAS # 79-19-6) was evaluated in range-finding study for acute oral toxicity in male CD rats administered single doses (0.5% Methocel dispersion, 10 mL/kg) of 0, 5, and 50 mg/kg by gavage. All rats of a 50 mg/kg dose were dead upon 2-hour observation, having shown no overt signs of toxicity one hour post-gavage. Terminal necropsy disclosed wet and/or tan or red-stained muzzles and darkened livers. No apparent toxicity was reported among rats of a 5 mg/kg dose and the study authors assigned an acute oral LD50 between 1 and 50 mg/kg.[Rohm & Haas Co; Acute Toxicity Screening Studies with Thiosemicarbazide in Rats and Rabbits (Final Report); 03/31/87; EPA Document No. 88-920004262; Fiche No. OTS0540610]**UNREVIEWED**
  • Thiosemicarbazide (CAS # 79-19-6) was evaluated in range-finding study for acute dermal toxicity in male CD rats administered single occluded dermal applications (0.85% saline, 1:1) of 0, 20, and 200 mg/kg for 24 hours. Study authors reported incomplete cleansing of test substance from the application sites after treatment and possible oral exposure of treated rats by preening. Dermal exposure was associated with mortality in 5/6 high dose rats only, 4 on Day 1 of 14-day post-treatment observation and 1 on the day of treatment. Prior to death, the decedent rats unanimously exhibited convulsions, tremors, salivation, aggressiveness, and red-stained muzzle. Terminal necropsy disclosed wet and/or tan or red-stained muzzles and darkened livers. No apparent toxicity was reported among the solitary surviving rat of a 200 mg/kg application or rats of a 20 mg/kg dose, and no dermal irritation (Draize) was noted in any treated animal. The study authors assigned an acute dermal LD50 between 20 and 200 mg/kg.[Rohm & Haas Co; Acute Toxicity Screening Studies with Thiosemicarbazide in Rats and Rabbits (Final Report); 03/31/87; EPA Document No. 88-920004262; Fiche No. OTS0540610]**UNREVIEWED**
  • Thiosemicarbazide (CAS # 79-19-6) was evaluated in range-finding study for eye irritation in 6 male New Zealand White rabbits administered single 0.1 g instillations onto the corneal surface of a single eye. Half (3/6) of the eyes were cleansed at 20-30 seconds after the exposure. No ocular irritation (Draize) of cornea, iris, or conjunctivae was reported in any animal throughout 7-day post-instillation observation.[Rohm & Haas Co; Acute Toxicity Screening Studies with Thiosemicarbazide in Rats and Rabbits (Final Report); 03/31/87; EPA Document No. 88-920004262; Fiche No. OTS0540610]**UNREVIEWED**

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Footnotes

1 Source: the National Library of Medicine's Hazardous Substance Database, 10/28/2007.

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Web page last updated on May 14, 2008