14. DESCRIPTIVE FILE ON THE MAGNETIC MEDIA The following is a listing of the first file provided on the magnetic media distributed by CDIAC. This file provides variable descriptions, formats, units, and other pertinent information about each file associated with this data base. TITLE OF THE DATA BASE HISTORIC LAND USE AND CARBON ESTIMATES FOR SOUTH AND SOUTHEAST ASIA: 1880-1980 CONTRIBUTORS John F. Richards Elizabeth P. Flint Department of History Department of History Duke University Duke University Durham, NC 27708 Durham, NC 27708 U.S.A. U.S.A. SCOPE OF THE DATA This data base contains estimates of land use and the carbon content of vegetation for South and Southeast Asia for the years 1880, 1920, 1950, 1970, and 1980. For purposes of this Numeric Data Package (NDP), South and Southeast Asia encompasses the countries of India, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Myanmar (Burma), Thailand, Laos, Kampuchea (Cambodia), Vietnam, Malaysia, Brunei, Singapore, Indonesia, and the Philippines. Information on the population of each country and ecological zone, as well as information on the number of livestock in each country and zone, are included with this NDP. [An ecological zone is made up of one or more contiguous political units (e.g., districts) that have been grouped together based on socio- ecological similarities.] These data may be used by demographers, historians, geographers, or other researchers who are interested in the relationship between land cover change, land degradation, and anthropogenic activities. The data within this NDP were collected by John Richards and Elizabeth Flint at Duke University, Durham, North Carolina. Data collection was sponsored by the Environmental Sciences Division, U.S. Department of Energy, in support of DOE's Global Carbon Cycle Research Program. The data base was collected to reduce the uncertainty associated with the historic release of carbon into the atmosphere by land use change in South and Southeast Asia. DATA FORMATS The data distributed with this NDP were initially received as Lotus 1-2-3(tm) WK1 or WK3 spreadsheets and the base maps were obtained as ARC/INFO(tm) export files. The Lotus 1-2-3(tm) spreadsheets have been standardized into the WK1 file format and have been exported into flat ASCII data files to allow for use by a wider audience. The ARC/INFO(tm) E00 files have also been exported (using the UNGENERATE command in ARC/INFO(tm)) and are formatted in a flat ASCII format. Thus, the data contained in this NDP are available in their entirety in several flat ASCII files (data and base maps) as well as in Lotus 1-2-3(tm) WK1 and ARC/INFO(tm) E00 files. Seventy-five supporting Lotus 1-2-3(tm) WK1 files have been provided with this NDP to help document how each of the primary data sources were utilized and how the conversion processes were used to transform the original (source) land use categories into the eight standard land use classes used in this data package. Because of the dissimilar and subjective nature of these files, they have not been quality assured by CDIAC. Questions regarding the contents of these files should be directed to the primary investigators. All land use data values presented in these data files are expressed in units of 10^3 ha. The human and livestock population data are also expressed in thousands. The carbon content estimates for each land use type are expressed in Mg of carbon per ha (i.e., 1 Mg of carbon = 1 metric ton of carbon). The estimated carbon contents were multiplied by the land use figures to obtain the total amount of carbon sequestered in live vegetation for each land use class, zone, and year in the data set. These total carbon estimates are expressed in 10^3 Mg of carbon. FLAT ASCII DATA FILES: Five flat ASCII data files are provided with this data package. Four SAS(tm) and FORTRAN programs designed to read and print the contents of each data file are also provided. The information within these files will allow the user to ascertain the amount of change in land use, concentration of carbon per ha by land use class, and the change in the amount of carbon sequestered in live vegetation that has occurred in South and Southeast Asia over the last 100 years. ---------------- ARC/INFO(tm) is a registered trademark of the Environmental Systems Research Institute, Inc., Redlands, CA 92372. SAS(tm) is a registered trademark of the SAS Institute, Inc., Cary, NC 27511-8000. Lotus 1-2-3(tm) is a registered trademark of Lotus Development Corporation, Cambridge, MA 02142. ---------------- FILE: LANDCARB.ASC What follows is a description of the contents and format (variable names, widths, etc.) of the five flat ASCII data files distributed with this data package. The name of the first flat ASCII file is LANDCARB.ASC (File 2). A summary of the FORTRAN format statements used to read File 2 follow. CHARACTER COUNTRY*20, ZONE*26 REAL XLAND(90),XMGCHA(60) INTEGER CARB(70), ID 10 READ(5,100,END=999) ID, COUNTRY, ZONE READ(5,110) (XLAND(I),I=1,90),(XMGCHA(I),I=1,60), 1 (CARB(I),I=1,65), (CARB(I),I=66,70) C 100 FORMAT(I4,A20,A26) 110 FORMAT(18(5F10.2,/),12(5F10.2,/),13(5I10,/),5I10) The variables in LANDCARB.ASC, listed in Table 6, are shown in the same order as they appear in File 2. Table 6. Variable formats for LANDCARB.ASC (File 2). ---------------------------------------------------------------- Variable Variable Variable Start End name type width column column ---------------------------------------------------------------- ID Integer 4 1 4 COUNTRY Character 20 5 24 ZONE Character 26 25 50 --------------- END OF LINE 1 -------------- LAG_ALL1 Real 10 1 10 LAG_ALL2 Real 10 11 20 LAG_ALL3 Real 10 21 30 LAG_ALL4 Real 10 31 40 LAG_ALL5 Real 10 41 50 --------------- END OF LINE 2 -------------- LAG_TMP1 Real 10 1 10 LAG_TMP2 Real 10 11 20 LAG_TMP3 Real 10 21 30 LAG_TMP4 Real 10 31 40 LAG_TMP5 Real 10 41 50 --------------- END OF LINE 3 -------------- LAG_PRM1 Real 10 1 10 LAG_PRM2 Real 10 11 20 LAG_PRM3 Real 10 21 30 LAG_PRM4 Real 10 31 40 LAG_PRM5 Real 10 41 50 --------------- END OF LINE 4 -------------- LSETTLE1 Real 10 1 10 LSETTLE2 Real 10 11 20 LSETTLE3 Real 10 21 30 LSETTLE4 Real 10 31 40 LSETTLE5 Real 10 41 50 --------------- END OF LINE 5 -------------- LFR_CON1 Real 10 1 10 LFR_CON2 Real 10 11 20 LFR_CON3 Real 10 21 30 LFR_CON4 Real 10 31 40 LFR_CON5 Real 10 41 50 --------------- END OF LINE 6 -------------- LFR_INT1 Real 10 1 10 LFR_INT2 Real 10 11 20 LFR_INT3 Real 10 21 30 LFR_INT4 Real 10 31 40 LFR_INT5 Real 10 41 50 --------------- END OF LINE 7 -------------- LWT_ALL1 Real 10 1 10 LWT_ALL2 Real 10 11 20 LWT_ALL3 Real 10 21 30 LWT_ALL4 Real 10 31 40 LWT_ALL5 Real 10 41 50 --------------- END OF LINE 8 -------------- LWT_FOR1 Real 10 1 10 LWT_FOR2 Real 10 11 20 LWT_FOR3 Real 10 21 30 LWT_FOR4 Real 10 31 40 LWT_FOR5 Real 10 41 50 --------------- END OF LINE 9 -------------- LWT_NON1 Real 10 1 10 LWT_NON2 Real 10 11 20 LWT_NON3 Real 10 21 30 LWT_NON4 Real 10 31 40 LWT_NON5 Real 10 41 50 --------------- END OF LINE 10 ------------- LGRASS1 Real 10 1 10 LGRASS2 Real 10 11 20 LGRASS3 Real 10 21 30 LGRASS4 Real 10 31 40 LGRASS5 Real 10 41 50 --------------- END OF LINE 11 -------------- LBARREN1 Real 10 1 10 LBARREN2 Real 10 11 20 LBARREN3 Real 10 21 30 LBARREN4 Real 10 31 40 LBARREN5 Real 10 41 50 --------------- END OF LINE 12 -------------- LWATER1 Real 10 1 10 LWATER2 Real 10 11 20 LWATER3 Real 10 21 30 LWATER4 Real 10 31 40 LWATER5 