CHAPTER 22 INDEXING PRINCIPLES FOR CATEGORY B
(ORGANISMS)
Category B is a collection of MeSH terms largely for those animals,
organisms and plants of medical importance. Covered are many vertebrates,
invertebrates, bacteria, viruses, algae, fungi, and plants and archaea.
Living organisms can be grouped into three domains - Archaea, Bacteria,
and Eukarya. Prior to 1998, the Archaea, which were called Archaeobacteria,
were grouped under the bacteria. Now they are considered a separate domain of
life. In 1998, they were removed from the Bacteria tree (B3) and placed in a
new tree - Archaea (B7). The Eukarya occupy categories B1, B2, B5 and B6. The
viruses are in category B4.
22.1 The following subheadings are assigned to Category B; however many
of the subheadings are permitted only with certain subcategories of Category B
organisms.
/abnormalities
/anatomy & histology
/blood
/cerebrospinal fluid
/chemistry
/classification
/cytology
/drug effects
/embryology
/enzymology
/genetics
/growth & development
/immunology
/injuries
/isolation & purification
/metabolism
/microbiology
/parasitology
/pathogenicity
/physiology
/psychology
/radiation effects
/surgery
/ultrastructure
/urine
/virology
22.2 The following is a breakdown of permissible subheadings by tree:
B1 - Invertebrates
/anatomy & histology
/chemistry
/classification
/cytology
/drug effects
/embryology
/enzymology
/genetics
/growth & development
/immunology
/isolation & purification
/metabolism
/microbiology
/parasitology
/pathogenicity
/physiology
/radiation effects
/ultrastructure
/virology
B2 - Vertebrates
/abnormalities
/anatomy & histology
/blood
/cerebrospinal fluid
/classification
/embryology
/genetics
/growth & development
/immunology
/injuries
/metabolism
/microbiology
/parasitology
/physiology
/psychology (mammals only)
/surgery
/urine
/virology
B3 - Bacteria
/chemistry
/classification
/cytology
/drug effects
/enzymology
/genetics
/growth & development
/isolation & purification
/metabolism
/pathogenicity
/physiology
/radiation effects
/ultrastructure
/virology
B4 - Viruses
Same subheadings as B3 except /cytology and /virology are not permitted
B5 - Fungi
Same subheadings as B3
B6 - Plants
/anatomy & histology
/chemistry
/classification
/cytology
/drug effects
/embryology
/enzymology
/genetics
/growth & development
/immunology
/metabolism
/microbiology
/parasitology
/physiology
/radiation effects
/ultrastructure
/virology
B7 - Archaea
Same subheadings as B3
22.3 Index the structure of microorganisms, with the exception of
viruses, under the name of the organism with the subheading /cytology (IM).
/ultrastructure is available for the structure of subcellular elements.
22.3.1 Index the structure of viruses with the subheading /ultrastructure.
22.4 Index the taxonomy of organisms under the Category B term with the
subheading /classification.
22.5 Index the life cycle or life history of a lower organism under the
name of the organism with the subheading /growth and development.
METAMORPHOSIS, BIOLOGICAL is available as a coordinate for organisms undergoing
this process, for example, insects and frogs. Since it is usually the point of
the article, it is usually made IM.
22.6 Index the chemistry or the chemical composition of an organism or
any aspect of its chemical structure under the name of the organism with the
subheading /chemistry (IM) and the specific chemical component with the
appropriate subheading, usually /anal (IM).
Characterization of pneumococcal glycolipids.
PNEUMOCOCCUS / *chem
GLYCOLIPIDS /*anal
If a cytological structure of an organism is being specifically discussed, this
may be indexed also with /chemistry, but this combination will probably be
(NIM).
Glycine composition of the staphylococcal cell wall.
STAPHYLOCOCCUS /*chem /ultrastruct
GLYCINE / * anal
CELL WALL /chem
The subheading /chemistry is not permitted with Category B2 (Vertebrates)
because the point of a study would be the chemistry of an organ in an animal
rather than the chemistry of the entire animal (see 21.18).
The content of sodium in the liver of the dog.
*DOGS
SODIUM / * anal
LIVER / * chem
ANIMAL (check tag)
22.7 Index the effect of a drug on an organism under the name of the
organism with the subheading /drug effects (IM) and the name of the drug with
the subheading /pharmacology (IM). Also index the specific aspect of the
organism such as its structure, physiology, or metabolism affected by the drug,
probably NIM.
