Foreign Relations, 1961-1963, Volume XXIV, Laos Crisis
Released by the Office of the Historian
Index
Index
Index
- Abramov, Aleksandr N., 543, 563, 603, 671, 673 - 675, 986, 1002, 1044, 1052
Achilles, Theodore C., 88, 144
Addis, William J., 45, 120, 613n, 675, 781n, 1002
- Souvanna cabinet selection, 421, 450, 516, 614-616, 622, 643n
talks with Souvanna, 415-416, 434, 509, 516, 521, 634n
Three Princes meetings, 299, 433, 670, 824
Agency for International Development (AID), 838, 872, 878, 928, 931, 996
- Agreement for Mutual Defense Assistance in Indochina, Dec. 1950, 73
Air Force, U.S., 800
Akalovsky, Alexander, 225, 231, 454
Alexander, Henry C., 840
Alphand, Hervé, 75, 101-103, 142, 538
Alsop, Stewart, 705
Amkha Soukhavong, Gen., 646, 1057
Anderson, Daniel V., 85n, 86n, 89n, 91n, 176n, 241n, 253n, 256n, 263n, 273n,
337n, 456n, 483n, 507n, 520n, 523n, 524n, 531n, 534n
- U.S. economic and military aid to Laos, 540-542
U.S. policy for Laos, 88, 150
Anderson, Robert B., 5, 19n
Anderson, William O., 241n
Arends, Leslie C., 631, 773
Arms limitation agreements, 697
Asia, neutralism in, 177-178
Assassinations, 934, 936n, 951, 953-955, 966-967, 1000n, 1001-1002, 1050, 1055
Assistance Development Authority, 180
Australia (see also Australia and Australian subheadings under other subjects),
34
Austria, 53, 81, 114
Austrian State Treaty, 234
Bagley, Lt. Commander Worth H., 430n, 443n, 564, 790n, 842n, 844n, 862
- military situation in Laos, 561-563, 723, 921-923, 1008n
political situation in Laos, 556, 560-561, 677-680, 716-717, 916-917
U.S. military contingency planning, 381-382, 618-620, 864
Ball, George, 144, 322, 377n, 465n, 501n, 531n, 595-596, 655-656, 665n, 990n
- Geneva Accords, 1962, 902
Geneva Conference on Laos, 1961-1962, 489
Laos, 985
- military situation, 718-722, 729, 734, 964
U.S. economic and military aid to, 662, 666n, 711, 1043, 1048
U.S. military contingency planning for, 358, 801
- Sarit and Phoumi, Nong Khai, Mar. 1962, 663, 664n
Three Princes meeting, Geneva, Jan. 1962, 539n
Bangkok Resolution, 104, 108, 152
Baraduc, Pierre, 345
Barbis, George M., 1042n
Barrington, James, 867, 869-870
Battle, Lucius D., 129n, 136n, 137n, 328n, 335-336, 379-380, 493n, 704-705
- Geneva Conference on Laos, 1961-1962, 407-408, 416, 435, 450-451, 463-464
military situation in Laos, 489-491, 494-496, 524-525
Southeast Asia Treaty Organization (SEATO), 477-478, 480-481
Souvanna government, 433-434, 463, 476-479
Bell, David E., 144, 722n, 842, 1048
Bergesen, Alf E., 1010n
Berlin crisis, 274, 285, 318-319, 394, 401, 418, 465, 772
- Ministerial Consultations on, Paris, Aug. 1961, 345-350, 456-457
Soviet position, 168, 294, 396-397, 408, 412, 900
Soviet-U.S. talks, 402, 473, 626, 998
Bird and Sons, 995
Bissell, Richard M., Jr., 5, 12, 17-18, 26n, 48, 72, 79, 88, 94n, 95n, 358,
465n
Blough, Roger M., 840
Boggs, Marion W., 6n
Bohlen, Charles E., 88, 93n, 94n, 95n, 116, 124n, 231, 538, 984
- Laos:
- military situation, 48, 163, 734
neutralization of, 49, 55
Soviet policy, 12, 15-16, 106
U.S. policy, 150, 153
Bouavong, 532, 651-652
Boun Oum, 12, 113, 156n, 237, 243-244, 250n, 543, 620-621, 648, 765-766
- character sketch of, 47, 80
King of Champassak role for, 153
military situation in Laos, 190, 242
Souvanna cabinet selection, 546-549, 552, 554-555, 591n, 605-608
talks:
- Harriman, Luang Prabang, Apr. 1961, 158
Harriman, Vientiane, Sept. 1961, 421
Harriman, Vientiane, Mar. 1962, 668
Three Princes meetings, 483-484, 492, 532, 534, 569, 601, 605, 824, 837
- Geneva, Jan. 1962, 388-390, 554n, 555-556, 557n, 566, 569-575, 576n, 584, 611-612
Phnom Penh, July 1961, 336, 338
Plaines des Jarres, proposed, 501, 503, 507, 512-513
Vientiane, Dec. 1961, 520, 546n
U.S. military aid to Laos, 35
Viet Minh, 165
- British position, 1-2, 50
broadening of, 49, 88-90, 155-156
constitutional legality of, 204-205
French position, 1-2, 63, 75
Indian position, 7
recognition of, 1-2, 5, 7
resignation of, 477, 479, 545
sanctions against, 553-560, 565-567, 569-570, 575, 580-582
Soviet position, 3, 17, 64-66, 81, 584n
U.S. position, 52-53, 65, 85, 271, 455
Bounpone, Gen. Mathepraharak, 552, 653, 763
Bounthan Songvilay, 643n, 837n, 849
Bounthieng, Gen., 651-653
Bouthong Voravong, 837n, 850
Bowles, Chester E., 94n, 95n, 97n, 129n, 140-142, 143n, 144, 145n, 193n, 195n, 253n, 306n, 501n, 531n
- China, People's Republic of, inevitablilty of war with, 154, 163, 170
Geneva Conference on Laos, 1961-1962, 185n, 187, 485, 489
International Control Commission, 109
Meos, 263
partition of Laos, 236-239
SEATO/U.S. military intervention in Laos, 146-148, 183, 842
Souvanna government, 561
United Nations, 104n
U.S. policy on Laos, 140-142, 143n
- military situation in Laos, 131, 136, 502, 525, 716, 770
Phoumi-U.S. split, 554n, 559, 561-562, 604n
Plaines des Jarres recapture strategy, 72, 74, 77-79, 84-85, 121n
replacement of, 675n, 676n, 679
Viet Minh, 305, 599n
Breitweiser, Maj. Gen. Robert A., 59-60, 157
Brezhnev, Leonid, 937
Bridges, Styles, 147
Bridle, Gen., 931
Brook, Norman, 116, 707
Brown, Harold, 722n
Brown, L. Dean, 538
Brown, Mervyn, 887
Brown, Winthrop G., 96, 156n, 159, 172n, 185n, 208n, 222, 260n, 265n, 286n, 380, 557n, 583n, 608n, 651n
- Boun Oum-Phoumi government, 85
British-U.S. relations, 275
cease-fire, 129, 159, 171, 438, 565, 617n
coalition government, 120, 199-200, 403, 406
covert activities, 715-716
France, 275, 365-366
Geneva Conference on Laos, 1961-1962, 197
government of councils proposal, 634-637
Harriman mission to Laos, 165
Laotian-U.S. relations, 698-699
military situation in Laos, 10, 38, 45, 87, 404, 439, 479, 559n, 592, 611n
- Meo attacks on Xieng Khouang, 490, 502
Nam Tha battle, 611n, 723-724, 730, 735-739
partition of Laos, 236-239, 254-256
Phoumi, U.S. withdrawal of support from, 535-537, 554-555, 569, 597n, 604n, 63
recall of, possible, 676-677, 679
Souvanna government, 483, 501, 577, 840n
- cabinet selection, 392, 420, 463, 514-516, 543, 546-553, 622, 707n
U.S. support of, 614, 640-642
talks:
- King Savang, 593n, 607n
Phoumi, 421, 423, 661-662
Souvanna, 76, 407, 415, 509, 534, 545, 584n, 634n
Three Princes meetings, 431-432, 434, 482, 500, 503, 507n, 512-513
- Geneva, Jan. 1962, 556, 566, 574n
Khang Khay, June 1962, 824-825
Vientiane, Dec. 1961, 513n, 522-524
U.S. economic aid to Laos, 541-542, 858
U.S. military advisers in combat roles, 130-131
U.S. military aid to Laos, 71, 575, 663, 680
U.S. policy on Laos, 83, 142
Bruce, David K.E., 116, 119, 129, 142, 706
Bruns, William H., 524n, 540n, 542n, 1043n
Bubnov, Igor D., 63, 923
Bulganin, Nikolai A., 234
Bundy, McGeorge, 68n, 94n, 95n, 105n, 129n, 189n, 210n, 211n, 328n, 375n, 387n, 388n, 465n, 493n, 525n, 620n, 640n, 644n, 657n, 661n, 670n, 698n, 711n, 767n, 781n, 785n, 789n, 851n, 855n, 908n, 935n, 980n, 1006n
- British-U.S. talks, 116, 704, 706, 708
Geneva Conference on Laos, 1961-1962, 335, 376, 379, 407, 450, 563-564, 852
Harriman mission to Moscow, 990
International Control Commission, 1008
Laos, 144, 774, 853, 985
- political situation, 112-113
SEATO/U.S. military intervention in, 742n, 775
U.S. economic and military aid to, 840n, 862, 885n, 1049
U.S. military contingency planning for, 72, 1014n, 1019n, 1033n, 1041
State-Defense discussions on, 799, 813n, 827, 837, 846
military situation in Laos, 88, 489, 524, 623-625, 770, 928n, 1057
- Nam Tha battle, 718-719, 721-722, 729, 734, 745
Pathet Lao attacks on neutralists, 970n, 972, 974-975, 979, 994n
Souphannouvong visit to the United States, 925n, 928n
Southeast Asia, 26-27, 322, 440
- military contingency planning for, 358, 376, 390, 393n, 394, 398-399
U.S. policy on Laos, 142, 150-151, 586
U.S. troop deployment to Thailand, 758
Viet Minh, 906, 917n
- military situation in Laos, 183, 658, 660, 878
U.S. military contingency planning for Laos, 200, 337, 826, 1030-1031, 1041
- Defense-State discussions on, 809, 842, 846
Burke, Adm. Arleigh A., 42-44, 94n, 95n, 109, 142, 144, 147, 150-153, 170, 183, 321
Burma, 76, 97, 160, 179, 228, 232, 238, 282, 428
- Assistance Development Authority, 180
China, People's Republic of-U.S. war, 163
Kuomintang irregulars in, 63n, 201, 437, 869
neutral nations commission proposal, 34, 37, 51, 53, 57, 67
Vietnam, Democratic Republic of-U.S. talks, 867-870
Butler, Michael, 345
Cabell, Gen. Charles P., 88, 358
Caccia, Harold A., 2n, 11n, 116, 119, 132-133, 145, 212
Cambodia (see also Cambodia and Cambodian subheadings under other subjects),
76, 114-115, 160, 179, 238, 339, 442, 468, 778
- Assistance Development Authority, 180
communist threat to, 581, 834, 839, 1053
French role in, 216
military situation, 442, 468, 800, 818, 846
neutral nations commission proposal, 51, 53, 57, 67
neutrality of, 228, 232, 262, 774, 869
Preah Vihear temple, 861
Sihanouk Commission, 34, 37
Viet Minh forces in, 418, 428
Vietnam, Republic of, relations with, 180, 405
- China, People's Republic of, relations with, 253
India, relations with, 307n, 311
Castro, Fidel, 987
Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), 318n, 475-476, 564, 572, 695, 716, 730, 769, 796, 855, 994n, 1054-1057
- covert activities, 715-716, 1034
documents: OCI No. 0516/63, 948-952
Souvanna view of, 879
- Council meeting, Ankara, Apr. 1961, 158
Chakira, Gen., 114
Chalermchai, Gen., 699
Champassak, Kingdom of, 153
Chang Han-fu, 303, 410
Chao Souk, 825
Chapman, Christian G., 12, 62n, 69n, 85n, 89n, 91n, 96n, 241n, 256n, 263n,
304n, 306n, 309n, 337n
- International Control Commission, 313
neutralization of Laos, 56, 63, 283
Souvanna government, 483
Chayes, Abram, 852n, 853n, 854n
Chen Yi, 193, 245, 253, 254n
Chiang Kai-shek, 145, 153, 226-227, 611
Chiari, Roberto, 842n
China, People's Republic of (see also China, People's Republic of subheadings
under other subjects), 58, 76, 104n, 228, 374, 380, 448
- bombing attacks by, possible, 163
Canada, relations with, 253
China, Republic of, attack on Hainan, 153
food shortages, 288
France, relations with, 253
India, relations with, 891
Korea, attack in, 812
Laos as buffer zone, 404, 729-730, 732, 876
Laotian view of, 703
military situation, 21, 39, 77n, 183
Soviet Union, relations with, 220, 269, 318, 409n, 679, 941, 943-944, 983, 1006
- Yugoslav position, 994
U.N. membership for, 630
United States, relations with, 180, 254n, 289, 303, 306, 437, 543
U.S. expulsion from Laos, demand for, 141, 143
Vietnam, Democratic Republic of, relations with, 219-220
war with the United States, inevitability of, 154, 163, 170
Chinese, prejudice against, 410
Chinese civil war, 226-227
Chinese offshore islands, 149
Chou En-lai, 876, 941
Clay, Gen. Lucius D., 888, 893, 911, 1030-1031
Cleveland, Harlan, 88, 142, 143n, 263n, 304n, 309n, 456n, 483n, 501n, 520n,
523n, 524n, 531n, 557n, 559n, 568n, 573n, 575n, 593n, 596n, 597n, 604n, 609n,
612n, 615n, 616n, 748
Cleveland, Robert, 571
Clifford, Clark, 19, 20n, 24n
Clifton, Maj. Gen. Chester V., 42, 69, 72, 84-85, 95n, 144, 157, 623, 730n
Cline, Ray, 911
Colby, William E., 972, 973n, 974-975, 976n, 985-988, 994n, 1030-1031, 1032n, 1034, 1041
Collins, Gen. James F., 658
Colonial wars, 16
Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU) Congress, 1961, 461, 470, 478
Congo, Republic of the (Leopoldville), 58, 556, 567, 582, 678n
Congress, U.S. (see also House of Representatives, U.S.; Senate, U.S.), 144, 147, 176
- Acts of: P.L. 480, 1009
Phoumi, sanctions against, 678n, 688, 694, 698
Thailand, 147, 388
U.S economic and military aid to Laos, 529, 1047
U.S. military intervention in Laos, 163, 666, 730n, 750, 770-774, 803
White House briefings on Southeast Asia, 144, 625-633
Cooper, Chester L., 775, 842, 846, 925n
Corcoran, Thomas J., 127-129, 176n
Cottrell, Sterling J., 258-260, 322, 362, 413, 465n, 501n
Couve de Murville, Maurice, 104, 190, 193, 202, 288, 538-539, 978, 984
- tripartite talks on Laos, 345, 347-351, 365, 368, 378
Craig, Brig. Gen. William H., 363n, 414, 417-418, 426-429
Creel, Robert C., 129, 203-205, 482n, 668, 670n
Croizat, Col. (France), 648
Cross, Charles T., 456n, 483n, 507n, 520n, 523n, 531n, 534n, 540n, 542n, 548n, 557n, 559n, 568n, 573n, 575n, 593n, 596n, 597n, 604n, 609n, 612n, 615n, 616n, 657n, 661n, 670n, 696n, 698n, 781n, 787n, 833n, 848n, 856n, 908n, 914n, 915n, 944, 954n, 968n, 1010n, 1014n
- Souvanna government, 474-475, 504, 545n
U.S. military contingency planning for Laos, 775, 864
- Bay of Pigs incident, 188
prisoners of war, 979, 987, 995
Soviet troops in, 998
U-2 flights over, 975, 978-979, 987
Cushman, Maj. Gen., 659
Cutler, Walter L, 456n, 688
Czechoslovakia, 114
Czyzak, John J., 176n
Daoud Khan, Mohammad, 111
de Beaumarchais, Jacques, 538
de Gaulle, Charles, 1-2, 4, 22, 69, 115, 214-217, 236n
- French role in Laos, 75, 213-214, 978, 986
Southeast Asia Treaty Organization, 101n, 103
Vietnam, Republic of, 1053, 1055
Decker, Gen. George H., 42, 44, 150-153, 164, 169, 658, 722, 729, 734-735, 744
Declaration on the Neutrality of Laos, 854, 856, 861, 863, 871, 907, 1007
Defense, U.S. Department of, 3n, 327, 475, 680, 838, 855
- SEATO/U.S. military intervention in Laos, 162, 166-169, 368, 810, 813, 984, 1019
Desai, Moraji, 434, 494
Deuane, Col. Sunnalath, 948, 951, 967-968, 1055
Diefenbaker, John, 307
Diem, Ngo Dinh. See Ngo Dinh Diem.