Real 10 41 50 --------------- END OF LINE 13 -------------- LTOT_LA1 Real 10 1 10 LTOT_LA2 Real 10 11 20 LTOT_LA3 Real 10 21 30 LTOT_LA4 Real 10 31 40 LTOT_LA5 Real 10 41 50 --------------- END OF LINE 14 -------------- LTOT_FR1 Real 10 1 10 LTOT_FR2 Real 10 11 20 LTOT_FR3 Real 10 21 30 LTOT_FR4 Real 10 31 40 LTOT_FR5 Real 10 41 50 --------------- END OF LINE 15 -------------- LTOT_HP1 Real 10 1 10 LTOT_HP2 Real 10 11 20 LTOT_HP3 Real 10 21 30 LTOT_HP4 Real 10 31 40 LTOT_HP5 Real 10 41 50 --------------- END OF LINE 16 -------------- LTOT_LP1 Real 10 1 10 LTOT_LP2 Real 10 11 20 LTOT_LP3 Real 10 21 30 LTOT_LP4 Real 10 31 40 LTOT_LP5 Real 10 41 50 --------------- END OF LINE 17 -------------- LDEN_H1 Real 10 1 10 LDEN_H2 Real 10 11 20 LDEN_H3 Real 10 21 30 LDEN_H4 Real 10 31 40 LDEN_H5 Real 10 41 50 --------------- END OF LINE 18 -------------- LDEN_L1 Real 10 1 10 LDEN_L2 Real 10 11 20 LDEN_L3 Real 10 21 30 LDEN_L4 Real 10 31 40 LDEN_L5 Real 10 41 50 -------------- END OF LAND USE DATA -------------- TAG_ALL1 Real 10 1 10 TAG_ALL2 Real 10 11 20 TAG_ALL3 Real 10 21 30 TAG_ALL4 Real 10 31 40 TAG_ALL5 Real 10 41 50 --------------- END OF LINE 20 -------------- TAG_TMP1 Real 10 1 10 TAG_TMP2 Real 10 11 20 TAG_TMP3 Real 10 21 30 TAG_TMP4 Real 10 31 40 TAG_TMP5 Real 10 41 50 --------------- END OF LINE 21 -------------- TAG_PRM1 Real 10 1 10 TAG_PRM2 Real 10 11 20 TAG_PRM3 Real 10 21 30 TAG_PRM4 Real 10 31 40 TAG_PRM5 Real 10 41 50 --------------- END OF LINE 22 -------------- TSETTLE1 Real 10 1 10 TSETTLE2 Real 10 11 20 TSETTLE3 Real 10 21 30 TSETTLE4 Real 10 31 40 TSETTLE5 Real 10 41 50 --------------- END OF LINE 23 -------------- TFR_CON1 Real 10 1 10 TFR_CON2 Real 10 11 20 TFR_CON3 Real 10 21 30 TFR_CON4 Real 10 31 40 TFR_CON5 Real 10 41 50 --------------- END OF LINE 24 -------------- TFR_INT1 Real 10 1 10 TFR_INT2 Real 10 11 20 TFR_INT3 Real 10 21 30 TFR_INT4 Real 10 31 40 TFR_INT5 Real 10 41 50 --------------- END OF LINE 25 -------------- TWT_ALL1 Real 10 1 10 TWT_ALL2 Real 10 11 20 TWT_ALL3 Real 10 21 30 TWT_ALL4 Real 10 31 40 TWT_ALL5 Real 10 41 50 --------------- END OF LINE 26 -------------- TWT_FOR1 Real 10 1 10 TWT_FOR2 Real 10 11 20 TWT_FOR3 Real 10 21 30 TWT_FOR4 Real 10 31 40 TWT_FOR5 Real 10 41 50 --------------- END OF LINE 27 -------------- TWT_NON1 Real 10 1 10 TWT_NON2 Real 10 11 20 TWT_NON3 Real 10 21 30 TWT_NON4 Real 10 31 40 TWT_NON5 Real 10 41 50 --------------- END OF LINE 28 ------------- TGRASS1 Real 10 1 10 TGRASS2 Real 10 11 20 TGRASS3 Real 10 21 30 TGRASS4 Real 10 31 40 TGRASS5 Real 10 41 50 --------------- END OF LINE 29 -------------- TBARREN1 Real 10 1 10 TBARREN2 Real 10 11 20 TBARREN3 Real 10 21 30 TBARREN4 Real 10 31 40 TBARREN5 Real 10 41 50 --------------- END OF LINE 30 -------------- TWATER1 Real 10 1 10 TWATER2 Real 10 11 20 TWATER3 Real 10 21 30 TWATER4 Real 10 31 40 TWATER5 Real 10 41 50 --------------- END OF Mg C/ha DATA -------------- CAG_ALL1 Real 10 1 10 CAG_ALL2 Real 10 11 20 CAG_ALL3 Real 10 21 30 CAG_ALL4 Real 10 31 40 CAG_ALL5 Real 10 41 50 --------------- END OF LINE 32 -------------- CAG_TMP1 Real 10 1 10 CAG_TMP2 Real 10 11 20 CAG_TMP3 Real 10 21 30 CAG_TMP4 Real 10 31 40 CAG_TMP5 Real 10 41 50 --------------- END OF LINE 33 -------------- CAG_PRM1 Real 10 1 10 CAG_PRM2 Real 10 11 20 CAG_PRM3 Real 10 21 30 CAG_PRM4 Real 10 31 40 CAG_PRM5 Real 10 41 50 --------------- END OF LINE 34 -------------- CSETTLE1 Real 10 1 10 CSETTLE2 Real 10 11 20 CSETTLE3 Real 10 21 30 CSETTLE4 Real 10 31 40 CSETTLE5 Real 10 41 50 --------------- END OF LINE 35 -------------- CFR_CON1 Real 10 1 10 CFR_CON2 Real 10 11 20 CFR_CON3 Real 10 21 30 CFR_CON4 Real 10 31 40 CFR_CON5 Real 10 41 50 --------------- END OF LINE 36 ------------- CFR_INT1 Real 10 1 10 CFR_INT2 Real 10 11 20 CFR_INT3 Real 10 21 30 CFR_INT4 Real 10 31 40 CFR_INT5 Real 10 41 50 --------------- END OF LINE 37 ------------- CWT_ALL1 Real 10 1 10 CWT_ALL2 Real 10 11 20 CWT_ALL3 Real 10 21 30 CWT_ALL4 Real 10 31 40 CWT_ALL5 Real 10 41 50 --------------- END OF LINE 38 -------------- CWT_FOR1 Real 10 1 10 CWT_FOR2 Real 10 11 20 CWT_FOR3 Real 10 21 30 CWT_FOR4 Real 10 31 40 CWT_FOR5 Real 10 41 50 --------------- END OF LINE 39 -------------- CWT_NON1 Real 10 1 10 CWT_NON2 Real 10 11 20 CWT_NON3 Real 10 21 30 CWT_NON4 Real 10 31 40 CWT_NON5 Real 10 41 50 --------------- END OF LINE 40 ------------- CGRASS1 Real 10 1 10 CGRASS2 Real 10 11 20 CGRASS3 Real 10 21 30 CGRASS4 Real 10 31 40 CGRASS5 Real 10 41 50 --------------- END OF LINE 41 -------------- CBARREN1 Real 10 1 10 CBARREN2 Real 10 11 20 CBARREN3 Real 10 21 30 CBARREN4 Real 10 31 40 CBARREN5 Real 10 41 50 --------------- END OF LINE 42 -------------- CWATER1 Real 10 1 10 CWATER2 Real 10 11 20 CWATER3 Real 10 21 30 CWATER4 Real 10 31 40 CWATER5 Real 10 41 50 --------------- END OF LINE 43 -------------- CTOT_LA1 Real 10 1 10 CTOT_LA2 Real 10 11 20 CTOT_LA3 Real 10 21 30 CTOT_LA4 Real 10 31 40 CTOT_LA5 Real 10 41 50 --------------- END OF LINE 44 -------------- CTOT_FR1 Real 10 1 10 CTOT_FR2 Real 10 11 20 CTOT_FR3 Real 10 21 30 CTOT_FR4 Real 10 31 40 CTOT_FR5 Real 10 41 50 -------------- END OF TOTAL CARBON DATA ------------- --------------- END OF RECORD -------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------- Where: ID is the zone identification number. COUNTRY is the country name. ZONE is the zone name. The following variable names have a numeric value from 1 to 5 appended to them and a character (L, T, or C) prepended. The numeric values indicate the year for which the variable contains data. A values of 1 indicates that the variable holds data for 1880, 2 for 1920, 3 for 1950, 4 for 1970, and 5 for 1980. The prepended character indicates if the variable contains (L)and use data (in 10^3 ha); an estimate of the amount of carbon stored per a ha [in Mg/ha or (T)/ha]; or the total amount of (C)arbon sequestered in live vegetation (in Mg). For example purposes the L prefix is used to describe the remaining variables. LAG_ALL is the total amount of land devoted to agriculture in a given year. LAG_TMP is the amount of agricultural land devoted to temporary annual crops in a given year. LAG_PRM is the amount of agricultural land devoted to permanent perennial crops in a given year. LSETTLE is the amount of land devoted to settled or built-up lands in a given year. LFR_CON is the amount of land covered with uninterrupted forest (forest lands with greater than 40% crown closure) in a given year. LFR_INT is the amount of land covered with interrupted woods (forest lands with less than 40% crown closure) in a given year. LWT_ALL is the total amount of land covered by wetlands in a given year. LWT_FOR is the amount of land covered by forested wetland (e.g., mangroves, swamp forest) in a given year. LWT_NON is the amount of wetland dominated by nonwoody vegetation in a given year. LGRASS is the amount of land covered by grass or brush lands in a given year. LBARREN is the amount of land covered by barren or sparsely vegetated (e.g., desert, alpine tundra) land in a given year. LWATER is the amount of land covered by standing water in a given year. The primary cause of changes in this value is the construction of water retention facilities. LTOT_LA is the total land area of the zone. LTOT_FR is the total forest cover in the zone. This variable is the sum of LFR_CON, LFR_INT, and LWT_FOR. LTOT_HP is the human population in thousands. LTOT_LP is the livestock population in thousands. Livestock