Effect of streptomycin on Escherichia coli.
STREPTOMYCIN / * pharmacol
ESCHERICHIA COLI / * drug eff
Effect of streptomycin on the metabolism of ribosomal proteins in Escherichia
coli.
STREPTOMYCIN / * pharmacol
ESCHERICHIA COLI / * drug eff / metab
RIBOSOMAL PROTEINS / * metab
BACTERIAL PROTEINS / * metab
22.7.1 The subheading /drug effects is not permitted with Category B2
terms. As with /chemistry, the effect of the drug is on a particular organ of
the animal rather than on the whole animal.
Effect of potassium on the dog heart.
POTASSIUM / * pharmacol
HEART / * drug eff
*DOGS
ANIMAL (check tag)
22.8 Index the effect of radiation on organisms under the name of the
organism with the subheading /radiation effects (IM) and add the specific
radiation if given (IM). Do not, however; add RADIATION, IONIZING or RADIATION,
NON-IONIZING, or X-RAYS; see section 19.8.60.
Effect of ultraviolet light on DNA synthesis in Escherichia coli.
ESCHERICHIA COLI / * rad eff / genet
DNA, BACTERIAL / * rad eff / biosyn
*ULTRAVIOLET RAYS
22.9 The subheading /microbiology is used in studies with bacteria,
viruses, and fungi or archaea. The subheading /parasitology is used in studies
with Category B1 organisms, the invertebrates.
A study of microorganisms in the lung.
LUNG / *microbiol
Arthropod parasites of domestic animals.
*ARTHROPODS
ANIMALS, DOMESTIC / * parasitol
ANIMAL (check tag)
22.10 The subheading /isolation & purification is used when a
microorganism, protozoan, or helminth is isolated, or when its presence is
demonstrated by immunologic or genetic techniques (see sections 19.8.41, 19.10.3
and 19.10.6).
Demonstration of bronchial Aerobacter.
BRONCHI / * microbiol
AEROBACTER / * isol
Demonstration of Cryptosporidium in the liver.
CRYPTOSPORIDIUM / * isol
LIVER / * parasitol
ANIMAL (check tag)
Detection of HIV-1 in the lung by analysis of its DNA.
HIV-1 / * isol
LUNG / * virol
DNA, VIRAL / * anal
(HIV-1 / genet may be added if the DNA is discussed in addition to just
discussing the presence of the virus.)
22.11 Do not equate the presence of a microbe or parasite in an organ or
tissue with infection. A study may be about the presence of an organism in an
organ, or its isolation from an organ, without being about a disease caused by
that organism. Index an infection term only when the author indicates an
infection.
Isolation of Staphylococcus from human skin.
SKIN / * microbiol
STAPHYLOCOCCUS / * isol
HUMAN (check tag)
(Not STAPHYLOCOCCAL INFECTIONS and SKIN DISEASES, BACTERIAL)
22.11.1 Infected cell lines or cultured cells are frequently used in
preclinical research to study various aspects of a microbe or parasite. Index
these infected cells under the organism with an appropriate subheading and the
specific cell with /microbiology, /parasitology or / virology and not under an
infection term.
Latent infection of 3T3 cells with herpes simplex virus.
3T3 cells
HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS / * physiol
ANIMAL (check tag)
MICE (check tag)
Infection of cultured macrophages by Trypanosoma cruzi.
CELLS, CULTURED
MACROPHAGES / *parasitol
TRYPANOSOMA CRUZI / * physiol
ANIMAL (check tag)
Occasionally an infected cell line or cultured cell may be studied as a model
for a disease. In this case, index the appropriate infection term.
Viral growth in a human cell line model of hepatitis B.
HEPATITIS B VIRUS / * growth
HEPATITIS B / * virol
CELL LINE
HUMAN (check tag)
22.12 Many infections or infestations exist in MeSH as main headings.
There are so many that the infection terms are divided into Categories C1
(bacterial and fungal infections), C2 (viral infections) and C3 (parasitic
diseases). See sections 23.12 to 23.13.2.
Infections frequently appear in the literature in a disguised form that may
present a problem for the indexer.
