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Index of
The Republic of Letters: The Correspondence between Thomas Jefferson and James Madison, 1776-1826

edited by
James Morton Smith

Table of Contents   |  Catalog record and links to related information from the Library of Congress catalog

	    
INDEX
Entries for pages 1 through 661 appear in Volume One.
Entries for pages 662 through 1351 appear in Volume Two.
Entries following page 1351 appear in Volume Three.
A
A., Miss: and William L. Smith, 766 
Abbedin, M., 1305 
Abbess of Pentemont, 486, 512 
Abell, Francis: quoted, 63 
Abernethy, Thomas P.: quoted, 1664 
Acacia trees, three thorned, 511 
Achaean League, 498 
Act Concerning Aliens. See Alien Friends Act
Acton, John Francis Edward, Chevalier, 1278
Adair, Douglass quoted, 441 
Adams, Abigail: and,325,398,439,540,737, 
    1171, 1407; on XYZ affair, 1002 - 3; on second      
    peace mission to France, 1074 
Adams, Charles Francis: quoted, 4 - 5 
Adams, Henry: quoted, 1256, 1505, 1771

ADAMS,JOHN 
    on J M's presidency, 1, 894, 895, 947 - 48, 176 1; on
    American Revolution, 2; death of, 2,1973;
    confrontational style of, 7; on TJ, 45, 49, 325 - 26,
    445, 946, 977; mission to Netherlands, 166, 306,
    453, 482, 486, 506, negotiates Dutch loan, 525 - 26,
    536, 537- 38, 767; and Norfolk merchants, ISO, JM
    critical of, 208, 221, 244, 250, 943, 1032, 1048-49,
    1157, 1162; TJ on, 223, 446,462-63, 626, 648, 668,
    688, 1791. on need for common revenue, 272-73;
    in commission with Franklin and Jay, 293-94; and
    foreign commercial negotiations, 301, 315;
    appointed minister to Great Britain, 326, 398, 399,
    417-18, 505; and Phil* Mazzei, 307; and William
    Stephens Smith, 1407; writes A Defence of the
    Constitutions of Government ofthe United States of
    America, 478- 79, 688; expenses as minister in
    Europe, 540; candidate for vice president, 554, 563,
    579, 590, 605, 606; favors titles for president, 592,
    612; as vice president, 737, 744-45, 813, 827, 848,
    890; writes "Discourses on Davila," 668 - 70, 688;
    contrasted with George Wythe, 691; Beckley on
    criticism of, 697; on French Revolution, 746, 105 1;
    JM urges reconciliation between TJ and, 944, 945;
    and election of 1796, 948, 050, 951- 52, 955, 964
    
AS PRESIDENT
    Continues Washington's appointees in cabinet,  
    964 - 65, 1168; takes oath as president, 966 - 67;
    calls for preparedness measures against France, 
    969, 999, 1029, 1095, 1187; appoints peace mission
    to France, 970- 71; condemns efforts to separate
    people from government, 969, 970; drafts war
    message, 999; answers addresses, 1004, 1044;
    proclaims day of prayer, 1005; diplomatic relations
    with France end, 1007, 1059; quasi war with France
    begins, 1008; appoints Washington as commander
    in chief, 1008; and postponement of meeting of
    Congress, 1011, 1012; on necessity of Senate, 1023;
    opposes removal of government to Washington,
    1031; and XYZ affair, 1052,1953; on British
    constitution, 1053, lacks faith in France, 1033, 1054;
    refuses exequatur to Victor du Pont, 1055; and
    administration of Sedition Act, 1067, 1074, 1087,
    1137; and retaliation bill, 1095; Desforneaux denies
    French enmity against United States, 1097; appoints
    second peace mission to France, 1074-75, 1097,
    1098-99, 1110,1200; calls for Logan Act, 1086;
    dismisses Pickering and McHenry, 1117-18; and
    election of 1800, 1117, 1140,1141,
    1142,1154,1157; and Robbins affair, 1128;
    nominates Marshall as chief justice, 1142; appoints. 
    Bayard as minister to France, 1142; a valedictory
    message to Congress, 1152; nominates
    Jay as chief justice, 1154; midnight appointments
    of, 1155,1161, 1170-71, 1865; leaves Washington
    before TJ's inaugural, 1164; personnel policy of,
    1171; administrative procedures under, 1202;
    relations with Santo Domingo, 1311; and Pickering,
    1614; recommends national university, 1775
    
    IN RETIREMENT
    and Franklin, 1747; on British demands at Ghent,
    1753; on Central College, 1777; and Declaration of
    Independence, 1945 - 46, 1847, 1875, 1876, 1877;
    mentioned, 14, 137, 179, 246, 398, 469, 962, 1780,
    1975
    
Adams, John Quincy: on friendship between TJ and
    JM, 1-2, 7, 12; and internal improvements, 35, 1943;
    writes as "Publicola," 691, 697; on Holland's attitude
    towards French pressure, 977; nominated minister to
    Berlin, 978; nominated commissioner
    plenipotentiary to Sweden, 1029; negotiates treaty
    with Prussia, 1190; mission to London, 1214, 1314;
    praises JM's Examination of the British Doctrine ... ;
    1408; on JM's inaugural ball, 1563; appointed
    minister to Russia, 1594, 1597; rejects Supreme
    Court appointment, 1621, 1647, 1659, 1663;
    supports Wa rof 1812, 168 1; appointed peace
    commissioner, 1710, 1734; and Transcontinental
    Treaty, 1806; and Monroe Doctrine, 1845; as 1891,
    1954,1957; on death of TJ and John Adams, 1973;
    mentioned, 1958, 1961
Adams, Louisa Catherine (Mrs. John Quincy), 1563
Adams, Mr.: and British prisoners, 120
Adams, Samuel, 563 , 917,1152
Adams, William Howard: quoted, 848
Adams and Liberty" (song), 1002
Addington, Henry, Viscount Sidmouth, 1294-95
"Address to the States" (JM), 230, 232
Adet, Pierre A. (French minister to United States):
    interferes in election of 1796,  941 - 42, 948 - 49;
    appraisal of TJ, 942; mission suspended, 946;
    recalled, 968; mentioned, 907, 1006, 1051
"Advice to My Country" (JM), 2002
Aesops fables, 854, 868
Agee, James, 5
Agrarian Justice (Thomas Paine), 982
Airth, Mr., 1430
Aitken, Robert, 319
Aix-en-Provence, 464, 480
Albany, N.Y., 1242,1251, 1464
Albemarle Academy, 1776
Albemarle Agricultural Society, 1792, 1806, 1971
Albemarle County, Va.: committee welcomes TJ from
    France, 639; institutes draft, 1697; Lafayette
    Guards of, 1889; mentioned, 1189, 1475, 1727,
    1952, 1972, 1996-97
Albemarle County court, 675
Albemarle Sound, 1711, 1719, 1720
Albion, Ill., 1783
Alcove bedrooms, 774
Alexander, Amos, 1465
Alexander, Charles, Jr., 1465
Alexander, Governor (of North Carolina), 1483
Alexander, Robert, 1465
Alexander, William, Lord Stirling, 117, 364
Alexander I (of Russia): education by La Harpe,
    1311; and Philadelphia case, 1324; JM on, 1345; TJ
    on, 1419, 1840, and visit of Russian ships to
    Philadelphia, 1436 and neutral rights, 1510 and
    Short's appointment to Russia, 1526, 1528;
    appoints Daschkoff to United States, 1594; offers
    mediation in War of 18 12, 171% 17 18; and Holy
    Alliance, 1844; mentioned, 1296,1906
Alexandria, Va.: races at, 265, 267; and Virginia port
    bill, 279 - 80, 322, 349; and Genet, 777; and Jay's
    treaty, 885, 896; mail schedule from, 1284;
    mentioned, 504, 663, 673, 1252, 1432
Alexandria County (District of Columbia), 1465
Algeciras, Spain, 1402
Algerines: in Virginia, 403
"Algernon Sidney" (pseudonym: Spencer Roane),
    1864, 1973-74
Algiers: reputed capture of Virginians, 554-55; treaty
    with, 916, 918, 921-22, 924,933,1170, 1 314;
    American captives in, 583,639,932-33, 956; dey
    of, 1191, 1494; annual remittance to, 1231, 1232,
    1264, 1266; threatens war, 1264; Tobias Lear as
    consul to, 1267; mentioned, 1194,
    1213, 1301, 1340
Alien and Sedition Acts: TJ opposes, 1066; petitions
    against, 1072 - 73, 1091, 1106 - 7; House endorses,
    1075; and North Carolina legislature, 1090;
    defended as internal securiiy system, 1104 - 6; and
    federal judiciary, 185 1; JM on, 1971-72, 1949: and
    public opinion, 1957; and Virginia resolutions,
    1986, 2000 and Kentucky resolutions, 2000;
Alien bill. See Alien Friends Act
Alien enemies: during Revolution, 86-87
Alien Enemies Act, 1066
Alien friends, 1183
Alien Friends Act: House bill, 1003, 1042; scares off
    French visitors, 1045; in Senate, 1047, 1048, 1049,
    1052, 1054, 1056, TJ on, 1081-82, 1083
Allen, Ethan, 91
Allen, John, 1065
Alliances, entangling, 1165
Allison, Mr., 91
Allston, Joseph, 1139, 1151, 1152
Alt, John, 1465
Ambler, Jacquelin, 187
Amboy, N.J., 1225
Ambrister, Robert C., 1808
Amelia County, Va., 886
Amelia Island, 1692,1694
Amelot, M. See Amyot, Joseph Marie
Amendments to Constitution: for emancipation and
    colonization of freed slaves, 22, 23, 25-26,
    Massachusetts recommends, 5 19, 520, 524; New
    York proposes second convention for, 52 1,
    548-49; discussed in ratification conventions,
    563 - 64; Bill of Rights as subsequent to, 579, 614,
    615; adoption of Twenty-seventh in 1992, 599;
    adoption of Twelfth, 1331, 1334; TJ on need of, for
    internal improvements, 1365. See also Bill of
    Rights, federal
America (British warship), 164
"American, An" (Alexander Hamilton), 714
American Colonization Society, 22, 1814
American Institute of Architects, 1915
American Museum (magazine), 506
American Philosophical Society: JM's membership
    in, 273, Transactions of, 530, 543; committee on
    Hessian By, 690; TJ and,,824, 947; mentioned, 146,
    285
American Revolution: JM on, 2, 429; early progress
    of, 58; flnancing of, 125- 27; British successes, in
    1780, 127, 131-32; European reaction to, 380-81;
    French officers in, 436, 486; Constitution designed
    to implement principles of, 595, 600; Bill of Rights
    as culmination of, 600; historic sites of, 670
American Society for Promoting the Civilization of
    and General Improvement of the Indian Tribes in
    the United States, 1837, 1838
"American System," 1954
Ames, Fisher: appraisal of JM, 592; on French
    Revolution, 746; burned in effigy, 838; reelected in
    1794, 859, 866; denounces Virginia amendments of
    1795, 888; on election of 1796, 940 and
    Washington's final address, 949; succeeded by
    Harrison Gray Otis, 978; on XYZ affair, 1000-1;
    praises John Adams, 1O06; mentioned, 813
Amherst, Jeffrey Baron, 164
Amherst County, Va., 1014
Amiability: TJ on, 7
Amphitrite (British frigate), 160
Amphyction Confederacy, 498
Ampthill (plantation), 216
Amsterdam: TJ and John Adams negotiate loan in,
    525-26, 536; State House of, 1775
Amyot, Jean-Joseph-Marie, 485
Anderson, Garland, Jr., 1134
Anderson, George, 152, 158, 162
Anderson, Howard, 7
Anderson, John, 777
Anderson, Joseph, 1053, 1129, 1472, 1854
Anderson, Olive: quoted, 93
Andre, John, 147
Andrews, Mr., 1724
Andrews, Robert, 534, 896, 1122
Anglican Church in Virginia, 55
Anglo-Russian treaty of 1801, 1409
Animal magnetism 332 351 367
Anapolis, Md.: Lafayette's troops at, 18 1, 186; and 
    location of national capital, 269, 271, mentioned,
    233, 261, 663
Annapolis Convention: and commercial regulation,
    395; calls for constitutional convention, 396,454;
    Virginia delegates to, 404, 405; JM on purpose of,
    415-16,420; states choose delegates to, 430; TJ
    on, 458; mentioned, 281, 414
Annual Register, 1305-6
Anonymous letters, 1529 - 30
Anthony, Joseph, Jr., 1135
Antifederalists: oppose ratification of Constitution, 29,
    519, 520; JM on southern, 552; and Bill of Rights,
    524, 564, 600, 618; Federalists conciliatory towards,
    after ratification, 591; in ele6tions of 1788, 605; in
    Congress, 606; JM views nullifiers as latter-day,
    1999; mentioned, 531, 578-79
Anti-Publicolas, 697
Antirepublican party, 710
Antislavery thought: historiography of, 15-26
Appleby, Joyce: quoted, 8
Apples, 39-1, 424, 508, 511, 529. See also
     specific varieties
Appleton, Thomas, 1291, 1344,1522,1768,1852
Arata, Mr., 1686
Arbitration commissions: and British debts, 882, 989,
    977, 1040
Arbuthnot, Alexander, 1808
Arbuthnot, Marriot, 189
Archer, Thomas, 1251
Architecture: TJ on, 37, 948; JM requests TJ's help
    on, 849
Argand cylinder lamp, 332, 351, 368
Ariel (American warship), 152, 165
"Aristides" (attributed to Noah Webster), 1156
Aristocracy: JM on, 709, 937
Aristotle, 448
Arkansas River, 1270, 1282, 1493
'Armstrong, John. appointed minister to France, 1334;
    and Bonaparte's title, 1338, 1344; and negotiations
    with Spain, 1357, 1358, 1367, 1385, 1389; JM on,
    1366, 1388; TJ's appraisal of, 1369; and claims
    under Convention of I800, 1376 - 77, 1378, 1391,
    1392 - 93; on western boundary of Louisiana, 1386-
    87; and Floridas, 1405, 1423-24, 1541, 1542. 1544;
    teamed with Bowdoin, 1419, 1425; goes to The
    Hague, 1422; letters from, 1425, 1474, 1513, 1519,
    1577, 1608; and d'Yrujo, 1427; on Miranda
    expedition, 1428; on Burr's propositions overseas,
    1472 - 73; relationship with Warden, 1489, 1660,
    1662-63, 1663-64,1665; proceeds to French camp,
    1496; and Short, 1526; and Guillaume's plow, 1593;
    and disavowal of Erskine Agreement, 1607; and
    French decrees, 1516, 1594-95, 1619,1637,1648; as
    presidential possibility, 1667; appointed secretary of
    war, 1709, 1714; and Alexander Smyth, 1715; and
    Wilson Cary Nicholas, 1716, JM dismisses, 1733,
    1746; writes Newburgh letters, 1868; mentioned,
    1337, 1541,1610,1624,1627
Army: expansion of. 1074,1086,1088,1091, 1092,
    1094; additional, 1074, 1086, 1091, 1092, 1096;
    eventual, 1074, 1091, 1092, 10%; volunteer,
    1074, 1091, 1092; provisional, 1042, 1045, 1047,
    1049, 1050, 1091, 1092; reorganization of, 1095;
    Congress begins to dismantle, It 13
Arnold, Benedict: destroys Virginia records, 60, 198-
    99; treason of, 131 - 32, 147, 160, 165;
    invades Virginia, 9, 132-33, 156, 159, 172-73,
    181; burned in effigy, 838
Arnold, Margaret Shippen (Mrs. Benedict), 147
Articles of Confederation: ratification of, 9, 129, 130-
    31, 171, 446; TJ on 27, 445; and land companies,
    15 1; JM researches history of, 300- 1; movement
    to amend, 395, 396- 97, 43 1; Virginia Plan
    proposes replacement of, 443; replaced by
    Constitution, 446; inadequacy of, 500, expiration
    of government under, 590, 606; and nullifiers,
    1983,1984, 1994
Artois, Charles-Phillipe, comte d', 625
Ashworth, Mary Wells: quoted, 951
Asparagus, 840
Assembly of Notables, 452,567
Assumption of state debts, 643-45, 655, 715, 768,
    850
Athicapis (Orleans), 1343
Atticism, 3, 9
Atwater, Reuben, 1250
Auckland, William Eden, Baron, 1410
Augusta, Ga., 1263
Augusta County, Va., 213
Aurora (newspaper). See Philadelphia Aurora
Austin, James Trecothick, 1854
Austria: and Naples, 460; and Prussia, 460; and
    surrender at Leoben, 965; signs alliance with Great
    Britain, 1358
Autobiography: JM's, 4; TJs, 4, 13, 19, 25, 124 - 25
Aviso (U.S. ship), 1543
Azalea, 670, 690
Azzara, Mr., 1324

 
 
B
    
Bache, Benjamin Franklin: and Jay's treaty, 927,
    93 1; attacks Washington, 99 1; Abigail Adams on,
    1003; critical of John Adams, 1003; Sedition Act
    aimed at, 1003, IO04, 1042, 1045; publishes
    Talleyrand's letter, 1008 - 9, 106 1; receives
    pamphlets from France, 1010; prints letter
    addressed to TJ, 1033; indicted for seditious libel,
    1064; TFs relations with, 1065 - 66; death of, 1192
Bache, Catharine Wistar (Mrs William), 1145
Bache, William, 1145, !461, 1192, 1193, 1249, 1284
Backus, Azel, 1479 - 80, 1491, 1497 - 98
Backus, Elijah, 1347
Bacon, Ezekiel, 1614, 1647, 1648
Bacon, Francis, 2, 6 '
Baer, George, Jr  1140, 1154
Bailn, Spain, 1546
Bailey, John, 1943, 1947-48, 1956, 1957-58, 1%1,
    1962
Bailey, Mr., 1531
Bailey, Theodorus, 1010- 11, 1012. 1018, 1039, 1041
Bailly, Jean-Sylvain, 617, 618
Bainbridge, William, 1194, 1303, 1685
Bailyn, Bernard: quoted, 449, 450
Baker, John Martin, 1542, 1544
Baker, Mr., 1238 - 39, 1522
Baker, Russell, 6
Bald Friar's, Md., 217
Baldwin, Abraham: delegate to Constitutional
    Convention, 478, 660, 949, 1093, 1224, 1368, 1704
Ballendine, John, 99-102
Ballooning, 332, 351, 369
Balsam poplar, 690
Baltic Sea, 1159, 1497, 1536, 1710, 1718
Baltimore, George Calvert, Lord, 302
Baltimore, Md.: proposed as national capital, 548,
    552; Republican Society of, 865; and Jay's treaty,
    934; foreign consuls at, 1307; French frigate at,
    1343; North American (Federalist newspaper),
    1614; attack on Fort McHenry, 1734, 1737;
    mentioned, 664, 1263, 1266, 1311, 1323, 1369,
    1371, 1587
Bancroft, Edward, 413, 419
Bancroft, George, 50
Banister, John, Jr., 465, 483, 529, 530
Bankhead, Charles Lewis, 1727, 1807
Bank of England, 969, 976, 977, 1277
Bank of Pennsylvania, 141
Bank of the United States: first, 31; and speculators,
    685; subscriptions to, 694 - 95, 695 - 96, 697 - 99;
    and TJ, 759, 903, 1588, 1589; law to punish frauds
    on, 100, and state bank in New Orleans, 13 10,
Bank of the United States (continued) , recharter of,
    1651, 1736- 37, 1771, 1772; and bonus bill, 1773;
    mentioned, 1059, 1236 
Bankruptcies: in England, 789 Bankruptcy, 1012, 1017,
    1237 
Bankruptcy bill, 745, 760 - 61, 1088 
Bankruptcy law, 1131, 1849 - 50 
Banks, Henry, 1430 
Banks, state: during War of 1812, 1735-36 
Banning, Lance: quoted, 518- 19 
Bapstropp, Mr. See Bastrop, Felipe Ned 
Barbary States: and Mediterranean commerce, 314;
   	TJ's dealings with in 1780s, 1170; TJ on, 1193-94,
   	1296; hostilities toward United States, 1209 -10;
    expenses for relations with, 1216; possibility of war
    with, 1234; and law of nations, 128 1; consuls to,
    1315; JM on, 1459; mentioned, 1208, 1447. See
    also Algiers; Morocco; Tripoli; Tunis 
Barbe-Marbois, Franqois, marquis de: and TJ's Notes
    on the State of Virginia, 206, 214, 372; on terms of
    peace treaty, 246; becomes French charge d'affairs,
    311; attacked by Longchamps, 320, 324; and
   	western trip with JM and Lafayette, 345; and
    Louisiana Purchase, 1255; mentioned, 580
Barbetrac, Jean, 297 
Barbour, James: on JM's sense of humor, 9;
   	mentioned, 1134, 1148, 1149, 1699, 1826, 1881,
    1912, 1914, 1971 
Barbour, Philip Pendelton: and Andrew Jackson's raid
    into East Florida, 1808; reports on TJ's illness, 1815;
    considered for law professorship, 1905, 1916, 1923,
    1924, 1926, 1927, 1928-29, 1930; declines law post,
    1931-32, 1939; mentioned, 720, 1964 
Barcelona, Spain, 1301 
Barclay, Charles, 482 
Barclay, John, 819
Barclay, Thomas, 1246, 1302
Barclay, Vice Admiral, 1488
Barksdale, Mr., 1804
Barley, 1385
Barlow, Joel: and Barbary negotiations, 1214; and
    Mellimelli, 1421; visits Montpellier, 1546;
    appointed minister to France, 1658; answers
    Robert Smith's attack on JM, 1671; and
    commercial treaty with France, 1679, 1694, 1696;
    TJ on, 1697; death of, 1752; discusses writing
    history of early republic, 1786; mentioned, 1544,
    1655, 1700, 1747
Barlow, Ruth (Mrs. Joel), 1533, 1752
Barnes, David Leonard, 1186
Barnes, John: Monroe writes draft on, 1018; agent
    for JM, 1048, 1056, 1085, 1094, 1126, 1130, 1135,
    1145, 1146, 1147, 1148; and French wine, 1377,
    1382; signs bank loan for TJ, 1588, 1589-90;
    agent for Kosciuszko, 1699; mentioned, 1047
Barnes, Joseph, 1278 - 79, 1283, 1308, 1309, 1311,
    1366-67
Barnet, Isaac Cox, 1301, 1437
Barnett, James, 81
Barney, Joshua: in French navy, 1345; mentioned,
    1195, 1197, 1339, 1341, 1722, 1723
Barnwell, George, 1363
Barnwell, John, 860
Barras, Jacques-Melchior Saint-Laurent, comte de,
    200
Barrets Ford, Va., 1519
Barrington, Dames, 319
Barron, Samuel, 1340, 1376
Barry, John, It 32
Barry, Richard, 1640
Barthelemy, Jean-Jacques, Abbe, 583, 607
Bartlett, Josiah, 579
Barton, Benjamin Smith, 1719
Barton, Professor, 1905
Bartram, John, Jr., 780
Bartram, William, 780,784
Bartram House, 780
Bartram's Garden, 780
Bashaw  of Tripoli, 1301, 1311, 1423,1510-11
Bassett, Burrell, 216
Bassett, Richard, 478, 579
Bassette, John, 1639, 1641
Bastille, fall of, 528, 602, 625
Bastrop, Felipe Neri, baron de, 1329
Batavian Republic: declares war on Great Britain,
    935; offers to mediate quasi war, 1086; mentioned,
    1501. See also Holland; Netherlands, the
Bates, Frederick, 1347
Baton Rouge, West Florida, 1648, 1700
Battle of Bennington, 670, 671
Battle of Bunker Hill, 45
Battle of Bunker Hill, The (print), 1127
Battle of Chrysler's Farm, 1713
Battle of Fallen Timbers, 863 - 64
Battle of Tippecanoe, 1676
Battle of Yorktown, 411
Batture; Livingston's claim to, 1518 - 19, 152 1;
    Rodney's ruling on, 152 1; and Moreau's memoir,
    1641; and TJ's legal brief, 1690, 1693; mentioned,
    1619, 1 633,1640,1642
Bayard, James A.: and Robbins's affair, 1128, 1129;
    and election of 1800, 1144; appointed minister to
    France, 1161, 1200; on War of 1812 peace
    commission, 1710, 1734; on war taxes, 1677;
    mentioned, 1142
Bayard, Samuel, 1220
Baylor, George, 103, 117
Baynham, William, 1375
Baynton, Peter, 688
Bay of St. Bernard, 1329, 1387, 1402
Bayonne: Bonaparte forces abdication of Ferdinand
    of Spain at, 1527; Decree of, 1509; mentioned,
    1609, 1666
Bayou Pierre, 1402, 1455, 1456, 1457, 1473
Beard, Jonas, 304 - 5
Beatty, John, 309
Beaufort, N.C., 1300
Beaujoin, M., 1472
Beaumarchais, Pierre-Augustin Caron de, 486
Becker, Carl, 5
Beckley, John: clerk of Virginia House of Delegates,
    409; and Paine's Rights of Man, 668, 687; and trip
    with JM, 689; reports on trip to Boston, 697; clerk,
    of House of Representatives, 720, 971, 976, 1224;
    and Monroe, 742; writes pamphlet on Hamilton,
    766; and Mazzei, 879; and Jay's treaty, 897;
    mentioned, 70
Becks, Will, 1246
Beckwith, George: secret agent for Lord Dorchester,
    646-47, 682; and Nootka Sound incident, 658;
    relations with Hamilton, 667, 710; at JM's
    boardinghouse, 681 - 83; critical of TJ, 668, 688;
    JM critical of, 689; mentioned, 698
Bedford, Gunning, 478
Bedford County, Va.: TJ visits in 1805, 1372; in
    1807, 1492, 1493; in 1809, 1602, 1607; in 1810,
    1624, 1625, 1640, 1645; in 1812, 1689, 1704; in
    1813, 1726; in 1814, 1743; in 1815, 1767; in 1817,
    1778, 1 785, 1786, 1789; in 1818, 1804; in 1819,
    1810, 1 814- in 1820, 1824; in 1821, 1831, 1836; in
    1822 1 840; land prices in, 1966; mentioned, 878,
    1432: 1434: 1435, 1540, 1593, 1595, 1599. See     
    also Poplar Forest
Bed of justice, 490
Belette. See Weasel
Bell, Robert, 319
Bell, Thomas, 1011
Bellachasse, J. D., 1336, 1337, 1343
Belle Grove, Va., 857
Bellini, Charles, 1108
Belt, Joseph Sprigg, 1465
Bemis, Samuel Flagg: quoted, 712, 722
Bennet, Jeremiah, Jr., 1268, 1300
Bennington, Vt., 1277
Benson, Mr., 1604
Bentham, Jeremy, 1840
Benton, Lemuel, 978
Berceau (French corvette), 12 15
Berciau (ship), 1262
Berckel, Pieter Johan van, 251, 472 - 73
Beresford, Richard, 289
Bercy, Mr., 1784
Berkeley, George Cranfield, 1449, 1453, 1499
Berkeley (plantation), 159
Berkeley Springs, Va., 94, 1240
Berlin Decree, 1446, 1448, 1503-4, 1593, 1618, 1657
Berman, Eleanor, 3
Bermuda, 92 - 83, 134, 152, 158, 192, 1470
Bermuda Hundred, Va., 280,322
Bernadotte, Jean Baptiste Jules, 1273
Bernard's Ford, Va., 1524
Bernis, Council of, 692
Berry & Rogers, 690
Bethlehem, Conn., 1480
Bertling, Capt. (British prisoner), 83
Betsy (American brig), 380
Beverly, Mass., 1231, 1250,1300
Bey or Tunis. demands frigate from United States,
    1267; and Lear, 1342; possibility of war with,
    1349; and mission of Mellimelli, 1411, 143 1; vessel
    presented to, 1426; presents for. 1429, 1432;
    mentioned, 1236,1265,1340,1341, 1403
Bibb, George M., 1464
Biddle, Samuel, 789
Bidwell, Barnabas, 1646
Bigelow, Jacob, 1905
"Bill Establishing a Provision for Teachers of the
    Christian Religion, 1784" (Patrick Henry), 331
Billey (JM's slave). See Gardner, William
Bill for Proportioning Capital Crimes and
    Punishments, 437, 466, 483
Bill for the Marc General Diffusion of Knowledge
    (TJ), 437,455,466,1775
Bill of Rights, federal: IM supports subsequent to
    ratification, 28 - 29, 522 - 24, 564 - 66, 59 1; TJ
    deplores lack of, in Constitu tion, 450 - 5 1; 522,
    524, 545 - 46, 5 80; omitted from Constitution, 503;
    TJ on necessity of, 512 - 13, 567, 580, 587 - 88;
    James Wilson defends Constitution without, 513;
    as supplemental safeguards to liberty, 552; IM
    introduces, 594-98; as complementary to
    Constitution, 595, 1164; TJ announces ratification
    of, 599; JM as father of, 600, 2002; as culmination
    of American Revolution, 600, postponed, 614; JM
    sends draft of, to TJ, 622-24; TJ lists additional
    provisions to JM's, 629 - 30. See also Declaration
    of the Rights of Man and Citizen
Bingham, Anne Willing (Mrs. William), 463
Bingham, William: TJ's appraisal of, 436, 463; and
    JM interview Gardoqui, 471; on move to replace
    Adams as vice president, 728; opposes commercial
    discrimination, 834; and Whiskey Rebellion, 866;
    and arming merchant vessels, 980; as director of
    Bank of United States, 1062; amends Ross bill,
    1127; cam of, 1189, 1191, 1194; mentioned, 139,
    781, 766, 869
Birch bark, 694, 695
Birkbeck, Morris, 1783
Bishop, Abraham, 1301
Bishop, Samuel, 1185, 1186
Bissent, Abraham, 1464
Bizet, Mr., 1784
Blackburn, Thomas, 357
Blackledge, William, 1625
Black's Law Dictionary. quoted, 1190  
Blackstone, Sir William, 1958, 1965 
Blaettermann, George, 19 13, 1896, 1997, 1908, 1912
Blagden, Mrs., 1533 
Blair, Archibald, 76, 82 
Blair, Hugh, 290,292 
Blair, James, 796 
Blair, John: and supplemental revision of Virginia 
    code, 455, 466; delegate to Constitutional  
    Convention, 468,470,476,477,478; favors 
    ratification, 534, mentioned, 587, 919 
Blake, George, 1647,1649 
Blake, James, 840, 844, 945, 846 
Blakeley, Josiah, 1469 
Bland, Richard, 908 
Bland, Theodorick: and Saratoga troops, 71, 83, 90, 
    103, 113, 117, 120, and western land claims, 130; on 
    navigation of Mississippi, 131, 150-52; on British 
    invasion of Virginia, 133; in Continental and 
    Confederation Congress, 152, 153, 154, 156, 161, 
    163, 164, 165, 169, 180; expedites military supplies to 
    Virginia, 174, elected to Virginia assembly, 420,456,   
    opposes ratification, 509, 534; favors second 
    convention, 594, elected to first Congress, 605;   
    mentioned, 157,189,191, 193,201, 216
Blennerhassett, Harman, 1471 
Blennerhassett Island, 1443 
Blicher Olsen, Peder, 1191, 1193,1283 
Blockade: TJ on definition of, 1465; France on 
    England's definition of, 1607, 1`618; as established 
    by Fox, 1674; effect on farmers, 1719; British 
    establish, from Maine toMississippi River, 1731; 
    JM denounces, 173 1, mentioned, 1413 - 14
Blockran, Charles, 1250 
Blockran, Robert, 1250 
Bloodgood, Abraham, 1242, 1244, 1251
Bloodworth, Samuel, 965 
Bloodworth, Timothy, 965 
Blount, Thomas, 893 
Blount, William: delegate to Constitutional 
    Convention, 479; expelled from Senate, 992; and 
    Liston's plot, 1011; impeachment of, discussed, 
    1013, 1016, 1017; conspiracy of, 1326; mentioned, 
    226 
Blue Run (Orange County), Va., 1484,1485 
Board ofTreasury, 436 
Boardley, John Beale. See Bordley, John Beale 
Bob (TJs servant), 337 
Bockius Tavern (Germantown, Pa.), 829 
Bogert, John J., 321 
Bomod, Daniel, 297, 303, 319 
Bollman, Justus Erich, 1545 
Bonaparte, Jerome, 1275, 1276, 1344, 1383
Bonaparte, Joseph, 1527,1530,1544,1546,1591,1606
Bonaparte, Napoleon: puts down Paris resistance, 903;
    defeats Austrian army, 965, 969, 980, and Treaty of
    Leoben, 981; in Egypt, 1089, 109 1; overthrows French
    Republic, 1112, 1117, 1123, 1126-27; JM on, 1113,
    1567, 1630, Hamilton compares TJ to, It 38; and
    negotiation of Convention of 1800, 1151, as first
    consul, 1199, 1275; and secret treaty with Spain
    regarding Louisiana, 1208; Lear on ambitions of, 1225;
    Livingston's appraisal of, 1254; renounces Louisiana,
    1255,1256,1257,1264,1295,1289, 1297; resumes war
    with Great Britain, 1255; intercedes with Tripoli, 1308,
    1324; as emperor, 1334,1338,1344,1374; relations with
    Spain, 1355, 1376,1406; proposes invasion of
    England, 1358; moves army to Bavaria, 1358; TJ on,
    1371, 1382, 1475,1567-68,1586,1638,1662;
    1675,1689, 1897; banishes Moreau, 138 1; Armstrong
    and Monroe on, 1387; victory at Austerlitz, 1404; and
    Mr. Haumont, 1441; proclaims blockade of
    Britain, 1446; use of militia by, 145 1; victories on
    Continent, 1452; and duke of Portland ministry,
    1470; attitude towards United States, 1500;
    expands decrees, 1509, 1626; issues Milan Decree,
    1515; installs Joseph Bonaparte as king of Spain,
    1527, 1530; transfers army to Spain, 1534;
    confiscates American ships, 1617; reputation for
    chicanery, 1619; policy after Cadore letter, 1653,
    1657, 1670; retreat from Moscow, 1709, 1714,
    1718; abdicates, 1730; exile of, 1758; returns from
    Elba, 1758, 1768; defeat at Waterloo, 1759;
    mentioned, 1384, 1388, 1866
Bond, Mr.: builds Belle Grove, 857
Bond, Phineas, 729
Bonhomme Richard (American warship), 171
Bormycastle, Charles, 1886, 1887, 1908
Bonus bill, 1783
Books: for Confe deration Congress, 14
Books: JM requests TJ to order, 332, 367 -69, 401,
    419, 487 - 89, 529, 631, 649; TJ buys for JM in
    France, 350- 51, 352, 381, 382- 83, 384, 386, 409,
    410, 459, 485, 487, 610, 636; TJ loans, 858, 876;
    JM retrieves for TJ, 861; TJ sends, to JM, 1132;
    tariffduty on, 1831, 1832- 33, 1837; Gilmer buys
    for university, 1922, 1965
Bordeaux wine, 391, 1373
Bordley, John Beale, 876
Bore, Jean Etienne (Stephan), 1336, 1343
Boston (U.S. frigate), 1195, 1196, 1197, 1199, 1228,
    1234, 1240, 1276
Boston, Mass.: evacuation of, 411; and Constitution,
    504; Democratic-Republican Society in, 865; and
    Jay's treaty, 885, 895, 896, 933-34, 937; and
    representation in state legislature, 1628;
    mentioned, 1187, 1378, 1432
Boston Tea Party, 39, 40
Bosutti, Salvatore, 1431
Boswell, James, 10
Boudinot, Elias, 244, 245, 870, 1236
Boufflers, Louis-Francois, duc de, 94
BouiIIe, Frangois-Claude-Amour de, Marquis, 463
Bourbon, Louis-Henri-Joseph de Condii, doc de, 625
Bourbon monarchy: rumored restoration of, 1758
Bourgain, Francois-Joseph, 512
Bourne, Sylvanus, 1052, 1055, 1332
Bournonville, Charles Franois, 10 15
Bowditch, Nathaniel, 1813, 1884
Bowdoin, James: governor of Massachusetts, 474;
    appointed minister to Spain, 1357- 58, 1374, 1375,
    1377, 1380, 1384; delays going to Madrid, 1387,
    1389, 1391, 1392; on war with Great Britain, 1419;
    letter from, 1423; teamed with Armstrong, 1425
Bowman, John, 78-79,104
Boyd, Joseph, 1262
Boyd, Julian P.: on correspondence between TJ and
    JM, 3; on TJ, 53; and TJ's letters as governor, 61;
    and TJ's original appraisal of Lafayette, 348;
    quoted, 364, 604
Bradford, John, 163, 1268, 1366
Bradford, Mr. (Philadelphia bookseller), 288
Bradford, Thomas, 982
Bradford, William, 38, 39, 40, 42, 43, 47
Bradley, Stephen Row, 860, 1240, 1425
Bran, Mr. (bookbinder), 908
Brant, Irving: on friendship between JM and TJ, 60;
    quoted, 267, 664, 1383, 1398, 1492
Brant, Joseph, 732- 33, 735, 1199
Brawner, Mr., 1176
Braxton, Carter: opposes regulation of commerce,
    405; favors postponing taxes, 406; on Virginia
    Executive Council, 408; mentioned, 149 - 50
Brazil, 1826
Brearly, David, 478
Breck, Samuel, 766
Breckinridge, James: and Virginia Board of Visitors,
    1824, 1839, 1856, 1894; and faculty recruitment,
    1912, 1918, 1922, 1923, 1926, 1927, 1961
Breckinridge, John: moves to Kentucky, 769; and
    Kentucky resolutions, 1068, 1070; and Louisiana
    Purchase, 1288; illness of, 1454; JM substitutes for,
    as attorney general, 1460-61
Breckinridge, Robert, 729
Brehan, Marquise de, 494, 580, 612, 614
Brent, Daniel: State Department clerk, 1213, 1228,
    1239, 1241; and war with Morocco, 1235 - 36; and
    commissioners of bankruptcy, 1240; and
    Guadaloupe negroes, 1248; recommends Wallace,
    1284; collects session laws for TJ, 1467; and Algiers,
    1494; mentioned, 1244, 1245, 1246, 1247, 1492
Brent, Robert, 1465, 1522
Bretagny, France. See Brittany, France
Breteuil, Louis-Charles-Auguste le Tonnelier, baron
    de, 625
Bridgetown, N.J., 1269,1300
Brienne, Etienne-Charles de Lomenie de, 543
Briggs, Isaac, 1301
Bright, Michael, 1589
Bringhurst, John; Philadelphia merchant, 871, 874,
    916, 919; and TJ's nailery, 920, 922, 924, 929, 930,
    935; visits JM and TJ, 984, 985, 992; calls on TJ in
    Philadelphia, 1047; letter to Dolley Madison,
    1136; mentioned, 992, 1044
Briscoe, Mr., 1427
Brissot de Warville, Jacques-Pierre: and land
    speculation, 535- 36, 538; delivers items from TJ
    to JM, 539, 547; guillotined, 833
British constitution, 1965
British debts: provisions of Treaty of Paris about,
    250, 542; JM on, 337; payment of, 361 - 62;
    Virginia legislature debates, 361-62, 405, 432,
    456, 532; TJ and Adams discuss, with British
    merchants, 398 -99; TJ on, 417-18, 459, 724;
    sequestration of, 840; arbitration commission for,
    882, 977, 1088; mentioned, 711, 712, 725, 727, 785
British fleet: mutiny in, 969, 981
British Museum, 284, 291
British Parliament: and royal negative, 498
British West Indies, 1496
Brittany, France, 412, 527 - 28, 789
Broadbent, John, 1421, 1422
Broadie, David, 1347
Broadway, Va., 159
Brock, Isaac, 1683, 1684, 1705, 1707
Brockenbrough, Arthur S.: and cost estimates for
    University of Virginia, 1833, 1834- 35, 1836; and
    Rotunda, 1858; mentioned, 1860, 1904, 1905
Brodeau, Mrs., 1249
Broglio, Victor Franois, 625
"Broken voyage": principle of, 1360
Bronatd, Mr., 1520
Brooke, Robert, 961
Brookes, John, 1133
Broom, Jacob, 478
Broome, John, 486, 493, 506, 508
Brougham, Henry, 1896
Browere, John Henri Isaac, 1941, 1942
Brown, Andrew, 693, 1035
Brown, Benjamin, 1134
Brown, Catherine, 1153, 1156, 1160
Brown, David, 1172
Brown, Dr., 1742, 1828
Brown, Jacob, 1751
Brown, James (Richmond merchant), 694
Brown, James (secretary of Orleans territory), 1336
Brown, James (U.S. attorney for Orleans), 1365, 1366
Brown, John: and Gardoqui, 55 1; elected to
    Congress, 605; and Kentucky statehood, 614; and
    Kentucky offices, 729; Kentucky senator, 739;
    mentioned, 555, 1244
Brown, Mr., 1434,1578
Brown, Mr. : and the mind, 1909
Brown, Ralph Adams: quoted, 1085
Brown, William, 1609
Browne, Joseph, 1365
Browne, William S.: and Burke case, 493, 507 - 8,
    532-33, 543, 555
Browne, Mrs. William S., 532
Brown University, 1918
Brudenhem, Mr., 1425
Bruff, Dr., 1697-98
Brunswick, Ga., 1300
Brunswick, Karl Wilhelm Ferdinand, duke of, 772,
    776
Brunswick, N.J., 228, 243
Bry, Theodor de, 1639
Buchanan, James, 242, 319
Buchanan and Hay: and Virginia Capitol, 394,
    412
Buckingham, Va., 99
Buck Island, 1434
Buck Tavern, Pa., 1383
Buell, Joseph, 1475
Buenos Aires, 1236, 1237, 1243, 1385
Buffalo, N.Y., 1279,1712
Buffalo Creek, N.Y., 1300
Buffon, Georges-Louis Leclerc, comte de: theory of
    central beat of earth, 284; JM on, 286-87,
    291-92, 368,421-22; and Catherine the Great,
    308; TJ rebuts, in Notes, 333; on weasels, 425-28;
    colored plafes from, 423, 460; mentioned, 292, 303
Buford, Abraham, 80, $1, 82
Bull, John, 660
Bull Run Hill, Va., 1176-77
Burges, Dempsey, 978
Burgos, 1133
Burgoyne, John, 58, 63, 94, 670
Burgundy wine, 391
Burk, John Daly, 1068
Burke, Edmund: writes Reflections on the Revolution
    In France, 667 - 68, 684- 85, 689, 691
Burke, James: see Burke, John
Burke, John, 486, 492 - 93
Burke, Thomas: case of, 486, 493, 506, 512, 532, 555
Burke, Mrs. Thomas, 493, 555, 583
Burlington, Richard Boyle, third earl of, 1136
Burnley, Garland, 97
Burnley, Mr., 1523
Burr, Aaron: and northern excursion by TJ and JM,,
    670, introduces JM to Dolley Payne Todd, 847;
    and Franco-American affairs, 969; welcomes
    Monroe from France, 977; Abigail Adams critical
    of, 1003; listed as member of American Executive
    Directory, 1010 on elections of 1798, 1047;
    nominated for vice president, 1117; and New York
    election of 1800, 1129, 1131, 1138; and party
    solidarity, If 39; and tic vote in 1800, 1141, 1142,
    1143, 1144, 1149, 1154; Monroe warns JM of
    ambitions of, 1153; not renominated for vice
    president, 1352; and Swartout, 1408,1423; kills
    Hamilton, 1442; conspiracy, 1442,1443,1444,
    1454, 146 1; offers assistance to British, 1443;
    indicted for treason, 1444, 1620; acquitted, 1445;
    escapes to England, 1445; and compulsory process
    in different courts, 149 1; and James Wilkinson
    1665; and Granger, 1740; mentioned, 1151, 1148,
    1204
Burr, Theodosis, 1151
Burrall, Charles (assistant postmaster general),
    1011
Burrall, Mr., 1741
Burton, James, 97
Burwell, William A., 1423, 1615
Burwell's Ferry, Va., 154
Bush Hill, Pa., 1385
Butler, Pierce: delegate to Constitutional
    Convention, 469,478; and French wine, 1361,
    1377, 1391; mentioned, 933, 936, 1149, 1150
Butler, Richard, 157, 347 -48
Bynkershoek, Cornelius van, 297, 304, 319, 723,
    1262
Byrd, William, 908



