Chapter 203 - 441R - S Ver of HB2235 - Title: uniform commercial code; secured transactions
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Chapter 203 - 441R - S Ver of HB2235
Reference Title:
uniform commercial code; secured transactions
AN ACT
AMENDING SECTIONS 6-635, 6-637, 10-1809, 11-475, 12-631, 13-3717, 13-4301,
13-4314, 28-2135, 33-1034, 44-5501, 47-1105, 47-1201, 47-2103, 47-2210,
47-2326, 47-2502, 47-2716, 47-2A103, 47-2A303, 47-2A307, 47-2A309, 47-4210,
47-6102, 47-6103, 47-7503, 47-8103, 47-8106, 47-8110, 47-8301, 47-8302 AND
47-8510, ARIZONA REVISED STATUTES; AMENDING TITLE 47, CHAPTER 5, ARIZONA REVISED STATUTES, BY ADDING SECTION 47-5118; REPEALING TITLE 47, CHAPTER 9,
ARIZONA REVISED STATUTES; AMENDING TITLE 47, ARIZONA REVISED STATUTES, BY
ADDING A NEW CHAPTER 9; REPEALING TITLE 47, CHAPTER 11, ARIZONA REVISED STATUTES; RELATING TO SECURED TRANSACTIONS.
Be it enacted by the Legislature of the State of Arizona:
Section 1. Section 6-635, Arizona Revised Statutes, is amended to
read:
6-635
.
Other allowable fees
A. In addition to the finance charges authorized by section 6-632, a
licensee may contract for and receive, and collect finance charges on, the
following fees:
1. A delinquency charge in an amount equal to five per cent of the
amount of any installment not paid in full within seven days after its due
date.
2. The actual costs of charges that are paid to a third party who is
not an employee of the licensee and that are incurred in making consumer
lender loans secured in whole or in part by real property, including the
charges for a preliminary title search, title examination and report, title
insurance premiums, property survey and appraisal fees.
3. Lawful fees for the acknowledging, filing and recording, continuing
or releasing in any public office of any instrument or financing statement
evidencing or perfecting a lien or security interest in real or personal
property securing a consumer lender loan or the premiums paid for insurance
in lieu of filing or recording that shall not exceed the filing or recording
fee.
4. A loan origination fee of not more than seventy-five dollars for
a secured closed end consumer loan of fifteen hundred dollars or more. A
licensee shall not charge a loan origination fee:
(a) For the refinancing of a secured closed end consumer loan if the
refinancing occurs within one year of the collection of a prior loan
origination fee for the loan.
(b) If the licensee charges prepaid finance charges pursuant to
section 6-632, subsection E, paragraph 1.
5. Deferral fees authorized in section 6-634 for precomputed consumer
loans.
6. Insurance premiums as provided in section 6-636.
7. Court costs.
8. Reasonable attorney fees if the consumer lender loan is referred
for collection to an attorney other than a salaried employee of the licensee.
9. Costs, expenses and fees authorized in section 33-813, subsection
B for reinstatement of a deed of trust encumbering real property that secures
a consumer lender loan.
10. Costs and expenses of exercising the power of sale in a deed of
trust encumbering real property that secures a consumer lender loan and costs
and expenses of a sale that are included in a credit bid or that are applied
from the proceeds of a trustee's sale pursuant to section 33-812, including
the payment of trustee fees and reasonable attorney fees actually incurred.
11. Costs and expenses of retaking, holding, preparing for sale and
selling any personal property in accordance with title 47, chapter 9, article
5
6
.
B. If a licensee receives a check, draft, negotiable order of
withdrawal or similar instrument drawn on a depository institution that is
offered by a consumer in full or partial payment on a consumer lender loan
and the instrument is not paid or is dishonored by the depository
institution, the licensee may charge and collect from the consumer a
bad check charge in the amount of ten dollars or the actual charge made to the
consumer lender by the depository institution for the return of the unpaid
or dishonored instrument, whichever is more
DISHONORED CHECK SERVICE FEE PURSUANT TO SECTION 44-6852
.
C. In addition to the finance charges and fees provided in this
article, the licensee shall not directly or indirectly charge, contract for or receive any further or other amount in connection with a consumer lender
loan.
Sec. 2. Section 6-637, Arizona Revised Statutes, is amended to read:
6-637
.
Term; payments
A. The scheduled term of a consumer loan shall not be longer than the
following:
1. Twenty-four months and fifteen days from the date of making a
consumer loan of one thousand dollars or less.
2. Thirty-six months and fifteen days from the date of making a
consumer loan of more than one thousand dollars but not more than two
thousand five hundred dollars.
3. Forty-eight months and fifteen days from the date of making a
consumer loan of more than two thousand five hundred dollars but not more
than four thousand dollars.
4. Sixty months and fifteen days from the date of making a consumer
loan of more than four thousand dollars but not more than six thousand
dollars.
5. Any agreed on time period for a consumer loan of more than six
thousand dollars.
B. The note evidencing a consumer loan shall provide for the scheduled
repayment of principal and finance charges in approximately equal periodic
installments.
C. Pursuant to the provisions of 12 United States Code section 3804,
subsections A and B of this section shall not be superseded by the provisions
of 12 United States Code section 3803.
D. Balloon payments, prepayment penalties, call options and other
contract provisions that permit a consumer lender to accelerate payment of
a consumer revolving loan or home equity revolving loan for any reason other
than the consumer's default as provided in the agreement evidencing the
consumer revolving loan or home equity revolving loan are prohibited, except
that a licensee may include a call option to be exercised at least fifteen
years after the date of the agreement. If the licensee exercises this call
option and the consumer revolving loan or home equity revolving loan is not
in default, the licensee shall amortize the amount due on the account over
at least sixty monthly installments.
E. Except as provided in subsection D of this section, an agreement
evidencing a consumer revolving loan or home equity revolving loan shall
provide that on termination of the right to obtain advances the outstanding
principal balance and finance charges at the time of termination of the right
to obtain advances are repayable in installments if a consumer is not in
default as provided in the agreement. These installments shall provide for
the scheduled repayment of principal and finance charges in approximately
equal periodic installments except as a result of an adjustment in the index on which a variable rate of periodic finance charges is based. These
installments are payable within the following time limits:
1. Twenty-four months and fifteen days from the date of termination
of the right to obtain advances for an outstanding principal balance on that
date of one thousand dollars or less.
2. Thirty-six months and fifteen days from the date of termination of
the right to obtain advances for an outstanding principal balance on that
date that is more than one thousand dollars but not more than two thousand
five hundred dollars.
3. Forty-eight months and fifteen days from the date of termination
of the right to obtain advances for an outstanding principal balance on that
date that is more than two thousand five hundred dollars but not more than
four thousand dollars.
4. Sixty months and fifteen days from the date of termination of the
right to obtain advances for an outstanding principal balance on that date
that is more than four thousand dollars but not more than six thousand
dollars.
5. Any agreed on time period for an outstanding principal balance that
is more than six thousand dollars on the date of termination of the right to
obtain advances.
F. A licensee shall permit a consumer to prepay any scheduled
installment or additional amount due on any consumer lender loan in advance
at any time during the licensee's regular business hours, but the licensee
may apply that prepayment first to all finance charges accrued through the
date of that prepayment.
G. On payment in full or renewal of a consumer lender loan, the
licensee shall provide written notice of payment and release to the consumer,
or if more than one consumer is obligated on the consumer lender loan, to any
one of the consumers. The notice of payment and release shall include the
date of the original note or agreement evidencing the consumer lender loan
and the date of payment in full. In lieu of the notice of payment and
release, the licensee may return the original note or agreement evidencing
the consumer lender loan marked paid or renewed, as applicable. The licensee
shall release any lien or security interest on property securing a consumer
lender loan that is paid in full as provided in section 33-707 for real
property and section
47-9404
47-9513
for personal property. This subsection does not apply to a consumer revolving loan or home equity revolving loan on
which there is no unpaid balance if the consumer's right to receive advances
on the account continues in effect.
Sec. 3. Section 10-1809, Arizona Revised Statutes, is amended to read:
10-1809
.
Capital units, transfers and encumbrances
A. Until a statement substantially in the form set forth in subsection
B of this section has been filed with the commission, any transfer, hypothecation, other voluntary encumbrance or security interest in or of any
capital unit or units shall be void as to creditors and subsequent purchasers
for valuable consideration without notice.
B. The statement of transfer, hypothecation or other voluntary
encumbrance or security interest in or of any capital unit or units in a
close corporation shall be acknowledged and be substantially in one of the
following forms:
1. Transfer:
On the ___________________ day of _______________, _____________, the
undersigned (name of transferor) transferred to (name of transferee), whose address is (address of transferee) (all or a stated percentage) of the undersigned's interest in the capital units
of (name of corporation), an Arizona close corporation.
(signature of transferor)
acknowledgment
2. Hypothecation, other voluntary encumbrance or security interest:
On the __________ day of _______________, ___________, the undersigned (name of debtor) hypothecated and voluntarily encumbered to (name of creditor) (all or a stated percentage) of the
undersigned's interest in the capital units of (name of corporation) , an Arizona close corporation.
(signature of debtor)
acknowledgment
C.
The provisions of
Sections 47-8101 through 47-8407
,
and
sections 47-9301 through 47-9407, shall not be applicable
TITLE 47, CHAPTER 9, ARTICLES 3, 4 AND 5 DO NOT APPLY
to any hypothecation,
other voluntary encumbrance or any creation of a security interest in or of capital units of
a close corporation.
The provisions of sections 47-9501 through 47-9507 shall be applicable as
TITLE 47, CHAPTER 9, ARTICLE 6 APPLIES
to defaults and the rights and remedies for the enforcement
thereof
OF DEFAULTS
.
Sec. 4. Section 11-475, Arizona Revised Statutes, is amended to read:
11-475
.
Fees; exemption
A. The county recorder shall receive the following fees:
1. Recording papers required or authorized by law to be recorded,
where
IF
the fee is not otherwise specified in this section, five dollars for the first five pages plus one dollar for each additional page. In no case
shall the charge for additional pages exceed two hundred fifty dollars.
2. Recording an instrument of satisfaction in a transaction described
in section 47-10101 or a release of collateral under section
47-9406
47-9512
or a termination statement under section
47-9404
47-9513
, three dollars.
3. Recording papers to which the United States, the state or a
political subdivision thereof, including cities, towns and irrigation,
drainage and electrical districts, is a party, when recorded at the request
of the United States, the state or such political subdivision, three dollars
for the first five pages, plus fifty cents for each additional page, such fee
to apply only if the fee is to be paid from public monies. Those fees due
the county recorder from the state for recording papers may be paid on a
monthly basis.
4. Preparing and certifying copies of a record in his office, one
dollar for each page or partial page. In addition for attaching the
recorder's certificate and seal, three dollars.
5. Issuing a certificate pursuant to section
47-9407, subsection B
47-9523
, ten dollars for each name, plus one dollar for each financing statement or statement of assignment reported therein.
B. The standard fee shall be charged for the first indexing category
indicated by the caption of any instrument. Three dollars shall be charged
for each additional indexing category on the same instrument.
C. The standard fee shall be charged for the first assignment, partial
assignment, release, partial release or other modification of any instrument.
Three dollars shall be charged for each additional transaction on the same
instrument.
D. Notwithstanding the provisions of subsection A, paragraph 4 of this
section, the recorder shall prepare and furnish copies and certifications at
one-half of the established fee when requested by any state agency for
official purposes.
E. One dollar shall be charged for each instrument if the recorder is
required to deliver such instruments by mail, unless a postage prepaid,
self-addressed envelope is provided. The fee collected pursuant to this
subsection shall be deposited into the county general fund.
F. The county recorder shall not receive a fee for performing the
duties prescribed by this section for an office, agency or department of the
county where the document is to be recorded. This exemption shall apply only
when such fees would otherwise be paid from public monies.
Sec. 5. Section 12-631, Arizona Revised Statutes, is amended to read:
12-631
.
Definitions
In this article, unless the context otherwise requires:
1. "Buyer" means a person who buys or hires a motor vehicle under a
retail installment contract.
2. "Direct loan agreement" means an agreement between a lender and a
purchaser by which the lender has advanced monies pursuant to a loan secured
by a motor vehicle which the purchaser has purchased.
3. "Lease contract" means a contract for or in contemplation of the
lease for the use of a motor vehicle, and the purchase of services incidental
to the lease, by a natural person for a term exceeding four months primarily
for personal, family, household, business or commercial purposes, whether or
not it is agreed that the lessee bears the risk of the motor vehicle's
depreciation.
4. "Lessee" includes a bailee and means a natural person who leases,
offers to lease or is offered the lease of a motor vehicle under a lease
contract.
5. "Lessor" includes a bailor and means a person who is engaged in the
business of leasing, offering to lease or arranging the lease of a motor
vehicle under a lease contract.
6. "Motor vehicle" means a motor vehicle which is required to be
registered under title 28, chapter 7.
7. "Purchaser" has the same meaning prescribed in section 47-1201.
8. "Retail installment contract" has the same meaning prescribed in
section 44-281 and includes the sale of a motor vehicle between a buyer and
a seller primarily for business or commercial purposes.
9. "Secured party" has the same meaning prescribed in section
47-9105
47-9102
.
10. "Security agreement" has the same meaning prescribed in section
47-9105
47-9102
.
11. "Security interest" has the same meaning prescribed in section
47-1201.
12. "Seller" means a person engaged in the business of selling or
leasing motor vehicles under a retail installment contract.
Sec. 6. Section 13-3717, Arizona Revised Statutes, is amended to read:
13-3717
.
Unlawful subleasing of motor vehicle; violation; classification; definitions
A. A person engages in an act of unlawful subleasing of a motor
vehicle if all of the following conditions are met:
1. The motor vehicle is subject to a lease contract, retail
installment contract or security agreement the terms of which prohibit the
transfer or assignment of any right or interest in the motor vehicle or under
the lease contract, retail installment contract or security agreement.
2. The person is not a party to the lease contract, retail installment
contract or security agreement.
3. The person transfers or assigns, or purports to transfer or assign,
any right or interest in the motor vehicle or under the lease contract,
retail installment contract or security agreement to any person who is not a party to the lease contract, retail installment contract or security
agreement.
4. The person does not obtain, before the transfer or assignment,
written consent to the transfer or assignment from the motor vehicle's
lessor, seller or secured party.
5. The person receives compensation or some other consideration for
the transfer or assignment.
B. A person engages in an act of unlawful subleasing of a motor
vehicle if the person is not a party to the lease contract, retail
installment contract or security agreement and assists, causes or arranges
an actual or purported transfer or assignment.
C. The actual or purported transfer or assignment, or the assisting,
causing or arranging of an actual or purported transfer or assignment, of any
right or interest in a motor vehicle or under a lease contract, retail
installment contract or security agreement by an individual who is a party
to the lease contract, retail installment contract or security agreement is
not an act of unlawful subleasing of a motor vehicle and is not subject to
prosecution.
D. This section does not affect the enforceability of any provision
of any lease contract, retail installment contract, security agreement or
direct loan agreement by any party to the contract or agreement.
E. The penalties under this section are in addition to any other
remedies or penalties provided by law for the conduct proscribed by this
section.
F. A person who violates subsection A of this section is guilty of a
class 1 misdemeanor.
G. In this section, unless the context otherwise requires:
1. "Buyer" means a person who buys or hires a motor vehicle under a
retail installment contract.
2. "Direct loan agreement" means an agreement between a lender and a
purchaser by which the lender has advanced monies pursuant to a loan secured
by the motor vehicle which the purchaser has purchased.
3. "Lease contract" means a contract for or in contemplation of the
lease for the use of a motor vehicle and the purchase of services incidental
to the lease by a natural person for a term exceeding four months primarily
for personal, family, household, business or commercial purposes, whether or
not it is agreed that the lessee bears the risk of the motor vehicle's
depreciation.
4. "Lessee" includes a bailee and means a natural person who leases,
offers to lease or is offered the lease of a motor vehicle under a lease
contract.
5. "Lessor" includes a bailor and means a person who is engaged in the
business of leasing, offering to lease or arranging the lease of a motor
vehicle under a lease contract.
6. "Motor vehicle" means a motor vehicle which is required to be
registered under title 28, chapter 7 and which has a gross weight, as defined
in section 28-5431, of ten thousand pounds or less.
7. "Purchaser" has the same meaning prescribed in section 47-1201.
8. "Retail installment contract" has the same meaning prescribed in
section 44-281 and includes the sale of a motor vehicle between a buyer and
a seller primarily for business or commercial purposes.
9. "Secured party" has the same meaning prescribed in section
47-9105
47-9102
.
10. "Security agreement" has the same meaning prescribed in section
47-9105
47-9102
.
11. "Security interest" has the same meaning prescribed in section
47-1201.
12. "Seller" means a person engaged in the business of selling or
leasing motor vehicles under a retail installment contract.
Sec. 7. Section 13-4301, Arizona Revised Statutes, is amended to read:
13-4301
.
Definitions
In this chapter, unless the context otherwise requires:
1. "Attorney for the state" means an attorney designated by the
attorney general, by a county attorney or by a city attorney to investigate,
commence and prosecute an action under this chapter.
2. "COMMERCIALLY REASONABLE" MEANS A SALE OR DISPOSAL THAT WOULD BE COMMERCIALLY REASONABLE UNDER TITLE 47, CHAPTER 9, ARTICLE 6.
2.
3.
"Injured person" means a person who has sustained economic loss, including medical loss, as a result of injury to his person, business
or property by the conduct giving rise to the forfeiture of property, and who
is not an owner of or an interest holder in the property. Injured person
does not include a person who is responsible for the conduct giving rise to
forfeiture or a person whose interest would not be exempt from forfeiture if
the person were an owner of or interest holder in the property.
3.
4.
"Interest holder" means a person in whose favor there is a security interest or who is the beneficiary of a perfected encumbrance
pertaining to an interest in property.
4.
5.
"Owner" means a person who is not a secured party within the meaning of section
47-9105
47-9102
and who has an interest in property, whether legal or equitable. A person who holds
property for the benefit of
or as agent or nominee for another is not an owner. A purported interest
which is not in compliance with any statute requiring its recordation or
reflection in public records in order to perfect the interest against a bona
fide purchaser for value shall not be recognized as an interest against this
state in an action pursuant to this chapter. An owner with power to convey
property binds other owners, and a spouse binds his spouse, by his act or
omission.
5.
6.
"Person known to have an interest" means a person whose interest in property is reflected in the public records in which his interest
is required by law to be recorded or reflected in order to perfect his
interest. If a person's interest in property is not required by law to be
reflected in public records in order to perfect his interest in the property,
a person shall be known to have an interest only if his interest can be
readily ascertained at the time of the commencement of the forfeiture action
pursuant to this chapter.
6.
7.
"Personal property" includes all interests in property, as defined in section 13-105, in whatever form, except real property and
fixtures as defined in section
47-9313
47-9102
.
7.
8.