For example, Rickettsia tsutsugamushi infection = SCRUB TYPHUS, Bordetella
pertussis infection = WHOOPING COUGH, Plasmodium infection = MALARIA, etc.
MeSH contains many such equations as entry terms. In addition, under the
organism heading, MeSH is annotated with the heading to be used for an infection
caused by that organism. Always check MeSH before indexing an organism-
infection concept as outlined in the following sections.
22.13 Index an infection with the most specific MeSH term. If an organism
is the cause of a disease, always index the disease term if it is a MeSH
heading.
Index streptococcal infections as STREPTOCOCCAL INFECTIONS, not as STREPTOCOCCUS
+ INFECTION nor as STREPTOCOCCUS + BACTERIAL INFECTIONS.
22.14 In diseases attributable to a single organism by definition, whether
the MeSH term is a genus or genus-species heading, index only the name of the
disease and not the organism unless the organism is substantively discussed.
Index TUBERCULOSIS but not MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS, since MeSH is annotated
at the organism that "infection = TUBERCULOSIS".
If, however, both the disease and the organism are discussed, both should be
indexed.
22.15 When indexing an organism-infection heading, if the article names a
specific species for which there is also a MeSH heading, index both the disease
(IM) and the specific genus-species term (IM).
Streptococcus pyogenes infections.
*STREPTOCOCCAL INFECTIONS
*STREPTOCOCCUS PYOGENES
22.16 If an organism causes an infection which does not exist in MeSH as a
"disguised" disease (see 22.12) or as a pre-coordinated organism-infection
heading, index the name of the organism (IM) and the pre-coordinated disease
from Category C1, C2, or C3 which corresponds to the next more general group to
which the organism belongs.
MeSH does not have the term "Capillaria infections" but CAPILLARIA can be found
in Category B1 under TRICHUROIDEA. There is no MeSH term for "Trichuroidea
infections," but TRICHUROIDEA is indented under ENOPLIDA, for which there is the
pre-coordinated disease term ENOPLIDA INFECTIONS.
Capillaria Infection.
*ENOPLIDA INFECTIONS
*CAPILLARIA
ANIMAL (check tag)
The Annotated MeSH contains direct instructions for indexing Capillaria
infections in the annotation at the term CAPILLARIA. Most organisms are
annotated in this manner, so it is not usually necessary for the indexer to go
through the above process to determine the correct infection term.
22.17 Many virus headings contain the name of a disease (for example,
CHICKEN ANEMIA VIRUS and VESICULAR EXANTHEMA OF SWINE VIRUS). In many cases MeSH
has a corresponding disease term for the infection caused by the virus
(VESICULAR EXANTHEMA OF SWINE). In some cases, however, there is no term for the
disease, only for the virus. In these cases, to index the infection caused by
the virus, follow the rule given in 22.16; do not add the clinical disease term
implied by the name of the virus unless the disease is actually discussed.
Avian infectious bronchitis virus infection in poultry.
*INFECTIOUS BRONCHITIS VIRUS, AVIAN
CORONAVIRUS INFECTIONS / * vet
*POULTRY DISEASES
(not BRONCHITIS / * vet unless bronchitis is discussed)
POULTRY
ANIMAL (check tag)
22.18 MeSH has very wide coverage of bacteria and viruses, so it is seldom
necessary to use reference books such as Bergey's Manual of Systematic
Bacteriology or the Classification and Nomenclature of Viruses: Sixth Report of
the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses to index an organism or its
infection.To index an organism or its infection that is not a MeSH term, follow
these steps. Identify the next higher taxonomic group to which the organism
belongs from data in the article or in available tools. (Dorland's Illustrated
Medical Dictionary, the two reference books listed above, or any other reference
listed in the Bibliography at the beginning of the Annotated MeSH are official
references). Check the Annotated MeSH to see whether that group exists as a main
heading. If it does not, go to the next higher taxonomic level, and so on. Upon
locating the MeSH heading in Category B, determine if there is a MeSH term for
an infection caused by that organism or group. If there is, use only that term.
If there is no MeSH heading for an infection caused by that organism or group,
index the organism (IM) and add the infection for the next higher taxonomic
group (IM).