C
    
Cabaret, M. (bookbinder), 487
Cabell, Colonel Joseph, 117
Cabell, Joseph Carrington: and Central College,
    1776, 1777, 1784, 1785, 1787, 1792, 1800, 1802,
    1807; and TJ's education bill, 1788, 1793; on
    Rockfish Gap commission, 1793; on university
    Board of Visitors,, 1795; and architectural plan for
    University of Virginia, 1797; and state funding for
    Central College, 1803; on hostility to university,
    1808; opposes  Cooper " appointment. 1808, 1809,
    1810, 1818, and theological schools, 1842; and
    faculty recruitment, 1843 - 44, 1879 - 80, 194, 1933; 
    letters from, 1852, 1880, and Rotunda, 1853, 
    1854,1856; opposes move of William and Mary to
    Richmond, 1893 - 94, 1913, 1921, 1922, 1924,
    1926; and George Tucker, 1912; and European 
    professors, 1915, 1928; and student discipline,
    1920; mentioned, 1829, 1839, 1840, 1911
Cabell. Samuel Jordan: elected to Congress, 871, 875;
    grand jury presentment of, 973-74, 975, 1014; TJ
    writes petition against presentment of, 986-.90,
    1076-78; JM advises TJ on petition, 991-92;
    leaves Congress early, 1039, 1042, 1052; and
    Kentucky resolutions, 1067
Cabell, William H. (governor of Virginia), 1450,
    1481, 1482, 1483, 1484, 1488, 1506
Cabell family, 507, 534
Cabinet, Washington convenes, 710,
Cabin Point, Va., 160
Cabot, George 718, 1045
Cabot, Samuel: 1219, 1226, 1672
Cadiz, 1377,1441, 1579,1582
Cadore, duc de. Ser Champagny, Jean-Baptiste
    Nompere de
Cadore letter: revokes French decrees, 1658, 1674,
    1675
Caesar, Caius, 384
Cahokia, 63
Caldwell, Elias B., 1839
Calhoun, John Caldwell: proposes bonus bill, 1773,
    1783, 1980, JM vetoes bonus bill, 1773; secretary
    of war, 1891; writes South Carolina Exposition and
    Protest. 1980; and nullification doctrine, 1994,
    1985, 1988 - 89, 2002; invokes nullification
    procedures, 1992, 1993; succeeds Hayne in Senate,
    1995; votes for Clay's compromise tariff, 1997;
    mentioned, 1676
Callender, JamesThomson: TJ and, 953,1163,1172;
    accuses Hamilton, 973, 984; indicted for seditious
    libels, 1116, 1137, 1138; and JM, 1053, 1152, 1160,
    1163; and Leiper, 1242
Callis, William Overton, 342
Calonne, Charles-Alexandre de, 457, 467, 530, 692
Calonton, Stephen P., 1213
Calvin, John, IS 18
Cambrian (British warship), 1334, 1410, 1462, 1463
Cambridge University, 1885
"Camillus" (pseudonym: Fisher Ames) 813
"Camillus" (pseudonym: Alexander Hamilton), 8%,
    901
Campbell. Alexander, 921, 925
Campbell, Arthur, 214, 245, 363 - 64, 407
Campbell, Captain, 1234
Campbell,  George Washington, 1350,1733
Campbell, Hugh, 1303
Campbell, John, 729
Campbell, Lieutenant  (British prisoner), 83
Campbell, Mr. 1436
Campbell, William, 1909,1922
Canada: TJ on acquisition of, 1568, 1586Canals: in Virginia, 280 - 8 1; TJ on need for, 295 -
    96, 354; JM on need for, 302; Virginia legislature
    establishes companies for, 33 1; between Virginia
    and North Carolina, 358; Tatham suggests, 1560
    mentioned, 1917, 1927
"Candid State of Parties, A" (JM), 709- 10
Candleberry myrtle trees, 511
Canning, George: disavows right to search U.S. ships.
    of war, 1453; and Chesapeake affair, 1496, 1499,
    1503; takes hard line with Pinkney, 1508, 1539,
    1559; disavows Erskine Agreement, 1569, 1597,
    1599; and Portland ministry, 1573; and orders-in-
    council, 1581; TJ critical of, 1509, 1570, 1571,
    1573,1591; JM wary of, 1534,1572,1601, 1607;
    claims ocean as British conquest, 1602; and
    European intervention in Americas, 1978, 1880;
    mentioned, 1470
Cano y Olmedilla, Juan de Is Cruz, 692
Cantavelle, Mr., 1343
Cape Franois. 1260
Capellen, J. D., baron van der, 533
Cape of Good Hope, 1447
Cape Trafalgar, 1404
Cappon, Lester J.: quoted, 10
Caracas, 1648
Cardelli, Peter, 1812
Carey, James, 1042, 1046, 1049
Carey, Matthew, 701
Carey, William, 1248
Carleton, Sir Guy, 74, 91, 247, 680. See also
    Dorchester, Lord
Carleton Island, 1434
Carmichael, William: TJ's appraisal of, 436, 463; in
    Madrid, 489, 840; mentioned, 163, 200, 779
Caroline County, Va., 759, 816, 886
Carondelet canal, 1369
Carr, Dabney (TJ's friend and brother-in-law), 285,
    31
Carr, Dabney, Jr.: and educational oversight by JM,
    285, 316, 323, 351, 364; tutored by Peter Carr,
    370; at Hampden-Sydney Academy, 370-71, 392,
    421, 468, 479; TJ supplies funds to educate, 489;
    mentioned, 434,1727, 1910,1916, 1933, 1939
Caff, Martha Jefferson (Mrs. Dabney): TJ supplies
    funds to educate sons of. 323, 342, 414, 416, 468,
    487,489, 581; mentioned, 207, 285, 316, 407,433,
    454
Carr, Peter: and educational oversight by JM,
    273-74, 285, 288, 290, 316, 323, 342, 351; goes to
    Walker Maury's school, 323, 342, 364, 370, 392,
    407; TJ supplies funds for education of, 381, 469,
    489; at William and Mary, 433, 479; visits New
    York, 614, 615; sells property, 868; in
    Philadelphia, 907; circulates petition against
    Cabell's presentment, 975, 986; son dies, 1148; and
    Samuel Smith, 1495; captain in cavalry, 1697; and
    Charles Jouett, 1767; mentioned, 931, 1121, 116 1,
    1604, 1666, 1727
Carr, Sam, 1486
Carr, Samuel, 1727
Carriage tax: TJ on, 972; mentioned, 841, 842, 845,
    921, 925
Carrington, Edward: in Confederation Congress, 408,
    456; TJ writes, 519, 520; sends The Federalist to
    TJ, 524, 548, 567; and John Paul Jones's bust,
    610, 636; on excise law, 689; federal collector of
    revenue in Virginia, 743; and Jay's treaty, 896
    mentioned, 495, 506, 542, 1366
Carrington, Paul, 507
Carroll, Charles, 223, 478, 508
Carroll, Daniel: in Confederation Congress, 246;
    opposes Annapolis Convention, 420; delegate to
    Constitutional Convention, 478, 508; and District
    of Columbia, 673-74; mentioned, 223, 742, 764 
Carroll, Bishop John, 1495, 1575 
Carroll, John A.: quoted, 951 
Carter, B. M., 1911 
Carter, Edward, 369, 420 
Cartwright, John, 1991 
Cary, Archibald, 70, 94, 216, 473, 477, 492 
Cary, Mr., 1249 
Casa Calvo, marquis de: and post roads to New 
    Orleans, 1339, 1341-42; TJ proposes expulsion  
    of,  1391, 1392; and status quo in disputed areas, 
    1415- 16; mentioned, 1358,1389,1522 
Casinove, Mr., 1381 
Cass, Lewis, 1839 
Castlereagh, Robert Stewart, second viscount: TJ on, 
    1570, 1591; and War of 1812, 1710; and Andrew 
    Jackson's court martial of British traders, 1808;   
    mentioned, 1607,1681, 1691 Castor, 685-87
Castries, Charles-Eugine-Gabriel de Is Croix, marquis 
    de, 346 
Caswell, Richard, 85-86, 109-10, 510
Catanzariti, John, 317
Caterpillar 1425
Cathalan, Eiienne, 1244
Cathalan, Stephen, Jr., 1263, 1340, 1366, 1368
Cathalan, Stephen, Sr. (father), 1244
Cathcart, James Leander: consul at Tripoli, 1194,
    1315, 1390; and treaty with Tunis, 12 4 flees
    Tripoli for Italy, 1228; JM's instructions to, 1240;
    and Eaton, 1267; and factorship among Indians,
    1390; and Mellimelli, 1428, 1429, 1432, 1435;
    mentioned, 1265, 1301, 1434, 1437, 1440, 1522
Catherine the Great, 262, 294, 290. 308, 536, 630
"Catullus" (pseudonym: Alexander Hamilton), 766
"Causes and Conduct of the War [of 1812], The":
    white paper on, 17 5 7 - 58, 1763 - 64, 1766
Celia (slave), 161
Census: Senate rejects bill for, 654; in Virginia, 689;
    of 1790, 707; second, 1204 - 5
Centerville, Va., 1177
Central College: Board of Visitors meets, 1776 - 77,
    1785; selects site near Charlottesville, 1777; TJ
    and, 1778-79,1781, 1789,1799- 1800; first
    pavilion at, 1788; fund raising for, 1787, 1789,
    1802, 1804; agrees to deed property to university,
    1793, 1796; final board meeting of, 1795 - 96;
    mentioned, 1907, 1818,1932
Ceracchi, Mrs. Giuseppe, 1381
Ceres (American ship): TJ sails aboard, 321, 325
Cerfs (deer), 391
Cevallos, Pedro de, 1323, 1347. 1355, 1522
Chalmers, George, 861, 866
Chamberlain, Mr. (brickmason), 1858 
Champagne, 391 
Champagny Jean-Baptiste Nomore de, duc de Cadore,
    1513, 1544, 1618 
Champion, Richard, 679 
Channing, Edward: quoted, 1256 
Charles (archduke of Austria), 1595 
Charles II (king of England), 783, 1279 
Charles III (king of Spain), 250 
Charles IV (king of Spain), 1323, 1527, 1608 
Charles Carver (American ship), 1276
Charles City County, Va., 159, 908 
Charleston, S.C.: British capture of, 127, 135 - 36, 
    139, 140; French citizens in, outfit privateers, 779-
    79; favors commercial discrimination, 838; 
    mentioned, 1139, 1307, 13 32 
Charlestown (British frigate), 160 
Charlestown, Mississippi Territory, 1475 
Charlestown, S.C. See Charleston, S.C. 
Charlottesville, Va.: Lafayette visits, 1902, 1903; 
    mentioned, 176-77, 199, 816, 1429, 1442
Charlottesville Central Gazette, 1930
Charters, 1922
Chase, Samuel, 369, 504, 508, 531, 919
Chastellux, Alfred de, 922. ,
Chastellux, Francois-Jean, marquis de, 206, 207, 216,
    297
Chastellux, Marie-Josephine-Charlotte-Brigette
    Plunkett, marquise de, 902, 920
Chatham, Va., 817
Chatham, Wlliam Pitt, first earl of, 800, 808
Chauncey, Issac, 1712, 1782
Chauvelin, Franois Bernard, marquis de, 767
Chauvigny, Bertier de, 626
Cheatham, James. See Cheetham, James
Checks and balances, 669, 709
Cheetham, James, 1156,1541
Chemistry: JM's interest in, 425, 465,487
Cherokee Indians: in Revolution, 67, 78; intruders on
    land of, 1574-75; mentioned, 00, 104, 109- 10,
    1426
Cherries: French and American compared, 391
Cherry, William, 96
Chesapeake (U.S. frigate), 1234, 1421, 1512
Chesapeake affair: British impress sailors from U.S.
    warship, 1445; crisis following attack on,
    1449-50,1452; TJ condemns attack, 1476-79,
    1488; British execute impressed sailors, 1499;
    negotiations over, break down of, 1504;
    mentioned, 1675
Chesapeake Bay, 154, 1711, 1719 - 20
Chester, Pa., 664
Chesterfield County, Va., 1133
Chestertown, Md., 146
Chevalier, M., 454
Chewning, Reuben, 1084
Chichester (British frigate), 1439, 1488
Chickamauga Indians, 78
Chickasaw Bluffs, Tenn., 964, 1606, 1609
Chickasaw Indians, 1426,1574-75
Chihuahua, Mexico, 1493
Childs, Francis, 685, 699, 700
China, 1447
Chinard, Gilbert: quoted, 584-85, 603, 631
Chinch bug, 338
Chipman, Darius, 1250
Chipman, Nathaniel, 1013
Chisholm, Hugh, 1540, 1546, 1570
Chisholm, John, 1326
Chisman, Mount Edward, 1347
Cholera morbus: and JM, 14, 992
Chote, Mr., 1329
Chouteau, Rene Auguste, 1743
Christian, William (of Kentucky), 421
Christian, William (of Virginia), 96, 363
Christie, Gabriel, $74, 875
Chiming. Mr. See Chewning, Reuben
Church, Angelico, 995
Church, Edward, 1197
Ciphers: used by TJ and JM, 6, 217; JM's use of. 347;
    TJ revises, 372; TJ makes new one, 387, TJ and
    JM resume use of, 750, mentioned, 248 -49, 260,
    469, 608
Ciracchi, Mrs. See Ceracchi, Mrs. Giuseppe
Cissi Mohammed, Bashaw. See Karamanli, Hamet
Citizen Genet (French privateer), 805
"Citizen of N. York, a" (James Cheethain writes as),
    1156
"Citizen of the United States, A" (JM writes as),
    1073, 1094
City Point, Va., 159
Civil liberties: Kentucky and Virginia resolutions
    and, 1067, 1069, 1072
Civil rights, 448
Civil war: JM fears, 1983, 1986, 1989, 1992, 1995,
    1998
Claiborne, William Charles Colas: governor of
    Mississippi Territory, 1236, 12"; governor of
    Orleans Territory, 1304, 1333, 1336; cannot find
    Treaty of 1762, 1306; charters bank in New
    Orleans, 131& and bank failure. 1323; and St.
    Julien, 1328; and West Florida, 1329,1358; and
    Indian trade, 1329-30, and post roads, 1339;
    orders departure of former authorities, 1341; and
    legislative council, 1343; political adversaries of,
    1366; TJ on, 1367; and Casa Calvo, 1389, 1392,
    1402; and status quo in disputed areas, 1415 -16;
    and Wilkinson, 1456; and Folch, 1498; on public
    property in New Orleans, 1513 - 14, and
    navigation of Mississippi, 15 17; and prize sloop
    Guaddloupe, 1526, claims batture for United
    States, 1619; and merino sheep, 1649; mentioned,
    1337, 1340, 1434, 1528, 1531
Claims law, 1773, 1782
Clairfayt, General, 772
Clark, Abraham, 478, 943, 859
Clark, Christopher, 1423
Clark, Daniel: appointed to legislative council of
    Orleans territory, 1336, 1337, 1343; mentioned,
    1040, 1242, 1244, 1290, 1281, 1286, 1299, 1663,
    1664
Clark, George Rogers: and Henry Hamilton, 63, 77,
    78, 80, 90, and Oliver Pollock, 105, 107; western
    campaign of, 134; and Simon Nathan, 135;
    mentioned, 67, 71, 103, 159, 168
Clark. William, 1257,1480,1608
Clarke, Dr., 1522,1526
Clarke, Mr., 1512- 11~- , -
Clarke, Mr.: and Emden, 1278
Classes, social: JM on, soi
Claviere, Etienne, 735 - 36
Clay, Henry: Speaker of the House, 189 1; and
    Kentucky resolutions, 1990; and tariff of 1832,
    1992; and JM. 1997; mentioned, 1676, 1710, 1734
Clay, Joseph, 1190, 1191, 1666
Clay, Matthew, 769, 979, 980, 1042, 1052
Claypoole, David, 982
Clergy: order in Estates General, 616, 617, 624, 625
Clerisseau, Charles-Louis, 335, 384- 85
Clermont (estate), 1160
Cleveland, William, 1241, 1251
Clinton: Cornelis Tappen, 758, 829
Clinton DeWitt: and Mellimelli, 1411; and rebellious
    Tunisians, 1427, 1428, 1429, 1430, 1432, 1435,
    1436; runs against JM in 1812, 1685; mentioned,
    1198, 1440
Clinton, George: as Antifederalist, 579, 605; and
    New York gubernatorial election of 1792, 728; TJ
    doubts republicanism of, 731-32; runs for vice
    president in 1792, 744-45; and election of 1800,
    1129, 113 1; and Guadaloupe negroes, 1240;
    nominated for vice presidency, 1352, 1548;
    presidential ambitions of, 1548; turns against
    embargo, 1552; ignored by JM, 1650, defeats
    recharter of Bank of the United States, 1651; death
    of, 1685; Mentioned, 179, 873, 11", 1337, 1521
Clinton, Sir Henry: succeeds Howe as British
    commander, 58; captures Charleston, 127. 136,
    14 1; raids Chesapeake, 129; and mutiny of
    Pennsylvania Line, 157; mentioned, 160, 164, 193,
    198
Clock, pendulum, 494
Clopton, John, 1039, 1042
Cloture, 1677
Cloupet, Captain, 1275, 1284
Clymer, George, 478
Coaster, 685 - 87
Cobb, Gideon D., 1476
Cobbett, William, 907, 973, 1415, 1504. See also
    Porcupine's Gazelle
Cobham, Va., 159
Coburn, Mr., 1368
Cochran, Robert, 1464
Cochrane, Sir Alexander, 1731, 1753
Cockburn, Sir George, 1711, 1731Cocke, John Hartwell:
    and Central College, 1776, 1777, 1784, 1797, 
    1802, 1807; joins university
    Board of Visitors, 1790; and architectural plan, 
    1797 - 98; opposes Cooper's appointment, 1808; and
    sea kale, 1822; illness of, 1834, and Rotunda,
    1843, 1853, 1856, and faculty appointments, 1894,
    1908, 1938; and student discipline, 1920;
    mentioned, 1785, 1814, 1815, 1839, 1841
Cocke, Mr. (at Martinique), 1484,1485
Code d'humanite, 367
Codman, Richard, 1098
Coffee, John William, 1903-4
Cohen, William, 15
Cohens  vs. Virginia, 1849, 1864, 1865, 1866, 1870
Coit, Joshua, 996, 1003, 1042
Coke, Sir Edward, 278, 304, 319, 1916, 1922, 1958,
    1965
Colchester, Va., 765
Colchis, 737
Colden, Alexander, 612, 613
Colden, Cadwallader, 612
Colden, Henrietta Bethune, 612
Coleman, Samuel, 87
Coles, Catherine Thompson (Mrs. Isaac), 947
Coles, Edward, 8, 1776, 1782, 1789, 1998
Coles, Captain Isaac: TJ's private secretary, 1577;
    mission to France, 1594, 1597, 1599; and papers of
    Meriwether Lewis, 1609; on Smyth's debacle at
    Niagara, 1709, 1714-15, 1717; mentioned, 1602,
    1603, 1605, 1649
Coles, Colonel Isaac: elected to Congress, 605, 769;
    and Patrick Henry, 903; mentioned, 847
College of New Jersey: JM attends, 38.
College of Philadelphia (University of Pennsylvania),
    481
College of William and Mary. See William and
    Mary, College of
Collins, Thomas, 1263
Collot, Victor, 1003, 1042
Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, 648
Colonization: of emancipated slaves, 20, 22
Colorado River, 1327, 1329, 1396
Columbia, Va., 1475
Columbian Magazine, 506
Columbine (British ship), 1488
Comite, Le: carries military supplies for Virginia,
    134, 155, 160, 166, 173, 179, 193, 185, 188
Commager, Henry Steele: quoted, 92
Commercial depression of 1784-1785, 393
Commercial discrimination: Great Britain imposes, on
    American trade, 435; JM on need for, 593, 608,
    711, 834, 835 - 36, 837; Senate opposes, 593, 613,
    619 - 20; TJ on need for, 629
Commercial regulation: efforts to empower
    Confederation for, 313, 327-28, 380-81, 388,
    394-95; and call for Annapolis Convention, 404;
    TJ on necessity for, 410; JM on necessity for,
    414 - 15; under Constitution, 491, 503, 711 - 12,
    1409, 1448, 1976-77
Commercial report: by TJ, 831 - 3
Commercial treaties: Confederation and, 314; TJ drafts
    instructions for negotiating, 326 - 28; TJ and John
    Adams's efforts to negotiate, 417; with France, 593;
    proposed, with Great Britain, 593
Committee of the States: proposed, 309, 458; acts as
    executive during recess of Confederation Congress,
    329, 480; ineffectiveness of, 343 - 44; TJ inquires
    about, 365; dissolution of, 374; mentioned, 294,
    301,316,349
Committee on "the natural history of Hessian fly,"
    690
Committee on Ways and Means: creation of, 838,
    890, and Hamilton, 838; proposes new taxes, 941,
    842; and land tax, 963-64; mentioned, 845, 916-
    17
Common law, federal: Federalists claim jurisdiction
    under, 1064; Bache and Burk indicted under, 1068;
    TJ denies existence of, 1068; Republicans reject,
    1112; JM denies existence of, 1124, 1125, 1126; and
    Duane's indictment, 1183 - 84
Common law, state, 1121
Commons: order in Estates General, 616-17. See
    also Third Estate
Common Sense (Thomas Paine), 687
Compact Maritime (Thomas Paine), 1161
Compact theory: TJ on, 1069 - 70, 1082 - 83; JM
    disagrees with TJ on, 1109; Calhoun's definition
    of, 1980; JM's definition of, 1981, 1982
Compensation Law, 1782
Competitor (ship), 1912, 1924
Compromise of 1790: and location of national
    capital, 643-45, 768
Comptes rendus au Roi, 537
Conde-sur-l'Escaut, France, 794
Conditional termination of slavery, 16
Condorcet, Marie-Jean-Antoine-Nicolas de Caritat,
    marquis de, 544, 562, 583, 607
Condy, Jonathan Williams, 976
Congress Continental: rejects parliamentary authority
    over colonies, 42; recommends that Virginia establish
    provincial government, 48; votes for independence,
    49, 50; protests Virginia's retention of Continental
    arms, 65 - 66; adopts Virginia's plan for western land
    cessions, 130; recommends mid-Atlantic states
    supply southern army, 167; mentioned, 45,1287
    Confederation: and JM's proposal for Library of
    Congress, 14; finances of, 192; ratifies Treaty of
    Paris, 209; criticism of itinerant moves of, 27 1; TJ
    favors strengthening of, 32 1; JM favors
    strengthening of, 387-88; and commercial
    regulations, 388; defaults on Dutch loan, 453;
    expires, 590 Federal: adopts thirty-day embargo
    against Great Britain, 826; debates nonimportation
    bill, 827; considers change of meeting place, 828;
    amends excise tax in 1792, 850; votes to implement
    Jay's treaty, 894; special session in 1797, 968, 982,
    983; enacts defense and internal security program
    in 1798, 1003 - 4; funds Louisiana negotiations,
    1255; funds Lewis and Clark expedition, 1257;
    enacts retaliatory measures against British
    impressment officers, 1359; requires armed U.S.
    merchant ships to post bond, 1363 - 64; funds
    Florida negotiations, 1400; passes Nonimportation
    Act, 1409; passes Embargo Act, 1504, 155 1;
    enacts defense measures, 1506 - 7; JM on
    "unhinged state" of, 1626; dominated by war
    hawks, 1676, 1677, 1727; declares war, 1680;
    excludes British seamen from American vessels,
    1730; Virginia Board of Visitors petitions, 1836-
    37; passes "Tariff of Abominations," 1979
Congressional Register, 607
Congress of Vienna, 1753, 1758, 1763
Connecticut: and Revolutionary finances, 138;
    western land claims of, 2 10; and revenue system
    of 1783, 237; TJ visits, 285, 321; rejects paper
    money, 430, ratifies Constitution, 504, 508, 519,
    53 1; federal lawsuits in, 1217; in election of
    1804,1352; opposes Embargo Act, 1551
Connecticut Historical Society, 1010
Connecticut River, 670, 687
Conrad's Hotel, 1161
Constable, William, 697
Constantine (prince of Russia),
    134
Constantinople, 1095, 1308
Constellation (U.S. frigate),  1128
Constitutional construction, 31, 32-35
Construction Construed and Constitutions Vindicated
    (John Taylor), 1851
Constitution, federal: JM sends copy to TJ, 445;
    relation of, to American Revolution and
    Declaration of Independence, 595; as functional.
    Bill of Rights, 596; as culmination of American
    Revolution, 600; TJ on, 1164; JM praises forty
    years under, 1773
Constitution (U.S. warship), 1234,1685, 1689
Constitutional Convention: call for, issued by Annapolis
    Convention, 396; JM's preparation for, 439 - 42; JM's
    "Notes of Debates" of, 444, 68 1, 1640; TJ on need
    for, 458; meets in secret sessions, 478, 490, 892; JM
    outlines provisions of, 490-91; JM describes work of,
    496-504,1851; movement for second, 520,521, 551-
    52, 554, 580; JM on danger of second, 550;
    opposition to second, 567, 579; federal elections
    thwart calling of, 582; Theodorick Bland favors, 594;
    unpublished journal of, 681; and Hamilton's plan,
    1640-41; mentioned, 281
Continental army, 139, 140
Continental Association, 42, 48
Continental Board of War, 174
Continental currency: depreciation of, 125 - 26, 174,
    181, 196; exchange rate in Virginia, 149- 50, and
    state redemption of, 156; TJ on lack of, 175 - 76,
    184, collapse of, 176, 195, 196; Congress reports
    on, 314- 15, 316-17; mentioned, 3 10- 11
Continental finances: and state requisitions, 142 - 43,
    144-45
Continuous voyage: doctrine of, 1360, 1413 - 14
Convention army. See Saratoga prisoners
Convention of 1800: ends quasi war, 1142, 1180,
    1200, 1207; arrives in United States. 1154; TJ on,
    1156, 1170; JM on, 1158, 1159, 1198; and British
    snow Windsor, 1185; ratification of, 1190, 1196;
    expenses to implement, 1215; mentioned, 1151,
    1169
Cook, Orchard, 1553-54
Cooper, Richard, 1219
Cooper, Thomas: represents Duane, 1115; indicted
    for seditious libel, 1116; political pamphlet by,
    113 1; on admiralty courts, 1637, 163 9; TJ's
    appraisal of, 1638; and Central College, 1788,
    1789 -90, 1799-1800, 1801, 1802, 1803, 1807; visits 
    Monticello, 1804; appointed professor at Virginia, 
    1799, 1808, 1909, 1810, 1816; resigns teaching 
    post, 1818; payment of, 1822; does not reapply at 
    Virginia, 1883; and controversy with William 
    Johnson, 1868; at South Carolina College,1890-
    91; mentioned, 1813, 1904, 1910 
Cooper, Mrs. Thomas, 1813 
Cooper's Town, N.Y., 1219 
Copenbagen,1600,1601 
Copernicus, 1879 
Copper mines, 1219 
Copying press, 381, 412, 414, 465, 474, 487 
Corbin, Francis, 404, 509, 534, 743 
Corcoran, Thomas, 1465 
Cork acorns, 529, 542 
Cork, Ireland, 1278 
Corn: crop in 1784, 339; price in 1785, 371, 375; 
    price in 1786, 408,416, 420-21, 457; crop in 1787, 
    484, 49 1; crop in 1799, 353; guinea, from 
    Jamaica, 693, 694; crop in 1792, 738; crop in 
    1793, 794, 798, 799, 900, 810, price in 1794, 958, 
    860, 965; price in 17%, 918, 928, 932; proposed 
    embargo on, 931; price in 1805, 1379; crop in 
    1806, 1425, 1428-29, 1430, 1438; crop of 100, 
    1604; crop of 1810, 1638; crop of 1812, 1695; crop 
    of 1813. 1723; crop of 1814,1741; crop of 
    1817, 1781; supplied to West Indies by evasion of 
    embargo, 157
Cornell, Ezekiel, 196
Cornwallis, Charles, first marquis and second earl:
    captures Charleston, 127; commands British
    troops in South, 141, 172-73, 176, 177; surrenders
    at Yorktown, 202, 204; exchanged for Laurens,
    224; mentioned, 218
Corporations, 1921
Correa de Serra, Abbe Jose Francisco, 1804, 1809,
    1826
Corruption, 727
Cortes, Hernando, 840, 841
Corunna  (La Coruna), Spain, 1133
Cosway, Maria, 13, 400, 602
Coulaux Is Vigne (Vigna), J., 185
Council of State. See Virginia Executive Council
Courier (London paper), 1665 - 66
Courier dEurope (French merchant ship), 163
Courts of assize: established in Virginia, 330- 31,
    355- 56, 374; suspended, 394, 404; repealed, 438,
    456
Cowper, William, 3
Cox, James M., 4
Coxe, Charles D., 1191, 1192
Coxe, Tench: assistant secretary of treasury, 679,
    700; writes A Brief Examination of Lord Sheffield's
    Observations. . . , 701, 703, 704; Federalists
    dismiss, 1012, 1157; TJ appoints as supervisor,
    1231; letter from, 1425, 18 8; writes memoir on
    cotton manufactories, 1806, 1807; and Tenure of
    Office Act, 1825, 1826; on Missouri crisis, 1828;
    mentioned, 702, 766, 869, 997, 1191, 1251, 1272,
    1301, 1857            
Craig, Sir James Henry, 1690
Cramond, John, 186
Cranberries, 493, 508, 529
Cramner, Mr. See Cramond, John
Cranz, David, 734
Craunch, Mr., 1274
Craven, John, 1148
Crawford, William H.: and recharter of Bank of
   	United States, 1651; mentioned, 1213, 1747-48,
    1752, 1880, 1991, 1991
Credit: TJ on national need for, 536- 37
Creek Indian% 507, 779, 787
Crevecoeur, Michel-Guillaume St. Jean de, 532,
    562
Crockett, Joseph, 96, 105
Cromwell, Oliver, 1899
Crop rotation: TJ on, 789-91, 948; Logan on, 96I
Cross, Jeanne, 1270
Cross, Ralph, 1251
Crowninshield, Benjamin Williams, 1733
Crowninshield, Jacob, 1492, 1496
Cuba: TJ on acquisition of, 1452, 1568, 1583, 1586;
    Turreau's reaction to TJ's interest in, 1587
Cuisagues, Mr., 1336
Cullen, Professor, 1903
Culpeper, Va., 148, 708, 1524, 1932
Cumberland, Richard, 200
Cumberland, Va., 155
Cumberland Road, 1427
Cummings, Alexander, 81
Cunningham, Noble E., Jr.: quoted, 1364
Curacao, 169, 1472
"Curtius" (pseudonym: Noah Webster and James
    Kent), 897
Curwen, Samuel, 58
Cushing, William, 919, 1620,1646
Custis, George Washington Parke, 701
Custom duties: and Hamiltonian system, 710-11
Cutts, Anna Payne, 1362
Cutts, Richard, 1362



D
    
Dade, Mr., 1527
Dade, W. A. C.: considered for law professorship at
    university, 1916, 1932, 1937 - 39, 1940, 1964
Dalbarton, M.: alias for Jerome Bonaparte, 1275
D'Albon, Claude Camille Francois, comte, 485
Dale, Richard, 1170, 1197, 1259
Dallas, Alexander James: and Genet, 775, 813; and
    Duane case, 1115, 1182, 1183, 1184, 1190, 119 1;
    on Jackson's case, 1228; and New Jersey, 1393; and
    recharter of Bank of the United States, 1736; and
    white paper on War of 1812, 1756, 1762, 1773;
    mentioned, 1363, 1733, 1737
Dalton, Tristram, 579, 1373, 1375
Damen, John, 1340
Dana, Francis: minister to Russia, 262; delegate to
    Constitutional Convention, 469; nominated envoy
    to France, 978, 983; mentioned, 250,374,1099
Danbury, Conn., 1128
Dandridge, Bartholemew, 371
Dane, Nathan, 505
Dangerfield, George: quoted, 1984
Danish West Indies, 1261, 1488
D'Anmours, Charles Francois, chevalier, 67, 109,
    116
D'Arendt, Henri Leonard Philip, Baron, 135, 155,
    161, 163
Dartmouth College case, 1913
Daschkoff, Andre de, 1594, 1595, 1596- 97, 1602
D'Aubenton, Louis-Jean-Marie, 421, 425
Dauer, Manning J.: quoted, 1114
Daugherty, Joseph, 1627, 1637, 1638, 1765
David, Jacques-Louis, 1774
Davie, William R., 478, 1154, 1155, 1158
Davis, Augustine, 831
Davis, David Brion: quoted, 15, 16
Davis, George: and treaty with Tunis, 1214; and
    Mellimelli, 1403; consul in Tripoli, 1511;
    mentioned, 1281, 1340, 1341
Davis, Isaac, Jr., 1134
Davis, John, 1495
Davis, Jonathan, 1476
Davis, Judge, 1236
Davis, Matthew Livingston, 1197-98, 1199
Davis, Mr.: and La Plata provinces, 1243
Davis, Thomas T., 1197
Davis, William, 178, 185, 188
Dawidoff, Robert: quoted, 3-4
Dawson, John: opposes tariff, 534; and JM, 890,
    1019,1123,1125,1150, and "Liston's plot," 992;
    on election in 1800, 1147; and Convention of 1800,
    1190, 1214, 1278; and Jerome Bonaparte, 1276:
    allowance for, 1292; mentioned, 984, 1046, 1089,
    1275
Dawson, Mr., 1841
Dayton, Jonathan: and sequestration of British debts,
    826, 838; reelected, 870; Speaker of the House,
    906; joins Federalists, 1020, and Burr conspiracy,
    1444, 1445; mentioned, 902, 978, 1486
Dean, Joseph, 1465
Deane, Silas: and alliance with France, 53; returns to
    United States, 630, mentioned, 203, 304, 319, 321,
    337
Dearborn, Henry: appointed secretary of war, It 67,
    1174, 1175; recommends Gilman, 1179; health of,
    1241; goes to Philadelphia, 1225; and Santo
    Domingo blacks, 1248; and intruders on public
    lands, 1303; and TJ, 1376, 1387, 1416, 1540,1707;
    and Miranda case, 1407, 1425; orders expulsion of
    Spanish forces, 1416; remains in Washington,
    1422; investigates British fort on isthmus, 1434;
    and Bayou Pierre, 1473; and Burr conspiracy,
    1475; and flags of truce, 1482; proposes army plan,
    1483; and enlistment of foreign deserters, 1489,
    1523; and Pike's expenses, 1493; and Bishop
    Carroll, 1495; and Judge Woodward, 1498; posts
    troops near Floridas and Texas, 1508, 1533; in
    Maine, 1527; orders intruders off Indian lands.
    1574; and Indian school, 1575, 1612 - 13; and son's
    military commission, 1578; on Bidwell, 1646, as
    general in War of 1812, 1682, 1683, 1684,1702,
    1703, 1717, 1739; on De Is Croix, 1686; and
    military stores in Virginia, 1697; relieved of
    command, 1713; and Charles Jouett, 1767; and
    embargo, 1896; mentioned, 1244, 1259, 1484,
    1514, 1522, 1523, 1705
Dehnam, Mr., 908
Debtors, 415, 429
Decatur, Stephen: commander of Norfolk navy yard
    1449-50, and interdicted British vessels, 1482,
    1492, 1497; and treaty with Algiers, 1779;
    mentioned, 1725
"Decius" (pseudonym: John Randolph), 1423
Declaration of Independence: TJ on, 2,1164-65;
    antislavery views in draft of, 18; political principal
    in, 49-50; adoption of, 51; TJ sends copy to JM,
    234, 249; principles of, implemented by
    Constitution, 595; amount of time to compose,
    1164; TJ's reputation as author of, 1845-47; TJ on
    fiftieth anniversary of, 1961, 1973; mentioned,
    1918, 1924
Declaration of Independence, The (painting), 1774,
    1878
"Declaration of the Causes and Necessity for Taking Up
    Arms " (TJ) 46-47, 50
Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen:
    and Lafayette collaborate on, 528, 603, 627, 631
Deer, 391, 421  -
Deer park, 857
Defence oft he Constitutions of Gavernment of the
    United States of America, A  (John Adams), 478-
    79, 688
Deference: John Adams on, 669
Defiance (British warship), 136
Definition of Paryies, A  (John Taylor), 844
Degen, Charles Frederic, 1522
De Grasse, Francois-Joseph-Paul, comte, 200
Dejean, Philip, 74, 75, 95, 118
De Is Croix, Jacques Vincent, 1686
De Is Forest, Antoine-Rene-Charles-Mathurin, 5 IS,
    833
Delaware: JM denounces, 187; favors impost, 232,
    263; and revenue system of 1783, 238; ratifies
    Constitution, 451, 508, 515, 519, 530, election of
    1795 in, 899; federal lawsuits in, 1217; election
    of 1804 in, 1352
Delaware Bay, 190
Delaware River, 429, 1188, 1253, 1309, 1666
Delvahar, Mr., 1336
Demobilization: after Revolution, 233, 235
    Democratic-Republican party. See Republican party
Democratic societies: oppose Jay as envoy to
    England, 843; and Whiskey Rebellion, 852, 853 -
    54; JM on, 861-64; Washington denounces, 892
Democratic Society of Philadelphia, 756-57, 804
Democracy: JM on simple, 500-1; Edmund Burke
    denounces, 668
Denmark, 1600
De Peyster, Mr., 1474
De Ponceau, Mr., 1437
Derbigny, Pierre Auguste Charles Bourguignon,
    1343
Derieux, Justin Pierre Plumard, 1278,1280,1281,
    1282, 1283, 1306
Descamps, Jacob, 1475
Desforneaux, Edme-Etienne Borne, 1096
Despinville, Count, 1686
Dessalines, Jean-Jacques, 1348
Destouches, Charles-Reni-Dominique Gochet,
    Chevalier, 133, 154, 165, 166, 167, 179
Destrehan, Jean Noel, 1343
Detourt, Mr., 1485
Detrahan, Mr. See Destrehan, Jean Noel
Detroit: speculation in lands near, 905-6; Father
    Richard's school at, 1575, 1611; Hull surrenders,
    1683, 1703; recapture of, 1712; mentioned, 1347,
    1524, 1702
Dexter, Samuel: and elections of 17%, 859, 866; and
    Naturalization Act of 1795, 869; and election of
    1795, 870-71, 872-73; continues temporarily in
    Treasury Department under TJ, 1174
Dey of Algiers, 1263, 1265, 1779, 1782
Dick, Elisha Cullen, 1465
Dickerson, Mahlon, 1331, 1334, 1336
Dickinson, John: collaborates with TJ on "Causes
    and Necessity for Taking Up Arms;" 46-47;
    president of Supreme Executive Council of
    Pennsylvania, 320, delegate to Constitutional
    Convention, 478; writes as "Fabius," 982;
    mentioned, 1287
Dickson, Harold E.: quoted, 648
Dictionnaire historique et bibliographie partarif
    (Ladvocat), 647
Diderot, Denis, 13
Diffusion of slavery: TJ and JM advocate, 24-25
Digges, Dudley, 60
Dinmore, Richard, 1465
Dinsmore, James, 1540, 1546, 1570, 1583, 1858
Directory, French, 1052, 1057
Direct taxes, 917
"Discourses on Davila" (John Adams), 688, 691
Dismal Swamp, 407, 429
District courts in Virginia, 467, 532
District of Columbia: as location of national capital,
    659-61, 662, 764-65
Disunion: Patrick Henry and, 534
Divers, George, 1727, 1794, 1805, 1814, 1822
Divers. Mr., 1148
Diverting.History of John Bull and Brother Jonathan,
    The (Paulding), 1686, 1706
Division of powers: between federal and state
    governments, 446, 496; TJ on, 458; debates in
    Constitutional Convention on, 498-502
Dixon, John, 687
Dobbyns, Mr., 546-47
Dobell, Peter, 1301
Dobson, Thomas, 871
Dodge, John, 74
Dodge, Mr. (consul at Marsailles), 1858
Dogs, shepherd, 1640, 1641, 1642
Dogwood trees, 511
Dohrman, Arnold Henry: U.S. agent in Lisbon,
    479-50, and debt to Mazzei, 548, 676, 684, 700,
    702, 858, 859, 879, 918; pays debt, 928, 933;
    mentioned, 484, 492
Dohrman, Mr. (brother of Arnold), 684
Donald, Alexander, 492, 507, 532, 542
Donath, Joseph, 1047
Donath, Josiah, 871, 874
Don Quixote, 1680, 1697
Doradour, Comte, 372, 387
Dorchester, Guy Carlton, Lord: and Nootka Sound
    incident, 646-47; governor-general of Canada,
    680; Beckwith as agent for, 681-83; predicts war
    between Indians and United States, 845. See also
    Carleton, Sir Guy
Doublehead (chief of Chickasaws), 1575
Dougherty, Joseph. See Daugherty, Joseph
Douglas, Captain, 1276
Douglas, Mr., 722
Doury, Mr., 1520
Dow, Robert, 1336, 1337, 1343
Draft, military, 67
Drayton, William, 529
Drew, Elizabeth, 7
Driver (British frigate), 1463, 1498
Drought, 730
Drummond, Captain, 1378
Drummond, Sir Gordon, 1684, 1751
Duane, James, 542
Duane, William: condemned by Senate, 1115, 1116,
    1128-29, 1190, 1191; indicted under Sedition
    Law, 1172, 1182-83, 1184, 1190, 1654; indicted
    for stealing Liston's dispatches, 1182 - 83; on
    acquisition of Louisiana, 1276, 1280; TJ's appraisal
    of, 1283 - 84; attacks Gallatin, 1650, 1652, 1654;
    and Robert Smith, 1655; TJ tries to raise money
    for, 1666; breaks with JM, 1668, publishes white
    paper on War of 18 12, 1758; mentioned, 1277,
    1278
Dublin, Ireland, 353
Dubuys, Mr., 1336, 1343
Dudley, Benjamin, 304, 313, 319
Dudley, Thomas, 130D
Duer, William, 737, 766, 768
Duffield, George, 1365
Dugan, Mr., 1324
Dumas, Charles William Frederic: U.S. agent at The
    Hague, 250, 453, 482, 491
Dumfries, Va., 1332
Dumouriez, Charles-Francois du Perier: defects to
    Austrians, 782-83, 795, 788, 938; mentioned, 736,
    776,  779, 819
Dunbar, Mr., 1524
Dunbar, Robert, 1044
Duncansern, Mr., 1425
Duncanson, Major, 1780
Duncanson, Mr. (nephew of Major Duncanson),
    1780     
Dundas, Henry, Lord Melville, 1472
Dunglison, Robley: onTJ and JM's relationship, 12,
    26-27; attends TJ during final illness, 1961,
    1972-73; mentioned, 1886, 1908, 1910, 1911
Dunkirk, France, 829
Dunlop, John, 143-44, 166, 766, 768, 802
Dunmore, Lord. See Murray, John, fourth earl of
Duplaine, Antoine Charbormet, 812-13
Duplantier, Armand, 1425, 1631
Dupont, Francois, 819
Du Pont, Victor, 1055, 1057
Du Pont de l'Etang, Pierre-Antoine, Comte 1546
Du Pont de Nemours, Eleuthere, Irenee, 1770
Du Pont de Nemours, Marie Francoise Robin Poivre
    (Mrs. Pierre-Samuel), 1133
Du Pont de Nemours, Pierre-Samuel: negotiates
    commercial treaty between France and England,
    544; sends pamphlet to JM, 562; JM's appraisal of,
    1134; intermediary in Louisiana negotiations,
    1253, 1262; to come to United States, 1369; on
    claims under Convention of 1800, 1376- 77 and
    national plan of education, 1603, 1604; on
    government finances, 1659; visits Monticello, 1770;
    mentioned, 1133, 1225, 1228, 1247, 1554
Durand, Asher Brown, 1878
Durfes, Thomas, 1300
Dutch East Indies, 1447
Dutch loan (of 1793), 798
Dutch Luthern Church (Philadelphia), 205
Duties,import. in first Congress, 612, 613, 619-19
Duvall, Gabriel, 1153, 1363, 1861
Duvall, John Pierce, 96
Dynamometer, 1625



E 
  
Earle, Elias, 1738-39 
Early, Passhall, 1134 
Earthquakes: near New Madrid, Mo., 1687
Eastburn & Co., 1901 
Eastern Junto. See Essex Junto Eastern Shore, 190,
    662-63 
East Florida: fugitive slaves in, 507; negotiations to 
    acquire, 1327-28, 1354-55, 1396; plans for 
    temporary possession of, 1661; TJ on, 1689; 
    Amelia Island seized, 1692, 1694; Spain cedes to
    United States, 1806; Andrew Jackson invades,
    1808
Easton, Md., 1300
Easton, Rufus, 1365, 1471
Eastwoode v. Vinke, 722
Eaton, William: consul at Tunis, 1191; TJ's appraisal
    of, 1193; and treaty with Tunis, 1214; and
    Cathcart, 1228, 1267; JM's instructions to, 1240,
    and Tunisian demand for frigate, 1265; critical of
    naval commanders, 1267; accounts of, 1430 - 31 ; 
    Burr offers military command to, 1443; mentioned,
    1194, 1213, 1244, 1301
Edinburgh, Scotland, 1789, 1886, 1906, 1909
Edinburgh Review. 1896
Education: and preservation of liberty, 514, 1821
Edwards, Brian, 321
Edwards, H. W., 1480
Edwards, John, 739
Edwards, Jonathan, 552
Edwards, Pierpont: and Miranda trial, 1432;
    mentioned, 1179, 1423, 1424, 1434
Egglestone, Joseph, 5 17
Ehrenpreis, Irvin, 7
Eilbeck, Jonathan, 199
Elections: of 1792, 745; of 1793, 768-69; of 1796,
     940, 942-48; of 1800, 1112, 1117, 1125, 1129,
     1134, 1137-44, 1165; of 1804, 1294; of 1812,
     1654-55, 1667, 1685, 1705
Electoral college, 605, 1891
Eleventh Amendment, 1873, 1982
Elizabeth River, 1492, 1493, 1711, 1720
Elizabethtown, N.J., 1469
Elk Hill (TJ's plantation), 177
Elk Run Church, Va., 737, 1226
Elkton, Md., 144, 190, 200, 664, 789, 831
Ellicott, Andrew, 660, 737
Elliot, James, 1250
Elliot, Mr., 1318
Elliot, Robert, 81
Elliott, Professor, 1905
Ellis, Richard: quoted, 12 18
Ellsworth, Dorothy (Mrs. Verdine), 689, 690, 691
Ellsworth, Oliver: delegate to Constitutional
    Convention, 478; Connecticut senator, 579; and
    election of 1796, 952-, envoy to France, 1099; and
    disputed elections, 1114; resigns as chief justice,
    1141, 1154; and Convention of 1800, 1158
Ellsworth, Verdine, 694
Elluots Mills, 1519
Elmer, Jonathan, 379
Elzey, Dr., 1372
Emancipation of slaves, 21
Embargo: in Virginia (1779),118-19; in
    Pennsylvania (1781), 189; TJ's early views on, 366;
    Resolutions of 1794, 834, 836- 37, 841, 843, 845;
    JM endorses idea off 1796).918-19; JM on
    efficacy of (1805). 1385, as prelude to war (1812),
    1678, 1691, 1692, 1693
Embargo Act; passed by Congress (1807), 1504;
    enforcement of, 1506-8; TJ's draft of embargo
    message, 1512-13; JM's draft, 1513; smuggling to
    avoid, 1532; as issue in election of 1808, 1548 - 49;
    debates over continuance, 1550- 52; repeal of,
    1552; effect in England, 1581; JM laments repeal
    of, 1616, 1627; spurs domestic manufacturing,
    1621; TJ laments repeal of, 1638; secret mission of
    John Henry during, 1690; TJ on origin of,
    1895-96
Embden. See Emden, Germany
Emden, Germany, 1278
Emmet, John Patton: appointed at Virginia, 1929;
    and botanical school, 1970-, and enlargement of
    duties, 1971; mentioned, 1886, 1910, 1911, 1912,
    1922, 1928, 1940, 1959, 1962, 1963
Emmius, Ubbo, 495
Emperor of Morocco: seizes American ship 380
    treaty with, 463; and Simpson, 1267; JM on in
    aggressions of, 1302; confirms treaty of 1786, 1303;
    mentioned, 1210,1231, 1232, 1233
Encyclopedie methodique. sketch of JM in, 13, 437 -
    38; prints Virginia Statute for Religious Freedom,
    394, 458-59; JM on, 413-14, 419; mentioned,
    15, 332, 353, 410-11, 460, 495-96, 610
    England: declares war on Netherlands, 169;
    insurrections in, 514; credit rating of, 536. See also
    Great Britain
Enquiry into the Principles and Tendency of Certain
    Public Measures, An (John Taylor), 760
Entail, abolition of law of, 54
Enterprise (U.S. schooner), 1228
Envoys to France: John Adams appoints, 978; Gerry
    replaces Dana, 983; Talleyrand ends discussions
    with, 1009; Gerry stays after others leave, 1009,
    1057, 1062; in Paris, 1014, 1022; JM on difficulties
    facing negotiators, 10 18 - 19; dispatches published,
    1035; JM on XYZ affair, 105 1, 1056; instructions to,
    1061; Adams declares negotiations ended, 1062;
    Gerry's dispatches published, 1094, 1096; Adams
    appoints second mission, 1075, 1097, 1098 - 99,
    1132 - 33, 1149, 1200, TJ on, 1112, 1123, 1133-
    34, 1150
Epilepsy, 14
Eppes, Francis, 355, 562, 589, 649
Eppes, John Wayles: marries Maria Jefferson, 994;
    TJ visits, 1137; visits Monticello, 4145; mentioned,
    1145, 1160, 1636, 1745
Eppes, Lucy, 1636
Eppes, Maria Jefferson (TJ's daughter): has accident,
    995, 1120-, visits Monticello, 1133, 1138, 1145; TJ
    visits, 1137; TJ contrasts family with political life for,
    1143; death of, 1296-97, 1323; illness of, 1304,
    1307, 1309, 13 10; mentioned. 1143. See also
    Jefferson, Maria
Eppington (plantation), 1607
Erfurt, 1534
Erie Canal, 1881
Ernest, Mathew, 1611
Erskine, David Montagu: quoted, 1074; British minister
    to United States, and Chesapeake affair, 1450,
    1482, 1499; and Cambrian affair, 1462 - 63;
    demands reparations for water casks, 1488; and
    alleged enlistment of British deserters, 1489, 1490;
    letter to, 1498; and Clarke's claim, 1512; and British
    claims in Mississippi Territory, 1517; and
    prize sloop Guadaloupe, 1526-27; and Bailey's
    letter, 1531; and Rose mission, 1534; TJ on style
    of, 1545; negotiates Erskine Agreement, 1566,
    1569-70, 1571; agreement disavowed by Canning,
    1571, 1587, 1591, 1597; and Oakley, 1581; JM on
    agreement, 1584-85,1662; TJ on, 1585-86.
    recalled, 1599; mentioned, 1446
Erskine, Thomas, 982
Erving, George William: TJ's apraisal of,1152;
    consul at London, 1179; as  claims ahent under 
    Jay's treaty, 1220- 21, 1670- 72; letter from, 1371,
    1373,1520-, on Monroe's arrival in London, 1384,
    1385; as charge d'affaires in Madrid, 1385, 1389,
    1392; and expulsion of Yrujo, 1426-27; on
    Bonaparte's attitude towards United States, 1500;
    and Mobile area, 1522; and Joseph Bonaparte,
    1579,159 1; and Hackley, 1582; visits TJ and JM,
    1645; Robert Smith's charges against, 1670-,
    mentioned, 1153, 1213, 1226, 1314, 1341, 1544 
Erwin, Mr. See Erving, George William E
Escheat law, 406 
Esopus spitzenburg apples, 511 
Essex (U.S. frigate), 1428,1429,1657,1665,1670
Essex case: in British admiralty court, 1359-60, 
    1389, 1398, 14O9, 1410 
Essex Junto, 1590, 1690, 1730
Estaing, Chorles-Hector, comte d', 165, 411, 658
Estates General: to be convened in Paris, 453, 486,
    527, 528, 567, 589; maneuvering in, 600- 1; and
    Louis XVI, 602, 625; three orders in, 610, 616;
    mentioned, 440
Etruria, 1208
European diplomacy: TJ reports on, from France,
    460
Eustis, William: secretary of war, 1688; replaced by
    Armstrong , 1708, 1714; mentioned, 1559, 1694,
    1697, 4761
Evans, Emory G.: quoted, 725
Evans, Thomas, 979, 999, 1029
Eve, George, 591
Everett, Edward, 1859, 1987
Everlasting apples, 511
Ewell, James, 1713
Ewing, Nathaniel, 1348
Examination of the British Doctrine ... An. . .
    (JM), 1408
Examination. . . Respecting the Official Conduct of
    the Secretary of the Treasury, An (John Beckley),
    766
Excise tax: unpopularity of, 729, 850, 867, 869, 873,
    917
Expatriation, 723, 1983
Extended republic: JM's theory of, 448 - 49, 500 - 2
Extradition, 721