"Seizing agency" means any department or agency of this state or its political subdivisions which regularly employs peace officers, and
which employs the peace officer who seizes property for forfeiture, or such
other agency as the seizing agency may designate in a particular case by its
chief executive officer or his designee.
8.
9.
"Seizure for forfeiture" means seizure of property by a peace officer coupled with an assertion by the seizing agency or by an attorney for
the state that the property is subject to forfeiture.
Sec. 8. Section 13-4314, Arizona Revised Statutes, is amended to read:
13-4314
.
Disposition by court
A. If no petitions for remission or mitigation or claims are timely
filed or if no petitioner files a claim in the court within thirty days after
the mailing of a declaration of forfeiture, the attorney for the state shall
apply to the court for an order of forfeiture and allocation of forfeited
property pursuant to section 13-4315. On the state's written application
showing jurisdiction, notice and facts sufficient to demonstrate probable
cause for forfeiture, and in cases brought pursuant to section 13-3413,
subsection A, paragraph 1 or 3, probable cause to believe that the conduct
giving rise to forfeiture involved an amount of unlawful substance greater
than the statutory threshold amount as defined in section 13-3401, paragraph
28, or was committed for financial gain, the court shall order the property
forfeited to the state.
B. After the court's disposition of all claims timely filed under this
chapter, the state has clear title to the forfeited property and the court
shall so order. Title to the forfeited property and its proceeds is deemed
to have vested in the state on the commission of the act or omission giving
rise to the forfeiture under this title.
C. If, in his discretion, the attorney for the state has entered into
a stipulation with an interest holder that the interest holder has an
interest that is exempted from forfeiture, the court, on application of the
attorney for the state, may release or convey forfeited personal property to
the interest holder if all of the following are true:
1. The interest holder has an interest which was acquired in the
regular course of business as a financial institution within section 13-2301,
subsection D, paragraph 3.
2. The amount of the interest holder's encumbrance is readily
determinable and it has been reasonably established by proof made available
by the attorney for the state to the court.
3. The encumbrance held by the interest holder seeking possession is
the only interest exempted from forfeiture and the order forfeiting the
property to the state transferred all of the rights of the owner prior to
forfeiture, including rights to redemption, to the state.
4. After the court's release or conveyance, the interest holder shall
dispose of the property by a commercially reasonable public sale, and within
ten days of disposition shall tender to the state the amount received at
disposition less the amount of the interest holder's encumbrance and
reasonable expense incurred by the interest holder in connection with the
sale or disposal.
For the purposes of this chapter "commercially reasonable" shall be a sale or disposal that would be commercially reasonable under
section 47-9504.
D. On order of the court forfeiting the subject property, the attorney
for the state may transfer good and sufficient title to any subsequent
purchaser or transferee, and the title shall be recognized by all courts, by
this state and by all departments and agencies of this state and any
political subdivision.
E. On entry of judgment for a claimant or claimants in any proceeding
to forfeit property under this chapter such property or interest in property
shall be returned or conveyed immediately to the claimant or claimants
designated by the court. If it appears that there was reasonable cause for
the seizure for forfeiture or for the filing of the notice of pending
forfeiture, complaint, information or indictment, the court shall cause a
finding to be entered, and the claimant is not, in such case, entitled to
costs or damages, nor is the person or seizing agency that made the seizure,
nor is the attorney for the state liable to suit or judgment on account of
such seizure, suit or prosecution.
F. The court shall order any claimant who fails to establish that his
entire interest is exempt from forfeiture under section 13-4304 to pay the
costs of any claimant who establishes that his entire interest is exempt from
forfeiture under section 13-4304
,
and the state's costs and expenses of the investigation and prosecution of the matter, including reasonable attorney
fees.
Sec. 9. Section 28-2135, Arizona Revised Statutes, is amended to read:
28-2135
.
Perfection of security interest in inventory and mobile homes
Notwithstanding any other provision in this article:
1. A security interest in inventory, as defined in section
47-9109
47-9102
, consisting in whole or in part of vehicles required to be titled and registered under section 28-2153 or of mobile homes shall be
perfected in
accordance with the filing provisions of
sections 47-9401 through 47-9409
TITLE 47, CHAPTER 9, ARTICLE 5
to the extent that those provisions are applicable by virtue of
section 47-9302
TITLE 47, CHAPTER
9, ARTICLE 3
.
2. A lien on a mobile home for which an affidavit of affixture has
been recorded pursuant to section 42-15203 shall be perfected either
according to the laws governing perfection of liens on real property or
according to the laws governing perfection of security interests in fixtures.
Sec. 10. Section 33-1034, Arizona Revised Statutes, is amended to
read:
33-1034
.
Filing or recording officer; duties
A. If a notice of federal lien, a refiling of a notice of federal lien
or a notice of revocation of any certificate described in subsection B of
this section is presented to a filing or recording officer who is:
1. The secretary of state, he shall cause the notice to be marked,
held and indexed in accordance with
section 47-9403
TITLE 47, CHAPTER 9, ARTICLE 5
as if the notice were a financing statement within the meaning of title 47.
2. The county recorder, he shall endorse on the notice or refiling his
identification and the date and time of receipt and promptly file or record
it and index it pursuant to section 11-462.
B. If a certificate of release, nonattachment, discharge or
subordination of any lien is presented to the secretary of state for filing
or recording he shall both:
1. Cause a certificate of release or nonattachment to be marked, held
and indexed as if the certificate were a termination statement within the
meaning of title 47, but the notice of lien to which the certificate relates
may not be removed from the files.
2. Cause a certificate of discharge or subordination to be marked,
held and indexed as if the certificate were a release of collateral within
the meaning of title 47.
C. If a refiled notice of federal lien referred to in subsection A of
this section or any of the certificates or notices referred to in subsection
B of this section is presented for filing or recording to a county recorder,
such certificates or notices must contain the information required by section
11-480 and shall be indexed pursuant to section 11-462.
D. On request of any person, the filing or recording officer shall
issue his certificate showing whether there is on file or record, on the date
and hour stated in the certificate, any notice of lien or certificate or
notice affecting any lien filed or recorded under this article, naming a
particular person, and if a notice or certificate is on file or record, giving the date and hour of filing or recording of each notice or
certificate. On request, the filing or recording officer shall furnish a
copy of any notice of federal lien, or notice or certificate affecting a
federal lien.
Sec. 11. Section 44-5501, Arizona Revised Statutes, is amended to
read:
44-5501
.
Restrictions
A. This section applies to a consumer credit sale of goods or
services.
B. Notwithstanding any agreement to the contrary, if the seller or his
assignee retakes goods which were the subject of the sale, the buyer shall
not be personally liable for the unpaid balance of the price if the sales
price were one thousand dollars or less. If the fair market value of retaken
goods exceeds the unpaid balance, the buyer shall be entitled to the
difference between the unpaid balance, after first deducting all unearned
finance charges, and the fair market value of the goods at the time of
retaking, less the seller's or assignee's reasonable costs and expenses as
provided in
section 47-9504
TITLE 47, CHAPTER 9, ARTICLE 6
. However, the buyer may be liable in damages to the seller or his assignee if the buyer has
wrongfully damaged the collateral or if, after default and demand, the buyer
has wrongfully failed to make the collateral available to the seller or his
assignee.
C. Neither the seller of consumer goods or services nor his assignee
may take any other security for a consumer credit sale other than (1) a
security interest in goods sold or as to which services have been rendered
and (2) in the realty to which such goods may be affixed. If the seller or
assignee elects not to retake the goods, but brings an action for the unpaid
balance, the goods may not thereafter be retaken and are not subject to
judicial process to enforce any judgment obtained therein.
D. "Fair market value" means the price arrived at in good faith which
a knowledgeable and willing buyer would pay and a knowledgeable and willing
seller would ask for the goods in question. "Good faith" shall be defined
as set forth in section 47-1201.
Sec. 12. Section 47-1105, Arizona Revised Statutes, is amended to
read:
47-1105
.
Territorial application of the title; parties' power to choose applicable law
A. Except as provided hereafter in this section, when a transaction
bears a reasonable relation to this state and also to another state or nation
the parties may agree that the law either of this state or of such other
state or nation shall govern their rights and duties. Failing such agreement
this title applies to transactions bearing an appropriate relation to this
state.
B. Where one of the following provisions of this title specifies the
applicable law, that provision governs and a contrary agreement is effective
only to the extent permitted by the law (including the conflict of laws
rules) so specified:
1. Rights of creditors against sold goods. Section 47-2402.
2. Applicability of the chapter on leases. Sections 47-2A105 and
47-2A106.
3. Applicability of the chapter on bank deposits and collections.
Section 47-4102.
4. Letters of credit. Section 47-5116.
5. Bulk sales subject to the chapter on bulk sales. Section 47-6103.
6. Applicability of the chapter on investment securities. Section
47-8110.
7. Perfection provisions of the chapter on secured transactions. Section 47-9103.
7. LAW GOVERNING PERFECTION, THE EFFECT OF PERFECTION OR NONPERFECTION AND THE PRIORITY OF SECURITY INTERESTS. SECTIONS 47-9301 THROUGH 47-9307.
Sec. 13. Section 47-1201, Arizona Revised Statutes, is amended to
read:
47-1201
.
General definitions
Subject to additional definitions contained in the subsequent chapters
of this title which are applicable to specific chapters, and unless the
context otherwise requires, in this title:
1. "Action" in the sense of a judicial proceeding includes recoupment,
counterclaim, set-off, suit in equity and any other proceedings in which
rights are determined.
2. "Aggrieved party" means a party entitled to resort to a remedy.
3. "Agreement" means the bargain of the parties in fact as found in
their language or by implication from other circumstances including course
of dealing or usage of trade or course of performance as provided in sections
47-1205 and 47-2208. Whether an agreement has legal consequences is
determined by the provisions of this title, if applicable; otherwise by the
law of contracts, (section 47-1103). (Compare "contract".)
4. "Bank" means any person engaged in the business of banking.
5. "Bearer" means the person in possession of an instrument, document
of title, or certificated security payable to bearer or indorsed in blank.
6. "Bill of lading" means a document evidencing the receipt of goods
for shipment issued by a person engaged in the business of transporting or
forwarding goods, and includes an airbill. "Airbill" means a document
serving for air transportation as a bill of lading does for marine or rail
transportation, and includes an air consignment note or air waybill.
7. "Branch" includes a separately incorporated foreign branch of a
bank.
8. "Burden of establishing" a fact means the burden of persuading the
triers of fact that the existence of the fact is more probable than its
nonexistence.
9. "Buyer in ordinary course of business" means a person
who
THAT BUYS GOODS
in good faith
and
without knowledge that the sale
to him is in violation of
VIOLATES
the
ownership
rights
or security interest
of
a third party
ANOTHER PERSON
in the goods
buys
AND
in
THE
ordinary course from a person
, OTHER THAN A PAWNBROKER,
in the business of selling goods of
that kind
.
but does not include a pawnbroker. All persons who sell minerals or the like (including oil and gas) at wellhead or minehead shall be deemed to
be persons
A PERSON BUYS GOODS IN THE ORDINARY COURSE IF THE SALE TO THE PERSON COMPORTS WITH THE USUAL OR CUSTOMARY PRACTICES IN THE KIND OF BUSINESS
IN WHICH THE SELLER IS ENGAGED OR WITH THE SELLER'S OWN USUAL OR CUSTOMARY
PRACTICES. A PERSON THAT SELLS OIL, GAS OR OTHER MINERALS AT THE WELLHEAD
OR MINEHEAD IS A PERSON
in the business of selling goods of that kind.
"Buying"
A BUYER IN ORDINARY COURSE OF BUSINESS
may
BUY
for cash
or
,
by exchange of other property or on secured
or unsecured credit and
includes receiving
MAY ACQUIRE
goods or documents of title under a preexisting contract for sale
but does not include a transfer in bulk or as security for or in total or partial
satisfaction of a money debt
.
ONLY A BUYER THAT TAKES POSSESSION OF THE GOODS OR HAS A RIGHT TO RECOVER THE GOODS FROM THE SELLER
UNDER CHAPTER 2 OF THIS TITLE MAY BE A BUYER IN ORDINARY COURSE OF BUSINESS.
A PERSON THAT ACQUIRES GOODS IN A TRANSFER IN BULK OR A SECURITY FOR OR IN
TOTAL OR PARTIAL SATISFACTION OF A MONEY DEBT IS NOT A BUYER IN ORDINARY
COURSE OF BUSINESS.
10. "Conspicuous": A term or clause is conspicuous when it is so
written that a reasonable person against whom it is to operate ought to have
noticed it. A printed heading in capitals (as:
NON-NEGOTIABLE
NONNEGOTIABLE
BILL OF LADING) is conspicuous. Language in the body of a form is "conspicuous" if it is in larger or other contrasting type or color.
But in
a telegram any stated term is "conspicuous". Whether a term or clause is
"conspicuous" or not is for decision by the court.
11. "Contract" means the total legal obligation which results from the
parties' agreement as affected by this title and any other applicable rules
of law. (Compare "agreement".)
12. "Creditor" includes a general creditor, a secured creditor, a lien
creditor and any representative of creditors, including an assignee for the
benefit of creditors, a trustee in bankruptcy, a receiver in equity and an
executor or administrator of an insolvent debtor's or assignor's estate.
13. "Defendant" includes a person in the position of defendant in a
cross-action or counterclaim.
14. "Delivery" with respect to instruments, documents of title, chattel
paper or certificated securities means voluntary transfer of possession.
15. "Document of title" includes bill of lading, dock warrant, dock
receipt, warehouse receipt or order for the delivery of goods, and also any
other document which in the regular course of business or financing is
treated as adequately evidencing that the person in possession of it is
entitled to receive, hold and dispose of the document and the goods it
covers. To be a document of title a document must purport to be issued by or
addressed to a bailee and purport to cover goods in the bailee's possession
which are either identified or are fungible portions of an identified mass.
16. "Fault" means wrongful act, omission or breach.
17. "Fungible" with respect to goods or securities means goods or
securities of which any unit is, by nature or usage of trade, the equivalent
of any other like unit. Goods which are not fungible shall be deemed
fungible for the purposes of this title to the extent that under a particular
agreement or document unlike units are treated as equivalents.
18. "Genuine" means free of forgery or counterfeiting.
19. "Good faith" means honesty in fact in the conduct or transaction
concerned.
20. "Holder" with respect to a:
(a) Negotiable instrument means the person in possession if the
instrument is payable to bearer or, in the case of an instrument payable to
an identified person, if the identified person is in possession.
(b) Document of title means the person in possession if the goods are
deliverable to bearer or to the order of the person in possession.
21. To "honor" is to pay or to accept and pay, or where a credit so
engages to purchase or discount a draft complying with the terms of the
credit.
22. "Insolvency proceedings" includes any assignment for the benefit
of creditors or other proceedings intended to liquidate or rehabilitate the
estate of the person involved.
23. A person is "insolvent" who either has ceased to pay his debts in
the ordinary course of business or cannot pay his debts as they become due
or is insolvent within the meaning of the federal bankruptcy law.
24. "Money" means a medium of exchange authorized or adopted by a
domestic or foreign government and includes a monetary unit of account
established by an intergovernmental organization or by agreement between two
or more nations.
25. A person has "notice" of a fact when:
(a) He has actual knowledge of it; or
(b) He has received a notice or notification of it; or
(c) From all the facts and circumstances known to him at the time in
question he has reason to know that it exists. A person "knows" or has
"knowledge" of a fact when he has actual knowledge of it. "Discover" or
"learn" or a word or phrase of similar import refers to knowledge rather than to reason to know. The time and circumstances under which a notice or
notification may cease to be effective are not determined by this title.
26. A person "notifies" or "gives" a notice or notification to another
by taking such steps as may be reasonably required to inform the other in
ordinary course whether or not such other actually comes to know of it. A
person "receives" a notice or notification when:
(a) It comes to his attention; or
(b) It is duly delivered at the place of business through which the
contract was made or at any other place held out by him as the place for
receipt of such communications.
27. Notice, knowledge or a notice or notification received by an
organization is effective for a particular transaction from the time when it
is brought to the attention of the individual conducting that transaction,
and in any event from the time when it would have been brought to his
attention if the organization had exercised due diligence. An organization
exercises due diligence if it maintains reasonable routines for communicating
significant information to the person conducting the transaction and there
is reasonable compliance with the routines. Due diligence does not require
an individual acting for the organization to communicate information unless
such communication is part of his regular duties or unless he has reason to
know of the transaction and that the transaction would be materially affected
by the information.
28. "Organization" includes a corporation, government or governmental
subdivision or agency, business trust, estate, trust, partnership or
association, two or more persons having a joint or common interest, or any
other legal or commercial entity.
29. "Party", as distinct from "third party", means a person who has
engaged in a transaction or made an agreement within this title.
30. "Person" includes an individual or an organization. (See section
47-1102.)
31. "Presumption" or "presumed" means that the trier of fact must find
the existence of the fact presumed unless and until evidence is introduced
which would support a finding of its nonexistence.
32. "Purchase" includes taking by sale, discount, negotiation,
mortgage, pledge, lien,
SECURITY INTEREST,
issue or re-issue, gift or any other voluntary transaction creating an interest in property.
33. "Purchaser" means a person who takes by purchase.
34. "Remedy" means any remedial right to which an aggrieved party is
entitled with or without resort to a tribunal.
35. "Representative" includes an agent, an officer of a corporation or
association, and a trustee, executor or administrator of an estate, or any
other person empowered to act for another.
36. "Rights" includes remedies.
37. "Security interest" means an interest in personal property or
fixtures which secures payment or performance of an obligation.
The retention or reservation of title by a seller of goods notwithstanding
shipment or delivery to the buyer (section 47-2401) is limited in effect to
a reservation of a "security interest".
The term also includes any interest of a
CONSIGNOR AND A
buyer of accounts
or
,
chattel paper
which
, A PAYMENT INTANGIBLE OR A PROMISSORY NOTE IN A
TRANSACTION THAT
is subject to chapter 9 of this title. The special property interest of a buyer of goods on
identification of those goods to a contract for sale under section 47-2401
is not a "security interest", but a buyer may also acquire a "security
interest" by complying with chapter 9 of this title.
Unless a consignment is intended as security, reservation of title thereunder is not a "security
interest", but a consignment in any event is subject to the provisions on
consignment sales (section 47-2326).
EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE PROVIDED IN SECTION 47-2505, THE RIGHT OF A SELLER OR LESSOR OF GOODS UNDER CHAPTER 2 OR 2A OF
THIS TITLE TO RETAIN OR ACQUIRE POSSESSION OF THE GOODS IS NOT A "SECURITY
INTEREST", BUT A SELLER OR LESSOR MAY ALSO ACQUIRE A "SECURITY INTEREST" BY
COMPLYING WITH CHAPTER 9 OF THIS TITLE. THE RETENTION OR RESERVATION OF
TITLE BY A SELLER OF GOODS NOTWITHSTANDING SHIPMENT OR DELIVERY TO THE BUYER
(SECTION 47-2401) IS LIMITED IN EFFECT TO A RESERVATION OF A "SECURITY
INTEREST".