Gastrodiscus infection
Gastrodiscus is not a MeSH heading, but the organism can be identified in a
reference book as belonging to the family Paramphistomatidae. The corresponding
infection term in Category C3 is TREMATODE INFECTIONS; therefore, index
Gastrodiscus infection under
*TREMATODE INFECTIONS
*PARAMPHISTOMATIDAE
ANIMAL (check tag)
22.19 Do not index infections for which no MeSH term exists under the name
of the organism with the subheading /pathogenicity. As defined by MeSH,
/pathogenicity is to be used for studies of the ability of an organism to
produce a disease, not for the fact or presence of an infection.
22.19.1 To use /pathogenicity correctly, the research must be concerned with
questions such as "How pathogenic is this microbe for one animal but not
another?", "How pathogenic is this organism for man?", "Is this microbe
virulent?", etc. See Section 19.8.51 for a further discussion of the correct
use of the subheading.
When the indexer determines the article to be on the fact or presence of an
infection, the indexer must disqualify /pathogenicity as a concept unless the
author also discusses the virulence or pathogenicity of the organism in the
infection.
22.19.2 In an article determining or discussing the pathogenicity of an
organism in vitro, the subheading /pathogenicity may be used with reference to
tissue or cells cultured in vitro. This subheading is not restricted to in vivo
studies in man or animals.
22.20 The presence of a parasite in a host does not necessarily mean that
a disease heading is required. Distinguish between the infestation of lower
animals by parasites and the clinical human or clinical and experimental animal
disease represented by Category C headings.
Snails infected with schistosomes.
SNAILS / * parasitol
*SCHISTOSOMA (not SCHISTOSOMIASIS)
ANIMAL (check tag)
Bacterial infections of crabs.
CRABS / * microbiol
*BACTERIA (not BACTERIAL INFECTIONS)
ANIMAL (check tag)
22.21 Index the host-parasite relationship under the name of the host with
the subheading /parasitology (IM), the parasite with its appropriate subheading
- probably /physiology (IM) and HOST-PARASITE RELATIONS (NIM).
22.22 The transmission of an organism from one host to another is not
readily handled with current MeSH terminology. /transmission is available, but
it is permitted only with Category C for the transmission of disease.
In general, index the transmission of an organism from one host to another under
the organism with the subheading /physiology. Coordinate with DISEASE VECTORS
or one of the specifics treed under it and/or DISEASE RESERVOIRS if appropriate.
Transmission of trypanosomes to the tsetse fly vector.
TRYPANOSOMA / * physiol
TSETSE FLY / * parasitol
INSECT VECTORS / * parasitol
ANIMAL (check tag)
22.23 When the geographic locality in which a host or a microorganism or
parasite is found is significant, in addition to indexing under the host and
organism, index also under the geographic heading from Category Z. It is not
necessary to seek out a geographical locale routinely. Index only if it is
discussed.
22.24 MeSH has very wide coverage of the viruses, particularly the
vertebrate viruses. Index viruses under the specific virus term in MeSH.
22.24.1 Index a virus not in MeSH under the virus group as identified from
the text or from Classification and Nomenclature of Viruses: Sixth Report of the
International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses or other reference tools. The
principle to be applied in determining the correct heading is that given in
22.17 and 22.18.
22.24.2 If the host of a virus is discussed in the article, index under the
virus (IM) and the host (IM or NIM depending upon the point of the article.)
The genome of the green monkey retrovirus.
RETROVIRIDAE / * genet
*GENOME, VIRAL
MONKEY, GREEN (see CERCOPITHECUS AETHIOPS) /
virol
ANIMAL (check tag)
22.24.3 Index bacterial viruses (bacteriophages) as BACTERIOPHAGES (IM) and
the name of the bacterium (NIM). MeSH has headings for groups of phages (e.g.
COLIPHAGES) as well as many specific strains (e.g., BACTERIOPHAGE M13). Index
under the most specific phage term.
Characterization of Bacillus subtilis phages.
*BACILLUS PHAGES
BACILLUS SUBTILIS / virol
Mechanism of the inactivating effect of immune sera on the typhoid phage.
SALMONELLA PHAGES / * immunol
*IMMUNE SERA
SALMONELLA TYPHI
Transport in bacteriophage P22-infected Salmonella typhimurium.
BACTERIOPHAGE P22 / * physiol
SALMONELLA TYPHIMURIUM / * metab /virol
BIOLOGICAL TRANSPORT
(Note that in this example SALMONELLA TYPHIMURIUM is IM.)