F
    
"Fabius" (pseudonym: John Dickinson), 982
Faction: Hamilton calls Republicans a, 714, 735
Fairfax, Thomas, sixth lord, 406
Fairfax County, Va., 504
Fairfax Courthouse, Va., 1176, 1177, 1226
Fairfax Purchase, 9 17
Falkland Islands, 800
Falls of Delaware: and location of national capital,
    268
Falls of Potomac: and location of national capital,
    268
Falmouth, England, 1544
Falmouth, Me., 1300
Fame, 2, 3
Farley, Joseph, 1250
Farmers General: and Virginia tobacco, 364; and
    tobacco monopoly in France, 458, 515; debts owed
    to, 486
Farmington: designed by TJ. 1794
Farrand, Max: quoted, 5 18
Fauchet, Jean Antoine Joseph: replaces Genet, 833;
    JM on, 835, 837; requests recall of Gouverneur
    Morris, 94 1; and French loan, 846; publishes
    pamphlet, 1013
Fauquier County, Va., 708
Fauquier's Courthouse, Va., 1524
Favri, Simon, 1336,1337
Fayette County, Ky., 553
Febiger, Christian, 183, 188, 193-94
Federal city: loan for, 929. See also District of
    Columbia; Washington, D.C.
Federal common law. See Common law, federal
Federal district. See District of Columbia
Federal government: inauguration of, 552
Federalist, The.- No. 38, 2; JM's contributions to, 4,
    519, 548, 1918; No. 10, 29, 448-49, 501, 1353,
    1999; No. 49, 29-30; No. 39, 34, 1851, 1869, 1989;
    JM on legislative sovereignty in, 441; No. 37, 496;
    No. 45, 499-500; JM sends, to TJ, 524, 551; No.
    62, 652; published in France, 747; Marshall on
    authority of, 1872; Edward Livingston cites, 1988;
    mentioned, 809, 809, 1924-25
Federalists: TJ labels, as Monocrats, 746, 747, 766,
    789, 839, 996; TJ on distinctions  between, and
    Republicans, 747, 774; JM labels, as Anglican
    party, 758; oppose JM's discriminatory duties,
    824-25; denounce Democratic societies, 852; JM
    calls, "a British party," 884, 990, 969, 982, 996,
    1599; support Jay's treaty, 885, 893 - 94; Marshall
    as one, 888; JM equates, with "Aristocracy,
    Anglicanism, and mercantilism," 937; JM calls,
    British faction, 943, 952, 962; choose John Adams
    in 1796, 940, TJ calls, "Antirepublicans," 970,
    976, 1013, 1017; TJ calls, "Anglican, monarchical,
    and aristocratical party," 971, 1122, 1862, 1863;
    TJ on, as advocates of executive power, 996; and
    XYZ affair, 1002-3, 1006; split on celebration of
    Washington's birthday, 1024; split into Adams
    Federalists and High Federalists, 1097, 1099,
    1100, 1110, 1118; and constitutional defense of
    Alien and Sedition laws, 1100-7, 1987; legislative
    attempt to retain power, 1113-14; TJ calls,
    "Consolidationers," 1118, 1917; attempt to
    manipulate election returns in 1800, 1140, 1141,
    1142, 1143-44, 1154, 1157; Adams dismisses a
    Hamiltonians in cabinet, 1141; vote for Burr over
    TJ, 1142, 1143-44, 1156, 1161; TJ appeals to, in
    inaugural address, It 65; satiric attack on, by TJ,
    1364; critical of embargo system, 1507, 1509, 1531,
    1538-39; nominate C. C. Pinckney and Rufus
    King in 1808, 1548; and Erskine Agreement, 1571,
    1590; gain seats in 1809,1585; and Olmstead case,
    1598; oppose War of 1812, 1682, 1696, 1698, 1700,
    1702
Federal negative: JM proposes, 442, 444, 445-49,
    470, 498-502; TJ opposes, 442-43, 480-81
Federal-state relations: JM on, 1849-51, 1868-69,
    1874-75, 1956-57; TJ on, 1863-64, 1865-66;
    Marshall on, 1864; Roane on 1864; mentioned,
    1980-82, 1985-87, 1989, 1991-92, 1993-94,
    1995-96, 1997-98
Federal supremacy: JM on l996, 2000
Federal veto: JM inserts in draft Bill of Rights, 597
Felice, Fortune Barthelemy de, 352
Fenner, Arthur, 1152
Fenno, John: TJ's appraisal of, 699, 878; attacks
    Edmund Randolph 904, denounces Monroe's
    vindication, 1013; prints Adams's answers to
    addresses, 1039, 1044; denies speculation by
    congressmen, 1726; mentioned, 672, 735, 791, 802,
    807, 1004, 1049, 1065
Fenwick, Thomas, 1465
Ferdinand VII (king of Spain), 1527, 1530, 1579,
    1606, 1608
Ferns, 391
Ferrand, Marie-Louis: decree of, 1369, 1370- 71; TJ
    on, 1371; mentioned, 1414, 1468
Feudal constitutions, 499-500
Few, William, 478, 1326
Findley, William, 1052
Fine arts: TJ's interest in, 37
Finnic, William, 72, 82, 184, 188
Firearms, 65-66, 73
First Amendment: TJ on, 1080- 81; Federalists'
    views on, 1104; mentioned, 1918. See also Hill of
    Rights, federal; Freedom of the press; Freedom of
    religion
Fisher, Daniel, 705
Fisher, Mr., 637
Fisheries, 608,1882
Fitzherbert, Alleyne, 219
Fitzherbert, Mana Anne, Lady, 1698
Fitzhugh, Daniel and Theodorick, TJ's loan to, 381,
    414, 460, 468, 482, 485-86, 487, 1226; mentioned,
    384, 413
Fitzhugh, Daniel McCarty, 434
Fitzhugh, Theodorick, 434
Fitzhugh, William, 605, 660
Fitzpatrick, Thomas, 1347
Fitzsimmons, Thomas: delegate to Constitutional
    Convention, 478; and Proclamation of Neutrality,
    775; opposes commercial discrimination, 834; and
    Democratic societies, 851, 861; defeated by
    Swanwick, 860; mentioned, 230, 694, 1236, 1326,
    1340
FitzSimons, Thomas. See Fitzsimmons, Thomas
Flags of truce: for TJs trip to France in 1782, 220;
    mentioned, 83, 120, 224
Flanagans, Messrs., 1402
Fleming, Mr.: TJ's merchant neighbor, 861
Fleming, William, 62, 70, 96
"Fletcher of  Saltoun," 1864
Floridablanca, Jose Monino y Redondo, count de.
    463
Floridas: in Louisiana negotiations, 1255, 1270, 1282;
    JM on right to acquire, 1289, 129(): TJ on right to
    acquire, 1290,1586; and "Blount conspiracy,"
    1326; proposed treaty to acquire, 1358, 1359, 1406,
    1416-17, 1452, 1508; Talleyrand suggests price
    for, 1359; and Bonaparte, 1593; mentioned, 1254,
    1305
Flower, George, 1783
Floyd, Catherine ("Kitty"): JM's engagement to,
    218, 228 - 30, 242, 246; TJ on, 245; ends
    engagement, 262, 270
Floyd, Davis, 1471
Floyd, Polly, 223, 226, 227, 244, 249, 260
Floyd, William, 218, 228, 243, 873
Floyd, Mrs. William, 228
Flushing, Netherlands, 1604
Flushing, N.Y., 694,695
Folch, Vincente: governor of Pensacola, 1329, 1342,
    1498
Fontainebleau, France, 389
Fontana, Felice, 319
Food shortages, 67-68
Forbes, John Murray, 1423, 1425
Forbes, Mr., 1285
Force bill, 1997
Foreign Affairs Department: created under
    Constitution, 613, 622
Foreign debt: TJ proposes transfer of, from France to
    Dutch, 453; TJ on payment of, 526, 537, 568,
    569-76, 607; vote to fund, 653
"Foreign Influence" (JM), 1073, 1087, 1090, 1093
Foreign officers: congressional pledge to pay, 505
Foronda, Valentin de: and money advanced for
    Pike's expedition, 1493; on navigation of
    Mississippi  and Mobile rivers, 117-18; and  
    JM, 1700, 1705, mentioned, 1531, 1533, 1688 
Fort   Adams, 1260, 1300, 1455 
Fort Defiance, 1705 
Fort Eric, 1731 
Fort George, 1712 
Fort Maiden, 1712 
Fort Massac, 1260 
Fort Pickeering, 1609
FortRandolph, 96, 97  
Fort Schuyler, 139, 328, 344, 345-46
Fort Stanwix: treaty of, 344, 345
Fort Stoddert, 1327, 1347
Fort Wayne, 1684, 1705
Foster, Sir Augustus John: compares TJ and JM, 11;
    threatens retaliation against United States, 1657;
    discusses Fox's blockade, 1674; and early armistice
    (1812), 1703; mentioned, 1492, 1656, 1658, 1665,
    1668, 1672, 1705
Foster, Dwight, 1057
Foulon, Joseph Franois, 626
Founding Fathers: and slavery, 15-26
Four freedoms: TJ's, 1165
Fowey (British frigate), 160
Fowler, John, 1366
Fox (American merchantman), 1378
Fox, Charles James: Laurens on, 249-50; and Prince
    of Wales, 311; and Leander incident, 1410, 1428;
    and regularization of trade with United States,
    1424; mentioned, 306, 1409, 1653, 1661
France: TJ on desirability of attachment to, 436; and
    Holland, 460, insurrections in, 514; and most-
    favored-nation status, 613,979-80, and American
    salt provisions in, 639; and Nootka Sound incident,
    645-47, 658; and tobacco monopoly, 690-91;
    Jacobins in power in, 779; seizes American ships,
    963; breaks diplomatic relations with United
    States, 947, 968-69; confiscates American vessels,
    968, 1027; peace mission to, 998, 1011; abandons
    plan to invade England, 1024; and XYZ affair,
    1034-35; and Convention of 1800, 1142, 1158;
    reclaims Louisiana, 1253-54; resumes war with
    England, 1257; and U.S. spoliation claims, 1309-
    10, and rumored restoration of monarchy, 1333;
    privateers from, in American ports, 1344; TJ sends
    instructions to Armstrong on, 1357; supports
    Spain's claim to West Florida, 1367-68; on
    boundaries of Louisiana, 1386-97; and U.S.-
    Spanish negotiations, 1395; on privateers as
    pirates, 1413; treats foreigners as prisoners of war,
    1414, and Santo Domingo, 1433; refuses to repeal
    decrees, 1554; and Erskine Agreement, 1567; and
    Macon's Bill No. 2, 1617, 1631; revocation of
    decrees of, 1646. See also Envoys to France;
    Franco-American alliance
Francis' Hotel, 971, 1110
Franco-American alliance: ratified by Virginia, 62, 69-
    70; JM on, 677, 772; and American neutrality; 749;
    and Jay's treaty, 938; Pickering's pamphlet on,
    941, 961; Congress abrogates, 1009, 1059,
    1057,1062,1112,1158; JM on, 1150 mentioned, 58,
    127-28, 797, 883
Francophilism: Hamilton accuses TJ of, 710
Franklin (American merchantman), 1239
"Franklin" (pseudonym: John Taylor), 800, 808,
    813, 814, 818
Franklin (U.S. ship), 1428, 1432
Franklin, Benjamin: and Declaration of
    Independence, 49, 1846, 1875, 1876, and alliance
    with France, 53; and Izard, 208, 217; and John
    Adams, 221, 293-94, 325, 593, 626, 1058;
    Mazzei's charges against, 307, and commercial 
    negotiations, 3 15; TJ joins, in France, 325; recalled
    in 1785, 326; president of Pennsylvania Supreme
    Executive Council, 388; bust of, 412, 419; and
    Constitution, 449, 476, 478; TJ ships books to,
    485, 495; recommends Bourgain, 512; expenses as
    minister, 540; founds American Philosophical
    Society, 947; TJ's appraisal of, 1065; and story of
    John Thompson, 1876; mentioned, 14, 147, 300,
    583, 1192, 1686, 1747, 1975
Franklin, J. (Georgia senator), 1224
Franklin, Temple, 388
Franklin, W. T., 692
Franks, David S.: TJ on, 223, 463; JM on, 227; and
    negotiations with Morocco, 463; returns from
    England, 464; mentioned, 217, 465, 474
Franzoni, Giuseppe, 1579, 1581
Frederick, Md., 1731
Fredericksburg, Va.: armament factory in, 63;
    reception of Genet, 777; postal schedule of.
    1493; mentioned, 76-77, 769, 1237, 1485, 1959
Frederick the Great (king of Prussia), 583-84, 607,
    776
Freedom of opinion, 1165 - 66
Freedom of religion: in Virginia, 55-56; in Bill of
    Rights, 451; TJ on, 545; Citation on state's power
    over, 597-98; TJ and JM on, 1364; JM on, 1562;
    mentioned, 1069
Freedom of the press: in Bill of Rights, 451; TJ on,
    545, 853, 867, 974-75, 1069, 1080-81, 1353-54;
    limitation on state's power over, 597, 598; JM on,
    768, 852-53, 861, 1111, 1562; and Sedition Act.
    1056-57, 1103-4.
Freedom of the seas, 883
Freehling, William W., 15, 16, 24  
Freeman, John, 1584 
Freeman, Jonathan, 976, 1052 
Freeman, Lewis, 1179 
French brandy, 670,1828 
French Constitution of 1795, 899, 903, 905, 907
French East Indies, 1447 
French furniture: TJ's, 675; JM's, 967 
French officers in American Revolution: congressional
    pledge to pay, 453-54, 486, 538 
French Revolution: beginning of, 496; king exiles
    Parlement, 490; TJ on early reforms, 526-28, 600-3;
    king's role in, 545; riots in, 609-10; violence in, 624 -
    26; National Assembly debates constitution, 627-28; 
    carcity of food during, 649 - 50-, Republic 
    roclaimed, 746; execution of Louis XVI during, 746 
Fenchtown, 1717 
Frenchlown, Md., 1709, 1711 
French West Indies, 797, 833-34, 839 
French wines, 467, 472 
Freneau, Philip; TJ and JM
    recruit, as newspaper editor, 671-72, 694, 698-99, 
    700; founds National Gazette, 709; Hamilton
    criticizes, 714; critical of Washington, 752; wrongly 
    identified as Jonathan Pinder, 792; JM sends 
    information to, SM; publishes John Taylor's essays,
    808; defends Genet, 813; mentioned, 687, 696, 730,
    771 
Fresco painters, 870, 874 
Friend of the People (newspaper), 1155 
Friendship: Francis Bacon on, 6; role of letter writing 
    in, 7-8, 13, 315, 318, 495; JM's for TJ, 9-10, 228,
    305, 371, 879, 1816, 1960-61, 1969, 1973, 1974,
    2001; between JM and TJ, 10-11, 124, 126; TJ's for
    JM, 10, 242, 355, 855, 1021, 1023, 1043, 1045,
    1055, 1058, 1061, 1121, 1160, 1247, 1591, 1815, 1834,
    1959-60, 1960-61, 1966-67, 1971; John Quincy
    Adams on, between TJ and JM, 12; Otto on, between
    TJ and JM, 444; TJ anticipates reunion with, 568; TJ
    invites JM to share house, 664-65; JM on pleasure
    of conversation with TJ, 68 ; TJ longs to see JM, 878;
    TJ on, with all nations, 1165; Margaret Bayard Smith
    on, between TJ and JM, 1562; TJ on "character of a
    friend," 1564; TJ's circular letter on, with JM, 1574;
    between Dolley Madison and Martha Randolph, 1816 
Fries's Rebellion, 1454 
Frigates: construction of, 146-47, 833, 835 
Frontier. See Northwest posts Frontignac wine, 391 
Frost, Robert: quoted, 1 
Frousant, Mr., 1393 
Fruit, 371, 670 
Fry, Joshua, 369, 492 
Fulton, Robert, 1623, 1625, 1665, 1725 
Funding Act of 1790, 642-43, 705 
Furquahar, Mr., 1332 
Fur trade, 346, 724, 883
    


G
    
Gabriel's Rebellion, 1204 
Gadsden, Christopher, 838 
Gadsden, Philip, 838 
Gaillard, Alexander, 297 
Gaines, M., 1176 
Gales, Joseph, 982, 1146 
Galicia, Spain, 1385 
Gallatin, Albert: and Whiskey Rebellion, 866; and
    Jay's treaty, 89 ; writes A Sketch oft he Finances of
    the United States, 922, 950, 956; JM on, 891, 917;
    and TJ, 927-28, 996; welcomes Monroe from France,
    977; replaces JM as House leader, 995; and Alien and
    Sedition Laws, 1003, 1042, 1100, on Federalist
    majority, 1013; on Robbins's affair, 1128; as TJ's
    Treasury secretary, 1140, 1154, 1167, 1174; on
    political extremism, 1141; stays in Washington in
    summer, 1172, 1225, 1249, 1274, 1372, 1439; and
    passports for vessels, 1178; and Windsor, 1199; and
    political appointments, 1199, 1331, 1434; TJ
    consults, 1203, 1376, 1398, 1493; and Yazoo
    compromise, 1221-22, 1405; and Barbary affairs,
    1210, 1231, 1232, 1240; health of, 1241: and
    Guadaloupe negroes, 1242; and Capt. Cloupet, 1284;
    and the John Adamms 1249; and Louisiana,
    1279, 1280, 1281, 1310, 1323, 1416; on Stevens case,
    1312, 1314; and Florida negotiations, 1329, 1384; on
    western trip, 1422; letter from, 1424, 1439, 1521;
    and Santo Domingo trade, 1430; and Sanford, 1434-
    35; and visit of Russian ships, 1436; and Miranda
    case, 1407, 1408; on employing British seamen, 1446,
    1466, 1467-68, 1469-70, 1473-74; and Monroe-
    Pinkney Treaty, 1448; on Turreau's request, 1472; and
    Buff conspiracy, 1475; and Embargo Act, 1505, 1525,
    1536, 1537, 1896; and batture case,  1518,
    1640, 1642, 1645; urges TJ not to abdicate leadership,
    1549-50, 1557-58; as JM's Treasury secretary,
    1566, 1615, 1650, 1651, 1652, 1659; and Erskine
    Agreement, 1571, 1587; visits Montpellier and
    Monticello, 1572, 1599, 1601; and Father Richard,
    1612-13; and Lafayette's lands in Louisiana, 1623;
    visits farm in Pennsylvania, 1634; denounced by
    Duane, 1650, 1666-67, 1668, 1669; and Erving's
    claims, 1672; heads peace commission, 1710, 1712,
    1730, 1734; on sense of nationhood, 1760; and white
    paper, 1764; appointed minister to France, 1782;
    mentioned, 1179, 1232, 1281, 1283, 1423, 1313,
    1522, 1528, 1540, 1545
Gallatin, Hannah Nicholson (Mrs.-Albert), 1572,
    1599, 1601
Galley, row, 1722
Gallop, Oliver, 1250
Galvez, Bernardo de, 61, 65, 106-8, 140, 190
Gamble, Mr., 1488
Ganges (American sloop), 1054
Gantt, Edward, 1187, 1688
Garde des sceaux, 544
Gardenier, Barent, 1598-99
Gardens: TJ tours, in England, 417
Gardens: at Woodlands (estate), 1136
Gardner, William, 18-19, 777, 786, 794, 811
Gardoqui, Don Diego de, 396, 431, 467, 471,
    475-76, 481, 551, 607
Garland, Edward, 1134
Garland, William G,. 1326
Garnett, James Mercer, 1655
Garrard, James, 1070
Garrard, William, 1639
Garrett, Alexander, 1804
Gates, Horatio: defeated at Camden, 13 1; and
    navigation of Potomac, 357; TJ proposes bust of,
    412, 419; favors ratification, 534; and election of
    IBM, 1129, 1131; mentioned, 296, 321, 1198, 1415
Gavino, John, 1240, 1284, 1337
Gazette of the United States (newspaper), 692, 791,
    801, 807, 962, 1064-65
Gelston, David, 1151-52, 1155, 1349, 1393, 1438
Gelston, Maltby, 1587, 1597-98
Gem, Richard, 528, 583, 603, 1828
General Greene (U.S. warship), 1231, 1232, 1236
General tax assessment: for teachers of Christian
    religion, 56, 322-23, 331, 361, 369; opposition to,    
    374; JM's remonstrance against, 375-80, 410 
    Generational theory: TJ's, 603-4, 631-36, 640-42, 648; 
    JM disagrees with, 650 - 53; Edmund Burke on, 684- 
    85; mentioned, 654 
Genessee County, N.Y., 692 
Genet, Cornelia Tappen Clinton (Mrs. Edmond), 829 
Genet, Edmond-Charles-Edouard: French minister to 
    United States, 746; recognition of, 748, 749, 750, 
    reception of, 751 -52, 772, 774, 775, 777; TJ on, 752- 
    53, 782, 792, 793, 802, 813, 819; recall of,
    755-56, 757-58, 798, 799, 803, 808, 827;
    Republican disillusionment with, 758; JM on, 777,
    794; urges war with Great Britain, 805; appeals
    over Washington's head, 811, 813, 830, 1293;
    interferes with federal marshals, 818; Washington
    sends correspondence to Congress, 822; proposes
    new commercial treaty, 823; replaced by Fauchet,
    833; mentioned, 700, 766, 767, 812, 871, 1009,
    1015
Geneva, 1909
Genoa, 1301, 1381
Geographer of the United States: see Hutchins,
    Thomas
George III (king of England): and Declaration of
    Independence, 18, 50; JM on, 40; TJ recommends
    petition to, 41-42; supports suppression of
    colonial opposition, 43; and end of American
    Revolution, 222, 225; snubs TJ, 399; opposes
    commercial treaty with United States, 417;
    madness of, 589, 609, 616, 1653, 1661, 1686; and
    orders-in-council, 813, 826; and Jay's treaty, 881;
    desire for peace, 969; and Ministry of
    All-the-Talents, 1409, 1424; and impressment,
    1446, 1504; and conciliation with United States,
    1,572, 1600; and regency government, 1663;
    convalescence of, 1665, 1672; erroneous
    announcement of death of, 1673; mentioned, 746
George IV (as prince regent): retains Perceval's
    ministry, 1665, 1678, 1691; TJ's appraisal of, 1689;
    reconstitutes Pereeval's party under Liverpool,
    1698; on right of impressment, 1709; on War of
    1812, 1762; mentioned, 589, 1653, 1656, 1660,
    1672, 1688-89, 1714, 1756
Georgetown, Md.: as location of capital, 315, 663,
    673; TJ and JM inspect federal district, 708; and
    Genet, 777
Georgetown, Md. (on Chesapeake), 1711
George Washington (U.S. frigate), 1194
Georgia: and revenue system of 1783, 239; and slave
    trade, 503; and Creek Indians, 507; ratifies
    Constitution, 507, 519, 531; western land claims
    of, 1211, 1221-22, 1222-24; federal lawsuits in,
    1218; ratifies Twelfth Amendment, 1341, 1352
Gerard, Conrad Alexandre, 62, 69, 71, 464, 825, 832
Gerlach, Heinrich, 198
Germain, George Lord, Viscount Sackville, 200
German linens, 846
German Empire, 498-99
Germantown, Pa., 822, 828
Gerna, Anthony, 1686
Gerry, Elbridge: delegate to Constitutional
    Convention, 469, 477; refuses to sign Constitution,
    503; refuses election in 1794, 866; appointed envoy
    to France, 970-71, 983; and XYZ affair, 1000-1;
    remains in France, 1009, 1057, 1060, 1062;
    correspondence as envoy published, 1086, 1088,
    1091, 1094, 1096; JM's vice presidential candidate
    (1812), 1685; TJ on, 1852-53; letter from, 1854
Gerry, Elbridge, Jr., 1852
Gerry, Samuel R., 1230
Ghent: JM on arrogance of British demands at, 1734;
    peace negotiations at, 1746, 1748, 1753; TJ on
    British demands, 1748; Treaty of, 1754
Gheretti (Ottoman ketch), 1432
Gholson, Thomas, Jr., 1616
Gibaut, John, 1250
Gibralter, 137, 164, 165, 1170, 1197, 1281
Gibson, Charles, 1300
Gibson, George, 103
Gibson, Colonel John (in Revolution), 117
Gibson, Colonel John (secretary of Indiana
    Territory) 1309, 1706
Giles, William Branch: attempts to discredit
    Hamilton, 745-46, 767; critical of Washington,
    951; leaves Congress early, 1039, 1042, 1052;
    against Alien and Sedition laws, 1112, 1122, 1124,
    1125; on JM's cabinet, 1566; praises JM's handling
    of Erskine and Jackson, 1615; critic of Gallatin,
    1650; and recharter of Bank of the United States,
    1651; and Wilson Cary Nicholas, 1716; opposes
    protective tariffs, 1976, 1977; uses TJ's letter to
    become governor, 1978, 198 1; as states' righter,
    1984; mentioned, 742, 830, 901, 906, 923, 950,
    1018, 1019, 1954
Gill, Samuel, 96
Gillon, Alexander, 736, 860
Gilman, Nicholas, 1179
Gilmer, Francis, 1826
Gilmer, Francis Walker: and search for professors,
     1844, 1880, 1882, 1884-86, 1894, 1898, 1903,
     1912; offered law chair at Virginia, 1884; returns
     with European professors, 1908; declines law
     chair, 1904, 1905, 1908, 1916, 1917-18, 1921,
     1922, 1937-38, 1940; illness of, 1909, 1963;
     criticism of, 1923; death of, 1940, 1958, 1964;
     accepts law chair, 1958, 1963; mentioned, 1902,
     1906, 1967
Gilmer, George, 1727
Gilmer, George, Jr., 730, 902
Gilmer, Walker, 687
Gilpin, George, 1214, 1252, 1465
Gilpin, Henry Dilworth, 1975, 1976
Gimbrede, Thomas, 1689
Girod, Nicholas F., 1329
Gist, Mordecai, 117
Glanville, Ranulf de, 858
Glasgow merchants, 362
Glass cutter, 1095
Glebe lands, 467
Gloucester, Mass., 1250
Gmelin, Johann Georg, 735
Godwin, Money, 161
Goetschius, John M., 1301
Goforth, William, 1233
Goldsborough, Charles W., 1713
Gooch, Gideon, 1640, 1641, 1642, 1649
Goochland County, Va., 886
Goodhue, Benjamin, 866, 998, 1024, 1031
Goodrich, Elizur, 1185, 1186
Gooseberries, 391
Gordon, William, 581, 1087
Gordon, William Fitzhugh, 1943-44, 1962
Gordon's Tavern, Va., 1175, 1176, 1492, 1502, 1787
Gordonsville, Va., 1175
Gore, Christopher, 1213
Gorham, Nathaniel, 469, 477, 660, 692
Gorham and Phelps, land purchase of, 692
Gossip, 7 - 8
Gothenburg, Sweden, 1710, 1742, 1753
Government Printing Office, 916
Governor-in-Council. See Virginia Executive
    Council
Governor's Palace (Williamsburg, Va.), 59
Graecorurn Respublicae ab Ubbone Emmio descriptae,
    432
Graham, John: JM's appraisal of, 1199; requests
    leave, 1282; recommends paymaster, 1522; State
    Department clerk, 1541; and merino sheep, 1636;
    and batture case, 1642; mentioned, 1185, 1198,
    1213, 1280, 1281, 1443, 1525, 1543, 1545
Grand, Ferdinand, 352- 53, 368, 459
    Grand Duchy of Warsaw, 1469
    Grand Seigneur at Constantinople: presents sent to,
    1311; and case of Philadelphia, 1324; mentioned,
    1306, 1308, 1309, 1779
Granger, Gideon: on election of 1800, 1149; and post
    road to New Orleans, 1339, 1341, 1342; on
    trespasses on public land, 1372; reports Burr
    conspiracy, 1443; and Backus case, 1491, 1498;
    and Yazoo land deal, 1648; seeks Supreme Court
    appointment, 1659; appoints Leib, 1737; JM dismisses,
    1738, 1740-41, mentioned, 1047, 1049, 1212 ,
    1228, 1332, 1363, 1647, 1694 
Grant, Mr., 1246  
Grant, Sir William, 1360 
Grapes, 391 
Grasse, Frangois-Joseph-Paul, comte de, 920, 922
Gravier, Mr., 1521 
Gray, Mr. (son of William), 1769 
Gray, Mrs. (wife of Mr.), 1769 
Gray, William, 1769 
Grays Ferry, Pa., 767, 775, 780 
Grayson, William: on Virginia credit, 176; in 
    Confederation Congress, 388, 408, 456, and 
    navigation of Mississippi, 472; opposes ratification, 
    534; as Antifederalist senator, 579, 591; opposes 
    commercial discrimination, 613; and most favored 
    nation, 621 
Great Britain: peace treaty ends American Revolution, 
    209; refuses commercial treaty with United States, 
    235, 246, 265-66; and trade with United States, 272-
    73; JM on commercial retaliation against, 373, 608; 
    and most-favored nation status, 613, 619-21; and 
    Nootka Sound incident, 645-47, 657-59; sends 
    ambassador, 647; TJ's table on, based on wars in
    Europe, 678-80; and French Revolutionary wars, 
    746, 748, 751, 767, 770, 771, 842, 1105, 1293;and
    orders-in-council and seizure of American ships, 821, 
    823, 825, 826, 834-35, 963, 1060; and Jay's treaty 
    882; regulates neutral trade, 1020-21; France
    abandons plans to invade, 1024; and Convention of 
    1800, 1158-59; on Louisiana Purchase, 1276; 
    resumes war with France, 1257; renews impressments,
    1294, 1504; renews seizing American ships, 1360; 
    proposed alliance with, 1362; forms Third Coalition 
    against Bonaparte, 1404; and Maine border, 1480-81;
    and Chesapeake affair, 1494; renounces right to 
    search U.S. warships for deserters, 1499; JM on trade 
    policy of, 1536-37; refuses to repeal orders-in-council,
    1554, 1674, 1675; and Macon's Bill No. 2, 1616-17; 
    suspends orders-in-council, 1681; repeals orders-in-
    council, 1703; blockades East Coast, 1710, 1718; sends 
    naval fleet to Chesapeake, 1718; initiates direct  
    naval fleet to Chesapeake, 1718; initiates direct  
    negotiations for peace, 1729; JM submits commercial 
    treaty with, 1772. See also England 
Great Falls of Potomac, 515, 1731 
Great Island, Va. See Long Island, Va. 
Great Lakes: in War of 1812, 1683-94, 1712 
Greece, 1844, 1879 
Greeley, Horace, 1973 
Green, Moses, 1134 
Green, Timothy, 1012, 1018 
Green Briar County, Va., 491-92 
Greene, Catherine (Mrs. Nathanael), 653 
Greene, George Washington (son of Nathanael), 653
Greene, Griffin, 1331 
Greene, Nathanael: on need for lead, 186, TJ proposes
    bust of, 411, 419; mentioned, 133, 478, 653, 1855 
Greene, Philip, 1331
Greenleaf, Thomas, 697, 913 
Green Spring, Va., 1482
Greenup,  Christopher, 729, 769 
Greenville, Tenn., 1365 
Greenville, Treaty of, 933, 1734, 1746 
Greetham, William, 1179 
Gregg, Andrew, 1406, 1424 
Grenville, William Wyndham Baron and Lord: and 
    western posts, 832; on Jay's Treaty, 894; mentioned, 
    712, 713, 842, 1653, 1661, 1692 
Grieve, George, 19
Griffin, Cyrus: president of Confederation Congress
    534, 59 1; TJ's appraisal of, 162Q mentioned, 139,
    457, 535, 1631, 1632
Griffin, Samuel, 605, 765, 769
 Griffith, Robert E., 1378
Griswold, Roger, 976, 997, 1073-74
Grotius, Hugo, 360, 1262, 1360, 1408
Grundy, Felix, 1676,
Grymes, Ludwell, 303, 308
Grymes, Mr., 1525
Guadaloupe: black leaders of, shipped to France,
    1240, 1242; mentioned, 1261, 1302, 1484
Guadeloupe (French warship), 218, 220, 224
Guadaloupe (prize sloop), 1526
Guadaloupe River, 1395
Guardian of Freedorn (Lexington, Ky., newspaper),
    1268
Guardoqui, Don Diego de. See Gardoqui, Don
    Diego de
Guarrant, Mr. See Garrard, William
Guillaumes, Mr., 1593
Gum Spring, Va., 1499
Gunboats, 1532, 1711, 1712, 1720, 1723-25
Gunn, James, 860, 978
Gunston Hall, Va., 663, 673, 740
Gurley, John W., 1366



H
Habeas corpus: TJ on, 528, 545, 567; in Bill of Rights,
    451; mentioned, 566, 598 
Habersham, Joseph, H 97, 1198 
Hackley, Richard, 1441, 1526, 1546, 1582, 1583, 1815-
    16 
Hagerstown, Md., 1147 
Hague, The, 525
    "Hail, Columbia" (song), 10ft 
Haiti, 1348 Haley, Nathan, 1541 
Halifax, Nova Scotia, 136 1, 1703, 1731, 1734, 1746 
Hall, Dominick Augustin, 1336, 1337, 1434 
Hall Edward, 1347  
Hamburg, Germany, 1260 
Hamet Caramalli (former pasha of Tripoli), 1431 
Hamilton, Alexander: JM and and TJ oppose, 31; and
    revenue system of Confederation, 230; opposes
    assumption of state debts (1783), 236, 242-43;
    compared with JM, 444; delegate to Constitutional
    Convention, 469, 478, 1640-41, 1641-42; coauthor of
    Federalist, 524, 548, 850; supports ratification, 542;
    JM on qualifications for Treasury Department 594,
    613, 622; writes "Report on Public Credit," 642, 649,
    653, 665; and Compromise of 1790, 643-44; and
    foreign policy, 646-47; and Bank of United States,
    665, 666, 696; on political parties, 667; critical or
    TJ, 668, 688, 710, 715-16, 766, 1117; TJ opposes,
    668, 954; critical of TJ and JM's northern excursion,
    670-71; JM critical of, 689, 700, 704, 706, 709,
    817; relations with Beckwith, 710; and TJ's
    negotiations with Hammond, 711, 712, 721, 726;
    relations with Hammond, 712, 713, 714, 715;
    condemns Republican party as faction, 714, 1O06;
    on differences with JM, 715, 744; and Marshall, 735,
    1060; and national debt, 739; and Washington's
    second term, 744; Republican move to discredit,
    745; French citizenship conferred on, 747; opposes
    recognition of Genet, 748-49, 770, 803; and
    neutrality, 749, 771, 773, 791; writes as "Pacificus,"
    754, 792, 795, 799; denounces Democratic
    societies, 757, 804, 85 1; resignation of, 757, 759,
    905, 856, 866, 873, 890, 917, 922; in Philadelphia,
    767, 789; proposes Dutch loan, 78 1; views in
    Virginia on, 794; objects to "war of liberty on
    herself," 809, illness of, 818- 19; condemns British
    seizure of noncontraband goods, 923; mentioned as
    special envoy, 926-27, 840, 941; and
    enlarged army, 836; requests investigation to clear
    name, 837, 841; and Whiskey Rebellion, 850-51,
    859,953; succeeded by Wolcott, 869, 886, final
    report of, 870, 973-74; and Jay's treaty, 885, 893,
    896; as "Camillus," 892, 896, 897, 898, 929;
    supports carriage tax, 921, 925, 926; and John
    Adams, 941, 942, 945, 948, 1156, 1157; and
    Adams's cabinet, 969, 1085, 1086; confesses to
    adultery, 973, 984, 993; writes Observations: .
    denying speculation, 993; as general in quasi war,
    1008, 1086; andThomas Pinckney interest, 1033;
    declines appointment as senator, 1042, 1045, 1049 -
    50; writes as "Titus Manlius," 1045; proposes use of
    army against Virginia, 1073, 1113; as leader of High
    Federalists, 1099; proposes tampering with election
    returns, 1138; prefers TJ to Burr, 1142, 1144, 1161;
    argues treaty with France unnecessary, 1152; views
    on administration, 1169; and general
    appropriations, 1207; killed by Burr, 1442; and
    authorship of Washington's Farewell Address, 1847-
    48, 1863, 1867, 1878; on constitutionality of roads
    and canals, 1949; mentioned, 687, 802, 819, 828-
    29, 1159, 1975, 1978 
Hamilton, Elizabeth Schuyler (Mrs. Alexander), 819 
Hamilton, Henry: captured by George Rogers Clark, 63,
    64, use of Indians by, 72; placed in irons, 74-76, 89-
    90; treatment reported to Congress, 79, 80,
    mentioned, 78, 118 
Hamilton, Paul, 1699, 1708, 1714, 1725 
Hamilton, William, 1136 
Hamiltonian system, 710-11, 728, 
Hammond, George: appointed minister to United
    States, 711; negotiations with TJ, 712-13, 721, 722-
    25, 726-27, 822, 823, 840, 876; dines with Joseph
    Brant, 733; on French privateers, 779; TJ on views
    of, 792; and Edmund Randolph, 832-33; and
    Dorchester's speech to Indians, 945; in Vienna, 981;
    mentioned, 733, 871 
Hampden-Sydney Academy, 371, 392, 468 
Hampton, Va., 154, 155, 1347 
Hampton, Wade, 1155, 1240, 1611 
Hancock, George, 304-5, 769 
Hancock, John, 439, 474, 563, 564, 580, 828
Hanover County, Va., 44, 55, 1346, 1577 
Harbor defenses, 1515-16 
Hardy, Samuel, 309, 398 
Hams, 391, 726 
Harewood, Jefferson County, Va., 847 
Harmar, Josiah, 293 
Harper, Robert Goodloe: elected to Congress, 860; on
    arming merchant ships, 980; criticizes TJ in House,
    996-97, 1074; charges treasonable correspondence
    between Republicans and France, 1009, 1061; and
    Stamp Act, 1024; and Lyon-Griswold affair, 1026;
    opposes Sprigg resolutions, 1030; prefers borrowing
    to taxing, 1059; and Logan Act, 1088; mentioned,
    979 
Harpers Ferry, Va., 428, 967, 1907 
Harris, James, first earl of Malmesbury, 956 
Harris, Levitt: and Russian intervention in case of
    Philadelphia, 1325; letter from, 1468, 1472, 1541;
    mentioned, 1301, 1311, 1345, 1471, 1519, 1779,
    1805, 1906 
Harrison, Anna Mercer (Mrs. Benjamin), 492 
Harrison, Benjamin: Speaker of Virginia House, 73;
    seeks military assistance for Virginia, 133-34, 162,
    165; and payment of Virginia congressional
    delegation, 148-49, 153; as governor of Virginia,
    272, 275, 363; and navigation of Potomac, 356;
    and general assessment for religious teaching, 361;
    and residency requirement, 369; elected to Virginia
    legislature, 375; elected Speaker, 401; opposes
    revised code, 402; opposes Confederation
    regulation of commerce, 404; runs for House, 420,
    456, 477; opposes ratification, 534; mentioned, 70,
    98, 103, 116, 149, 163, 182
Harrison,Colonel Benjamin (of Barclay), 687
Harrison, Charles, 117
Harrison, Mr., 321
Harrison, P. L., 848, 1733
Harrison, Richard, 1151, 1197, 1241
Harrison, William Henry: defeats Tecumseh, 1676;
    appointed commanding general in West, 1684,
    1705; TJ on, 1707; victor in Battle of the Thames,
    1712; liberates Northwest, 1729; mentioned, 1368,
    1581, 1730
Harrowby, Lord, 1709
Hartford, Conn., 1480, 149S
Hartley, David, 250
Harvard College, 1860, 1915, 1918, 1923
Harvey, John. See Harvie, John
Harvie, John, 350, 509, 605, 868
Harvie, Mr., 1840
Harwood, B., 1347
Hassler, Ferdinand Rudolph, 1770
Haumont, Mr., 1441
Havana, Cuba, 1430
Havre de Grace, France, 1301
Havre de Grace, Md., 217, 1711
Hawkesbury, Charles Jenkinson, first Baron,
    723
Hawkesbury, Robert Banks Jenkinson, second
    Baron, 1276, 1681
Hawkins, Benjamin: opposes permanent foreign
    establishments, 717, 718; on vetch, 972;
    mentioned, 678, 900, 1197
Hawthorne, Nathaniel, 5
Hay, George, 1445, 1633, 1640, 1654, 1664
Hay, Mrs. George, 1768
Hay, John, 118
Hay, Samuel, 1301
Hay, William, 459, 485, 495
Hayes, James, 166, 170
Hayne, Robert Young, 1984-95, 1986, 1993-94,
    1995
Hays, William, 409
Head of Elk. See Elkton, Md.
Heath, Captain, 103
Heath, Colonel, 117
Heimbold, George, Jr., 1184
Helvetic Confederacy, 498
Helvitius, Mine. Claude-Adrien, 1828
"Helvidius" (pseudonym: JM), 754-55, 758, 795,
    799, 800, 817, 820; TJ relays essays to press, 809,
    813-14, mentioned, 1408
Hemings, James, 285, 321
Hemings, Sally, 1480
Hemmings, James. See Hemings, James
Hemp, 338
Henderson, Alexander, 323, 369
Henfield, Gideon, 805
Hening, W. W., 908
Hennin, Pierre-Michel, 464
Henrich (Danish brigantine), 1260-61, 1262
Henry, James M., 1366
Henry, John, 860, 978, 1690
Henry, Patrick: TJ on 13, 245, 353-54; opposes
    parliamentary authority over colonies, 43; and
    Dunmore's seizure of gunpowder, 44; first
    governor of Virginia, 51, 88, and Virginia
    Executive Council, 57, 60; on Washington's need
    for supplies, 58; requests Spanish aid, 61, 106, and
    Bland's expense account, 120; and Confederation
    impost, 232, 248, 252; favors strengthening . .
    Confederation, 278, 281-82, 318; opposes revision
    of Virginia Constitution, 282, 302, 322, 878;
    supports moratorium on  tax collection, 282, favors
    tax assessment for religious teaching, 282, 323, 361;
    and Mazzei, 307; reelected governor, 330, 355, 363;
    opposes TJ's bill for religious freedom, 331; and law
    of nations, 360; opposes revised code, 437, 467;
    rejects election to Constitutional Convention,
    454, 468, 470, 476; and navigation of Mississippi, 471-
    72; favors paper money, 473, 476; opposes ratification,
    479, 505, 507, 509, 515, 520, 534, 542; and
    fulfillment of Treaty of Paris, 516; and rejection of
    Constitution by North Carolina, 550, supports call for
    second convention, 552; as Antifederalist leader, 579;
    opposes JM's election, 581, 590; as presidential
    elector, 605; Washington offers secretary of state post
    to, 903; nominated envoy to France, 1099; mentioned,
    71, 119, 1975 
Hermine. See Weasel 
Hermitage wine, 1361, 1391, 1393 
Herndon, Edward, 97 
Heron's Tavern (Culpeper County), Va., 1174  
Hessian fly, 543, 670,  690, 1151, 1525, 1639, 1669, 
    1670, 1672, 1719, 1743 
Hessians, 411 
Hester (slave), 161 
Heth, Mr., 1242 
Heth, William, 517, 1203, 1231 
Hewes, Captain, 1500, 1501 
Hickey, Donald R.: quoted, 1448, 1466 
Hickman, R., 908 
HiggIinson, Stephen, 1144, 1161, 1243, 1246 
Higham, John: quoted, 1984 
High Federalists, 947-48 
Highwassee 1575 
Hill, Henry, 1134 
Hill, Henry, Jr., 1366 
Hill, Mr., 1520, 1522, 1525 
Hilland, Mr., 1940 
Hiller, Joseph, 1231
Hillhouse, James, 1003, 1033, 1042, 1049, 1670
Hilliard, Mr., 1930
Hislop, Governor, 1521
History: JM appeals to, 1981; 1983-94, 1986, 1987,
    1988, 1996, 1999, 2000
Hite, Abraham, 96
Hite, Isaac, 857
Hobart, John Sloss, 1042, 1369
Hobbes, Thomas, 954
Hobbs' Hole, Va., 349
Hobday, John, 77
Hoffman, Jacob, 1465
Holland: and France, 460; transfer of Revolutionary
    debt to, 305; Dutch bankers make loan to United
    States. 525-26; shelters C. C. Pinckney, 976-77;
    excludes British trade, 1601; mentioned, 1298. See
    also Batavian Republic; Netherlands, the
Holland, Henry Richard Vassall Fox, third Baron,
    1410, 1599, 1653, 1657, 1661
Hollins, John, 1145
Hollins, Mrs. John, 1145
Holt, Charles, 1149
Holy Alliance, 1844
Honeysuckles, standing American, 1511
Honor, 2
Hoods, Va., 154, 159
Hooe, J. H., 1635-36, 1638-39, 1649
Hoops, Adam, 1040
Hope (U.S. ship), 1536, 1547, 1554
Hopkins, John, Jr., 996
Hopkinson, Francis, 285, 492, 512, 687, 688
Hornet (U.S. dispatch ship): delay in return of
    (1812). 1692; returns from Europe, 1696;
    mentioned, 1536, 1678, 1679, 1694
Horse stealers, 466
Hoskins, Richard Q., 1529
Houard. David, 858, 876
Houdeton, countess d'. See Houdetot, Elizabeth
    Francoise Sophie
Houdetot, Elisabeth Francoise Sophie, countess d',
    1696
Houdon, Jean-Antoine, 329, 411, 419
House, George, 1269
House, Mary (Mrs. Samuel): TJ and, 271, 320, 349,
    389, 433, 655, 662, 664, JM and, 290, 291, 292,
    311, 662, 664, death of, 779; mentioned, 217, 218,
    228, 246, 251, 264, 267, 287, 344, 347, 769
House, Samuel, 291, 321
House Committee on Commerce and Manufactures,
    1483
House of Representatives: debates defense measures
    against France, 980, 981; debates taxes, 983, 1042,
    1045, 1047, 1049, 1054, 1057, 1059; and
    naturalization bill, 1003, 1042, 1044, 1057; and
    XYZ affair, 1033, 1034; and alien friends bill,
    1042, 1045, 1048, 1052; and sedition bill, 1042,
    1056-57; creates Navy Department, 1042, 1043,
    1095; and provisional army bill, 1042, 1045, 1047,
    1049, 1050; and bill for capturing French cruisers,
    1052, 1054; suspends commercial intercourse with
    France, 1054, 1091, 1095; and abrogation of
    Franco-American alliance, 1054, 1057; adopts
    report supporting Alien and Sedition Laws, 1075,
    1100-7; acts on presidential tic vote in election of
    1800, 1140, 1141, 1142, 1157, 1160, 1161, 1162;
    and navigation of Mississippi, 1254
Houston, William Churchill, 478
Howe, Robert, 261
Howe, Sir William, 58
Howe, William: case of, 717
Howell, David, 276, 314, 1185, 1186
Howell, Samuel, Sr., 920, 923, 929, 935, 937
Howell, Wilbur Samuel: quoted, 1139
Howland, John, 495
Hubbard, Nicholas, 935
Hudson River, 432, 670, 883, 1253
Hughes, Mr., 1283
Hughes, Victor, 1096
Hulings, William E., 1252, 1266
Hull, Isaac, 1685
Hull, Mr., 1336
Hull, William: as governor of Michigan Territory,
     1523; surrenders Detroit, 1683, 1684, 1702, 1707;
     court-martialed, 1685; mentioned, 1372, 1474,
     1526, 1703
Human rights, 1772, 1877
Humboldt, Alexander von, 1691
Hume, David, 125, 448
Humor: TJ's, 8, 671, 1488; JM's 8-9
Humphreys, David, 933,1204,1214
Humphries, David. See Humphreys, David
Hundreds (wards), and education, 1776
Hunt, Mr., 1526
Hunter, John, 860
Hunter, Mr., 1941
Hunter, William, 291, 292
Huntington, Samuel, 11 3, 121, 167, 173
Huntress (American merchant vessel), 1402
Hurt, Dr. John (translator), 586, 618
Hurt, John, 1135, 1145
Huskanoyed, 544
Hutchins, Thomas, 194, 473
Hutchinson, James, 773, 813, 819
Hydrophobia, 730
Hypochrondria: TJ and JM's symptoms or, 14