For purposes of this paragraph, the following apply:
(a) Whether a transaction creates a lease or security interest is
determined by the facts of each case. However, a transaction creates a
security interest if the consideration the lessee is to pay the lessor for
the right to possession and use of the goods is an obligation for the term
of the lease not subject to termination by the lessee, and:
(i) The original term of the lease is equal to or greater than the
remaining economic life of the goods;
(ii) The lessee is bound to renew the lease for the remaining economic
life of the goods or is bound to become the owner of the goods;
(iii) The lessee has an option to renew the lease for the remaining
economic life of the goods for no additional consideration or nominal
additional consideration upon compliance with the lease agreement; or
(iv) The lessee has an option to become the owner of the goods for no
additional consideration or nominal additional consideration upon compliance
with the lease agreement.
(b) A transaction does not create a security interest merely because
it provides that:
(i) The present value of the consideration the lessee is obligated to
pay the lessor for the right to possession and use of the goods is
substantially equal to or is greater than the fair market value of the goods
at the time the lease is entered into;
(ii) The lessee assumes risk of loss of the goods, or agrees to pay
taxes, insurance, filing, recording or registration fees, or service or
maintenance costs with respect to the goods;
(iii) The lessee has an option to renew the lease or to become the
owner of the goods;
(iv) The lessee has an option to renew the lease for a fixed rent that
is equal to or greater than the reasonably predictable fair market rent for
the use of the goods for the term of the renewal at the time the option is
to be performed; or
(v) The lessee has an option to become the owner of the goods for a
fixed price that is equal to or greater than the reasonably predictable fair
market value of the goods at the time the option is to be performed.
(c) Additional consideration is not nominal if when the option to
renew the lease is granted to the lessee the rent is stated to be the fair
market rent for the use of the goods for the term of the renewal determined
at the time the option is to be performed, or when the option to become the
owner of the goods is granted to the lessee the price is stated to be the
fair market value of the goods determined at the time the option is to be
performed.
(d) Additional consideration is nominal if it is less than the
lessee's reasonably predictable cost of performing under the lease agreement
if the option is not exercised.
(e) "Reasonably predictable" and "remaining economic life of the
goods" are to be determined with reference to the facts and circumstances at
the time the transaction is entered into.
(f) "Present value" means the amount as of a date certain of one or
more sums payable in the future and discounted to the date certain. The
discount is determined by the interest rate specified by the parties if the
rate is not manifestly unreasonable at the time the transaction is entered
into. Otherwise, the discount is determined by a commercially reasonable
rate that takes into account the facts and circumstances of each case at the
time the transaction was entered into.
38. "Send" in connection with any writing or notice means to deposit
in the mail or deliver for transmission by any other usual means of
communication with postage or cost of transmission provided for and properly
addressed and in the case of an instrument to an address specified thereon
or otherwise agreed, or if there be none to any address reasonable under the
circumstances. The receipt of any writing or notice within the time at which
it would have arrived if properly sent has the effect of a proper sending.
39. "Signed" includes any symbol executed or adopted by a party with
present intention to authenticate a writing.
40. "Surety" includes guarantor.
41. "Telegram" includes a message transmitted by radio, teletype,
cable, any mechanical method of transmission, or the like.
42. "Term" means that portion of an agreement which relates to a
particular matter.
43. "Unauthorized" signature means one made without actual, implied or
apparent authority and includes a forgery.
44. "Value". Except as otherwise provided with respect to negotiable
instruments and bank collections (sections 47-3303, 47-4210 and 47-4211) a
person gives "value" for rights if he acquires them:
(a) In return for a binding commitment to extend credit or for the
extension of immediately available credit whether or not drawn upon and
whether or not a charge-back is provided for in the event of difficulties in
collection; or
(b) As security for or in total or partial satisfaction of a
preexisting claim; or
(c) By accepting delivery pursuant to a preexisting contract for
purchase; or
(d) Generally, in return for any consideration sufficient to support
a simple contract.
45. "Warehouse receipt" means a receipt issued by a person engaged in
the business of storing goods for hire.
46. "Written" or "writing" includes printing, typewriting or any other
intentional reduction to tangible form.
Sec. 14. Section 47-2103, Arizona Revised Statutes, is amended to
read:
47-2103
.
Definitions and index of definitions
A. In this chapter, unless the context otherwise requires:
1. "Buyer" means a person who buys or contracts to buy goods.
2. "Good faith" in the case of a merchant means honesty in fact and
the observance of reasonable commercial standards of fair dealing in the
trade.
3. "Receipt" of goods means taking physical possession of them.
4. "Seller" means a person who sells or contracts to sell goods.
B. Other definitions applying to this chapter, and the sections in
which they appear, are:
1. "Acceptance". Section 47-2606.
2. "Banker's credit". Section 47-2325.
3. "Between merchants". Section 47-2104.
4. "Cancellation". Subsection D of Section 47-2106.
5. "Commercial unit". Section 47-2105.
6. "Confirmed credit". Section 47-2325.
7. "Conforming to contract". Section 47-2106.
8. "Contract for sale". Section 47-2106.
9. "Cover". Section 47-2712.
10. "Entrusting". Section 47-2403.
11. "Financing agency". Section 47-2104.
12. "Future goods". Section 47-2105.
13. "Goods". Section 47-2105.
14. "Identification". Section 47-2501.
15. "Installment contract". Section 47-2612.
16. "Letter of credit". Section 47-2325.
17. "Lot". Section 47-2105.
18. "Merchant". Section 47-2104.
19. "Overseas". Section 47-2323.
20. "Person in position of seller". Section 47-2707.
21. "Present sale". Section 47-2106.
22. "Sale". Section 47-2106.
23. "Sale on approval". Section 47-2326.
24. "Sale or return". Section 47-2326.
25. "Termination". Section 47-2106.
C. The following definitions in other chapters apply to this chapter:
1. "Check". Section 47-3104.
2. "Consignee". Section 47-7102.
3. "Consignor". Section 47-7102.
4. "Consumer goods". Section
47-9109
47-9102
.
5. "Dishonor". Section 47-3502.
6. "Draft". Section 47-3104.
D. In addition chapter 1 of this title contains general definitions
and principles of construction and interpretation applicable throughout this
chapter.
Sec. 15. Section 47-2210, Arizona Revised Statutes, is amended to
read:
47-2210
.
Delegation of performance; assignment of rights
A. A party may perform his duty through a delegate unless otherwise
agreed or unless the other party has a substantial interest in having his
original promisor perform or control the acts required by the contract. No
delegation of performance relieves the party delegating of any duty to
perform or any liability for breach.
B. Unless otherwise agreed all rights of either seller or buyer can
be assigned except where the assignment would materially change the duty of
the other party, or increase materially the burden or risk imposed on him by
his contract, or impair materially his chance of obtaining return
performance. A right to damages for breach of the whole contract or a right
arising out of the assignor's due performance of his entire obligation can
be assigned despite agreement otherwise.
C. THE CREATION, ATTACHMENT, PERFECTION OR ENFORCEMENT OF A SECURITY INTEREST IN THE SELLER'S INTEREST UNDER A CONTRACT IS NOT A TRANSFER THAT
MATERIALLY CHANGES THE DUTY OF OR INCREASES MATERIALLY THE BURDEN OR RISK
IMPOSED ON THE BUYER OR IMPAIRS MATERIALLY THE BUYER'S CHANCE OF OBTAINING RETURN PERFORMANCE WITHIN THE PURVIEW OF SUBSECTION B UNLESS, AND THEN ONLY
TO THE EXTENT THAT, ENFORCEMENT ACTUALLY RESULTS IN A DELEGATION OF MATERIAL
PERFORMANCE OF THE SELLER. EVEN IN THAT EVENT, THE CREATION, ATTACHMENT,
PERFECTION AND ENFORCEMENT OF THE SECURITY INTEREST REMAIN EFFECTIVE, BUT:
1. THE SELLER IS LIABLE TO THE BUYER FOR DAMAGES CAUSED BY THE
DELEGATION TO THE EXTENT THAT THE DAMAGES COULD NOT REASONABLY BE PREVENTED
BY THE BUYER; AND
2. A COURT HAVING JURISDICTION MAY GRANT OTHER APPROPRIATE RELIEF,
INCLUDING CANCELLATION OF THE CONTRACT FOR SALE OR AN INJUNCTION AGAINST
ENFORCEMENT OF THE SECURITY INTEREST OR CONSUMMATION OF THE ENFORCEMENT.
C.
D.
Unless the circumstances indicate the contrary a prohibition of assignment of "the contract" is to be construed as barring only the
delegation to the assignee of the assignor's performance.
D.
E.
An assignment of "the contract" or of "all my rights under the contract" or an assignment in similar general terms is an assignment of
rights and unless the language or the circumstances (as in an assignment for
security) indicate the contrary, it is a delegation of performance of the
duties of the assignor and its acceptance by the assignee constitutes a
promise by him to perform those duties. This promise is enforceable by
either the assignor or the other party to the original contract.
E.
F.
The other party may treat any assignment which delegates performance as creating reasonable grounds for insecurity and may without
prejudice to his rights against the assignor demand assurances from the
assignee (section 47-2609).
Sec. 16. Section 47-2326, Arizona Revised Statutes, is amended to
read:
47-2326
.
Sale on approval and sale or return; rights of creditors
A. Unless otherwise agreed, if delivered goods may be returned by the
buyer even though they conform to the contract, the transaction is:
1. A "sale on approval" if the goods are delivered primarily for use,
and
2. A "sale or return" if the goods are delivered primarily for resale.
B.
Except as provided in subsection C of this section,
Goods held on approval are not subject to the claims of the buyer's creditors until
acceptance; goods held on sale or return are subject to such claims while in
the buyer's possession.
C. Where goods are delivered to a person for sale and such person maintains a place of business at which he deals in goods of the kind
involved, under a name other than the name of the person making delivery,
then with respect to claims of creditors of the person conducting the
business the goods are deemed to be on sale or return. The provisions of
this subsection are applicable even though an agreement purports to reserve title to the person making delivery until payment or resale or uses such
words as "on consignment" or "on memorandum". However, this subsection is
not applicable if the person making delivery:
1. Complies with an applicable law providing for a consignor's interest or the like to be evidenced by a sign, or
2. Establishes that the person conducting the business is generally known by his creditors to be substantially engaged in selling the goods of
others, or
3. Complies with the filing provisions of the chapter on secured transactions (chapter 9 of this title).
D.
C.
Any "or return" term of a contract for sale is to be treated as a separate contract for sale within the statute of frauds section of this
chapter (section 47-2201) and as contradicting the sale aspect of the
contract within the provisions of this chapter on parol or extrinsic evidence
(section 47-2202).
Sec. 17. Section 47-2502, Arizona Revised Statutes, is amended to
read:
47-2502
.
Buyer's right to goods on seller's insolvency
A. Subject to
subsection
SUBSECTIONS
B
AND C
of this section and even though the goods have not been shipped a buyer who has paid a part or all of
the price of goods in which he has a special property under the provisions
of section 47-2501 may on making and keeping good a tender of any unpaid
portion of their price recover them from the seller if
:
1. IN THE CASE OF GOODS BOUGHT FOR PERSONAL, FAMILY OR HOUSEHOLD
PURPOSES, THE SELLER REPUDIATES OR FAILS TO DELIVER AS REQUIRED BY THE
CONTRACT; OR
2. IN ALL CASES,
the seller becomes insolvent within ten days after receipt of the first installment on their price.
B. THE BUYER'S RIGHT TO RECOVER THE GOODS UNDER SUBSECTION A, PARAGRAPH 1 OF THIS SECTION VESTS ON ACQUISITION OF A SPECIAL PROPERTY, EVEN
IF THE SELLER HAD NOT THEN REPUDIATED OR FAILED TO DELIVER.
B.
C.
If the identification creating his special property has been made by the buyer he acquires the right to recover the goods only if they
conform to the contract for sale.
Sec. 18. Section 47-2716, Arizona Revised Statutes, is amended to
read:
47-2716
.
Buyer's right to specific performance or replevin
A. Specific performance may be decreed where the goods are unique or
in other proper circumstances.
B. The decree for specific performance may include such terms and
conditions as to payment of the price, damages, or other relief as the court
may deem just.
C. The buyer has a right of replevin for goods identified to the
contract if after reasonable effort he is unable to effect cover for such
goods or the circumstances reasonably indicate that such effort will be
unavailing or if the goods have been shipped under reservation and
satisfaction of the security interest in them has been made or tendered.
IN THE CASE OF GOODS BOUGHT FOR PERSONAL, FAMILY OR HOUSEHOLD PURPOSES, THE
BUYER'S RIGHT OF REPLEVIN VESTS ON ACQUISITION OF A SPECIAL PROPERTY, EVEN
IF THE SELLER HAD NOT THEN REPUDIATED OR FAILED TO DELIVER.
Sec. 19. Section 47-2A103, Arizona Revised Statutes, is amended to
read:
47-2A103
.
Definitions and index of definitions
A. In this chapter unless the context otherwise requires:
1. "Buyer in ordinary course of business" means a person who in good
faith and without knowledge that the sale to him is in violation of the
ownership rights or security interest or leasehold interest of a third party
in the goods buys in ordinary course from a person in the business of selling goods of that kind but does not include a pawnbroker. "Buying" may be for
cash or by exchange of other property or on secured or unsecured credit and
includes receiving goods or documents of title under a preexisting contract
for sale but does not include a transfer in bulk or as security for or in
total or partial satisfaction of a money debt.
2. "Cancellation" occurs when either party puts an end to the lease
contract for default by the other party.
3. "Commercial unit" means such a unit of goods as by commercial usage
is a single whole for purposes of lease and division of which materially
impairs its character or value on the market or in use. A commercial unit
may be a single article, as a machine, or a set of articles, as a suite of
furniture or a line of machinery, or a quantity, as a gross or carload, or
any other unit treated in use or in the relevant market as a single whole.
4. "Conforming" goods or performance under a lease contract means
goods or performance that is in accordance with the obligations under the
lease contract.
5. "Consumer lease" means a lease that a lessor regularly engaged in
the business of leasing or selling makes to a lessee who is an individual and
who takes under the lease primarily for a personal, family or household
purpose, if the total payments to be made under the lease contract, excluding
payments for options to renew or buy, do not exceed twenty-five thousand
dollars.
6. "Fault" means wrongful act, omission, breach or default.
7. "Finance lease" means a lease with respect to which:
(a) The lessor does not select, manufacture or supply the goods;
(b) The lessor acquires the goods or the right to possession and use
of the goods in connection with the lease; and
(c) One of the following occurs:
(i) The lessee receives a copy of the contract by which the lessor
acquired the goods or the right to possession and use of the goods before
signing the lease contract;
(ii) The lessee's approval of the contract by which the lessor
acquired the goods or the right to possession and use of the goods is a
condition to effectiveness of the lease contract;
(iii) The lessee, before signing the lease contract, receives an
accurate and complete statement designating the promises and warranties, and
any disclaimers of warranties, limitations or modifications of remedies, or
liquidated damages, including those of a third party, such as the
manufacturer of the goods, provided to the lessor by the person supplying the
goods in connection with or as part of the contract by which the lessor
acquired the goods or the right to possession and use of the goods; or
(iv) If the lease is not a consumer lease, the lessor, before the
lessee signs the lease contract, informs the lessee in writing of the
identity of the person supplying the goods to the lessor, unless the lessee has selected that person and directed the lessor to acquire the goods or the
right to possession and use of the goods from that person, that the lessee
is entitled under this chapter to the promises and warranties, including
those of any third party, provided to the lessor by the person supplying the
goods in connection with or as part of the contract by which the lessor
acquired the goods or the right to possession and use of the goods, and that
the lessee may communicate with the person supplying the goods to the lessor
and receive an accurate and complete statement of those promises and
warranties, including any disclaimers and limitations of them or of remedies.
8. "Goods" means all things that are movable at the time of
identification to the lease contract, or are fixtures (section 47-2A309), but
the term does not include money, documents, instruments, accounts, chattel
paper, general intangibles or minerals or the like, including oil and gas,
before extraction. The term also includes the unborn young of animals.
9. "Installment lease contract" means a lease contract that authorizes
or requires the delivery of goods in separate lots to be separately accepted,
even though the lease contract contains a clause "each delivery is a separate
lease" or its equivalent.
10. "Lease" means a transfer of the right to possession and use of
goods for a term in return for consideration, but a sale, including a sale
on approval or a sale or return, or retention or creation of a security
interest is not a lease. Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the
term includes a sublease.
11. "Lease agreement" means the bargain, with respect to the lease, of
the lessor and the lessee in fact as found in their language or by
implication from other circumstances including course of dealing or usage of
trade or course of performance as provided in this article. Unless the
context clearly indicates otherwise, the term includes a sublease agreement.
12. "Lease contract" means the total legal obligation that results from
the lease agreement as affected by this chapter and any other applicable
rules of law. Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the term
includes a sublease contract.
13. "Leasehold interest" means the interest of the lessor or the lessee
under a lease contract.
14. "Lessee" means a person who acquires the right to possession and
use of goods under a lease. Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise,
the term includes a sublessee.
15. "Lessee in ordinary course of business" means a person who in good
faith and without knowledge that the lease to him is in violation of the
ownership rights or security interest or leasehold interest of a third party
in the goods leases in ordinary course from a person in the business of
selling or leasing goods of that kind but does not include a pawnbroker.
"Leasing" may be for cash or by exchange of other property or on secured or
unsecured credit and includes receiving goods or documents of title under a preexisting lease contract but does not include a transfer in bulk or as
security for or in total or partial satisfaction of a money debt.
16. "Lessor" means a person who transfers the right to possession and
use of goods under a lease. Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise,
the term includes a sublessor.
17. "Lessor's residual interest" means the lessor's interest in the
goods after expiration, termination or cancellation of the lease contract.
18. "Lien" means a charge against or interest in goods to secure
payment of a debt or performance of an obligation, but the term does not
include a security interest.
19. "Lot" means a parcel or a single article that is the subject matter
of a separate lease or delivery, whether or not it is sufficient to perform
the lease contract.
20. "Merchant lessee" means a lessee that is a merchant with respect
to goods of the kind subject to the lease.
21. "Present value" means the amount as of a date certain of one or
more sums payable in the future, discounted to the date certain. The
discount is determined by the interest rate specified by the parties if the
rate was not manifestly unreasonable at the time the transaction was entered
into. Otherwise, the discount is determined by a commercially reasonable
rate that takes into account the facts and circumstances of each case at the
time the transaction was entered into.
22. "Purchase" includes taking by sale, lease, mortgage, security
interest, pledge, gift or any other voluntary transaction creating an
interest in goods.
23. "Sublease" means a lease of goods the right to possession and use
of which was acquired by the lessor as a lessee under an existing lease.
24. "Supplier" means a person from whom a lessor buys or leases goods
to be leased under a finance lease.
25. "Supply contract" means a contract under which a lessor buys or
leases goods to be leased.
26. "Termination" occurs when either party pursuant to a power created
by agreement or law puts an end to the lease contract otherwise than for
default.