22.24.4 Phage typing, BACTERIOPHAGE TYPING, is handled in a manner the
reverse of 22.24.3 above. With phages, the emphasis is on the phage, the virus,
and not on the bacterium it is attacking. Phage typing is a laboratory
technique used to identify or classify the bacterium, and the emphasis is on the
bacterium. In the first case we IM the virus and NIM the bacterium; in the
other, we IM the bacterium and NIM the virus if it is indexed at all.
In general, index phage typing under the bacterium with the subheading
/classification (IM) and BACTERIOPHAGE TYPING (IM). Do not index under
BACTERIOPHAGES for the phage or under one of the pre-coordinated phages (e.g.
COLIPHAGES) unless the strain or the phage or its identity is particularly
discussed. In this case the phage term will be NIM.
Phage typing of staphylococci from milk.
MILK / *microbiol
STAPHYLOCOCCUS / *class
*BACTERIOPHAGE TYPING
(Do not index under STAPHYLOCOCCUS PHAGES unless the phage itself is significant
and then index probably as NIM.)
22.25 Index animal, plant and microbial genetics under the name of the
animal, plant or microbe with the subheading /genetics (IM). If a specific
genetic concept is to be indexed, coordinate the organism /genetics (IM) with
the genetic concept (IM). See also section 28.37 to 28.37.6.
Recombination in Bacillus subtilis.
BACILLUS SUBTILIS / * genet
*RECOMBINATION, GENETIC
The structural gene for alcohol dehydrogenase in Drosophila melanogaster.
ALCOHOL DEHYDROGENASE / * genet
DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER / * genet
*GENES, STRUCTURAL, INSECT
ANIMAL (check tag)
22.26 The microbial or animal source of tissue, cellular elements,
hormones, enzymes and other biological matter is almost always indexed NIM if it
is indexed at all under the rules governing third-tier indexing. If the point of
the research is the identity of the species or if the animal is named in the
title, it should be indexed usually NIM but IM if it is a main point. This rule
refers to most articles in experimental research of this nature. When indexing
to cover the animal source, be sure to check the tag ANIMAL also. See section
18.7.2 for the use of the ANIMAL tag. See also sections 21.57 and 22.26.1.
Bat salivary gland virus.
BATS / virol
*SALIVARY GLAND VIRUSES
ANIMAL (check tag)
Isolation of bat salivary gland virus from bats in the United States.
BATS / * virol
SALIVARY GLAND VIRUSES / * isol
UNITED STATES
ANIMAL (check tag)
(here the bat is a main point and is IM)
The chemistry of cat insulin in comparison with human insulin.
INSULIN / * chem
*CATS
HUMAN (check tag)
COMPARATIVE STUDY (check tag)
ANIMAL (check tag)
SPECIES SPECIFICITY
Duplication of single-stranded DNA catalyzed by calf thymus DNA polymerase.
DNA, SINGLE-STRANDED / * biosyn
DNA POLYMERASES / * metab
CATTLE (check tag)
ANIMAL (check tag)
22.26.1 In cell-line and tissue culture studies, check the tag HUMAN or
ANIMAL if this can be determined from the article, and for animals, index the
animal NIM if it is not the point of the article. If, however, the identity of
the animal and organ are significant, they will be indexed IM.
Description of a new rat macrophage cell line.
*RATS
MACROPHAGES /* cytol
*CELL LINE
ANIMAL (check tag)
The effect of dactinomycin on cell division.
(the materials and methods says the study was done in a rat cell line)
DACTINOMYCIN / * pharmacol
CELL LINE
RATS ( check tag)
CELL DIVISION / * drug eff
ANIMAL (check tag)
22.26.2 In many immunology studies, one animal is the experimental subject
and another is the source of immunologic substance or tissue. When two or more
such animals figure in an article, index each animal with or without the
subheading /immunology depending on the slant of the article. See section
19.8.37.
22.27 Category B organisms used in biological assays are indexed IM or NIM
depending on the tenor of the study.
Biological assay of vitamin B12 using Lactobacillus leichmannii.
VITAMIN B12 / * anal
LACTOBACILLUS / * metab
BIOLOGICAL ASSAY (IM or NIM depending upon the discussion of its
method of performance).
Biological assay of prostaglandins using the rat uterus.