I
    
Iberville River, 1328
Icehouse: JM's 1570
Illinois Company, 151
Illinois nut. See Pecans
Illinois River, 475
Ilsley, Isaac, 1300
Immortality: JM on, 2
Impeachment: and jury trials, 1016, 1020, 1023,
    1025; process of, 10 17, 1021; universality of, 1023
Impost: and revenue system of 1783, 231; proposed,
    314; authorized in Virginia, 331; attempt to enact
    without unanimity, 363; status in 1786, 421-31;
    New York rejects, 468; debated by first Congress,
    607-8; mentioned, 232, 517
Impressment: Jay's treaty silent on, 883; House debate
    on (1796), 894; King attempts to negotiate ban on,
    1257; JM on, 1257 - 58, 1259, 1283; TJ on, 1274,
    1294, 1509, 1583; by British, 1257, 1258; by French,
    1258; Thornton on, 1280, JM's remonstrance
    against, 1285; JM reports on, 1302; JM on number
    of Americans under, 1409; Monroe-Pinkney efforts to
    restrain, 1409, 1446; TJ demands abolition of, 1445,
    1449, 1464, 1465; and Chesapeake affair, 1445-
    46; JM proposes new negotiations on, 1448,1473-
    74, 1569, 1587, 1730; and Nonimportation Act, 1496;
    and War of 18 12, 1795; mentioned, 1086, 1128,
    1177, 1278, 1413, 1656
Incognitum, 294, 291, 292, 408
Indefatigable (ship), 1438, 1501
India, 882, 1447
Indiana Company, 210, 215
Indian affairs: Jay's treaty silent on 883; TJ on
    commerce with tribes, 1350, TJ and JM on, 1364;
    on Missouri River, 1497
Indiana Territory: Indian warfare in, 1676
Indian pottery, 408
Indians: cooperation with British during Revolution, 63,
    74-75, 139, 346; British military supplies to, in
    American territory, 681-83; want Ohio River as
    boundary, 819; in Louisiana Purchase territory,
    1257, 1289, 1290, 1456-57; removal of, beyond
    Mississippi, 1574, school for, 1575, 1611-13; in War of
    1812, 1702, 1703; British demands on, at Ghent,
    1734, 1746
Indian treaty of 1795. See Greenville, Treaty of
Indian vocabularies, 1625
Individual liberties: JM on, 27-28; protected in an
    extended republic, 448-49; mentioned, 1164-65
Individual rights: state encroachments on, 447; and
    federal negative, 500- 2; and majority rule, 523,
    1164; property of, 709
Indostan (U.S. ship), 1436
Inflation, 125-26, 134-35
Ingenhousz, Jan, 319
Ingersoll, Charles, 1759
Ingersoll, Jared, 478, 921, 925
Ingles, Mr., 242
Innes, James, 457, 504-5, 509, 534, 1040, 1057-58,
    1060
Inoculation, 216
Insurance Company of North America, 1095
Insurrections: in southwestern Virginia, 135, 148,
     1454, 1458-59
Internal improvements: TJ's states' rights attitude on,
    1943; J. Q. Adams advocates, 1959; JM on
    constitutionality of, 1956; Virginia denies
    constitutionality of, 1968; mentioned 35-36, 1927
International law. See Law of nations
Interposition, 31, 1071, 1980-81. See also State
    interposition
Invalides, 602, 625
Iredell, James, 934, 974
Ireland, 290, 366, 1089, 1092
Iris (British frigate), 160
Irish, Nathaniel, 159, 210, 211
Iroquois Indians, 71, 347-48
Irvine, Callender, 1300
Irvine, Mr., 1279
Irvine, William, 319, 728, 733, 791
Irving, Washington, 1686, 1706
Isaac, Rhys: quoted, 394
Ishomel, Mr., 1531
Isley, David, Jr.; see lisley, Isaac
Israel, Israel, 1023
Isthmus, 1434
Ivory, James, 1896, 1898
Izard, George, 1751
lzard, Ralph, 217, 492, 718, 860, 933, 1747



J
    
Jackson, Andrew ("Old Hickory"): on Louisiana
    Purchase, 1288; defeats Indians in Southwest,
    1729; and Battle of New Orleans, 1754; and
    Seminole war, 1808-9; Trist as aide to, 1990,
    toasts federal Union, 1992; signs tariff of 1832,
    1993; denounces nullification and secession, 1995;
    mentioned, 1891, 1984
Jackson, Francis James ("Copenhagen"): British
    minister to United States, 1572-73, 1601, 1656,
    1665; JM on, 1603; TJ on, 1604; and Onis, 1606;
    and Canning, 1607; JM demands recall of, 1608
Jackson, Henry, 1086
Jackson, James, 1224
Jackson, John George, 1623-24
Jackson, Mr., 1530
Jackson, Major William, 477
Jackson, William: and Yrrujo, 1346
Jacobinism: term used by Federalists for Republican
    party, 1093
Jacobin party, in France, 736
Jacobins, establish revolutionary government in
    France, 779
Jamaica, 1213
James Madison Annex, at Library of Congress, 15
Jameson, David, 60, 222
James River: canal at falls of, 99, 101, 429, 516;
    navigation of, 357- 58; mentioned, 1724
James River Company, 375
Jamestown, Va., 154, 159
Jamieson, Neill, 350, 365
Jardin des Plantes (Paris), 1971
Jarvis, William: consul at Lisbon, 1582; sends merino
    sheep to TJ and JM, 1621, 1624, 1625, 1627,
    1635-36, 1639; mentioned, 1267, 1368, 1370,
    1526, 1649
Jay, Sir J., 1522
Jay, John: appointed minister to Spain, 113, 131, 163,
    197, 539-40; TJ congratulates, on peace treaty
    with Great Britain, 209; secretary of foreign
    affairs, 235, 285, 315, 471, 473; John Adams on,
    244; in commission with Adams and Franklin,
    293-94; at Bath, 306; negotiations for navigation
    of Mississippi, 395-96, 431, 467, 475-76, 481,
    551; TJ sends Notes to, 492; co-author of
    Federalist, 524, 548; TJ 's dispatches to, 526; on
    expenses of ministers to European nations, 553;
    supports ratification, 542; candidate for vice
    president, 554; candidate for secretary of state,
    594, 613; and TJ's leave of absence, 606; and New
    York gubernatorial election of 1792, 728, 737;
    critical of French Revolution, 785; Washington on
    806; and Genet's appeal to people, 811; as special
    envoy to Great Britain, 827, 841, 843, 869, 885;
    runs for governor of New York, 876, 1013, 1037,
    1045; rejects Hamilton's proposal to tamper with
    election results, 1138; and tie vote in 1800, 1156;
    appointed chief justice by Adams, 1141, 1142;
    names Hamilton senator, 1042, 1046; mentioned,
    79, 146, 225, 536, 538, 539, 543, 583, 584, 588,
    618, 870, 873, 897, 1975
Jay's treaty: JM's expectations of, 872, 876-, kept
    secret, 879; TJ receives copy of, 980; Washington
    predicts "hot Session" over, 891; provisions of,
    881-83; reaction to, 885-94; as capstone of
    Hamiltonian system, 894-95; House attitude
    towards, 904-5, 926, 929; British ratification of
    916, 925; JM's resolutions on, 930-31, 933;
    mercantile party launches petitions for, 934;
    French denounce, 941-42; John Adams promises to
    implement, 966; and envoys' mission to France,
    1015; JM on, 1026, 1046, 1569; and Convention of
    1800, 1158, 1159; and British snow Windsor. 1185;
    and Spanish armed merchantman, 1188; abandons
    "free ships make free gcods," 1190; expiration of,
    1196; arbitration commission awards, 1219-20;
    incorporates TJ's letter to Hammond, 1260;
    compared with Monroe-Pinkney Treaty, 1447; TJ
    denounces in retirement, 1567; Erving as claims
    agent under, 1670-72; mentioned, 921, 922, 923, 
    1032, 1408, 1465, 1919, 1925
Jefferson, George, 1583, 1647, 1649, 1700
efferson, Maria (Polly, TJ's daughter): with Mrs.
    Carr while TJ in France, 407; at Pentemont, 512;
    returns to United States, 630, travels to
    Philadelphia with President and Mrs. Washington,
    708; marries John Wayles Eppes, 994; mentioned,
    821; See also Eppes, Maria Jefferson
Jefferson, Martha (Patsy, TJ's daughter):
    corresponds with Polly Floyd, 227; schooling for,
    265, 267, 271; accompanies TJ to France, 285,
    325 364; Mrs. Trist writes, 389; attends school at
    abbey of Pentemont, 486; returns to United States,
    568, 630; mentioned, 207, 221, 222-23, 226, 243,
    244, 248, 249, 251, 272, 344, 433, 814. See also
    Randolph, Martha "Patsy" Jefferson
Jefferson, Martha Wayles Skelton (TJ's wife) 51,
    52, 83, 206, 207
Jefferson, Peter, 492

JEFFERSON, THOMAS
    PERSONAL LIFE
    Characteristics of. archives and letters of, 3, 125;
    and gossip, 7-8; impulsiveness of, 12-13;
    description of, in 1776, 53-54; sense of humor 
    of, 172, 184, 671, 1488; family life of, 206, 216; 
    and education of daughters and nephews, 270, 350-5 
    1, 512; death of daughter, 1296-97; suspicious of
    Federalist Post Offices, 788, 792, 793, 796, 802- 
    3; greatcoat of, 1428, 1434 Slavery: antislavery 
    views of, 16-18, 19-20, 26, anti-Negro views of, 16,
    20-21; leaves antislavery movement to younger
    generation, 23; recommends prohibition of slave
    trade, 24; on diffusion of slavery, 25; as
    slaveholder, 26 Farming. and Scotch threshing
    machine, 776; outlines crop rotation, 789-91;
    establishes nailery, 848, 1148; grist mill of, 1429;
    reports on crops, 1564, and plows, 1622-23,
    1625-26; and merino sheep, 1621-22, 1628-29,
    1639-40, 1642, 1649; on brewing, 1823-24
    Health: inoculation of family of, 216; breaks wrist,
    400, 457, 464; health of, 905, 1807, 1922, 1824,
    1970; feebleness of, 1766; illness of, 1815,
    1817-18; dies on Fourth of July, 1973 Personal
    relations. on George Mason, 52; on John Adams,
    208, 223; at Mrs. House's boardinghouse, 228;
    critical of Patrick Henry, 252, 353-54; appraises
    Lafayette, 329, 365, 411; and Maria Cosway, 400;
    and Dohrman's debt to Mazzei, 676; sends
    greeting to the Monroes, 844; writes Deborah
    Logan, 1008, 1009; confesses to attempt to seduce
    Betsey Walker, 1491 Scientific and intellectual
    interests. generational theory of, 30-31, 603-4,
    631-636, buys map by Thomas Jutchins, 194; on 
    Buffon's theory of central heat, 288-89, and 
    Maison Carree, 335-36; linguistic interests of,
    552-53, 582; as chairman of committee on "the
    natural history of the Hessidn fly," 690, retrieves
    books loaned out in Philadelphia, 859; on
    international status of scientific explorers, 1520
    Money problems as congressman, 275, 296; as
    president, 1588, 1591-92; as farmer, 1953, 1965;
    plans lottery to meet debts, 1953, 1965-66 
    Miscellaneous: on laboring poor in France, 390-  
    91; French furniture of, 662; disillusioned with 
    newspapers, 840, 1576; painted by Polk, 1120, 
    leaves Philadelphia for last time, 1137; as wine 
    connoisseur, 1361; on summers at Monticello, 
    1373; writes tombstone inscription, 1972

    FRIENDSHIP WITH MADISON On friendship with JM, 10-
    11, 13, 57, 60, 68, 1815 On abilities of JM: calls
    JM "greatest Man in the world," 13, 648; on 
    regard for JM's judgment, 26-27, 68, 273-74; 
    and first impressions of JM, 37-38, 52-53; on 
    "powers and polish of his pen," 68; shares 
    common interests with JM, 124-25; on 
    correspondence with JM, 206, 1729, 1893; 
    acquires portrait of JM, 648; and request by JM
    for TJ's aid as architect, 774, 791, 849, 1546; has    
    no secrets from JM, 1068; gives JM his portrait by 
    Koiciuszko, 1225 Purchasing agent for JM. ships
    books from Paris, 15, 332, 350, 492, 1351;
    statement of account with JM, 385-86, 487-89,
    493, 1584; makes purchases for JM in Philadelphia,
    1043-44, 1047, 1050-51, 1052, 1058, 1060, 1061;
    ships nails to JM, 1080, 1118 Camaraderie.
    reunited with JM in Philadelphia (1782), 207-98;
    reunited with JM in Philadelphia (1783), 271; and
    JM's romance with Kitty Floyd, 228-29, 264; urges
    JM to settle near Monticello, 283-84, 293, 336, 354-
    55; sends JM draft constitution for Virginia (1783)
    252-60; asks JM to keep weather information, 306;
    asks JM's advise on distribution of Notes, 334-35;
    invites JM to France, 336, 354-55, 671; praises JM
    for work on revisal of Virginia laws, 437; praises JM's
    contributions to Federalist, 524, 567; takes northern
    excursion with JM, 670-71, 687; invites JM to share
    house, 680, buys horse from JM, 663, 675-76, 677;
    and death of horse, 663, 664, 678; sends journal of
    European travels to JM, 671, 702; acquires bust and
    portrait  of JM, 648; on conferring of French
    citizenship on JM, 782; congratulates Madisons on
    their marriage, 848; sends greetings to Dolley, 983;
    on JM's health, 1176, 1197, 1713, 1725, 1726;
    regrets Mrs. Madison's knee operation, 1362, 1375
    Visits to Montpellier visits JM, 633, 922, 1067, 1140,
    1167, 1502, 1525, 1596, 1640, 1658; calls off visit
    to JM at Monroe's suggestion, 1109-10, 1120, 1121
    Madisons at Monticello., invites JM to Monticello,
    898, 984, 985, 986, 1133, 1145-46, 1184, 1246,
    1248-49, 1333, 1596, 1599, 1646, Political
    collaboration: congratulates JM on election to
    federal Congress, 610; accompanies JM on trip to
    Philadelphia, 662 - 64, 708; asks JM to report on
    Beckwith, 681-83; urges JM to reply to "Pacificus,"
    754; revises JM's "Helvidius" essays, 818; consults
    with JM and Monroe on party strategy, 821; urges JM
    to run for president in 1796, 854- 56, 868, 877, 943,
    949; asks JM to send copy of correspondence with
    Genet and Hammond, 871; on JM's campaign
    against Jay's treaty, 902; urges JM to write
    newspaper articles, 1034, 1035-36, 1073; urges JM
    to publish "Notes on Debates," 1089; praises JM's
    articles, 1098; consults JM on renewing Kentucky
    and Virginia resolutions, 1109; discusses cabinet
    appointments with JM, 1140; invites JM to
    Washington for, inaugural, 1154; invites Madisons to
    dinner at President's House, 1216; asks JM to revise
    message to Congress, 1218, 1251, 1396-97; asks JM
    to tally federal lawsuits, 1242; praises JM's pamphlet
    on Rule of 1756, 1408; attends Madison's
    inauguration, 1561, 1562; writes from retirement to
    JM, 1564; writes circular letter about relations with
    Madison, 1574; congratulates JM on retirement,
    1783, asks JM to revise annual report of University of
    Virginia, 1799, 1813; asks JM to revise letter on
    botanical school, 1970; final request to JM, 1960-
    61
    
    CONTINENTAL CONGRESS AND VIRGINIA LEGISLATURE
    Member of Continental Congress: Declaration of
    Independence and, 2, 234, 274-75; on tyranny of
    state legislatures, 27, 588; advocates periodic
    constitutional revision, 29-30; reaction to British
    colonial policy, 40-41; writes Summary View of the
    Rights of Bridsh America, 41-42; reaction of to Battle
    of Lexington, 44; rejects Lord North's conciliatory
    proposal, 44-45, 46; as delegate to second
    Continental Congress, 45; cooperates with John
    Dickinson in writing "Declaratiorr of Causes and
    Necessity for Taking Up Arms," 46-47; chairs
    committee to draft Declaration of Independence, 49;
    resigns from Continental Congress, 51 Member of
    Virginia legislature.drafts plan for military defense of
    Virginia, 43; appointed commander in chief of
    Albemarle County militia, 47; elected to Virginia
    convention, 48; constitutional proposals of adopted
    in Virginia, 51; on constitution making, 51; drafts law
    to abolish entail, 54, heads committee to revise
    Virginia laws, 54,330,364,393-94; and Virginia
    Statute for Religious Freedom, 55, 56, 458-59
    
    GOVERNOR OF VIRGINIA
    Elected as governor, 58, 59; entertains British
    prisoners of war, 63, 197; revises curriculum of
    William and Mary, 128; military recruitment of in
    1780, 128; and Revolutionary campaigns in the
    South, 132-34; recommend& anchorages for
    French fleet, 132, 154-55; offers reward for capture
    of Arnold, 133; on Arnolds's invasion of Virginia,
    172; last days as governor of, 176-77; legislature
    calls for inquiry into conduct of as govornor, 178,
    204, 205, on need for military supplies in Virginia,
    183-84; congratulates Washington on Yorktown
    victory, 205; on peace treaty with Great Britain, 209;
    tain, 209; on western land claims of Virginia, 213-14.
    
    CONFEDERATION CONGRESS
    First proposal for Library of Congress, 14;
    appointed yp peace commission, 207, 216;
    and suspension of peace commission, 209,
    226; elected to Virginia legislature in 1782
    but resigns, 215; drafts constitution for
    Virginia, 235-36; favors strengthening
    Confederation, 229, 232, 233, 285, 326-27,
    395, 396-97, 440, supports assumption of
    state debts (1783), 243, 244; replaces JM in
    Congress, 234, 270; lobbies for revenue
    system of 1783, 245; on federal courts under
    Confederation, 275; and Land Ordinance of
    1784, 276-77, 308-9, 311-13; supports
    Potomac canal, 281, 337; and ratification of
    peace treaty, 298-99; and western land
    speculation, 350, on East-West tensions
    during Confederation, 462
    
    MINISTER TO FRANCE
    Appointed minister plenipotentiary for foreign
    commercial negotiations, 285, 315, 325; succeeds
    Franklin as minister to France, 326; reports on
    diplomatic affairs in Europe, 352, 355, 380, 588-
    89, 600, 615-16; reports on anti-American aspect
    of British politics, 366; visits London to negotiate
    trade treaty, 398, 399, 417; on French political
    reforms (1787), 452, 526-28; tours southern
    France and northern Italy, 480, on renewal of
    appointment to France, 482-83, 505,
    511-12; urges transfer of debt from France to
    Holland, 486, on impost duties, 517; joins John
    Adams to negotiate Dutch loan, 525-26, 536, 767;
    and plan for funding foreign debt of United States,
    538, 569-75; submits accounts as minister to France,
    539-41, 553, 562-63; requests permission to return
    to United States, 567-68, 603, 606, 609, 613, 614-
    15, 618, 630, negotiates commercial treaty with
    France, 593; collaborates with Lafayette on French
    Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen,
    631; smuggles rice out of Italy, 512, 1244; recalls
    Trumbull in Paris, 1774
    
    SECRETARY OF STATE
    Early reactions to Constitution of, 27, 443, 445, 450-
    51, 458, 512-14, 542; on Shays's Rebellion, 438,
    46 1; on judiciary as protector of individual rights,
    447, 587; has second thoughts about Constitution,
    519-20; praises Constitution, 520, 522, 529-30,
    545; on need for Bill of Rights, 587-88, 598;
    opposes titles for president, 592; appointed secretary
    of state, 613, 631, 637, 640, 654; role of in location
    of national capital, 643-45, 659, 663, 707; and
    Nootka Sound incident, 645-47, 657-59; "Report
    on Weights and Measures," 647, 656-57; on
    conveying communications from states to Congress,
    655, 656; visits Rhode Island with Washington, 662;
    denies constitutionality of Bank of United States,
    666, 716, 740-41; and preface to Paine's Rights of
    Man, 667, 687-88; publicly critical of Hamilton, 667-
    68, 710, 745, 761-63, 763-64; champions
    French Revolution, 669, 749; writes "Report on the
    American Fisheries," 678-80;  critical of John
    Adams's "Discourses on Davila," 688; discusses
    European diplomatic tensions, 693, 699; and
    commercial reciprocity, 711; negotiates with
    Hammond on treaty violations, 712-13, 726-27,
    1260, and Howe's case, 717; on alloy of dollar, 718-
    19; submits report on proposed convention with
    Spain, 720, 721; urges Washington not to retire,
    726, 744, on contested election between Clinton
    and Jay, 731-32; on national debt of United States
    compared with European countries, 732; on
    Hamilton and Marshall, 735; on Jacobin party in
    France, 736; labeled "Generalissimo" of Republican
    party, 744; retires from Washington's cabinet, 745,
    753, 780-81, 799, 803, 805-6, 807, 811, 820, 821,
    881; argues for recognition of French Republic, 747-
    48; advocates "fair neutrality," 749, 751, 765-66,
    787, 798-99; and Genet, 752, 755-56, 775, 776,
    802, 803, 822; and Edmund Randolph, 752, 801-
    2; outlines party strategy in 1793, 756-57; praises
    Taylor's pamphlet on bank, 759-60, 809; on federal
    commissioners' compensation, 764-65; moves to
    Grays Ferry, 767, 768; letter to Monroe, 771-72;
    on  popular support for France, 782; predicts war
    with Spain, 787; plans new party strategy (1793),
    803; protests British seizure of noncontraband
    goods, 823; commercial report of, 823, 831-32; and
    commercial reciprocity, 823-24; on place of
    meeting of Congress, 829; on diplomatic contests in
    Europe, 829; ascribes William Loughton Smith's
    speech to Hamilton, 839; helps enforce excise tax,
    850
    
    RETIREMENT INTERLUDE
    Denounces denunciation of Democratic societies,
    853; denounces excise law and Washington's
    handling of Whiskey Rebellion, 854, 858, 864; on
    Hamilton's resignation, 856; identifies southern
    interest with Republican, 877-78; opposes Jay's
    treaty, 883, 885-86, 887-88, 889, 891-92, 900-1,
    906, 927, 928, 931, 940, 1586; prefers retirement
    over running for president in 1796,
    955-56; on Hamilton as "a colossus," 897-98;
    mistakenly identifies Hamilton as "Curthis," 997; and
    collection of laws of Virginia, 907- 15; reconciled to
    vice presidency, 944, 949-50, 955, 963, 966, 967;
    relations with John Adams after election of 1796,
    944-45, 946, 947, 953, 954-55, 956-58, 960, 962-
    63; critical of Washington, 955; appointed Virginia
    commissioner on Potomac boundary, 960-61
    
    VICE PRESIDENT
    Attends special session of Congress in 1797, 968;
    succeeds JM as Republican leader, 971, 995; writes
    petition against Cabell presentment, 974-75, 986-
    90, welcomes Monroe after recall from France, 977;
    letter to Mazzei, 985-86; lambasted as traitor by
    Federalists, 996-97, 1000, 1003, 1005, 1010, 1050;
    on Lyon-Griswold affair, 997; glosses over XYZ affair,
    999, 1001-2; on linkage between foreign policy and
    domestic repression, 1003; deplores Adams's replies
    to addresses, 1004, 1044; appraises alien bills, 1006,
    1052, 1054, 1056, 1059, 1063; on Marshall's return
    from France, 1007; on Logan's mission, 1008, 1009;
    on Federalist charge of treasonable correspondence
    between Republicans and France, 1009; on Monroe's
    vindication, 1013; on jury trial for impeachments,
    1016, 1023, 1025; on Republican strategy during
    quasi war with France, 1029; Suspicious of postal
    tampering, 1033, 1089, 1108, 1116-17, 1118, 1121,
    1139, 1142, 1143, 1145, 1153, 1161; on XYZ dis-
    patches, 1034-35, 1957; interprets Constitution mis-
    takenly, 1040 on elections of 1798, 1047; on battle
    of cockades, 1048, 1049; on absenteeism of
    Republicans, 1052; hopes for French invasion of
    England, 1057; sends petition for reform of British
    Parliament to Callender, 1058; leaves Congress
    before adjournment (1798), 1063-64; on his relations
    with Bache, 1065-66; interprets Constitution, 1069-
    70, 1080-84, and Virginia resolutions, 1071; on
    Lyon's conviction, 1071, 1079; fears use of force
    against Virginia, 1072-73, 1091; linking of by
    Harper to Logan's peace mission to France, 1074; on
    Adams's second peace mission, 1075, 1099; on
    reform of jury system in Virginia, 1075-78,
    1079,1121; sends Kentucky resolutions to JM, 1079-
    94; on moderation of Adams's speech (Dec. 1798),
    1086; outlines party strategy for election of 1800,
    1110, rejects federal common-law jurisdiction, 1112;
    on Bonaparte's overthrow of French Republic, 1112;
    compares Hamilton to Bonaparte, 1113; counsels
    with JM on renewin Kentucky and Virginia
    resolutions, 1118-19; on spoils system, 1121-22;
    supports defense of Callender, 1138; writes Manual
    of Parliamentary Practice, 1139; nominated for
    presidency in 1800, 1113, 1117, 1138, 1139; outlines
    party strategy for 1800, 1122; on tie vote with Burr,
    1140, 1142, 1143-44, 1154, 1156; on Adams's
    midnight appointees, 1143; seeks understanding with
    Adams, 1155
    
    PRESIDENT
    Remits Callender's fine, 1163; inaugural address,
    1164-65; selects cabinet, 1167; operates as chief
    executive officer, 1168-69; opposes paying tribute
    to Barbary States, 1170, 1210; personnel policy of,
    1170, 1185; rejects "midnight appointmenn" of
    Adams, 1171; pardons Freeman, 1179; interprets
    Constitution, 1180, 1181-82; and policy towards
    belligerents, 1188; on case of the Windsor, 1189;
    and circular letter to heads of departments, 1201;
    administrative procedures of, 1202-3, 1211-12;
    and condemnation of Sedition Act, 1203; and
    Gabriel's Rebellion, 1204; on revolution of 1800,
    1206, 1646-47; submits annual message to
    Congress in writing, 1206, on Hamiltonian system
    1207; domestic policies of, 1207-8; on Bonaparte
    and French control of Louisiana, 1209; requests
    tabular roll of federal employees, 1212; on number
    of federal lawsuits since 1789, 1218; on 
    negotiations for Louisiana, 1253, 1256, 1269-7 1,
    121-72, 1273, 1278, 1286, 1287, 1288-90, 1291,
    1327-28; on case of the Henrich, 1262; on
    negotiations for the Floridas, 1272-73, 1291;
    proposes armed batteries in every port, 1277; on
    rumored restoration of Bourbon dynasty, 1293, 1335;
    on French violations of neutral rights, 1295; on
    foreign intervention after Philadelphia capture, 1295-
    96, 1308, 1324-25; consults cabinet collectively and
    individually, 1303-4, on location of consuls, 1307 -
    8; on Stevens case, 1314; on religious freedom and
    church discipline, 1329; on admiralty cases and
    prizes, 1350 second inaugural of, 1353; on freedom
    and licentiousness of press, 1353-54; formulates
    foreign-policy priorities, 1354; considers alliance
    with Great Britain, 1355-56, 1357, 1358, 1359,
    1360, 1375, 1376, 1382, 1391, 1394; on civilizing
    process for Indians, 1364, on reception of Moreau,
    1381; suspects France of treacherous intentions,
    1381; and negotiations with Spain, 1387, 1400-1,
    1402, 1405; dual system of diplomatic
    correspondence, 1397; and reorganization of militia,
    1397, 1400, warlike message of 1805, 1404, teems
    Monroe and Pinkney for London negotiations,
    1408; bans Leander from American ports, 1410.
    message on neutral rights, 1414; plan for defense of
    New Orleans, 1416; Burr conspiracy, 1443, 1444,
    1445, 1489; critical of Monroe-Pinkney Treaty,
    1446, 1447, 1448, 1465, 1471, authorizes military
    preparations after attack on Chesapeake, 1449,
    1451, 1487-88, 1492, 1493, 1494; hopes French
    pressure makes Britain conciliatory, 1452, 1489-
    90; proposes convention of American and Spanish
    troops, 1456-57; deletes condemnation of standing
    armies, 1459-60; on defense expenditures, 1460;
    proposes constitutional amendment to support
    education and internal improvements, 1460; on
    agreement not to employ British seamen, 1465; and
    Backus case, 1479-80, 1486, 1490-92; sets goals
    for Floridas, 1486, denies participation in Miranda
    expedition, 1486; on reciprocity of river navigation,
    1498; urges preparedness measures, 1503; on
    breakdown of Chesapeake negotiations, 1504; on
    embargo or war, 1504, 1506, 1512-13, 1514-15,
    1540, 1549, 1552-53, and secret mission to
    Russia, 1510; sends message on fortifying harbors,
    1515-16; on British policy towards United States,
    1516-17, 1540; on Spanish right to navigate
    Mississippi, 1518; Edward Livingston's lawsuit
    over batture, 1521, 1620, 1633, 1640, 1642, 1690,
    1693; on army appointments, 1523; discusses
    seizing disputed Spanish territory, 1533; urged to
    seek third term. 1548; retires after second term,
    1548; abdicates leadership, 1549; signs bill
    repealing Embargo Act 1554; retires to Monticello,
    1554, 1563, 1576; lists final correspondence with
    Washington, 1558; defends embargo as temporary
    restriction of commerce, 1559; offers library to
    university if one is established, 1604
    
    RETIREMENT
    Daily routine inretirement of, 1563; on Latrobe's
    expensive tastes, 1565-66; on erskine Agreement,
    1567, 1585, 1591, 1600; on "empire for liberty,"
    1568; blasts British ministry, 1571, 1573; critical
    of Congress, 1576; on Monroe's break with John
    Randolph, 1580; on Bonaparte and Floridas, 1583,
    1586, and Short's letter of credence, 1595.
    advocates seizing Floridas in
    case of war, 1600;  on dismissal of "Copenhagen"
    Jackson, 1614; wishes a pox on both Great Britain
    and France, 1617; on England's claim to exclusive right
    to the sea, 1618, 1638; on revocation of French
    decrees, 1618, 1646; on reconciliation between JM
    and Monroe, 1610-11, 1654; on Duane's apostasy,
    1655, 1669; critical of Robert Smith's
    antiadministration pamphlet, 1670 on war or
    submission, 1674, 1678, 1679, 1690;  on embargo of
    1812, 1678; recommendations of, on conduct of War
    of 18 12, 1682, 1684, 1685, 1699, 1700, 1708-9,
    1711, 1712, 1719-21, 1723-25; on handling of  
    wartime dissidents, 1699; praises naval victories,
    1709, 1720; on Treaty of Ghent, 1734, 1748, 1755.
    1764, offers books for Library of Congress, 1745,
    1759, 1766; on wartime monetary policy, 1734-35,
    1739, 1745, 1748-50, commiserates with JM after
    British torch Washington, 1732, 1744; proposes
    federalization of militia, 1735; on postwar commercial
    diplomacy, 1755-56, on white paper on War of 1812,
    1756-57, 1763; and postwar lapse in correspondence
    with JM, 1772-73; welcomes JM's retirement, 1775,
    1791; and Albemarle Academy, 1776, and search
    committee for professors, 1779, 1894, 1958; and
    Central College, 1789, 1800-1;  organizes Albemarle
    Agricultural Society, 1792; drafts educational plan for
    Rockfish Gap meeting, 1793-94, 1804-5; and
    founding of University of Virginia, 1794-95, 1796,
    1797, 1798, 1799, 1810, 1813; establishes grammar
    school, 1798; on Andrew Jackson's invasion of East
    Florida, 1808; on Missouri crisis, 1821, 1829; builds
    new book collection, 1822; and Monroe Doctrine,
    1844-45; and Rotunda, 1856, 1860-61; and authorship
    of Washington's Farewell Address, 1863; favors
    seriatim opinions by Supreme Court, 32-35, 1852,
    1864-65, 1866; and reputation as author of
    Declaration of Independence, 1875-77; and
    Trumbull's print of Declaration of Independence,
    1878; Lafayette visits, 1889; and states' rights, 1916;
    and student discipline, 1920; favors discontinuance
    of William and Mary, 1921; writes "Solemn
    Declaration and Protest," 35, 36, 1944-46, 1954,
    1955, 1957, 1961-62, 1977; views internal
    improvements as consolidationist, 32, 1944-46,
    1954, 1977; reviews public services, 1952; on new
    generation, 1952-53; makes last will and testament,
    1959; and final meeting with JM, 1959; dissents on
    appointing president of university, 1969; uses term
    "nullification," 1990; and Rives, 1996. 
    
Jenkins, Captain Charles: master of Juno, 529
Jenkins, Charles Jones, 1301 
Jennifer, Daniel, of St. Thomas, 369,478 
Jersey greening apples, 511 
Jockey Club, of Alexandria, 265, 267 
John Adams (U.S. frigate): carries U.S. remittance
    to Holland, 1623; brings dispatches from Great
    Britain and France, 1631, 1634, 1636, 1637;
    mentioned, 1234, 1240, 1242, 1245, 1311 
Johnson, Chapman, 1820, 1824, 1839, 1840, 1853, 1920
Johnson, Sir John, 345 
Johnson, Samuel, 6 
Johnson, Thomas, 478, 508, 764, 806, 816, 828 
Johnson, William: and seriatim opinions, 1861; TJ's
    letter to, 1862-66, and controversy with Cooper,
    1868; mentioned, 1848, 1853, 1854
Johnson, William Samuel, 477, 579 
Johnson, Zachary, 509, 534, 605 
Johnston, Francis, 156-57 
Johnstown, N.Y., 203 
Jones, Evan, 1336, 1337, 1343
Jones; Gabriel, 509, 532, 542
Jones, John, 737
Jones, John Paul: delivers gunpower from France,
    165; and ratification of Articles of Confederation,
    17 1; and Catherine the Great, 630; sends his bust
    to TM, 610, 636, 649; mentioned, 152, 490, 495,
    506
Jones, Joseph: in Continental Congress, 129; on
    British invasion of Virginia, 133; confers with
    Luzerne, 163, 164, 165, 166, 167; and western land
    claims of Virginia, 211; at Princeton, 234, 266;
    replaced in Congress, 261; favors strengthening
    Confederation, 278; and British debts, 361-62;
    and Colonel Le Maire, 367; collects information
    for TJ, 408; declines reelection to Confederation
    Congress, 456; critical of Edmund Randolph, 817;
    and Jay's treaty, 887; mentioned, 145, 167, 201,
    222, 243, 265, 363, 997, 956
Jones, Meriwether, 1435
Jones, Michael, 1475
Jones, Mr. (clerk), 1179
Jones, Mr. (consul at Tunis), 1779
Jones, Mr. (at Guadaloupe), 1232, 1233
Jones, Mr. (petition for pardon), 1434
Jones, Robert H., 1525
Jones, W., 1273
Jones, Dr. Walter, 404- 5, 509, 534, 730, 1195, 1738
Jones, Wiley, 510
Jones, William: appointed secretary of navy, 1708,
    1712, 1714, 1721, 1722, 1733; mentioned, 1175
Jones, Willie, 153-54
Jordan, Richard, 1347
Jordan, Winthrop D, 13, 15, 16, 19-20, 21
Joseph II  (Holy Roman emperor), 262, 290, 365, 536
Jouett, Charles, 1767
Jouett, John, 177
Jouett, Robert, 928
Journals of the Continental Cangress 9
Joy, George, 615, 866, 1341, 1531
Judicial review: TJ advocates, under Confederation,
    480- 8 1; TJ favors, to protect individual rights,
    525; JM on, 1868 - 69, 1873, 1982; mentioned,
    1069, 1849-52, 1989
Judicial supremacy, 500, 1851-52
Judiciary Act of 1789: JM on, 1980, 1981; Calhoun
    on, 1980
Judiciary Act of 1801, 1143,1154-55,1156,1161,
    1207, 1218, 1245
Judiciary Department, establishment of, 622
Jury selection: TJ proposes reform of, in Virginia,
    1067, 1121
Justice, and majority rule, 448, 502



K
    
Kammen, Michael; quoted, 518 
Karamanli, Hamet, 1228 
Kaskaskia, 63, 78, 1347 
Kaskaskia Indians, 79, 1298 
Kaskaskia River, 1426 
Keeper of the seals, 544 
Kello, Samuel, 605 
Kelty, Mr., 1274 
Kemble, Mr.: see Kimball, Hazen 
Kemble, Peter 555 
Kemp, John, 696 
Kemper, Reuben, 1402 
Kemper, Samuel, 1402 
Kempers, the: case of, 1402 
Kemp's Landing, Va., 1724 
Kennedy, David, 76 
Kennedy, John F.: on TJ, 1;  on JM. 1, 1761 
Kenner, William, 1343 
Kent, James, 897 
Kentucky: statehood for, 295, 406, 566, 614, petitions
    Virginia legislature, 369; skirmishes with Indians in,
    421; and ratification of Constitution,
    535; and navigation of Mississippi, 607;
    Constitution of 1792, 729; coffee trees, 790, 794;
    Kentucky resolutions, 1067, 1068-69, 1070,
    1079-84, 1096, 1989; federal lawsuits in, 1217;
    war spirit in (1812), 1683
Kermelin, Baron de, 251
Kerr, George, 179, 180
Kerr, James, 1148
Kerr, Joseph, 1427
Kerr, MA, 166
Ketcham. Ralph: quoted, 1796
Key, Ann Bibb, 1145
Key, Edmund, 1347
Key, Francis Scott, 1734
Key, John, 296, 297 ,316, 342
Key, Thomas H., 1886, 1987, 1908, 1920, 1942
Kickapoo Indians, 1841
Killam, Mr., 1241, 1251
Kimball, Hazen, 1200, 1201
King, Cyrus, 1030
King, Rufus: as delegate to Constitutional
    Convention, 469, 477, 932; and JM, 685, 816,
    1211; on "Publicola," 691;  Jay on, 806;and
    Genet's appeal to people, 8ll; as New York
    senator, 860; Republican toast against, 883;
    appointed minister to Great Britain, 939;
    advocates peace with France, 981, 982; and
    retaliation bill, 1095; and arbitration commission,
    1214; and impressments, 1257, 1258, 1281; and
    return of Maryland bank stock, 1277; compares
    sale of Louisiana with sale of Dunkirk, 1279; on
    sale of Louisiana, 1283; accounts of as minister,
    1329; resigns as minister to Great Britain, 1354; as
    vice presidential candidate, 1352, 1548; on
    instructions to Erskine, 1569; on Trumbull's
    paintings, 1775; and Bonnycastle, 1886; and
    University of Virginia, 1940; mentioned, 1010,
    1213, 1226, 1247, 1274, 1276, 1332
King and Queen Courthouse, Va., 155
King, William, 1326
King of Wurttemberg, 1430, 1435, 1436
King's Mountain, Battle of, 1922
Kingston, N.Y., 267, 1463, 1703
Kinlock, Francis, 530
Kirby, Ephraim, 1272, 1336, 1337
Kirby, John B., 1465
Kirkland, John T., 1837
Kirkland, Samuel, 347
Kirkpatrick, William, 1265
Kittera, John Wilkes, 976
Knapp, John, 993
Knox, Henry: heads War Department, 594, 613; and
    plan for militia, 649; dines with Joseph Brant, 733;
    and neutrality, 749; on Democratic society of
    Philadelphia, 756-57; and Genet's recall, 803;
    resignation of, 856, 866; succeeded by Pickering,
    869, 886; bankruptcy of, 1086; and fortiflcations at
    Newport, 1187; mentioned, 196, 554, 902, 818, 828
Knox, James, 96, 104, 111
Knyphausen, Wilhelm Baron von, 141
Koch, Adrienne, 10, 11, 524, 1068
Koiciuszko, Tadeusz, 1225, 1469, 1699, 1700, 1703
Kosloff, Nicholas, 1782
Kuhn, Peter, Jr., 1381
Kurtz, Stephen G.: quoted, 948, 980, 1042, 1085