B. Other definitions applying to this chapter and the sections in
which they appear are:
1. "Accessions". Section 47-2A310.
2. "Construction mortgage". Section 47-2A309.
3. "Encumbrance". Section 47-2A309.
4. "Fixture filing". Section 47-2A309.
5. "Fixtures". Section 47-2A309.
6. "Purchase money lease". Section 47-2A309.
C. The following definitions in other chapters apply to this chapter:
1. "Account". Section
47-9106
47-9102
.
2. "Between merchants". Section 47-2104.
3. "Buyer". Section 47-2103.
4. "Chattel paper". Section
47-9105
47-9102
.
5. "Consumer goods". Section
47-9109
47-9102
.
6. "Document". Section
47-9105
47-9102
.
7. "Entrusting". Section 47-2403.
8. "General
intangibles
INTANGIBLE
". Section
47-9106
47-9102
.
9. "Good faith". Section 47-2103.
10. "Instrument". Section
47-9105
47-9102
.
11. "Merchant". Section 47-2104.
12. "Mortgage". Section
47-9105
47-9102
.
13. "Pursuant to commitment". Section
47-9105
47-9102
.
14. "Receipt". Section 47-2103.
15. "Sale". Section 47-2106.
16. "Sale on approval". Section 47-2326.
17. "Sale or return". Section 47-2326.
18. "Seller". Section 47-2103.
D. In addition, chapter 1 of this title contains general definitions
and principles of construction and interpretation applicable throughout this
chapter.
Sec. 20. Section 47-2A303, Arizona Revised Statutes, is amended to
read:
47-2A303
.
Alienability of party's interest under lease contract or of lessor's residual interest in goods;
delegation of performance; transfer of rights
A. As used in this section, "creation of a security interest" includes
the sale of a lease contract that is subject to chapter 9 of this title,
secured transactions, by reason of section
47-9102
47-9109, SUBSECTION A, PARAGRAPH 3
.
B. Except as provided in
subsections
SUBSECTION
C
and D
of this section
AND SECTION 47-9407
, a provision in a lease agreement which prohibits the voluntary or involuntary transfer, including a
transfer by sale,
sublease, creation or enforcement of a security interest, or attachment, levy
or other judicial process, of an interest of a party under the lease contract
or of the lessor's residual interest in the goods, or makes such a transfer
an event of default, gives rise to the rights and remedies provided in
subsection
E
D
of this section, but a transfer that is prohibited or is an event of default under the lease agreement is otherwise effective.
C. A provision in a lease agreement which prohibits the creation or enforcement of a security interest in an interest of a party under the lease
contract or in the lessor's residual interest in the goods, or makes such a
transfer an event of default, is not enforceable unless, and then only to the extent that, there is an actual transfer by the lessee of the lessee's right
of possession or use of the goods in violation of the provision or an actual
delegation of a material performance of either party to the lease contract
in violation of the provision. Neither the granting nor the enforcement of
a security interest in the lessor's interest under the lease contract or the
lessor's residual interest in the goods is a transfer that materially impairs
the prospect of obtaining return performance by, materially changes the duty
of or materially increases the burden or risk imposed on, the lessee within
the purview of subsection E of this section unless, and then only to the
extent that, there is an actual delegation of a material performance of the
lessor.
D.
C.
A provision in a lease agreement which prohibits a transfer of a right to damages for default with respect to the whole lease contract or
of a right to payment arising out of the transferor's due performance of the
transferor's entire obligation, or makes such a transfer an event of default,
is not enforceable, and such a transfer is not a transfer that materially
impairs the prospect of obtaining return performance by, materially changes
the duty of or materially increases the burden or risk imposed on, the other
party to the lease contract within the purview of subsection
E
D
of this section.
E.
D.
Subject to
subsections
SUBSECTION
C
and D
of this section
AND SECTION 47-9407
:
1. If a transfer is made which is made an event of default under a
lease agreement, the party to the lease contract not making the transfer,
unless that party waives the default or otherwise agrees, has the rights and
remedies described in section 47-2A501, subsection B;
2. If paragraph 1 of this subsection is not applicable and if a
transfer is made that is prohibited under a lease agreement or materially
impairs the prospect of obtaining return performance by, materially changes
the duty of or materially increases the burden or risk imposed on, the other
party to the lease contract, unless the party not making the transfer agrees
at any time to the transfer in the lease contract or otherwise, then, except
as limited by contract, the transferor is liable to the party not making the
transfer for damages caused by the transfer to the extent that the damages
could not reasonably be prevented by the party not making the transfer and
a court having jurisdiction may grant other appropriate relief, including
cancellation of the lease contract or an injunction against the transfer.
F.
E.
A transfer of "the lease" or of "all my rights under the lease", or a transfer in similar general terms, is a transfer of rights and,
unless the language or the circumstances, as in a transfer for security,
indicate the contrary, the transfer is a delegation of duties by the
transferor to the transferee. Acceptance by the transferee constitutes a
promise by the transferee to perform those duties. The promise is enforceable by either the transferor or the other party to the lease
contract.
G.
F.
Unless otherwise agreed by the lessor and the lessee, a delegation of performance does not relieve the transferor as against the
other party of any duty to perform or of any liability for default.
H.
G.
In a consumer lease, to prohibit the transfer of an interest of a party under the lease contract or to make a transfer an event of
default, the language must be specific, by a writing, and conspicuous.
Sec. 21. Section 47-2A307, Arizona Revised Statutes, is amended to
read:
47-2A307
.
Priority of liens arising by attachment or levy on, security interests in and other claims to goods
A. Except as otherwise provided in section 47-2A306, a creditor of a
lessee takes subject to the lease contract.
B. Except as otherwise provided in
subsections
SUBSECTION
C
and D
of this section and in sections 47-2A306 and 47-2A308, a creditor of a lessor
takes subject to the lease contract unless
:
1.
the creditor holds a lien that attached to the goods before the lease contract became enforceable
;
.
2. The creditor holds a security interest in the goods and the lessee did not give value and receive delivery of the goods without knowledge of the
security interest; or
3. The creditor holds a security interest in the goods which was perfected (section 47-9303) before the lease contract became enforceable.
C. A lessee in the ordinary course of business takes the leasehold interest free of a security interest in the goods created by the lessor even
though the security interest is perfected (section 47-9303) and the lessee
knows of its existence.
D. A lessee other than a lessee in the ordinary course of business takes the leasehold interest free of a security interest to the extent that
it secures future advances made after the secured party acquires knowledge
of the lease or more than forty-five days after the lease contract becomes
enforceable, whichever first occurs, unless the future advances are made
pursuant to a commitment entered into without knowledge of the lease and
before the expiration of the forty-five day period.
C. EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE PROVIDED IN SECTIONS 47-9317, 47-9321 AND 47-9323, A LESSEE TAKES A LEASEHOLD INTEREST SUBJECT TO A SECURITY INTEREST
HELD BY A CREDITOR OF THE LESSOR.
Sec. 22. Section 47-2A309, Arizona Revised Statutes, is amended to
read:
47-2A309
.
Lessor's and lessee's rights when goods become fixtures
A. In this section:
1. Goods are "fixtures" when they become so related to particular real
estate that an interest in them arises under real estate law;
2. A "fixture filing" is the filing, in the office where a
RECORD OF A
mortgage on the real estate would be filed or recorded, of a financing statement covering goods that are or are to become fixtures and conforming
to the requirements of section
47-9402, subsection E
47-9502, SUBSECTIONS A AND B
;
3. A lease is a "purchase money lease" unless the lessee has
possession or use of the goods or the right to possession or use of the goods
before the lease agreement is enforceable;
4. A mortgage is a "construction mortgage" to the extent it secures
an obligation incurred for the construction of an improvement on land
including the acquisition cost of the land, if the recorded writing so
indicates; and
5. "Encumbrance" includes real estate mortgages and other liens on
real estate and all other rights in real estate that are not ownership
interests.
B. Under this article a lease may be of goods that are fixtures or may
continue in goods that become fixtures, but no lease exists under this
article of ordinary building materials incorporated into an improvement on
land.
C. This article does not prevent creation of a lease of fixtures
pursuant to real estate law.
D. The perfected interest of a lessor of fixtures has priority over
a conflicting interest of an encumbrancer or owner of the real estate if:
1. The lease is a purchase money lease, the conflicting interest of
the encumbrancer or owner arises before the goods become fixtures, the
interest of the lessor is perfected by a fixture filing before the goods
become fixtures or within ten days thereafter, and the lessee has an interest
of record in the real estate or is in possession of the real estate; or
2. The interest of the lessor is perfected by a fixture filing before
the interest of the encumbrancer or owner is of record, the lessor's interest
has priority over any conflicting interest of a predecessor in title of the
encumbrancer or owner, and the lessee has an interest of record in the real
estate or is in possession of the real estate.
E. The interest of a lessor of fixtures, whether or not perfected, has
priority over the conflicting interest of an encumbrancer or owner of the
real estate if:
1. The fixtures are readily removable factory or office machines,
readily removable equipment that is not primarily used or leased for use in
the operation of the real estate, or readily removable replacements of
domestic appliances that are goods subject to a consumer lease, and before
the goods become fixtures the lease contract is enforceable;
2. The conflicting interest is a lien on the real estate obtained by
legal or equitable proceedings after the lease contract is enforceable;
3. The encumbrancer or owner has consented in writing to the lease or
has disclaimed an interest in the goods as fixtures; or
4. The lessee has a right to remove the goods as against the
encumbrancer or owner. If the lessee's right to remove terminates, the
priority of the interest of the lessor continues for a reasonable time.
F. Notwithstanding subsection D, paragraph 1 of this section but
otherwise subject to subsections D and E of this section, the interest of a
lessor of fixtures, including the lessor's residual interest, is subordinate
to the conflicting interest of an encumbrancer of the real estate under a
construction mortgage recorded before the goods become fixtures if the goods
become fixtures before the completion of the construction. To the extent
given to refinance a construction mortgage, the conflicting interest of an
encumbrancer of the real estate under a mortgage has this priority to the
same extent as the encumbrancer of the real estate under the construction
mortgage.
G. In cases not within the preceding subsections, priority between the
interest of a lessor of fixtures, including the lessor's residual interest,
and the conflicting interest of an encumbrancer or owner of the real estate
who is not the lessee is determined by the priority rules governing
conflicting interests in real estate.
H. If the interest of a lessor of fixtures, including the lessor's
residual interest, has priority over all conflicting interests of all owners
and encumbrancers of the real estate, the lessor or the lessee may on
default, expiration, termination or cancellation of the lease agreement but
subject to the lease agreement and this chapter, or if necessary to enforce
other rights and remedies of the lessor or lessee under this chapter, remove
the goods from the real estate, free and clear of all conflicting interests
of all owners and encumbrancers of the real estate, but the lessor or lessee
must reimburse any encumbrancer or owner of the real estate who is not the
lessee and who has not otherwise agreed for the cost of repair of any
physical injury, but not for any diminution in value of the real estate
caused by the absence of the goods removed or by any necessity of replacing
them. A person entitled to reimbursement may refuse permission to remove
until the party seeking removal gives adequate security for the performance
of this obligation.
I. Even though the lease agreement does not create a security
interest, the interest of a lessor of fixtures, including the lessor's
residual interest, is perfected by filing a financing statement as a fixture
filing for leased goods that are or are to become fixtures in accordance with
the relevant provisions of the chapter on secured transactions (chapter 9 of
this title).
Sec. 23. Section 47-4210, Arizona Revised Statutes, is amended to
read:
47-4210
.
Security interest of collecting bank in items, accompanying documents and proceeds
A. A collecting bank has a security interest in an item and any
accompanying documents or the proceeds of either:
1. In case of an item deposited in an account, to the extent to which
credit given for the item has been withdrawn or applied;
2. In case of an item for which it has given credit available for
withdrawal as of right, to the extent of the credit given, whether or not the
credit is drawn upon or there is a right of charge-back; or
3. If it makes an advance on or against the item.
B. If credit given for several items received at one time or pursuant
to a single agreement is withdrawn or applied in part, the security interest
remains upon all the items, any accompanying documents or the proceeds of
either. For the purpose of this section, credits first given are first
withdrawn.
C. Receipt by a collecting bank of a final settlement for an item is
a realization on its security interest in the item, accompanying documents
and proceeds. So long as the bank does not receive final settlement for the
item or give up possession of the item or accompanying documents for purposes
other than collection, the security interest continues to that extent and is
subject to chapter 9 of this title, but:
1. No security agreement is necessary to make the security interest
enforceable (section 47-9203, subsection
A
B
, paragraph
1
3, SUBDIVISION
(a));
2. No filing is required to perfect the security interests; and
3. The security interest has priority over conflicting perfected
security interests in the item, accompanying documents or proceeds.
Sec. 24. Title 47, chapter 5, Arizona Revised Statutes, is amended by
adding section 47-5118, to read:
47-5118
.
Security interest of issuer or nominated person
A. AN ISSUER OR NOMINATED PERSON HAS A SECURITY INTEREST IN A DOCUMENT PRESENTED UNDER A LETTER OF CREDIT TO THE EXTENT THAT THE ISSUER OR NOMINATED
PERSON HONORS OR GIVES VALUE FOR THE PRESENTATION.
B. AS LONG AS AND TO THE EXTENT THAT AN ISSUER OR NOMINATED PERSON HAS
NOT BEEN REIMBURSED OR HAS NOT OTHERWISE RECOVERED THE VALUE GIVEN WITH
RESPECT TO A SECURITY INTEREST IN A DOCUMENT UNDER SUBSECTION A OF THIS
SECTION, THE SECURITY INTEREST CONTINUES AND IS SUBJECT TO CHAPTER 9 OF THIS
TITLE, BUT:
1. A SECURITY AGREEMENT IS NOT NECESSARY TO MAKE THE SECURITY INTEREST
ENFORCEABLE UNDER SECTION 47-9203, SUBSECTION B, PARAGRAPH 3;
2. IF THE DOCUMENT IS PRESENTED IN A MEDIUM OTHER THAN A WRITTEN OR
OTHER TANGIBLE MEDIUM, THE SECURITY INTEREST IS PERFECTED; AND
3. IF THE DOCUMENT IS PRESENTED IN A WRITTEN OR OTHER TANGIBLE MEDIUM
AND IS NOT A CERTIFICATED SECURITY, CHATTEL PAPER, A DOCUMENT OF TITLE, AS
INSTRUMENT OR A LETTER OF CREDIT, THE SECURITY INTEREST IS PERFECTED AND HAS
PRIORITY OVER CONFLICTING SECURITY INTEREST IN THE DOCUMENT AS LONG AS THE
DEBTOR DOES NOT HAVE POSSESSION OF THE DOCUMENT.
Sec. 25. Section 47-6102, Arizona Revised Statutes, is amended to read:
47-6102
.
Definitions and index of definitions
A. In this chapter unless the context otherwise requires:
1. "Assets" means the inventory that is the subject of a bulk sale and
any tangible and intangible personal property used or held for use primarily
in, or arising from, the seller's business and sold in connection with that
inventory, but the term does not include:
(a) Fixtures (section
47-9313
47-9102
, subsection A, paragraph
1
41
) other than readily removable factory and office machines;
(b) The lessee's interest in a lease of real property; or
(c) Property to the extent it is generally exempt from creditor
process under nonbankruptcy law.
2. "Auctioneer" means a person whom the seller engages to direct,
conduct, control or be responsible for a sale by auction.
3. "Bulk sale" means:
(a) In the case of a sale by auction or a sale or series of sales
conducted by a liquidator on the seller's behalf, a sale or series of sales
not in the ordinary course of the seller's business of more than half of the
seller's inventory, as measured by value on the date of the bulk-sale
agreement, if on that date the auctioneer or liquidator has notice, or after
reasonable inquiry would have had notice, that the seller will not continue
to operate the same or a similar kind of business after the sale or series
of sales; and
(b) In all other cases, a sale not in the ordinary course of the
seller's business of more than half the seller's inventory, as measured by
value on the date of the bulk-sale agreement, if on that date the buyer has
notice, or after reasonable inquiry would have had notice, that the seller
will not continue to operate the same or a similar kind of business after the
sale.
4. "Claim" means a right to payment from the seller, whether or not
the right is reduced to judgment, liquidated, fixed, matured, disputed,
secured, legal or equitable. The term includes costs of collection and
attorney fees only to the extent that the laws of this state permit the
holder of the claim to recover them in an action against the obligor.
5. "Claimant" means a person holding a claim incurred in the seller's
business other than:
(a) An unsecured and unmatured claim for employment compensation and
benefits, including commissions and vacation, severance and sick-leave pay;
(b) A claim for injury to an individual or to property, or for breach
of warranty, unless:
(i) A right of action for the claim has accrued;
(ii) The claim has been asserted against the seller; and
(iii) The seller knows the identity of the person asserting the claim
and the basis upon which the person has asserted it; and
(c) A claim for taxes owing to a governmental unit.
6. "Creditor" means a claimant or other person holding a claim.
7. (a) "Date of the bulk sale" means:
(i) If the sale is by auction or is conducted by a liquidator on the
seller's behalf, the date on which more than ten per cent of the net proceeds
is paid to or for the benefit of the seller; and
(ii) In all other cases, the later of the date on which more than ten
per cent of the net contract price is paid to or for the benefit of the
seller or more than ten per cent of the assets, as measured by value, are
transferred to the buyer.
(b) For purposes of this paragraph:
(i) Delivery of a negotiable instrument (section 47-3104, subsection
A) to or for the benefit of the seller in exchange for assets constitutes
payment of the contract price pro tanto;
(ii) To the extent that the contract price is deposited in an escrow,
the contract price is paid to or for the benefit of the seller when the
seller acquires the unconditional right to receive the deposit or when the
deposit is delivered to the seller or for the benefit of the seller,
whichever is earlier; and
(iii) An asset is transferred when a person holding an unsecured claim
can no longer obtain through judicial proceedings rights to the asset that
are superior to those of the buyer arising as a result of the bulk sale. A
person holding an unsecured claim can obtain those superior rights to a
tangible asset at least until the buyer has an unconditional right, under the
bulk-sale agreement, to possess the asset, and a person holding an unsecured
claim can obtain those superior rights to an intangible asset at least until
the buyer has an unconditional right, under the bulk-sale agreement, to use
the asset.
8. "Date of the bulk-sale agreement" means:
(a) In the case of a sale by auction or conducted by a liquidator
(paragraph 3, subdivision (a) of this subsection), the date on which the
seller engages the auctioneer or liquidator; and
(b) In all other cases, the date on which a bulk-sale agreement
becomes enforceable between the buyer and the seller.
9. "Debt" means liability on a claim.
10. "Liquidator" means a person who is regularly engaged in the
business of disposing of assets for businesses contemplating liquidation or
dissolution.