are defined as any four footed domesticated stock animal (e.g., cattle, water buffalo, goats, sheep, pigs, and equines). LDEN_H is the human population density in persons per ha. LDEN_L is the livestock population density in head per ha. FILE: FLAGS.ASC The second flat ASCII file provides accuracy flags derived based on the type and quality of the source data used in developing the values contained in LANDCARB.ASC (File 2). This file should be used when individual data values are extracted from this data base to determine the lineage of the data for a given time period in a given ecological zone. What follows is a description of the contents and format (variable names, widths, etc.) of the second flat ASCII data file distributed with this data package. The name of the second flat ASCII file is FLAGS.ASC (File 5). A summary of the FORTRAN format statements used to read File 5 follow. CHARACTER COUNTRY*20, ZONE*26 INTEGER ID, AG_FLG(5), NON_FLG(5), HP_FLG(5), LP_FLG(5) 10 READ(5,100,END=999) ID, COUNTRY, ZONE READ(5,110) (AG_FLG(I),I=1,5), (NON_FLG(I),I=1,5), (HP_FLG(I),I=1,5), (LP_FLG(I),I=1,5) C 100 FORMAT(I4,A20,A26) 110 FORMAT(3(5I10,/),5I10) The variables in FLAGS.ASC, listed in Table 7, are shown as they appear in File 5. Table 7. Variable formats for FLAGS.ASC (File 5). ---------------------------------------------------------------- Variable Variable Variable Start End name type width column column ---------------------------------------------------------------- ID Integer 4 1 4 COUNTRY Character 20 5 24 ZONE Character 26 25 50 --------------- END OF LINE 1 -------------- AG_FLG1 Real 10 1 10 AG_FLG2 Real 10 11 20 AG_FLG3 Real 10 21 30 AG_FLG4 Real 10 31 40 AG_FLG5 Real 10 41 50 --------------- END OF LINE 2-------------- NON_FLG1 Real 10 1 10 NON_FLG2 Real 10 11 20 NON_FLG3 Real 10 21 30 NON_FLG4 Real 10 31 40 NON_FLG5 Real 10 41 50 --------------- END OF LINE 3-------------- HP_FLG1 Real 10 1 10 HP_FLG2 Real 10 11 20 HP_FLG3 Real 10 21 30 HP_FLG4 Real 10 31 40 HP_FLG5 Real 10 41 50 --------------- END OF LINE 4-------------- LP_FLG1 Real 10 1 10 LP_FLG2 Real 10 11 20 LP_FLG3 Real 10 21 30 LP_FLG4 Real 10 31 40 LP_FLG5 Real 10 41 50 -------------- END OF RECORD -------------- --------------------------------------------------------------- Where: ID is the zone identification number. COUNTRY is the country name. ZONE is the zone name. The following variable names have a numeric value from 1 to 5 appended to them. The numeric values indicate the year for which the variable contains data. A value of 1 indicates that the variable contains data for 1880, 2 for 1920, 3 for 1950, 4 for 1970, and 5 for 1980. AG_FLG a flag with a value from 0 to 10 that indicates the relative quality and quantity of source data used to estimate the cultivated (agricultural) and settled/built- up land data variables contained in file LANDUSE.ASC (File 2). NON_FLG a flag with a value from 0 to 10 that indicates the relative quality and quantity of source data used to estimate the nonagricultural and nonsettled/built-up land data variables (e.g., forest cover or barren land) contained in file LANDUSE.ASC (File 2). HP_FLG a flag with a value from 0 to 10 that indicates the relative quality and quantity of source data used to estimate the human population values contained in file LANDUSE.ASC (File 2). LP_FLG a flag with a value from 0 to 10 that indicates the relative quality and quantity of source data used to estimate the livestock population values contained in file LANDUSE.ASC (File 2). Tables 8, 9, 10, and 11 define the valid values for each of the four flag variables listed above. Table 8. System used to rank the quality of the data utilized in determining the amount of cultivated and settled land in each ecological zone. Values range from 0 to 10, 10 being the best (variable AG_FLG). ---------------------------------------------------------------- Rank Description of minimum data requirements ---------------------------------------------------------------- 0 Thin-air extrapolation: no description of land use/agriculture in zone or similar adjoining zone within 20 years of target date. 1 Descriptive information available only for adjacent, similar, or part of zone within 20 years of target date. Minimum: specify whether agriculture is shifting or sedentary and what the major crops are, but no areal estimates nor estimates of the number of agriculturalists are available. 2 Descriptive information for entire zone within 20 years of target date or for significant portions of the zone within 10 years of target date, but no areal estimates are available. Areal estimates are extrapolated from estimates for comparable zones within the same time period. 3 Crude estimate of cultivated area for the zone or a significant part thereof. No specificity as to crops, just overall cultivated or "occupied" area within 10 years of target date. Usually applies to data for 1880 or 1920. 4 Plausible estimate of cultivated area in zone within 5 years of target date. Includes official estimates requiring modifications for significant boundary changes (> 25% of modern area), general estimates of area in sedentary or swidden crops were found from secondary references. Also includes zones for which conflicting published contemporary estimates exist or official estimates that are believed to be unreliable. Alternative: official estimate for zone, assuming boundary changes ( < 25%) of total area, but between 5 and 10 years from the target date. 5 Documented official or secondary estimates of cultivated area within 5 years of target date from an ongoing series for zones with boundary changes <25% of modern area. Minimum data: one estimate of total area in (major) annual crops, where those are dominant or one estimate of total area in (major) perennial crops, where those are dominant. Subdivision into major crops not necessarily available. No multiple-year coverage for annual crops. If swidden agriculture is significant, it is likely to be omitted from official estimates of this quality. Add one point for corroboration by contemporary map or aerial survey (1950-1980 data only). 6 Documented official or secondary estimates of cultivated area within 5 years of target date from an ongoing series. For zones dominated by annual crops, 2 years of coverage within 5 years of the target date are required for most or all of zone, data regarding the percentage of area in major annual crops; no perennial data required. For zones dominated by perennials, separate estimates of area in each major perennial crop, for at least one year within 5 years of target date, plus published estimate (not necessarily official) for annual crops. Includes any reasonable published estimate of swidden area based on population/area ratios and population estimates of swidden groups. No mapped corroboration for estimates of annual crops production, especially from swidden agriculture. 7 Documented official or secondary estimates of cultivated area within 5 years of target date from an ongoing series. Zones dominated by annual crops require 3-5 years of coverage within 5 years of target date for annual crops for most or all of zone, data regarding the percentage of area in major annual crops; no perennial data required. For zones dominated by perennials, separate estimates of area in each major perennial crop, for at least 2 years within 5 years of target date, or a single set of estimates within 2 years of target date, plus at least 1 published estimate of annual crop area as per rank 6. 