PROSTAGLANDINS / * anal / pharmacol
UTERUS / * drug eff
RATS (check tag)
ANIMAL (check tag)
BIOLOGICAL ASSAY (IM or NIM)
FEMALE (check tag)
22.28 Although PRIMATES is a main heading in MeSH, we seldom encounter
general articles written on primates; most articles are written on man as the
check tag HUMAN. We also see two specific groups of primates, apes (APES see
PONGIDAE) and monkeys (MONKEYS see HAPLORHINI) more frequently than PRIMATES in
general.
22.28.1 Index under HOMINIDAE taxonomic or paleontologic man as an animal.
When indexing man as a primate or anthropoid, check the tag HUMAN; when indexing
all other PRIMATES, check ANIMAL.
28.28.2 Be careful with the word "singe" in French and "Affe" in German
articles. These words can mean either "ape" or "monkey."
22.29 Poultry is defined by Webster as BIRDS "that serve as a source of
eggs or meat" and that are commercially important. The indentions under POULTRY
in MeSH meet these definitions.
There should be little difficulty in indexing an article under BIRDS or POULTRY
for those which are not specifically identified as CHICKENS, DUCKS, GEESE, or
TURKEYS.
A "bird" in an agricultural or poultry science journal is likely to be indexed
under POULTRY with the disease indexed under POULTRY DISEASES.
A "bird" in a forest, zoo, park, or pet shop or referred to as "wild" will be
indexed as BIRDS with the disease indexed under BIRD DISEASES.
If a specific MeSH heading is available, use it. For example, index an article
on quail as QUAIL or the specifics COTURNIX or COLINUS if indicated rather than
the more general term POULTRY or BIRDS.
22.30 Plants figure in INDEX MEDICUS articles as food, the source of
drugs, as medicines themselves, as commercial products, and as types of tissue
in biophysical, biochemical, and biotechnologic studies.
Category B6 contains headings for specific plants as well as many plant families
and general plant terms such as PLANTS, MEDICINAL and PLANTS, TOXIC. Also
several headings for plant components such as PLANT LEAVES and PLAINT ROOTS are
included in this tree. Significant medical and historical plants are listed
under their specific names (CINCHONA, DIGITALIS, EUCALYPTUS, etc.) Food plants
are also in Category J2 - FOOD AND BEVERAGES.
If the specific plant is available in MeSH, use it.
Isolation of alpha-galactosidase from barley.
BARLEY / * enzymol
ALPHA-GALACTOSIDASE /* isol
If the specific plant is not a MeSH heading, try to determine the family or
group to which it belongs using information in the text or reference material.
If that cannot be determined, index under PLANTS. Use the term PLANTS, EDIBLE
and its indentions only for plants discussed as food.
Superoxide dismutase activity in carnations.
PLANTS / * enzymol
SUPEROXIDE DISMUTASE metab
Structural genes of petunias.
*GENES, STRUCTURAL, PLANT
SOLANACEAE / *genet
Pesticide residues in fruits and vegetables.
VEGETABLES / * chem
FRUIT/ * chem
PESTICIDE RESIDUES /* anal
22.31 Index SPORES, SPORES, BACTERIAL and SPORES, FUNGAL under the name of
the organism (IM) and the SPORES term (NIM). If the point of the article is the
spore, with the identity of the bacterium, fungus, or plant incidental, index
the spore term (IM). In some cases, both the spore term and the organism can be
IM.
22.32 MeSH provides the heading FUNGI and many specific fungi terms. In
the absence of a specific genus, index a fungus under the next higher taxonomic
group that is a MeSH term. If the author does not identify the group to which a
particular fungus belongs, the indexer must consult Ainsworth and Bisby's
Dictionary of the Fungi. The fungus to be indexed will almost always be
identifiable here or by some clue in the text.
Diseases caused by fungi are called MYCOSES and are listed in Category C1.
22.33 The check tag ANIMAL must be checked for any term used from Category
B1 or B2. These are invertebrate and vertebrate animals and must be made
available with the ANIMAL tag to allow the searcher to differentiate articles on
them from articles on the HUMAN or on Categories B3 through B7 which receive no
tags.
Except for CHICK EMBRYO, the animal tags are mammals commonly used in
experimental research. Any animal used in an experiment will be covered in
indexing either by checking the tag or indexing the MeSH heading.