Dien Bien Phu, 721, 810
Dillon, C. Douglas, 144, 840n, 1049n
Dirksen, Everett M., 629, 631, 772-773
Disarmament, 235, 679, 979, 1006
Dixon, Pierson, 345, 538
Dobrynin, Anatoliy F., 110, 231, 741, 748, 768, 774, 1010, 1012, 1045n
- Geneva Accords, 1962, 884, 933-934
Nam Tha battle, 722, 726, 734
Domino theory, 19-21, 168, 760, 994n
Douglas, James H., Jr., 1-5, 12
Douglas-Home, Alec. See Home, Lord.
Drozniak, Edward, 1009-1010
Drummond, Roscoe, 19
Duke, Angier Biddle, 940, 1052
Dulles, Allen W., 1, 48, 68n, 69n, 94n, 95n, 144, 163, 398, 465n
- France, 72, 75
military situation in Laos, 3, 5-7, 358, 383, 390, 399
Dungan, Ralph A., 136n, 137n, 909n
Durbrow, Elbridge, 158
East-West conflict, 226-227, 232-233, 277
Easum, Donald B., 336n
Egypt, 2
Eisenhower, Dwight D., 1-8, 11, 19-22, 24n, 25n, 41-42, 143n, 216, 741-742,
760-761
Eisenhower, Col. John S.D., 9-10
Eksakdi, Gen., 699
Erickson, Elden B., 67n
Evans, Harold, 304n, 707
Ewell, Col. Julian, 377, 430n, 560n, 885n
Falaize, Pierre-Louis, 345, 365-366, 380
- Souvanna government, 407, 592, 614-616, 622, 643n, 916
talks with Souvanna, 390-391, 393, 616, 634n
- military situation in Laos, 561n, 599-601, 658-661, 1031, 1033, 1034
Plaines des Jarres recapture strategy, 72-74, 77-79, 87, 121n
Thailand, U.S. troop deployment to, 735, 754-755, 986
U.S. military aid to Laos, 662, 932-933
U.S. military contingency planning for Laos, 163, 212, 268, 826-827, 988-989
FitzGerald, Desmond, 94n, 95n, 358, 711n
Fontana, Brig. Gen. Paul J., 88, 129n, 142, 358, 366, 775, 809, 842
Formosa Resolution, 750
Formosa (see also China, Republic of), 149
Forrestal, Michael V., 668, 677n, 678n, 696n, 698n, 755n, 779n, 789n, 851n, 914n, 915n, 970n, 980n, 1010n
- Agency for International Development, 931
China, People's Republic of, 940
Geneva Accords, 1962, 860, 902-903, 906
Geneva Conference on Laos, 1961-1962, 882
Harriman mission to Moscow, 990, 1000, 1006
International Control Commission, 930-931
Laos, 781n, 908, 936, 985, 1036
- political situation, 883, 911-913, 927, 931-932
U.S. economic aid to, 855-856, 872-874, 909n, 1046-1049
Souvanna government, 885-886
U.S. military aid to Kong Le forces, 928-929, 932-933, 1007-1008, 1016-1018
U.S. military contingency planning for, 685, 775, 1014n, 1019-1023
- State-Defense discussions on, 799- 800, 809, 810n, 812n, 813n, 815-817, 827-828, 830-832, 837-842, 845-846
military situation in Laos, 770, 787-788
- Nam Tha battle, 721-722, 725, 730n, 734, 745-746
Pathet Lao attacks on neutralists, 971-972, 974, 1018, 1035
Pathet Lao-Kong Le conflict, 935-936
Phoumi, U.S. disagreements with, 681, 688n, 694-695, 711-714, 783-785
Souphanouvong visit to Washington, proposed, 925-926, 928n
Souvanna government, 651, 653-654, 662, 667, 837-838, 885-886, 916-917
Souvanna visit to Washington, July 1962, 874
Thailand, 712-714, 758, 767-769, 882-883, 911
visits:
- Southeast Asia, 796
Vietnam, Republic of, 927n
Fowler, James R., 886, 888, 893, 911
France (see also France and French subheadings under other subjects), 76, 110, 164
- China, People's Republic of, relations with, 253
India, relations with, 220
Thailand, relations with, 75
United States, relations with, 34, 40, 43, 45-46, 313
U.S. view of, 2-3, 17
Froment-Meurice (France), 538
Fromer, Julian P., 483
Fulbright, J. William, 632
Galbraith, John Kenneth, 307, 312, 489n
Gates, Thomas S., Jr., 5, 12-13, 15, 18, 19n, 20, 22, 25
Gavin, James M., 69, 97n, 129, 261n, 275, 345, 538, 592n, 594
Geneva Accords, 1962 (see also International Control Commission), 859-860, 862, 943, 978-979, 995-997, 1014n
- Article 6, 1007
compliance with, 875-876, 880, 902-903, 996-997, 1034, 1037
Soviet position, 949
U.S. position, 913, 945n, 958, 1025-1027
Vietnam, Democratic Republic of, position, 870
- China, People's Republic of, role in, 303
French position, 220, 247
Laotian position, 288, 937
Soviet position, 225n
- Asian neutral nations, role in, 177-178
British position, 194-196, 206-212, 249, 464, 486, 854, 907
Canadian position, 194, 196, 198, 201, 208, 486, 907
cease-fire supervision, 201-202, 206-212, 240, 249, 251-252, 315, 327-335
- Cambodian position, 249
Laotian proposals, 335
Vietnam, Republic of, position, 212, 249
Geneva Conference on Laos--Continued
China, People's Republic of, position, 410, 416, 451, 511, 517-518
China, People's Republic of-Soviet split at, 486, 489
civilian technicians, 854
co-chairman role, 411, 458, 472, 478
failure of, responsibility for, 612-613
five-power meeting proposal, 303, 306
French position, 194, 198, 206-210, 249, 486, 854, 907
French role in Laos, 213-214, 221, 408-409
Indian position, 194, 196, 198, 208, 249, 309
International Control Commission, 480, 488, 493-498
- Cambodian draft proposal, 328-329
drafting committee, membership of, 380
French draft proposal, 327-335
Indian draft proposal, 327-335
Soviet proposals, 335
makeup of Laotian government during, 156
military buildup to improve U.S. position at, 178, 182
neutralization of Laos, 179, 312, 315
partitioning of Laos, 259-260
Pathet Lao role in, 190-194, 197-198, 201
private armies, 852, 855
resumption of, 838-839
seating of Laotian delegations, 190-198, 199n, 201-202, 267
- Australian position, 198
Burmese position, 194, 198
Germany, Federal Republic of, position, 198
Philippine position, 194
Vietnam, Republic of, position, 194
Soviet negotiation tactics, 376-379
Soviet position, 116, 124-125, 201, 206-212, 240, 251-252, 402, 410-412, 414, 416, 436
stalemate in, 272, 486, 510-511, 517-518
talks:
- British-French-U.S., 856-857
British-U.S., 179
China, People's Republic of-U.S., 253-254
French-U.S., 179
Thai role in, 198
U.S. briefing papers, FNL 0-1/1, 176-183
U.S. minimum objectives for, 321-327, 453
U.S. negotiating strategies for, 176-190, 303, 306, 485-489
U.S. position, 178-179, 203, 248-249, 270-271, 315, 327-335, 486, 854
U.S public opinion, 176
Vietnam, Democratic Republic of, 318
Gilpatric, Roswell L., 144, 268, 363n, 443, 465n, 789n
- Geneva Accords, 1962, 902
Laos:
- U.S. military contingency planning for, 1041
- Defense-State discussions on, 809, 842, 846
Phoumi, sanctions against, 711
Southeast Asia, military contingency planning for, 383, 390
U.S. troop deployment to Thailand, 758
Glenn, Edmund S., 214, 283, 923, 936n
Gold, Ruth S., 705-706
Goodpaster, Gen. Andrew J., 1, 5, 9n, 11, 42
Gray, Gordon, 5
Greece, 629
Green, Howard C., 201-202, 497, 893n
Greenfield, Taylor H., 775
Greenhill, Denis, 245
Gromyko, Andrei A., 67, 145-146, 231, 402, 443, 452, 454-455, 539, 626, 902
- cease-fire proposals, 105-107, 124, 135, 137-138, 234-236
Gromyko, Andrei A.--Continued
cease-fire violations, 269, 678n
- Nam Tha, 717-718, 724, 734, 743, 748
International Control Commission, 23, 252, 1009
neutralization of Laos, 82, 188, 247
Pathet Lao attacks on neutralists, 957, 962, 976, 978, 984, 986, 990, 997, 1000, 1003-1005
Gulf of Siam, 730, 733, 735, 745-746
Gulf of Tonkin, 340, 384, 973n, 975, 986
Gullion, Edmund A., 556
Guthrie, John C., 575n, 833n
Haffner, Col., 659-660
Hagerty, James C., 1
Hall, Brig. Gen. Linscott A., 578n
Halleck, Charles A., 632
Hammarskjold, Dag, SEATO role in Laos, 3
Hansen, Kenneth R., 390, 909n, 1049
Harkins, Lt. Gen. Paul D., 658, 797, 834-836
- military contingency planning for Laos, 74, 790-791, 813n, 814, 826-827
Thailand, 759, 788, 798
Harriman, W. Averell, 210n, 221n, 236n, 264n, 273n, 282n, 507n, 531n, 534n, 548n, 557n, 559n, 565n, 573n, 593n, 597n, 604n, 612n, 615n, 616n, 620n, 696n, 698n, 731n, 755n, 779n, 781n, 794n, 848n, 852n, 853n, 854n, 855n, 914n, 915n
- British-U.S. relations, 708
Central Intelligence Agency, 796
consultations in Washington, 353, 366, 380, 489
covert activities, 715
Geneva Accords, 1962, 860, 862, 884, 902, 933-934
Geneva Conference on Laos, 1961-1962, 191, 203, 206-210, 303, 306, 374, 440, 443, 907
- cease-fire violations, 224-225, 241, 379
China, People's Republic of, position, 451
China, People's Republic of-U.S. talks, 253-254
Indian position, 309
International Control Commission, China, People's Republic of, position, 526-527
Soviet position, 435-437, 568
stalemate in, 510, 517-518
International Control Commission, 251-252, 275, 285, 295-296, 363-364, 478, 488, 493-498, 1003, 1008-1010
Laos, 241, 883, 936
- British economic aid to, 888, 895
French economic aid to, 888, 895
French role in, 213-214
neutralization of, 243-244, 283
political situation, 446, 911
U.S. economic aid to, 541-542, 851, 858, 1048-1049
U.S. military aid to, 540, 665-666, 1016-1017
U.S. military contingency planning for, 864, 866, 1014n, 1021, 1030-1034, 1041
- State-Defense discussions on, 801, 809-811, 817, 831, 838-839, 842-843, 846-848
military situation in Laos:
- Nam Tha battle, 718-721, 724, 729-730, 734, 745, 747-748
Padong battle, 239
Pathet Lao attacks on neutralists, 964-965, 969-970
Pathet Lao-Kong Le conflict, 935
Phoumi, U.S. disagreements with, 535-536, 543, 657, 665-666, 675, 679-680, 688, 694-695, 711-712, 714
prisoners of war, 670-671, 1052
SEATO/U.S. military intervention in Laos, 172, 681, 776
settlement of Laos crisis, 595-596
- Soviet position, 626-627 633, 1045n
Southeast Asia, 777
- military contingency planning for, 381-382, 390-393, 399
- cabinet selection, 422, 522-523, 571-572, 613-614, 617, 622, 837-838
Defense and Interior posts, dispute over, 590-591, 603, 667, 671, 677-680
Phoumi role in, 655, 692, 783-785
talks:
- Phoumi, 653, 655, 661-664, 682
- Luang Prabang, Apr. 1961, 156n
Vientiane, Sept. 1961, 421-425
Vientiane, Mar. 1962, 668-669
Sarit and Phoumi, Nong Khai, Mar. 1962, 664, 667-668, 677
Souvanna Phouma, 302, 397, 403, 406
- Geneva, June 1961, 243, 261-263
Geneva, Jan. 1962, 584-585
New Delhi, 1961, 97n
Paris, July 1961, 286-288
Phnom Penh, 1961, 174
Rangoon, Sept. 1961, 403, 406-407, 411n, 413, 415-416, 419-423, 622
Washington, July 1962, 874, 879, 881
- U.S. troop deployment to, 758, 767, 855-856, 861
- Geneva, Jan. 1962, 566, 583-584, 587-591
Phoumi stalling tactics, 483, 500-503, 601-602
Vietnam, Democratic Republic of, 867-870
Vietnam, Republic of, 448, 626, 628, 863n, 869-870, 882