8 Documented official or secondary estimates of cultivated area within 5 years of target date from an ongoing series. Zones dominated by annual crops required 3-5 years of coverage within 5 years of target date for annual crops for most or all of zone, data regarding the percentage of area in each major annual crop, and must have at least one estimate of perennial crop area by major crop within 5 years of target date. For zones dominated by perennials, separate estimates of area in each major perennial crop, for at least 2 years within 5 years of target date, or a single set of estimates within 2 years of target date, plus at least two estimates of total annual crop area within 5 years of target date, and percentages of major annual crops (minimum: upland rice/lowland rice/other). Alternative: complete agricultural data based on two exhaustive surveys bracketing target year with or without major crops or complete agricultural data based on a full-zone survey in date of target year. 9 Documented official or secondary estimates of cultivated area within 5 years of target date from an ongoing series. Zones dominated by annual crops required 4-5 years of coverage within 5 years of target date for annual crops for 90% or more of zone, data regarding the percentage of area in major annual crops, and must have at least 1 estimate of perennial crop area by major crop within 5 years of target date. Must have percentages of all major perennial crops. For zones dominated by perennials, separate estimates of area in each major perennial crop, for at least 2 years within 5 years of target date, or a single set of estimates within 2 years of target date. Plus at least three estimates of total annual crop area within 5 years of target date and percentages of all major annual crops. 10 Full series of five consecutive years around target date for annual crops, plus the percentage of area in all major annual crops within 1 year of date and equivalent information for all major perennial crops. Published estimate of settled area and information concerning what is in it and official statistics corroborated by full cadastral survey or satellite map. ---------------------------------------------------------------- Table 9. System used to rank the quality of the data utilized in determining the amount of land in all land use classes except cultivated and built-up/settled land in each ecological zone. Values range from 0 to 10, 10 being the best (variable NON_FLG). ---------------------------------------------------------------- Rank Description of minimum data requirements ---------------------------------------------------------------- 0 Thin-air extrapolation: no description of zone or similar adjoining district within 20 years of target date. 1 Descriptive information available only for adjacent or similar zone but not for the zone under consideration within 20 years of target date; or descriptive information for significant part of zone under consideration within same time limits. 2 Descriptive information only for a significant part of (but not entire) zone within 10 years of target date, or a full description of entire zone within 20 years of target date. 3 At least one adequate description covering essentially entire zone within 10 years of target date; or two or more texts allowing a composite description of the entire zone to be made (in cases of large boundary change), within same time limits. Example of "adequate description": Early or modern state gazetteer introduction describing "botany" or "vegetation"; brief discussion of vegetation at zone scale within national geography or economic history survey. Categories 4‘10 presuppose at least one description of quality rank (3) as a baseline, plus whatever else is specified. All references meet same time constraints as used for rank (3). If these criteria are not met, one point was subtracted from the rating. 4 Additional descriptive material on vegetation, agriculture, forestry, or land use, which complements and extends (3); or additional descriptive information for parts of the zone or highly site-specific information useful for one but not all categories or parts of zone. Example: highly localized vegetation descriptions, village studies, or detailed coverage of vegetation or land use for zone in national or regional geographies or monographs. No quantitative data. 5 Good descriptive data of rank (4) with plausible estimates of zonal forest area, with descriptive material as backup or more detailed quantitative information on area covered by major vegetation types for part but not all of zone. Examples: forest working plan for significant or characteristic portion of zone; good botanical, ecological, forestry or geographical paper but not covering whole zone. 6 Good descriptive data of rank (4) with older vegetation map (partial or complete) in lieu of quantitative data, or a partial vegetation map of zone with partial quantitative data. Little or no quantitative data, or conflict between quantitative and map; or conflicts among multiple quantitative sources or among maps. 7 Good descriptive data of rank (4) with quantitative data for entire zone in only a few categories, or all categories and only part of zone; or tabular and map coverage that when combined cover the full zone. 8 Good descriptive data of rank (4) and either a quantitative estimate of land use/vegetation for entire zone for all major categories or total coverage by a modern map based on cadastral survey, aerial photography, or satellite images. 9 Good descriptive data of rank (4) and both a quantitative estimate of land use/vegetation for entire zone and all major categories and total coverage by modern map based on cadastral survey, aerial photography, or satellite images. 10 Excellent descriptive data of rank (4) with trustworthy, quantitative satellite survey covering entire district in a format easily convertible to our vegetation types with numbers, map, and text all available and data consistent with contemporary vegetation maps. ---------------------------------------------------------------- Table 10. System used to rank the quality of the human population data in each ecological zone. Values range from 0 to 10, 10 being the best (variable HP_FLG). ---------------------------------------------------------------- Rank Description of minimum data requirements ---------------------------------------------------------------- 0 No published estimate of population within 20 years of date for zone and no published estimate of population density for comparable zone at comparable times. 1 Published estimate (unofficial), by 19th century travelers or geographers within 20 years of date for zone. No published census figures and no explanation of published values. 2 Published estimate for population within 20 years of target date by modern author who has reviewed more recent population data (not an official estimate); or partial or seriously flawed census available officially within 20 years of target date, such that significant part of population is undercounted or overcounted. Official census, if involved, is isolated and not easily comparable to later series. Also includes crude national estimates within 20 years of target date that were subdivided to zone based on later census data. 3 Same as rank (2) above, but within 10 years of target date or two estimates within 20 years of target date that are reasonably consistent. 