LOCATION EDWARDS MI+IL IN NY OH WIEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Marly, euic, mesic Limnic Haplosaprists
TYPICAL PEDON: Edwards muck, on a less than 1 percent slope in an idle area under the vegetation of shrubs and trees at an elevation of 955 feet. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
Oa1--0 to 7 inches; black (N 2.5/0) broken face and rubbed muck (sapric material); a trace of fiber unrubbed and rubbed; weak medium subangular blocky structure parting to moderate coarse granular; very friable; neutral; clear smooth boundary.
Oa2--7 to 13 inches; dark reddish brown (5YR 3/2) broken face and black (5YR 2.5/1) rubbed muck (sapric material); 8 percent fiber unrubbed, a trace of fiber rubbed; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; very friable; slightly alkaline; clear wavy boundary.
Oa3--13 to 17 inches; dark reddish brown (5YR 3/2) broken face and black (5YR 2.5/1) rubbed muck (sapric material); 35 percent fiber, 5 percent rubbed; weak thin platy structure; very friable; slightly alkaline; clear smooth boundary.
Oa4--17 to 24 inches; 50 percent very dark gray (5YR 3/1) and 50 percent dark reddish brown (5YR 3/3) broken face, black (5YR 2.5/1) rubbed muck (sapric material); 25 percent fiber, 2 percent rubbed; weak thin platy structure; friable; neutral; abrupt smooth boundary. (Combined thickness of the Oa horizon is 16 to 51 inches.)
Lma1--24 to 40 inches; 90 percent gray (10YR 5/1) and 10 percent gray (10YR 6/1) marly silty clay loam; 2 inch strata of muck at 37 inches; massive; friable; prominent dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/6) masses of iron oxide accumulation around organic remnants; violently effervescent throughout; moderately alkaline; gradual smooth boundary.
Lma2--40 to 85 inches; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) marly silt loam; massive; friable; black (N 2.5/0) organic spots; violently effervescent throughout; moderately alkaline.
TYPE LOCATION: Jackson County, Michigan; within the city limits of Jackson; 924 feet south and 1,320 feet east of northwest corner of sec. 36, T. 2 S., R. 1 W.; U.S.G.S. Jackson North topographic quadrangle; lat. 42 degrees 15 minutes 45 seconds N. and long. 84 degrees 22 minutes 30 seconds W., NAD 27; UTM Zone 16, 716512 easting and 4682261 northing, NAD 83.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: The depth to marly material (Lma horizon) ranges from 16 to 51 inches. The organic fibers are derived primarily from herbaceous plants, but some layers contain as much as 20 percent woody material. Reaction of the organic material ranges from very strongly acid to slightly alkaline. Carbonates are in the organic layers in some pedons.
The surface tier (Oa1 or Oap) has hue of 10YR or is neutral, value of 2, 2.5, or 3, and chroma of 0 to 2. It is dominantly muck (sapric material), however, some pedons have mucky peat (hemic material).
The subsurface and bottom tiers (Oa horizons) have hue of 5YR to 10YR, or is neutral, value of 2 to 4, and chroma of 0 to 3. It is dominantly muck (sapric material). Thin layers, less than 10 inches thick, of mucky peat (hemic material) are in some pedons.
The Lma horizon has hue of 10YR to 5Y, value of 4 to 8, and chroma of 1 or 2. It is marly silt loam or marly silty clay loam. Reaction ranges from neutral to moderately alkaline. A layer less than 2 inches thick of coprogenous material is present above the marly material in some pedons. In some pedons the marly material has a layer of sandy or loamy material less than 12 inches thick within a depth of 51 inches. Some pedons have thin strata less than 3 inches thick of muck (sapric material).
COMPETING SERIES: This is the Edselton series. Similar soils are the Adrian, Antung, Carlisle, Houghton, Kerston, Lena, Linwood, Madaus, Martisco, Moston, Muskego, Palms, Rondeau, Toto, Warners, and Willette series. All the soils listed except Edselton, Madaus, Martisco, Rondeau, Toto, and Warners soils do not have marly material within the control section. Edselton soils have sand within 51 inches of the surface. Madaus and Martisco soils formed in less than 16 inches of herbaceous organic deposits over marly material. Rondeau soils are frigid. Toto soils have a layer of coprogenous material more than 2 inches thick above the marly material. Warners soils formed in mineral material. In addition, Adrian and Antung soils have a layer of sandy material within the control section. Carlisle, Houghton, and Lena soils formed in organic material more than 51 inches thick. Kerston soils have 2 or more mineral layers within the control section ranging from 2 to 12 inches in thickness. Linwood and Palms soils have a layer of loamy mineral material more than 12 inches thick within the control section. Moston and Muskego soils formed in herbaceous organic deposits over coprogenous material. Willette soils have a layer of clayey mineral material more than 12 inches thick within the control section.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Edwards soils formed in herbaceous organic materials overlying marly material in closed depressions on outwash plains, lake plains, and ground moraines. Slope gradients are normally less than 2 percent, but range to about 6 percent on some toe slopes. Mean annual temperature ranges from 45 to 53 degrees F., mean annual precipitation ranges from 30 to 42 inches, frost-free period ranges from 130 to 180 days, and elevation ranges from 580 to 1,530 feet above sea level.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Adrian, Antung, Houghton, Linwood, Madaus, Martisco, Moston, Palms, Toto, Willette, and the competing Edselton soils. These very poorly drained soils are on similar landform positions as Edward soils and are differentiated in the above competing series paragraph.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Very poorly drained. The potential for surface runoff is negligible. Permeability is moderately slow to moderately rapid in the organic material and slow in the marly material. The depth to the seasonal high water table ranges from 1 foot above the surface to 1 foot below the surface in normal years.
USE AND VEGETATION: Some areas are cropped; however, the majority of the areas are in native vegetation consisting of brush and trees. Common tree species include quaking aspen, American elm, silver maple, and northern white-cedar.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: MLRAs 91, 95A, 95B, 96, 97, 98, 99, 101, 108, and 111 in Michigan, Indiana, Ohio, New York, and possibly Wisconsin and Minnesota. The soils are of large extent.
MLRA OFFICE RESPONSIBLE: Indianapolis, Indiana.
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Ogemaw County, Michigan, 1923.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are: well decomposed organic material from the surface to 24 inches (Oa1, Oa2, Oa3, and Oa4 horizons); histic epipedon - muck from the surface to 16 inches (Oa1, Oa2, Oa3); aquic conditions - from the surface to 85 inches; limnic subgroup - marly material from a depth of 24 to 85 inches (Lma). Drained (MI0774) and Undrained (MI0775) phases are recognized.
ADDITIONAL DATA: Characterization data is available for the typical pedon (S99MI-075-001) from the National Soil Survey Laboratory, Lincoln, NE. Transect data (T99-MI-007) for the typical pedon is on file in MLRA project office, Plymouth, Indiana. Transect shows 90 percent Edwards soils and 10 percent Martisco soils.