visits:
- London, Paris, 978-979, 984, 988-989, 991
Moscow, Apr. 1963, 971-972, 974, 978, 984-991, 993, 997-998, 1000-1006
Paris, 986, 988-989, 991
Southeast Asia, Apr.-May 1961, 140, 142, 143n, 158, 165
- Souvanna government, 551-552, 597n, 634n, 664n
Three Princes meetings, 482n, 512n, 513, 557n
Heintges, Brig. Gen. John A., 13, 73, 75, 79
Heinz, Adm. Luther C., 556, 696n, 775, 806n
Helms, Richard, 644n
Henry, David H., 696n
Herter, Christian A., 1-8, 11-16, 18-25, 26n, 41
Heuan Mongkhonvilay, Gen., 391n, 837n, 849
Hillenbrand, Martin J., 538
Hilsman, Roger, 88, 94n, 501n, 654, 731n, 832n, 968n, 980n, 990n, 1010n, 1014n
- Agency for International Development, 931
Geneva Accords, 1962, 902
International Control Commission, 895-896, 930-931
Laos:
- political situation, 927, 931-932, 953, 985
SEATO/U.S. military intervention in, 775
U.S. economic aid to, 888, 1051
U.S. military aid to, 688-691, 711, 928-929, 1016-1017
U.S. military contingency planning for, 801, 816-817, 1014n, 1021, 1030-1031, 1032, 1041-1042
military situation in Laos, 729, 734, 1052
- Nam Tha battle, 742n, 745, 747-748
Pathet Lao attacks on neutralists, 887, 970-972, 973n, 974-975, 976n, 992, 994
Viet Minh, 893-894, 897-901
Vietnam, Republic of, 834, 917, 927n
Ho Chi Minh, 219, 445, 867, 993
Ho Chi Minh Trail, 236, 255, 314, 404, 873
Hoang Nguyen, 867
Hollingsworth, R.E., 722n
Home, Lord, 5, 119-121, 137n, 142, 188, 247, 538-539, 738, 997n, 1004
- British-U.S. talks, 116-118
Geneva Conference on Laos, 1961-1962, 190, 193, 197, 202
International Control Commission, 23, 135, 245-246
Pathet Lao attacks on neutralists, 957, 962, 976, 987, 990
SEATO/US military intervention in Laos, 132-133
tripartite talks, 345, 347-351, 365, 368, 378
Hoover, J. Edgar, 144
Houane, 548n
Hounpanh Bounthieng, 763
House of Representatives, U.S., Foreign Relations Committee, 681
Hoyer Millar, Frederick, 116, 119
Hughes, Thomas L., 748, 953-954, 976n
Hull, Gen., 212
Humphrey, Hubert H., 226, 633, 773
Imhof, Johannes V., 1010n
India (see also India and Indian subheadings under other subjects), 76, 179-180, 216, 238, 470, 1026
- Canada, relations with, 307n, 311
China, People's Republic of, relations with, 891
China, People's Republic of-U.S. war, 163
France, relations with, 220
Pakistan, relations with, 628
United States, relations with, 162
Indonesia, 16, 160, 760
Inigaki (Japanese journalist), 209
Inpeng, 508, 651-652
Intelligence capabilities, 123, 1026
International Conference on the Settlement of the Laotian Question. See Geneva Conference on Laos, 1961-1962.
International Control Commission (ICC):
- British position, 4-5, 10-11, 68, 70, 135, 245-246, 268, 295n, 369, 496, 989, 991
British-U.S. talks, 954
Cambodia, 267, 328-329, 334, 411
Canadian position, 11, 16, 269, 295n, 307, 324, 369, 496-497, 906, 930-931
Canadian role in, 857-858, 893, 1057
cease-fire supervision, 245-246, 248-249, 268-269, 275, 316
China, People's Republic of, position, 245, 269, 416, 480, 526-527
costs of operation, 333-334
foreign troops, withdrawal of, 864-865, 905
French position, 257, 267, 287, 295n, 327-335, 369
Geneva Accords, 1962, 943, 906
helicopters, use of, 888, 895-896
Ho Chi Minh Trail, policing of, 873
Indian position, 245, 267, 307-312, 316, 327-335, 369, 494, 496, 906, 930-931
Indian role in, 16, 138, 218, 470, 859-860, 1057
Laotian control of, 262, 287, 352, 936n
Laotian position, 313
MacDonald compromise, 295
military situation in Laos:
- Air America plane, downing of, 922
Nam Tha battle, 724, 743, 780
Padong battle, 239 - 241
Pathet Lao attacks on neutralists, 955-956, 960, 962-963, 965
International Control Commission (ICC)--Continued
Plaines des Jarres operations, 997n, 1002-1003, 1009, 1057
Polish role in, 16, 262, 463, 1044, 1045n, 1057
powers of, 113, 285, 287, 289, 311, 314, 363-364
- Burmese position, 369
Thai position, 369
Vietnam, Republic of, position, 369
reactivation of, 4-5, 17, 51, 64-66, 70, 98, 138
- British-Canadian-U.S. talks on, 11, 16, 18, 23, 27, 34
Cambodian position, 11
Indian position, 9-10, 23, 64
Thai position, 10, 16
- British position, 496
Canadian position, 496-497
Indian position, 494, 496
Soviet position, 16, 64-66, 228-230, 235-236, 295, 462, 488
Soviet proposals, 135, 267, 295-296, 335, 411, 488
Soviet role in, 859-860, 989, 991
Thai role in Laos, 199
U.N. role in, 343, 803-804
unanimity rule, 187, 201, 206-212, 217-219, 224-225, 332, 436, 462, 471, 480, 488, 942-943
U.S. position, 5-6, 16-17, 51, 98, 295n, 369, 462, 942-943
Viet Minh failure to withdraw, 906, 930-931
Vietnam, 334, 343
Vietnam, Democratic Republic of, 172n
withdrawal from Laos, 1957, 23
International Court of Justice, 861
International Monetary Fund (IMF), 1047
International Red Cross, 110, 671
Iran, 110, 168, 216
Irwin, John N. II, 12
Isle of Pines, 979
Janow, Seymour J., 878, 888-889, 893, 911, 1048
Japan, 44, 149, 216-217, 751
Jenkins, Alfred leS., 245, 253n, 337n, 355n
Johnson, Charles, 704n, 722n
Johnson, Gerald, 722n
Johnson, Lyndon B., 68n, 72, 95n, 144, 162n, 171, 630-631, 961n, 963n, 985
Johnson, Robert H., 258n, 259-260, 354n, 355n, 359, 390n, 417n, 426n, 469n, 565-567
- Geneva Conference on Laos, 1961-1962, 312-315, 327, 377-379
International Control Commission, 327, 498
military contingency planning, 376-377, 399, 413-415
Southeast Asia, 317-320
Souvanna government, 474-476, 528-530, 545n
- Geneva Conference on Laos, 1961-1962, 489
Kong Le forces, 922
Laos, 985
- political situation, 69, 446
U.S. military contingency planning for, 308, 337-340, 358, 866
State-Defense discussions on, 801, 809, 812, 831n, 842
U.S. policy, 142, 150, 153
Nam Tha attack, 718
reassignment to Washington, 76
SEATO fact-finding commission proposal, 52
SEATO/U.S. military intervention in Laos, 183, 276, 413-414
Southeast Asia, 322-325, 440
- military contingency planning for, 363, 366-368, 375, 377, 382-385, 387n, 390-391, 393-396
Southeast Asian Task Force, 400
Souvanna government, 323, 571, 613, 642-644, 655-656
Soviet aircraft, downing of, 438
Three Princes meetings, 256-259, 539n
Viet Minh, 324, 896
Joint Chiefs of Staff (JCS), 13-14, 35, 109-110, 579-583, 627, 680
- documents:
- CM-85-61, 77
J2DM-63-61, 59
JCSM 232-61, 121-123
JCSM 460-61, 292-294
JCSM 704-61, 449
JCSM 12-62, 580-583
JCSM 13 - 62, 13
JCSM 376-62, 742-744
JCSM 431-62, 829-830
JCSM 330-63, 999-1000
Laos:
- military situation, 1, 121-122, 292-293, 564, 599, 600n, 624, 742-744, 973, 999-1000
U.S. military contingency planning for, 72n, 1014n, 1019-1020, 1029-1030
- Laotian panhandle, securing of, 360, 362
State-Defense discussions on, 799, 801, 811, 826, 829-830, 843, 845
SEATO/U.S. military intervention, 94n, 123, 164, 169-170, 447, 449n, 666
Southeast Asia, military contingency planning for, 366-368, 370
Thailand, 9, 123, 292, 754-755, 986-987
Kachins, 282
Kamoune Boupha. See Khamoune Boupha.
Kampheuane, 837n
Karins, 282
Kashmir, 628
Katanga, 567, 678n
Kaysen, Carl, 596n, 722n, 730n, 758, 840n, 885n, 886, 893, 904, 909n, 1034n
Kaysone, 543, 925, 1053
Kennan, George F., 400, 402, 403n, 408, 409n, 412n
Kennedy, John F., 68n, 127n, 145n, 172n, 176n, 195n, 388n, 421n, 512n, 620n, 644n, 665n, 852n, 853n, 854n, 856n
- Air America plane, downing of, 923
Berlin crisis, 473
British-U.S. talks, 116-118, 162n, 706-708
Cambodian neutrality, 774
China, People's Republic of, 940-941
Cuba, 973, 975, 987
domino theory, 994n
Geneva Accords, 1962, 860, 884, 902
Geneva Conference on Laos, 1961-1962, 105-107, 185, 187, 189, 307, 315, 353, 368n, 489
- cease-fire supervision, 210-212, 235-236, 241, 327
seating of Laotian delegations, 193, 195-196
International Control Commission, 470, 493-497, 937
Khrushchev, correspondence with, 473-474, 506, 1000-1001
Kuomintang irregulars, 63n
Laos, 595-596, 608, 712-714
- army capabilities, 290, 292, 296, 623
British economic aid to, 886, 908
congressional briefing on, 626-628, 630-633
French role in, 213n, 214n, 886, 908
neutrality of, 100, 283-286
partition of, 324, 337
Phoumi, U.S. disagreements with, 482-483, 500, 501n, 565, 598, 657, 662, 665-666, 694, 698, 711-712, 783, 785n
political situation, 112, 446, 781n, 911
SEATO role in, French-U.S. differences over, 101-103
Soviet influence in, 1031
United States, relations with, 685-687
U.S. economic aid to, 851, 855, 862, 885, 1046, 1048-1049, 1051
dollar drain, 872, 885
U.S. military aid to, 662, 665-666, 787, 862, 914-915, 939, 1016-1017, 1041-1042
U.S. military contingency planning for, 358, 413, 789-790, 802, 813, 815-816,
839, 845-848, 1019, 1021-1023, 1036-1037
- Laotian panhandle, securing of, 359
logistics, 795-796
State-Defense discussions on, 799-800, 812-813
U.S. policy, 142, 166, 412, 579
military situation in Laos, 45, 62, 71, 426, 1052
- Nam Tha battle, 719-723, 729, 734-735, 740-742, 745-748
Pathet Lao attacks on neutralists, 935, 957-958, 960, 962, 965, 968-975, 971-973, 991-995, 1018
Plaines des Jarres recapture strategy, 72-74, 77-79, 84
policy differences with Eisenhower administration, 215, 228, 233-234, 874
presidential transition meetings, 19-22, 24-25, 41-42
SEATO/U.S. military intervention:
- Laos, 94, 126, 304-305, 414, 681, 828
Thailand, 977
Vietnam, Republic of, 977-980
Southeast Asia, 26-27, 440, 443
- military contingency planning for, 321-325, 341, 366, 370-371, 376, 387, 390-394, 397-399, 4
Soviet-U.S. talks, 452, 454-455
- U.S. economic and military aid to, 840-841, 885
U.S. support of, 640-642, 644, 649
Soviet-U.S. relations, 80, 452, 454-455, 923-924
Soviet view of, 30
talks:
- Khrushchev, Vienna, June 1961, 210-212, 224-236, 401, 782n, 860, 924, 1001n,
1004-1005, 1044
Sarit and Phoumi, Nong Khai, Mar. 1962, 663, 664n
Souvanna, July 1962, 872n, 874-877
- U.S. troop deployment to, 735, 758-760, 767, 856, 894
Viet Minh, 417, 937
Vietnam, Democratic Republic of, 319n, 354
Vietnam, Republic of, 417, 869-870, 1053
visits, Paris, May-June 1961, 214-220
- military situation in Laos, 745, 973-974
Southeast Asia, military contingency planning for, 390, 395-396, 399
Ketsana, Col. Vongnarath, 934, 936n, 951, 966, 1002
Kham Ouane. See Khamouane Boupha, Gen.