4 Isolated census available within 10 years of target date, with relatively good coverage, but available subdivisions of data obstruct adjustment for boundary changes; or the structure of the census not comparable to later censuses. Other official population data (e.g., estimates based on birth/death records in lieu of formal census) may be considered equivalent; or secondary estimates within 10 years of target date, consistent with later census data. 5 Two censuses available bracketing target date for total period of 30 years or less. Coverage reasonably complete for both. Interpolation using @RATE function. May be corroborated by secondary estimates. 6 Census within 10 years of target date is part of ongoing regular series, with at least one preceding census and one following, or two preceding. However, significant problems were reported with nearest census to target date. Interpolation using @RATE function. Wartime censuses would be included here. 7 Census within 3 years of target date, but otherwise equivalent to rank (6). Interpolation using @RATE function. 8 Census within 2 years of target date, part of ongoing series; all values in series have been retrospectively adjusted to modern boundaries (e.g., India 1901-1981), but refer to older values which may have been less accurate or dealt with localities where a significant percentage of population was poorly accessible. Note: For rank (8) or above, subdivision by ethnic groups should be available if swidden agriculture is an important land use. 9 Same as rank (8) above, but after 1950. Quality of census ranked good and adjustments for undercounting or overcounting have been made. 10 Same as rank (9) above, but quality of census ranked excellent. Areas with longterm political stability, accessible topography, and solid census infrastructure. ---------------------------------------------------------------- Note: @RATE is a Lotus 1-2-3(tm) function that calculates the periodic growth rate necessary for a present value to grow to a future value over a given term. For example, if at least two population values are known then a growth rate in percent can be calculated and used to predict past, intervening, or future populations. Table 11. System used to rank the quality of the livestock population data in each ecological zone. Values range from 0 to 10, 10 being the best (variable LP_FLG). ---------------------------------------------------------------- Rank Description of minimum data requirements ---------------------------------------------------------------- 0 No published estimate of even the human population within 20 years of date for zone, and no livestock data. 1 No livestock data for zone within 20 years of target date; livestock population extrapolated from human population data of rank (1) or (2) on the basis of human/livestock ratios outside the 20 year period. 2 No livestock data for zone within 20 years of target date, but livestock population extrapolated from contemporary human census on the basis of human/livestock ratios outside the 20 years period. 3 Partial livestock data within 20 years of target date, permitting extrapolations from contemporary human population if subdivided appropriately. Livestock estimate based on ratios calculated for areas <50% or >150% of zone. 4 Partial livestock data within 10 years of target date or reasonably full coverage within 20 years of target date. Livestock estimate probably was derived from earlier human/livestock ratio. One or more major species may be excluded. 5 Complete livestock census within 10 years of target date, but district/unit for which censuses were taken has changed considerably (e.g., Bombay/Gujarat/Maharashtra over 1950-1960; or Bengal before versus after partition) or livestock census was separated from target date by major upheaval affecting animal population (migration, war, revolution, famine, etc.). 6 Livestock census within 10 years of target date is preceded or followed by at least one other census of same area. No major species excluded. 7 Livestock census within 5 years of target date for area within 10% of modern zone boundaries. Preceded or followed by at least one other census of same area. 8 Livestock estimates made annually based on regular censuses supplemented by spot checks or slaughter records, but actual censuses are at intervals of 5 or 10 years. Target date has estimate, but it is not census based. 9 Livestock census of reasonable quality available within 2 years of target date for zone at current boundaries; comparable human census also available. 10 Livestock census of excellent quality available within 2 years of target date; must be part of a series of at least three censuses covering zone at its modern boundaries. Comparable human censuses available, and zone is politically stable with a good bureaucratic infrastructure. ---------------------------------------------------------------- FILE: FACTORS.ASC What follows is a description of the contents and format (variable names, widths, etc.) of the third flat ASCII data file distributed with this data package. The name of the third flat ASCII file is FACTORS.ASC (File 8). A summary of the FORTRAN format statements used to read File 8 follow. INTEGER ID CHARACTER COUNTRY*20, ZONE*26, PRANGE*20 REAL AG_TMP(7), AG_PRM(7), SETTLE(7), 1 FR_CON(7), FR_INT(7), WT_FOR(7), 2 WT_NON(7), GRASS(7) , BARREN(7), 3 WATER(7) , PMEAN, SPACE, N(3:7) 10 READ(5,100,END=999) ID, COUNTRY, ZONE, PRANGE READ(5,110) AG_TMP(7), AG_PRM(7), SETTLE(7), 1 FR_CON(7), FR_INT(7), WT_FOR(7), 2 WT_NON(7), GRASS(7) , BARREN(7), 3 WATER(7) , PMEAN, SPACE, N(3:7) C 100 FORMAT(I4,A20,A26,A20) 110 FORMAT(10(7I10,/),7F10.2) The variables in FACTORS.ASC, listed in Table 12, are shown as they appear in File 8. Table 12. Variable formats for FACTORS.ASC (File 8). ---------------------------------------------------------------- Variable Variable Variable Start End name type width column column ---------------------------------------------------------------- ID Integer 4 1 4 COUNTRY Character 20 5 24 ZONE Character 26 25 50 PRANGE Character 20 51 70 --------------- END OF LINE 1 -------------- AG_TMP1 Real 10 1 10 AG_TMP2 Real 10 11 20 AG_TMP3 Real 10 21 30 AG_TMP4 Real 10 31 40 AG_TMP5 Real 10 41 50 AG_TMP6 Real 10 51 60 AG_TMP7 Real 10 61 70 --------------- END OF LINE 2 -------------- AG_PRM1 Real 10 1 10 AG_PRM2 Real 10 11 20 AG_PRM3 Real 10 21 30 AG_PRM4 Real 10 31 40 AG_PRM5 Real 10 41 50 AG_PRM6 Real 10 51 60 AG_PRM7 Real 10 61 70 --------------- END OF LINE 3 -------------- SETTLE1 Real 10 1 10 SETTLE2 Real 10 11 20 SETTLE3 Real 10 21 30 SETTLE4 Real 10 31 40 SETTLE5 Real 10 41 50 SETTLE6 Real 10 51 60 SETTLE7 Real 10 61 70 --------------- END OF LINE 4 -------------- FR_CON1 Real 10 1 10 FR_CON2 Real 10 11 20 FR_CON3 Real 10 21 30 FR_CON4 Real 10 31 40 FR_CON5 Real 10 41 50 FR_CON6 Real 10 51 60 FR_CON7 Real 10 61 70 --------------- END OF LINE 5 -------------- FR_INT1 Real 10 1 10 FR_INT2 Real 10 11 20 FR_INT3 Real 10 21 30 FR_INT4 Real 10 31 40 FR_INT5 Real 10 41 50 FR_INT6 Real 10 51 60 FR_INT7 Real 10 61 70 --------------- END OF LINE 6 -------------- WT_FOR1 Real 10 1 10 WT_FOR2 Real 10 11 20 WT_FOR3 Real 10 21 30 WT_FOR4 Real 10 31 40 WT_FOR5 Real 10 41 50 WT_FOR6 Real 10 51 60 WT_FOR7 Real 10 61 70 --------------- END OF LINE 7 -------------- WT_NON1 Real 10 1 10 WT_NON2 Real 10 11 