11. "Net contract price" means the new consideration the buyer is
obligated to pay for the assets less:
(a) The amount of any proceeds of the sale of an asset, to the extent
the proceeds are applied in partial or total satisfaction of a debt secured
by the asset; and
(b) The amount of any debt to the extent it is secured by a security
interest or lien that is enforceable against the asset before and after it
has been sold to a buyer. If a debt is secured by an asset and other
property of the seller, the amount of the debt secured by a security interest
or lien that is enforceable against the asset is determined by multiplying
the debt by a fraction, the numerator of which is the value of the new
consideration for the asset on the date of the bulk sale and the denominator
of which is the value of all property securing the debt on the date of the
bulk sale.
12. "Net proceeds" means the new consideration received for assets sold
at a sale by auction or a sale conducted by a liquidator on the seller's
behalf less:
(a) Commissions and reasonable expenses of the sale;
(b) The amount of any proceeds of the sale of an asset, to the extent
the proceeds are applied in partial or total satisfaction of a debt secured
by the asset; and
(c) The amount of any debt to the extent it is secured by a security
interest or lien that is enforceable against the asset before and after it
has been sold to a buyer. If a debt is secured by an asset and other
property of the seller, the amount of the debt secured by a security interest
or lien that is enforceable against the asset is determined by multiplying
the debt by a fraction, the numerator of which is the value of the new
consideration for the asset on the date of the bulk sale and the denominator
of which is the value of all property securing the debt on the date of the
bulk sale.
13. A sale is "in the ordinary course of the seller's business" if the
sale comports with usual or customary practices in the kind of business in
which the seller is engaged or with the seller's own usual or customary
practices.
14. "United States" includes its territories and possessions and the
Commonwealth of Puerto Rico.
15. "Value" means fair market value.
16. "Verified" means signed and sworn to or affirmed.
B. The following definitions in other chapters of this title apply to
this chapter:
1. "Buyer". Section 47-2103, subsection A, paragraph 1.
2. "Equipment". Section
47-9109, paragraph 2
47-9102, SUBSECTION A, PARAGRAPH 33
.
3. "Inventory". Section
47-9109, paragraph 4
47-9102, SUBSECTION A, PARAGRAPH 48
.
4. "Sale". Section 47-2106, subsection A.
5. "Seller". Section 47-2103, subsection A, paragraph 4.
C. In addition, chapter 1 of this title contains general definitions
and principles of construction and interpretation applicable throughout this
chapter.
Sec. 26. Section 47-6103, Arizona Revised Statutes, is amended to
read:
47-6103
.
Applicability of chapter
A. Except as otherwise provided in subsection C of this section, this
chapter applies to a bulk sale if:
1. The seller's principal business is the sale of inventory from
stock; and
2. On the date of the bulk-sale agreement the seller is located in
this state or, if the seller is located in a jurisdiction that is not a part
of the United States, the seller's major executive office in the United
States is in this state.
B. A seller is deemed to be located at his place of business. If a
seller has more than one place of business, the seller is deemed located at
his chief executive office.
C. This chapter does not apply to:
1. A transfer made to secure payment or performance of an obligation;
2. A transfer of collateral to a secured party pursuant to section
47-9503
47-9609
;
3. A
sale
DISPOSITION
of collateral pursuant to section
47-9504
47-9610
;
4. Retention of collateral pursuant to section
47-9505
47-9620
;
5. A sale of an asset encumbered by a security interest or lien if:
(a) All the proceeds of the sale are applied in partial or total
satisfaction of the debt secured by the security interest or lien; or
(b) The security interest or lien is enforceable against the asset
after it has been sold to the buyer and the net contract price is zero;
6. A general assignment for the benefit of creditors or to a
subsequent transfer by the assignee;
7. A sale by an executor, administrator, receiver or trustee in
bankruptcy or any public officer under judicial process;
8. A sale made in the course of judicial or administrative proceedings
for the dissolution or reorganization of an organization;
9. A sale to a buyer whose principal place of business is in the
United States and who:
(a) Not earlier than twenty-one days before the date of the bulk sale:
(i) Obtains from the seller a verified and dated list of claimants of
whom the seller has notice three days before the seller sends or delivers the
list to the buyer; or
(ii) Conducts a reasonable inquiry to discover the claimants;
(b) Assumes in full the debts owed to claimants of whom the buyer has
knowledge on the date the buyer receives the list of claimants from the
seller or on the date the buyer completes the reasonable inquiry, as the case
may be;
(c) Is not insolvent after the assumption; and
(d) Gives written notice of the assumption not later than thirty days
after the date of the bulk sale by sending or delivering a notice to the
claimants identified in
paragraph 9,
subdivision (b) of this
section
PARAGRAPH
or by filing a notice in the office of the secretary of state;
10. A sale to a buyer whose principal place of business is in the
United States and who:
(a) Assumes in full the debts that were incurred in the seller's
business before the date of the bulk sale;
(b) Is not insolvent after the assumption; and
(c) Gives written notice of the assumption not later than thirty days
after the date of the bulk sale by sending or delivering a notice to each
creditor whose debt is assumed or by filing a notice in the office of the
secretary of state;
11. A sale to a new organization that is organized to take over and
continue the business of the seller and that has its principal place of
business in the United States if:
(a) The buyer assumes in full the debts that were incurred in the
seller's business before the date of the bulk sale;
(b) The seller receives nothing from the sale except an interest in
the new organization that is subordinate to the claims against the
organization arising from the assumption; and
(c) The buyer gives written notice of the assumption not later than
thirty days after the date of the bulk sale by sending or delivering a notice
to each creditor whose debt is assumed or by filing a notice in the office
of the secretary of state;
12. A sale of assets having:
(a) A value, net of liens and security interests, of less than fifty
thousand dollars. If a debt is secured by assets and other property of the
seller, the net value of the assets is determined by subtracting from their
value an amount equal to the product of the debt multiplied by a fraction,
the numerator of which is the value of the assets on the date of the bulk sale and the denominator of which is the value of all property securing the
debt on the date of the bulk sale; or
(b) A value of more than twenty-five million dollars on the date of
the bulk-sale agreement; or
13. A sale required by, and made pursuant to, statute.
D. The notice under subsection C, paragraph 9, subdivision (d) of this
section must state:
1. That a sale that may constitute a bulk sale has been or will be
made;
2. The date or prospective date of the bulk sale;
3. The individual, partnership or corporate names and the addresses
of the seller and buyer;
4. The address to which inquiries about the sale may be made, if
different from the seller's address; and
5. That the buyer has assumed or will assume in full the debts owed
to claimants of whom the buyer has knowledge on the date the buyer receives
the list of claimants from the seller or completes a reasonable inquiry to
discover the claimants.
E. The notice under subsection C, paragraph 10, subdivision (c) of
this section and subsection C, paragraph 11, subdivision (c) of this section
must state:
1. That a sale that may constitute a bulk sale has been or will be
made;
2. The date or prospective date of the bulk sale;
3. The individual, partnership or corporate names and the addresses
of the seller and buyer;
4. The address to which inquiries about the sale may be made, if
different from the seller's address; and
5. That the buyer has assumed or will assume the debts that were
incurred in the seller's business before the date of the bulk sale.
F. For purposes of subsection C, paragraph 12 of this section, the
value of assets is presumed to be equal to the price the buyer agrees to pay
for the assets. However, in a sale by auction or a sale conducted by a
liquidator on the seller's behalf, the value of assets is presumed to be the
amount the auctioneer or liquidator reasonably estimates the assets will
bring at auction or upon liquidation.
Sec. 27. Section 47-7503, Arizona Revised Statutes, is amended to
read:
47-7503
.
Document of title to goods defeated in certain cases
A. A document of title confers no right in goods against a person who
before issuance of the document had a legal interest or a perfected security
interest in them and who neither:
1. Delivered or entrusted them or any document of title covering them
to the bailor or his nominee with actual or apparent authority to ship, store or sell or with power to obtain delivery under this chapter (section 47-7403)
or with power of disposition under this title (sections 47-2403 and
47-9307
47-9320
) or other statute or rule of law; nor
2. Acquiesced in the procurement by the bailor or his nominee of any
document of title.
B. Title to goods based upon an unaccepted delivery order is subject
to the rights of anyone to whom a negotiable warehouse receipt or bill of
lading covering the goods has been duly negotiated. Such a title may be
defeated under section 47-7504 to the same extent as the rights of the issuer
or a transferee from the issuer.
C. Title to goods based upon a bill of lading issued to a freight
forwarder is subject to the rights of anyone to whom a bill issued by the
freight forwarder is duly negotiated; but delivery by the carrier in
accordance with article 4 of this chapter pursuant to its own bill of lading
discharges the carrier's obligation to deliver.
Sec. 28. Section 47-8103, Arizona Revised Statutes, is amended to
read:
47-8103
.
Rules for determining whether certain obligations and interests as securities or financial assets
A. A share or similar equity interest issued by a corporation,
business trust, joint stock company or similar entity is a security.
B. An investment company security is a security. "Investment company
security" means a share or similar equity interest issued by an entity that
is registered as an investment company under the federal investment company
laws, an interest in a unit investment trust that is so registered, or a
face-amount certificate issued by a face-amount certificate company that is
so registered. Investment company security does not include an insurance
policy or endowment policy or annuity contract issued by an insurance
company.
C. An interest in a partnership or limited liability company is not
a security unless it is dealt in or traded on securities exchanges or in
securities markets, its terms expressly provide that it is a security
governed by this chapter, or it is an investment company security. However,
an interest in a partnership or limited liability company is a financial
asset if it is held in a securities account.
D. A writing that is a security certificate is governed by this
chapter and not by chapter 3 of this title, even though it also meets the
requirements of that chapter. However, a negotiable instrument governed by
chapter 3 of this title is a financial asset if it is held in a securities
account.
E. An option or similar obligation issued by a clearing corporation
to its participants is not a security, but is a financial asset.
F. A commodity contract, as defined in section
47-9115
47-9102
, is not a security or a financial asset.
Sec. 29. Section 47-8106, Arizona Revised Statutes, is amended to
read:
47-8106
.
Control
A. A purchaser has "control" of a certificated security in bearer form
if the certificated security is delivered to the purchaser.
B. A purchaser has "control" of a certificated security in registered
form if the certificated security is delivered to the purchaser, and:
1. The certificate is indorsed to the purchaser or in blank by an
effective indorsement; or
2. The certificate is registered in the name of the purchaser, upon
original issue or registration of transfer by the issuer.
C. A purchaser has "control" of an uncertificated security if:
1. The uncertificated security is delivered to the purchaser; or
2. The issuer has agreed that it will comply with instructions
originated by the purchaser without further consent by the registered owner.
D. A purchaser has "control" of a security entitlement if:
1. The purchaser becomes the entitlement holder;
or
2. The securities intermediary has agreed that it will comply with
entitlement orders originated by the purchaser without further consent by the
entitlement holder
.
; OR
3. ANOTHER PERSON HAS CONTROL OF THE SECURITY ENTITLEMENT ON BEHALF
OF THE PURCHASER OR, HAVING PREVIOUSLY ACQUIRED CONTROL OF THE SECURITY
ENTITLEMENT, ACKNOWLEDGES THAT IT HAS CONTROL ON BEHALF OF THE PURCHASER.
E. If an interest in a security entitlement is granted by the
entitlement holder to the entitlement holder's own securities intermediary,
the securities intermediary has control.
F. A purchaser who has satisfied the requirements of subsection
C
, paragraph 2
or
subsection
D
, paragraph 2
has control
,
even if the registered owner in the case of subsection C
, paragraph 2
or the entitlement holder in the case of subsection D
,
paragraph 2
retains the right to make substitutions for the uncertificated security or security entitlement, to
originate instructions or entitlement orders to the issuer or securities
intermediary, or otherwise to deal with the uncertificated security or
security entitlement.
G. An issuer or a securities intermediary may not enter into an
agreement of the kind described in subsection C, paragraph 2 or subsection
D, paragraph 2 without the consent of the registered owner or entitlement
holder, but an issuer or a securities intermediary is not required to enter
into such an agreement even though the registered owner or entitlement holder
so directs. An issuer or securities intermediary that has entered into such
an agreement is not required to confirm the existence of the agreement to
another party unless requested to do so by the registered owner or
entitlement holder.
Sec. 30. Section 47-8110, Arizona Revised Statutes, is amended to
read:
47-8110
.
Applicability; choice of law
A. The local law of the issuer's jurisdiction, as specified in
subsection D, governs:
1. The validity of a security;
2. The rights and duties of the issuer with respect to registration
of transfer;
3. The effectiveness of registration of transfer by the issuer;
4. Whether the issuer owes any duties to an adverse claimant to a
security; and
5. Whether an adverse claim can be asserted against a person to whom
transfer of a certificated or uncertificated security is registered or a
person who obtains control of an uncertificated security.
B. The local law of the securities intermediary's jurisdiction, as
specified in subsection F, governs:
1. Acquisition of a security entitlement from the securities
intermediary;
2. The rights and duties of the securities intermediary and
entitlement holder arising out of a security entitlement;
3. Whether the securities intermediary owes any duties to an adverse
claimant to a security entitlement; and
4. Whether an adverse claim can be asserted against a person who
acquires a security entitlement from the securities intermediary or a person
who purchases a security entitlement or interest therein from an entitlement
holder.
C. The local law of the jurisdiction in which a security certificate
is located at the time of delivery governs whether an adverse claim can be
asserted against a person to whom the security certificate is delivered.
D. "Issuer's jurisdiction" means the jurisdiction under which the
issuer of the security is organized or, if permitted by the law of that
jurisdiction, the law of another jurisdiction specified by the issuer. An
issuer organized under the law of this state may specify the law of another
jurisdiction as the law governing the matters specified in subsection A,
paragraphs 2 through 5.
E. The following rules determine a "securities intermediary's
jurisdiction" for purposes of this section:
1. If an agreement between the securities intermediary and its
entitlement holder
specifies that it is governed by the law of a particular jurisdiction
GOVERNING THE SECURITIES ACCOUNT EXPRESSLY PROVIDES THAT A PARTICULAR JURISDICTION IS THE SECURITIES INTERMEDIARY'S JURISDICTION
FOR
PURPOSES OF THIS ARTICLE OR THIS CHAPTER
, that jurisdiction is the securities intermediary's jurisdiction.
2. IF PARAGRAPH 1 OF THIS SUBSECTION DOES NOT APPLY AND AN AGREEMENT BETWEEN THE SECURITIES INTERMEDIARY AND ITS ENTITLEMENT HOLDER GOVERNING THE
SECURITIES ACCOUNT EXPRESSLY PROVIDES THAT THE AGREEMENT IS GOVERNED BY THE
LAW OF A PARTICULAR JURISDICTION, THAT JURISDICTION IS THE SECURITIES
INTERMEDIARY'S JURISDICTION.
2.
3.
If
NEITHER PARAGRAPH 1 NOR PARAGRAPH 2 OF THIS SUBSECTION APPLIES AND
an agreement between the securities intermediary and its entitlement holder
does not specify the governing law as provided
in paragraph 1 of this subsection, but
GOVERNING THE SECURITIES ACCOUNT
expressly
specifies
PROVIDES
that the securities account is maintained at an office in a particular jurisdiction, that
jurisdiction is the securities
intermediary's jurisdiction.
3.
4.
If
an agreement between the securities intermediary and its entitlement holder does not specify a jurisdiction as provided in paragraph
1 or 2 of this subsection,
NONE OF THE PRECEDING PARAGRAPHS IN THIS SUBSECTION APPLIES,
the securities intermediary's jurisdiction is the jurisdiction in which
is located
the office identified in an account
statement as the office serving the entitlement holder's account
IS LOCATED
.
4.
5.
If
an agreement between the securities intermediary and its entitlement holder does not specify a jurisdiction as provided in paragraph
1 or 2 of this subsection and an account statement does not identify an
office serving the entitlement holder's account as provided in paragraph 3
of this subsection,
NONE OF THE PRECEDING PARAGRAPHS IN THIS SUBSECTION APPLIES,
the securities intermediary's jurisdiction is the jurisdiction in which
is located
the chief executive office of the securities
intermediary
IS LOCATED
.
F. A securities intermediary's jurisdiction is not determined by the
physical location of certificates representing financial assets, or by the
jurisdiction in which is organized the issuer of the financial asset with
respect to which an entitlement holder has a security entitlement, or by the
location of facilities for data processing or other record keeping concerning
the account.
Sec. 31. Section 47-8301, Arizona Revised Statutes, is amended to
read:
47-8301
.
Delivery
A. Delivery of a certificated security to a purchaser occurs when:
1. The purchaser acquires possession of the security certificate;
2. Another person, other than a securities intermediary, either
acquires possession of the security certificate on behalf of the purchaser
or, having previously acquired possession of the certificate, acknowledges
that it holds for the purchaser; or
3. A securities intermediary acting on behalf of the purchaser
acquires possession of the security certificate, only if the certificate is in registered form and
has been
IS REGISTERED IN THE NAME OF THE PURCHASER, PAYABLE TO THE ORDER OF THE PURCHASER OR
specially indorsed to
the purchaser by an effective indorsement
AND HAS NOT BEEN INDORSED TO THE SECURITIES INTERMEDIARY OR IN BLANK
.
B. Delivery of an uncertificated security to a purchaser occurs when:
1. The issuer registers the purchaser as the registered owner, upon
original issue or registration of transfer; or
2. Another person, other than a securities intermediary, either
becomes the registered owner of the uncertificated security on behalf of the
purchaser or, having previously become the registered owner, acknowledges
that it holds for the purchaser.
Sec. 32. Section 47-8302, Arizona Revised Statutes, is amended to
read:
47-8302
.
Rights of purchaser
A. Except as otherwise provided in subsections B and C,
upon delivery
A PURCHASER
of a certificated or uncertificated security
to a purchaser, the purchaser
acquires all rights in the security that the
transferor had or had power to transfer.
B. A purchaser of a limited interest acquires rights only to the
extent of the interest purchased.
C. A purchaser of a certificated security who as a previous holder had
notice of an adverse claim does not improve its position by taking from a
protected purchaser.
Sec. 33. Section 47-8510, Arizona Revised Statutes, is amended to
read:
47-8510
.
Rights of purchaser of security entitlement from entitlement holder
A.
IN A CASE NOT COVERED BY THE PRIORITY RULES IN CHAPTER 9 OF THIS TITLE OR THE RULES STATED IN SUBSECTION C OF THIS SECTION,
an action based on an adverse claim to a financial asset or security entitlement, whether
framed in conversion, replevin, constructive trust, equitable lien or other
theory, may not be asserted against a person who purchases a security
entitlement, or an interest therein, from an entitlement holder if the
purchaser gives value, does not have notice of the adverse claim and obtains
control.
B. If an adverse claim could not have been asserted against an
entitlement holder under section 47-8502, the adverse claim cannot be
asserted against a person who purchases a security entitlement, or an
interest therein, from the entitlement holder.
C. In a case not covered by the priority rules in chapter 9 of this
title, a purchaser for value of a security entitlement or an interest
therein, who obtains control has priority over a purchaser of a security
entitlement, or an interest therein, who does not obtain control.
EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE PROVIDED IN SUBSECTION D OF THIS SECTION,
purchasers who have control rank
equally, except that a
ACCORDING TO PRIORITY IN
TIME OF:
1. THE PURCHASER'S BECOMING THE PERSON FOR WHOM THE SECURITIES
ACCOUNT, IN WHICH THE SECURITY ENTITLEMENT IS CARRIED, IS MAINTAINED, IF THE
PURCHASER OBTAINED CONTROL UNDER SECTION 47-8106, SUBSECTION D, PARAGRAPH 1;
2. THE SECURITIES INTERMEDIARY'S AGREEMENT TO COMPLY WITH THE
PURCHASER'S ENTITLEMENT ORDERS WITH RESPECT TO SECURITY ENTITLEMENTS CARRIED
OR TO BE CARRIED IN THE SECURITIES ACCOUNT IN WHICH THE SECURITY ENTITLEMENT
IS CARRIED, IF THE PURCHASER OBTAINED CONTROL UNDER SECTION 47-8106,
SUBSECTION D, PARAGRAPH 2; OR
3. IF THE PURCHASER OBTAINED CONTROL THROUGH ANOTHER PERSON UNDER
SECTION 47-8106, SUBSECTION D, PARAGRAPH 3, THE TIME ON WHICH PRIORITY WOULD
BE BASED UNDER THIS SUBSECTION IF THE OTHER PERSON WERE THE SECURED PARTY.
D. A
securities intermediary as purchaser has priority over a conflicting purchaser who has control unless otherwise agreed by the
securities intermediary.
Sec. 34.
Repeal
Title 47, chapter 9, Arizona Revised Statutes, is repealed.
Sec. 35. Title 47, Arizona Revised Statutes, is amended by adding a
new chapter 9, to read:
chapter 9
secured transactions
article 1. General provisions
47-9101
.
Short title
THIS CHAPTER MAY BE CITED AS UNIFORM COMMERCIAL CODE–-SECURED TRANSACTIONS.
47-9102
.
Definitions and index of definitions
A. IN THIS CHAPTER, UNLESS THE CONTEXT OTHERWISE REQUIRES:
1. "ACCESSION" MEANS GOODS THAT ARE PHYSICALLY UNITED WITH OTHER GOODS
IN SUCH A MANNER THAT THE IDENTITY OF THE ORIGINAL GOODS IS NOT LOST.
2. "ACCOUNT", EXCEPT AS USED IN "ACCOUNT FOR", MEANS A RIGHT TO
PAYMENT OF A MONETARY OBLIGATION, WHETHER OR NOT EARNED BY PERFORMANCE, FOR
PROPERTY THAT HAS BEEN OR IS TO BE SOLD, LEASED, LICENSED, ASSIGNED OR
OTHERWISE DISPOSED OF, FOR SERVICES RENDERED OR TO BE RENDERED, FOR A POLICY
OF INSURANCE ISSUED OR TO BE ISSUED, FOR A SECONDARY OBLIGATION INCURRED OR
TO BE INCURRED, FOR ENERGY PROVIDED OR TO BE PROVIDED, FOR THE USE OR HIRE
OF A VESSEL UNDER A CHARTER OR OTHER CONTRACT, ARISING OUT OF THE USE OF A
CREDIT OR CHARGE CARD OR INFORMATION CONTAINED ON OR FOR USE WITH THE CARD
OR AS WINNINGS IN A LOTTERY OR OTHER GAME OF CHANCE OPERATED OR SPONSORED BY
A STATE, A GOVERNMENTAL UNIT OF A STATE OR PERSON LICENSED OR AUTHORIZED TO
OPERATE THE GAME BY A STATE OR GOVERNMENTAL UNIT OF A STATE. ACCOUNT
INCLUDES HEALTH CARE INSURANCE RECEIVABLES. ACCOUNT DOES NOT INCLUDE RIGHTS
TO PAYMENT EVIDENCED BY CHATTEL PAPER OR AN INSTRUMENT, COMMERCIAL TORT CLAIMS, DEPOSIT ACCOUNTS, INVESTMENT PROPERTY, LETTER-OF-CREDIT RIGHTS OR
LETTERS OF CREDIT OR RIGHTS TO PAYMENT FOR MONEY OR FUNDS ADVANCED OR SOLD,
OTHER THAN RIGHTS ARISING OUT OF THE USE OF A CREDIT OR CHARGE CARD OR
INFORMATION CONTAINED ON OR FOR USE WITH THE CARD.
3. "ACCOUNT DEBTOR" MEANS A PERSON OBLIGATED ON AN ACCOUNT, CHATTEL
PAPER OR GENERAL INTANGIBLE BUT DOES NOT INCLUDE PERSONS OBLIGATED TO PAY A
NEGOTIABLE INSTRUMENT, EVEN IF THE INSTRUMENT CONSTITUTES PART OF CHATTEL
PAPER.
4. "ACCOUNTING", EXCEPT AS USED IN "ACCOUNTING FOR", MEANS A RECORD:
(a)
AUTHENTICATED BY A SECURED PARTY;
(b)
INDICATING THE AGGREGATE UNPAID SECURED OBLIGATIONS AS OF A DATE NOT MORE THAN THIRTY-FIVE DAYS EARLIER OR THIRTY-FIVE DAYS LATER THAN THE
DATE OF THE RECORD; AND
(c)
IDENTIFYING THE COMPONENTS OF THE OBLIGATIONS IN REASONABLE DETAIL.
5. "AGRICULTURAL LIEN" MEANS AN INTEREST, OTHER THAN A SECURITY
INTEREST, IN FARM PRODUCTS:
(a)
THAT SECURES PAYMENT OR PERFORMANCE OF AN OBLIGATION FOR:
(i)
GOODS OR SERVICES FURNISHED IN CONNECTION WITH A DEBTOR'S FARMING OPERATION; OR
(ii)
RENT ON REAL PROPERTY LEASED BY A DEBTOR IN CONNECTION WITH ITS FARMING OPERATION;
(b)
THAT IS CREATED BY STATUTE IN FAVOR OF A PERSON THAT:
(i)
IN THE ORDINARY COURSE OF ITS BUSINESS FURNISHED GOODS OR SERVICES TO A DEBTOR IN CONNECTION WITH A DEBTOR'S FARMING OPERATION; OR
(ii)
LEASED REAL PROPERTY TO A DEBTOR IN CONNECTION WITH THE DEBTOR'S FARMING OPERATION; AND
(c)
WHOSE EFFECTIVENESS DOES NOT DEPEND ON THE PERSON'S POSSESSION OF THE PERSONAL PROPERTY.
6. "AS-EXTRACTED COLLATERAL" MEANS:
(a)
OIL, GAS OR OTHER MINERALS THAT ARE SUBJECT TO A SECURITY INTEREST THAT:
(i)
IS CREATED BY A DEBTOR HAVING AN INTEREST IN THE MINERALS BEFORE EXTRACTION; AND
(ii)
ATTACHES TO THE MINERALS AS EXTRACTED; OR
(b)
ACCOUNTS ARISING OUT OF THE SALE AT THE WELLHEAD OR MINEHEAD OF OIL, GAS OR OTHER MINERALS IN WHICH THE DEBTOR HAD AN INTEREST BEFORE
EXTRACTION.
7. "AUTHENTICATE" MEANS:
(a)
TO SIGN; OR
(b)
TO EXECUTE OR OTHERWISE ADOPT A SYMBOL, OR ENCRYPT OR SIMILARLY PROCESS A RECORD IN WHOLE OR IN PART, WITH THE PRESENT INTENT OF THE
AUTHENTICATING PERSON TO IDENTIFY THE PERSON AND ADOPT OR ACCEPT A RECORD.
8. "BANK" MEANS AN ORGANIZATION THAT IS ENGAGED IN THE BUSINESS OF
BANKING. BANK INCLUDES SAVINGS BANKS, SAVINGS AND LOAN ASSOCIATIONS, CREDIT
UNIONS AND TRUST COMPANIES.
9. "CASH PROCEEDS" MEANS PROCEEDS THAT ARE MONEY, CHECKS, DEPOSIT
ACCOUNTS OR THE LIKE.
10. "CERTIFICATE OF TITLE" MEANS A CERTIFICATE OF TITLE WITH RESPECT
TO WHICH A STATUTE PROVIDES FOR THE SECURITY INTEREST IN QUESTION TO BE
INDICATED ON THE CERTIFICATE AS A CONDITION OR RESULT OF THE SECURITY
INTEREST'S OBTAINING PRIORITY OVER THE RIGHTS OF A LIEN CREDITOR WITH RESPECT
TO THE COLLATERAL.
11. "CHATTEL PAPER" MEANS A RECORD OR RECORDS THAT EVIDENCE BOTH A
MONETARY OBLIGATION AND A SECURITY INTEREST IN SPECIFIC GOODS, A SECURITY
INTEREST IN SPECIFIC GOODS AND SOFTWARE USED IN THE GOODS OR A LEASE OF
SPECIFIC GOODS. CHATTEL PAPER DOES NOT INCLUDE CHARTERS OR OTHER CONTRACTS
INVOLVING THE USE OR HIRE OF A VESSEL. IF A TRANSACTION IS EVIDENCED BOTH
BY A SECURITY AGREEMENT OR LEASE AND BY AN INSTRUMENT OR SERIES OF
INSTRUMENTS, THE GROUP OF RECORDS TAKEN TOGETHER CONSTITUTES CHATTEL PAPER.
12. "COLLATERAL" MEANS THE PROPERTY SUBJECT TO A SECURITY INTEREST OR
AGRICULTURAL LIEN. COLLATERAL INCLUDES:
(a)
PROCEEDS TO WHICH A SECURITY INTEREST ATTACHES;
(b)
ACCOUNTS, CHATTEL PAPER, PAYMENT INTANGIBLES AND PROMISSORY NOTES THAT HAVE BEEN SOLD; AND
(c)
GOODS THAT ARE THE SUBJECT OF A CONSIGNMENT.
13. "COMMERCIAL TORT CLAIM" MEANS A CLAIM ARISING IN TORT WITH RESPECT
TO WHICH:
(a)
THE CLAIMANT IS AN ORGANIZATION; OR
(b)
THE CLAIMANT IS AN INDIVIDUAL AND THE CLAIM:
(i)
AROSE IN THE COURSE OF THE CLAIMANT'S BUSINESS OR PROFESSION; AND
(ii)
DOES NOT INCLUDE DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF PERSONAL INJURY TO OR THE DEATH OF AN INDIVIDUAL.
14. "COMMODITY ACCOUNT" MEANS AN ACCOUNT MAINTAINED BY A COMMODITY
INTERMEDIARY IN WHICH A COMMODITY CONTRACT IS CARRIED FOR A COMMODITY
CUSTOMER.
15. "COMMODITY CONTRACT" MEANS A COMMODITY FUTURES CONTRACT, AN OPTION
ON A COMMODITY FUTURES CONTRACT, A COMMODITY OPTION OR ANOTHER CONTRACT IF
THE CONTRACT OR OPTION IS:
(a)
TRADED ON OR SUBJECT TO THE RULES OF A BOARD OF TRADE THAT HAS BEEN DESIGNATED AS A CONTRACT MARKET FOR SUCH A CONTRACT PURSUANT TO FEDERAL
COMMODITIES LAWS; OR
(b)
TRADED ON A FOREIGN COMMODITY BOARD OF TRADE, EXCHANGE OR MARKET, AND IS CARRIED ON THE BOOKS OF A COMMODITY INTERMEDIARY FOR A COMMODITY
CUSTOMER.
16. "COMMODITY CUSTOMER" MEANS A PERSON FOR WHICH A COMMODITY
INTERMEDIARY CARRIES A COMMODITY CONTRACT ON ITS BOOKS.
17. "COMMODITY INTERMEDIARY" MEANS A PERSON THAT:
(a)
IS REGISTERED AS A FUTURES COMMISSION MERCHANT UNDER FEDERAL COMMODITIES LAW; OR
(b)
IN THE ORDINARY COURSE OF ITS BUSINESS PROVIDES CLEARANCE OR SETTLEMENT SERVICES FOR A BOARD OF TRADE THAT HAS BEEN DESIGNATED AS A
CONTRACT MARKET PURSUANT TO FEDERAL COMMODITIES LAW.
18. "COMMUNICATE" MEANS:
(a)
TO SEND A WRITTEN OR OTHER TANGIBLE RECORD;
(b)
TO TRANSMIT A RECORD BY ANY MEANS AGREED ON BY THE PERSONS SENDING AND RECEIVING THE RECORD; OR
(c)
IN THE CASE OF TRANSMISSION OF A RECORD TO OR BY A FILING OFFICE, TO TRANSMIT A RECORD BY ANY MEANS PRESCRIBED BY FILING OFFICE RULE.
19. "CONSIGNEE" MEANS A MERCHANT TO WHICH GOODS ARE DELIVERED IN A
CONSIGNMENT.
20. "CONSIGNMENT" MEANS A TRANSACTION, REGARDLESS OF ITS FORM, IN WHICH
A PERSON DELIVERS GOODS TO A MERCHANT FOR THE PURPOSE OF SALE AND:
(a)
THE MERCHANT:
(i)
DEALS IN GOODS OF THAT KIND UNDER A NAME OTHER THAN THE NAME OF THE PERSON MAKING DELIVERY;
(ii)
IS NOT AN AUCTIONEER; AND
(iii)
IS NOT GENERALLY KNOWN BY ITS CREDITORS TO BE SUBSTANTIALLY ENGAGED IN SELLING THE GOODS OF OTHERS;
(b)
WITH RESPECT TO EACH DELIVERY, THE AGGREGATE VALUE OF THE GOODS IS ONE THOUSAND DOLLARS OR MORE AT THE TIME OF DELIVERY;
(c)
THE GOODS ARE NOT CONSUMER GOODS IMMEDIATELY BEFORE DELIVERY; AND
(d)
THE TRANSACTION DOES NOT CREATE A SECURITY INTEREST THAT SECURES AN OBLIGATION.
21. "CONSIGNOR" MEANS A PERSON THAT DELIVERS GOODS TO A CONSIGNEE IN
A CONSIGNMENT.
22. "CONSUMER DEBTOR" MEANS A DEBTOR IN A CONSUMER TRANSACTION.
23. "CONSUMER GOODS" MEANS GOODS THAT ARE USED OR BOUGHT FOR USE
PRIMARILY FOR PERSONAL, FAMILY OR HOUSEHOLD PURPOSES.
24. "CONSUMER GOODS TRANSACTION" MEANS A CONSUMER TRANSACTION IN WHICH:
(a)
AN INDIVIDUAL INCURS AN OBLIGATION PRIMARILY FOR PERSONAL, FAMILY OR HOUSEHOLD PURPOSES; AND
(b)
A SECURITY INTEREST IN CONSUMER GOODS SECURES THE OBLIGATION.
25. "CONSUMER OBLIGOR" MEANS AN OBLIGOR WHO IS AN INDIVIDUAL AND WHO
INCURRED THE OBLIGATION AS PART OF A TRANSACTION ENTERED INTO PRIMARILY FOR
PERSONAL, FAMILY OR HOUSEHOLD PURPOSES.
26. "CONSUMER TRANSACTION" MEANS A TRANSACTION IN WHICH AN INDIVIDUAL
INCURS AN OBLIGATION PRIMARILY FOR PERSONAL, FAMILY OR HOUSEHOLD PURPOSES, A SECURITY INTEREST SECURES THE OBLIGATION AND THE COLLATERAL IS HELD OR
ACQUIRED PRIMARILY FOR PERSONAL, FAMILY OR HOUSEHOLD PURPOSES. CONSUMER
TRANSACTION INCLUDES CONSUMER GOODS TRANSACTIONS.
27. "CONTINUATION STATEMENT" MEANS AN AMENDMENT OF A FINANCING
STATEMENT THAT:
(a)
IDENTIFIES, BY ITS FILE NUMBER, THE INITIAL FINANCING STATEMENT TO WHICH IT RELATES; AND
(b)
INDICATES THAT IT IS A CONTINUATION STATEMENT FOR, OR THAT IT IS FILED TO CONTINUE THE EFFECTIVENESS OF, THE IDENTIFIED FINANCING STATEMENT.
28. "DEBTOR" MEANS:
(a)
A PERSON HAVING AN INTEREST, OTHER THAN A SECURITY INTEREST OR OTHER LIEN, IN THE COLLATERAL, WHETHER OR NOT THE PERSON IS AN OBLIGOR;
(b)
A SELLER OF ACCOUNTS, CHATTEL PAPER, PAYMENT INTANGIBLES OR PROMISSORY NOTES; OR
(c)
A CONSIGNEE.
29. "DEPOSIT ACCOUNT" MEANS A DEMAND, TIME, SAVINGS, PASSBOOK OR
SIMILAR ACCOUNT MAINTAINED WITH A BANK. DEPOSIT ACCOUNT DOES NOT INCLUDE
INVESTMENT PROPERTY OR ACCOUNTS EVIDENCED BY AN INSTRUMENT.
30. "DOCUMENT" MEANS A DOCUMENT OF TITLE OR A RECEIPT OF THE TYPE
DESCRIBED IN SECTION 47-7201, SUBSECTION B.
31. "ELECTRONIC CHATTEL PAPER" MEANS CHATTEL PAPER EVIDENCED BY A
RECORD OR RECORDS CONSISTING OF INFORMATION STORED IN AN ELECTRONIC MEDIUM.
32. "ENCUMBRANCE" MEANS A RIGHT, OTHER THAN AN OWNERSHIP INTEREST, IN
REAL PROPERTY. ENCUMBRANCE INCLUDES MORTGAGES AND OTHER LIENS ON REAL
PROPERTY.
33. "EQUIPMENT" MEANS GOODS OTHER THAN INVENTORY, FARM PRODUCTS OR
CONSUMER GOODS.
34. "FARM PRODUCTS" MEANS GOODS, OTHER THAN STANDING TIMBER, WITH
RESPECT TO WHICH THE DEBTOR IS ENGAGED IN A FARMING OPERATION AND THAT ARE:
(a)
CROPS GROWN, GROWING OR TO BE GROWN, INCLUDING:
(i)
CROPS PRODUCED ON TREES, VINES AND BUSHES; AND
(ii)
AQUATIC GOODS PRODUCED IN AQUACULTURAL OPERATIONS;
(b)
LIVESTOCK, BORN OR UNBORN, INCLUDING AQUATIC GOODS PRODUCED IN AQUACULTURAL OPERATIONS;
(c)
SUPPLIES USED OR PRODUCED IN A FARMING OPERATION; OR
(d)
PRODUCTS OF CROPS OR LIVESTOCK IN THEIR UNMANUFACTURED STATES.
35. "FARMING OPERATION" MEANS RAISING, CULTIVATING, PROPAGATING,
FATTENING, GRAZING OR ANY OTHER FARMING, LIVESTOCK OR AQUACULTURAL OPERATION.
36. "FILE NUMBER" MEANS THE NUMBER ASSIGNED TO AN INITIAL FINANCING
STATEMENT PURSUANT TO SECTION 47-9519, SUBSECTION A.