Khamking, Prince, 607
Khamouane Boupha, Gen., 243, 457, 623n, 858, 920, 1054-1055
Khampan, Prince, 685-687, 783, 936, 944, 1051
Khampham Boupa, 391n, 837n, 849
Khamphan Panya, 3n, 174, 508, 548, 558n, 606, 651-652, 668
Khamsing, 391n, 548
Khamsouk Keola, cabinet role for, 287, 391n, 643n, 675, 837n, 849
Khas, 282, 582, 744, 802, 873, 996, 1057
Khoun One Vorang, 837n, 849
Khoun One Voravong, 643n
Khrushchev, Nikita S., 48, 110-111, 116, 145n, 926, 1000-1005
- Berlin, 294, 318
China, People's Republic of-Soviet relations, 943
communism, 243
Geneva Accords, 1962, 860, 884, 906, 933, 939
Geneva Conference on Laos, 1961-1962, 235-236, 241, 308, 342, 459-460, 627
Harriman mission to Moscow, 997-998
health of, 862, 1006
International Control Commission, 1003, 1009
Kennedy, correspondence with, 473-474, 506, 1000-1001
Laos, 136, 772, 905
- cease-fire in, 105, 125, 240-241, 707
neutralization of, 75, 80-82, 86, 148, 188, 418
Soviet-U.S. talks, 459-461, 471-472, 1043-1045
support for accords in, 782n, 937, 1045, 1053
military situation in Laos:
- Nam Tha battle, 726, 740, 747
Pathet Lao attacks on neutralists, 957-958, 960, 962, 965, 970, 972, 974-979
Southeast Asia, 318-319, 374, 452
Souvanna cabinet selection, 506, 522
Soviet political situation, 984, 987
talks with Kennedy:
- Vienna, June 1961, 210-212, 224-236, 401, 782n, 860, 924, 1001n, 1004-1005, 1044
1963 proposal, 900
Viet Minh, 896, 906, 933, 939
Vietnam conflict, 445
Kohler, Foy D., 93, 101, 116, 119, 124n, 231, 245, 454, 538
- Pathet Lao attacks on neutralists, 984, 986, 1000, 1005
Kong Le, 74, 181, 265, 392, 463, 525n, 554n, 650, 674, 879
- coup, Aug. 1960, 8, 74, 76
French support of, 38, 912, 964, 1011, 1033
instability of, 980-981
Meos, 508, 951, 981-982
military situation in Laos, 1n, 157, 583, 722, 727
Pathet Lao, 355
- attacks on, 954-957, 959, 961, 971-972
split with, 268, 346, 348, 398, 629, 895, 912, 928, 935-937, 950-952, 1056
Quinim assassination, 953n, 954
Souvanna government, 643n, 847, 850, 916n, 918n, 927-929
U.S. military aid to forces of, see under Laos
U.S. view of, 469, 475n, 919-920
visit to Paris, 1962, 708, 725
Korea, Republic of, 216, 773, 812
- Status of Forces Agreement with the United States, 848
Koren, Henry L.T., 545n, 548n, 657n, 661n, 665n, 670n, 696n, 698n, 740n, 781n, 852n, 853n, 854n, 856n, 886n, 888, 908n, 914n, 915n, 933n, 954n, 968n, 1010n, 1014n, 1042n
- Laos, 775, 874, 893, 911, 944, 1041, 1048
Thailand, 894, 911, 922
Kouprasith Abhay, Gen., 502, 651-652, 763
Kriebel, P. Wesley, 775
Kuchel, Thomas, 773
Kuomintang irregulars, 60-61, 63, 145
- Sino-Soviet bloc position, 180, 201, 437, 611, 868-869, 1000n, 1004
Kuznetzov, Vasiliy V., 15, 110, 209, 603n
Lall, Arthur, 494, 518, 907
Laloy, Jean, 538
Lansdale, Gen. Edward G., 445, 711, 980n
Laos:
- see also
- Boun Oum-Phoumi government
Geneva Conference on Laos, 1961-1962
International Control Commission
Meos
Military situation in Laos
Neo Lao Hak Xat
Pathet Lao
Souvanna government
Southeast Asia Treaty Organization/U.S. military intervention
Three Princes meetings
Laos and Laotian subheadings under other subjects
anti-government forces, numbers of, 623
areas of government control, 254-255
arms reduction agreements, 16
army demobilization, 479, 912, 1026
assassinations in, 934, 936n, 951, 953-955, 966-967, 1050, 1055
Australian economic aid to, 852, 1050
Australian military intervention in, 43
Auto-Defense Corps, 263
Ban Na Mon meeting, 159, 174, 190, 195, 203-205, 281-282, 301-302, 335-336, 416, 424
British economic aid to, 852, 873, 886, 908-910, 913, 1048, 1050, 1052-1053
buffer state role for, 404, 729-730, 732, 876
cease-fire in, 188-190, 438, 789-790
- British proposals, 100, 104-107, 109, 124-125, 160
- Soviet response, 110-111
French position, 675
Indian position, 675
Kong Le proposal, 159, 174, 190
Pathet Lao call for, 171-172
Polish position, 679
Soviet delay of, 115-116, 124-127, 129
Soviet position, 145-146, 678n, 679
Soviet proposal, 135, 137-139
U.S. response to violations of, 778-781, 797-799
- air bases in, 752
Soviet control over, 619
``volunteers", 40, 60-61
CIA covert support of, 715-716
coalition government (see also Souvanna government), 281, 406
- Souvanna role in:
- tripartite agreement on, 345-353, 365, 368, 376
U.S. position, 351-353, 384, 432-433
communist subversion techniques, 470
communist takeover of, 104n, 164, 515, 627
conference in Cambodia on, 11n, 24, 33
congressional briefing on, 625-633
Danish role in, 222
defense of, 259-260
- Thai proposal, 712-714
disarmament of military forces in, 179, 184-185, 199n
economic situation, cost reduction, 910
failure to act in, results of, 28, 30-31, 166-168, 217, 822, 983
federalism, 945-948
food shortages, 288
foreign troops, withdrawal of, 333, 380, 408-409, 905
- Soviet position, 402
French economic aid to, 813, 852, 857, 873, 879, 886, 908-910, 913-914, 1036, 1048, 1050, 1052-1053
French military aid to, 858-859, 865, 912
French role in, 115, 247, 365, 480-481
- China, People's Republic of, position, 480-481
Laotian position, 12, 262, 353, 366
military intervention, 74, 218-219
military mission, withdrawal of, 12-13
military training, 213, 221-222, 347-348, 365
Soviet position, 408-409, 480-481
Thai position, 405
U.S. position, 12-13, 213-214, 221-222
government of councils proposal, 622n, 634n, 635-636, 644, 647, 649-650
government of national unity, see Souvanna government
government of technicians proposal, 81-82, 324
Indian role in, 222
integration of military forces, 348-349, 377-379, 638
- Soviet position, 436
Kuomintang irregulars in, 60-61, 63, 145
- Sino-Soviet bloc position, 180, 201, 437, 611, 868-869, 1000n, 1004
- U.S. military aid to, 18, 62-63, 272, 705-706, 958, 961, 964-965, 981-982, 1008
U.S. military contingency planning for, 263-264, 802
Military Assistance Advisory Group, 186, 773
- Special Forces, 343
withdrawal of, 660-661, 857-858, 864-866, 900-901, 904
multilateral aid to, 199n
Neutralist Party (LPK), 872-873, 875
- Congress, Phongsavan, Oct. 1961, 463
- SEATO role in, 510-511
Soviet position, 774
U.S. position, 32, 55, 100
palatine of, 112, 114
partition of, 254-256, 342-343
- Australian position, 339
Cambodian position, 153
east and west zones, 428, 947, 949
Laotian position, 703-704
military contingency planning for, 323, 1020
New Zealand position, 339
north and south sectors, 186, 761
Philippine position, 339
Thai position, 339, 776
Thailand, effect on, 621
three-way split proposal, 223, 236-239, 255-256, 761
unity, comparison with, 354-358, 425-426
U.S. position, 567, 1028
Vietnam, Democratic Republic of, position, 949
Vietnam, Republic of, effect on, 258-259, 621
police reorganization, 469
police training:
- French role in, 540-541
Indonesian role in, 529
Malayan role in, 529
U.S. role in, 540-541
- coalition government:
- French position, 215-216, 250-251
seven-party coalition proposal, 273
- postponement of, 92-93, 114, 187, 352
Souvanna resignation threat, 918-821
Soviet position, 1012
private armies in, 852, 855
Santiphab, 966
SEATO role in, 19-20, 22, 41, 107-108, 477, 480
- British position, 21, 79
China, People's Republic of, position, 471
communist position, 312-313
French position, 21, 79, 101-103
Indian proposal, 478
JCS position, 14
Laotian renunciation of, 853, 855
Soviet position, 471-472
U.N. position, 3
Soviet economic aid to, 873
Soviet influence in, 1031, 1035, 1045-1046
Soviet military aid to, 124, 1032
Soviet policy, U.S. position, 15
Statement on the Neutrality of Laos, 907
Swedish role in, 222
Swiss role in, 222
talks on:
- British-Soviet, 463-464
British-U.S., 116-121, 162n, 245-247, 704-708
French-U.S., 214, 220
Soviet-U.S., 93-94, 355, 1044-1046
bargaining chips for, 33, 36-37
Soviet position, 459-461, 470-472
tripartite, 345-351, 365, 368, 378, 456-457
Thai military aid to, 1043
Thai military intervention in, 258-260, 272, 367, 384, 390, 399, 413-415, 428, 750-752, 1019
Thai tribals in, 582
Thailand, traditional enmity with
tribal people (see also Meos; Khas; Yaos), 876-877, 887
tripartite working group report, 345-347, 350-353, 365
U.N. economic aid to, 470
U.N. role in, 115
United States, relations with, 198-199
U.S. economic aid to, 54, 469-470, 914, 1046-1049, 1051
- cash grants, 888, 895, 910
corruption and waste in, 878
U.S. economic aid to--Continued
dollar drain, 872, 885-886, 1049
Meo relief, 604, 913, 995-996, 1007
monthly payments, 705-706
Neutralist Party newspaper subsidies, 879-880
non-project program, 909-910, 913
Pathet Lao position, 263
political objectives in, 182
project program, 910, 913
refugee relief, 995-996
restoration of, 772
road construction, 877, 910, 913, 932n
rural development, 996
U.S. military aid to (see also Military Assistance Advisory Group above), 297, 996-997, 1048
- aircraft, 1042-1043
airlift of supplies and troops, 35-36
artillery, 1016-1017, 1038
Australian position, 1038
British position, 1038
force level increase, funding for, 123, 129
French position, 1038
JCS-State Department disagreement over, 7-8
Kong Le forces, supply of, 914-915, 922, 928-929, 932-933, 939, 958, 963-965,
981, 1007-1008, 1014-1018
military intelligence training course, 296
neutralization, 54
Plaines des Jarres forces, support of, 958, 963-965
police training and salaries, 70-71
Soviet position, 234-235
troop bonuses, 9
troop training, 35, 49, 275
White Star teams, 678n, 718
821, 1019-1030
- airfields, 354n
Annamite cordillera, 817n, 834-835
Australian position, 316, 1036
British position, 316, 1031, 1036
China, People's Republic of, reaction to, 805-806, 808, 836
forces needed for intervention, 804, 810, 813-816, 819, 827
French position, 1034, 1037
guerrilla pacification, 811
immediate actions, recommendations for, 823
Laotian army role, 805, 829
Laotian panhandle, securing of, 339, 342, 359-362
- Thai role in, 359
Vietnam, Republic of, role in, 359
partition, 323, 1020
Pathet Lao reaction to, 805
Plaines des Jarres recapture strategy, 72-74, 77-79, 84-85
post-Geneva Accords era, 793-794, 864
Soviet reaction to, 805
State-Defense discussions on, 799-802, 809-817, 826-836, 838-848, 1028-1030
Thai occupation of Sayabouri, 802, 807-808, 810, 818-819
U.S. deployment in Thailand, effect on, 792
Vientiane, fall of, 174
military intervention
U.S. policy, 28-40, 83, 140-144, 161, 579-583, 586-588
- Soviet position, 412
U.S. political objectives in, 166
Veterans Association, 638
Viet Minh military intervention in, 14, 334, 362, 430-431, 820-821
- Laotian position, 165, 173
Soviet position, 229
Vietnam, Democratic Republic of, relations with, 288
Vietnam, Republic of, military aid to, 14
Vietnam, Republic of, military intervention in, 258-260, 272, 371-375
- paramilitary units, 390, 413-414
Lapin, S.G., 1000
Lath, Tiao, 262
League of Red Cross Societies, 264
Lebanon, 761
Lebanon-Jordan crisis, 63
Lebel, Claude, 11n, 75, 214
Ledward, R.T.D., 70n, 245, 504
Ledwidge, W.B.J., 538
Legere, Col. Laurence, 909n, 925n, 1006n, 1014n
LeMay, Gen. Curtis E., 150-151, 153-154, 800, 995
Lemnitzer, Gen. Lyman L., 68n, 110, 254n, 418n, 465n, 571, 789n
- cease-fire violations, 292-294
Geneva Accords, 1962, 902
Laos:
- U.S. military aid to, 16-17, 48-49, 275, 694, 904
U.S. military contingency planning for, 77, 324, 337, 358, 360, 398
- Defense-State discussions on, 809, 811, 812n, 829-830, 842, 846
Plaines des Jarres recapture strategy, 72, 74, 78, 121n
- bombing missions, 87, 109
Nam Tha battle, 745, 759
Southeast Asia, 27
- military contingency planning for, 363, 366, 383-384, 390, 393-395, 399
Thailand, 4, 735, 758, 767, 773
Viet Minh, 417, 771
Vietnam, Republic of, 158, 417, 760
Leuam Rajasombath, 508, 606, 825
Leurs, William H., 456n
Levchenko, Nikifor, 56
Lincoln, Evelyn, 19n, 20n
Lippmann, Walter, 226
Little, E.S., 852n, 853n, 854n
Luce, Adm. (UK), 268, 384
Lucet, Charles, 345, 538, 991n
Lyon, Cecil B., 538, 717n
MacDonald, Malcolm, 251, 345-346, 348, 464, 539, 575n, 585n, 588n, 693, 707
- Geneva Conference on Laos, 1961-1962, 295, 303, 410, 416, 435, 510-511, 517-518,
606-607, 861
International Control Commission, 206-207, 209, 412, 526-527
Nam Tha battle, 719-720, 724, 748
Southeast Asia Treaty Organization, 472, 543-544
- visits:
- Key West, Mar. 1961, 101n
Washington, Apr. 1961, 112, 116-118
Washington, Apr. 1962, 704n, 707, 708n
Malaya, 34, 37, 57, 67, 180, 216, 426, 631
Malenkov, Georgi M., 234
Manac'h (France), 538
Manfull, Melvin S., 380n, 408n, 451n, 464n, 481n, 493n
Manila Pact. See Southeast Asia Collective Defense Treaty.
