Polliotti BM, Lee FK, Nesheim SR, Lindsay M, Keesling SS, Nahmias AJ; International Conference on AIDS.

Int Conf AIDS. 1993 Jun 6-11; 9: 211 (abstract no. PO-A21-0459).

Dept. of Ped., Emory Univ. School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential effect of maternal neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) on perinatal HIV transmission in women with one or several pregnancies. A retrospective study (1986-1992) of 100 pregnancies of HIV-positive women at Grady Memorial Hospital, Atlanta, was performed, included multiple pregnancies from 26 women. Infants born to these women were followed and the outcome determined according to the CDC classification or concordant results in PCR, P24 antigen and ELISPOT tests. Neutralizing antibodies were determined with the MTT colorimetric assay and the titer expressed as the highest serum dilution protecting the MT4 cells from the HIV-1 (IIIb) infection. Analyses of all 100 pregnancies shows that the sera collected in 24 pregnancies had no detectable NAbs. These pregnancies resulted in 6 infected infants (25%) and 18 uninfected babies (75%). In comparison, 76 pregnancies from mothers with serum NAb titers of 40-2425 resulted in 21 infected babies (28%) and 55 uninfected (72%). The risk of HIV transmission to the infants from mothers with, or without NAbs, was not significantly different (p = 0.66). In the serial pregnancies, there were 3 different patterns of NAbs: constant titer (negative, low or high)--27%, increasing titer--54% and decreasing titer--19%. The risk of having a second baby infected was not significantly different if the NAb titers increased, decreased or stayed constant. The absence of NAbs in the maternal sera does not seem to be linked to an increased risk of infection for the baby. In this large series, which includes testing HIV positive women with multiple pregnancies, NAbs do not appear to correlate to materno-infant transmission. Studies are now focused on determining the NAb patterns against homologous virus isolates from the mothers and infants.

Publication Types:

• Meeting Abstracts

Keywords:

• AIDS Vaccines
• Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
• Disease Transmission, Vertical
• Female
• HIV
• HIV Antibodies
• HIV Core Protein p24
• HIV Envelope Protein gp120
• HIV Infections
• HIV Seropositivity
• HIV Seroprevalence
• HIV-1
• Humans
• Immunologic Tests
• Infant
• Mothers
• Neutralization Tests
• Retrospective Studies
• immunology
• transmission

Other ID:

• 93333917

UI: 102203291

From Meeting Abstracts