37. "FILING OFFICE" MEANS AN OFFICE DESIGNATED IN SECTION 47-9501 AS
THE PLACE TO FILE A FINANCING STATEMENT.
38. "FILING OFFICE RULE" MEANS A RULE ADOPTED PURSUANT TO SECTION
47-9526.
39. "FINANCING STATEMENT" MEANS A RECORD OR RECORDS COMPOSED OF AN
INITIAL FINANCING STATEMENT AND ANY FILED RECORD RELATING TO THE INITIAL
FINANCING STATEMENT.
40. "FIXTURE FILING" MEANS THE FILING OF A FINANCING STATEMENT COVERING
GOODS THAT ARE OR ARE TO BECOME FIXTURES AND SATISFYING SECTION 47-9502,
SUBSECTIONS A AND B. FIXTURE FILING INCLUDES THE FILING OF A FINANCING
STATEMENT COVERING GOODS OF A TRANSMITTING UTILITY THAT ARE OR ARE TO BECOME
FIXTURES.
41. "FIXTURES" MEANS GOODS THAT HAVE BECOME SO RELATED TO PARTICULAR
REAL PROPERTY THAT AN INTEREST IN THEM ARISES UNDER REAL PROPERTY LAW.
42. "GENERAL INTANGIBLE" MEANS ANY PERSONAL PROPERTY, INCLUDING THINGS
IN ACTION, OTHER THAN ACCOUNTS, CHATTEL PAPER, COMMERCIAL TORT CLAIMS,
DEPOSIT ACCOUNTS, DOCUMENTS, GOODS, INSTRUMENTS, INVESTMENT PROPERTY,
LETTER-OF-CREDIT RIGHTS, LETTERS OF CREDIT, MONEY AND OIL, GAS OR OTHER
MINERALS BEFORE EXTRACTION. GENERAL INTANGIBLE INCLUDES PAYMENT INTANGIBLES
AND SOFTWARE.
43. "GOOD FAITH" MEANS HONESTY IN FACT AND THE OBSERVANCE OF REASONABLE
COMMERCIAL STANDARDS OF FAIR DEALING.
44. "GOODS" MEANS ALL THINGS THAT ARE MOVABLE WHEN A SECURITY INTEREST
ATTACHES.
(a)
GOODS INCLUDES:
(i)
FIXTURES;
(ii)
STANDING TIMBER THAT IS TO BE CUT AND REMOVED UNDER A CONVEYANCE OR CONTRACT FOR SALE;
(iii)
THE UNBORN YOUNG OF ANIMALS;
(iv)
CROPS GROWN, GROWING OR TO BE GROWN, EVEN IF THE CROPS ARE PRODUCED ON TREES, VINES OR BUSHES; AND
(v)
MANUFACTURED HOMES.
(b)
GOODS ALSO INCLUDES A COMPUTER PROGRAM EMBEDDED IN GOODS AND ANY SUPPORTING INFORMATION PROVIDED IN CONNECTION WITH A TRANSACTION RELATING TO
THE PROGRAM IF:
(i)
THE PROGRAM IS ASSOCIATED WITH THE GOODS IN SUCH A MANNER THAT IT CUSTOMARILY IS CONSIDERED PART OF THE GOODS; OR
(ii)
BY BECOMING THE OWNER OF THE GOODS, A PERSON ACQUIRES A RIGHT TO USE THE PROGRAM IN CONNECTION WITH THE GOODS.
(c)
GOODS DOES NOT INCLUDE A COMPUTER PROGRAM EMBEDDED IN GOODS THAT CONSIST SOLELY OF THE MEDIUM IN WHICH THE PROGRAM IS EMBEDDED.
(d)
GOODS ALSO DOES NOT INCLUDE ACCOUNTS, CHATTEL PAPER, COMMERCIAL TORT CLAIMS, DEPOSIT ACCOUNTS, DOCUMENTS, GENERAL INTANGIBLES, INSTRUMENTS,
INVESTMENT PROPERTY, LETTER-OF-CREDIT RIGHTS, LETTERS OF CREDIT, MONEY, OR
OIL, GAS OR OTHER MINERALS BEFORE EXTRACTION.
45. "GOVERNMENTAL UNIT" MEANS A SUBDIVISION, AGENCY, DEPARTMENT,
COUNTY, PARISH, MUNICIPALITY OR OTHER UNIT OF THE GOVERNMENT OF THE UNITED
STATES, A STATE OR A FOREIGN COUNTRY. GOVERNMENTAL UNIT INCLUDES AN
ORGANIZATION HAVING A SEPARATE CORPORATE EXISTENCE IF THE ORGANIZATION IS
ELIGIBLE TO ISSUE DEBT ON WHICH INTEREST IS EXEMPT FROM INCOME TAXATION UNDER
THE LAWS OF THE UNITED STATES.
46. "HEALTH-CARE-INSURANCE RECEIVABLE" MEANS AN INTEREST IN OR CLAIM
UNDER A POLICY OF INSURANCE THAT IS A RIGHT TO PAYMENT OF A MONETARY
OBLIGATION FOR HEALTH CARE GOODS OR SERVICES PROVIDED.
47. "INSTRUMENT" MEANS A NEGOTIABLE INSTRUMENT OR ANY OTHER WRITING
THAT EVIDENCES A RIGHT TO THE PAYMENT OF A MONETARY OBLIGATION, IS NOT ITSELF
A SECURITY AGREEMENT OR LEASE AND IS OF A TYPE THAT IN THE ORDINARY COURSE
OF BUSINESS IS TRANSFERRED BY DELIVERY WITH ANY NECESSARY INDORSEMENT OR
ASSIGNMENT. INSTRUMENT DOES NOT INCLUDE:
(a)
INVESTMENT PROPERTY;
(b)
LETTERS OF CREDIT; OR
(c)
WRITINGS THAT EVIDENCE A RIGHT TO PAYMENT ARISING OUT OF THE USE OF A CREDIT OR CHARGE CARD OR INFORMATION CONTAINED ON OR FOR USE WITH THE
CARD.
48. "INVENTORY" MEANS GOODS, OTHER THAN FARM PRODUCTS, THAT:
(a)
ARE LEASED BY A PERSON AS LESSOR;
(b)
ARE HELD BY A PERSON FOR SALE OR LEASE OR TO BE FURNISHED UNDER A CONTRACT OF SERVICE;
(c)
ARE FURNISHED BY A PERSON UNDER A CONTRACT OF SERVICE; OR
(d)
CONSIST OF RAW MATERIALS, WORK IN PROCESS OR MATERIALS USED OR CONSUMED IN A BUSINESS.
49. "INVESTMENT PROPERTY" MEANS A SECURITY, WHETHER CERTIFICATED OR
UNCERTIFICATED, SECURITY ENTITLEMENT, SECURITIES ACCOUNT, COMMODITY CONTRACT
OR COMMODITY ACCOUNT.
50. "JURISDICTION OF ORGANIZATION", WITH RESPECT TO A REGISTERED
ORGANIZATION, MEANS THE JURISDICTION UNDER WHOSE LAW THE ORGANIZATION IS
ORGANIZED.
51. "LETTER-OF-CREDIT RIGHT" MEANS A RIGHT TO PAYMENT OR PERFORMANCE
UNDER A LETTER OF CREDIT, WHETHER OR NOT THE BENEFICIARY HAS DEMANDED OR IS
AT THE TIME ENTITLED TO DEMAND PAYMENT OR PERFORMANCE. LETTER-OF-CREDIT
RIGHT DOES NOT INCLUDE THE RIGHT OF A BENEFICIARY TO DEMAND PAYMENT OR
PERFORMANCE UNDER A LETTER OF CREDIT.
52. "LIEN CREDITOR" MEANS:
(a)
A CREDITOR THAT HAS ACQUIRED A LIEN ON THE PROPERTY INVOLVED BY ATTACHMENT, LEVY OR THE LIKE;
(b)
AN ASSIGNEE FOR BENEFIT OF CREDITORS FROM THE TIME OF ASSIGNMENT;
(c)
A TRUSTEE IN BANKRUPTCY FROM THE DATE OF THE FILING OF THE PETITION; OR
(d)
A RECEIVER IN EQUITY FROM THE TIME OF APPOINTMENT.
53. "MANUFACTURED HOME" MEANS A STRUCTURE THAT IS TRANSPORTABLE IN ONE
OR MORE SECTIONS AND THAT, IN THE TRAVELING MODE, IS EIGHT BODY FEET OR MORE
IN WIDTH OR FORTY BODY FEET OR MORE IN LENGTH, OR, WHEN ERECTED ON SITE, IS
THREE HUNDRED TWENTY OR MORE SQUARE FEET, AND THAT IS BUILT ON A PERMANENT
CHASSIS AND DESIGNED TO BE USED AS A DWELLING WITH OR WITHOUT A PERMANENT
FOUNDATION WHEN CONNECTED TO THE REQUIRED UTILITIES, AND INCLUDES THE
PLUMBING, HEATING, AIR CONDITIONING AND ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS CONTAINED THEREIN.
MANUFACTURED HOME INCLUDES ANY STRUCTURE THAT MEETS ALL OF THE REQUIREMENTS
OF THIS PARAGRAPH EXCEPT THE SIZE REQUIREMENTS AND WITH RESPECT TO WHICH THE
MANUFACTURER VOLUNTARILY FILES A CERTIFICATION REQUIRED BY THE UNITED STATES
SECRETARY OF HOUSING AND URBAN DEVELOPMENT AND COMPLIES WITH THE STANDARDS
ESTABLISHED UNDER TITLE 42 OF THE UNITED STATES CODE.
54. "MANUFACTURED HOME TRANSACTION" MEANS A SECURED TRANSACTION:
(a)
THAT CREATES A PURCHASE MONEY SECURITY INTEREST IN A MANUFACTURED HOME, OTHER THAN A MANUFACTURED HOME HELD AS INVENTORY; OR
(b)
IN WHICH A MANUFACTURED HOME, OTHER THAN A MANUFACTURED HOME HELD AS INVENTORY, IS THE PRIMARY COLLATERAL.
55. "MORTGAGE" MEANS A CONSENSUAL INTEREST IN REAL PROPERTY, INCLUDING
FIXTURES, THAT SECURES PAYMENT OR PERFORMANCE OF AN OBLIGATION.
56. "NEW DEBTOR" MEANS A PERSON THAT BECOMES BOUND AS DEBTOR UNDER
SECTION 47-9203, SUBSECTION D BY A SECURITY AGREEMENT PREVIOUSLY ENTERED INTO
BY ANOTHER PERSON.
57. "NEW VALUE" MEANS MONEY, MONEY'S WORTH IN PROPERTY, SERVICES OR NEW
CREDIT OR RELEASE BY A TRANSFEREE OF AN INTEREST IN PROPERTY PREVIOUSLY
TRANSFERRED TO THE TRANSFEREE. NEW VALUE DOES NOT INCLUDE AN OBLIGATION
SUBSTITUTED FOR ANOTHER OBLIGATION.
58. "NONCASH PROCEEDS" MEANS PROCEEDS OTHER THAN CASH PROCEEDS.
59. "OBLIGOR" MEANS A PERSON THAT, WITH RESPECT TO AN OBLIGATION
SECURED BY A SECURITY INTEREST IN OR AN AGRICULTURAL LIEN ON THE COLLATERAL,
OWES PAYMENT OR OTHER PERFORMANCE OF THE OBLIGATION, HAS PROVIDED PROPERTY
OTHER THAN THE COLLATERAL TO SECURE PAYMENT OR OTHER PERFORMANCE OF THE
OBLIGATION OR IS OTHERWISE ACCOUNTABLE IN WHOLE OR IN PART FOR PAYMENT OR
OTHER PERFORMANCE OF THE OBLIGATION. OBLIGOR DOES NOT INCLUDE ISSUERS OR
NOMINATED PERSONS UNDER A LETTER OF CREDIT.
60. "ORIGINAL DEBTOR" MEANS A PERSON THAT, AS DEBTOR, ENTERED INTO A
SECURITY AGREEMENT TO WHICH A NEW DEBTOR HAS BECOME BOUND UNDER SECTION
47-9203, SUBSECTION D.
61. "PAYMENT INTANGIBLE" MEANS A GENERAL INTANGIBLE UNDER WHICH THE
ACCOUNT DEBTOR'S PRINCIPAL OBLIGATION IS A MONETARY OBLIGATION.
62. "PERSON RELATED TO", WITH RESPECT TO AN INDIVIDUAL, MEANS:
(a)
THE SPOUSE OF THE INDIVIDUAL;
(b)
A BROTHER, BROTHER-IN-LAW, SISTER OR SISTER-IN-LAW OF THE INDIVIDUAL;
(c)
AN ANCESTOR OR LINEAL DESCENDANT OF THE INDIVIDUAL OR THE INDIVIDUAL'S SPOUSE; OR
(d)
ANY OTHER RELATIVE, BY BLOOD OR MARRIAGE, OF THE INDIVIDUAL OR THE INDIVIDUAL'S SPOUSE WHO SHARES THE SAME HOME WITH THE INDIVIDUAL.
63. "PERSON RELATED TO", WITH RESPECT TO AN ORGANIZATION, MEANS:
(a)
A PERSON DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY CONTROLLING, CONTROLLED BY OR UNDER COMMON CONTROL WITH THE ORGANIZATION;
(b)
AN OFFICER OR DIRECTOR OF, OR A PERSON PERFORMING SIMILAR FUNCTIONS WITH RESPECT TO, THE ORGANIZATION;
(c)
AN OFFICER OR DIRECTOR OF, OR A PERSON PERFORMING SIMILAR FUNCTIONS WITH RESPECT TO, A PERSON DESCRIBED IN SUBDIVISION
(a)
OF THIS PARAGRAPH;
(d)
THE SPOUSE OF AN INDIVIDUAL DESCRIBED IN SUBDIVISION
(a), (b)
OR
(c)
OF THIS PARAGRAPH; OR
(e)
AN INDIVIDUAL WHO IS RELATED BY BLOOD OR MARRIAGE TO AN INDIVIDUAL DESCRIBED IN SUBDIVISION
(a), (b), (c)
OR
(d)
OF THIS PARAGRAPH AND SHARES THE SAME HOME WITH THE INDIVIDUAL.
64. "PROCEEDS" MEANS THE FOLLOWING PROPERTY:
(a)
WHATEVER IS ACQUIRED ON THE SALE, LEASE, LICENSE, EXCHANGE OR OTHER DISPOSITION OF COLLATERAL;
(b)
WHATEVER IS COLLECTED ON, OR DISTRIBUTED ON ACCOUNT OF, COLLATERAL;
(c)
RIGHTS ARISING OUT OF COLLATERAL;
(d)
TO THE EXTENT OF THE VALUE OF COLLATERAL, CLAIMS ARISING OUT OF THE LOSS, NONCONFORMITY OR INTERFERENCE WITH THE USE OF, DEFECTS OR
INFRINGEMENT OF RIGHTS IN, OR DAMAGE TO THE COLLATERAL; OR
(e)
TO THE EXTENT OF THE VALUE OF COLLATERAL AND TO THE EXTENT PAYABLE TO THE DEBTOR OR THE SECURED PARTY, INSURANCE PAYABLE BY REASON OF THE LOSS
OR NONCONFORMITY OF, DEFECTS OR INFRINGEMENT OF RIGHTS IN, OR DAMAGE TO THE
COLLATERAL.
65. "PROMISSORY NOTE" MEANS AN INSTRUMENT THAT EVIDENCES A PROMISE TO
PAY A MONETARY OBLIGATION, DOES NOT EVIDENCE AN ORDER TO PAY AND DOES NOT
CONTAIN AN ACKNOWLEDGMENT BY A BANK THAT THE BANK HAS RECEIVED FOR DEPOSIT
A SUM OF MONEY OR FUNDS.
66. "PROPOSAL" MEANS A RECORD AUTHENTICATED BY A SECURED PARTY THAT
INCLUDES THE TERMS ON WHICH THE SECURED PARTY IS WILLING TO ACCEPT COLLATERAL
IN FULL OR PARTIAL SATISFACTION OF THE OBLIGATION IT SECURES PURSUANT TO
SECTIONS 47-9620, 47-9621 AND 47-9622.
67. "PUBLIC FINANCE TRANSACTION" MEANS A SECURED TRANSACTION IN
CONNECTION WITH WHICH:
(a)
DEBT SECURITIES ARE ISSUED;
(b)
ALL OR A PORTION OF THE SECURITIES ISSUED HAVE AN INITIAL STATED MATURITY OF AT LEAST TWENTY YEARS; AND
(c)
THE DEBTOR, OBLIGOR, SECURED PARTY, ACCOUNT DEBTOR OR OTHER PERSON OBLIGATED ON COLLATERAL, ASSIGNOR OR ASSIGNEE OF A SECURED OBLIGATION OR
ASSIGNOR OR ASSIGNEE OF A SECURITY INTEREST IS A STATE OR A GOVERNMENTAL UNIT
OF A STATE.
68. "PURSUANT TO COMMITMENT", WITH RESPECT TO AN ADVANCE MADE OR OTHER
VALUE GIVEN BY A SECURED PARTY, MEANS PURSUANT TO THE SECURED PARTY'S
OBLIGATION, WHETHER OR NOT A SUBSEQUENT EVENT OF DEFAULT OR OTHER EVENT NOT
WITHIN THE SECURED PARTY'S CONTROL HAS RELIEVED OR MAY RELIEVE THE SECURED
PARTY FROM ITS OBLIGATION.
69. "RECORD", EXCEPT AS USED IN "FOR RECORD", "OF RECORD", "RECORD OR
LEGAL TITLE", AND "RECORD OWNER", MEANS INFORMATION THAT IS INSCRIBED ON A
TANGIBLE MEDIUM OR THAT IS STORED IN AN ELECTRONIC OR OTHER MEDIUM AND IS
RETRIEVABLE IN PERCEIVABLE FORM.
70. "REGISTERED ORGANIZATION" MEANS AN ORGANIZATION ORGANIZED SOLELY
UNDER THE LAW OF A SINGLE STATE OR THE UNITED STATES AND AS TO WHICH THE
STATE OR THE UNITED STATES MUST MAINTAIN A PUBLIC RECORD SHOWING THE
ORGANIZATION TO HAVE BEEN ORGANIZED.
71. "SECONDARY OBLIGOR" MEANS AN OBLIGOR TO THE EXTENT THAT:
(a)
THE OBLIGOR'S OBLIGATION IS SECONDARY; OR
(b)
THE OBLIGOR HAS A RIGHT OF RECOURSE WITH RESPECT TO AN OBLIGATION SECURED BY COLLATERAL AGAINST THE DEBTOR, ANOTHER OBLIGOR OR PROPERTY OF
EITHER.
72.