Mann, Charles, 886
Mansfield, Mike, 147, 629-632
Mao Tse-tung, 226-227, 374, 417, 876
Marshall, Gen. George C., 21
Martin, Edwin W., 253n, 648
Maung Maung Gyi, 867
Mayrand (UK), 512, 738
McCloy, John J., 245
McConaughy, Walter P., 155n, 208n, 211n, 241n, 253n, 266n, 273n, 304n, 309n,
337n, 456n, 483n, 499n, 501n, 507n, 520n, 523n, 531n
- International Control Commission, 245
McConaughy, Walter P.--Continued
Laos, 150, 258-259, 263-264, 283
Southeast Asia, 322
- Cuba, 979, 995
military situation in Laos, 762, 770, 964, 972n, 974, 976, 991-992
Thailand, 758, 767
U-2 flights, 993
U.S. military contingency planning, 741, 760-761, 795-796, 1021-1022, 1030-1034, 1041
McCormick, William T., 486-488
McCrea, Col. W.S., 110n, 613n, 775, 980n, 1042n
McGarr, Lt. Gen. Lionel C., 428
McGhee, George C., 68-69, 72, 76, 116, 119, 245, 531n, 613, 801, 878
McKee, Gen. William F., , 1021, 1030-1032
McKenzie, Col., 715
McNamara, Robert S., 19n, 20n, 68n, 94n, 95n, 129n, 144, 162n, 167n, 363n,
429n, 447n, 449n, 465n, 578n, 755n, 789n, 1031n, 1049n
- Geneva Accords, 1962, 902
Gulf of Tonkin, 993
jet transport aircraft, 44
Laos, 985
- JCS position, 109
Military Assistance Advisory Group, withdrawal of, 695, 904
military capabilities, 773
political situation, 273, 571, 911
U.S. military contingency planning for, 86 - 87, 358, 1021, 1030 - 1034, 1041- 1042
- Plaines des Jarres recapture<#0105><#0105> strategy, 72, 78-79, 121
State-Defense discussions on, 799, 802, 809-817, 819, 826-827, 831, 833-834, 842-848
- Nam Tha battle, 742, 745-746, 770, 773
Pathet Lao attacks on neutralists, 972, 973n, 974-975
presidential transition meetings, 19, 20n, 41
SEATO/U.S. military intervention:
- Laos, 59, 126, 147, 744n
Vietnam, Democratic Republic of, 977
- military contingency planning for, 383, 385, 390, 394-397, 399, 443
military vs. political alternatives for, 446-449
- U.S. troop deployment to, 144, 735, 758, 767, 771, 903-904
Menon, Krishna, 202, 238, 244, 269, 307, 309-310, 871
Menshikov, Mikhail A., 15, 56, 63-67, 145, 147, 231, 436n, 454
Menzies, Robert G., 1
Meos, 237, 282, 420, 561n, 744, 844, 858, 873, 929-930, 1015, 1057
- increased troop strength, 388-390, 397-398, 582
Kong Le forces, cooperation with, 951, 981-982
logistics for support of, 873, 880, 894
U.S. economic aid to, 604, 913, 995-996, 1007
U.S. military aid to, 18, 62-63, 272, 705-706, 958, 961, 964-965, 981-982,
1008
U.S. military contingency planning for, 263-264, 802
Metcalf, Lee E., 309n
Miaos. See Meos.
Micunovic, Veljko, 994
Mikoyan, Anastas I., 923-924, 933
Military Assistance Advisory Group (MAAG), 18, 157, 719
- British position, 137
covert activities, 715-716
- aerial reconnaissance, 398-399
Air America plane, downing of, 921-924, 936n, 1052
Australian position, 140, 958, 1011-1012
B-26 planes, bombing by, 109, 139-140, 143n, 153
battles:
- Ban Houei Sai, 730, 736
Khang Khay, 961, 967, 994
Mahaxay, 600-601, 603
Muong Kassy, 127, 133
Muong Sai, 139-140
Muong Sing, 716, 718, 720-722, 724, 727, 740n, 743
Nam Bac, capture by Pathet Lao, 9
Nam Beng Valley, 600
Nam Tha, 600-601, 603, 614-616, 621-622, 717-721, 723-724, 729, 732, 741, 745, 1011
- cease-fire, effect on, 764, 771
China, People's Republic of, role in, 720, 773
Laotian army, effect of defeat on, 726-728, 742-743, 755-756, 762-763, 769-770,
775-779
Pathet Lao withdrawal from, 780, 783n, 824n, 825
Soviet position, 611-612
U.S. contingency planning after, 734-739, 748-754
Phou Khoun road junction, 48
Plaines des Jarres, Feb.-Mar. 1961, 48, 62, 68
Tha Thom, 562
Thakhek, 127, 133, 136, 562
Vang Vieng, 12
Xieng Khouang, 994
- Meo attacks on, 489-491, 494-496, 502, 508, 516
Pathet Lao attacks on, 961, 967
cease-fire, military operations during, 427-428
China, People's Republic of, military intervention, U.S. retaliation for, 167
French position, 130-131, 140, 958, 972, 1011, 1015
Laotian army capabilities, 290-292, 296-297, 404, 524-525, 587, 599-601, 610, 763-764
- improvements in, 561-564, 578-579, 581-582, 623-625
Laotian army morale, 38, 45, 173, 743, 1015
Military Assistance Advisory Group, 705-706
military balance of power in Laos, 951
military representatives meeting, Ban Hin Heup, 621
monsoon, effect of, 114-115, 318
Pathet Lao attacks on government enclaves, 251-252, 257, 268
Pathet Lao attacks on neutralists, 954-960, 966-967, 972-974, 1
- casualty figures for, 994n
Kong Le forces, regrouping of, 990-994, 1007n, 1008, 1010-1012, 1015-1016
New Zealand position, 958
Pakistani position, 958
Philippine position, 958
Soviet position, 976-979, 1000-1006
Thai position, 958
U.S. military response to, 971-980, 1035
U.S. position, 961-965, 968-970, 1017n
Philippine military advisers, 122, 128
rightist coup, possible, 619
Soviet aircraft, downing of, 438-439
Soviet airlift, 53, 74, 124, 133, 441
strengthening of military forces, 777-778
Thai forces in Laos:
- artillery batteries, 129, 131, 134, 136-137
military advisers, 122, 128
reserve regiments, 123
U.S. military advisers:
- China, People's Republic of, position, 147n
combat roles for, 130-131
Soviet position, 145-146
Viet Minh military intervention, 167, 305
Montagnards, 835
Moore, Charles R., 89, 90n
Morris (UK), 299, 634n
Murrow, Edward R., 88, 144, 390, 399, 985
National Security Council (NSC), 475, 959-960
- action memoranda:
- No. 55, 579
No. 80, 399-400
No. 104, 468n
No. 149, 695-696
No. 189, 904
No. 249, 1034n
No 259, 1050
- No. 2410, 144
No. 2415, 154-155
No. 2417, 164
No. 2418, 171
No. 2464, 965n
No. 2465, 988-989
- 473d, Jan. 5, 1961, 6-8
479th, Apr. 27, 1961, 144, 146
480th, Apr. 29, 1961, 148n, 154-155
481st, May 1, 1961, 162-164
482d, May 2, 1961, 164n, 171, 173n
486th, June 29, 1961, 274, 341
511th, Apr. 10, 1963, 964-965
512th, Apr. 20, 1963, 976-980
513th, Apr. 22, 1963, 991-995
Nehru, Jawaharlal, 17, 82, 96-97, 121, 143, 158, 217, 220, 434
- International Control Commission, 16, 124n, 218, 307, 310-312, 316, 470
- arrest of members of, 938
role in coalition, 177, 181, 336, 349, 352
Vietnam, Democratic Republic of, position, 868-869
- Australian position, 55n
British position, 55n
Canadian position, 55n
failure of, 70
French position, 55n
Laotian position, 91-92
Pakistani position, 55n
Philippine position, 55n
Soviet position, 80-82
Soviet-U.S. talks on, 55-58
Thai position, 55n
U.S. position, 49n, 50n, 51-55, 97
Ngo Dinh Diem, 158, 293, 407, 415, 417
- Laos, 164, 342-343, 367, 371-375, 428, 434
military contingency planning, 403, 413n, 414
Soviet view of, 506
Vietnam, Democratic Republic of, military intervention in, 876
Vietnam, Republic of, 443-444, 863n, 869
- political situation, 411, 441, 882, 1054
security treaty with the United States, 448
Vietnam, Democratic Republic of, military intervention in, 308, 316, 325, 428
Ngon Sananikone, 91, 174, 532, 548, 606, 668, 906, 919, 944, 1052
- cabinet role for, 837n, 849-850
Nhouy Abhay, 508, 532, 651-652, 668
Niblock, Thomas C., 1048
Nitze, Paul H., 12, 48, 50n, 88, 94n, 95n, 273n, 273, 888, 893, 985
- Pathet Lao attacks on neutralists, 972, 974
SEATO/U.S. military intervention in, 183
Southeast Asia, defense of, 26
U.S. military contingency planning for Laos, 72, 809, 842, 846
U.S. policy on Laos, 142, 586-588
Norodom Sihanouk, Prince. See Sihanouk, Prince Norodom.