L
    
Lafayette, Marie-Joseph-Paul-Yves-Roch-Gilbert du
    Motier, marquis de: and Arnold's treason, 132, 147;
    and Arnold's invasion of Virginia, 169, 172-73, 181;
    pledges personal credit for military supplies, 174;
    and General Phillips, 198; and Spain's policy on
    Mississipp River, 329, 370; first postwar visit to
    United States, 328, 381, JM's appraisal of, 328-29,
    343, 374; at Indian treaty negotiations, 344-45, 345-
    46, 347-49; made
    citizen of Virginia, 346, 394, 403; TJ's appraisal of,
    365, 436, as auxiliary to TJ in France, 400, 401,
    457, 463; busts of, commissioned, 329, 411, 465,
    194 1; TJ proposes gift of land to, 419, 1369;
    collaborates with TJ on Declaration of the Rights
    of Man and the Citizen, 528, 631; during French
    Revolution, 527-29, 543, 582-83, 584-85, 603,
    625, 696; and James Swan, 899; JM writes, 554;
    and George Washington Greene, 653; Louisiana
    lands of, 1350, 1608, 1623, 1659; debts of, 1631;
    visits America as nation's guest. 1889-89, 1899,
    1902; visits Montpellier, 1907; visits Monticello,
    1907; mentioned, 189, 772, 903, 1545, 1546, 1767,
    1783
La Harpe, Jean-Francois, 1311
    Lake Champlain: American victories on, 1731, 1732,
    1734, 1737; mentioned, 670, 1507, 1730
Lake Eric, 1372, 1712, 1729
Lake George, N.Y., 670
Lake Ontario, 1703, 1712, 1731
Lake Superior, 1219
Lambert, Claude Guillaume, 11, 544
Lambert, William, 897
Larnothe, William, 74, 75, 94, 119
Lancaster, Pa., 548, 552, 1194
Land Act of 1796, 920-21, 925
Land bounty, 120
Landless poor: in France, 333-34, 390, in America,
    334, 390-91
Land Ordinance of 1794, 18, 277, 309, 311-13
Land tax (1799), 1042, 1049, 1054
Langdon, John: refuses to vote on naturalization bill,
    1059; rejects Navy Department! 167, 1174;
    mentioned 579, 860, 945, 962-63, 976, 1031
Languedoc, France, 464, 17Z4
Lansing, Abraham, 469, 478
La Plata provinces, 1243
Laporte, Mr., 1798, 1812-13
La Rochefoucauld-Ligncourt, Francois.
    Alexandre-Frediric, duc de, 902, 903, 927
Lastayrie, M. de, 1783
Latimer, George, 1231
Latimer, Henry, 873
Latouche, Captain de: see Destouches,
    Charles-Reni-Dominique Gochet, Chevalier
Latrobe, Benjamin Henry: compares TJ and JM, 12;
    sues Thornton for libel, 1436; refurnishes
    President's House, 1565; and remodeling of
    Montpellier, 1570; claims additional
    compensation, 1577, 1579-80, 1581; mentioned,
    1135, 1435, 1547, 1724
Lattimore, David, 1368, 1370
Laurance, John, 976, 1062
Laurens, Henry: imprisoned in the Tower of London,
     152, 208; exchanged for Lord Cornwallis; 224; on
     earl of Shelburne 249; mentioned, 306, 469, 478
Laussat, Pierre-Clement de, 1306, 1308, 1328, 1387
La Vallette, Charles Francois Chandeon, Chevalier
    de, 225
La Vauguyon, Paul Francois de Quelen de Stuer de
    Caussade, duc de, 625
La Villebrance, Jacques Aime Le Sarge, chevalier de.
    See Villebrune, Jacques Aime Le Sarge, chevalier
    de la
La Villebrune, Jacques Aime Le Sarge, Chevalier de,
    See Villebrune, Jacques Aime Le Sarge, chevalier
    de la
Law, Judge, 1248
Law, Richard, 1234,1236
Law of nations, 360, 1196, 1291, 1338, 1356, 1394,
    1398, 1409, 1412-14
Lawson, Mr., 534
Lay, Mr., 1943
Lead,173,184,190,295
League of Armed Neutrality, 153, 250
Leander (British warship), 1410, 1415, 1428, 1462,
    1463
Leander (U.S. ship), 1436,1437
Lear, Benjamin L., 1761
Lear, Tobias: secretary to President Washington,
    655, 656, 701, 702; TJ considers for Navy
    Department, 1174; TJ appoints, as commercial
    agent to Santo Domingo, 1190, 1208, 1225; consul
    general to Algiers, 1265, 1266, 1267, 1494; and
    peace treaty with Tripoli, 1296, 1315, 1325, 1510-
    11; JM on, 1302-3; and Mellimelli, 1438;
    mentioned, 1277, 1301, 1340, 1342, 1421, 1428,
    1429
Leavenworth, Henry, 1664
Le Blanc, Georges-Pierre, 833
Leblanc, Regis, 1096, 1097
Leclerc, Charles-Victor-Emmanuel, 
    1208, 1225, 1227, 1240, 1255
Lee, Arthur: elected to Confederation Congress, 261;
    and peace treaty, 293; TJ on, 294; as Indian
    commissioner, 309,347-48; in Virginia legislature,
    370, 401; opposes ratification, 505; member of
    Treasury board, 563; and Bank of United States,
    696; mentioned, 245, 251, 283, 743, 1747
Lee, Charles: and Jay's treaty, 902; supports carriage
    tax, 925; attends Washington bell, 998, 1024; TJ
    attributes "Scipio's" essays to, 1913, 1017; on
    Duane's indictment, 1183; mentioned , 921, 971,
    978, 979, 1024, 1161
Lee, General Charles, 49
Lee, Eliza, 1775
Lee, Francis Lightfoot, 534
Lee, Henry ("Light Horse Harry"): on excise tax,
    689; and Freneau, 700; TJ sends greetings to, 703;
    on Coxe and Hamilton, 704; and state banks, 740,
    742; and Proclamation of Neutrality, 830;
    commands troops against Whiskey Rebellion, 851,
    859; and Backus case, 1480; mentioned, 614, 630,
    694, 704, 705, 1490, 1491
Lee, Henry, Jr., 534
Lee, Ludwell, 476, 961
Lee, Mr., 91
Lee, R. B., 763
Lee, Richard Bland, 605, 768
Lee, Richard Henry: writes address to citizens of
    Great Britain, 47; and Declaration of Independence,
    49, 1845, 1947, 1876, 1877; in Virginia legislature,
    278; favors revision of Virginia Constitution, 282,
    318, 322; president of Confederation Congress,
    388, 408, 456; and citizenship for Lafayette, 403;
    opposes ratification, 505, 515; as Antifederalist
    senator from Virginia, 579, 590-91, 612, 613, 621,
    718, 743; and secession, 643; mentioned, 51, 88,
    186, 245, 476
Lee, Robert, 1279, 1301
Lee, Thomas Ludwell, 54
Lee, Thomas Sim, 168, 508 - 9
Lee, William, 155, 161
Lee, William: consul at Bordeaux, 1367, 1373, 1423,
    1425, 1474, 1647, 1649; replies to Robert Smith's
    attack on JM, 1655, 1671
Lee, William, Jr., 1332,
Lee, William R., 1231, 1250
Lee family, 896- 97
Lefebvre, Georges: quoted, 603, 631
Leghorn, Italy, 1228, 1852
Legislative sovereignty: JM critical of, 441, 442,
    470
Legislature: TJ and JM's use of term, in Kentucky
    and Virginia resolutions, 1072
Leib, Michael, 1206, 1650, 1651, 1738
Leiper, Thomas: handles TJ and JM's tobacco sales,
    693, 1241, 1242; mentioned, 689, 733, 819, 1244,
    1666
Le Maire, Etienne, 1428, 1467, 1583
Le Maire, Jacques: Virginia's commercial agent, 66,
    98, 351-52; TJ makes loan to, 381, 414, 416 
    returns to France, 407 - 8; mentioned, 487, 489
L'Enfant, Pierre Charles, 708
Lenox, David, 1213, 1326
Lenthall, John, 1547, 1577, 1579-80
Lenud's Ferry, S.C., 143
Leoben, Treaty of, 981, 983
Leonard, John, 1301
Leonidas (ship), 1526, 1529
Leopard (British warship), 1445
Leslie, Alexander, 197
Leslie, Sir John, 1904, 1905
Leslie, Professor, 1788,1789
Letombe, Philippe-Andre-Joseph de, 1014, 1055,
    1190
Letters: TJ and JM on, 4, 6, 1863; James Agee on, 5;
    Carl Becker on, 5; Nathaniel Hawthorne on, 5; as
    intimate conversation, 6; in eighteenth century, 7;
    formality of TJ and JM's, 9; and intimate
    friendship, 13; as autobiography, 125
Letters from an American Farmer
    (Michel-Guillaume St. Jean de Crivecouer), 532
Letters of marque, 166
L'Eveille (French warship), 182
Le Veillard, Louis-Guillaume, 400
Levi, Mr., 242
Levy, Leonard: quoted, 1111
Levy, Mr., 1363
Lexington, Battle of, 44
Leyden Gazette, 410, 1306
Lewis, Andrew, 96
Lewis, Meriwether, 1167, 1257, 1268, 1434, 1606, 
    1608, 1609, 1623
Lewis, Mr., 1087
Lewis, Mr., 1134, 1135, 1145
Lewis, Nicholas, handles TJ's finAncial affairs, 364;
    mentioned, 355, 494, 562, 589, 649, 1160-61,
    1673, 1727
Lewis, Mrs. Nicholas, 1673
Lewis, Nicholas, Jr., 1673
Lewis, St., 1272
Lewis, Thomas, 534, 1436, 1437, 1438
Lewis, Warner, 605
Lewis, William, 828, 921
Lewis and Clark expedition, 1257, 1459, 1608
L'Hommedieu, Ezra, 878
Liancourt, duc de. See La Rochefoucauld-Liancourt,
    Francois-Alexandre-Frederic, duc de
Libby, Richard, 1465
Liberty: and republican government, 448; and 
    education, 514, 1821; JM discusses power and, 522, 
    523-34; and  power, 565; and Bill of Rights,
    595-98; Washington on, 600; and order, 669-70,
    TJ on French Republic and, 749, 757-58; JM on,
    and French Revolution, 794; and university, 1960,
    1967; and Lafayette's 1824 visit, 1899
Liberty (JM's horse), 1791
Library Company of Philadelphia, 146
Library of Congress: 14, 15, 208, 1360, 1731, 1732,
    1745
Lilac. 840
Limestone, Mississippi district, 1476
Limozin, Andri: U.S agent at Havre, 385, 460,
    485-87, 488, 493, 508, 568
Lincoln, Benjamin, 473,1086
Lincoln, Levi: TJ's appraisal of, 1149; appointed
    attorney general, 1167; as acting secretary of state,
    1174, 1175; and Duane's indictments, 1183; and
    Bingham's case, 1194; and Yazoo land
    compromise, 1221-22, 1405; rejects Supreme
    Court appointment, 1621, 1647, 1648, 1659;
    mentioned, 1173, 1219, 1227, 1260, 1311, 1324
Lindemann, Mr. (governor of Danish West Indies),
    1261
Lindsay, Joseph (of New Orleans), 106-7
Lindsey, Reuben (TJ's neighbor), 1381, 1645, 1807,
    1822
Linn, James, 1140, 1154
Linnaeus, Carolus, 690
Lisbon, Portugal, 1128, 1130, 1132, 1190, 1197
Liston, Robert: and Blount conspiracy, 992, 1011,
    1019, 1326; and Duane's indictment for libeling,
    1183. See also "Liston's plot"
"Liston' plot," 992, 1011. See also Blount, William
Literary Fund: Virginia legislature and, 1793, 1796,
    1803; and University of Virginia, 18 17, 1818, 1819,
    1837, 1843, 1861, 1862
Lithgow's case, 1839
Little Belt (British sloop of war), 1656, 1669, 1675
Littlepage, Lewis, 544
Little's Lane, Virginia, 1167, 1176
Livermore, Edward St. Loe, 1185
Livermore, Samuel, 976, 1086, 1090, 1093
Liverpool, Lord, 1688, 1690, 1691, 1698. See also
    Hawkesbury, Robert Banks Jenkinson, second
    Baron
Livingston, Edward: election of, 854, 865, 872; and
    documents relating to Jay's treaty, 890-91, 925,
    926; leaves Congress early, 1052; rides with
    Marshall from New York, 1060; drowned out in
    debate, 1100, and Robbins's affair, 1128; and
    election of 1800, 1129; shortage in his office as
    district attorney, 1274, 1620, and Laussat, 1308;
    and Baron de Bastrop, 1330; and Lafayette, 1369,
    sues Jefferson over batture, 15 18-19, 1521,
    1619-20, 1633, 1634, 1640, 1644, moves to New
    Orleans, 1620; and nullification doctrine, 1987-
    88, 1995; mentioned, 1198, 1301
Livingston, Henry Brockholst, 1334, 1363
Livingston, Robert R.: on committee to draft
    Declaration of Independence, 47, 1875; as secretary
    of foreign affairs, 221, 222, 234-35, 250-51;
    candidate for secretary of the treasury, 613; TJ and
    JM visit on northern excursion, 670; Washington
    on, 806; opposes Jay's treaty, 884, 896, 897; runs
    for governor of New York, 1013; rejects TJ's offer
    of Navy Department, 1140, 1154, 1156, 1160,
    1167, 1174; minister to France, 1169-70, 1190,
    1195, 1196, 1197, 1198, 1199, 1200, 1283; and
    negotiations for Louisiana, 1233, 1256, 1272, 1279,
    1289, 1290; forces Sumter's resignation, 1238,
    1246, 1247; TJ critical of, 1255, 1265-66, 1278,
    1338; JM critical of 1255, 1264; and captured crew
    of Philadelphia, 1305; letter from, 1323, 1332,
    1342; reduces Skipwith's salary, 1334; and
    American claims for spoliations against France,
    1310, 1331, 1337, 1345; visits London, 1334;
    mentioned, 172, 828, 1213, 1225, 1227, 1234,
    1235, 1246, 1281, 1311, 1366
Livingston, William, 478
Livingston v. Jefferson, 1620
Llewellensburg, 1347
Lloyd, Edward, IV, 660
Lloyd, James, 1013, 1064, 1065, 1196
Lloyd, Thomas, 607, 982
Locke, John, 6, 808, 1845, 1876, 1909, 1919, 1924
Logan, Deborah Norris (Mrs. George), 1008, 1O09
Logan, George: and JM's plows, 769, 770, 793-94,
     978, 1624; sends pamphlet to JM, 787; writes
     book an crop rotation, 961; unofficial peace
     mission to France of, 1008, 1061; and Logan Act,
     1073, 1074, 1086, 1088, 1090-91, 1103, 1193;
     elected to Pennsylvania legislature, 1074, 1096;
     pretended memorial of, 1088; on trade with Santo
     Domingo, 1371; role in negotiations for Florida,
     1406; mentioned, 871, 1086
Lomax, John Tayloe, 1897, 1916, 1939, 1959, 1964,
     1969, 1970
Lomenie de Brienne, Etienne-Charles de. 543
London (British warship), 164
London, England, 1192, 1213, 1324, 1915
London Times, 1255
Long, George, 1886, 1887, 1908, 1912, 1920, 1942
Longchamps, Charles Julien, 320, 349
Long Island, N.Y., 543, 687
Long Island, Va., 110
Longman and Company, 1898
Lookout boats, 115
Looming, 734
Lorient, France, 1132, 1246
Lorton's Tavern, Charles City County, Va., 908
Lottery. See Jefferson, Thomas: Personal life
Louis XIV (king of France), 394, 1186, 1521
Louis XVI (king of France): confers military honor
    on John Paul Jones, 171; promises financial
    assistance to United States, 200, 486; TJ*s
    appraisal of, 481-82; abrogates power of
    provincial parlements, 527; and constitutional
    reforms, 600, 601-2; capitulation of, 602; and
    taxation, 617, 618; and National Assembly,
    624-25; arrested, 747; mentioned, 250, 769
Louis XVIII (king of France), 1758
Louisa County, Va., 1776
Louisiana: and Bonaparte, 1209, 1254, 1255;
    purchase of, 1253, 1254-55, 1236,1297, 1299; TJ
    researches boundaries of, 1282; TJ proposes
    constitutional amendment dealing with, 1282,
    1289; TJ on significance of, 1287, 1288, 1290, and
    Anglo-American reconciliation, 1294; delivery of,
    to Spain (1762), 1305-6; and spoliation claims,
    1331-32; TJ proposes citizenship for residents of,
    1335; boundaries of, 1356, 1396; commissioners of,
    1417, 1418; and West Florida, 1651
Louisville, Ky., 1251, 1263
Loune, Messrs., 1522
Lownes, Caleb, 920, 923, 929, 935
Loyalists, 59, 711, 712
Loyall, George, 1853,  1856, 1894, 1926, 1930, 1931
Lucas, John Baptiste Charles, 1365
Lucas, Nathaniel, 81
Lucius Caesar, 384
Ludlow, Charles, 1262
Lumsden, William, 1118
Lundy's Lane, Battle of, 1731
Luzerne, Anne-Cesar, chevalier de la: and
    ratification of Articles of Confederation, 129, 171;
    and Benedict Arnold, 132, 147; and Romulus, 199,
    and TJ's appointment to peace mission, 216, 224,
    226; and Peace of Paris, 274; tours United States,
    311; as French ambassador to Great Britain, 544,
    698; mentioned, 154, 155, 167, 182, 195, 200, 203,
    294, 462
Luzerne, Cesar-Henri, comte de la, TJ's appraisal of,
    544, 626
Luzerne, marquise de Is (Mrs. Anne-Cesar), 544
Lycian Confederacy, 498
Lycurgus: JM on, 2
Lyman, Mr., 1666
Lyman, William, 924, 1230
Lynch, Anthony, 1246
Lynch, Marcus, Jr., 1332
Lynch, Mr., 1246
Lynchburg, Va., 1697, 1783, 1800, 1928
Lynd, Staughton, 15
Lynhaven Bay, 1560, 1722
Lynnhaven River, 1711, 1720, 1723, 1724
Lyon, James, 1155, 1156
Lyon, Matthew: attempt to expel from House, 997,
     1020, 1087; convicted of sedition, 1071, 1079;
     reelected while in jail, 1074, 1086; and tie vote in
     1800, 1144, 1161; mentioned, 1155
Lyon-Griswold affair, 1021-22, 1026, 1030



M
    
Mably, Gabriel Bonnot de, 485, 488, 858, 876
MacAllister, Archibald T., 676
Macarty, William, 581
McCally, Hugh, 1581
McClay, William, 554, 563, 579, 1031 
McClurg, James: is delegate to Constitutional  
    Convention, 476, 477, 4778, 503; supports  
    ratification, 509; Washington on, 806-7;
    mentioned, 696, 828 
McColley, Robert, 15,16 
McCoy, Drew R., 23, 1989 
McDonald, Forrest: quoted, 519 
Macdonough, Thomas, 1731, 1732, 1734, 1744
McDougal, Alexander, 179, 188 
McDougall, George, 1523
McDowall, General. See McDougal, Alexander
McFarland, George, 1347 
McGee, Mr.: buys nails for JM, 1118; mentioned, 
    1085, 1087, 1089-90, 1147, 1148 McGehee,
    William, 1644-45 Macgruder's grist mill, 1429,
    1486 
McHenry. James: is delegate to Constitutional 
    Convention, 478; appointed secretary of war,
    919; attends Washington bell, 998, 1024; Adams
    dismisses, 1117; mentioned, 1020, 1028, 1039
Machias, Maine, 1464 
Machir, James, 979
MacIntosh, Lachlan, 71 
McIlwaine, H. R., 60-61 
McKean, Thomas, 1013, 1129, 1227, 1241, 1292,
    1380, 1472 
McKinley, Mr., 1530 
McKinney, John, 105 
McLanachan, Blair, 1053 
McLean, Archibald, 691 
McNeill, Daniel, 1228, 1235, 1236 
Macomb, Alexander, 1734 
Macon, Nathaniel, 1055, 1150, 1615, 1616, 1619
McPherson, Charles, 1132 
McPherson, Christopher, 1132, 1133, 1134
McPherson, Clarinda, 1132 
McPherson's Blues, 1741 
Mcradie, Mr., 1427 
Madeira, 1192 
Madeira wine, 1828 
Madison, Dolley Payne Todd: marries JM, 847-49; 
    TJ sends respects to, 858, 1050, 1121, 1146, 1176,
    1177, 1704, TJ sends greetings to, 860, 872, 923,
    928, 932, 982, 1014, 1017, 1018, 1021, 1023,
    1028, 1036, 1726; TJ urges, not let JM retire, 868;
    TJ invites, to, visit Monticello with JM, 
    986, 1481, 1486, 1492, 1533, 1537, 1658, 1805, 1814;
    enjoys visits to Monticello, 992, 1489; TJ sends
    salutations to, 1040, 1045, 1058, 1060, 1061, 1080, 
    1089, 1092, 1093, 1098, 1130, 1131, 1133, 1146,
    1148, 1160, 1161, 1174, 1175, 1191, 1284, 1371,
    1375, 1434, 1589, 1604, 1640, 1700, 1767, 1780,
    1786, 1788, 1807, 1825, 1841; visits Monticello,
    1118, 1139, 1730, 1772, 1777, 1785, 1796; TJ
    carries purchases for, from Philadelphia, 1136,
    1145; on account with TJ's nailery, 1147; and
    TJ's family, 1185; TJ thanks, 1273; and Mrs.
    Pichon, 1341; expects company, 1342; in
    Philadelphia for knee operation, 1354, 1360, 1361
    -62, 1372-73, 1374; slow recovery of, 1357,
    1362, 1377, 1379, 1380, 1384, 1385-86,
    1388, 1391, 1394, TJ wishes speedy recovery for,
    1362, 1373, 1375, 1376, 1381, 1383, 1391, 1395;
    buys wig for Martha Randolph, 1362; returns to
    Washington, 1362; TJ on surgery of, 1387; and
    Dr. Park, 1393; described by Margaret Bayard
    Smith, 1562; described by Louisa Catherine
    Adams, 1563; and JM move into President's
    House, 1565; and Latrobe refurnish President's
    House, 1565; on Us list of final correspondence
    with Washington, 1558; TJ recommends gardener
    to, 1583-84; TJ's affection for, 1727, 1853;
    reunited with JM after British burn Washington,
    1731; and regard for Martha Randolph, 1744,
    1823; painted by Wood, 1775;
    retirement routine of, 1791; sculpted by Coffice,
    1804; and friendship for Randolph children, 1815,
    1816, Coffea's regard for, 1826; on TJ's views of
    Constitution, 1850; Anne Newport Royal] on, 1974-75
Madison, Francis Taylor (JM's sister), 967, 984. See
    also Rose, Frances Taylor Madison

MADISON, JAMES
    PERSONAL LIFE 
    Characteristics: archives and letters of, 3, 125; and
    gossip, 7-8; sense of humor of, 8-9, 171, 671,
    1686; love of books of, 14; TJ purchases books for.
    in Paris, 15; studies government and law, 38, 277-
    78, 286; description of, in 1776, 53-54; suspicions
    of postal tampering of, 1036; painted by Wood,
    1775; art collection of, 1792 Family life., at Mrs.
    House's boardinghouse, 228; marries Dolley Payne
    Todd, 847, 848; buys French furniture, 849; TJ
    congratulates, on marriage, 858; nurses wife after
    her knee operation, 1354, 1361-62, 1373, 1388,
    1389; and retirement from Congress, 947, 967; and
    retirement from presidency, 1776, 1799-1800
    Slavery. antislavery views of, 17, 18-19, 23-24,
    26; on white prejudice against blacks, 21-22; and
    colonization of emancipated slaves, 22; on
    manumission, 23; slavery and aristocratic
    government, 24; on diffusion of slavery, 25; as
    slaveholder, 26 Farming. and plows, 785, 1622-23,
    1625, 1626; adds portico to Montpellier, 787; on
    rotation farming, 820, visits Montpellier, 1256-57,
    1570, 1572, 1637, 1658, 1713, 1726, 1742; and
    merino sheep, 1621-22, 1627, 1630, 1634, 1635,
    1636-3708, 1638-39, 1641, 1649; interest in
    agriculture of, 1792; as president of Albemarle
    Agricultural Society, 1792 Health. fear of epilepsy
    of, 14; and cholera morbus, 14; illness of, 693,
    697, 1122, 1204, 1713; health of, 708, 1156, 1159,
    1160, 1167, 1172, 1175, 1195, 1197, 1204, 1641,
    1703, 1836 Intellectual intere.017 on periodic
    constitutional revision, 29-30, on TJ's generational
    theory, 30-31, 604, 640-42, 650-53; on Buffon's
    theories, 284, 288-89; on Incognitum, 284; on
    monax and marmotte. 421-23; observations on TJ's
    draft constitution, 553-62 Personal relations.
    critical of John Adams, 7, 479, 563, 668-69, 689-
    90, visits George Mason, 286; joins Lafayette on
    western trip, 328-29, 343, 344-45, 348-49; visits
    Washington, 388-99; Mazzei gives power of
    attorney to, 676; and Monroe, 830, 831, 949, 1010,
    1012; Lafayette visits, 1889 Finances: purchases land
    on Mohawk River, 400, 432-33, 538; western lands of,
    428; indebtedness of, 1953-54, 1967 Miscellaneous:
    John Adams on presidency of, 1. 1761; John F.
    Kennedy on, 1, 1761; Luzerne's appraisal of, 273; on
    laboring poor, 397-98, 423-24; as historian, 1981,
    1983-84, 1986, 1987, 1988, 1996, 1999-2000,
    2001; George Tucker and Robert Scott on, 1974-
    75
    
    FRIENDSHIP WITH JEFFERSON
    On friendship with TJ, 10-11, 57, 60, 68, 228;
    compared with TJ, 11-12; described by TJ, 13, 52;
    on TJ's rhetoric & excess, 13, 1978; regard for TJs
    judgment, 26-27; shares interests with TJ, 14-15, 124-
    25; and first impressions of TJ, 37-38, 52-53; deplores
    TJ's retirement as governor, 190, 205, 209-10; asks
    Congress to reinstate TJ as peace commissioner,
    207; asks TJ to research Virginia's western land
    claims, 210, 211; briefs TJ on revenue system of
    1783, 23 1; briefs TJ on congressional issues, 231-
    35; briefs TJ on location of national capital, 267-69;
    and revision of Virginia laws, 283, 323, 393-94, 401-
    3; keeps TJ
    informed in France, 326; defends TJ against charge
    of land speculation, 331, 342; intrigued by gadgets
    shipped from France, 332; TJ sends Notes to, 34 -35,
    392, 401,419; briefs TJ on Viqinia legislation
    (1784), 155-63; thanks TJ for "literary cargo," 413
    pushes TJ's plan for Virginia Capitol, 413; sends TJ
    satement of accounts, 416, briefs TJ on
    Constitutional Convention, 442, 467-68; briefs TJ
    on ratification campaign in Virginia, 520, 541-42;
    sends Federalist to TJ, 524; acquires portrait of TJ,
    648; urges TJ not to retire as secretary of state, 745,
    777, 816; orders nails from TJ, 1146, 1147; Dolley
    and, move into White House temporarily with TJ,
    1167; TJ on, as auxiliary, 1353; brings TJ's great
    coat, 1433; retrieves session laws for TJ, 1467; pays
    tribute to TJ, 1561; on TJ's contributions, 1975-76;
    as custodian of TJ's reputation, 1978-79, 1989-90,
    1991-93, 1994-95, 2000-1 Camaraderie: is reunited
    with TJ in Philadelphia (1782), 207-8; is reunited
    with TJ in 1783, 271; and education of TJ's
    nephews, 285; accompanies TJ on trip to Virginia
    (1790), 662-64; accompanies TJ on trip to
    Philadelphia (1790), 664; takes northern excursion
    with TJ, 670-71, 689; thanks TJ for invitation to
    share house, 680-81; TJ sends journal and map of
    European travels to, 703, 704; travels to and from
    Virginia with TJ (1791), 708 Consultant. advises TJ
    about letter to Mazzei, 972; asked by TJ for revision
    of message to Congress, 1203; sends revisions, 1216-
    18, 1297, 1349, 1364, 1395, 1401, 1458-60, 1559;
    visits TJ to counsel on renewal of Kentucky and
    Virginia resolutions, 1119 Visits to Monticello: first
    visit of, 639; visits in 1790, 664; visits in 1795, 857;
    visits in 1800, 1139; TJ invites, 1187; visits with
    Thorntons, 1246; visits in 1803, 1282, 1290; TJ
    invites, 1435; visits in 1806, 1437, 1442; visits in
    1807, 1489; visits in 1808, 1535; visits in 1809,
    1572, 1597; visits in 1811, 1658; resumes annual
    visits in 1815, 1759; visits in 1816, 1772; visits in 1819, 
    1814; visits in 1920, 1823; visits in 1825, 1941
    
    REACTION TO BRITISH COLONIAL POLICY
    Reaction of, to Boston Tea Party, 38; supports
    action by first Continental Congress, 42; ejected to
    Orange County Committee of Safety, 43; reaction to
    Battle of Lexington, 44; as marksman, 45; praises
    authors of "Declaration of Causes and Necessity for
    Taking Up Arms," 47; appointed colonel of Orange
    County militia, 47
    
    VIRGINIA LEGISLATURE
    Elected to Virginia convention, 48: votes for
    independence, 49; and religious freedom, 50; on
    Virginia Constitution of 1776, 51; and revision of
    Virginia laws, 55; serves on Committee on
    Religion, 55; loses bid for reelection in 1777, 57
    
    VIRGINIA EXECUTIVE COUNCIL
    Elected to: serves with Governor Patrick Henry, 57,
    59; on TJ's council, 59; writes letter for TJ's
    signature as governor, 61, 84
    
    CONTINENTAL AND CONFEDERATION CONGRESS
    Elected to Continental Congress, 61, 69; on paper
    money, 125; on state control of Revolutionary
    financing, 126-27, 137, 138; and cession of western
    land claims, 130-31; and navigation of Mississippi
    River, 131, 151, 343, 370, 395-96, 396, 431, 538,
    720; on Arnold's treason, 132; on British invasion of
    Virginia, 133; on Continental finance, 136;
    celebrates ratification of Articles, 171; expedites
    military supplies to Virginia, 173-74, 180-81;
    proposes coercing states to meet
    Confederation needs, 175, 186-87, 194, 211, 330,
    387- 88; on collapse of Continental currency, 176;
    on victory at Yorktown, 205; and first proposal for
    Library of Congress, 14, 208; on peace  treaty with
    Great Britain, 209, 299-300; on Virginia's western
    land claims, 210, 215, 247-48; favors strengthening
    Confederation, 229-32; proposes revenue system of
    1783, 230-31; supports assumption of state debts
    (1783), 243; and end of first term in Congress, 273;
    on constitutional issues under Confederation, 276
    
    VIRGINIA LEGISLATURE REVISITED
    Reelected to Virginia Home, 270, 278, 279, 308;
    and Virginia port bill, 279-80 and revision of
    Virginia Constitution, 282; on postwar economic
    conditions in Virginia, 286, 420, interprets Articles of
    Confederation, 301-2; critical of Virginia Executive
    Council, 302; appointed Potomac commissioner,
    323; chairs Virginia Committee for Courts of Justice,
    330; rumored as minister to Spain, 336,367; writes
    "Memorial and Remonstrance" against religious
    assessments, 336, 375-80; appointed delegate to
    Annapolis Convention, 395, 396, 404-5; and British
    debts, 398-99; writes "Resolution on Uniform
    Commercial Regulations," 408-9; writes inscription
    for Houdon's statue of Washington, 411, 419
    
    CONFEDERATION AND CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTION
    Defends national negative on state laws, 27-28,
    446-47, 498-502; on advantages of extended
    republic, 27-28, 448-49, 502; on majority rule and
    minority rights, 27-28, 448-49, 500-2; reelected to
    Confederation Congress, 435, 456; condemns
    Shays's Rebellion, 438-39; preparation of, for
    Constitutional Convention, 439-42; William
    Pierce's appraisal of, 444; preserves 'Notes on
    Debates," 444; role of, at convention, 449; as
    delegate to convention, 468, 478; briefs TJ on state
    delegations to convention, 469-70; briefs TJ on
    proposed reforms at convention, 470-71; briefs TJ
    on Jay-Gardoqui negotiations, 471-72; on secrecy of
    convention, 483; calls agreement on Constitution a
    miracle, 496; describes work of convention, 496-504;
    as Father of Constitution, 518-19; carries Virginia's
    ratification to Congress, 521; on adding Bill of
    Rights after ratification, 522-24, 524-25, 564-66;
    decides to run for House, 581
    
    FEDERAL CONGRESS
    Elected to first House, 391, 605; as leader in House,
    592; opposes titles for president, 592; proposes
    executive departments for foreign affairs, war, and
    finance, 594; proposes Bill of Rights, 594-98, 622-
    24; as Father of Bill ofRights, 600; and first revenue
    law under Constitution, 603; and bust of John Paul
    Jones, 636; on funding and assumption, 642-45;
    and Nootka Sound incident, 645, 657-59; on TJ's
    "Report on Weights and Measures," 647, 656-57; on
    Hamilton's "Report on Public Credit," 649; and
    residence act for national capital, 659-61; on
    constitutionality of bill to locate capital, 659;
    opposes Bank of the United States, 665-66; heads
    opposition to Hamiltonian system, 667, 744; and
    Paine's Rights of Man, 670, 687, 689; discusses
    northwest posts with Beckwith, 681-93; on
    speculative spirit, 695, 705-6; on Burkes
    Reflections, 689; attempts to recruit Freneau, 700;
    denies interference in Treasury Department, 700,
    704; contributes essays to National Gazette, 709-10;
    on political parties, 709-10, and
    commercial reciprocity, 711; TJ consults, on
    negotiations with Hammond, 712, 722-25, 729;
    defends TJ against Hamilton's newspaper attack,
    715; and Howes case, 717; on contested election
    between Clinton and Jay, 734, and Washington's
    second term, 744; on differences with Hamilton, 744;
    and election of 1792, 744; French citizenship
    conferred on, 747, 750, 778, 782; on Proclamation
    of Neutrality, 749, 750-51, 783, 786, 788, 810; writes
    as "Helvidius," 754, 793, 795-96, 797, 799, 800, 809-
    10; discusses party strategy with TJ, 756-57;
    Washington considers for cabinet, 757; labels
    Federalists as Anglican party,
    758, 815; organizes county meetings, 58-59; on
    federal commissioner's compensation, 764-65; on
    affection to France, 777-78; equates liberty with
    French Republic, 784; interprets Constitution, 783-
    84; on Franco-American treaty provisions, 799; on
    Genet, 799, 815; accused of apostacy, 804;
    Washington on, 806; and Monroe plan county
    protests, 812, 815-16; on British orders-in-council,
    821; consults with TJ and Monroe on party strategy,
    821; and Navigation Act of 1791, 823; introduces
    commercial resolutions, 824-25, 834, 835-36, 837;
    Federalist pipers attack, 825, 832; sees Monroes off
    to France, 827; TJ finds lodging for, 829, supports
    TJ's commercial report, 831-32; portrays Federalists
    as aristocratic faction, 833; on Washington's
    influence over Congress, 845; on excise taxes, 850;
    on Washington's denunciation of Democratic
    societies, 851, 861-64, 865; and Madisonian
    societies, 852; prevents House censure of
    Democratic societies, 853-54; and Whiskey
    Rebellion, 854, 862-64; urged by TJ to run for
    president in 1796, 854-55, 855, 868; on Hamilton's
    resignation, 856-57; on elections of 1794, 859-60;
    on Jay's memorial to George III, 860; discusses
    diplomatic contests in Europe, 869, 870, 929-30;
    rejects presidential race, 875-76; writes Political
    Observations. 879-80, heads Republican party, 881
    expectations for Jay's treaty, 881-82, 884-86,
    887-88, 889, 891, 892-93, 929, 930-31; returns to
    Philadelphia in November 1795, 888; calls
    Federalists tories, 890; condemns Washington's use
    of secret journal of Constitutional Convention, 892,
    930; decides to retire from Congress, 895, 936;
    proposes survey of national post road, 32, 923;
    proposes renegotiation of Jay's treaty, 933; on
    Washington's popularity 's treaty, 937, 938;
    depressed over Federalist victory  on treaty, 940;
    disowns Adet's interference in election of 1796, 942;
    reports election results to TJ, 942-48, 948-49, 950-
    52, 955-56, mentioned as special envoy to France,
    947-48, 961, 971, 978; on Franco-American affairs,
    963; and Washington's final address to Congress,
    949; squelches TJ's letter to John Adams, 962
    
    RETIREMENT INTERLUDE AND VIRGINIA LEGISLATURE On
    Hamilton's pamphlet defending his financial probity,
    973, 993; TJ discusses Cabell's presentment with,
    974, 975, 991-92; advises TJ on Mazzei letter, 990-
    91; on Lyon-Griswold affair, 997, 998; compares
    John Adams with Washington , 1021, 1059; urges
    House to call for XYZ dispatches, 1000, 1032;
    glosses over XYZ affair, 1001, 1043, 1046, 1051;
    Abigail Adams critical of, 1003; on linkage between
    foreign policy and domestic repression, 1003, 1048;
    critical of Adams's responses to addresses, 1005-6,
    1040-41, 1051, 1058; appraisal of Alien Friends
    Act, 1006, 1051; listed as member of American
    Directory, 1010, on Monroe's vindication, 1014; on
    difficulties facing envoys, 1018-19; and jury trials for
    impeachments, 1021, 1025; on Talleyrand, 1036-
    37; on Adams's dislike for Washington, D.C., 1038;
    refuses to write newspaper articles, 1038; on freedom
    of press, 1046, 1049; on XYZ dispatches, 1046,
    1051; critical of Adams, 1048-49, 1058; on direct
    tax bill, 1053; and parliamentary reform, 1053; and
    Callender, 1053-54; on trade policy, 1058; on law
    for capturing French cruisers, 1058; TJ wants,
    consulted on Kentucky resolutions, 1068, 1070,,
    writes Virginia resolutions, 1070-71; differs with TJ
    on meaning of "state," 1071 - 72, 1085, 1124; alters
    TJ's petition on selection of jurors, 1078; on Gerry's
    letters as envoy, 1090, 1094; publishes articles in
    Aurora, 1094, 1098; discusses possible publication of
    "Notes on Debates," 1094; suspects mail tampering,
    1094, 1108; elected to Virginia legislature, 1108,
    1121; drafts legislative report vindicating Virginia
    resolutions, 1110- 11, 1122, 1123, 1124, 1125; on
    Bonaparte's overthrow or French Republic, 1113; on
    elections of 1800, 1117, 1139; and Christopher
    McPherson, 1132; remodels Montpellier, 1139;
    informs TJ of election as president, 1140; TJ offers
    secretary of state position to, 1140; accepts
    position, 1159, 1166-67, 1172-73; TJ urges, to
    attend inaugural, 1141, 1159; on tie vote in 1800,
    1141, 1144, 1155, 1157; on second peace mission
    to France, 1150, interprets Constitution, 1157-58
    
    SECRETARY OF STATE
    Moves into house near State Department, 1168; on
    new policy towards Barbary powers, 1170; on
    passports for vessels, 1178; on postal contracts,
    1178-79; and the Windsor, 1188-89; hires free
    Negro, 1194; writes Naturalization Act of 1795,
    1207; instructions of, to Lear, 1209, and naval force
    in Mediterranean, 1210; lists State Department
    employees, 1212-13; on special diplomatic
    emissaries, 1213-14, lists lawsuits in federal
    courts, 1216-17, 1244; as federal commissioner on
    Georgia's western land claims, 1221-22, 1405; on
    charges against St. Clair, 1229-30, suggests
    purchasing New Orleans, 1254; on significance of
    Louisiana Purchase, 1256; and Lewis and Clark
    expedition, 1257; reports on Henrich 1260-61; on
    constitutionality of acquiring Louisiana, 1270, 1288-
    89; instructions of, to Monroe regarding Spanish
    negotiations, 1274; and Maryland stock in Bank of
    England, 1279; on the Floridas, 1291; Yrujo's break
    with, 1292; on rumored restoration of Bourbon
    dynasty, 1293; on French violations of neutral
    rights, 1295; interprets Constitution, 1297; and
    transfer of Louisiana from France to Spain (1762),
    1305, report on Stevens case, 1312-22; disagrees
    with TJ on alliance with Great Britain, 1355-56,
    1357, 1358, 1380, 1384, 1388, 1392; and Spain's
    termination of negotiations, 1357-58, 1374; calls
    British seizures insults, 1360; and liberation of
    French wine, 1361; returns to Washington after
    Dolley's operation, 1362, 1395; on rules for armed
    merchantmen, 1363; on factional politics in
    Pennsylvania, 1380; on reorganization of militia,
    1397; subpoenaed in Miranda case, 1407, 1424;
    writes Examination of the British Doctrine ... 1408;
    on Fox's conciliatory moves, 1410; on
    interpolations on neutral rights, 1412-14, 1415; on
    scope of appropriations to foreign intercourse,
    1441; on Burr conspiracy, 1444, 1489, 1460-61;
    and impressment issue, 1446-47; critical of Monroe-
    Pinkney Treaty, 1447, 1473; on
    conciliation with Great Britain, 1453; proposes
    revision of TJ's convention between American and
    Spanish troops, 1457; and use of British seamen on
    American ships, 1467-68, 1469; subpoenaed in
    Backus case, 1479-80, 1490, 1492; defends
    embargo policy, 1505-6; urges naval force to
    enforce embargo system, 1507-8, 1532; denounces
    French decrees, 1509; rewrites TJ's embargo
    message, 1513; on sites for forts, 1515- 16; and
    batture, 1518-19, 1521; and Short's appointment to
    Russia, 1529; on Turreau's request for Transport, 1533
    -34; and antiembargo forces, 1538, 1542, 1552-53;
    and supporters of embargo, 1541; urges TJ not to
    abdicate leadership, 1549-50, 1557-58; outlines
    policy priorities, 1550; and repeal of Embargo Act,
    1551-52; proposes Non-intercourse Act, 1553; and
    suspension of Embargo Act and revocation of
    belligerents' edicts, 1554-57
    Nominated for president in 1808, 1548; inauguration
    of, 1561- 62; cabinet appointments of, 1566; and
    Erskine Agreement, 1566, 1570, 1584-85, 1598; asks
    for recall of "Copenhagen" Jackson, 1573, 1614; on
    Perceval ministry, 1573; on Bonaparte and Floridas,
    1585; signs bank loan for TJ, 1588, 1589-90, 1592;
    puzzled by order-in-council following Erskine
    Agreement, 1591, 1592-93; on Canning's disavowal
    of Erskine Agreement, 1597; sends weather journal to
    TJ, 1602; and reconciliation with Monroe, 1609,
    1623; defends Erskine Agreement, 1614, on Macon's
    Bill No. 2, 1616-17, 1618; accepts Cadore letter
    and reimposes Nonintercourse Act against Great
    Britain, 1619, 1651; on Livingston's batture case,
    1621, 1634, 1640, 1642, 1643-44, 1691; on
    separation of powers, 1634; annexes West Florida,
    1648, 1651; and failure to recharter Bank of United
    States, 165 1; replaces Robert Smith with Monroe,
    1652; on French policy after Cadore letter, 1656;
    recommends national defense measures, 1658, 1675
    -76, 1677; and break with Duane, 1669; on Indian
    warfare in 1811, 1676; on embargo of 1812, 1678,
    1693; weighs war options, 1679-80, 1696; sends war
    message to Congress, 1680, reports earthquake felt in
    Washington, 1687; and House vote for taxes, 1688;
    repudiates armistice, 1703; praises  naval victories,
    1709; second inaugural address of, 1709; accepts
    Russia's offer of mediation, 1710; and TJ's
    suggestions on conduct of War of 1812, 1712; on
    Smyth's debacle at Niagara, 1717; on use of
    gunboats, 1722; postwar lapse in correspondence
    with TJ, 1729, 1772-73; praises Perry and Jackson,
    1729; on continuation of war after Bonaparte's
    abdication, 1730; and burning of Washington, 1731;
    and Library of Congress, 1732-33, 1745, 1759;
    reenters Washington, 1733; on arrogance of British
    peace demands, 1734, 1746; disagrees with TJ on
    monetary policy, 1746, 1750-51; reaction to Treaty
    of Ghent, 1754; on white paper on War of 18 12,
    1756, 1762-63; and civil liberties during wartime,
    1761; Ingersoll on conduct of war by, 1761; on
    Second War of American Independence, 1762;
    postwar policy recommendations, 1771-72; on sense
    of nationhood, 1772; on forty years under
    Constitution, 1773; recommends national university,
    1775