20 WT_NON3 Real 10 21 30 WT_NON4 Real 10 31 40 WT_NON5 Real 10 41 50 WT_NON6 Real 10 51 60 WT_NON7 Real 10 61 70 --------------- END OF LINE 8 -------------- GRASS1 Real 10 1 10 GRASS2 Real 10 11 20 GRASS3 Real 10 21 30 GRASS4 Real 10 31 40 GRASS5 Real 10 41 50 GRASS6 Real 10 51 60 GRASS7 Real 10 61 70 --------------- END OF LINE 9 -------------- BARREN1 Real 10 1 10 BARREN2 Real 10 11 20 BARREN3 Real 10 21 30 BARREN4 Real 10 31 40 BARREN5 Real 10 41 50 BARREN6 Real 10 51 60 BARREN7 Real 10 61 70 --------------- END OF LINE 10 -------------- WATER1 Real 10 1 10 WATER2 Real 10 11 20 WATER3 Real 10 21 30 WATER4 Real 10 31 40 WATER5 Real 10 41 50 WATER6 Real 10 51 60 WATER7 Real 10 61 70 --------------- END OF LINE 11 -------------- PMEAN Real 10 1 10 SPACE Real 10 11 20 N3 Real 10 21 30 N4 Real 10 31 40 N5 Real 10 41 50 N6 Real 10 51 60 N7 Real 10 61 70 --------------- END OF RECORD -------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------- Where: ID is the zone identification number. COUNTRY is the country name. ZONE is the zone name. PRANGE is the annual precipitation range for the ecological zone in mm/year. A range of 999-999 indicates that these data were not readily available from published data sources. The following variable names have a numeric value 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, or 7 appended to them. The variables with the number 1 contain the maximum potential carbon content for the given land use class in Mg/ha; variables with the number 2 contain the environmental limitation factor (determined based on PRANGE, soil characteristics, slope, etc.); and variables with numeric postfixes from 3-7 contain the degradation factor, with the numeric value indicating the year for which the variable contains data. A value of 3 indicates the variable contains data for 1880, 4 for 1920, 5 for 1950, 6 for 1970, and 7 for 1980. AG_TMP are data values for annual or semiannual crops (e.g., rice). AG_PRM are data values for permanent crops (e.g., rubber plantation). SETTLE are data values for settled/built-up land. FR_CON are data for continuously forested land (forests with crown closure of 40% or greater). FR_INT are data values for interrupted woodland. WT_FOR are data values for forested wetland. WT_NON are data values for nonforested wetland. GRASS are data values for grass/shrub lands. BARREN are data values for barren or sparsely vegetated land. WATER are data values for water (hydrophytes). PMEAN is the mean annual rainfall for the given ecological zone in mm/year. If these data were not available the data file will contain a value of 999.00. SPACE is a space holding variable that never contains actual data, should contain a value of 999.00. N is the N calculated using the S, F, and A values shown in Appendix B. This variable was utilized with the human population data (in LANDCARB.ASC -File 2) of each zone to calculated the degradation factors for the woody vegetation land use classes. FILE: SEA_CTRY.ASC AND SEA_ZONE.ASC The fourth and fifth flat ASCII files ‘ SEA_CTRY.ASC (File 11) and SEA_ZONE.ASC (File 12), respectively, contain digitized base maps of South and Southeast Asia. The national boundaries were obtained at a scale of 1:2,000,000, while internal zone boundaries were obtained from several different publications. Thus, the accuracy of the zone boundaries varies between countries based on the scale and detail of each source map. To reduce edge matching problems that occurred when several maps were combined, the zone and nation boundaries were smoothed (in ARC/INFO(tm)) to a nominal map scale of 1:4,000,000 with a minimal resolution of one point per 4 km. File 11 contains boundaries for the 13 countries within the study region and File 12 contains boundaries for the 94 ecological zones. These digital data are included to allow the land use/carbon data contained in the other flat ASCII data files distributed with this data base to be mapped. The "key" that links the polygons described in these two files to the land use/carbon data contained in Files 2, 5, and 8 is the zone identification number (for a complete listing of these identification numbers see Table 1). This number is contained in each record (of each file) and should be used to cross-reference the files. Unlike the other data files within this data base, these files contain line segments that describe the polygon boundaries of each country or ecological zone. These polygons have no attribute data associated with each polygon (beyond the polygon name). Commands such as RELATE in ARC/INFO(tm) (or similar commands in other geographic information systems) may be used to associate the land use/carbon data with the appropriate polygon. What follows is a description of the contents and format of the fourth and fifth flat ASCII data file distributed with this data package. A summary of the FORTRAN format statements used to read these files follows: CHARACTER ID*6, ALLNAME*7 INTEGER NUM REAL X(4000), Y(4000) 10 READ(5,100,END=999) ID, NUM DO 20 I=1,NUM READ(5,110) X(I), Y(I) 20 CONTINUE C 100 FORMAT(A6,1X,I5) 110 FORMAT(F10.6,1X,F10.6) An example of the file format used in SEA_CTRY.ASC and SEA_ZONE.ASC is shown in Table 13. Table 13. Sample of the vector format used for SEA_CTRY.ASC (File 11) and SEA_ZONE.ASC (File 12). ---------------------------------------------------------- Zone Number of code points ---------------------------------------------------------- " 400", 13 -Polygon 400 uses 13 points to describe the region 121.859993,-10.610300 -Starts at 121.86oE, 10.61oS 121.795998,-10.600261 121.734795,-10.600780 121.696365,-10.561336 121.753677,-10.531301 121.811150,-10.502058 121.847893,-10.452695 121.902847,-10.419775 121.960655,-10.441310 122.001862,-10.467175 121.987274,-10.528060 121.933311,-10.562428 121.859993,-10.610300 -Ends at 121.86oE, 10.61oS " 400", 123 122.478599,-10.768567 ... -Continued ---------------------------------------------------------- Note that the two example polygons in Table 13 have the same name (i.e., " 400"). This is intentional since in this case 400 is the zone identification number for Indonesia, a country that is made up of several islands. The polygon names may repeat, depending on the number of polygons it takes to describe the boundaries of each country or ecological zone. Along with the polygons that describe the different countries and ecological zones are two special polygon types that are identified by the following polygon identification numbers; 0 indicates that the given polygon is not within any of the defined ecological zones or countries, and 9999 indicates that the given polygon is a "island" or "lake" within another polygon. The following is a short listing of the ecological zone identification numbers used throughout this data base as the primary sort key. This information is presented here in a condensed form, Table 1 in Part 1 of this document should be consulted for more detailed information. ---------------------------------------------------------------- Place Zone Place Zone name ID name ID ---------------------------------------------------------------- BANGLADESH 100 Chittagong Hills Tracts 101 Eastern Coast 102 Meghna 103 Sundarbans 104 Western Districts 105 BRUNEI 200 Total 201 INDIA 300 Andaman/Nicobar Islands 301 Andhra Pradesh 302 Arunachal Pradesh 303 Assam 304 Bihar 305 Delhi 306 Gujarat/Dadra/Nagar H. 307 Haryana/Chandigarh 308 Himachal Pradesh 309 Jammu/Kashmir 310 