North Atlantic Council, 979
North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), 30, 465
Nou Ing Ratanavong, 648
Nouhak Phoumsavan, 119, 543, 674, 925, 1052
Nouphat Daoheuang, 652, 825
Nu, U, 881
Nuclear war, 40, 152-153, 163, 294, 345, 753
Nuclear weapons, 94n, 741n
- nonproliferation, 965n, 998
testing, 202, 230, 235, 408, 965n, 974, 998, 1006
O'Donnell, Gen. Emmett, Jr., 658-661
Okinawa, 20, 39, 149, 993
Operation Farmgate, 1041
Operation Millpond, 96, 104n
Ormsby Gore, David, 504-505, 707-708
Ouane Ratrikoun, Brig. Gen., 273n, 283, 762-763
Oudom Souvannavong, 507, 532, 643n, 651-652, 825
Oudon Sananikone, 763
Oun Heuan, 508, 532
Pakistan, 39, 120-121, 168, 216, 776
India, relations with, 628
Parker, Gen., 366
Parsons, J. Graham, 12, 26n, 27n, 28n, 67n, 85n, 89n, 93n, 94n, 95n, 96n, 98n
- bombing missions, 87-88
coalition rule in Laos, 109
diplomatic proposals for Laotian crisis, 16-17, 48, 55-56, 63, 70, 91-93
Pathet Lao (see also Military situation in Laos; Neo Lao Hak Xat (NLHX)), 15,
38, 237, 355, 683, 743, 787, 892-893, 938-939, 949-950
- Air America plane, downing of, 921-924, 936n
arrest of members of, 938
assassinations by, 934, 951
attacks on government enclaves, 251-252, 257, 268
bisection of Laos, 127, 133, 136, 140
Boun Oum-Phoumi government, 1n, 554n
British position, 46, 132n
cease-fire, 171-172, 675
China, People's Republic of, military aid to, 624
coalition government, 117
consolidation of power by, 297-298, 355
demobilization of, 181, 377-378, 422
- China, People's Republic of, position, 456
Soviet position, 456
Vietnam, Democratic Republic of, position, 456
dry season offensives, 337-338, 381-382, 427-428
elections, 516, 771
force levels of, 133, 157, 348
French role in Laos, 420
Geneva Conference, role in, 190-194, 197-198, 201
information ministry, control of, 837-838, 849
International Control Commission, 172n, 224
Kong Le, split with, 268, 346, 348, 398, 895, 912, 928, 935-937, 950-952
life in area controlled by, 674
military capabilities of, 103, 524-525, 578-589, 763-764, 771, 976
neutralist-rightist cooperation against, 948-949, 951
Padong battle, 239-241, 242n
Phoumi, sanctions against, 683
Plaines des Jarres, control of, 38
prisoners of war, 110, 872, 874n, 887
Southern Laos, takeover of, 586-587
Souvanna government, 268, 508, 520-521, 585, 889-891
Soviet influence on, 411, 570, 576-577, 605, 1006, 1012, 1031
Soviet military aid to, 15, 624, 743
territory, retention of, 32, 100, 890-891
tribal fighters in, 887
Vietnam, Democratic Republic of, military aid to, 4, 172n, 624, 972
Peace Preservation Commission, 179, 185
Peck, Edward, 345
Persons, Gen. Wilton B., 20n
Peterson, Avery F., 256-257, 540n, 541, 542n, 573n
Pezzulo, Lawrence, 478n
Phagna Bouasy, 508
Pham Van Dong, 876, 880
Phangna Pholithat, 643n
Pheng Norindr, 204-205, 651-652
Pheng Phongsavan, 205, 463, 671-672, 674-675, 919
- cabinet role for, 287, 391n, 514, 548, 643n, 837n, 849-850
18, 39, 216-217, 776, 874n, 887n
Phouangphet Phanareth, 651-652, 715, 837n, 850
Phoui Sananikone, 109, 113, 205, 238, 261, 503, 558n, 651-652, 759
- cabinet role for, 450, 463,
British position, 539
Geneva Conference on Laos, 1961-1962, 480, 492, 574
government of, 1958, 938
Pathet Lao, 508, 516, 687
political party, formation of, 475n, 523, 528
prime minister role for, 120, 433, 919
role in interim government, 747, 762, 765-766
- Air America, 929
army reorganization, 298, 479, 912
arrest of Kong Le officers, 912-913
arrest of Souvanna aides, 938
British view of, 613
cabinet role for, 837n, 849-850
carrot-and-stick approach to, 604, 633-634, 637-641, 643-650, 683
cease-fire, 159, 171, 174, 190, 299-302
coalition government, 120, 261, 273, 298-302, 351, 368-369, 406
elections, 875
federalism, 945-946
Phoumi Nosavan, Gen--Continued
firing of aggressive commanders, 84-85
fourteen-nation conference proposal, 91-92
French view of, 2
Geneva Conference on Laos, 1961-1962, 280, 380, 847
government of councils proposal, 622n, 634n, 635-636, 644, 647, 649-650
Harriman-Souvanna talks, 415
International Control Commission, reactivation of, 17
Kong Le, support for, 939, 991-994, 1011
Laotian army support for, 651-652
Laotian-U.S. relations, 198-199, 282
Military Assistance Advisory Group, 756-758, 900-901
military intelligence training, 296
military situation in Laos, 133, 136, 1013
- Nam Tha battle, 718-721, 723, 724n, 725, 727-729, 733, 737
neutrality of Laos, 243-244, 283-286
partition of Laos, 238, 256, 342-343, 428, 945n
Pathet Lao, 949, 981
political party formation, 879-880
prime minister role for, 920
removal from political role, 747, 749-750, 752, 756-759, 762-764, 784-785
replacement of, 750
role in interim government, 113, 765-766
sanctions against, 612-616, 618-619, 657, 681, 688-691, 694-695, 705, 711-714
- British position, 693, 697
French position, 693, 697
Thai position, 699-701
U.S. military aid, 662-663, 665-666, 675-677, 682-684, 838, 840
settlement of Laos crisis, 595-597, 605-609
Souvanna government, 463, 477, 840-841, 914-915, 919
- cabinet role in, 261, 548, 617, 1054
Defense and Interior posts, dispute over, 514-516, 518-524, 549-552, 566-567,
572, 590-595, 597, 605-608, 637-640, 650, 677-678, 707n
Thai-Laotian agreement on, 707-713, 716-717
three administrative centers proposal, 577, 587
Vice Premier role in, 533, 549n, 567, 643
talks:
- Felt, 437-438
Harriman, Luang Prabang, Apr. 1961, 158
Harriman, Vientiane, Mar. 1962, 668
Harriman, Vientiane, Sept. 1961, 421-425
Souvanna, Phnom Penh, 1961, 69n, 75-76, 82, 98
Three Princes meetings, 264-266, 313, 315-316, 492-493
- Geneva, Jan. 1962, 554n, 555, 557n, 566, 569-570, 573-574
hardening of attitude for, 323-324, 338, 438
Khang Khay, 783n, 791, 824-825, 837-838
Luang Prabang, 604, 608n
Luang Prabang, Feb. 1962, 597n, 598
Phnom Penh, July 1961, 336, 364-365
Plaines des Jarres, proposed, 501, 507, 512-513
stalling tactics, 424, 431-434, 482-484, 494, 500-501, 531-533, 568-569, 601-603
Soviet position, 584n
Vientiane, Dec. 1961, 538
U.S. military aid to Laos:
- advisers in combat roles, 130
police training and salaries, 70-71
tactical advisers, 35
troop training, 35
U.S. view of, 47, 304-305, 371-3
Viet Minh, 165, 906
Vietnam, Republic of, 394
visits:
- Burma, 781
China, Republic of, 780-781
Hanoi, 933
Manila, 782, 791
Moscow, Dec. 1962, 926, 1004
Thailand, Apr. 1962, 700
Washington, 1961, 266
Phoumi-Boun Oum revolt, 8
Phoun Sipraseuth, Gen., 643n
Poats, Rutherford M., 1049
Poland, 76, 229, 418
- Soviet view of, 1004
Prisoners of war:
- Cuba, 979, 987, 995
Korea, 44
Laos, 110, 334, 380, 435, 487, 670-671, 674n, 872, 874n, 887, 1053
Public opinion, 176, 194, 285, 354, 361, 363n, 611-612, 753, 990
Peurifoy, John E. 426, 429
Pushkin, Georgi M., 56n, 124n, 140, 239-241, 539, 611-613, 860, 861-862, 882
- Geneva Conference on Laos, 1961-1962, 191-192, 410-412, 414, 416, 435-437,
489, 510-511, 517-518, 568, 607
International Control Commission, 206-207, 241, 295, 436, 478, 480, 488, 494,
496, 526-527
Pathet Lao, 570, 575
Southeast Asia, Soviet-U.S. talks, 452-455, 458-462, 470-472
Three Princes meetings, 522, 554n, 576, 583-584, 602
Viet Minh, 868, 896n
Queneau, Francoise G., 507n, 520n, 523n, 524n, 548n, 593n, 596n, 597n, 604,
685, 848n
Quinim Pholsena, 15, 244, 480, 584n, 674-675, 824, 871, 902, 912, 950
- assassination of, 953-955, 966-967, 1000n, 1001-1002, 1050, 1055
cabinet role for, 287, 391n, 548, 592, 643n, 837n, 838, 849
Geneva Conference on Laos, 1961-1962, 861
International Control Commission, 936n
Pathet Lao, 948, 1055
political leanings of, 237, 424, 635
prime minister role for, 919
visits, Washington, July 1962, 874, 878
Rama IX, King, 9, 220
Ramsbotham, Peter E., 116, 119
Rand Corporation, 834-835
Rapacki, Adam, 1010
Ratnam, Amb., 416
Reynolds, G. Edward, 150
Rhee, Syngman, 436
Rice, Edward E., 575n, 593n, 596n, 597n, 604n, 609n, 612n, 615n, 616n, 655,
657n, 661n, 665n, 781n, 908n, 968n
- British-U.S. talks on Laos, 704
Plaines des Jarres battles, 970
Richer, M., 345
Riley, Vice Adm. Herbert D., 923
Rinden, Robert W., 306n
Robb, M.A.M., 707
Roberts, Col. Francis J., 268
Roberts, Frank, 56n, 67, 111n, 116, 124n, 135, 137n, 209, 957, 976
- Nam Tha crisis, 612n, 613, 724
Roosevelt, Franklin D., 867
Rostow, Walt W., 26, 68n, 94n, 95n, 112n, 144, 273n, 430n, 436n, 440n, 531n
- Geneva Conference on Laos, 1961-1962, 307-308, 312, 327, 353, 435
International Control Commission, 498
Laos, 55, 62-63, 71, 136-137, 258, 476, 528, 544, 878
- partition of, 354, 425-426
U.S. military aid to, 48, 137
U.S. military contingency planning for, 72, 109, 126, 259, 308-309, 359, 413
U.S. policy, 83, 142
- military contingency planning for, 321, 341-345, 363, 366, 371-374, 468-469
Vietnam, Democratic Republic of, 319n, 354
Vietnam, Republic of, 417-418, 917
Rumbold, Sir Anthony, 538
Rusk, Dean, 19n, 50n, 69n, 85n, 97n, 98n, 124n, 129n, 145n, 155n, 176n, 211n,
231, 236n, 252n, 266n, 306n, 309, 377n, 400n, 408n, 421n, 465n, 501n, 507n,
531n, 545n, 548n, 553n
- Berlin, 626
British cease-fire proposal, 105-107
British-U.S. talks, 116-118, 706-708
diplomacy vs. military action, 258
France, 844
French role in Laos, 213-214, 221
Geneva Conference on Laos, 1961-1962, 184, 907
- cease-fire supervision, 202, 208-209, 235, 249n, 678n
China, People's Republic of-U.S. talks, 253-254
instructions for U.S. delegation, 185, 187-189
seating of Laotian delegations, 190-198, 200-202
intelligence needs, 86, 88
International Control Commission, 893, 936n, 1009
Kuomintang irregulars, 63n
Laos, 89-90, 269, 584n
- British economic aid to, 895
French economic aid to, 895
Military Assistance Advisory Group, 137, 695-697, 904
neutralization of, 82, 188, 245-247, 280-282, 774
partition of, 241-242
political situation, 119-121, 770-771
tripartite talks on, 96, 345-351, 365, 368, 378, 456-457
U.N. role in, 147n
U.S. economic and military aid to, 146, 1050
U.S. military contingency planning for, 212, 1021, 1030-1031, 1041-1042
- State-Defense discussions on, 799, 801-802, 809-815, 819, 830- 832, 842-848
military action as a foundation for negotiations, 95-96
military situation in Laos, 12, 17, 626, 629-630
- Nam Tha battle, 719-720, 724, 734-735, 741, 745-746
Pathet Lao attacks on neutralists, 954-959, 976-979, 984-986, 991-994, 1012
Plaine des Jarres attack by Phoumi, 68
Pathet Lao, 171-172, 887
Philippines, 18
Phoumi, sanctions against, 694-697, 759
SEATO/U.S. military intervention:
financial costs of, 325-326
Laos, 27, 126, 148-149, 276-280
Southeast Asia, 26-27
- military contingency planning for, 370, 377, 387-388, 390-395, 397-401
Soviet-U.S. talks, 452-462, 470-472
Souvanna cabinet selection, 322-323, 402-403, 504-505, 571-573
Souvanna visits, 91-92
Soviet cease-fire proposals, 137n
Soviet-U.S. relations, 93-94, 923
Thailand, 633
- U.S. troop deployment to, 735, 758-759, 767, 771-773
United Nations, 104-105
U.S. military advisers, 146
Vietnam, Democratic Republic of, air strikes on, 814
Vietnam, Republic of, 631, 708, 773
Russell, Richard, 629-630, 632, 771, 773
Ryan, Jack, 540-541
Ryan Plan, 540-541
Salans, Carl F., 309n
Salinger, Pierre, 706
Saltonstall, Leverett, 626-627, 630-631, 773-774
Samuel, A.C.I., 119, 538
Santiphab, 966
Sarit Thanarat, Field Marshal, 407, 415, 985-988
- Laos:
- partition of, 342-343
Thai military intervention in, 5, 131, 134, 367, 371-374, 376, 428
Thailand, relations with, 427
United States, relations with, 413n, 414, 707n
U.S. military contingency planning for, 164, 403, 1031, 1033-1034
792
Southeast Asia Treaty Organization, 5, 863
Souvanna government, 434, 607n, 646-647, 668, 846, 848, 850, 872, 877, 881, 914
- cabinet selection, 593-595, 597, 605, 607-608, 838
Thai-Laotian agreement on, 707-712, 714n, 716-717
troika proposal, 667, 709
U.S. support of, 728n
Thailand, 388-389, 405, 411, 427
- defense of, 96, 107, 651n, 791
U.S. troop deployment to, 95, 759, 771, 894
- abdication of, 421n, 433
coalition government, 117-118, 180, 200, 203
- appointment of provisional government, 261, 5
government of councils proposal, 622n, 634n, 635-636
government of technicians proposal, 81-82
- partition of, 237-238
political situation, 174, 605, 702-703
Luang Prabang as Royal seat, 96, 175, 198, 339
neutral nations commission proposal, 49, 55n, 56-58, 67, 97-98
Pathet Lao, 667n, 957, 964
Phoumi, U.S. disagreements with, 557n, 563, 597-598
political role for, 265, 280, 282, 336, 352, 558n, 938-940
- prime ministership, 81-82, 109, 112-113, 257, 298, 300, 324
Sihanouk Commission, 34, 37
Souvanna government, 607, 614, 639, 669, 679, 941-942
- mandate for formation of, 709, 825, 838
Soviet view of, 66
Three Princes meetings, Geneva, proposed, 584n
U.S. military advisers in combat roles, 130
U.S. support for, 142, 155, 177
Viet Minh, 165, 937
visits:
- China, People's Republic of, Mar. 1963, 936n, 940-941
Moscow, Feb. 1963, 936-937, 1004
Poland, Mar. 1963, 936n
United States, Feb. 1963, 926
Vietnam, Democratic Republic of, Mar. 1963, 936n
Washington, Feb. 1963, 936-944
Scorucov (USSR), 634n, 636
Scott, Joseph W., 263, 654
Seaborg, Glenn, 722n
SEATO Plan 5. See U.S. military contingency planning under Southeast Asia.