In general, index the routine experimental animal as a check tag or as NIM
without a subheading. If a routinely experimental animal is the point of the
article and not experimental, index IM with an appropriate subheading. Index the
non-routine animal - even in an experimental study - IM with a subheading.
Amino acid metabolism in the liver. (Materials and Methods indicates the liver
came from a cow)
AMINO ACIDS / * metab
LIVER / * metab
CATTLE (check tag)
ANIMAL (check tag)
Platelet adhesiveness in different breeds of cattle.
CATTLE / * blood
*PLATELET ADHESIVENESS
ANIMAL (check tag)
COMPARATIVE STUDY (check tag)
Amino acid metabolism in the liver of the lion.
AMINO ACIDS /* metab
LIONS / * metab
LIVER / * metab
ANIMAL (check tag)
(The lion is not a typical experimental animal, so it is IM)
22.34 When indexing an organ from an invertebrate, index the specific
animal (IM) and the organ (NIM).
The structure of the mouth of the mosquito.
MOSQUITOES / * anat
MOUTH / anat
ANIMAL (check tag)
When indexing a physiological process in an invertebrate, index the specific
animal (IM) and the process (NIM).
Reproduction in snails.
SNAILS / * physiol
REPRODUCTION (NIM)
ANIMAL (check tag)
In cellular or ultrastructural studies using invertebrates, distinguish those
studies in which the animal itself is being studied from those in which the
animal is an experimental source of cellular or subcellular material. In the
first case, the invertebrate would be IM and the cellular term would be IM or
NIM. In the second case the invertebrate would be NIM and the cellular term
would be IM.
Glucose consumption in tick mitochondria. (Article is from a parasitology
journal)
GLUCOSE / * metab
MITOCHONDRIA / * metab
TICKS/ * metab / ultrastruct
ANIMAL (check tag)
Calcium metabolism in axons. (Materials and methods indicates the squid giant
axon was used)
CALCIUM / * metab
AXONS / * metab
SQUID
ANIMAL (check tag)
22.35 When any animal is indexed IM, it will almost always have a
subheading. Since so many subheadings are available to Category B terms, one
usually applies. Anatomical or physiological studies on animals, especially in
comparative anatomy and comparative physiology, are routinely IM with a
subheading. In veterinary articles, index the normal veterinary animal IM with a
subheading. In veterinary disease articles, index the animal with a subheading
(IM) if one reasonably applies, otherwise index the animal IM with no
subheading. Index any techniques used in these articles with the subheading
/veterinary if it is permitted. See section 23.33.
Differences in blood pressure between rabbits and squirrels.
RABBITS / * physiol
SQUIRRELS / * physiol
*BLOOD PRESSURE
SPECIES SPECIFICITY
ANIMAL (check tag)
COMPARATIVE STUDY (check tag)
Histology of the swine liver.
SWINE / * anat
LIVER / * anat
ANIMAL (check tag)
Isolation of Trichinella from infected deer.
TRICHINELLA / * isol
DEER / * parasitol
TRICHINOSIS / * vet / parasitol
ANIMAL (check tag)
Prevalence of hepatitis in parrots.
HEPATITIS, ANIMAL / * epidemiol
BIRD DISEASES / * epidemiol
*PARROTS
PREVALENCE
ANIMAL (check tag)
The economic importance of swine.
*SWINE
*ECONOMICS
ANIMAL (check tag)
Determination of antibodies to swine influenza virus in pigs by ELISA.
SWINE / * immunol
SWINE INFLUENZA VIRUS / * immunol
ANTIBODIES, VIRAL / * blood
ELISA / * vet
ANIMAL (check tag)
22.36 Index inbred strains of rats or mice under RATS, INBRED STRAINS or
MICE, INBRED STRAINS or one of the specifics treed under these terms. If a
strain is a cross between two inbred strains index under both terms. If the
strain is a cross between a strain for which there is no MeSH term and one for
which there is a MeSH term, index under both the specific and MICE, INBRED
STRAINS.
(CBA x C57BL) mice
MICE, INBRED CBA
MICE, INBRED C57BL
ANIMAL (check tag)
(B10.A x A/wysn) mice
MICE, INBRED A
MICE, INBRED STRAINS
ANIMAL (check tag)