    RETIREMENT
    On Board of Visitors of Central College, 1776, 1777,
    1784-85, 1792, 1801; considers writing history
    of early Republic, 1786; retirement routine, 1791; on
    Rockfish Gap commission, 1793; on
    Board of Visitors of University of Virginia, 1795; on
    TJ's health, 1795, 1806; and construction of
    Rotunda, 1820, 1856, 1859; on public support of
    education, 182 1; differs from Bland on Mississippi
    1827; on revolutions in Spain and Portugal, 1944
    1877; and Monroe Doctrine, 1844-45, 1879; on
    Virginia resolution to declare independence, 184
    and authorship of Washington's Farewell Address 
    1848, 1863, 1867; on seriatim opinions in the
    Supreme Court, 1852, 1854-55; recommends
    George Tucker for faculty, 1886; disagrees with
    about textbooks, 1918-19; and student discipline
    1920, dissuades TJ from transmitting "Solemn
    Declaration and Protest," 1947-48, 1955-57;
    interprets Constitution, 1947-48, 1948-51; final
    meeting with TJ, 1959; TJ leaves walking stick to
    1959; on aging, 1960; commisserates with TJ on
    indebtedness, 1967; and TJ's final illness, 1972;
    notified of TJ's death, 1973; becomes rector of
    university, 1974; and the close of the Age of
    Revolution, 1974; on TJ's learning, 1976;
    denounces Virginia legislature's opposition to
    protective tariffs, 1976; defends constitutionality
    protective tariffs, 1976-77; interprets Constitution,
    1976-77, 1981-83, 2000; blasts Giles's use of TJ's
    letter, 1978; researches TJ's writings on protective
    tariff, 1979; Calhoun cites his report of 1800,
    1980, publishes views on nullification, 1988; last
    of the signers, 1991; promotes Andrew Jackson,
    1992; denounces nullifiers for misquoting him, 1994;
    congratulates Clay on "compromizing tariff," 
    1997-98
Madison, Bishop James (JM's cousin): JM rooms
    at President's House at Willian and Mary with,
    59; exchanges weather information with TJ, 293;
    TJ buys books for, 410; denounces Jay's treaty,
    883-84, 896; TJ sends IM's nailery account by,
    1149; visits Montpellier, 1195; visits Monticello,
    1248,1249; and Mr. Mansfield, 1335; mentioned,
    52, 740, 743, 1249, 1337
Madison, James, Sr: (JM's father): spectacles for,
    304, 311, 313, 318; JM coaches, on sincerity of
    retirement, 967; TJ sends respects to, 1080; paint
    by Polk, 1120; TJ sends gold to, 1135; makes nails
    1147; health of, 1159, 1160; death of, 1162, 1167,
    1173, 1174; will of, 1173; JM settles estate of,
    1201; meteorological diaries of, 1786; mentioned,
    248, 252, 899
Madison, Nelly Conway (Mrs. James, Sr., JM's
    mother): painted by Polk, 1120; mentioned, 1791
Madison, William (JM's brother), 774, 787, 1045,
    1049
Madrid, Spain: American consuls general at, 1307;
    negotiations at, 1402; mentioned, 1213, 1292,
    1310, 1498
Madrid Gazette, 1515
Magadore, 1485
Magee, Mr. See McGehee, William
Maine: attitude of, towards Constitution, 531;
    arbitration commission to settle boundary of, 882-
    83; federal lawsuits in, 1217; British occupy
    northern portion of, 1731; British demand
    portion of, 1734, 1746; mentioned, 1586
Mainz, Germany, 1013
Maire, Jacques le, 367
Maison Carr6e, 335, 394-85, 412, 791
Maitland, Thomas, 1092
Majoritarian democracy: and individual rights, 447
Majority rule. JM on, 451, 514; and individual rights
    447-48, 564-65; and minority rights, 501, 1164-65;
    and religious freedom, 522-23; and individual
    liberty, 600; and natural law, 41, 652; threatened
    by nullification, 1989; Calhoun denounces, 1999
Malden, 1702
Malesherbes, Chretien-Gufllaume de Lamoignon de,
    391, 481
Malmesbury, Lord. See Harris, James, first earl of
Malmesbury
Malone, Dumas: on TJ's rhetorical excess, 13; on TJ
    glossing over XYZ affair, 1002; quoted, 887, 941,
    1270, 1504, 1507, 1508, 1821
Malta, 1228, 1421
Maly, Captain, 1260
Mann's Inn, 663
Mansfield, Jared, 1301
Mansfield, Mr., 1335, 1340, 1704
Mansfield, William Murray, first earl of, 1183, 1647
Mantua, 1013
Manual of Parliamentary Practice, A (TJ), 1139
Manumissions, 23, 405
Maple sugar, 694, 695, 702, 703
Marat, Jean-Paul, 1066
Marat, M. (1808), 1544
Maratists, 1066
Marblehead, Mass., 1230, 1250, 1326
Marbois. See Barbi-Marbois, Frangois, marquis de
Marbury v. Madison, 1620
"Marcellus": TJ attributes, to Hamilton, 1034; JM
    doubts attribution, 1038; mentioned, 1045
Marchant's case, 1179
Marie-Antionette, Josephe-Jeanne, de Lorraine
    (queen of France), 481, 486, 624
Marietta, Mississippi district, 1475
Marietta, Ohio, 1251, 1331
Marks, John, 1608, 1609
Marmotte, 421-23
Marque and reprisal, 1693
"MarseiIles cargo": French wine for TJ and JM,
    1361, 1377, 1382
Marshall, Humphrey, 1016, 1017, 1055, 1058, 1129,
    1135
Marshall, James Markham, 785
Marshall, John: as chief justice, 32-35; on JM's
    eloquence 124; opposes paper money, 476, favors
    ratification, 504-5, 509, 534; and Hamilton, 735;
    and Fairfax purchase, 817; and Jay's treaty,
    887-88; TJ's appraisal of, 888, 900-1; and Ware
    v. Hylton, 921; appointed commissioner on
    Potomac boundary, 961; nominated envoy to
    France, 970-71, 978; and XYZ affair, 1000-1,
    1007, 1008, 1052, 1060-61, 1853; runs for
    Congress, 1090; appointed secretary of state, 1118,
    1141;and nonintercourse bill, 1128; on Robbins's
    affair, 1129; and amendments to Ross bill, 1135;
    nominated as chief justice, 1142; and tie vote in
    1800, 1156; administers oath to TJ as president,
    1164; on federal commission relating to western
    landclaims of Georgia, 1211; and Backus case,
    1479-80; and Olmstead case, 1589; TJ on
    "twistifications" of, 1620; rules against Livingston
    in batture case, 1620; TJ critical of, 1631,
    1948-49; writes biography of Washington, 1786,
    1855;JM supports views of, on Constitution,
    1949-56; TJ and JM criticize dicta by, 185 1; and
    seriatim opinions, 1852; in Marbury v. Madison
    case,1865; on judicial review, 1866; in Cohens, v.
    Virginia, 1870; on JM, 1989; mentioned, 457,
    1057, 1060-61
Martel, Mr., 1308
Martin, Alexander, 478
Martin, Francis Xavier, 1625
Martin, Joseph, 104, 110
Martin, Luther, 478, 1546
Martin, Thomas Bryan, 406
Martin, Thomas C., 1049
Martineau, Harriet, 26
Martinez d'Yrujo, Dan Carlos. See Yrujo, Don
    Carlos Martinez d'
Martinique, 842, 1302, 1378, 1393, 1494, 1485
Martin v. Hunter's Lessee, 406
Maryland: delays ratification of Articles of
    Confederation, 129-31; and Confederation impost,
    232, 263; and revenue system of 1783, 238; and
    navigation of Potomac, 356-57; paper money in,
    430; ratifies Constitution, 504, 508, 531; federal
    lawsuits in, 1217; and stock in Bank of England,
    1277; in election of 1804,1352; election of 1912 in,
    1685, 1705
Maryland (American public vessel), 1190
Mason, George: TJ on, 13, 52, 288; and Virginia
    Declaration of Rights, 18; on committee to revise
    Virginia laws, 54; and western land claims, 211;. JM
    visits, 274, 286, and revision of Virginia Constitution,
    302, 318; and jurisdiction over Potomac River, 323,
    369; as delegate to Annapolis Convention, 404-5;
    elected to Virginia House, 420; opposes paper
    money, 430, 476; as delegate to Constitutional
    Convention, 468, 476, 477, 479; in Virginia
    ratification convention, 542; opposes ratification,
    503, 505, 509, 515, 520-21, 534, 542; TJ and JM
    visit, 663; and location of national capital, 673;
    death of, 740, 742; on laws regulating commerce,
    1129; mentioned, 669
Mason, John (of Bordeaux), 615
Mason, John Thomson, 1331, 1363
Mason, Stevens Thomson: and Jay's treaty, 892, 887,
    888, 902; on Senate debate on sedition bill, 1065;
    TJ predicts to, state protests against Alien and
    Sedition Laws, 1069; mentioned, 245, 1146, 1149,
    1274
Mason, Thomson, 371
Massac, Mississippi district, 1250, 1476
Massachusetts: and revenue system of 1783, 237; and
    impost, 263; TJ visits, 285, 321; rejects paper
    money, 430, ratifies Constitution, 506-7, 508, 519
    531; recommends amendments to Constitution, 531;
    federal lawsuits in, 1217; and boundary of Maine
    district, 1480-81; defies embargo system, 1507, 1551;
    elections in 1809, 1590; elections in 1810, 1627
Massey, Lee, 660
Matagorda, 1357, 1387
Mathews, Thomas, 402, 1488
Matlack, Timothy, 1695
Matthew (JM's servant), 706
Matthews, George, 1040, 1692, 1694
Matthews, Sampson, 96, 105, 113, 118, 517
Maurice, Mr., 1468, 1471
Maury, Captain, 1527
Maury, Fontaine: as agent for JM, 291, 292, 304,
    305, 739, 796, 857, 1132, 1240, 1381 
'Maury, Walker: as schoolmaster, 288; moves school
    to Williamsburg, 290; borrows books from TJ,
    303; tutors Peter Carr, 316, 323, 379, 392;
    mentioned, 308
Mazzei, Philip: as Virginia's financial agent, 64;
    reports subterranean city in Siberia, 284, 308; in
    Richmond, 292; as enemy of Franklin, 306; JM
    and, 307, 373, 380, 479-80, 492, 523, 548, 676;
    agent for king of Poland, 544, and debt owed by
    Dohrman, 694, 699, 700, 702, 859; TJ writes,
    702; Dohrman pays debt to, 931, 933, 935; writes
    Recherches historiques 1025, 1027; and
    government of Naples, 1278; and Philadelphia
    case, 1323-24; TJs letter to, creates furor, 971-
    73, 985-86, 990-91, 1558; mentioned, 194,
    484, 928, 1578, 1581
Mead, Clarke. See Mead, Cowles
Mead, Cowles, 1263, 1467, 1471
Mende, Richard Worsam, 1436, 1489, 1583
Mease, James, 730
Mecklen, Mr., 1520
Medals, 636, 649
Mediteffanean fund, 1419
Mediterranean Sea: American policy in, 1170, 1281,
    1284 
Meiga, Mr., 1704 
Meigs, Return Jonathan, 1365, 1574, 1703, 1738.
Meilhan sur l'esprit et les moeurs, 539 
Mellimelli, Sidi Suliman: as Tunisian minister to
    United States, 9,1402-3; plans to visit Montpellier
    and Monticello, 1411, 1438; entourage rebels
    against, 1411, 1427, 1428, 1429, 1430, 1432, 1439;
    returns to Tunis, 1411. 1433; JM seeks
    transportation for, 1412, 1421, 1427, 1432; p i so
    naval supplies in exchange for peace, requests
    concubines, 9, 1441; mentioned, 1434.
Melville, Lord. See Dundas, Henry, Lord Melville
"Memorial and Remonstrance-, A," against
    religious assessments (JM), 336, 374, 375-80
Mentor (U.S. ship), 1575, 1586, 1593
Mentz. See Mainz, Germany
Mercer, Charles F., 1788
Mercer, James, 505
Mercer, John Francis: TJ's appraisal of, 310, 313;
    opposes revised code, 402; and escheat law, 406;
    loses election in 1786, 420; delegate to
    Constitutional Convention, 478, 508; TJ sends
    Notes to, 492; election of, 742; and Committee on
    Ways and Means, 838; as governor of Maryland,
    1277; and Maryland stock in Bank of England,
    1279; mentioned, 261, 287, 291, 309, 741
Mercure de France, 483, 529, 530
Meredith, Samuel, 766, 1197, 1212
Merrino sheep, gift of, to TJ and JM, 1621, 1624,
    626, 1627, 1634, 1637, 1649 
Merry, Anthony: as British minister to United States,  
    1258; JM denounces British impressments to, 1294, 
    1439; corrects an injustice, 1322; and Pitt 
    administration, 1342; JM labels, "pettifogger," 1343; 
    frees TJ and JM's French wine, 1361; protests action 
    of U.S. armed merchantmen, 1363-64, and Yrujo, 
    1385; recalled by Fox, 1409; on Nonimportation Act, 
    1410; apologizes for Leander incident, 1410, 1428; 
    on British blockade, 1424; complains of American 
    certificates of citizenship to British sailors, 1437, 
    1438; and murder committed by British subject, 1440-
    41; and Buff, 1442-43; mentioned, 1273, 1309, 1337, 
    1345, 1425 
Merry, Mrs. Anthony, 1385 
Mesmerism, 332 
Messina, Italy, 1421 
Methodists, 405 
Mexico, 1359 
Michaux, Francois-Andre, 152D, 1531, 1535 
Michigan, 1514 
Michilimackinac, 346, 1702 
Midnight appointments, 1143 
Mifflin, Thomas, 478, 946, 963 
Migraine headaches, 14 
Milari Decree, 1515,1618 
Military supplies: in Virginia, 161, 173, 183-94 
Militia: in Virginia, 406; TJ and JM propose reform of, 
    1451-52; uses of, 1454; and successor French arms, 
    1471; TJ discusses dispatching, to Canada, 1499 
Milledge, John, 1224, 1340 
Miller, Arthur, 1040 
Miller, John Chester 15, 21, 710-11, 1213 
Miller, Mr. (Gallatin's clerk), 1240
Miller, Mr. pardon for, 124-
Miller, Philip, 971
Miller, Samuel, 1274, 1275
Milligan, Joseph, 1765, 1766
Mills, Robert, 1739
Milner, Mr., 1425
Milton, John, 841
Milton, Va.: postal schedule of, 1330, 1493;
    mentioned, 1184, 1243, 1246, 1429, 1438, 1539,
    1701 
Ministry of All-the-Tallents, 1409 
Minor, Garrett, 1727 
Minor. Peter, 1727, 1806, 1807 
Minorca, 203, 1238 
Mint bill, 718, 1236 
Mirabeau, Constantin-Francois Chasebouef, conte
    de, 339 
Mirabeau, Honore Gabriel Riqueti, conte de, 628  
Miranda, Francisco de, 1406, 1423, 1436, 1485,
    1522 
Mississippi River: navigation of, 131, 151-52,158,
    162, 3 50, 431, 435, 553, 639; JM on navigation
    of, 147, 153, 328, 338-42; and Jay-Gardoqui
    negotiations on, 454-55, 467, 471, 475-76,
    East/West tensions over, 458, 481, 550-51; TJ
    on navigation of, 461-62, 582; Confederation
    Congress on navigation of, 551; and Kentucky
    connection with Spain, 607; British claim right to
     navigate, 713,  1734, 1746, 1881-82;  Monroe
    discusses, 718; Pinckney's treaty secures
    navigation of, 893, 921; and Jay's treaty, 977; JM
    on, 1209, 1253; Spain levies duty on American
    cargoes transported on, 1252; threat created by
    French possession of, 1253, 1254, and exploration
    of headwaters of, 1257, 1278, 1459; TJ reports
    hostile party to descend, 1259; and right of
    deposit, 1263; and Louisiana Purchase, 1288;
    military expulsion of intrusion west of, 1312;
    neutral zone between, and Rio Bravo, 1357;
    mentioned, 1396, 1456, 1457, 1643, 1645
Mississippi Territory, 1171, 1192, 1222, 1272,
    1516-17
Missouri:.Indian affairs in, 1497; and Lewis and
    Clark expedition, 1459; mentioned, 1396
Missouri Compromise: TJ on, 26; JM on, 1872;
    mentioned, 24, 1821, 1928-29, 1864, 1927
Missouri River: TJ proposes exploration of
    headwaters of, 1276
Mobile Act: and Yrujo, 1346; TJ on, 1349;
    mentioned, 1292, 1342, 1355
Mobile River: navigation of, 1367, 1368, 1370;
    mentioned, 1292, 1328, 1402
Mohawk River, 432-33
Mohawk Valley, 203
Mohegan language, 552-53 
Moira. Francis Rawdon-Hastings, earl of, 1661     
Molasses, 608, 619
Mole, 425. See also Monax
Monarchy: TJ fears drift towards, 668; JM on, 709,
    710
Monax, 421-23
Moncks Corner, S.C., 143
Monino y Redondo, Jose. See Floridablianca, Jose
Monino y Redondo, Count de
Moniteur (Paris newspaper), 1428
Monkey bread, 249
Monopolies: restriction against, in Bill of Rights,
    451; TJ on, 545; regulation of, 566; mentioned, 598
Monroe, Elizabeth Kortright (Mrs. James): at
    Monticello during husband's absence, 730;
    accompanies husband to France, 827; mentioned,
    772, 831, 840
Monroe, James: urges TJ to reenter public life, 206;
    buys farm near TJ, 284, 297, 336, 354, 849, 1148,
    124.8-49, 1564; and vote on slavery (1784), 309;
    begins Correspondence with JM, 316; TJ sends
    Notes to, 334, 372; tours western New York with
    JM, 346, 375; and Indian treaty, 386-87; in
    Confederation Congress, 399,408. informed about
    Constitutional Convention, 396; purchases land on
    Mohawk River, 400, 428, 432-33, 539; loses
    election in 1786, 420, and navigation of
    Mississippi, 431; TJ's appraisal of , 464-  
    65;opposes paper money, 476; opposes
    ratification, 534; runs against JM for House, 591, 605;
    welcomes TJ home from France, 639; TJ explains
    Compromise of 1790 to, 645; defends TJ against Hamilton's
    newspaper attack, 715; on Short's nomination as minister to
    The Hague, 718; appointed to Virginia committee on revised
    code, 730; visits JM, 742; and election of 1792, 744;
    organizes county meetings, 758-59; TJ writes to, 773, 776,
    793; cooperates with John Taylor' s attack on banking
    system, 800; relations with TJ and JM, 809; JM visits, 810,
    811, 812, 815, and county meetings on Franco-American
    relations, 812, 816; on Genet, 816-17; consults with TJ and
    JM on party strategy, 821; appointed minister to France,
    827, 846; TJ finds lodging for, 829; leases house in
    Philadelphia, 830;JM lodges with, 831; TJ's letter to, 840,
    1420; letters from, 842, 1323, 1366, 1370, 1422, 1440, 1472,
    1875, 1877; on nonimportation hill of 1794, 843; buys French
    furniture for Madison, 849; reception of, in France, 860, 870,
    879; on Jacobin clubs in France, 876; as spokesman for TJ,
    878, JM admits authorship of Political Observations to, 879;
    and Jay's treaty, 891, 927, 938; on Americans resident in
    France, 898-99, writes JM on French affairs, 905, 907; on
    European affairs, 929; recalled from France, 946,956,
    961, 964, 965, 981, 992; replaced by C. C. Pinckney, 968;
    and TJ's Mazzei letter, 972, 985, 986, 990-91; welcomed by
    Republicans after recall, 972-73, 977, 983; TJ sends his
    protest against Cabell's presentment, 975; sends JM
    Hamilton's pamphlet denying speculation, 993; TJ writes,
    about federal accusations against himself, 1000; calls XYZ
    demands "a swindling experiment," 1002, 1043; listed as
    member of American Directory, 1010; JM draws draft on,
    1010; writes View of the Conduct. . . , 1011, 1013, 1019,
    1023; and draft on Barnes, 1018; called "disgraced minister"
    by Adams, 1050, 1052, 1058; suggests TJ cancel trip to
    Montpellier, 1109, 1120, 1121; elected governor of Virginia, 1111,
    1152, 1153, 1187, 1189, 1245, on need to defend
    Callender, 1137-38; on vote to 1800, 1143, 1155; warns TJ
    of Burr's ambitions, 1153, and Gabriel's Rebellion, 1204;
    and Barbary negotiations, 1214; and Louisiana Purchase,
    1254, 1255, 1256, 1262, 1272, 1283, 1290, 1306, 1338; on
    rumored restoration of Bourbon monarchy, 1293, 1333; and
    recall of Yrujo, 1293, 1347; on Livingston's visit to London,
    1334; letter from, 1337; and Monroe-Pinkney Treaty, 1342,
    1384, 1392, 1409, 1424, 1446, 1466, 1496, 1582; special
    mission to Spain, 1354-5 5, 1357, 1358, 1359, 1367, 1373;
    claims Rio Grande as western boundary of Louisiana
    Purchase, 1368; on policy towards France, 1387; runs for
    president to 1808, 1548; and reconciliation with 1M, 1564,
    1565, 1610-11, 1650, 1664; breaks with John Randolph,
    1580, 1611; visits Kentucky, 1609; elected governor of
    Virginia (1810), 1632, JM appoints, as secretary of state,
    1652, 1653-54, 1655, 1663, 1677, on Foster's threat of
    retaliation, 1657, 1672; visits Montpellier (1811), 1658; on
    Fox's blockade, 1674; on JM's illness, 1713; and gunboats,
    1723; TJ writes to, about monetary policy, 1736, 1745; on
    status quo ante bellum, 1753; on sense of nationhood, 1760;
    visits Monticello, 1768; praises JM as president, 1775; and
    Central College Board of Visitors, 1776, 1777, 1778, 1784,
    1785; and Transcontinental Treaty, 1806; and Coxe, 1826;
    and Tenure of Office Act, 1827, and Monroe Doctrine, 1844-
    45, 1878, 1881; and student discipline at university, 1920;
    JM writes, 1991;
    mentioned, 205, 248, 739, 803, 862, 921, 1132,
    1160, 1246, 1280, 1281, 1311, 1337, 1702,
    1721
Monroe, John, 1605
Monroe, Joseph Jones, 928
Monroes, Thomas, 1251
Montesquieu, Charles-Louis de Secondat, baron de la
    Brede et de, 125, 448, 514, 808
Montgomery, Robert, 1526
Montgomery, Mr., 1544
Montgomery County, Virginia, 148, 173
Monticello: TJ's obelisk at, 2-3; TJ returns to, in 1776, 52,
    TJ returns to, from France, 638; remodeling of, 774, 849,
    984, 986; TJ's love for, 849; roofing of, 1108; rebuilding
    of, 1138-39; TJ visits, 1256; Maria at, during illness,
    1304; JM visits, 1334, 1344; Madisons to visit, 1496,
    1497, 1601; cemetary at, 1972; mentioned, 246, 568,
    1953
Montmorin de Saint-Harem, Armand-Marc, comte de, 451-
    52, 481, 543-44, 625
Montpellier: JM's obelisk at, 3; TJ visits, 663, 995,
    1140, 1289; IM remodels, 967, 968, 1011, 1570,
    1583; portico of, 1132, 1135-36, 1147; garden at,
    1791; art collection at, 1792; TJ's first use of name,
    1523; JM's first use of name, 1528; mentioned,
    1704
Montreal: in War of 1812, 1683, 1702
Moor, Peter, 96
Moore, Alexander, 1475
Moore, Andrew, 605, 769
Moore, John, 728, 733
Moore, John Hamilton, 689, 692
Moore, Thomas, 1427, 1724
Morales, Juan Venture: departure from New Orleans, 1341;
    sells lands in West Florida, 1358; expulsion of, 1389,
    1391, 1392; mentioned, 1263, 1264, 1437, 1438
Moreau, Jean-Victor-Marie, 1381, 1384
Moreau de Lislet, Loins Casimir Elizabeth, 1633,
    1634, 1640, 1641, 1642
Morellet, Andre, Abbe, 410
Martin, Louis, 367
Morgan, Benjamin, 1023, 1337, 1343, 1695
Morgan, Daniel, 979
Morgan, Edmund S.. quoted, 518
Morgan, George, 607
Morocco: treaty with, 932-33, 1170; declares war on United
    States, 1209-10, 1235, 1239, 1240; TJ debates gifts to or war
    with, 1210; gun carriages sent to, 1265, shipment of supplies
    to, 1266, end of war with, 1302-3; mentioned, 1213, 1284
Morocco, emperor of See Emperor of Morocco
Morris, Captain (of Franklin), 1239
Morris, Gouverneur delegate to Constitutional Convention, 478;
    JM introduces, to TL 578; and trip to Europe, 580; plan of,
    on American finances, 610-11; to London, 698; appointed
    minister to France, 718, 726, 736, 801; and recall of Genet,
    757, 809; 1M on, 817; recall of, 827, 841; London mission
    of, 1213-14; mentioned, 605, 1131, 1541, 1868
Morris, Lewis R., 1144, 1154, 1161
Morris, Richard B.: quoted, 92
Morris, Richard V.: commodore of Mediterranean fleet,
    1234, 1235, 1240, 1265; replaces Dale, 1259; to consult
    Eaton, 1267; replaced by Prelate, 1295; and Tunisian
    property, 1341
Morris, Robert: superintendent of finance, 235, 266, 268-69;
    obtains tobacco monopoly to France, 458, 515; delegate to
    Constitutional Convention, 478; senator from Pennsylvania,
    554, 563, 579; financial affairs of, 580; purchases New
    York land from Gorham and Phelps, 692; and Bank of
    United States subscriptions, 694; on move to replace
    Adams as vice president, 728; plans of, to retire,
    781; in debtor's prison, 1174; mentioned, 172, 203,
    222, 225, 226, 269, 860
Morristown, New Jersey, 157
Morse, Jedidiah, 1837, 1838, 1839
Morton, Perez, 1647, 1648
Moss, James W., 1476
Moss, John, 117
Most-favored-nation status: Jay's treaty provisions on, 884
Moultrie, William, 828-29
Mountain cress, 676
Mount Airy, Va., 1740
Mt. Vernon, TJ and JM visit, 708; TJ visits, 716, 740; mentioned,
    388, 663, 664, 689, 748, 787
Mt. Vernon Conference (1785 281
Moustier, EIeonore Francois Elie, comic de: suceeds
    Luzerne as French minister to United States, 462;
    TJ s appraisal of 462 494-95; carries watch to
    JM, 493-94, 529, 530; JM's appraisal of, 580, 612,
    614; mentioned, 51
Moutier, count de. See Moustier, Eleonore Francois the
Moylan Stephen, 1010, 1048, 1084 1135 1145
Muhlenburg, Frederick Augustus Conrad: as
    Speaker of the House, 862; and Jay's treaty, 894,
    936; defeated by Logan, 1074, 1086; mentioned,
    828, 902, 1036, 1041
Muhlenburg, Peter, 1231, 1250, 1436
Mulgrave, Henry Phipps, Baron, 1393
Murray, Alexander, 1234, 1268
Murray, John, fourth earl of Dunmore: as governor of Virginia,
    41, 43-44; flees to British warship, 44, 48; JM critical of, 45;
    mentioned, 80, 199
Murray, William Vans: denounces Republican newspapers, 852; and
    Jay's treaty, 929; appointed minister to France, 1075, 1097, 1098-
    99; on conciliatory attitude of France, 1086; in Paris, 1133;
    returns to The Hague, 1154; and Convention of 1800, 1158,
    1169, 1195, 1196, 1197, 1199, 1200; mentioned, 1185, 1195
Muscavado, 695
Muskingum, Ohio, 553
Musschenbroek, Pieter van: and coups de physique,
    297
Mussey, John, 1262
Muter, George, 128, 729, 739
Mutiny: in Continental army in 1780, 127; of
    Pennsylvania Line, 135; of Connecticut regiments,
    139; of troops, which force Congress to leave
    Philadelphia, 233, 261, 266, 288



N

Nacogdoches: Spain sends troops to, 1387, 1402; mentioned,
    1357, 1455, 1456, 1457
Nailery: TJ establishes, 848; JM orders from, 967-68, 1012,
    1014, 1025, 1118, 1148; JM visits, 1019, 1109; JM's account
    with, 1084, 1126, 1130, 1147, 1148 -49; TJ's chief
    occupation, 1148; mentioned, 920, 923, 1023, 1146
Namur, castle of, 94, 695
Nanjemoy, 1347
Nantes, France, 1246
Naples, 460, 1278, 1844
Napoleon. See Bonaparte, Napoleon
Narrow seas, 1258
Nash, Abner, 225-26, 242
Nash, Thomas,, 1128
Nashville, 1606
Natchez: post road to New Orleans, 1339; mentioned, 1016,
    1019, 1022, 1266, 1299, 1307, 1347, 1476
Natchitoches: Indian affairs at, 1497; mentioned,
    1455, 1456, 1457
Nathan, Simon: and George Rogers Clark, 135; mentioned,
    168, 179, 182-83, 185, 248
National Assembly: and Declaration of Rights of Man, 603:
    establishment of, 616; proceeding of, 617-18; and French
    constitution, 627-28; follows American constitutional examples,
    628-29; cancels trade concessions negotiated by TJ, 691; and
    constitution for French colonies, 699; confers citizenship on
    foreigners, 747; mentioned, 602, 747, 772
National capital: debate on location of 233, 234, 261, 265, 294; and
    inauguration of new government under Constitution, 547-48;
    and sectional bargain to locate on Potomac, 644, 639; and
    District of Columbia, 674, 1033, 1137
National character: TJ on, 410
National debt: and income from western land sales, 454; and
    Gouverneur Morris's plan to finance, 610-11; and excise
    taxes, 850. See also Public debts; "Report on Public Credit"
National Gazette; Freneau establishes, 672, 709;
    Hamilton denounces, 714; populariy of, in
    Virginia, 730: mentioned, 731, 1547. See also
    Freneau, Philip
National Intelligencer (edited by Samuel Harrison Smith), 1155; as
    unofficial organ for government communications, 1276; on
    Louisiana Purchase, 1287; on militia reform, 1451; quotes
    British disavowal of right to search U.S. warships, 1453; and
    Bonaparte's militia system, 1475; publishes Canning's promise,
    1500, 1501; carries JM's defense of Embargo Act, 1506; reports
    on British and French policies, 1630, 1636; carries rebuttal to
    Robert Smith's charges against JM, 1671; takes hard line towards
    Great Britain, 1675; reports on Congress's declaration of war in
    1812, 1680; burned by British, 1731; on Battle of New Orleans,
    1754-55; mentioned, 1412, 1577, 1689
National negative of state laws: JM advocates,
    27-28; TJ rejects, 28
National Trust for Historic Preservation: owns
    Montpellier, 967
Natural Bridge, Virginia, 1836, 1907
Natural history, 459
Naturalization Act: of 1795, 868-69, 870, 1207; of
    1798, 1003, 1042, 1044, 1059, 1066, 1207; of 1802,
    1207
Natural right: TJ appeals to, 1069-70; JM refuses to
    appeal to, 1072; and neutral rights, 1186;
    mentioned, 1181
Navigation Acts, 517
Navoni, Mr., 1522
Navy Department: JM on need for, 187; creation of (1798), 1042,
    1043; expansion of, 1086, 1088, 1091, 1095, 1105-6;
    enlistments stopped, 1127; gunboats of, 1294; victories in 1812,
    1685; and Perry's victory on Lake Erie, 1729
Necker, Jacques: dismissed by king, 602, 624, 625; and financial plan
    for France, 627, 631; mentioned, 539
Neelly, James, 1608, 1609, 1623, 1624
Negro cotton, 844, 846
Negroes: removal of, by British, 459
Neilson, John, 1570
Nelson, Horatio, Admiral Lord, 1084, 1295, 1404
Nelson, Hugh, 1122, 1766, 1825
Nelson. John, 1570, 1583, 1858
Nelson, Mr., 1490, 1491
Nelson, Mr. See Neilson, John
Nelson, Thomas: succeeds TJ as Virginia governor,
    178; rejects election to Philadelphia convention,
    476; mention, 51, 160, 245, 420, 507, 509, 1476
Nelson, William, 245, 507
Nelson County, Virginia, 1474, 1727, 1776
Nepean, S. E., 1309
Netherlands, the: England declares war on, 152, 191;
    John Adams mission to, 180; and patriot
Netherlands (continued) movement against stadtholder, 290, 365-
    66; treaty with, 883; British order excludes neutral ships from,
    1591. See also Batavian Republic; Holland Nettels, Curtis P.:
    quoted, 420 Neue Philadelphia Correspondenz. 1184
Neufville, Jean de, 1655, 1686, 1706 Neutrality: discussed at
    time of Nootka Sound incident, 645-47; debate over method
    of declaring, 748. See also Proclamation of Neutrality
Neutral rights: Jay's treaty makes concessions on, 883;
    Pinckney's treaty and, 925; Schlegel's pamphlet on 1186, TJ on,
    1195, 1237-38, 1281-82, 1349; and case of the Henrich. 1261;
    violations by Britain, 1294-95, 1359-60; violations by France,
    1294, 1295; and unneutral acts, 1298; and Rule of 1756, 1360;
    JM writes defenseof, 1360-61, 1390, 1398, 1412-14, 1558,
    1637; and General Ferrand's decree, 1369-70; TJ's warlike
    message on, 1404; and Chesapeake crisis, 1588; mentioned,
    1257, 1274, New, Anthony, 765 New, Robert Anderson, 1251
Newark; NJ.: Republican Society of, 65 New Brunswick,
    N.J., 1706 Newburgh, N.Y., 196 Newburgh letters, 1868
Newburyport, Mass., 1230, 1251 New Canton, Va., 1926
Newcastle, Del., 190 New Colony on the Ohio, 215 New
    England, 1685, 1690 .New Hampshire: and revenue system of
    1783, 236-37; TJ visits, 285, 321;  paper money in, 430; and
    federal Constitution, 504, 508, 521, 531, 542; federal lawsuits
    in, 1217; in election of 1809, 1590; in election of 1812, 1685,
    1705 New Haven, Conn., 687, 1185, 1301, 1480, 1543, 1670
New Jersey: and collapse of Continental currency, 195; and
    Confederation impost, 232, 263; and revenue system of 1783,
    238; paper money in, 429; ratifies Constitution, 504, 515, 519;
    Hessian fly in, 543; and elections to first Congress, 607;
    federal lawsuits in, 1217; in election of 1812, 1685, 1705 
New Jersey (U.S. merchantman), 1376-77, 1378, 1393 
New Jersey Line: mutiny of, 135, 162-63 
New London, Conn., 1234, 1262 
New London, Va., 1697 New Madrid, Mo., 1687
New Orleans: and navigation of the Mississippi, 339-42, 657;
    British merchants in, 720; right of deposit at, suspended, 1252,
    1254, 1266; strategic importance of, 1253-54; transfer to
    American authorities, 1291; and foreign consuls, 1308; and
    Louisiana Bank, 1323; French privateer in, 1328-29; post road
    from Natchez, 1339, 1340; delays in Spanish evacuation of,
    1402; TJ on force to defend, 1416, 1456, 1458; JM on public
    property in, 1513-14; prize ship in, 1526; Battle of, 1753-54,
    1758, 1763, 1764; mentioned, 105, 106, 107, 776, 779, 785,
    1226, 1326, 1525, 1695 
New Orleans (American merchantman), 1361 
Newport, Del., 217 
Newport, R.I.: French fleet at, 154, 189; fortifications at, 1187 
Newport News, Va., 159 
Newspapers: TJ on, 848, 1582, 1952 
Newton, Sir Isaac, 20 
Newton, Mr., 1281 
Newton, Thomas, Jr., 161,
    1439, 1483, 1492 
Newtown pippin apples, 391, 493, 508, 511
Newtown Spitzenburg apples, 511
New Windsor, N.Y., 196
New York, N.Y.: Democratic Society of, 865; and Jay's treaty,
    885, 896, 933-34; British ships in harbor of, 1338; defense of,
    1720; mentioned, 1262, 1268, 1300, 1326, 1361
New York (U.S. frigate), 1239, 1245
New York Evening Past, 1673
New York Magazine, 678
New York Mercantile Advertiser, 1718
New York Minerva, 939
New York State: cedes western land claims, 129, 202, 210; and
    revenue system of 1783, 238; paper money in, 429-30; and
    Constitution, 504, 508, 521, 530, 531, 542, 543, 547 549;
    elections in, 607, 662, 872, 1131, 1132, 1587, 1590, 1627,
    1685, 1742; and Vermont statehood, 614; federal lawsuits in,
    1217; and embargo, 1521
New York Time Piece, 1068
Niagara: British retain troops at, 346; Smyth's debacle at,
    1684, 1709; mentioned, 1279, 1301, 1702
Niagara River, 1712
Nicholas, Elizabeth. See Randolph, Elizabeth Nicholas
Nicholas, George, 245, 420, 509, 534, 729, 1096
Nicholas, John: on Whiskey Rebellion, 862, 863; leaves
    Congress early, 1042, 1052; attacks Sedition Law, 1100; on
    Robbins's affair, 1128; reports on fires in government
    offices, 1162; mentioned, 420, 765, 795, 797, 978
Nicholas, John, Jr. (Charlottesville Federalist), 1121
Nicholas, Margaret Smith (Mrs. Wilson Cary), 1716
Nicholas, Philip Norborne, 1160
Nicholas, Robert Carter, 55, 56, 1272, 1326, 1716, 1717,
    1768
Nicholas, Wilson Cary: favors ratification, 534; on French
    Revolution, 785, 795; JM on views of, 817; buys land near
    Charlottesville, 868; and
    speculation 871-72; reelected to Virginia House, 928
    and TJ's petition on Cabell's presentment,
    986; middleman for TJ and Kentucky resolutions 1068;
    middleman for JM and Virginia resolutions, 1071; and renewal
    of Kentucky and Virginia resolutions, 1109, 1118; and Ross
    bill, 1131; carries letter to Dolley Madison, 1136; carries TJ's
    money from Philadelphia, 1145; and Louisiana, 1209, 1283,
    1290; and policy towards Spain, 1359; and repeal of Embargo
    Act, 1551-52; reaction of, to Robert Smith's dismissal, 1716;
    and Charles Jouett, 1767; as governor of Virginia, 1768, 1776,
    1792, 1802; and Rockfish Gap commission, 1793 appoints
    Virginia Board of Visitors, 1795; and TJ's indebtedness, 1953,
    1966; mentioned, 779, 784, 797, 800, 812, 1121, 1128, 1135
Nicholson, George, 193, 200 
Nicholson, John, 767-68 
Nicklin, Philip: and New Jersey, 1378 
Niemcewicz, Julian U., 1469, 1471 
Neimcewicz, Susan Livingston Kean (Mrs. Julian U.),
    1469 
Nile River, 1643, 1645 
Niles'Register, 1979 
Nimes, France, 335 
Nimms, James, 1251 
Noailles, Louis-Marie,	vicomte de, 772,903 
Nobles: order in Estates General, 616-17,
    624, 625 
"No Jacobin" (pseudonym: Alexander Hamilton), 802
Nonimportation bill of 1794, 840, 841, 843 
Nonimportation Act of 1806; enactment of, 1409; postponed, 1410, 1446, 1462; goes
    into effect, 1504; and debate on extension to France, 1551; New
    England petitions against, 1670; mentioned, 1703
Nonintercourse Act: replaces Embargo Act, 1553; plied to
    France, 1593; applied to England and rance, 1597;
    JM's interpretation of, 1598; expiration of, 1615
    reimposed on Great Britain, 1619; mentioned, 1590
Noonan, John T., Jr., 15
Nootka Sound incident, 645-47, 657-59
Norfolk, Va.: and Virginia port bill of 1784, 279=80, 322, 349;
    British use navy yard at, 1411, 1439, 1440; and canal to
    Albemarle Sound, 1711; defense of, 1720; professors arrive
    at, 1915, 1926; mentioned, 1281, 1307, 1483
Norman's Ford, Va., 1226, 1519
North, Frederick, second earl of Guilford: 44-45,
    306
North, William, 166, 180, 1050
North American: newspaper essays by, 267
North American Review: publishes JM,'s views on
nullification, 1987, 1988, 1990
Northampton County, Pa., 1454
North Carolina: and revenue system of 1783,
    238-39; paper money in, 429; and Constitution,
    505, 531, 542, 550, 595; resolutions,. 1067; and
    Alien and Sedition Laws, 1090; federal lawsuits in,
    1218; in election of 1812, 1685, 1705
Northern Confederacy of Neutrals, 1159
Northern Neck of Virginia, 403-4, 407, 535
North River. See Rio Grande
Northwest Ordinance of 1787, 436
Northwest posts: retained by British, 435, 681-83,
    711, 712, 713, 722, 724, 727; Jay's treaty on, 872,
    882, 893
Northwest Territory: TJ on, 294-95; British demand slice of,
    1734, 1746; mentioned, 244
"Notes on Ancient and Modern Confederacies"
    (JM), 440-41
"Notes on the Debates of the Constitutional Convention": JM
    preserves, 444, 681; TJ praises, 525; JM lends, to TJ, 887,
    899-900, 930, 931, 932; mentioned, 936, 1094
Notes an the State of Virginia (TJ), 4, 206; TJ's antislavery
    views in, 19-20; TJ's anti-Negro views in, 20-21; John
    Chester Miller on, 21; and TJ's draft constitution for
    Virginia, 29, 235-36; TJ publishes, 285, 319, 332-35, 372;
    JM and, 381, 387, 392,401, 419, 492; distribution of, 410,
    530; Jefferson-Fry map of Virginia in, 492; mentioned, 23,
    27, 155
Nova Scotia, 212, 717
Nullification: term used in Kentucky resolutions of 1799, 1082,
    1109; South Carolina doctrine of, 1979-80; JM attacks South
    Carolina doctrine of, 1981, 1982, 1988, 1999; Hayne
    defends doctrine of, 1985; and minority rule, 1989; Andrew
    Jackson denounces, 1995; crisis ends peaceably, 1997-98;
    JM on pop ularity of, in South, 1998; mentioned, 31-32, IM
Nullifiers: switch from JM to TJ as patron saint, 1989-90; JM
    rebuts, 1990-91; invoke JM's Virginia resolutions, 1993-94;
    adopt Nullification Ordinance in South Carolina, 1993-94;
    JM labels, counterrevolutionaries, 2000. See also Calhoun,
    John Caldwell; Giles, William Branch; Hayne, Robert
    Young; Nullification
Nuttal, Thomas, 1813



O

Oakley, Charles, 1581, 1583
Oak trees: live, 511
O'Brien, Richard: as consul at Algiers, 583, 1194,
    1213; and treaty with Tunis, 1214; mentioned,
    1240, 1263, 1264, 1265, 1266
Observations on Modern Gardening (Thomas
    Whately), 399
"Observator" (Alexander Hamilton), 1152
Octagon House, 1733
Odometer, 708
Oeller's Hotel, 973
Office of Discount and Deposit, 1330, 1589
O'Flaherty, Mr., 1858, 1859
Ogden, Samuel G., 1407, 1432, 1436, 1437
O'Hara, Colonel, 117
O'Hara, James, 103, 105
Ohio: Territory, 1197; war spirit in (1812), 1683
Ohms, Mr., 1438
Old Republicans, 32, 1954, 1957
Olmstead case, 1589
Oneida Indians, 348
Olson, Mr. See Blicher Olsen, Peder
Onis, Don Luis (Chevalier de Onis), 1606, 1608,
    1782
Opelousas, La., 1343, 1638
Opossum, 421, 493, 508, 529
Orange County, Va., 43, 44, 737, 774
Order: and liberty, 669
Orders-in-council: spoliation payments for, of 1793
    and 1794, 882; mentioned, 1735
Ordinance of 1787: antislavery provisions of, 25
O'Reily, Henry, 1465
Orleans, Louis-Philippe-Joseph duc d', 628
Orleans Territory, 1332, 1336, 1341
Orr, Benjamin Grayson, 637, 1185
Ortega, Mr., 1526
Oswage, U.S. ship 1536
Osgood, Samuel, 697, 1268, 1300
Oster, Martin, 363
Oswald, Eleazer, 982
Oswald, Richard, 219, 250
Oswego, N.Y., 346
Otis, Harrison Gray, 978, 1061, 1088, 1161, 1185
Otis, James, 1845, 1876
Otis, Samuel Allyn, 590, 1224
Otsego County, N.Y., 731, 734
Otto, Louis: appraisal of JM of, 444, 472, 677, 1247
Overton, John, 687
Owings, David, 720
Oxford University, 1858, 1885
Oznabrigs, 844



P

Paca, William, 504 
Pacific (U.S. ship), 1590, 1591 
"Pacificus" (Alexander Hamilton), 754, 791, 792, 795, 801; JM on, 810,
    817; Edmund Randolph on, 817 
Page, Francis, 1577 
Page, John:
    TJ's oldest friend, 11, 59; acts as lieutenant governor of
    Virginia, 65-66; reportedly opposes ratification, 509; favors
    ratification, 534; elected to first Congress, 605; and Mazzei,
    651; gives TJ grandfather's manuscript, 909; TJ appoints, as
    collector, 1231; visits Monticello, 1284; appointed to loan
    office, 1435; mentioned, 123, 923, 950, 1160, 1163, 1282, 1577
Page, Mann, 245, 420, 505, 534, 785, 901, 1160 
Page, Matthew, 909 
Pain de singe, 249 
Paine, Elijah, 860 
Paine, Ephraim, 310
Paine, Thomas: writes Public Good, 215; proposed
    remuneration for, 283, 323; presented farm in New York, 319;
    TJ on services of, 319, 354; TJ writes preface to Rights of Man
    of, 667, 685; Rights of Man of, JM on, 688-89; mentioned for
    postmaster general, 697, 698, 699, 700; attacked by Plain Truth,
    771; on luxury taxes, 843; confined by Robespierre, 907;
    attacks Washington for supporting Jay's treaty, 950, 956; writes
    Agrarian Justice, 982; letter of, to the French, 1031; TJ offers
    passage to, on American vessel, 1190; writes Compact
    Maritime, 1161; mentioned, 981, 1276, 1277
Pakenham Sir Edward, 1753
Palladio, Andrea, 1136, 1778, 1787, 1788, 1789
Palmer, Aaron Haight, 1601-2
Palmer, Jonathan, 1464
Pamunkey River, Va., 155
Panic of 1819, 1817, 1821, 1953
Pantheon: and Rotunda, 1819; mentioned, 1820, 1842
Paoli (U.S. ship), 1260
"Paper blockade": JM on, 1424
Paper money: Virginia redeems Continental currency, 142; JM
    on, 397, 405, 415, 429 470; Constitution restricts states power
    over, 445; Virginia assembly rejects, 45491; Patrick Henry
    favors, 473, 479; debated in Virginia (1787), 476; ceases to
    circulate in Philadelphia, 484; federal restriction on state
    emission of, 491, 500; faction in Rhode Island, 504; opposed
    in Kentucky, 553 mentioned, 125-27, 725
Paradise, Jon: JM on claims of, 419, 432;
    mentioned, 412-13, 418, 534, 535
Paradise, Lucy Ludwell, 418
Pardon: power of Virginia governor to, 403
Park, Dr.,1393, 1394
Park, Miss, 1393, 1394
Parker, Josiah, 80, 81, 605, 742, 1042
Parker, Richard, 532
Paris, France: and French Revolution, 602; troops dispatched
    to, 625; American consl general at, 1307; and loss of
Philadelphia, 1324; mentioned, 1213
Paris Society of Agriculture, 1622
Parlement of Paris, 452, 486, 490
Parliamentary authority: JM rejects, 39-40; TJ rejects, 
    40-42
Parr, Samuel, 1884
Parrott, Richard, 1465
Parsons, Theophilus, 1161
Parton, James, 53
Pasha of Tripoli, 1296, 1431-32
Passamaquoddy, 1500, 1734, 1746
Passports: for Mediterranean, 1178
Patent Office building, 1733
Paterson, William: as New Jersey's senator, 579; presides at
    Lyon's trial, 1079; Miranda case, 1407; death of, 1440; and
    mentioned, 478, 579
Patten, John, 860
Patterson, Edgar, 1541
Patterson, Elizabeth, 1383
Patterson, Mr., 1728
Patterson, Robert, 1770
Patterson, William: as vice consul at L'Orient, 1246
Paul, Mr., 1179
Paulding, James Kirke: on Dolley Madison's ability as a
    runner, 1791; mentioned, 1686, 1706
Paulet, Jesse, 97
Paulett, Richard, 97
Payne, Anna, 967, 1187, 1191, 1195. See also Cutts, 
    Anna Payne
Payne, John C., 1021
Peace of Amiens, 1255; 1257, 1409
Peach, 391
Peale, Charles Willson: invents polygraph, 1367;
    mentioned, 726, 1120
Peale, Rembrandt, 1962
Peale's Museum, 726
Pearl River, 1272, 1301, 1456
Peas, 391, 542
Pecans: JM sends, to TJ, 474, 477; TJ receives, in France,
    483, 493; mentioned, 412, 421, 469, 479, 485
Peckham, Howard H.: quoted, 91
Pederson, Feder, 1283
Pedometer, 411, 419, 487, 494, 529, 538
Pendleton, Edmund: on committee to revise Virginia laws, 5,
    330; opposes disestablishment of Anglican Church, 55; and
    Simon Nathan, 168; and western land claims of Virginia, 210;
    appointed to supplemental revision committee, 455, 466;
    favors ratification, 504, 509, 534; sends recommendation for
    Supreme Court justice, 701, 702; on Franco-American
    relations, 812, 816; and election of 1800, 1112; mentioned,
    243, 587, 745 
Pendleton, Nathaniel, Jr., 478, 701 
Penet, Peter, 64-65, 88 
Penet Company (of France), 155, 163 
Penet Wendel and Company, 65, 98-103, 106 
Pennsylvania:
    legislature authorizes commandeering supplies for
    Continental army, 140; and collapse of Continental currency,
    195; and revenue plan of 1783, 238; paper money in, 429;
    ratifies Constitution, 451, 504, 508 515, 519, 530; move for
    second conventiun in, 532; elections to first Congress, 582
    assembly expels members from Whiskey Rebellion counties,
    869; elections in 1795, 899; federal lawsuits in, 1217; defies
    federal authority, 1588-89; in election of 1812, 1685, 1705
Pennsylvania Line of Continental troops: assigned to southern
    army, 134; mutiny of, 135, 156-57, 162-63; assigned to
    Virginia, 173, 181, 189, 193 
Penobscot River, 1731
Pensacola, 1342 
Pentemont, Abbeye Royale de, 486
Perceval, Spencer: ministry of, 1573 1665; JM on
    "quackeries" of, 1607, 1676, 1688; Prince of Wales and
    ministry of, 1661 ; strengthens British order-in-council, 1672
    assassination of, 1681, 1698; TJ on, 1689, 1700; mentioned,
    1470, 1534, 1692 
Perdido River: TJ discusses right to, 1327;
    as disputed boundary of Louisiana, 518; mentioned, 1282,
    1328, 1452, 1494 
Pernier, John, 1609 
Perry, Mr., 1933-35, 1936, 1937 
Perry, Oliver Hazard, 1712, 1729, 1730
Perryman, Mr., 1434 
Peru, 1359 
Pervis, Mr., 908, 909 
Peters, Richard, 267, 766, 871, 1465, 1974 
Petersburg, Va., 630, 886,
1231, 1241, 1251, 1529 
Peterson, Merrill D.: quoted, 10, 1002, 1503 
Petry, Jean Baptiste, 833, 1393, 1472 
Pettus, Samuel O., 97 
Peyton, Bernard, 1942-43, 1970 
Peyton, Howe, 1938
Peyton, John, 108 
Phlegon, 647 
Phelps, Mr., 1434 
Phelps, Oliver, 692 
Philadelphia: celebrates ratification of Articles of
    Confederation, 171; and location of national capital, 268-69, 547-
    48, 552, 662; and Jay's treaty, 885, 896, 933; TJ returns to
    (1797), 995; fracas in, during war crisis of 1798, 1004-5; foreign
    consuls at, 1308; Russian ships visit, 1436; shipmasters petition TJ,
    1537, 1538; mentioned, 1375 
Philadelphia (U.S. frigate),
    captured, 1295; Decatur destroys, 1295; crew ransomed, 1296;
    and request for foreign intervention, 1311 1324 
Philadelphia Aurora: prints Gallatin's speech on Jay's treaty, 927; predicts
    election of 1796 will be decided by House, 959; reprints letters
    forged by British to discredit Washington 991; "Pliny" critical of, 1064-
    65; publishes JM's articles, 1073, 1087, 1094; publishes Ross bill,
    1115; TJ subscribes to, for Captain Winston, 1136; and libel on
    Liston, 1183; and Duane, 1129, 1172, 1280-81;
    on Louisiana Purchase, 1287; on yellow fever
    (1805), 1380; publishes white paper on War of
    1812, 1766; mentioned, 1149, 1155
Philadelphia Gazette of the United States, 692, 791,
    801, 807, 962, 1008, 1064-65
"Philadelphia Junto," 1650
Phillips, William: intercedes on behalf of Henry
    Hamilton, 63-64, 90, 91-95, 118; captured at
    Saratoga, 72, 82-84, 119; commands in Virginia;
    197; dies, 197-98
Phosphorous matches, 332, 333, 351 367
Physick, Philip Syng, 1354, 1361, 1373, 1375, 1385
Piankesha Indians, 1426
Pichon, Louis Andre: as French charge d'affairs to United
    States, 1189; and Leclerc's seizures of American cargoes,
    1225; cancels visit to Monticello and Montpellier, 1240,
    1342, 1344-45; and French Negroes from Guadaloupe, 1240,
    1248; on right of deposit at New Orleans, 1263-64, 1265; and
    case of Cloupet, 1275; JM discusses Jerome Bonaparte
    with, 1276 and Spanish protest of sale d' Louisiana, 1285; on
    French consul in Kentucky, 1306 1307-8; at Baltimore, 1311;
    complains of British ships in American waters, 1338; returns
    to France, 1344; protests actions of U.S. armed
    merchantmen, 1363-64; mentioned, 1097, 1099, 1232, 1233,
    1241, 1340
Pickens, Andrew, 838, 1197, 1199
Pickering (U.S. public vessel), 1260
Pickering, Timothy: appointed secretary of war, 869; succeeds
    Randolph as secretary of state, 886, 890, 899; and Jay's
    treaty, 906; receives journal of federal convention, 930;
    writes pamphlet on Franco-American affairs, 961; on XYZ
    affair, 962, 1001, 1006, 1060, 1853; attends Washington ball,
    998, 1024; Federalist attitudes towards, 1028; instructions
    of, to envoys, 1061, 1094; on impressment, 1086; and
    retaliation bill, 1095; Adams dismisses, 1117-18, 1141; on
    federal commission relating to western land claims of
    Georgia, 1211; ousted as senator, 1669-70; disunion
    sentiments of, 1682; on Declaration of Independence, 1845,
    1846, 1875-77, 1878; mentioned, 898, 1321, 1578, 1614
Pickett, Martin, 696
Pictet, Professor, 1909, 1963, 1964
Pierce, John, 1428, 1462, 1476
Pierce, William, 444, 478
Pike, Zebulon Montgomery, 1493, 1522
Pinckney, Charles: delegate to Constitutional Convention, 469,
    478; and navigation of Mississippi, 506; introduces jury bill,
    1126; introduces amendment to bar federal judges from
    holding other federal appointments, 1127, 1131, 1133; heads
    Republican committee in South Carolina, 1139-40; as
    minister to Spain, 1198, 1199, 1200; on complaints of
    American merchants, 1236; and Algeciras depredations,
    1238; and Spanish protest against sale of Louisiana, 1285;
    and the Floridas, 1292; letter from, 1293, 1327, 1368, 1370,
    1374; JM critical of, 1305; and Mobile Act, 1342, 1346; and
    Yrujo, 1345, 1347; teamed with Monroe, 1354-55; and
    collapse of negotiations with Spain, 1354, 11375, 1379;
    returns from Spain, 1385, 1387, 1392; mentioned, 1185, 1213,
    1242, 1243, 1279, 1280, 1281, 1306, 1311, 1363
Pinckney, Charles Cotesworth: delegate to Constitutional
    Convention, 469, 478; appointed minister to France, 956,
    958, 961, 964, 965; rejected as American ambassador by
    France, 946-47, 968, 975; nominated to three-man mission
    to France, 970-71, 978; and Jay's treaty, 979; and XYZ
    affair, 1000-1, 1057, 1853; as
    general in provisional army, 1086; nominated for vice
    presidency in 1800, 1117, 1118, 1140, 1154; as presidential
    candidate in 1804, 1352; as presidential candidate in 1808,
    1548; mentioned, 1139, 1148 
Pinckney, Thomas: appointed
    minister to Great Britain, 718, 813; denies hereditary wisdom,
    728; and TJ's threshing machine, 770, 776, 814; and British
    seizure of noncontraband goods, 823; Republicans prefer, to
    special envoy, 827; corresponds with Grenville about neutral
    rights, 832; negotiates favorable treaty with Spain, 893, 925;
    retires as minister to Great Britain, 939; as Federalist vice
    presidential candidate in 1796, 941, 942, 948, 951, 952, 955; TJ
    writes to, about political dissension, 970; and Jay's treaty, 979;
    opposes Sprigg resolutions, 1030; and Hamilton party, 1033;
    Adams impugns character of, 1157; mentioned, 825, 874, 875
Pinckney's treaty grants free navigation of Mississippi, 893, 924-
    25; fate linked with Jay's treaty, 921, 933, 934, 964; TJ on, 923;
    and Spanish armed merchantman, 1188; JM on, 1252; and right
    of deposit at New Orleans, 1254; mentioned, 916, 918, 921,
    1260 
Pine, Robert Edge, 648 
Pinkney, Judge (of Orleans
    territory), 1336 
Pinkney, William: and joint mission with Monroe
    to Great Britain, 1420, 1422; negotiates with Canning,1508-
    9, 1533, 1539, 1559, 1597, 1601; letter from, 1519, 1541, 1581,
    1590, 1658; JM on error of, 1534; on "Copenhagen" Jackson,
    1572; and Cadore letter, 1619, 1648; and Wellesley, 1631;
    resigns as minister to Great Britain, 1656, 1657, 1663, 1668,
    1672; appointed minister to Russia, 1782; mentioned, 1213,
    1277, 1408, 1514, 1521, 1525, 1528, 1531, 1548, 1601, 1637,
    1895 
Pintard, John Marsden, 1191 
Pinus Strobus, 690 
Piper,George, 1183 
Pippin apples, 508 
Piracy, 116 
Pirkman, John, 321 
Pitt, T., 723 
Pitt, William (the Younger): as British prime
    minister, 311, 698, 739; and impressments, 1342-43; death of,
    1409; mentioned, 306, 935, 1294 
Pittsburgh, Pa., 850, 1529
Pittsburgh Tree of Liberty, 1530 
Pittsylvania County, Va., 148
Plain Facts (Samuel Wharton), 215 
Plain Truth (James Chalmers), 771 
Plattsburgh, N.Y., 1731 
Pleasanton, Stephen, 1501 
Pleasants, James, 1968 
Plenary Court (France), 527 
"Pliny": critical of TJ, 1064 
Plows: JM buys, from Logan,
    769, 777, 785, 794, 1623 Tull's, 782; JM on, 820; TJ designs
    mould board of, 1623; TJ and, 1624; TJ and JM on, 1622-23
Plumer, William, 1290-91 
Plums, 391, 511 
Plymouth, Mass., 300 
Pocket compass, 332, 368 
Pocket telescope, 368
Poinsett, Joel R., 1190 
Pt. Coupee (Orleans), 1343, 1631
Polanen, R. G, 1233 
Polignac family, 625 
Political Arithmetic (Thomas Cooper), 1116 
Political intolerance: TJ on, 1165
Political Observations (JM), 856, 879 
Political parties: origins of,
667; and newspapers, 672; JM on, 709, 910 
"Political Reflections" (JM), 1073, 1094 
Polk, Charles Peale, 1120
Pollock, George, d 336, 1337, 1343 
Pollock, Mr:; 477 
Pollock, Oliver, 248 
Polly case, 1360 
Polybius, 498 
Polyglot Bible, 1897, 1898 
Polygraph, 1367 
Polytype. See Copying press 
Pond, Peter, 678 
Popham, Sir H., 1471 
Poplar Forest: TJ visits (1805), 1372
    TJ visits (1807) 1492, 1493; TJ visits (1809), 1602, 1607;
    TJ visits (1810), 1624, 1625, 1640, 1645; TJ visits (1812), 1689,
    1704; TJ visits (1813), 1726; TJ visits (1814), 1743; TJ visits
    (1815), 1767; TJ visits (1817), 1778, 1785, 1786, 1789; TJ visits
    (1818), 1804; TJ visits (1819), 1810, 1814; TJ visits (1820),
    1824; TJ visits (1821), 1831, 1836; TJ visits (1822), 1840;
    mentioned, 1344, 1595-96, 1789, 1813-14 
Popular elections, 1353 
Popular government. See Representative government
Popular sovereignty: contrasted with legislative sovereignty,
    447 
Population: JM on political economy and distribution of, 423-24 
"Porcupine, Peter." See Cobbett, William Porcupine's
    Gazette: quoted, 973; blasts Logan's mission to France, 1008;
    calls Bache "organ of the French," 1009; on TJ's role in
    "treasonable correspondence," 1009, 1061; denounces TJ as
    head of French faction, 1010; links TJ, Bache, and treasonable
    conspiracy, 1065 
Pork, 408 
Port Deposit, Md., 217 
Porte, 460, 1309, 1311 
Porter, Charles, 278, 308 
Porter, Captain Thomas, 97
Portland, Me., 1262, 1300 
Portland, William Henry Cavendish
    Bentinck, third duke of: Laurens on, 249-50; forms Tory ministry,
    1448, 1470, 1472, 1473, 1474, 1475; repudiates Erskine
    Agreement, 1570; collapse of ministry of, 1607 
Portopotank, Va., 154 
Potomac Company, 374 
Potomac River: jurisdiction over,
    281, 302-3, 307-8, 323, 369, 960; navigation of, 356-57; canal,
    428-29, 459-60, 516; mentioned, 1253 
Potomac River Company, 389 
Portsmouth (U.S. frigate), 1133 
Portsmouth, N.H., 885, 896, 1250 
Portugal, 152-53, 1013, 1826, 1844 
Posse comitatus: TJ
    on use of, 1351 
Postal system: TJ and JM suspicious of, 750
Post office: and contracts for carrying mail, 1177-78, 1179; and
    schedule between Washington and Milton, Virginia, 1330 
Post Office building: as temporary home of Congress, 1733 
Post road, national: TJ and JM differ over, 32, 923-24, 929 
Potter, James, 156 
Potter, Judge, 1522-23 
Potts, Richard, 860 
Poulson's American Daily Advertiser (Philadelphia), 1665 
Powell, Cuthbert, 1465 
Powell, Robert, 96 
Powell's Valley, Va., 104, 110 
Power: and liberty, 565
Poydras, Julien de Lalande, 1336, 1337, 1343, 1418, 1419,
    1633, 1634
Practical Navigator and Seaman's New Daily
    Assistant, The, 689, 690
Preble, Edward: negotiates end of war with Morocco, 1303;
    captures Tripoline vessel, 1306, 1308-9; and Grand Seignor,
    1311; and Navy Department,
    1337 purchases vessel as gift to Tunis, 1426; and
    gunboats, 1723; mentioned, 1259, 1368
Prentis, Joseph, 59-60, 456, 532
Prentis, Joshua, 1326
Prentiss, Samuel, 1250
Presbyterians, 1818, 1922
President (U.S. frigate), 1656, 1669
President, office of: constitutional provisions for,
    496-97
President's House: burned by British, 1731
Preston, Francis, 769, 1197, 1199, 1909
Preston, William, 148
Preston, William Campbell, 1909-10, 1912, 1916,
    1922, 1926, 1930, 1964
Prevost , Sir George, 1683, 1703, 1731
Prevost: J. B., 1331, 1336, 1337, 1419
Price, Mr., 1695
Pride, Mr., 605
Pri1604estley, Joseph, 319, 684-85, 1124, 1287, 1311,
Primogeniture, 334
Prince, William, 508, 529, 694, 695, 697
Prince Edward County, Va., 55, 479
Princeton, N.J.: and Pennsylvania Line mutiny, 157;
    Congress moves to, 233, 261, 268; TJ arrives at,
    271-72; JM visits, 684
Princeton University. See College of New Jersey
Printing: TJ describes plates for, 412
Printing press: needed m Richmond, 134, 143-44,
    166
Prisoners of war: British, 63, 74-76, 91-95, 113,
    114, 118; American, 63, 64, 91-92, 93, 118, 120
Pritchard, Mr., 319
Privateers, 883, 898
Private rights, 448. See also Individual liberties
Prizes: restitution of, 1180-82
"Probationary Odes of Jonathan Pindar, The" (St.
    George Tucker), 792
Proceedings of the Government of the United States
    Against the Intrusion of Edward Livingston,
    The (TJ), 1690
Proclamation of Neutrality, 749, 751, 765-66, 787,
    798-99, 801-2, 803, 822
Proclamation of 1763, 215
Property: and factions, 501
Property rights: TJ's generational theory of, 641,
    651-52; JM on, 709
Prophet (Indian leader), 1676
Prophetstown, 1676
Prospect before Us The (James T. Callender), 1137,
    1152
Protective tariffs, 1976
Protestant Episcopal Church, 331, 360-61, 466
Prussia: and Baron D'Arendt, 161-62; and Austria, 460; and
    Holland, 460; treaty with, 883, 1190; mentioned, 1150, 1309
Public accounts: settlement of Revolutionary, 475
Public credit: JM's efforts to establish, 593; Congress levies taxes to
    pay, 613; and national defense, 645
Public debts: and TJ's generational theory, 640-42,
    651; and mint bill, 719. See also National debt;
    "Report on Public Credit"
Public Good (Thomas Paine), 215
Public lands: sale of, 491. See also Western lands
"Publicola" (John Quincy Adams), 695, 691, 693,
    697. See also Adams, John Quincy
Public opinion: JM on, 502; TJ on, 1165, 1166, 1294,
    1322-23, 1353
"Publius " 1408
Pufendorf, Samuel, Freiherr von, 360 1360
Purchas, Samuel: edits Purchas His Pilgrimes, 212
Purviance Mr., 1438, 1896
Purvis, Captain James, 97
Putnam, P., 1301
Pyrenees, 1531
Pythagoras, 1878