Secretary of Defense's Conference, Fourth, Mar. 1962, 658n
Semenov, Nikolai N., 454
Sen, A.K., 224, 433, 502
Senate, U.S., 630, 768
Seno base, 12, 50, 74, 163, 223, 288, 348-349, 354n, 527
Serbia, 944
Shepard, Capt. Tazewell T., Jr., 932
Sheppard, William J., 26n
Shoup, Gen. David M., 42, 150, 153, 170
Shuckburgh, Evelyn, 245, 538, 707
Sides, Adm., 658
Sihanouk, Prince Norodom, 34, 67, 81, 153, 222, 257, 572n, 695, 779, 881
- communism, 82, 834
French view of, 218, 220
Geneva Conference on Laos, 1961-1962, 197, 329n
Geneva-type conference proposals, 11n, 24, 33, 97
Harriman talks, 158, 174
Siho, Col. Lamphouthacoul, 139, 652, 781, 920
Sing Rathanamay, Gen., 204
Singh, Avtar, 780, 931
Sinkapo, Gen., 671-672, 674, 981
Sirikit, Queen, 9
Sisouk Na Champassak, 205, 246, 273, 283, 508, 606, 651-652, 668, 710, 784
Sisoumang, Tiao, 391n, 635, 671, 837n, 849
Sissamang Sisalemqak, 287, 391n
Sithone Kommandom, 887
Slater, Warren, 704n
Smart, Col., 668
Smathers, George, 629
Smirnovsky, Mikhail N., 435, 436n, 584, 601-603
Smith, Bromley, 493n, 670n, 704n, 965, 980, 995, 1019n
Smith, Horace H., 73
Somsanith, 265, 287-288, 507-508, 651-652
Sopsaisana, 421-422, 480
Sorensen, Theodore C., 94n, 95n, 170
Souk Vongsak, 532, 837n
Soukhan Vilaysarn, 463, 548, 638, 879
Soulivanh Singhavara, Col, 980
Souphanouvong, Prince (see also Three Princes meetings), 146, 250n, 278n, 508,
534, 582, 670, 678-679, 900-901, 1050
- Air America, 922-923, 929
coup threat, 847
Geneva Accords, 1962, 906
Indian view of, 434
Laos:
- French role in, 420
partition of, 945n
political situation, 113, 120, 338, 432n, 635-636, 644
elections, 516, 872-873
U.S. economic and military aid to, 263, 672-673
military situation in Laos, 318, 896n
- Nam Tha, capture of, 720, 724, 733, 737-738, 780
Pathet Lao attacks on neutralists, 955, 962
prime minister role for, 263
Souvanna government, 549n, 577, 587, 639, 643, 918
- cabinet role in, 288, 392, 548, 837n, 838, 1054
cabinet selection, 463, 477, 591, 634n, 636-637
- Defense and Interior posts, conflict over, 520, 546, 687
- Khang Khay, June 1962, 791, 824, 837-838
Luang Prabang, Feb. 1962, 598, 602, 604, 606
Phnom Penh, July 1961, 336, 338, 365
Vientiane, Dec. 1961, 522, 534n, 538, 550
Southeast Asia:
- British position, 26-28, 373-374, 381
China, People's Republic of, role in, 219-220
communist infiltration into, 426
Craig mission, 417-418, 426-429
defense of, 26-28
domino theory, 19-21, 151-152, 168, 760, 994n
French position, 26-28, 75, 219-220
Koreans, use in aid programs in, 773
military contingency planning for, 162, 308-309, 341-345, 366-368, 370, 381-390, 388-390, 393-400, 429-431, 465-470
- Australian role in, 373-374
British-U.S. talks, 171, 343
Laotian role in, 374
New Zealand role in, 373-374
Pakistani role in, 373
Philippine role in, 373-374
Soviet position, 308
Thai role in, 374
Vietnam, Republic of, role in, 374
military vs. political alternatives for, 446-449
political situation, 440-442
SEATO role in, 216-217
Soviet-U.S. talks, 452-462, 470-472
U.S. military capabilities in, 7
U.S. policy, 71, 314, 316, 318-322
Vietnam, Democratic Republic of, objectives toward, 1023
war in, possible size of, 431
Southeast Asia Treaty Organization (SEATO) (see also Southeast Asia Treaty
Organization and SEATO subheadings under other subjects), 3-4, 10, 52, 54, 120-121, 203, 543, 1026
- Australian position, 28, 52, 79, 107
Commonwealth role in, 818-819
Council meetings, 389
- Bangkok, Mar. 1961, 101, 103, 105n, 107-108, 152n
Bangkok, Sept. 1961, 434
special, Jan. 2, 1961, 1-2
French role in, 221
inaction, consequences of, 28, 30-31
intelligence gathering by, 36
Laos, role in, 19-22, 41, 79, 107-108
- British position, 21, 79
China, People's Republic of, position, 471
communist position, 312-313
French position, 21, 79, 101-103
Indian proposal, 478
JCS position, 14
Laotian renunciation of, 853, 855
Soviet position, 471-472
U.N. position, 3
military contingency planning, 182, 407, 468, 803
military exercises as cover for troop buildup, 884-886, 976
Nam Tha battle, 733, 744
New Zealand position, 28, 79
Pakistani position, 25, 107
Philippine position, 25, 107-108, 818
Plan 5, see Southeast Asia Treaty Organization/U.S. military intervention
Thai position, 25, 107-108, 221, 268
Thailand, 37, 853
Vietnam, Republic of, position, 268
- China, People's Republic of, position, 163
financial costs of, 325-326, 386
Gulf of Tonkin, 977-978, 986, 993-995
Laos, 2, 31-32, 59-61, 785-787, 807, 809-810
- Australian role in, 388, 393, 804
bombing missions, 4, 87, 126
British position, 132-133, 323
British role in, 126, 804
China, People's Republic of, response to, 500, 502, 812
French position, 5
ground forces, 751-752
helicopters, use of, 122
Laotian request for, 99, 160
logistics for, 430-431, 562, 826
Malayan role in, 154
napalm, use of, 47
New Zealand role in, 154, 388
Pakistani role in, 154, 388, 804
Philippine role in, 126, 388
postponement of, 413-414, 416
Thai role in, 126, 388
unilateral U.S. action in, 25n, 27
U.S. position, 276-280
Vietnam, Democratic Republic of, response to, 388, 805-806, 808, 836, 869 - 870
Southeast Asia:
- China, People's Republic of, response to, 531
financial costs of, 325-326
time-scale of involvement in, 163, 168
Thailand, see U.S. troop deployment to under Thailand
U.S. domestic political concerns, 741-742, 750
U.S. opposition to, 685-687
Vietnam, Democratic Republic of, 340, 342, 869 - 870
- air attacks on, 318, 342, 396, 800, 814, 817, 820-822, 830, 1000, 1020-1022,
1030-1032
China, People's Republic of, response to, 319, 814, 830
naval blockade of, 342
seizure of major cities in, possible, 319-321
Soviet position, 61
- SEATO border patrol, 444, 447-448
Soutou (France), 538
Souvanna government, 311-312, 848, 875, 1046
- arrest of Kong Le officers, 912, 913
Australian position, 269, 637
British position, 268-269, 450, 504-505, 637, 917n
cabinet selection, 313, 391n, 400-403, 416, 450, 455, 474, 476-479, 504-506,
591-592, 679
- agreement on, 837-838, 848-849
Defense and Interior posts, dispute over, 514-516, 518-524, 546-553, 566-568,
582, 585, 589-595, 597-598, 603, 637-640
Laotian position, 707n
NLHX posts, 592, 593n
troika proposal, 667, 671, 677-680, 693, 697, 709-710, 712n, 717
U.S. position, 323, 338, 420, 422, 454-455, 520-522, 571-573, 577, 637, 668-669
French position, 268-269, 274, 637, 844
French support of, 679, 978, 984, 986, 989
instability of, 916-917, 990-991
neutralist composition of, U.S. proposal for, 223, 237
New Zealand position, 269
overthrow of, 941-942
Pathet Lao position, 268, 889-891, 927
Pathet Lao role in, 585, 686-687
Phoumi role in, 308, 514, 633-634, 637n, 653-656, 914-915
- Thai position, 683-684, 689-690, 692-694
Royal mandate for, revoking of, 692-693, 696-697, 699-703
Soviet position, 411, 455, 474, 506, 690-691, 916-917
Soviet-U.S. talks, 997-998
strengthening of, 474-476, 498-499, 528-530
- Defense-State differences on, 544-545
three administrative centers proposal, 577
- Thai position, 587
U.S. military aid to, 851-852, 865-866
U.S. support of, 271, 584-585, 639, 640-642, 1024-1027
- Burmese position, 679
China, Republic of, position, 679
Japanese position, 679
Korea, Republic of, position, 679
Vietnam, Republic of, position, 679
Vietnam, Democratic Republic of, position, 690-691
- French position, 38
Indian position, 6
Soviet position, 64, 232
Soviet recognition of, 15, 23
U.S. liaison with, 483-484, 501
U.S. position, 52n, 180
- Air America, 922, 924, 929
arrest of aides of, 938
British view of, 46, 285
cabinet role for, 187, 837n
cabinet selection, agreement on, 837-838
Cambodian support for, 257
cease-fire, 146, 159, 190, 575n, 677, 683, 693, 697
Central Intelligence Agency, 879
coalition government, role in, 88-90, 113, 117-118, 120, 155n, 156
- Soviet position, 458
Thai position, 397
U.S. position, 384, 432 - 433
Vietnam, Republic of, position, 397
direct U.S. negotiations with, 614-617, 620-621
elections, 246, 352
federalism, 945-946
fourteen-nation conference proposal, 90n, 91-93
French role in Laos, 247, 262, 420
French support for, 46, 216, 219-220, 285, 477, 521, 978
Geneva Accords, 1962:
- compliance with, 902
Viet Minh withdrawal under, Soviet-U.S. cooperation, 933-934, 939
government of councils proposal, 635-636, 644
illnesses of, 313, 717
Indian view of, 434
International Control Commission, 352, 900, 1003
Kong Le troops, 991-994, 1012
Laos:
- neutrality of, 243-244, 284-286
U.S. economic aid to, 851, 913
U.S. military aid to, Kong Le forces, supply of, 915, 928-929, 932-933, 939, 1016-1017
Meo troops, 420, 929-930
military situation in Laos:
- Nam Tha battle, 718, 720, 722, 724, 727, 732-733, 737, 740, 743
Pathet Lao attacks on neutralists, 955, 957, 959-960, 962, 966-967, 972
neutralist party, 463, 528
overthrow by Phoumi, 8
Pathet Lao, 222, 238, 419, 634, 646, 675-676, 764, 887, 892-893, 935-936
Phoumi, sanctions against, 582, 683
police training, 540-541
political base of, 927-929
political leanings of, 627, 649n, 849
prime minister role for, 261, 268, 287-288, 298-299
resignation of, 752, 918-921, 1056
- British position, 918
Soviet Union, 244, 250-251
talks:
- Harriman, 302, 397, 403, 406
- Bangkok, May 1961, 158
New Delhi, 1961, 97n
Phnom Penh, 1961, 174
Rangoon, Sept. 1961, 403, 406-407, 411n, 413, 415-416, 419-422
Phoumi, Phnom Penh, 1961, 69n, 75-76, 82, 98
Thailand, U.S. troop deployment to, 872
Three Princes meetings, 141, 264-266, 483-484, 492, 501, 507, 513, 534, 604, 819
- Geneva, Jan. 1962, 590n, 591
Khang Khay, June 1962, 791, 824-825, 837-839
Luang Prabang, Feb. 1962, 593, 598
Phnom Penh, July 1961, 336, 338, 365-365
Vientiane, Dec. 1961, 512n, 513, 522-523, 538-539
U.S. intelligence briefings for, 881, 895-896
U.S. support for, 983-986, 989, 1032, 1043n
U.S. view of, 175-176, 215-217, 250
Viet Cong, 349-350
Vietnam, Democratic Republic of, 867-868
Vietnam, Republic of, 112, 497
visits:
- Czechoslovakia, 111
Moscow, 111, 1004
New Delhi, 1961, 92-93, 96-97
Paris, Apr.-June 1962, 678-679, 717, 847
Paris and London, 1961, 77, 92-93, 111
Poland, Mar. 1963, 936n
United Kingdom, 707
Vietnam, Democratic Republic of, Mar. 1963, 936n
Washington, 1961, proposed, 91-93, 118, 131
Washington, July 1962, 670, 674-675, 678, 872n, 874-881, 884
Washington, Feb. 1963, 936-939, 944
Washington, Sept. 1963, 1051-1054
Yugoslavia, 111