Karnataka 311 Kerala 312 Lakshadweep Islands 313 Madhya Pradesh 314 Maharashtra/Goa/Daman/Diu 315 Manipur 316 Meghalaya 317 Mizoram 318 Nagaland 319 Orissa 320 Punjab 321 Rajasthan 322 Sikkim 323 Tamil Nadu/Pondichery 324 Tripura 325 Uttar Pradesh 326 West Bengal 327 INDONESIA 400 Aceh 401 North Sumatra 402 West Sumatra 403 Riau 404 Jambi 405 South Sumatra 406 Bengkulu/Lampung 407 West Java 408 Central Java 409 East Java 410 Bali 411 West Nusa Tenggara 412 East Nusa Tenggara 413 East Timor 414 West Kalimantan 415 Central Kalimantan 416 East Kalimantan 417 South Kalimantan 418 North/Central Sulawesi 419 South/Southeast Sulawesi 420 Maluku 421 Irian Jaya 422 KAMPUCHEA 500 Northwest Region 501 Northeast Region 502 Southeast Lowlands 503 Southwest Highlands 504 LAOS 600 Northwest Laos 601 Louang Phrabang 602 Central Laos 603 Annamite Chain 604 Champasak 605 MALAYSIA 700 Western Peninsular 701 Eastern Peninsular 702 Johor 703 Western Sarawak 704 Central Sarawak 705 Eastern Sarawak 706 Sabah 707 MYANMAR 800 Chin/Arakan 801 Northern Myanmar 802 Dry Zone 803 Shan/Karen/Kayah 804 Delta 805 Peninsular 805 PHILIPPINES 900 Luzon 901 Palawan 902 Visayas 903 Mindanao 904 SINGAPORE 1000 Total 1001 SRI LANKA 1100 Wet Zone 1101 Dry Zone 1102 THAILAND 1200 Northern Region 1201 Northeastern Region 1202 Central Plain 1203 Southern Region 1204 VIETNAM 1300 Northwest Highlands 1301 Tonkin Delta 1302 North Central Coast 1303 Central Highlands 1304 South Central Coast 1305 Mekong Delta 1306 ---------------------------------------------------------------- LOTUS 1-2-3(tm) WK1 SPREADSHEET FILES Ninety Lotus 1-2-3(tm) WK1 spreadsheet files are provided with this NDP. The first 13 of these files contain the same data as is contained in File 2 (LANDCARB.ASC). The names of the these thirteen spreadsheets (Files 15 to 27) are 100LUC.WK1, 200LUC.WK1, 300LUC.WK1, 400LUC.WK1, 500LUC.WK1, 600LUC.WK1, 700LUC.WK1, 800LUC.WK1, 900LUC.WK1, 1000LUC.WK1, 1100LUC.WK1, 1200LUC.WK1, and 1300LUC.WK1. The numeric part of the filename is the zone identification number of the country for which the file contains data (e.g., 100 = Bangladesh). Each file contains data for all ecological zones that occur within the given country plus national totals. The 14th spreadsheet file, FLAGS.WK1 (File 28), contains the data accuracy flags found in File 5 (FLAGS.ASC). The 15th spreadsheet file, FACTORS.WK1 (File 29), contains the M, E, and D factors [i.e., the maximum potential carbon factor (M), environmental limitation factor (E), and the degradation factor (D)] that are contained in File 8 (FACTORS.ASC). The remaining 75 spreadsheet files (Files 33-107) contain background documentation on the procedures used to obtain the land use data contained in this NDP. These files have been provided to help document the land use data contained in Files 1-32. Because of the wide variation in the format and content of these spreadsheets, CDIAC is distributing these files on an "as is" basis and any questions regarding the contents of these files should be directed to the primary investigators. Refer to Appendix D to obtain a summary of the contents of these files. The primary advantages of the Lotus 1-2-3(tm) files over the flat ASCII data is that the data values have been separated by country, are maintained within Lotus 1-2-3(tm) to the 14th decimal place (reducing problems with rounding errors). In addition, the Lotus 1-2-3(tm) files contain the formulas that were used to calculate the total carbon portion of the spreadsheets. The formulas allow the total carbon estimates to be recalculated automatically if the user wishes to change the estimated carbon values for one of the land use classes. The general format of the Lotus 1-2-3(tm) data files are depicted in Tables 14, 15, and 16 for portions of spreadsheet 100LUC.WK1 (File 15), FLAGS.WK1 (File 28), and FACTORS.WK1 (File 29), respectively. Table 14. Display of a portion of the land use and carbon data in spreadsheet 100LUC.WK1. ------------------------------------------------------------------- PUBLISHED DOCUMENTATION INCLUDES THIS TABLE, TABLE WAS NOT REPRODUCIBLE IN A FLAT ASCII FILE ------------------------------------------------------------------- Table 15. Display of a portion of the data accuracy flags in spreadsheet FLAGS.WK1. ------------------------------------------------------------------- "101" "BANGLADESH" "Chittagong Hill Tracts" 1880 1920 1950 1970 1980 " " "Net Sown" 2 6 6 7 7 " " "Non-Ag Landuse" 2 4 5 6 8 " " "Population" 5 6 8 6 8 " " "Livestock" 0 5 5 6 7 ------------------------------------------------------------------- Table 16. Display of a portion of the M, E, D, and N data in spreadsheet FACTORS.WK1. ------------------------------------------------------------------- PUBLISHED DOCUMENTATION INCLUDES THIS TABLE, TABLE WAS NOT REPRODUCIBLE IN A FLAT ASCII FILE ------------------------------------------------------------------- ARC/INFO(tm) (Version 6.1) EXPORT FILES Three ARC/INFO(tm) E00 export files are provided with this NDP to allow mapping of the land use and carbon data and comparisons to be made between this and other geographic data sets. These files contain the same data as File 2 (LANDCARB.ASC). The names of files 30, 31, and 32 are SEA_LAND.E00, SEA_TCHA.E00, and SEA_CARB.E00, respectively. Each file contains data for all 94 ecological zones that occur within the study region. File SEA_LAND contains land use data and human and livestock population data by year (all values are given in thousands). File SEA_TCHA contains the estimated carbon contents per ha for each of the eight land use class in Mg/ha by time period. File SEA_CARB contains the total carbon sequestered in live vegetation by land use class, zone, and time period in 10^3 Mg of carbon (i.e., this file is the product of SEA_LAND and SEA_TCHA). The ARC/INFO(tm) E00 export files were produced using the EXPORT command with the NONE option in ARC/INFO(tm) Version 6.1. These files are in an uncompressed, fixed block format that can be moved across computer systems. The coverages are in a GEOGRAPHIC projection, a spherical reference system that locates positions using latitude and longitude coordinates that are stored in decimal degrees. As a result of this, the reference system in which the data are stored is not uniform in size or area. After these files are loaded onto your system and imported into ARC/INFO(tm), data from any of the three coverages may be accessed directly (e.g., in INFO) or a RELATE may be created that links the coverages based on a common variable. If this is done we suggest that the "relate item" used be the zone identification number (variable ZONE). A listing of the variable names and data formats for these E00 files are depicted in Tables 17, 18, and 19. Variable names are similar to those used in LANDCARB.ASC (File 2), with the primary difference being that prefix letters have been dropped because the data in LANDCARB.ASC have been split into three E00 files, the numeric postfixes have also been replaced by the actual year they represent (e.g., the variable name LAG_ALL1 in LANDCARB.ASC has been replaced by AG_ALL_1880). Table 17. Variable formats for SEA_LAND.E00 (File 30). ------------------------------------------------------------------- Start Item Data Display Data Decimal column name width width type* place ------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 AREA 4 12 F 3 5 PERIMETER 4 12 F 3 9 SEA_LAND 4 5 B - 13 