Q

Quadruple Alliance, 1759 
Quakers, 1031 
Queenston, 1684
Quasi war with France, 1008, 1029-30, 1086, 1142, 1169
Quebec; 1490, 1687, 1731, 1746 
Queen Anne's, Md., 663
Queenstown Heights, 1707 
Quids, 1405, 1696 
Quitrents: abolished in Northern Neck, 403-4



R

Rabbits, 391
Racial prejudice: TJ's views on, 16, 20-21
Rademaker, Mr., 1520, 1522
Rakove, Jack: quoted, 518
Raleigh, N.C., 1139, 1146
Ralston, Mr., 1471
Ramage, Mr., 1537
Rambouillet Decree, 1617-18
Rampart arms, 191-92, 193, 196, 197
Ramsay, David, 539, 581, 838, 1130
Randall family, 1529
Randolph, Anne Cary, 739
Randolph, Archibald C., 1694
Randolph, B. R., 1529, 1530
Randolph, Benjamin Franklin, 1630
Randolph, Beverley, 509
Randolph, David Meade, 801, 802, 808, 810, 812,
    815, 816
Randolph, Edmund: on JM, 53-54; and western
    land claims of Virginia, 212-13, 215; as attorney
    general of Virginia, 221 TJ urges, to go into
    Virginia legislature, 223, 270; JM discusses
    national debt with, 247; on JM's reputation, 278;
    referred to as the attorney, 304-5; tutors JM in
    law, 364; and Virginia capitol, 385, 413, 424-25;
    as delegate to Annapolis Convention, 396, 404,
    405; TJ buys books for, 410; as delegate to
    Constitutional Convention, 454, 468, 469-70, 476,
    477, 478, 497; elected governor of Virginia, 456;
    and bust of Lafayette, 465, 474; on office of
    president, 497; opposes ratification, 503, 509, 515,
    534; supports call for second convention, 552; and
    navigation of Mississippi, 538; and instructions to
    American peace commissioners, 567; denies
    constitutionality of Bank of the United States, 666;
    TJ consults, on negotiations with Hammond, 712,
    721; defends TJ against Hamilton's newspaper
    attack, 715; drafts Proclamation of Neutrality,
    749, 751, 774-75, 787, 791, 817; TJ increasingly
    critical of, 752, 773-74, 804-5; on federal
    commissioners' compensation, 764-65; on John
    Nicholson, 767-68; marries Elizabeth Nicholas,
    779; sounds public opinion in Virginia, 794, 795,
    797; and Dutch loan, 798; and Democratic Society
    of Philadelphia, 804; and advisory board on
    foreign affairs, 805; Washington mentions, 806,
    807; and recall of Genet, 809; on place of meeting
    of Congress, 828; as secretary of state, negotiates
    with Hammond, 832-33; on meeting between
    Washington and Fauchet, 833; borrows books
    from TJ, 840, 841, 858, 861, 876; on Lord
    Dorchester's speech to Indians, 845; on
    Dohrman's debt to Mazzei, 859; TJ writes, about
    University of Geneva, 874, 875; Monroe writes,
    about his reception in France, 879; forced to resign
    by Washington, 886, 887, 899; succeeded by Pickering, 890;
    publishes Vindication, 900, 901, 903, 904, 907; Vindication
    attacked by "Peter Porcupine," 907; appointed Virginia
    commissioner on Potomac boundary, 961; attends Albemarle
    court, 1176; mentioned, 70, 245, 324, 689, 705, 707, 726, 784,
    802, 840 
Randolph, Elizabeth Nicholas (Mrs. Edmund), 779
Randolph, Ellen, 1772, 1780, 1815 Randolph, Eaton, 1786
Randolph, James Madison: born in President's House, 1412
Randolph, John: breaks with TJ, 1400, 1405, 1667; animosity of,
    for JM, 1405-6; ridicules JM's Examination of the British
    Doctrine, 1408-9; and neutral rights, 1414; writes as "Decius,"
    1423; attempts to "assassinate" Two Million Dollar Act, 1424;
    supports Monroe in 1808, 1548; and repeal of Embargo Act,
    1552; breaks with Monroe, 1564, 1580, 1611, 1647, 1654, 1664;
    on Erskine Agreement, 1566; opposes economic coercion, 1650-
    51; on conflict in JM's cabinet, 1652; and Yazoo land case,
    1647; critical of JM in postwar years, 1772; on JM as a great
    man, 1775; mentioned, 1954 
Randolph, Sir John, 908 
Randolph, Martha "Patsy" Jefferson: 
    first son born to, 739; and illness of
    husband, 880, 898; TJ tells, of party hatreds, 1063; in residence
    at Monticello, 1146 TJ buys wig for, 1362; stays with TJ at
    President's House, 1412; illness of, 1371, 1780; illness of child
    of, 1602, 1603, 1786; affection for Dolley Madison, 1727, 1744,
    1772, 1787, 1805; visits Madisons 1816), 1772 
Randolph, Peter
    (of Chatsworth, Va.), 687 
Randolph, Peyton (died 1775), 45, 908,
    1847, 1877 
Randolph, Peyton (1738-1784), 391 
Randolph, Ryland, 371, 1425 
Randolph, Thomas Easton, 1786 
Randolph, Thomas Jefferson: birth of, 739; wounded by Bankhead, 1807;
    and TJ's final illness, 1972; edits TJ's writings, 1975;
    mentioned, 1563 
Randolph, Thomas Mann: marries Martha
    Jefferson, 654; TJ writes, about Freneau, 672; seeks horse for
    TJ, 675, 707; on crops (1791) 699; illness of, 880, 898; and Jay's
    treaty, 887; letter to TJ from, 900, 901-2, 1063-64; TJ writes,
    about Adams's cabinet firings, 1117-18; in residence at
    Monticello, 1146; TJ writes to, about daily schedules, 1210; and
    family stay with TJ in President's House, 1412; and illness of
    family, 1429; farm of, 1438; and Hackley, 1441; and merino
    sheep, 1640; and McGehee, 1644-45; JM appoints, to army
    command, 1717 organizes Albemarle Agriculture Society, 1792,
    1822; as governor of Virginia, 1798; and TJ, 1816; and
    university, 1817 mentioned, 737; 739, 800-1, 862, 1019, 1160,
    1582, 1727, 174, 1909 
Rape, 459 
Rapine, Daniel, 1465 
Raskin, Mr., 1373 	
Raiford, Jenkin, 1499 
Ratification, popular: of U.S.
    Constitution, 445 
Ratification conventions. See individual states
Ravensworth, Fairfax County, Va., 1176, 1226 
Rawle, William, 828 Ray, Mr., 1577 
Raynal, Guillaume-Thomas-Francois, Abbe
    de, 333 
Read, George, 293, 478, 579 
Read, Jacob, 310, 313, 1023, 1062 
Read, James, 1203 
Read, John,1186 
Reade, Captain Edmund, 186 
Reading, Pa., 1184 
Rebellion: TJ on need for, 514
Record of the Federal Convention of 1787, The, 518 
Recruiting, military: in Virginia, 67, 128 
Red birds, 493, 508, 529 
Red clover, 878 
Redman, Vincent, 81 
Red River, 1456, 1457, 1459, 1493 
Reed, George. See Read, George Reed, Joseph, 371
Reed, Mr.: and Burr conspiracy, 1471 
Rees's Cyclopedia, 1806
Reeve, Tapping, 1526, 1528. 
Reflections on the Revolution in
    France (Edmund Burke), 667-68, 685, 689 
Rein of Terror: in
    France, 752, 779 
Religion: JM's interest in feedom of, 38, 40,
    50; general tax assessment to support, 282-83; TJ on
    enactment of Virginia Statute on Religious Freedom, 458-59;
    and individual rigs, 448, 502. See also Freedom of religion
Religious intolerance: TJ on, 1165
Removal power of president, 31, 621-22
"Report concerning Continental Bills of Credit," 316-17
"Report of the Committee of Revisors on the Revision of
    the Laws," 331. See also Virginia revised code of laws
"Report on Public Credit" (Alexander Hamilton): provisions
    of, 642; TJ critical of, 642-43; JM's views on, 653-54
"Report on Restoring Public Credit" (JM), 230-31,
    239-41
"Report on the American Fisheries" (TJ) 678-80
"Report on the [Virginia] Resolutions" (JM), 1111,
    1123, 1124, 1125, 1918, 1925, 1988
"Report on Weights and Measures" (TJ), 647, 677, 696, 719
Representation: JM on, 442; and delegated powers, 447;
    based on population, 470-71, 496; in Congress, 503
Representative government: and American Revolution, 2, 6; TJ
    on, 3; JM on, 28; founded on the people, 443; and ratification
    of Constitution by the people, 446
Republican government: and representation of the people,
    446; JM on, 448-49, 496
Republicanism: and savery, 13-26; and individual rights, 500-2;
    distinguished from royalism, 588; and titles, 609; JM on, 614,
    709, 710; and Freneau, 672; TJ links American and French,
    751; and Democratic societies, 861; TJ on, 1165-66; and
    majority rule, 1982, 1991-92; new phase of, 1984; rejected by
    nullification, 1989; mentioned, 668, 669
Republican party: JM's use of the term, 710; Hamilton calls, a
    faction, 714, 1006; labeled "Mr. Madison's party;" 744, 881; in
    election of 1792, 745; TJ on distinctions between, and
    Federalists, 747, 774; TJ outlines party strategy of, 756-57;
    and discriminatory duties, 825-26; JM on weakness of (1794),
    827; and Democratic societies, 862; in New York, 866; in
    New Jersey, 866; doubles representation in New York (1795),
    872; TJ and JM plan strategy of, after Jay's treaty, 886-87;
    caucuses in House for first time, 892; calls for treaty to
    replace Jay's, 893; shrivels after opposing Jay's treaty, 895;
    nominates TJ for presidency (1796), 940; TJ succeeds JM as
    leader of, 971, 995, 996; as advocate of legislative power,
    996; TJ on names for, 996, 1047, 1093; representatives
    attend Washington ball, 998; labeled faction by Sedgwick,
    999; labeled French partisans 1000; JM calls, "the
    Constitutional party;" 1032; TJ on strategy for (1798-99),
    1073; upsets Federalists in New York (1800), 1138; New
    England wing revolts against embargo, 1552; collapse of
    leadership of (1809), 1553-54;
    nominates JM in 1808, 1548; loses seats in House (1809),
    1585; JM on disorientation of (1809), 1623; schisms in, 1589,
    1650, 1696; election victories of, in New York (1814),1730;
    JM on origins of, 1848; TJ on principles of, 1862-63;
    mentioned, 31, 672
Republic of letters: TJ on, 3
Republics: size of, 448
Reputation: Francis Bacon on, 2
Residence Act: rumor of repeal attempt, 735
Resignation of General Washington, The (painting), 1774
Retaliation (U.S. armed vessel), 1086, 1096
Retaliation bill, 1096
Reveley, John, 99
Revenue cutters, 731, 733
Revenue system of 1783: JM briefs TJ on, 236-39; JM's
    efforts to establish, 593; mentioned, 221, 230-31, 420 435
Revised code of Virginia. See Virginia revised code of laws
Revisionist historians: of slavery, 15-26
Revolution: right of, 1983, 199 "Revolution o 1800": TJ on, 
    1166, 1620-21
Reyneval, Joseph Matthais Gerard de, TJ's appraisal of, 436,
    464
Reynolds, James, 984
Reynolds, Maria (Mrs. James), 984
Reynolds, William, 1248, 1249
Rhea, John, 1337, 1552
Rhode Island: opposes Confederation impost. 230-31, 363; and
    revenue system of 1237; TJ visits, 285, 321; vetoes efforts
    to strengthen Confederation, 387 paper money in, 430;
    referred to as Rogues Island, 443; refuses to send delegates
    to Constitutional Convention, 476; and federal Constitution,
    504; refuses to call ratification convention for Constitution,
    504, 508, 547; favors Bill of Rights, 595; ratifies onstitution,
    662; federal lawsuits in, 1217
Rhode Island: college in. See Brown University
Rhode Island greening apples, 511
Rhododendrons, 511, 694
Rice: TJ ships to South Carolina, 495, 512; African upland,
    694
Richard, Father Gabriel, 1575, 1611-13, 1665
Richards, John, 1465
Richards, Mark, 1250
Richardson, Richard: and TJ's nailery, 1146, 1148;
    mentioned, 1076, 1078, 1079, 1084
Richardson, Samuel, 6
Richelieu, Armand-Emmanuel du Plessis, duc de: on JM and
    postwar America, 1772
Richelieu river, 1735
Richmond Enquirer, 36, 1137, 1530, 1669, 1864, 1870, 1957
Richmond, Va.: state capitol moves to, 66-67, 71, 84, 128; and
    printing press, 166; British force state
    state government to flee, 176- 77; public buildings in,
    323; branch of Bank of United States to be
    established in, 737; and Genet, 816; and Jay's
    treaty, 885, 886 896 902; Burr's trial in, 1444 JM
    visits as elector for TJ, 1135; mentioned, 973-74,
    1139, 1141, 1187, 1189, 1604, 1839, 1979
Riddle, William, 1529, 1530
Ridgeley, Mr., 1522
Ridgely, Charles, 741
Ridgeway, Mr., 1341
Riedesel, Baron Friedrich von, 83, 84, 119
Riedesel, Baroness Frederika von, 83, 84
Rigaud, Andre, 1092
Rights of Man, The (Thomas Paine): TJ endorses,
    667, 687
Rights of the British Colonies Asserted and Proved,
    The (James Otis), 1845, 1876
Rio Bravo del Norte. See Rio Grande
Rio de Janeiro, 1583
Rio Grande, 1292, 1327, 1329, 1354, 1359, 1387,
    1493, 1522
Ritcheson, Charles R.: quoted, 722
Ritchie, Thomas: on Andrew Jackson, 1807-8; JM writes, 1948-51,
    1957; mentioned, 36, 1669, 1864, 1961, 1968
Rittenhouse David: TJ ships books to, 492; travels to New York with
    TJ, 688; welcomes Genet, 775; and kitchen stoves, 922, 926;
    mentioned, 146, 687, 947
Rittenhouse, Hannah Jacobs (Mrs. David), 926
Rittenhouse, Miss, 581
Rivanna River, 1429
Rives, William Cabell, 1964, 1978, 1984; 1996, 1997
Rivington, James, 139, 689, 690, 1027
Roach, Isaac, 736
Roads: joint efforts by Virginia, Maryland, and Pennsylvania to
    build, beyond Potomac, 358; discussed in TJ's Notes 425;
    from Potomac to Ohio River, 429
Roane, Spencer: opposes John Marshall's decisions, 34, 1870; and
    Virginia Executive Council, 363, 456; as presidential elector, 605;
    on Rockfish Gap commission, 1793; states' rights views of, 1850,
    1851; on federal-state relations, 1864; JM's letters to, 1870-75;
    mentioned, 1805
Robbins, Jonathan, 1128.
Roberts, Anne Jean: and ballooning, 332, 351, 367
Roberts, John, 1134
Roberts, Jonathan, 1754
Robertson, David, 916
Robertson, Mr., 1930, 1931, 1964
Robertson, Thomas Boiling, 1481, 1490, 1498
Robespierre, Maximilien-Francois-Marie-Isadore de,
    758, 907, 998, 1004, 1021, 1046
Robinson, Donald L., 15
Robinson, Moses, 671, 690
Robinson, Mr., 1486
Rochambeau, Jean-Baptiste-Donatien de Vimeur, comte de: plans
    campaign of 1781, 167, 174, 200; sails for France, 225; TJ
    proposes gift of land to, 412,419
Rochambeau, Donatien-Marie-Joseph de Vimeur, vicomte de,
    200
Rockfish Gap, Va., 1793, 1794-95, 1804, 1818, 1932
Rock Hall, Md., 663
Rodgers, John: TJ praises, 1303 on Mediterranean affairs, 1429;
    mentione, 1432, 1656, 1669, 1685
Rodney, Caesar A.: and Burr conspiracy, 1475, 1487; and Judge
    Davis, 1495; rules that batture is property of United States 1521
    1642 and Hull, 1523; mentioned, 1363, 1466, 1467, 1471,
    1474, 1512, 1523, 1604, 1607, 1634
Rodney, Admiral Sir George, 169, 190
Rodney, Thomas, 1272, 1301, 1336
Rogers, David, 106
Rogers, Richard, 1199, 1300
Roland, Jean-Marie, 782
Roman, James, 1336, 1343
Romanzoff, Count Nicholas de, 1608
Rome, N.Y., 344
Romulus (French warship), 188, 199, 1190 as ship assigned to
    carry TJ to France (1782), 217, 218, 222, 224
Ronald, William, 405, 534
Rose, Francis Taylor Madison (JM's sister), 1184
Rose, George H.: special envoy to United States,
    1496, 1503; failure of mission of, 1508, 1534, 1656,
    1665
Rose, Robert H., 1184, 1185
Roses, 694
Ross, David: Virginia commercial agent, 119, 172,
    174, 184, 189, 404-5, 1132
Ross, James: runs for governor of Pennsylvania,
    1013; introduces partisan electoral count bill in
    Senate, 1111-14, 1115, 1130, 1135; mentioned; 978
Ross, John, 636, 707, 828
Rossiter, Clinton: quoted, 518
Rotation in office, 450, 513, 546, 552
Rotation of crops, 866
Rotunda (University of Virginia): criticism of, 1820; funding for,
    approved, 1842-43, 1853; JM on, 1854; work on, begins, 1857;
    classrooms in, 1860, 1861; first public dinner in, 1889; mentioned,
    1819, 1834, 1839
Rowley, Mass., 1542, 1543
Royal absolutism: in France, 452
Royall, Anne Newport, 1975
Royal Military Academy, 1886
Royster Charles: quoted, 64
Ruby, Mr., 1303
Rufini, Mr., 1340
Rule of 1756: JM on illegality of, 1360-61, 1386; TJ on, 1398
    Stephen defends, 1471; mentioned, 883, 1359-60, 1408, 1412-
    14, 1537, 1569
Rum, 608, 619
Rumsey, James, 359-60, 369, 389
Rush, Benjamin: records TJ's appraisal of JM, 648; on election of
    1800, 1149; mentioned, 730, 957, 1522, 1722
Rush, Richard: compares JM with TJ and
    Washington, 1729'  minister to Great Britain, 1884,
    1896; mentioned, 1528, 1681, 1758, 1840, 1881,
    1898
Russel, Professor, 1903
Russel, William, 408
Russell, Gilbert C., 1609
Russell, Jonathan: U.S. chargi in London, 1705; appointed
    to peace commission, 1710, 1734; mentioned, 1672
Russell, Mr., 1306, 1311, 1324
Russia: and the Porte, 460; JM warns against United States being
    drawn into politics of, 1345; signs alliance with Great Britain, 1358
    Short appointed as minister to, 1576; and French Continental
    policy, 1585 excludes British trade, 1601 Robert Smith offered
    post as minister to, 152, 1663; offers to mediate war of 1812,
    1710, 1718; ukase on northwest coast of America, 1882
Rutherford, Robert, 765, 768
Rutland, Robert A.: quoted, 444, 528, 1687
Rutledge, Edward: TJ sends Notes to, 492; JM on, 816;
    mentioned, 828, 838, 860, 970
Rutledge, John: delegate to Constitutional Convention, 469,
    478; mentioned, 109, 110, 222, 563, 919
Rutledge, John, Jr., 860, 976, 979, 1187
Rutter, Thomas, 1326
Rye: JM on price of (1786), 428



S

Sabine River: Spanish forces cross, 1402, 1416; as dividing line
    between American and Spanish troops, 1455, 1456, 1457,
    1458; mentioned, 1327
Sackett's Harbor, 1712, 1747, 1751
St. Bernard Bay, 1282
St. Christopher, British West Indies, 1260
St. Clair, Arthur, 636, 710, 1224, 1230
St. Croix River, 1338
St. Eustatius, 169
St. Fond, Faujas de, 308
St. John, Mr. See Crevecoeur, Michel-Guillaume St. Jean de
St. Julien, Lewis, 1328
St. Lawrence River, 1735, 1881
St. Louis: transfer from Spanish to French to American
    authorities, 1291; mentioned, 1471, 1684
St. Lucia, 165
St. Martin, French West Indies, 166, 699 
St. Mary River, 1338 
St. Mary's, Ga., 1464 
St. Michael (U,S. dispatch ship), 1528, 1534,
    1536, 1544, 1547 
St. Petersburg, Russia, 1171, 1192, 1301,
    1311, 1536, 1710, 1712, 1905 
Saint-Priest, Emmanuel Guignard,
    comte de, 625 
St. Thomas, Danish West Indies, 1406, 1433 
St. Trise, Mr. See St. Trys, chevalier de 
St. Trys, chevalier de, 582, 637 
Salcedo, Nemesio de, 1493 
Salem, Mass., 1231, 1250,
    1251, 1268, 1300 
Salt tax (1798), 1042 
San Antonio, 1357, 1387, 1457 
Sandusky,1684 
Sanford, Nathan, 1301, 1432, 1434-35
Sanlucar, 1441, 1582 
Santa Fe, 1493 
Santander, 1377, 1441
Santiago, Cuba, 1221 
Santo Domingo: French campaign in
    1255; mission to, by Dr. Stevens, 1312-22; trade with, 1406,
    1433, 1520; and Bonaparte, 1585; mentioned, 829, 1311, 1335
Saratoga prisoners: quartered near Charlottesville, 63, 134;
    provisions for, 162; mentioned, 72, 113-14, 117, 120, 152, 198
Saunders, Captain (British army), 1488, 1489 
Saunders, Parson. See Saunderson, Nicholas 
Saunders, Robert, 1122 
Saunderson, Nicholas, 854, 868 
Savage, William, 1213, 1344 
Savannah, Ga., 507 
Saxe-Coburg, Friedrich Josias, duke of, 772, 779, 783 
Say, Jean Baptiste, 1908, 1909 
Sayre, Stephen, 1227 
Schaedler, Louis C., 4 
Scheele, Carl Wilhelm, 319 
Scheele, Peter, 1260-61
Scheid River, 339, 352, 365-66 
Schlegel, Johan Frederik Wilhelm, 1186 
Schoepf, Johann David, 49 Schultz, Harold S.:
    quoted, 519 
Schuyler, Philip, 671, 696, 728, 978, 1327
Schuylkill River, 767, 780 
"Scipio." See Tracy, Uriah 
Scott, Charles: captured at Charleston, 197; campaign against Indians
    in Kentucky, 699, 701, 703; mentioned, 80, 103, 117, 696 
Scott, Marion du Pont, 967 
Scott, Mr., 1233 
Scott, Robert, 1975 
Scott, Thomas, 851, 861 
Scott, Walter, 1921 
Scott, William, Baron Stowell: and Essex decision, 1350, 1360, 1361, 1390 
Sea kale, 1814, 1815, 1822 
Secession (scission): TJ on, 1119; JM attacks
    doctrine al; 1977, 1981, 1994-95; South Carolina doctrine of,
    1980; Andrew Jackson denounces, 1995; dual definition of,
    1996; mentioned, 1109, 1982 
Seckel, David, 830 
Secretary's Ford (Albemarle County), Va., 984 
Secret service, 1327
Sedgwick, Theodore: proposes enlargement of army, 8 and
    election of 1794, 859, 866; and denunciation of Democratic
    societies, 851, 861; and Jay's treaty, 889, 903; on Gallatin as
    Republican leader, 995; critical of TJ, 997, 1010; refuses to
    attend Washington ball, 998, 1024; views Republicans as
    faction, 999; opposes funding federal building in District of
    Columbia, 1033; on banishment, 1087; on retaliation bill, 1095;
    as Speaker of the House, 1117
Sedition Act: aimed at Republican newspapers, 1003;
    foreshadowed by Adams's replies to addresses, 1004; TJ's
    appraisal of, 1007, 1080, 1083; aimed at Bache, 1045; Lloyd's
    bill, 1064, 1065 TJ receives text of, 1068; amended by Logan
    Act, 1073-74; enforcement pattern in 1800, 1116; expiration
    of, 1172; mention, 1042, 1056-57, 1067 
Sedition bill: in England, 925, 926 
Seditious libel: TJ dismisses Backus
    case, 1497 
Selden, Miles, 363, 517 
"Self-created" societies, 861-64 
Selman, John, 1213, 1251 
Seminole war, 1808
Senate: debates in federal convention on, 497-98; endorses
    Washington's denunciation of Democratic societies, 861;
    opens door to public, 903; and alienation of affections of
    citizens from federal government, 970; debates defense
    measures against France, 980, 981-82, 983; Alien Friends
    Act in, 1003, 1042, 1044, 1045, 1047, 1049, 1051, 1052,
    1054, 1056, 1063; votes to publish envoys' dispatches, 1034;
    bill from, for capturing French cruisers, 1052; and suspension
    of intercourse with France, 1057, 1092; levies tax on lands,
    houses, and slaves, 1059; debates loan of armed ships
    during quasi war, 1059 passes neutralization bill, 1057,
    1059; agrees to adjourn in July 1798, 1061; debates treason
    and sedition bill, 1064, 1065; passes retaliation bill against
    France, 1093; passes army reorganization bill, 1095, 1096;
    and volunteer army bill, 1096; passes eventual army bill,
    1096; divided on peace mission to France, 1097; condemns
    Duane, It 15, 1116, 1133, 1190; requests 
    indictment of Duane, 1116; and Us of Parliamentary Practice,
    1139; TJ presides over, 1142; passes Judiciary Act of 1801,
    1143; and ratification of Convention of 1800, 1158; and Duane
    case, 1190; ratifies Louisiana Purchase Treaty, 1290, 1297; and
    New Jersey, 1378; mentioned, 1061, 1062, 1140, 1378
Separation of powers: in Constitution, 445, 491, 500; JM and TJ
    on, 442, 458, 471, 480 
Sequestration, 883 (British frigate), 165, 171 
Sergeant, Jonathan Dickinson, 168, 775
Sergeant, Winthrop, 1045 
Serurier, Louis, 1760 
Servetus, Michael, 1818 
Sevier, John, 1337 
Sewall, Samuel, 1026 
Sewell, Clement, 1465 
Shadwell, Va., 1184, 1438 
Shadwell Ford (Albemarle County), Va., 984 
Shaler, William, 1779, 1782
Sharp, James Roger: quoted, 878 
Sharpless, Jonathan, 920, 922, 929, 935 
Shawnee Indians, 78-79 
Shays's Rebellion: JM
    condemns, 436, 438-39, 473, 474; TJ on, 450-51, 461, 514;
    Virginia raises taxes for troops to suppress, 467; mentioned,
    441, 531 
Shee, Mr., 1533 
Sheffield, John Baker Holroyd, first
    earl of, 279, 679, 701 
Shelburne, William Petty, second earl of
    Henry Laurens on, 249-50 
Shelby, Evan, 78, 80 
Shelby, Isaac, 733, 1909, 1922 
Shepherd, David, 78, 111 
Sheridan, Eugene R., 317 
Sherman, Roger, 49, 477, 599, 796, 1875 
Shippen, Alice Lee (Mrs. William, Jr.), 249, 663 
Shippen, Thomas Lee, 567, 663, 766 
Shippen, William, Jr., 249, 663 
Shirley Plantation, 1911
Shore, John, 1242, 1244, 1251
Short, William: and JM, 201-2, 279, 322, 337, 364,
    371, 437-38, 487 TJ on qualifications of, 245
    296; urged by TJ to enter Virginia legislature, 270;
    favors strengthening Confederation, 278; on
    Virginia Executive Council, 279, 363; as TJ's
    secretary in France, 285, 316, 318, 343, 347, 349,
    353; buys land near Monticello, 284, 297, 336, 354;
    as candidate for Confederation Congress, 309;
    carries Isaac Zane's letter to TJ, 324; trip of, to
    London, 381; and Nootka Sound incident, 646;
    nominated minister to The Hague 718; appraises
    Girondist cabinet, 735-36; in Madrid, 779, 840,
    939- writes TJ, 1233; visits Monticello, 1240, 1248,
    1249; appointed minister to Russia, 1510, 1526
    1535, 1536, 1542, 1543 1576, 1577, 1578, 1594,
    1596, 1658; on political factions in Pennsylvania,
    1540; in Paris, 1594; mentioned, 248, 344, 482,
    484, 630, 1541, 1607
Shorter, Mr., 1578
Shrader, Mr., 1425
Siberia, 284, 308, 371
Sibley, John, 1473
Sicily, 1421
Sidi Suliman Mellimelli. See Mellimelli, Sidi Suliman
"Sidney" (writer in National Gazette), 729
"Sidney" (writer in Bache's Aurora), 1046
Sidney, Algernon, 1918, 1924
"Sidney, Algernon" (pseudonym: Spencer Roane),
Simms, Captain, 691, 694 
Simpson, James: as consul at 
    Morocco, 1213 1231, 1234, 1235, 1240, 1242; and presents for
    Morocco, 1266, 1267, 1280, 1281; as consul at Algiers, 1303;
    and ransoming, 1436; mentioned, 1277, 1485 
Simson, James. See Simpson, James 
Sitgreaves, Samuel, 889, 903, 949, 1052,
    1053, 1211, 1214 
Six Nations: and western land titles, 215
Sketches on Rotations of Crops (John Beale Bordley), 871, 876
Sketch of the Finances of the United States, A (Albert Gallatin),
    922 
Skinner, Thomson G., 1326 
Skinner, Thomson Joseph, 1052 
Skinner, Richard, 1250 
Skipwith, Fulwar: in London, 418,
    432; letter of, to TJ confiscated, 1010 as agent at Paris for prize
    cases, 1213, 109-1V; as consul in France, 1314, 1660;
    Livingston quarrels with, 1334, 1338 and Barney's claims, 1345;
    and Milan Decree, 1515; mentioned, 542, 1337, 1769 
Slacum, George, 1465 
Slaughter, Ensign, 97 
Slaughter, George, 104
Slaughter, John, 97 
Slavery: and slave trade, 17; in Northwest
    Territory, 277; and Land Ordinance of 1784, 309; and slave tax
    in Virginia, 324; Lafayette's views on, 348; petitions against, in
    Virginia, 405; and emigrants, 869; and nullification, 1998 
Slavery and Jeffersonian Virginia (Robert McColley),
Slaves: use of, in wartime manufactories, 65, 119; Lafayette
    favors manumission of, 328; importation of, 503; carried off
    after Revolution, 711, 722, 883; smuggling of, 1241 
Slave tax, 315 
Slave trade: prohibited after 1808, 23, 24, 1882;
    mentioned, 17, 388 
Smallpox: in Richmond, 831, 838, 839,
    840, 1187 
Smallwood, Samuel N., 1465 
Smallwood, William, 159 
Smelser, Marshall: quoted, 1564, 1680 
Smith, Adam, 368
Smith, Alexander, 1465
Smith, Charles Page: quoted, 141
Smith, Colonel, 1739
Smith, Granville, 199
Smith, Israel, 1240
Smith, James Morton: quoted, 1153
Smith, John (Frederick County, Va.,), 76, 77
Smith, John (Virginia congressman), 768
Smith, John (clerk in War Department), 1578
Smith, John Blair, 421, 468, 479, 687, 688
Smith, Joseph: and Benedict Arnold, 147
Smith, Joseph Allen, 1193
Smith, Logan Pearsall, 3
Smith, Margaret Bayard (Mrs. Samuel Harrison): on
    TJ's inauguration, 1166; on TJ with grandchildren,
    1412; on friendship between TJ and JM, 1562; on
    JM's story-telling ability, 1975
Smith, Meriwether, 180, 189, 192, 193, 197; on
    Virginia congressional delegation (1781), 201; to
    Annapolis Convention, 404-5; opposes
    ratification, 534; mentioned, 363
Smith, Mr. (son of Meriwether Smith), 637
Smith, Robert: heads Navy Department, 1174, 1264;
    and death of son, 1199; TJ consults, 1203, 1376,
    1379-80; and naval force in Mediterranean, 1210,
    1239, 1268 1423 and Barbary powers, 1239-40,
    1423; and the John Adams, 1249 and supplies to
    Algiers, 1263; and shipments to Morocco 1266,
    1280, 1281 praises naval officers, 1302-3; and
    case of Philadelphia, 1325; and Preble, 1368; and
    Miranda case, 1407, 1425 and Mellimelli, 1421;
    and bashaw of Tripoli, 1423; and Cumberland
    Road, 1427; and navy agents, 1436; and flags of
    truce to interdicted vessels, 1483, 1497; and
    gunboats stationed near Floridas, 1508, 1533 and
    letter from Boston tories, 1531; and Meade, 1583;
    and "Copenhagen" Jackson, 1601; and batture
    case, 1640 1642 JM appoints, as secretary of
    state, 1566; and Erskine Agreement, 1581, 1585;
    JM dismisses, 1652, 1662, 1663, 1664; writes
    pamphlet attacking JM 1655; and Duane 1668,
    1669; and W. C. Nicholas, 1716, 1717; and
    embargo, 1896 mentioned, 1225, 1231, 1245,
    1281, 422, 1650
Smith, Samuel: TJ offers Navy Department to, 1140,
    1160, 1167, 1174, 1175; asks TJ about Federalist
    accusations, 1065; and Moreau incident, 1383; and
    British violations, 1424 on Monroe-Pinkney
    Treaty, 1447, 1466, 1468, 1471, 1473; and East
    India commerce, 1495-96; brother of Robert
    Smith, 1566 critical of Gallatin, 1650; and
    recharter of Bank of the United States, 1651;
    opposes Macon's Bill No. 1, 1652; and W. C.
    Nicholas, 1716 mentioned, 741, 917, 1052, 1195,
    1197, 1339, 1519, 1825
Smith, Samuel Harrison; prints TJ's preface to Paine's
    Rights, 687, 688; as editor of National Intelligencer, 1155;
    prints TJ's inaugural address, 1166; at President's
    House, 1412; publishes Bonaparte's militia system, 1475;
    publishes Canning's promise, 1500, 1501 and TJ's books
    for Library of Congress, 1732, 1743, 1763, 1765, 1766;
    visits Montpellier, 1975; mentioned 982, 1276, 1465
Smith, Samuel Stanhope, 684
Smith, William: TJ requests map from, 145-46;
    mentioned, 128, 180, 212
Smith, William, Jr.; and history of New York, 288, 290,
    292
Smith, William, Jr. (of Canada), 685
Smith, William, Sr. (of Canada), 685
Smith, William Loughton: on "Mr. Madison's party; ' 744;
    Hamilton writes speech for, 824, 839; burned in effigy,
    838; favors embargo of 1794, 843; reelected in 179, 860;
    supports Jay's treaty, 901; and answer to Washington's
    final address, 949; on
    transfer of power from Washington to Adams,
    966; on arming merchant vessels, 980; appointed minister to
    Constantinople, 1095; mentioned, 736, 737, 766, 806, 828,
    831, 979 
Smith, William Stephens: TJ and, 439, 464-65, 1408;
    returns from London, 692; sends JM pamphlet on Genessee
    Country, 683, 694, 696; and Miranda expedition, 1407-8, 1423,
    1425, 1429, 1432-33, 1437; mentioned, 691, 766 
Smith and Buchanan, 1519, 1520 
Smithsonian magazine, 14 
Smuggling, 608 
Smyrna, 1447 
Smyth, Alexander, 1709, 1717 
Society of Agriculture of Paris, 1624 
Society of the Cincinnati, 853, 867
Soderstrom, Richard, 1191, 1522, 1545, 1546 
Sofaer, Abraham D.: quoted, 1397 
Solicitations for office: TJ on, 546 
"Somers," 1864 
Songster's, Va., 1226 
Sophia (American brig), 1055, 1057 
Sorel, 1735 
Southall, Turner, 687 
South America, 692, 693, 1844 
South Carolina: and revenue system of 1783, 239;
    paper money in, 429; and slave trade, 503; ratifies
    Constitution, 505, 531, 542; in election of 1800, 1139, 1140,
    1154, 1155; federal lawsuits in, 1218; and internal
    improvements, 1957, 1959, 1961, 1962; and nullification
    theory, 1979, 1982; adopts nullification ordinance, 1993;
    repeals nullification ordinance, 1997 
South Carolina College, 1818, 1822 
South Carolina Exposition (by John C. Calhoun):
    1980, 1981; JM denounces, 1980, 1981, 1995 Southside, Va.,
    535 
Souve, Mr., 1343 
Soverign states: and Articles of
    Confederation, 446 Sovereignty: JM on divisibility of, 1980,
    1982, 1983; Calhoun on indivisibility of, 1980: JM on dual
    meanings of, 2000 
Spafford. Mr. (of Albany), 1770, 1780, 1781
Spaight, Richard Dobbs, 310, 478 
Spain: and American Revolution, 62, 131; and navigation of Mississippi, 153; JM
    on need for treaty with, 328; and Jay-Guardoqui negotiations,
    431; and Nootka Sound incident, 645, 657-59; and
    Proclamation of Neutrality, 787; TJ expects war with (1793),
    788; Pinckney's treaty with, 924-25, 977; declares war on
    Great Britain, 956, 958; U.S. relations with, at Natchez, 1016,
    1019; evacuates posts, 1022; cedes Louisiana to France,
    1208, 1254, 1541; suspends right of deposit, 1254; spoliations
    committed by, 1221, 1260, 1374, 1396; detains American
    vessels in Buenos Aires, 1236; protests sale of Louisiana,
    1285, 1286; relinquishes opposition to transfer of Louisiana,
    1323, 1349; and the Floridas, 1291, 1305, 1358-59, 1373-74;
    demands revocation of Mobile Act, 1342, 1346, 1354-55;
    suspends Convention of 1802, 1345, 1349; defaults on
    subsidy to France, 1359; TJ proposes new negotiations, 1378-
    79, 1394-95, 1396; sends troops to Nacogdoches, 1387; and
    reciprocal extradition of fugitives, 1433-34; TJ on probability
    of war with, 1452, 1458, 1494; revolt in, 1508; and uprising
    against Joseph Bonaparte, 1531; Bonaparte's campaign in,
    1595; cedes East Florida to United States, 1806; monarchy
    restored in, 1844, 1879 
Spanish East Indies, 1447 
Spanish treaty. See Pinckney's treaty 
Speculation, spirit of, JM on, 709
Spinning wheel, 1593
Spirit of '76 (Richmond newspaper), 1580 
Spoliation claims: against Great Britain, 883; against France, 1256, 1309-10;
    against Spain, 1354-55, 1356, 1357, 1359, 1417, 1494 
Spence, Dr., 554, 555, 583 
Spence, Mrs., 554
Sprigg, Richard, Jr., 1030
Sprigg, Sophia (Mrs. John Francis Mercer), 294 
Sprigg resolutions, 1030, 1033, 1036, 1037 
Springfield, Mass., 196
Squatters Act of 1807, 1619 
Squirrel (British vessel of war), 1177 
Stack, Gerald, 1798, 1812-13 
Stadtholder, 460 
Stagg, J. C. A : quoted, 878, 1658 
Stamp Act: of 1794, 845; of 1798, 1024-
    25, 1027 
Stamp, Kenneth M.: quoted, 2001-2 
Standing armies,
    451, 545, 566, 598, 873 
Stanislaw II (king of Poland), 699
Staphorst, house of (Jacob and Nicholas van): and Dohrman,
    676; and Mazzei, 858; mentioned, 928, 931, 935, Staphorst,
    Jacob van: plan for funding foreign debt, 576-78; mentioned,
    526, 538 
Staphorst, Nicholas van, 937 
Stark, Bolling, 457 
Stark, Theodore, 1192, 1193 
"Star-Spangled Banner, The" (son ), 1734
State: TJ and JM's use of term, 1072 
State interposition: Calhoun's name for nullification, 1980; 
    South Carolina version of, 1982 1985, 1988 
State soverignty, 447; TJ and JM's use of
    term, 1072; JM on meaning of, 1981 
States' rights: TJ's use of,
    1069-70, 1821, 1848-51, 1954, 1965; Roane's views of, 1850
Staunton, Va. : magazine at, 112-13; contender for site of state
    university, 1785, 1793, 1805; and the Rotunda, 1839, 1840;
    mentioned, 177, 178, 213, 816, 1907, 1938, 1943 
Stebbins, Edward, 1215 
Steele, General, 1533 
Steele, John, 1045 
Steele, Mr., 1156, 1244 
Stephen, Adam, 534 
Stephen, James, 1451, 1471 
Stephen, John,1263 
Stephens, Edward, 605 
Stephenson, Mr., 1827 
Sterett, Andrew, 128 
Steuben, Friedrich Wilhelm Ludolf Gerhard 
    Augustin, Baron von, 159, 160, 169, 186, 190,
    198, 1050 
Stevens, Edward, 1097, 1307, 1311-22 
Stevenson, Andrew, 1987-88 
Stewart. See also Stuart 
Stewart, Dr. See Stuart, David 
Stewart, Dugald, 1778, 1788, 1789, 1884, 1909
Stewart, Mr., 1695 
Stewart, Mr.: and postmaster general, 132
Stewart, Walter, 157, 766 
Stirling, Lord. See Alexander,
    William, Lord 
Stirling Stock Exchange, 737 
Stockton, Richard, 1053, 1095 
Stoddard, Amos, 1291 
Stodder, David, 166, 179, 180
Stoddert, Benjamian, 1045, 1169, 1174 
Stokes, Anson Phelps: quoted, 336 
Stone, Thomas, 281, 310, 478, 509 
Stonington, Conn., 1464 
Stopfield, Captain, 1488 
Story, Joseph: JM appoints, to Supreme Court, 1621; on sense of nationhood,
    1760; mentioned, 1251, 1330, 1647, 1648 
Strawberries, 391 
Strode, John, 737 
Strode, Mr., 1726
Strong, Caleb, 469, 477, 579, 1310 
Strother, French, 785 
Stuart, Archibald: favors ratification, 507, 534; on James River canal;
    516; on Franco-American . relations, 816; mentioned, 245
    1161, 1805, 1938 
Stuart, David, 530, 534, 563, 603, 737, 764, 896-97 
Stuart, Gilbert, 648, 1792 
Stuart, John, 1122 
Sugar maple tree, 412, 421, 469, 508, 511, 555, 694 
Sulla (from Malta), 529, 542 
Sullivan, James, 1310, 1522, 1531-32, 1535 
Sullivan, John, 71, 139 
Sullivan, Mr., 1437 
Summary View of the Rights of British 
    America, A (TJ), 17, 41-42, 50 
Sumptuary law, 366, 416 
Sumter, General Thomas, 1091 
Sumter, Thomas, Jr., 1213, 1233, 1238,
    1246, 1274, 1338 
Supreme Court: TJ rejects supremacy of, 32-
    33; JM defends supremacy of, 33-35; refuses to rule on
    political questions, 799, 804 
Surinam, 1375 
Surrender of General Burgoyne at Saratoga, The (painting), 1774 
Surrender of Lord Cornwallis at Yorktown, The (painting), 1774 
Susquehanna River, 217, 429 
Suter, Mr., 1543 
Swan, James, 899, 1337, 1339
Swansboro, N.C., 1300 
Swanwick, John, 834, 860, 1052
Swartout, John, 1408, 1423 
Sweden: U.S. treaty with, 234, 262,
    263, 883; cooperates with United States in Mediterranean,
    1234, 1239; mentioned, 1210, 1710 Swift, Dean, 1225 
Symmes land claims, 1233, 1251 
Symmonds, Commodore Thomas, 159-60 
Syren (U.S. sloop), 1587 
Syrett, Harold: quoted, 714