- China, People's Republic of, relations with, 220, 269, 318, 409n, 679, 941, 943-944, 983, 1006
- Yugoslav position, 994
Korea, Republic of, 812
military capabilities of, 39
Nam Tha battle, 717-718, 720-730, 726, 732-734, 736-739
United Kingdom, relations with, 1002
United States, relations with, 93n, 1003
Special National Intelligence Estimates:
- SNIE 68-2-60, 13
SNIE 13-3-61, 531
SNIE 53-3-61, 536
SNIE 58-61, 59-61
SNIE 58-2-61, 317, 319
SNIE 58 - 3 - 61, 728n
SNIE 58-62, 578-579, 610
SNIE 58-1-62, 610, 623
SNIE 58-3-62, 726-729
SNIE 58-4-62, 769
SNIE 58-5-62, 785-787, 800, 805, 808, 817, 828, 835
SNIE 58-6-62, 902
SNIE 58-63, 1022, 1033
Staley Report, 308, 316, 326
Stalin, Joseph, 1004
Steeves, John M., 50n, 67n, 85n, 88, 91n, 124n, 129n, 132n, 176n, 304n, 306n,
309n, 337n, 456n, 512n, 520n, 531n, 534n, 540n
- British-U.S. talks, 116-118
China, People's Republic of-U.S. relations, 253-254
Geneva Conference on Laos, 1961-1962, 289n, 312-315, 485-486
International Control Commission, 324
Laos, 72, 75
- U.S. military contingency planning for, 358, 414-415
U.S. policy, 142, 150-152, 154
- British position, 137-138
Padong battle, 239
- military contingency planning for, 308, 322-323, 366, 368, 377, 390-392, 397-399
U.S. policy, 314, 316, 318-322
Stevenson, Adlai E., 143, 164
Stoessel, Walter J., Jr., 9n
Subic Bay, 977-979, 987-989
Sukhodrev, Viktor, 225, 231, 454, 1000
Sullivan, William H., 345, 543-544, 651, 668, 696n, 709, 755n, 779n, 781n, 787n, 794n, 832n, 1010n
- Laos, 670-675, 677, 775, 886, 911
- U.S. contingency planning for, 799, 809, 842
Phoumi, U.S disagreements with, 663, 675-677, 688
prisoners of war, 670-671, 674n
Souvanna government, 653-654, 662, 667, 692-693
Thailand, 911
Three Princes meetings, 554n, 576n, 584n, 602
Viet Minh, 896n
Vietnam, Democratic Republic of, 867
Sweden, 470
Sweeney, Joseph, 706
Swezey, Anthony C., 584n, 717n
Swihart, James W., 119
Sylvester, Arthur, 658
Szulc, Tad, 993
Taiwan Strait, 319, 891
Taylor, Gen. Maxwell D., 144, 329n, 370n, 418n, 443n, 481n, 563-564, 711n, 911n
- Cambodia, 778
Geneva Accords, 1962, 862, 902
Geneva Conference on Laos, 1961-1962, 353
Laos, 560, 571, 677, 716, 1041
- partition of, 324, 337, 354, 425
strengthening of army of, 777-778, 788
U.S. military contingency planning for, 324, 337, 358-360, 790-791
- Defense-State discussions on, 618-620, 809, 810n, 811-814, 830, 842, 846
military situation in Laos, 426, 525, 770, 921, 971
- Nam Tha battle, 722-723, 729, 734, 745, 921
- Laos, 163, 169, 413
Vietnam, Democratic Republic of, 977
- military contingency planning for, 320-321, 363, 366-368, 375-376, 381-386,
387n, 394, 429-431, 465-466, 468
war in, possible size of, 431
- defense of, 788
U.S. troop deployment to, 758-759, 767, 777, 985-987
Vietnam, Republic of, military missions to, 317, 326, 445, 485
39, 71, 76, 95, 110, 179, 437, 467, 475n
- China, People's Republic of, policy, 950
communist threat to, 405, 581, 631, 633, 732, 753-754, 834, 839
defense of, 107, 152-153, 259, 651n, 788, 791, 800, 811-812, 818
France, relations with, 75, 219
Laos:
- communist victory in , effect of, 216, 760
partition of, three-way split proposal, 238
Phoumi, replacement of, 750
relations with, 262
Thai paratroops in, 4-5, 13, 28
traditional enmity with, 877-879, 881
U.S. planning for fall of, 164, 168
Preah Vihear temple, 861
security treaty with the United States, 448
Southeast Asia Treaty Organization, 5, 161, 386, 388-390
troop strength of, 31
United States, relations with, 308, 597n
U.S. economic aid to, 141-142, 326, 733
U.S. military aid to, 115, 141-142, 388-389, 448, 773, 883, 894
U.S. military contingency planning for, 316, 425-426, 798
U.S. policy, 339
U.S. troop deployment to, 31, 46-47, 730, 733, 744, 747, 750, 754-755, 901, 903-904, 993
- air units, 973n, 975, 977-979, 999
Australian position, 766
British position, 95, 766, 768, 772
French position, 766, 768, 772
logistics, 845-847
missions for U.S. forces, 777
naval units, 49, 730, 733, 735, 745-746
Pakistani position, 772
SEATO role in, 758-759, 767n, 771-772, 775
Thai approval for, 34, 759
- Geneva Conference on Laos, 1961-1962, 198, 405, 713n, 717
Souvanna government, 667, 838n, 848n, 850, 958
- Thai-Laotian agreement on, 709-711, 712n, 713n, 714n, 716
Thee, Marek, 1053
Thiep, 967, 969
Thompson, Llewellyn E., 15, 42, 231, 241n, 242n, 412n, 603n, 833n, 990n, 997n, 1001n
- Berlin, 626
Geneva Conference on Laos, 1961-1962, 110-111, 124, 252
Germany, 402
Malaya, 426
Nam Tha battle, 611-612, 720, 724, 734, 748
neutralization of Laos, 55, 75, 80-82, 86
Pathet Lao attacks on neutralists, 973, 975, 977-979, 1012-1013
Soviet Union, political situation, 985, 987
Soviet-U.S. relations, 455, 923
U.S. policy on Laos, 145-146
Vietnam, Republic of, 708
Thongsing Phabmixay, 651-652
Three Princes Communiqu[, 256 - 257, 267
Three Princes meetings, 195, 205, 313, 483-484, 489-493, 496, 787
- Ban Hin Heup, Oct. 1961, 424, 441, 450, 452, 454, 463, 466, 547, 550
British position, 502-505, 670n, 782
Delhi, proposed, 539n
French position, 782
Geneva, Jan. 1962, 539, 554n, 555-557, 560-561, 566, 569-575, 576n, 584, 588-592, 611-612
- Soviet position, 583
Luang Prabang, Feb. 1962, 593, 597n, 598, 601-602, 604, 608n, 621, 670n
Phnom Penh, July 1961, 336, 338, 364-365
Phoumi attitude toward, 238, 323-324, 338, 424, 431-434, 482-484, 502-505
- Australian position, 502-503
Rangoon, proposed, 539n
U.S. position, 315-316, 389, 482-484, 514-516, 665
Vientiane, Dec. 1961, 513n, 520, 522-524, 534, 546-549, 563
Zurich, June 1961, 250, 256-258, 264-268, 274, 282, 300, 550
Tiao Somsanith. See Somsanith, Tiao.
Tobler, John H., 299
Tonkin, Gulf of, 977-978, 986
Touby Lyfoung, 651-652, 880
Toumayan, Alex G., 940, 1052
Trapnell, Lt. Gen. T.J.H., 102, 104, 121-123
Treasury, U.S. Department of, 368
Trevelyan, Sir Humphrey, 962
Trimble, William C., 76, 288
Truman, Harry S, 489n
Tucker, Gen. Reuben H., 679, 763, 770, 783-784, 792, 797, 813n, 832, 873
Turkey, 216
Tyler, William R., 706, 745, 1009
U-2 flights:
- China, People's Republic of, 993, 999
Cuba, 975, 978-979, 987
Vietnam, Democratic Republic of, 993, 999
Unconventional warfare (see also Covert operations), 122-123, 428
Ung Van Kiem, 867-870
Unger, Leonard S., 129, 131n, 185n, 883, 902, 923, 926, 943, 1002
- China, People's Republic of, 940
Laos, 936, 945n, 1014n, 1032
- U.S. economic aid to, 8
U.S. military aid to, 922, 929, 932-933, 939, 981, 1012
Souvanna government, 648-650, 914-915, 916n, 922, 984, 986, 989
subjects), 76, 110, 160, 164, 325
- Soviet Union, relations with, 1002
United States, relations with, 34, 40, 43, 45-46, 99, 268
- General Assembly, 160, 804, 823
Security Council, 147n, 156, 160, 164, 803-804, 823
Vietnam conflict, 325, 444
U.S. Information Agency (USIA), 368
Usher, Richard E., 70n, 85n, 91n, 98n, 176n, 208n, 211n, 241n, 304n, 306n, 309n, 337n, 540n, 542n, 568n, 575n
- Geneva Conference on Laos, 1961-1962, 327-328, 377, 379
Three Princes meetings, 313
tripartite talks on Laos, 345
Vang Pao, Col., 239, 508, 558n, 980, 981
Viet Cong, 323, 349-350, 405, 441-442, 448, 515, 628, 835
Viet Minh (see also Viet Minh subheadings under other subjects; Vietnam, Democratic
Republic of), 599, 625, 1050
- force levels of, 600, 610
Kong Le forces fear of, 980
Laotian army view of, 599, 625
Phoumi, sanctions against, 683
troop levels, 610, 623-626
withdrawal from Laos, 864, 875-876, 880, 896-901, 937
of subheadings under other subjects), 76, 172n, 288, 976-977
- China, People's Republic of, relations with, 219-220, 752
covert activities against, 448, 1020
France, relations with, 220
Lao Dong party, 310
Laos, relations with, 288, 863
military capabilities of, 31, 39, 183
Soviet influence on, 411, 1006
U-2 flights over, 993, 999
U.S. military intervention in, 796, 811, 822, 844
- China, People's Republic of, response to, 822
Vietnam, Republic of, conflict with, 180, 437
- Australian military intervention in, 631
border control, 404-405, 444, 447-448
British-U.S. talks, 708
Cambodia, relations with, 180, 405
communist threat to, 834-835, 839
congressional briefing on, 625-626, 628-633
counterinsurgency effort in, 116, 632-633
defense of, 259, 443, 800, 811-812, 846
France, relations with, 216, 219-220
Geneva Conference, 1954, 225n
Geneva Conference on Laos, 1961-1962, 179
international conference on, 695
Laos:
- communist victory in, effect of, 216, 760-761
neutralization of, 115
partition of, 238
Phoumi, U.S. sanctions against, 572n, 582
relations with, 394
Souvanna government, 475n
U.S. planning for fall of, 164, 168
Military Assistance Advisory Group, 317, 773
military capabilities of, 39, 525
military contingency planning for, 316, 425-426
military situation, 441-444
National Front movement, 882
political situation, 217, 441
security treaty with the United States, 448
Soviet policy, 216
U.S. counterinsurgency forces in, 632-633
U.S. economic aid to, 141-142, 733, 931
U.S. military aid to, 115, 141-142, 216, 448, 686, 818, 869
U.S. military intervention in, 481-482, 631-632, 796
Viet Minh infiltration via Laos, 417-418, 436, 439, 444, 457, 473-474, 950
- Laotian position, 497
Soviet position, 471, 497
U.S. position, 619
Vongvichit. See Phoumi Vongvichit.
Vu Van Mau, 293
Wallop, Gen., 605n, 657n, 664, 667, 701, 710
Wang Ping-nan, 254, 289, 303
Warner (UK), 120, 585n
Wattay airfield, 354n
Wehrle, Roy, 886
Wheeler, Lt. Gen. Earle G., 273n
White, John P., 119, 176n
White, Lincoln, 956
White, Gen. Thomas D., 42-44, 167n, 169-170
Wiesner, Jerome, 722n
Wiggin, Charles, 119
Wiley, Alexander, 771-772
Williams, Haydn, 109-110, 429n, 446-449
- Geneva Conference on Laos, 1961-1962, 486
Wood, Col., 72, 74, 84-85, 430n, 715
World Court. See International Court of Justice.
Wright, John, 245
Wright, William M., 848n
Yao tribe, 1058
Young, Kenneth T., 155n, 176n, 239n, 301, 403-406, 725
- Geneva Conference on Laos, 1961-1962, 713n
Laos:
- French role in, 221n
partition of, 425
political situation, 914
Thai military advisers in, 428
United States, relations with, 698-699
U.S. policy, 150
Phoumi, U.S. disagreements with, 605n, 606, 663, 675n, 699-701, 714, 784
Souvanna government, 593n, 667, 838
Laotian-Thai agreement on, 712, 716-717
Thailand, 326, 597n, 735, 759, 882
Zinchuk, Alexander, 1012
Zuckert, Eugene M., 144, 170
Zulueta, Philip F. de, 116, 707
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