SEA_LAND-ID 4 5 B - 17 CTRY 4 4 I - 21 CTRY-NAME 20 20 C - 41 ZONE 4 4 I - 45 ZONE-NAME 26 26 C - 71 AG_ALL_1880 10 10 N 2 81 AG_ALL_1920 10 10 N 2 91 AG_ALL_1950 10 10 N 2 101 AG_ALL_1970 10 10 N 2 111 AG_ALL_1980 10 10 N 2 121 AG_TEMP_1880 10 10 N 2 131 AG_TEMP_1920 10 10 N 2 141 AG_TEMP_1950 10 10 N 2 151 AG_TEMP_1970 10 10 N 2 161 AG_TEMP_1980 10 10 N 2 171 AG_PERM_1880 10 10 N 2 181 AG_PERM_1920 10 10 N 2 191 AG_PERM_1950 10 10 N 2 201 AG_PERM_1970 10 10 N 2 211 AG_PERM_1980 10 10 N 2 221 SETTLED_1880 10 10 N 2 231 SETTLED_1920 10 10 N 2 241 SETTLED_1950 10 10 N 2 251 SETTLED_1970 10 10 N 2 261 SETTLED_1980 10 10 N 2 271 FOR_CON_1880 10 10 N 2 281 FOR_CON_1920 10 10 N 2 291 FOR_CON_1950 10 10 N 2 301 FOR_CON_1970 10 10 N 2 311 FOR_CON_1980 10 10 N 2 321 FOR_INT_1880 10 10 N 2 331 FOR_INT_1920 10 10 N 2 341 FOR_INT_1950 10 10 N 2 351 FOR_INT_1970 10 10 N 2 361 FOR_INT_1980 10 10 N 2 371 WET_ALL_1880 10 10 N 2 381 WET_ALL_1920 10 10 N 2 391 WET_ALL_1950 10 10 N 2 401 WET_ALL_1970 10 10 N 2 411 WET_ALL_1980 10 10 N 2 421 WET_FOR_1880 10 10 N 2 431 WET_FOR_1920 10 10 N 2 441 WET_FOR_1950 10 10 N 2 451 WET_FOR_1970 10 10 N 2 461 WET_FOR_1980 10 10 N 2 471 WET_NON_1880 10 10 N 2 481 WET_NON_1920 10 10 N 2 491 WET_NON_1950 10 10 N 2 501 WET_NON_1970 10 10 N 2 511 WET_NON_1980 10 10 N 2 521 GRASS_1880 10 10 N 2 531 GRASS_1920 10 10 N 2 541 GRASS_1950 10 10 N 2 551 GRASS_1970 10 10 N 2 561 GRASS_1980 10 10 N 2 571 BARREN_1880 10 10 N 2 581 BARREN_1920 10 10 N 2 591 BARREN_1950 10 10 N 2 601 BARREN_1970 10 10 N 2 611 BARREN_1980 10 10 N 2 621 WATER_1880 10 10 N 2 631 WATER_1920 10 10 N 2 641 WATER_1950 10 10 N 2 651 WATER_1970 10 10 N 2 661 WATER_1980 10 10 N 2 671 TOT_LAND_1880 10 10 N 2 681 TOT_LAND_1920 10 10 N 2 691 TOT_LAND_1950 10 10 N 2 701 TOT_LAND_1970 10 10 N 2 711 TOT_LAND_1980 10 10 N 2 721 TOT_FOR_1880 10 10 N 2 731 TOT_FOR_1920 10 10 N 2 741 TOT_FOR_1950 10 10 N 2 751 TOT_FOR_1970 10 10 N 2 761 TOT_FOR_1980 10 10 N 2 771 TOT_HPOP_1880 10 10 N 2 781 TOT_HPOP_1920 10 10 N 2 791 TOT_HPOP_1950 10 10 N 2 801 TOT_HPOP_1970 10 10 N 2 811 TOT_HPOP_1980 10 10 N 2 821 TOT_LPOP_1880 10 10 N 2 831 TOT_LPOP_1920 10 10 N 2 841 TOT_LPOP_1950 10 10 N 2 851 TOT_LPOP_1970 10 10 N 2 861 TOT_LPOP_1980 10 10 N 2 871 DEN_H_1880 10 10 N 2 881 DEN_H_1920 10 10 N 2 891 DEN_H_1950 10 10 N 2 901 DEN_H_1970 10 10 N 2 911 DEN_H_1980 10 10 N 2 921 DEN_L_1880 10 10 N 2 931 DEN_L_1920 10 10 N 2 941 DEN_L_1950 10 10 N 2 951 DEN_L_1970 10 10 N 2 961 DEN_L_1980 10 10 N 2 ------------------------------------------------------------------ *Data types are B-binary, C-character, F-float, I-integer, and N- numeric. F and N data types are real numbers with different precisions (precision is system dependent). Table 18. Variable formats for SEA_TCHA.E00 (File 31). ------------------------------------------------------------------- Start Item Data Display Data Decimal column name width width type* place ------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 AREA 4 12 F 3 5 PERIMETER 4 12 F 3 9 SEA_TCHA 4 5 B - 13 SEA_TCHA-ID 4 5 B - 17 CTRY 4 4 I - 21 CTRY-NAME 20 20 C - 41 ZONE 4 4 I - 45 ZONE-NAME 26 26 C - 71 AG_ALL_1880 10 10 N 2 81 AG_ALL_1920 10 10 N 2 91 AG_ALL_1950 10 10 N 2 101 AG_ALL_1970 10 10 N 2 111 AG_ALL_1980 10 10 N 2 121 AG_TEMP_1880 10 10 N 2 131 AG_TEMP_1920 10 10 N 2 141 AG_TEMP_1950 10 10 N 2 151 AG_TEMP_1970 10 10 N 2 161 AG_TEMP_1980 10 10 N 2 171 AG_PERM_1880 10 10 N 2 181 AG_PERM_1920 10 10 N 2 191 AG_PERM_1950 10 10 N 2 201 AG_PERM_1970 10 10 N 2 211 AG_PERM_1980 10 10 N 2 221 SETTLED_1880 10 10 N 2 231 SETTLED_1920 10 10 N 2 241 SETTLED_1950 10 10 N 2 251 SETTLED_1970 10 10 N 2 261 SETTLED_1980 10 10 N 2 271 FOR_CON_1880 10 10 N 2 281 FOR_CON_1920 10 10 N 2 291 FOR_CON_1950 10 10 N 2 301 FOR_CON_1970 10 10 N 2 311 FOR_CON_1980 10 10 N 2 321 FOR_INT_1880 10 10 N 2 331 FOR_INT_1920 10 10 N 2 341 FOR_INT_1950 10 10 N 2 351 FOR_INT_1970 10 10 N 2 361 FOR_INT_1980 10 10 N 2 371 WET_ALL_1880 10 10 N 2 381 WET_ALL_1920 10 10 N 2 391 WET_ALL_1950 10 10 N 2 401 WET_ALL_1970 10 10 N 2 411 WET_ALL_1980 10 10 N 2 421 WET_FOR_1880 10 10 N 2 431 WET_FOR_1920 10 10 N 2 441 WET_FOR_1950 10 10 N 2 451 WET_FOR_1970 10 10 N 2 461 WET_FOR_1980 10 10 N 2 471 WET_NON_1880 10 10 N 2 481 WET_NON_1920 10 10 N 2 491 WET_NON_1950 10 10 N 2 501 WET_NON_1970 10 10 N 2 511 WET_NON_1980 10 10 N 2 521 GRASS_1880 10 10 N 2 531 GRASS_1920 10 10 N 2 541 GRASS_1950 10 10 N 2 551 GRASS_1970 10 10 N 2 561 GRASS_1980 10 10 N 2 571 BARREN_1880 10 10 N 2 581 BARREN_1920 10 10 N 2 591 BARREN_1950 10 10 N 2 601 BARREN_1970 10 10 N 2 611 BARREN_1980 10 10 N 2 621 WATER_1880 10 10 N 2 631 WATER_1920 10 10 N 2 641 WATER_1950 10 10 N 2 651 WATER_1970 10 10 N 2 661 WATER_1980 10 10 N 2 ------------------------------------------------------------------ *Data types are B-binary, C-character, F-float, I-integer, and N- numeric. F and N data types are real numbers with different precisions (precision is system dependent). Table 19. Variable formats for SEA_CARB.E00 (File 32). ------------------------------------------------------------------- Start Item Data Display Data Decimal column name width width type* place ------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 AREA 4 12 F 3 5 PERIMETER 4 12 F 3 9 SEA_CARB 4 5 B - 13 SEA_CARB-ID 4 5 B - 17 CTRY 4 4 I - 21 CTRY-NAME 20 20 C - 41 ZONE 4 4 I - 45 ZONE-NAME 26 26 C - 71 AG_ALL_1880 10 10 I - 81 AG_ALL_1920 10 10 I - 91 AG_ALL_1950 10 10 I - 101 AG_ALL_1970 10 10 I - 111 AG_ALL_1980 10 10 I - 121 AG_TEMP_1880 10 10 I - 131 AG_TEMP_1920 10 10 I - 141 AG_TEMP_1950 10 10 I - 151 AG_TEMP_1970 10 10 I - 161 AG_TEMP_1980 10 10 I - 171 AG_PERM_1880 10 10 I - 181 AG_PERM_1920 10 10 I - 191 AG_PERM_1950 10 10 I - 201 AG_PERM_1970 10 10 I - 211 AG_PERM_1980 10 10 I - 221 SETTLED_1880 10 10 I - 231 SETTLED_1920 10 10 I - 241 SETTLED_1950 10 10 I - 251 SETTLED_1970 10 10 I - 261 SETTLED_1980 10 10 I - 271 FOR_CON_1880 10 10 I - 281 FOR_CON_1920 10 10 I - 291 FOR_CON_1950 10 10 I - 301 FOR_CON_1970 10 10 I - 311 FOR_CON_1980 10 10 I - 321 FOR_INT_1880 10 10 I - 331 FOR_INT_1920 10 10 I - 341 FOR_INT_1950 10 10 I - 351 FOR_INT_1970 10 10 I - 361 FOR_INT_1980 10 10 I - 371 WET_ALL_1880 10 10 I - 381 WET_ALL_1920 10 10 I - 391 WET_ALL_1950 10 10 I - 401 WET_ALL_1970 10 10 I - 411 WET_ALL_1980 10 10 I - 421 WET_FOR_1880 10 10 I - 431 WET_FOR_1920 10 10 I - 441 WET_FOR_1950 10 10 I - 451 WET_FOR_1970 10 10 I - 461 WET_FOR_1980 10 10 I - 471 WET_NON_1880 10 10 I - 481 WET_NON_1920 10 10 I - 491 WET_NON_1950 10 10 I - 501 WET_NON_1970 10 10 I - 511 WET_NON_1980 10 10 I - 521 GRASS_1880 10 10 I - 531 GRASS_1920 10 10 I - 541 GRASS_1950 10 10 I - 551 GRASS_1970 10 10 I - 561 GRASS_1980 10 10 I - 571 BARREN_1880 10 10 I - 581 BARREN_1920 10 10 I - 591 BARREN_1950 10 10 I - 601 BARREN_1970 10 10 I - 611 BARREN_1980 10 10 I - 621 WATER_1880 10 10 I - 631 WATER_1920 10 10 I - 641 WATER_1950 10 10 I - 651 WATER_1970 10 10 I - 661 WATER_1980 10 10 I - 671 TOT_LAND_1880 10 10 I - 681 TOT_LAND_1920 10 10 I - 691 TOT_LAND_1950 10 10 I - 701 TOT_LAND_1970 10 10 I - 711 TOT_LAND_1980 10 10 I - 721 TOT_FOR_1880 10 10 I - 731 TOT_FOR_1920 10 10 I - 741 TOT_FOR_1950 10 10 I - 751 TOT_FOR_1970 10 10 I - 761 TOT_FOR_1980 10 10 I - ------------------------------------------------------------------ *Data types are B-binary, C-character, F-float, I-integer, and N- numeric. F and N data types are real numbers with different precisions (precision is system dependent).