T

Talavera, Spain, 1604 
Talleyrand-Perigord, Charles-Maurice
    de; and XYZ affair, 1000-1, 1009, 1014, 1034, 1036-37;
    dismisses Pinkney and Marshall but not Gerry, 1060, 1061;
    promises reception of American minister (1798-99), 1097, 1098-
    99; letter to second peace mission, 1133; calls Louisiana a
    bargain, 1291; and Laussat, 1308; and Armstrong, 1338; and
    Bonaparte as emperor, 1344; and proposed sale of Florida,
    1359, 1405; and western boundary of Louisiana, 1368, 1370;
    and Miranda episode, 1428 
Tangier, 234 
Tappahannock, Va., 280 322 
Target, Guy-Jean-Baptiste, 616, 617, 618 
"Tariff of Abominations," 1979 
Tariffs: JM signs protective, 1772;
    Virginia denies constitutionality of protective, 1968; of 1832,
    1992; and Clay compromise bill of 1833, 1997; mentioned, 1923,
    1954 
Tarleton, Banastre, 177 
Tatham, William, 1560, 1720, 1724
Tattnall, Josiah, 978, 1093 
Taw, Abraham, 1465 
Taxation: TJ on, 353; and postponement of Virginia Confederation
    requisition, 359, 394, 397, 405-6, 415, 416; JM on, 368-69; and
    Virginia's empty treasury, 456; Virginia levies, 467; under
    Constitution, 491; and Ways and Means Committee, 838 
Tayloe, Benjamin, 1738, 1740 
Tayloe, Col., 1897 
Tayloe, E., 1897
Taylor, Francis, 97, 103, 114, 117 
Taylor; G., 1433 
Taylor, Hubbard, 729, 739 
Taylor, John: opposes John Marshall's
    rulings, 34; opposes ratification of Constitution, 507; and
    "United States of the Bank," 716; elected Virginia senator, 743;
    writes pamphlet against Bank of the United States, 759, 800,
    821, 844; writes JM, 760; writes pamphlet on parties, 844;
    appointed Virginia commissioner on Potomac boundary, 961;
    introduces Virginia resolutions, 1071; TJ supports views of,
    1869; mentioned, 245, 1527, 1851, 1954 
Taylor, Lieutenant John, 97 
Taylor, Keith, 1161 
Taylor, Mr. (Board of Visitors), 1839 
Taylor, Mr. (friend of George Wythe), 909 
Taylor, Robert, 1824 
Tazewell, Henry: on peace negotiations, 62; and
    Jay's treaty, 887, 888; TJ writes, about reception as vice
    president, 959, 962; illness of, 1019; on jury trials m
    impeachments, 1023, 1025 opposes extension of foreign
    ministries, 1028; and Sedition Act, 1065, 1068; death of, 1135;
    mentioned, 245, 323, 958, 978, 1053 Tazewell, Littleton Waller,
    1640, 1805, 1912 
Tecumseh, 1676, 1712 
Telescope, 332, 465
Telfair, Edward, 860 
Temple, George Nugent-Temple-Grenville, second earl of, 306 
Temple, Sir William, 1360
Tennessee, 1218, 1287, 1331, 1352 
Tennis Court Oath, 601
Tenth Amendment, 1080, 1866 
Tenure of Office Act, 1825-26
Ternant, Jean Baptiste de, 766, 772, 775 
Terrill, Dabney, 1909, 1963, 1964, 1967 
Terror, the: in French Revolution, 1066 
Texas, 1292, 1357, 1358-59, 1416 
Texel, the, 169-70 
Textbooks, 1917-19, 1923-26 
Thacher, James, 91 
Thames (British frigate), 160
Theological Catalogue for the Library of the University of Virginia, A
    (JM), 1899-1901
Theological schools, 1842 
Thierry, J. B. S., 1643 
Third Estate: becomes National Assembly, 601, 610, 624-25 
Thom, Christopher S., 1213 
Thomas, Daniel, 1183 
Thomas, Jesse Burgess, 1368-69, 1581 
Thomas, John, 741 
Thomas, Joseph, 1183 
Thomas, Simeon, 1262 
Thomas, William (of British navy), 186 
Thomas Jefferson Building: at Library of
    Congress, 15 
Thompson, Claud, 1300 
Thompson, John, 1366
Thompson, John (father), 1177 
Thompson, John (son), 1177
Thompson, John (the Hatter), 1876 
Thompson, Jonah, 1465
Thompson, Melissa Jane Smith, 1361 
Thomson, Charles, 166,
    220, 300, 330, 335, 492, 581, 1284 
Thorn, Mr., 1858 
Thornton, Anna Maria Brodeau (Mrs. William), 968, 1246, 1440, 1792
Thornton, Edward (British charge): and the Windsor,
    1185, 1186, 1188, 1244; and Jay's treaty, 1192; on significance of
    Louisiana Purchase, 1256; on impressments, 1276, 1280, 1281,
    1283; mentioned, 1030, 1204 
Thornton, John,857
Thornton, William: visits Montpellier and
    Monticello, 1249; and complaint against Latrobe,
    1436; designs one-story wings for Montpellier,
    1570; and merino sheep 1621; TJ building, dogs to,
    1640, 1641; saves Patent Office building, 1733;
    mentioned, 1174, 1197, 1246, 1425, 1435, 1440,
    1465
Thou, Jacques August de, 352, 367
Thouin, Andre 1971
Three-fifths clause, 231
Threilkidd, John, 1465
Threshing machine: TJ's model of, 776, 782, 814,
    820; JM on model of, 778; mentioned, 1642
Thruston, Charles Mynn, 245, 402, 404-5
Thumb, Tom, 868
Thweatt, Archibald, 1636
Tichenor, Isaac, 1013
Ticknor, George: declines appointment at Virginia,
    1884; recommends Blaettermann, 1885; on
    architecture of university, 1915; mentioned, 1813,
    1831, 1832-33, 1859, 1903
Ticonderoga: battle at, 670
Tilghman, Edward, 921
Tilly, Arnaud de Gardeur de, 181, 182, 195
Tilton, Daniel, 1040, 1045
Tilton, Dr., 1722
Titles: debate over, for president, 592, 608-9, 612,
    626, 629
"Titus Manlius" (pseudonym: Alexander Hamilton),
    1045
Tiverton, R.I., 1300
Tobacco: price of, in 1784, 338; TJ on international
    trade in, 366; price of, in 1785, 371, 375; accepted
    in payment of taxes, 397, 429, 456; in France, 400,
    457-58, 690-91, 693; price of, in 1786, 408, 416,
    420, 424, 457; Virginia tax on, 439, 467; price of, in
    1788, 535, 553; smuggled into Canada, 670; price
    of, in 1791, 699; price of, in 1794, 831; price of, in
    1796, 932; TJ enemy of, 955; price of, in 1797, 979;
    Price of, in 1798, 1012, 1016, 1025, 1050 price of,
    in 1799, 1089, 1092; price of, in 1800, 1123, 1128;
    low prices force burning of, 1241; caterpillar
    attacks, 1425; crop in Maryland, 1430; crop in
    1806, 1438; crop in 1809, 1576, 1592; crop in 1812,
    1695; crop in 1814, 1739, 1741; crop in 1817, 1781;
    mentioned, 484, 1027. See also Farmers General
Todd, Dolley Payne: marries "the great little
    Madison," 847. See also Madison, Dolley Payne
    Todd
Todd, John, 106
Todd, John Payne (Dolley's son), 967
Todd, Thomas, 1823, 1861
Tom (slave), 161
Tombigbee River, 1416
Tompkins, Daniel D., 1369, 1702
Tomson, Mr., 1341
Tom Thumb. See Thumb, Tom
Tonnage tax: Virginia imposes, on British vessels,
    394, 407
Tories: JM uses, as label for Federalists, 890
Toronto. See York (Toronto), Canada
Torrey, John, 1908, 1909
Toulman, Mr. See Toulmin, Harry
Toulmin, Harry, 1277, 1278, 1336, 1337, 1347, 1440
Toulon, 829, 835, 842
Tousard, Lewis, 1187
Toussaint l'Ouverture, Francois-Dominique: leads
    slave revolt in Santo Domingo, 1208; and Stevens's
    case, 1311, 1312-22; succeeded by Dessalines,
    1348; mentioned, 1091, 1093, 1096, 1183, 1190
"Toussaint's clause," 1092, 1095
Tower of London: Laurens incarcerated in, 208
Townsend, Secretary Thomas, first Viscount Sydney,
    227
Townships: and education, 1776
Tracy, Destutt de, 1690-91, 1909
Tracy, Uriah, 976, 1013, 1019, 1024, 1031, 1053,
    1061, 1115
Transcontinental Treaty: and cession of East Florida,
    1806
Treadwell, John, 1049
Treason: TJ on Bank of the United States and, 716, 740-41;
    Whiskey rebels charged with, 851; Lloyd introduces
    peacetime bill on, 1064; Porcupine's Gazette accuses TJ of,
    1065; Burr indicted for, 1444; Andrew Jackson on, 1995
Treasury Board (Confederation); insolvency of, 516; and
    payment to French ofcers, 538
Treasury Department: provisions establishing, 622; fire in,
    1162
Treaty of Amiens, 1207
Treaty of Campo Formio, 1013-14, 1359
Treaty of Fort Stanwix, 215
Treaty of Lancaster, 215
Treaty of Logstown 215
Treaty of Paris (1783): arrives in Philadelphia, 272; recognizes
    American independence, 274-75; definitive version of,
    reaches Congress, 288; ratification of, 293; and British debts,
    398-99; and removal of Negroes by British, 459;
    enforcement of provisions of, 471; obstructions to fulfillment
    of, 516; unresolved issues of, 711, 712; infractions of, 722-25;
    mentioned, 209
Treaty of Tilsit, 1452
Treaty of Westminster (1674), 215
Trees: 511, 529
Tremble, James, 1366
Trenton, N.J., 233, 268, 311, 552
Trescott, Samuel, 1418, 1464
Trial by jury: in Bill of Rights, 451, 597, 598
Trinidad, 1361
Trinity River, 1416
Trois Riviires, 1685, 1707
Tripoli: pasha of, declares war on United States, 1170, 1209-10,
    1228, 1259  bashaw of, 1193; American campaign against,
    1234, 1265, 1284, 1295; and Philadelphia case, 1295, 1308,
    1325; and Grand Seignor, 1311; negotiations of peace with,
    1315; TJ on "barbarians" of and peace with, 1350; treaty
    with, 1419; ruling family in, 1431-32; mentioned, 1170, 1213
Trist, Elizabeth House (Mrs. Nicholas): and Schooling for
    TJ's daughter, 264, 267; plans reunion with husband, 288;
    leaves Philadelphia, 290, 344; JM's concern about, 291; at
    Fort Pitt, 311; death of husband of, 320, 349; corresponds
    with TJ, 321, 433; returns home after husband's death, 389;
    mentioned, 244, 251, 325, 780, 1348, 1578, 1580
Trist, Hore Browse, 344, 780, 1128, 1131, 1148,
    1151, 1300, 1348
Trist, Mary Brown (Mrs. Hore), 1153
Trist, Nicholas, 349
Trist, Nicholas P.: quoted, 470; mentioned, 1973,
    1990, 1992, 1994
Trott, Perient, 152, 158, 162
Troup, Robert, 670, 1042
Troyes, France, 453, 490
Trudeau, Mr., 1521
Trumbull, John: JM subscribes to prints by, 1127, 1135; paints
    pictures for Rotunda of Capitol, 1774; TJ recalls, in Paris, 1774;
    and engravings of his historical paintings, 1774; paints Declaration
    of Independence for Capitol, 1878
Trumbull, Jonathan, 849-50, 1213
Trumbull & Co., 149
Truxton, Thomas, 1128, 1131, 1149, 1393
Tucker, George: on JM's sense of humor, 8-9; JM recommends,
    1910; TJ on, 1910- 11; as professor at Virginia, 1929; writes
    biography of TJ, 2001;
    mentioned, 1912, 1921, 1922, 1923, 1928, 1935, 1975 
Tucker, Henry St. George: declines appointment at Virginia, 1929;
    mentioned, 1916, 196, 1927-28, 1928-29, 1930, 1939 
Tucker, St. George: on powers of Virginia Executive Council, 59; as
    delegate to Annapolis Convention, 404-5; opposes ratification,
    507; appointed judge, 532; writes as Jonathan Pindar, 792;
    drafts bill for reforming Virginia jury system, 1126; mentioned,
    82-83
Tucker, Thomas Tudor, 660, 860, 1169, 1197 
Tudor, Delia Jarvis (Mrs. William), 1187 
Tudor, William, 1181 
Tudor, William, Jr., 1187 , 
Tuft, Mr., 1533 
Tull, Jethro, 782, 786 
Tunis: treaty with, 1170, 1193 bay of, 1192, 1195 sends Mellimelli to
    United States, 1411 ; state of affairs with, 1419; mentioned,
    1213, 1236, 1301, 1459 
Turberville, George Lee, 554, 555
Turgot, Anne-Robert-Jacques, 1603, 1604 
Turkey, 290, 514
Turner, Edward, 1266, 1301 
Turner, Edward D., 1347 
Turner, Joseph, 1300 
Turreau, Louis Marie: appointed minister to
    United States, 1344; protests actions of U.S. armed
    merchantmen, 1363-64; and General Ferrand's decree, 1369-
    70, 1371; letter from, 1319, 1381, 1446; and Moreau's visit,
    1381, 1383; on Louisiana claims, 1387; and American consul at
    Martinique, 1393; and trade with Santo Domingo, 1433;
    complaints of, must be supported by affidavits, 1436; JM rejects
    request for loan, 1439, 1440, 1441; on violations of jurisdiction
    and indemnification, 1469; asks for advance against account on
    Beaujoin, 1472, 1474; requests transportation for French
    stranded by embargo, 1519, 1520, 1533, 1535-36, 1537;
    complains of enlistment of French deserters, 1523, 1524; TJ and
    JM on lack of writing skills of, 1542; JM complains about
    complaints of, 1543, 1545; on TJ's ambitions for Cuba, 1568,
    1587; on Erskine Agreement and repeal of French edicts, 1587;
    mentioned, 1434, 1546, 1609 
Tuscany, 217 
Tutwiler, Henry, 1920 
Twelfth Amendment, 1340, 1352 
Twenty-seventh Amendment, 599 
Two Million Dollar Act, 1405, 1408 
Tyler, Comfort, 1471 
Tyler, John: as Speaker of Virginia House, 278,
    369-70; and law of nations, 360; loses to Harrison for Speaker,
    401; appointed to Virginia Court of Admiralty, 408, opposes
    ratification, 534; TJ recommends, for Supreme Court, 1620; TJ's
    appraisal of, 1631-32; JM appoints, as federal district judge,
    1632; applies for federal office, 1632-33; mentioned, 245,
    1631, 1632-33 
Tyng, Dudley A., 1230 . 
Typhus fever, 1827, 1828, 1829



U

Ubbo. See Emmius, 
Ubbo Umbrella cane, 487 
Underwood, Reuben, 364, 369 
Unemployed, 334 
Union (U.S. ship), 1547
Union: JM views, as perpetual, 36, 1986, 2001-2 
United Netherlands: and stadtholder, 498 
United States (U.S. warship):
    takes Macedonian, 1685 
United States: suspends payment on
    debt to France, 747; resumes payment of debt to France, 748;
    and French seizure of neutral ships, 1027-28, 1028-29; envoys
    from, refused official recognition as American negotiators,
    1015, 1025, 1029; defense measures of, in 1798, 1019-20,
    1028, 1031; Capitol of, burned by British, 1731, 1773
University of Geneva, 874
University of Virginia: and Rockfish Gap commission, 1794-95;
    wins legislative approval, 1795; first meeting of Board of
    Visitors, 1796; appoints Cooper as first professor, 1796;
    annual reports of, 1798-99, 1813, 1819 1836 fund raising
    for, 1800, 1817, 1819, 1833; and Panic of 1819, 1806, 1817
    plan of, for buildings and gardens, 1811-12, 1820, 1842,
    1855; and Rotunda, 1819; TJ on finances of, 1822, 1834-35,
    1892 pavilions and dormitories of, completed (1822), 1842;
    library of, 1887-88, 1898-1901,., 1902, 1922; professors
    arrive at, 1915; classes begin at, 1915, 1916; law
    professorship at, 1916; student riots at, 1920, 1942 George
    Tucker appointed at, 1929; budgets for 1825, 1826, and
    1827, 1936-37; funding cut off, 1953, 1958, 1965, 1967; TJ
    transfers care of, to JM, 1959, 1974; JM on, and liberty,
    1960; Wirt appointed at, 1968; TJ dissents on appointing
    president of, 1969; Lomax appointed professor of law at,
    1969; JM on TJ's devotion to, 1975
Upper Canada, 1490
Urqhart, Thomas, 1336, 1337
Utrum Horum? (Irish pamphlet), 982



V

Vail, Mr., 1246, 1337
Valmy, France, 779
Van Berckel, Pieter Johan: Dutch minister to United
    States, 251, 472-73
Van Buren, Martin, 1947, 1957, 1961
Van Cortlandt, Philip, 1012, 1041
Vancouver Island, 645
Vandalia Company, 151, 215
Vanderburgh, Henry, 1523
Van der Kemp, Francis Adrian, 533
Vaneuxeur, Professor, 1904
Van Ness, William Peter, 1950
Van Rensselaer, Stephen, 873, 1684, 1685, 1707
Varina: plantation of Thomas Mann and Martha
    Jefferson Randolph, 872
Varnum, James Mitchell, 164, 194, 873
Varnum, Joseph Bradley, 1670
Van Staphorsts. See Staphorst, house of
Vattel, Emmerich von, 360, 749, 770, 772-73
Vaudreuil, Louis-Philippe de Rigaud, marquis de,
    224, 625
Vaughan, John, 477, 479
Vauguyon, M. See La Vauguyon, Paul Frangois de
    Quelon de Stuer de Caussade, duc de
Venable, Abraham B., 742, 830, 950, 976, 1530
Vengeance, La (French frigate), 1128
Venice: ducal palace of, 1775
Vergennes, Charles Gravier, comte de: Lafayette writes to,
    on navigation of Mississippi, 343, 344, 345, 346; TJ's
    appraisal of, 436, 463-64; death of, 451, 482
Vermond, Matthieu Jacques, abbe de, 625
Vermont: and negotiations with New York for statehood,
    311, 473, 614; TJ and JM visit, 670,
    687; and election of 1796, 958-59; federal lawsuits
    in, 1217; in election of 1812, 1685
Vermont, Abbe. See Vermond, Matthieu Jacques,
    abbe de
Vernon, John,1464
Versailles, France, 602, 625
Vetch, 871, 875
Vettenhort, Mr., 1425
"Vices of the Political System of the United States"
    (JM), 441, 448
Vidua, Count Carlo, 1 l
Vildeiul, M. See Villedeiul, Pierre-Charles-Laurent de
Villandry, Mr., 1332
Villebrune, Jacques Aime Le Serge, chavalier de la,
    217, 218-19, 223-24
Villedeuil, Pierre-Charles-Laurent de, 544, 625
Villeneuve, Admiral Pierre-Charles-
    Jean-Baptiste-Silvestre de, 1413-14
Vincennes, 63, 78, 80, 1348
Vincennes River, 1426
Vining, John, 736
Virginia: and Constitution of 1776, 18, 29, 51, 1991; and
    proposed revision of state Constitution, 18, 235, 24 ,,
    353-54, 420; House of Burgesses of, opposes closing
    Boston port, 40-41; convention of 1775 in, 43; and
    convention of 1776 and resolution for independence,
    48, 49, 1877; House of Delegates of, praises TJ's service
    in Congress, 53; committee on religion of, 55; state
    financial system of, 64, 88, 324; Board of War of, 65-66,
    67, 73, 97-98, 108, 111, 114-15; state navy of, 66, 80, 85-86,
    88-89, 103, 119; Board of Trade of, 104; assembly
    requests Continental troops, 140; abandons
    Continental currency as legal tender, 195; western land
    claims of, 202-3, 204, 210, 214-15, 247-48, 264, 294; and
    revenue system of 1783, 238; postwar economic conditions in 279,
    280, and navigation of Potomac, 356-57;  Maison carree as model for
    Capitol of, 381, 413, 420; and paper money; 430: Jefferson-Fry map of,
    492; ratifies Constitution, 504-5,
    507, 508, 509, 521, 532, 541-42, 553; and bill on crimes
    and punishments, 506; and amendments of 1795, 887,
    888, 917, 1016; TJ's collection of laws of, 908-15;
    legislature adopts resolution condemning Cabell's
    presentment, 975, 986-90; TJ fears efforts to coerce,
    1091; election of 1800 in, 1111-12, 1125, 1126, 1130,
    1134, 1139, 1153; legislature votes pay increase, 1126;
    federal lawsuits in, 1218; Gabriel's Rebellion in, 1204;
    election results in (1809), 1585; legislature opposes
    protective tariffs, 1976 legislature o poses South
    Carolina's nullification doctrine, 1
Virginia and Farmers Bank, 1830
Virginia Creed, 1917, 1927
Virginia Declaration of Rights: and George Mason, 18,
    50; JM and, 50, 522; and freedom of religion, 50; cited
    by JM in "A Memorial and Remonstrance," 376, 377,
    378, 379; serves as model for French Declaration of
    the Rights of Man, 528, 603; serves as model for
    federal Bill of Rights, 597; mentioned, 448
Virginia Document of 1799. See "Report on the
    [Virginia] Resolutions"
Virginia Executive Council: JM elected to, 57;
    constitutional authority of, 59; requests Spanish aid, 61;
    critical of Congress, 62, 70-71; and British prisoners of
    war, 63-64, 78-79, 84, 113-14; and state finances, 64-65,
    71, 88; and r quest for firearms, 65-66, 73; and state
    navy, 661 85-86, 88-89; and military recruitment, 67, 78,
    79, 81, 103, 104, 105, 11742-43; and relocation of state
    capital, 66-67; and range of issues dealt with, 61-62, 68
    proclaims embargo, 68, 118-19, 179; and Henry
    Hamilton's case, 72, 74-76, 89-90, 91-95; advises TJ to
    act without council's consent, if no quorum, 68, 112;
    and Conrad Alexandre Gerard, 69; and Benjamin
    Harrison, 73, 98, 103; and Continental Board of War, 76-
    77; and Charles Scott, 80; authorizes trade with
    Bermuda, 82-83; and flags of truce, 83; and public
    buildings in Richmond, 84; and alien enemies, 86-87,
    403; appoints Peter Penet as commercial agent, 88; and
    frontier defense, 95; and state Board
    of War, 97-98, 108, 111, 112-13, 114-15, 178-79; and
    military supplies, 98-103, 148, 161; and state Board of
    Trade, 104, 105-6, 119; requests Spanish aid, 106-8; and
    Cherokee Indians, 109-10; and French consul, 116; and
    George Washington, 116-18; authorizes slaves to
    conduct foundry, 119; and American prisoners of war,
    119-20; and Bland's expense account, 120; and
    retention of Continental arms, 121-23; TJ on duties of,
    296; JM critical, of, 302
Virginia Federalist, 1137
Virginia Plan: JM outlines, 441-42; approved by
Virginia delegation to Philadelphia convention,
    443; provisions of, 443-44
Virginia port bill (1784): enact, 279-80; European
    reaction to, 327; JM on, 337-38; TJ on, 349; and
    trade within state, 373-74; effort to amend,
    defeated, 405; Eastern Shore ports added, 456;
    George Mason opposes, 510; mentioned, 322,
Virginia resolutions: JM writes, 1067, 1070-71;
    distinguishes between state and legislature, 1085;
    North Carolina legislative action on, 1123; JM
    interprets, 1983, 1986
Virginia revised code of laws: committee appointed
    to revise laws, 54-55; revision of laws, 283, 291,
    292, 310, 416, 507; report on revisal of state laws
    printed, 323, 364; final phase of, 436-37;
    supplemental revision committee appointed, 455,
    466-67; TJ on, 459; Patrick Henry opposes
    further consideration of, 510; JM on opposes's work 
    on, 1975
Virginia Statute for Religious Freedom: JM on
    importance of, 402-3; inserted in Encyclopedie
    methodique, 458-59; and majority role, 522;
    mentioned, 29, 56, 393-94
Vitruvius, Pollio, 1822
Volney, Constantin-Francois Chassebouef, comic de;
    doubts France will make peace with England, 981;
    target of Alien Friends Act, 1003, 1042, 1045; sails for
    France, 1055, 1057; mentioned, 950
Volney sur la guerre des Turcs, 539
Vonnegut, Kurt, 15
Vowles, Mr., 1524



W

Wabash River, 475
Wadsworth, Colonel Jeremiah, 636
Wafford's settlement, 1575
Wagner, Jacob (JM's chief clerk): and printing of laws,
    1184, 1226; edits Federalist paper, 1185; sends
    commissions for JM's signature, 1187; and "Danish
    Resident," 1189; and William Eaton, 1191; and Barbary
    powers, 1193; and instructions to Livingston, 1195,
    1280; illness of, 1221; considered for commissioner of
    bankruptcy, 1231; and handling of pardons, 1273, 1274,
    1275; and Armstrong's appointment to France, 1334
    and commissions for Louisiana, 1336; and TJ, 1341;
    and JM's letter to Fiction, 1344; and Mobile Act, 1346;
    and Yrojo, 1347; on black convicts from Surinam, 1375;
    TJ on skills of, 1392; and extradition of fugitives, 1434;
    sends commission to John Page, 1435 transmits letters
    for TJ, 1436 and Thomas Lewis, 1437; and Mellimelli,
    1438; becomes harsh critic of JM, 1614; mentioned,
    1213, 1279, 1345, 1393, 1440
Walcheren Island, 1604, 1607
Waldoboro, Me., 1250
Walk, Mr., 605
Walker, Brian, 1300
Walker, Elizabeth (Betsey) Moore (Mrs. John): TJ
    admits impropriety of conduct towards, 1480, 1645
Walker, Francis (Frank), 8, 769, 871, 875, 1134, 1381
Walker, John, 14.5, 150-51, 897, 1018, 1480, 1491 Walker,
    Robert, 1263 Walker, Thomas, 60, 350 Walking stick, 465 Wall,
    Mr., 1962-63; Wallace, Dr., 1284; Waller, Benjamin, 60, 408 Walls,
    George, 96 Walls, Thomas, 96 Walpole, Horace, 3 Walpole
    Company, 215 Walter, Thomas: author of Flora Caroliniana, 584
Walton, George, 478 Walton .s Polyglot, 1898 Ward, Samuel,
    1268, 1300 Warden, Davis Bailie: visits Monticello, 1660;
    controversy with Crawford, 1747; JM dismisses, 1751-52;
    mentioned, 1489, 1595, 1596, 1662, 1663-64, 1690 War
    Department, 613, 622, 1162 Wards: and education, 1776 Ware v.
    Hylton, 921 War for American Independence, See American
    Revolution War in Disguise (James Stephen), 1451, 1471, 1474,
    1475 
Warminster, Va., 1894 
Warm Springs, Va., 1795 
War of 1812: British destroy Library of Congress, 15; grievances
    causing, 1680; as Second War for American Independence, 1681
    1754; TJ recommends harsh treatment for Federalist opponents
    of, 1682; campaign against Canada, 1683-85; declaration of,
    1698; Montreal campaign (1813), 1713; campaign of 1814, 1730-
    32, 1734-35  
Warren, Henry, 1230, 1300 
Warren, Sir John, 1710
Warrenton, N.C., 1525 
Warville, Brissot de. See Brissot de
    Warville, Jacques-Pierre 
Washington, Bushrod, 534, 961
Washington, George: JM sends Federalist essays to, 29;
    appointed to command colonial troops, 45; appoints Charles Lee
    as commanding general in Southern Department, 49; victories at
    Trenton and Princeton, 58; at Valley Forge, 58; on treatment of
    prisoners of war, 64, 78-79, 89-90, 114; urges best men to serve
    in Congress, 68; and Virginia troops, 116-17; supports Bland's
    expense account, 120; on lack of food for army, 136; and
    financing of the Revolution, 138; suppresses mutiny, 139; and
    Arnold's treason, 132, 147; warns of invasion of Virginia in 1781,
    156; TJ requests military assistance from, 173; and campaign of
    1781, 174, 181-82, 200; TJ congratulates, on Yorktown victory,
    205; and demobilization, 233, 263; confers with Sir Guy
    Carleton, 247; on peacetime army, 266; TJ reviews Virginia land
    cession with, 272; interest in canals, 331; and navigation of
    Potomac, 296, 356-57, 389, 403, 459, 516; JM visits, 388-89; JM
    writes inscription for Houdon's statue of, 411; supports George
    Mason, 420; on lands on Mohawk, 432; delegate to
    Constitutional Convention, 454, 468, 470, 476, 477, 932;
    supports ratification, 504, 509, 521-22; writes to TJ, 554; elected
    president, 554, 579, 590, 605, 606; recommends Bill of Rights,
    594; illness of, 622, 623, 701, 702-3, 781, 787; appoints TJ
    secretary of state, 637, 638, 639, 654; and Nootka Sound
    incident, 645-47, 657-59; and communications from states to
    Congress, 647, 655, 656; visits Rhode Island with TJ, 662; and
    TJ and JM (1790), 663, 664; and Bank of the United States, 666;
    and District of Columbia, 673, 707; TJ informs, of
    JM's discussion with Beckwith, 681-83; first convenes cabinet,
    710; and Mt. Vernon, 689, 736, 737, 738, 767, 811, 818, 967;
    relations of, with JM, 708; and commercial reciprocity, 711; and
    negotiations with Hammond, 712 726; and Jefferson-Hamilton
    animosity, 713-14, 715-16; signs mint bill, 718; and discussion
    of hereditary descent versus election, 728; dines with Joseph
    Brant, 733; and second term, 715-16, 730, 740, 744; recognizes
    French Republic, 747-48; and neutrality, 748, 749-50, 752, 774;
    and Democratic Society of Philadelphia, 756-57, 804; and TJ's
    retirement from cabinet, 757, 805-7; and federal commissioners'
    compensation, 764-65; thin skinned about criticism, 781-82; and
    Proclamation of Neutrality, 786-87, 799, 801, 805; and Genet,
    803; TJ visits, 821; at Germantown, 822, 828, 829-30; JM on
    influence of (1794), 827; and Jay's treaty, 827, 840, 882, 886,
    887, 889-90, 892, 895, 925, 929; on place of meeting of
    Congress, 828; visits Reading, Pa., 829; meets Fauchet, 833;
    authorizes sale of French prizes, 846; denounces Democratic
    societies, 851, 861-62, 862-64, 867; and Whiskey Rebellion,
    850, 851, 854, 859; TJ writes to, about University of Geneva,
    874, 875; forces resignation of Edmund Randolph, 886; birthday
    celebrated in 1796, 889, 922; TJ critical of, 892, 928, 944; Paine
    breaks with, 907; and treaty with Algiers, 921; sends
    Pinckney's treaty to Senate, 921; delivers journal of
    Constitutional Convention to secretary of state, 930; signs
    appropriation bills to implement Jay's, Pinckney's, Greenville,
    and Algiers treaties, 936; Farewell Address of, 940, 1847-48,
    1861, 1919, 1925, 1926; and relations with France, 951, 956,
    961; and TJ's letter to Mazzei, 972, 985-86; disavows forged
    letters, 991; birthday ball for, in 1798, 997-98, 1020, 1024, 1027;
    John Adams appoints, as commander in chief during quasi war,
    1008, 1056, 1086; death of, 1113; Adams's "oblique stroke" at,
    1157; TJ on administrative procedures under, 1168 1171, 1202
    and passports for Mediterranean, 1178; and policy towards
    belligerents, 1188; TJ invokes name of, 1446; TJ lists final
    correspondence with, 1558; and Indian wars, 1732, 1744:
    recommends national university, 1775; inaugural address of,
    1919, 1925, 1926; mentioned, 23, 129, 189, 193, 495, 553, 802,
    1975, 1979 
Washington, George Steptoe, 847, 857 
Washington, John Augustine, 477 
Washington, Lucy Payne (Mrs. George
    Steptoe), 847 
Washington, Martha (Mrs. George), 664, 708, 821
Washington, William Augustine, 143 
Washington (American packet), 209 
Washington College (Chestertown, Md.), 146
Washington College (Lexington, a.), 1793 
Washington County (D.C.), 1465 
Washington, D.C.: TJ visits as vice president,
    1140; British burn, 1731; JM reenters, 1733; mentioned, 1151,
    1330, 1519, 1523, 1524 
Wasp (U.S. frigate), 1470, 1473, 1536,
    1607, 1610, 1696 
Watch, pocket: TJ orders for JM, 411, 419,
    459, 487, 493-94, 529 
Waterhouse, Benjamin; 1719, 1721
Watkins, George, 1263 
Watkins, Dr. John 1343 
Watkins, T. G., 1817, 1822, 1829, 1841 
Watson, David: and Central College,
    1776, 1777, 1784, 1785, 1787, 1802, 1807, 1808, 1809 
Watson, James, 1131 
Watson, William, 1300 
Watts, John, 865, 872
Way, Nicholas, 993
Wayles, John (father-in-law of TJ), 908
Wayne, Anthony: commands Pennsylvania Line,
    156, 173 189, 201; and western campaign against
    Indians, 830, 863-64, 873; mentioned, 819
Ways and Means Committee. See House of
    Representatives
Weasel, 425-28
Weather observations: TJ begins, 293, 307, 371
Webb, Foster, 548
Webster, Daniel: cites JM on tariffs, 1984-85, 1987,
    1996
Webster, Noah: on TJ's "Report on Weights and Measures,"
    677; writes as "Curtius," 897, 898; attacks Edmund
    Randolph, 904; and TJ's Mazzei letter, 973; predicts French
    invasion will install TJ and JM as American Directory,
    1010; on TJ's removal of Goodrich, 1185; TJ's appraisal of,
    1186; mentioned, 1156
Weedon, George, 160
Wellesley, Sir Arthur. See Wellington, Arthur
    Wellesley, first duke of
Wellesley, Richard Colley, first marquis of: and anti-
    American colleagues, 1626; and Pinkney, 1627, 1663; JM
    says views of, tied to American elections, 1631; and
    Fosters mission, 1665; and War of 1812, 1714; mentioned,
    1617, 1637, 1656, 1691, 1698
Wellington, Arthur Wellesley, first duke of, 1604,
    1678, 1714, 1754
Welscher, Joseph, 1215
Wentworth, George, 1250
Wenthworth, John (lieutenant governor of Nova
    Scotia), 1377
West, Benjamin, 819, 1774
West, John S., 1418, 1483
Western lands: and ratification of Articles of Confederation,
    129-31; state cessions of, 202-3, 247-48, 473, 75, 506, 512,
    530; TJ on state claims of, 294-95; survey and sale of, 473,
    475, 506, 512, 530; and payment of national debt, 454,
    461, 481; foreign investments in, 460; mentioned, 204
Western settlements: government for, 475
Western states: TJ favors small ones, 458
West Florida: boundary of, 1022 as part of Louisiana Purchase,
    1291; Folch protests American claims to, 1329; R. R.
    Livingston on, 1331 negotiations with Spain for, 1354-55;
    sale of land in, 1358; Spain rejects American claims to, 1367-
    68; cabinet proposes cession of, to United States, 1396 revolt
    in, 1648; annexed to Orleans Territory, 1648; mentioned,
    1256
Westham, Va.: site of armament factory, 65, 99, 100,
    119; canal at, 516
West Indies: U.S. trade with, 235, 246, 620-21, 883;
    mentioned, 824, 1447
Weston, Mr., 1425
Westover (plantation), 159
West Point, N.Y., 131-32
West Point, Va., 154
Wethersfield, Conn.. 174, 200
Wetmore, William, 1040
Wharton, Samuel, 215
Whately, Thomas, 399
Wheat: crop in 1784, 338; crop in 1785 371; crop in 1786, 408,
    424, 428; crop in 1787, 484; crop in 1790, 654; crop in 1791
    687; crop in 1792, 730, 733, 738; crop in 1793, 778, 785,
    788, 794, 798; crop in 1794, 831, 844 858, 860, 865, 900;
    price in 1795, 905; crop in 1796, 918, 926, 932; crop in
    1797, 955; crop in 1798, 1012, 1015, 1016, 1025, 1058,
    1060; samples of, from Buenos Aires and Chile, 1385 crop
    in 1806, 1429; crop in 1808, 1524-25, 1329; crop in 1809,
    1576, 1580, 1585, 1586; crop in 1810, 1624, 1639; crop in
    1811, 1686;
    crop in 1812, 1693 1694, 1695, 1699, 1700; crop in
    1813, 1715 1719 1723; crop in 1814, 1741, 1743;
    crop in 1817, 1781; crop in 1819, 1815-16;
    mentioned, 1022, 1027, 1038, 1050
Wheaton, Henry, 1895
Wheeler, Isaac, 1301
Wheeler, Mr., 1272
Whippoorwill, 840
Whiskey Rebellion: excise officer forced to resign,
    775; in western Pennsylvania, 850-54;
    mopping-up operations following, 854; TJ critical
    of suppression of, 864, 867-68; and Edmund
    Randolph, 886
Whit, Mr., 1719
Whitcomb, Samuel, 11
White, Alexander, 245, 534, 605, 768, 1031
White, Anthony Walton, 143
White, Mr.: and Burr conspiracy, 1444, 1467
White, Richard, 97
White House: restoration of, 1773
Whitchurst, John, 459
White over Black (Winthrop D. Jordan), 16
White pine, 690
Whiting, Thomas, 84
Whitten, L., 1084
Whitten, W., 1084
Wiatt, William, 1012
Wickelhausen Frederick Jacob, 1337
Wickham, John, 1633
Wicquefort, Abraham van, 319, 352
Wigginton, Mr., 1340-41
Wikoff, William, 1336, 1337, 1343
Wilberforce, William, 723
Wilkes, John, 1087
Wilkinson, James: compensation to, 1304-5
    appointd governor of Louisiana erritory, 1365;
    and Burr conspiracy, 1443, 1471, 1487, 1663,
    1664; and Neutral Ground Agreement, 1455,
    1458; Monroe on, 1565 1611; TJ's apraisal of,
    1664-65; court martial of, 1687 invades Canada,
    1713, 1730; relieved of command, 1731;
    mentioned, 1197, 1440, 1474
Willett, Marinus, 203
William III (king of England), 94
William and Mary, College of Continental troops
    Quartered in, 49; Reverend James Madison at, 52;
    President's House at, 59; law school established dt,
    128, 143; TJ revises curriculum of, 128; and
    distribution of TJ's Note., 334-35, 372, 401; TJ
    sends books to, 487; as contender for designation
    as state university, 1793 1796, 1807; and proposed
    move to Richmond, 1893-94 1912, 1913, 1926;
    TJ favors discontinuance of, 1913; mentioned,
    1788, 1789, 1860, 1887, 1909
Williamos, Charles, 410
Williams, David Rogerson, 1552
Williams, Eli, 1427
Williams, Jonathan, 152
Williams, Mr., 1441
Williams, Robert, 1272, 1336, 1337, 1471
Williams, Samuel, 1220
Williams, Thomas H., 1471, 1475
Williamsburg, Va.: Dunmore seizes colonial
    gunpower in, 43-44; Dunmore abandons, 48;
    Continental troops in, 48-49; description of, 52;
    state capital moves from, 66; efforts to return
    Virginia capital to, 413
Williamson, Hugh, 293, 478
Williamson, John Postal, 1215
Willing, Thomas, 819, 828
Willis, William, 1301
Willocks, Alexander, 921
Willow oak trees, 529, 542
Wilmington, Del., 552
Wilmington, N.C., 1464
Wilson, James: represents Simon Nathan, 168; delegate to
    Constitutional Convention, 478, 932; and Bill of Rights, 513,
    564; and Whiskey Rebellion, 858; TJ loans books to, 858,
    859, 861, 876; mentioned, 222 
Wilson, Joseph, 1250 
Wilson, Mr., 1341, 1525 
Wimpffen, Baron Felix de, 794 
Winchester, James, 1705, 1709, 1717 
Winchester, Virginia, 1907, 1926
Winder, William, Jr., 1013 
Windsor (British snow), 1185,
    1186, 1188, 1189, 1244, 1245 
Wine: castor for, 685-87 
Winn, Dr., 1372 
Winston, Captain, 1518 
Winston, Dr., 1346
Winston, Isaac, Sr., 1136, 1149, 1175, 1332 
Winston, John, 97 
Wirt, William: elected clerk of Virginia House, 1121-22;
    represents TJ in batture case, 1633, 1640, 1642, 1645; and
    Duane, 1667; rejects appointment at University of Virginia,
    1959, 1968, 1969, 1970; mentioned, 1605, 1606, Wirth, Mr.,
    1337 
Witherall, Judge, 1523 
Witherspoon, John, 684 
Wolcott, Alexander, 1647 
Wolcott, Oliver, Jr., appointed comptroller of
    treasury, 700; TJ on, 807; JM on, 816; succeeds Hamilton,
    869, 890; role of, in resignation of Edmund Randolph, 886;
    attends Washington ball, 998, 1024; lists Republican
    leadership triumverate, 995; attempts to tie TJ to treasonable
    plot, 1009-10; to be retained in case of war, 1028; on federal
    commission relating to western lands of Georgia, 1211;
    mentioned, 660, 766 Wolcott, Oliver, Sr., 347-48 Wolf by the
    Ears, The: Thomas Jefferson and Slavery (John Chester
    Miller), 21 
Wolflus, Christianus, 304, 319 
Wolleston, Frederick H., 1301 
Wood, Captain, 675 
Wood, James, 114
Wood, General James, 605 
Wood, Joseph,1251 
Wood, Mr., 1673 
Woodbery Forest School, Va., 774 
Woodhouse, Professor, 1896 
Woodlands (estate), 1136 
Woods, David, 720 
Woods, William, 1134 
Wood's grist mill, 1429, 1486
Woodward, Augustus Brevoort, 1498, 1523, 1524, 1809
Woodward, Mr., 1469 
Wool: and merino sheep, 1621
Wormley, Ralph, Jr., 534 
Worthington, Thomas, 1224, 1229-30 
Wren, Colonel, 1176, 1177 
Wright, Camilla, 1907 
Wright, Fanny, 1907 
Wright, Governor, 1699 
Wright, Joseph, 819
Wright, Mrs. Joseph, 819 
Wyatt, Mr. See Wiatt, 
William Wykoff, Mr. See Wikoff, William
Wythe, Elizabeth Tahafarro (Mrs. George), 478, 492, 503 
Wythe, George: on Virginia Constitution of 1776, 51; TJ on, 52; on
    committee to revise Virginia laws, 54, 330; heads law school
    at William and Mary, 128, 143; and Simon Nathan, 168; and
    Confederation, 234; on distribution of TJ's Notes, 335,401;
    monitors Peter Carr's education, 342, 433, 479; on Maury's
    school, 370; JM visits, 392; and supplemental revision of
    Virginia code, 455, 466; as delegate to Constitutional
    Convention, 468, 470, 476, 477, 478, 492; TJ ships books to,
    492, 507; and federal Constitution, 509, 534; TJ sends
    information to, 647; and Genet, 811; TJ writes to, 848;
    opposes Jay's treaty, 886, 896; TJ sends volumes of laws to,
    907-15; TJ sends JM copies of letters to, 918; and Dr.
    Wallace, 1284; and election of 1800, 1112; and Declaration of
    Independence, 1878; mentioned, 245, 532, 587, 1847



X

Xebeck (ship), 1421 
XYZ affair: and repressive legislation, 1063 
    Gerry's correspondence on, 1091; and Talleyrand, 1359;
    Gerry's role in, 1853 JM on, 1854; mentioned, 1000-1, 1034-35,
    1072, 1142



Y

Yancey, Robert, 1134 
Yard, James, 1090, 1093, 1241, 1321,
    1620 
Yates, Robert, 469, 478, 873, 876 
Yazoo land compromise, 1221-24, 1405 
Yellow fever: in Philadelphia
    (1793), 760, 814, 818, 819, 829, 830, 874; in Santo Domingo,
    1209; in Philadelphia (1805), 1362, 1380, 1384, 1385, 1386,
    1388, 1394; in New York (1805), 1393; mentioned, 1086-87,
    1192, 1231, 1399 York, James Stuart, duke of, 215 York, Pa.,
    181, 189 York (Toronto), Canada, 1731 York River, Va., 154
Yorktown, Va.: and Virginia Port Bill of 1784, 279-80, 322, 349;
    mentioned, 154, 155, 1251, 1476, 1577 Young, Alfred F.: quoted,
    731 
Young, Moses, 1311 
Young, Mr., 1392 
Young, Nicholas, 1465 
Young, Robert, 1465 
Yrujo, Don Carlos Martinez d': 
    protests insult to Spanish flag, .1227; on right of deposit at New
    Orleans, 1263, 1265, 1266; protests sale of Louisiana, 1285,
    1342; denounces Mobile Act, 1292; visits Monticello (1804),
    1293, 1345, 1346; recalled, 1293, 1347; breaks with JM, 1324;
    attempts to bribe editor, 1346 JM on maneuvers of, in
    Philadelphia, 1379 sends JM samples of wheat, 1385;
    expulsion of, 1385, 1391, 1392; exchanges insults with JM,
    1415; ordered to leave United States, 1426-27; at Cadiz, 1579;
    mentioned, 1381, 1469, 1522, 1606 Yrujo, Sarah McKean (Mrs.
    Carlos) d', 1087, 1292, 1293,1324,1346 Yusuf (pasha of Tripoli),
    1431 
Yznardt, Josef M., 1436, 1440, 1489, 1582, 1583



Z

Zone, Isaac, 77, 273, 319, 324
Zeigler, Mr., 1368
Zimmerman, Eberhard A. W. von, 732

			

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