"SECURED PARTY" MEANS:
(a)
A PERSON IN WHOSE FAVOR A SECURITY INTEREST IS CREATED OR PROVIDED FOR UNDER A SECURITY AGREEMENT, WHETHER OR NOT ANY OBLIGATION TO BE SECURED
IS OUTSTANDING;
(b)
A PERSON THAT HOLDS AN AGRICULTURAL LIEN;
(c)
A CONSIGNOR;
(d)
A PERSON TO WHICH ACCOUNTS, CHATTEL PAPER, PAYMENT INTANGIBLES OR PROMISSORY NOTES HAVE BEEN SOLD;
(e)
A TRUSTEE, INDENTURE TRUSTEE, AGENT, COLLATERAL AGENT OR OTHER REPRESENTATIVE IN WHOSE FAVOR A SECURITY INTEREST OR AGRICULTURAL LIEN IS
CREATED OR PROVIDED FOR; OR
(f)
A PERSON THAT HOLDS A SECURITY INTEREST ARISING UNDER SECTION 47-2401, 47-2505, 47-2711, 47-2A508, 47-4210 OR 47-5118.
73. "SECURITY AGREEMENT" MEANS AN AGREEMENT THAT CREATES OR PROVIDES
FOR A SECURITY INTEREST.
74. "SEND", IN CONNECTION WITH A RECORD OR NOTIFICATION, MEANS:
(a)
TO DEPOSIT IN THE MAIL, DELIVER FOR TRANSMISSION OR TRANSMIT BY ANY OTHER USUAL MEANS OF COMMUNICATION, WITH POSTAGE OR COST OF TRANSMISSION PROVIDED FOR, ADDRESSED TO ANY ADDRESS REASONABLE UNDER THE CIRCUMSTANCES;
OR
(b)
TO CAUSE THE RECORD OR NOTIFICATION TO BE RECEIVED WITHIN THE TIME THAT IT WOULD HAVE BEEN RECEIVED IF PROPERLY SENT UNDER SUBDIVISION
(a)
OF THIS PARAGRAPH.
75. "SOFTWARE" MEANS A COMPUTER PROGRAM AND ANY SUPPORTING INFORMATION
PROVIDED IN CONNECTION WITH A TRANSACTION RELATING TO THE PROGRAM. SOFTWARE
DOES NOT INCLUDE A COMPUTER PROGRAM THAT IS INCLUDED IN THE DEFINITION OF
GOODS.
76. "STATE" MEANS A STATE OF THE UNITED STATES, THE DISTRICT OF
COLUMBIA, PUERTO RICO, THE UNITED STATES VIRGIN ISLANDS OR ANY TERRITORY OR
INSULAR POSSESSION SUBJECT TO THE JURISDICTION OF THE UNITED STATES.
77. "SUPPORTING OBLIGATION" MEANS A LETTER-OF-CREDIT RIGHT OR SECONDARY
OBLIGATION THAT SUPPORTS THE PAYMENT OR PERFORMANCE OF AN ACCOUNT, CHATTEL
PAPER, A DOCUMENT, A GENERAL INTANGIBLE, AN INSTRUMENT OR INVESTMENT
PROPERTY.
78. "TANGIBLE CHATTEL PAPER" MEANS CHATTEL PAPER EVIDENCED BY A RECORD
OR RECORDS CONSISTING OF INFORMATION THAT IS INSCRIBED ON A TANGIBLE MEDIUM.
79. "TERMINATION STATEMENT" MEANS AN AMENDMENT OF A FINANCING STATEMENT
THAT:
(a)
IDENTIFIES, BY ITS FILE NUMBER, THE INITIAL FINANCING STATEMENT TO WHICH IT RELATES; AND
(b)
INDICATES EITHER THAT IT IS A TERMINATION STATEMENT OR THAT THE IDENTIFIED FINANCING STATEMENT IS NO LONGER EFFECTIVE.
80. "TRANSMITTING UTILITY" MEANS A PERSON PRIMARILY ENGAGED IN THE
BUSINESS OF:
(a)
OPERATING A RAILROAD, SUBWAY, STREET RAILWAY OR TROLLEY BUS;
(b)
TRANSMITTING COMMUNICATIONS ELECTRICALLY, ELECTROMAGNETICALLY OR BY LIGHT;
(c)
TRANSMITTING GOODS BY PIPELINE OR SEWER; OR
(d)
TRANSMITTING OR PRODUCING AND TRANSMITTING ELECTRICITY, STEAM, GAS OR WATER.
B. THE FOLLOWING DEFINITIONS IN OTHER SECTIONS APPLY TO THIS CHAPTER:
1. "APPLICANT"
|
SECTION 47-5102
|
2. "BENEFICIARY"
|
SECTION 47-5102
|
3. "BROKER"
|
SECTION 47-8102
|
4. "CERTIFICATED SECURITY"
|
SECTION 47-8102
|
5. "CHECK"
|
SECTION 47-3104
|
6. "CLEARING CORPORATION"
|
SECTION 47-8102
|
7. "CONTRACT FOR SALE"
|
SECTION 47-2106
|
8. "CUSTOMER"
|
SECTION 47-4104
|
9. "ENTITLEMENT HOLDER"
|
SECTION 47-8102
|
10. "FINANCIAL ASSET"
|
SECTION 47-8102
|
11. "HOLDER IN DUE COURSE"
|
SECTION 47-3302
|
12. "ISSUER" (WITH RESPECT TO A LETTER OF
CREDIT OR LETTER-OF-CREDIT RIGHT)
|
SECTION 47-5102
|
13. "ISSUER" (WITH RESPECT TO A SECURITY)
|
SECTION 47-8201
|
14. "LEASE"
|
SECTION 47-2A103
|
15. "LEASE AGREEMENT"
|
SECTION 47-2A103
|
16. "LEASE CONTRACT"
|
SECTION 47-2A103
|
17. "LEASEHOLD INTEREST"
|
SECTION 47-2A103
|
18. "LESSEE"
|
SECTION 47-2A103
|
19. "LESSEE IN ORDINARY COURSE OF
BUSINESS"
|
SECTION 47-2A103
|
20. "LESSOR"
|
SECTION 47-2A103
|
21. "LESSOR'S RESIDUAL INTEREST"
|
SECTION 47-2A103
|
22. "LETTER OF CREDIT"
|
SECTION 47-5102
|
23. "MERCHANT"
|
SECTION 47-2104
|
24. "NEGOTIABLE INSTRUMENT"
|
SECTION 47-3104
|
25. "NOMINATED PERSON"
|
SECTION 47-5102
|
26. "NOTE"
|
SECTION 47-3104
|
27. "PROCEEDS OF A LETTER OF CREDIT"
|
SECTION 47-5114
|
28. "PROVE"
|
SECTION 47-3103
|
29. "SALE"
|
SECTION 47-2106
|
30. "SECURITIES ACCOUNT"
|
SECTION 47-8501
|
31. "SECURITIES INTERMEDIARY"
|
SECTION 47-8102
|
32. "SECURITY"
|
SECTION 47-8102
|
33. "SECURITY CERTIFICATE"
|
SECTION 47-8102
|
34. "SECURITY ENTITLEMENT"
|
SECTION 47-8102
|
35. "UNCERTIFICATED SECURITY"
|
SECTION 47-8102
|
C. IN ADDITION CHAPTER 1 OF THIS TITLE CONTAINS GENERAL DEFINITIONS
AND PRINCIPLES OF CONSTRUCTION AND INTERPRETATION APPLICABLE THROUGHOUT THIS
CHAPTER.
47-9103
.
Purchase money security interest; application of payments; burden of establishing
A. IN THIS SECTION:
1. "PURCHASE MONEY COLLATERAL" MEANS GOODS OR SOFTWARE THAT SECURES
A PURCHASE MONEY OBLIGATION INCURRED WITH RESPECT TO THAT COLLATERAL.
2. "PURCHASE MONEY OBLIGATION" MEANS AN OBLIGATION OF AN OBLIGOR
INCURRED AS ALL OR PART OF THE PRICE OF THE COLLATERAL OR FOR VALUE GIVEN TO
ENABLE THE DEBTOR TO ACQUIRE RIGHTS IN OR THE USE OF THE COLLATERAL IF THE
VALUE IS IN FACT SO USED.
B. A SECURITY INTEREST IN GOODS IS A PURCHASE MONEY SECURITY INTEREST:
1. TO THE EXTENT THAT THE GOODS ARE PURCHASE MONEY COLLATERAL WITH
RESPECT TO THAT SECURITY INTEREST;
2. IF THE SECURITY INTEREST IS IN INVENTORY THAT IS OR WAS PURCHASE
MONEY COLLATERAL, ALSO TO THE EXTENT THAT THE SECURITY INTEREST SECURES A PURCHASE MONEY OBLIGATION INCURRED WITH RESPECT TO OTHER INVENTORY IN WHICH
THE SECURED PARTY HOLDS OR HELD A PURCHASE MONEY SECURITY INTEREST; AND
3. ALSO TO THE EXTENT THAT THE SECURITY INTEREST SECURES A PURCHASE
MONEY OBLIGATION INCURRED WITH RESPECT TO SOFTWARE IN WHICH THE SECURED PARTY
HOLDS OR HELD A PURCHASE MONEY SECURITY INTEREST.
C. A SECURITY INTEREST IN SOFTWARE IS A PURCHASE MONEY SECURITY
INTEREST TO THE EXTENT THAT THE SECURITY INTEREST ALSO SECURES A PURCHASE
MONEY OBLIGATION INCURRED WITH RESPECT TO GOODS IN WHICH THE SECURED PARTY
HOLDS OR HELD A PURCHASE MONEY SECURITY INTEREST IF:
1. THE DEBTOR ACQUIRED ITS INTEREST IN THE SOFTWARE IN AN INTEGRATED
TRANSACTION IN WHICH IT ACQUIRED AN INTEREST IN THE GOODS; AND
2. THE DEBTOR ACQUIRED ITS INTEREST IN THE SOFTWARE FOR THE PRINCIPAL
PURPOSE OF USING THE SOFTWARE IN THE GOODS.
D. THE SECURITY INTEREST OF A CONSIGNOR IN GOODS THAT ARE THE SUBJECT
OF A CONSIGNMENT IS A PURCHASE MONEY SECURITY INTEREST IN INVENTORY.
E. IN A TRANSACTION OTHER THAN A CONSUMER GOODS TRANSACTION, IF THE
EXTENT TO WHICH A SECURITY INTEREST IS A PURCHASE MONEY SECURITY INTEREST
DEPENDS ON THE APPLICATION OF A PAYMENT TO A PARTICULAR OBLIGATION, THE
PAYMENT MUST BE APPLIED:
1. IN ACCORDANCE WITH ANY REASONABLE METHOD OF APPLICATION TO WHICH
THE PARTIES AGREE;
2. IN THE ABSENCE OF THE PARTIES' AGREEMENT TO A REASONABLE METHOD,
IN ACCORDANCE WITH ANY INTENTION OF THE OBLIGOR MANIFESTED AT OR BEFORE THE
TIME OF PAYMENT; OR
3. IN THE ABSENCE OF AN AGREEMENT TO A REASONABLE METHOD AND A TIMELY
MANIFESTATION OF THE OBLIGOR'S INTENTION, IN THE FOLLOWING ORDER:
(a)
TO OBLIGATIONS THAT ARE NOT SECURED; AND
(b)
IF MORE THAN ONE OBLIGATION IS SECURED, TO OBLIGATIONS SECURED BY PURCHASE MONEY SECURITY INTERESTS IN THE ORDER IN WHICH THOSE OBLIGATIONS
WERE INCURRED.
F. IN A TRANSACTION OTHER THAN A CONSUMER GOODS TRANSACTION, A
PURCHASE MONEY SECURITY INTEREST DOES NOT LOSE ITS STATUS AS SUCH, EVEN IF:
1. THE PURCHASE MONEY COLLATERAL ALSO SECURES AN OBLIGATION THAT IS
NOT A PURCHASE MONEY OBLIGATION;
2. COLLATERAL THAT IS NOT PURCHASE MONEY COLLATERAL ALSO SECURES THE
PURCHASE MONEY OBLIGATION; OR
3. THE PURCHASE MONEY OBLIGATION HAS BEEN RENEWED, REFINANCED,
CONSOLIDATED OR RESTRUCTURED.
G. IN A TRANSACTION OTHER THAN A CONSUMER GOODS TRANSACTION, A SECURED
PARTY CLAIMING A PURCHASE MONEY SECURITY INTEREST HAS THE BURDEN OF
ESTABLISHING THE EXTENT TO WHICH THE SECURITY INTEREST IS A PURCHASE MONEY
SECURITY INTEREST.
H. THE LIMITATION OF THE RULES IN SUBSECTIONS E, F AND G TO
TRANSACTIONS OTHER THAN CONSUMER GOODS TRANSACTIONS IS INTENDED TO LEAVE TO
THE COURT THE DETERMINATION OF THE PROPER RULES IN CONSUMER GOODS
TRANSACTIONS. THE COURT MAY NOT INFER FROM THAT LIMITATION THE NATURE OF THE
PROPER RULE IN CONSUMER GOODS TRANSACTIONS AND MAY CONTINUE TO APPLY
ESTABLISHED APPROACHES.
47-9104
.
Control of deposit account
A. A SECURED PARTY HAS CONTROL OF A DEPOSIT ACCOUNT IF:
1. THE SECURED PARTY IS THE BANK WITH WHICH THE DEPOSIT ACCOUNT IS
MAINTAINED;
2. THE DEBTOR, SECURED PARTY AND BANK HAVE AGREED IN AN AUTHENTICATED
RECORD THAT THE BANK WILL COMPLY WITH INSTRUCTIONS ORIGINATED BY THE SECURED
PARTY DIRECTING DISPOSITION OF THE FUNDS IN THE ACCOUNT WITHOUT FURTHER
CONSENT BY THE DEBTOR; OR
3. THE SECURED PARTY BECOMES THE BANK'S CUSTOMER WITH RESPECT TO THE
DEPOSIT ACCOUNT.
B. A SECURED PARTY THAT HAS SATISFIED SUBSECTION A HAS CONTROL, EVEN
IF THE DEBTOR RETAINS THE RIGHT TO DIRECT THE DISPOSITION OF FUNDS FROM THE
DEPOSIT ACCOUNT.
47-9105
.
Control of electronic chattel paper
A SECURED PARTY HAS CONTROL OF ELECTRONIC CHATTEL PAPER IF THE RECORD OR RECORDS COMPRISING THE CHATTEL PAPER ARE CREATED, STORED AND ASSIGNED IN
SUCH A MANNER THAT:
1. A SINGLE AUTHORITATIVE COPY OF THE RECORD OR RECORDS EXISTS THAT
IS UNIQUE, IDENTIFIABLE AND, EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE PROVIDED IN PARAGRAPHS 4,
5 AND 6, UNALTERABLE;
2. THE AUTHORITATIVE COPY IDENTIFIES THE SECURED PARTY AS THE ASSIGNEE
OF THE RECORD OR RECORDS;
3. THE AUTHORITATIVE COPY IS COMMUNICATED TO AND MAINTAINED BY THE
SECURED PARTY OR ITS DESIGNATED CUSTODIAN;
4. COPIES OR REVISIONS THAT ADD OR CHANGE AN IDENTIFIED ASSIGNEE OF
THE AUTHORITATIVE COPY CAN BE MADE ONLY WITH THE PARTICIPATION OF THE SECURED
PARTY;
5. EACH COPY OF THE AUTHORITATIVE COPY AND ANY COPY OF A COPY IS
READILY IDENTIFIABLE AS A COPY THAT IS NOT THE AUTHORITATIVE COPY; AND
6. ANY REVISION OF THE AUTHORITATIVE COPY IS READILY IDENTIFIABLE AS
AN AUTHORIZED OR UNAUTHORIZED REVISION.
47-9106
.
Control of investment property
A. A PERSON HAS CONTROL OF A CERTIFICATED SECURITY, UNCERTIFICATED SECURITY OR SECURITY ENTITLEMENT AS PROVIDED IN SECTION 47-8106.
B. A SECURED PARTY HAS CONTROL OF A COMMODITY CONTRACT IF:
1. THE SECURED PARTY IS THE COMMODITY INTERMEDIARY WITH WHICH THE
COMMODITY CONTRACT IS CARRIED; OR
2. THE COMMODITY CUSTOMER, SECURED PARTY AND COMMODITY INTERMEDIARY
HAVE AGREED THAT THE COMMODITY INTERMEDIARY WILL APPLY ANY VALUE DISTRIBUTED
ON ACCOUNT OF THE COMMODITY CONTRACT AS DIRECTED BY THE SECURED PARTY WITHOUT
FURTHER CONSENT BY THE COMMODITY CUSTOMER.
C. A SECURED PARTY HAVING CONTROL OF ALL SECURITY ENTITLEMENTS OR
COMMODITY CONTRACTS CARRIED IN A SECURITIES ACCOUNT OR COMMODITY ACCOUNT HAS
CONTROL OVER THE SECURITIES ACCOUNT OR COMMODITY ACCOUNT.
47-9107
.
Control of letter-of-credit right
A SECURED PARTY HAS CONTROL OF A LETTER-OF-CREDIT RIGHT TO THE EXTENT OF ANY RIGHT TO PAYMENT OR PERFORMANCE BY THE ISSUER OR ANY NOMINATED PERSON
IF THE ISSUER OR NOMINATED PERSON HAS CONSENTED TO AN ASSIGNMENT OF PROCEEDS
OF THE LETTER OF CREDIT UNDER SECTION 47-5114, SUBSECTION C OR OTHERWISE
APPLICABLE LAW OR PRACTICE.
47-9108
.
Sufficiency of description
A. EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE PROVIDED IN SUBSECTIONS C, D AND E, A DESCRIPTION OF PERSONAL OR REAL PROPERTY IS SUFFICIENT, WHETHER OR NOT IT IS
SPECIFIC, IF IT REASONABLY IDENTIFIES WHAT IS DESCRIBED.
B. EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE PROVIDED IN SUBSECTION D, A DESCRIPTION OF
COLLATERAL REASONABLY IDENTIFIES THE COLLATERAL IF IT IDENTIFIES THE
COLLATERAL BY:
1. SPECIFIC LISTING;
2. CATEGORY;
3. EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE PROVIDED IN SUBSECTION E, A TYPE OF COLLATERAL
DEFINED IN THIS TITLE;
4. QUANTITY;
5. COMPUTATIONAL OR ALLOCATIONAL FORMULA OR PROCEDURE; OR
6. EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE PROVIDED IN SUBSECTION C, ANY OTHER METHOD, IF
THE IDENTITY OF THE COLLATERAL IS OBJECTIVELY DETERMINABLE.
C. A DESCRIPTION OF COLLATERAL AS "ALL THE DEBTOR'S ASSETS" OR "ALL
THE DEBTOR'S PERSONAL PROPERTY" OR USING WORDS OF SIMILAR IMPORT DOES NOT
REASONABLY IDENTIFY THE COLLATERAL.
D. EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE PROVIDED IN SUBSECTION E, A DESCRIPTION OF A
SECURITY ENTITLEMENT, SECURITIES ACCOUNT OR COMMODITY ACCOUNT IS SUFFICIENT
IF IT DESCRIBES:
1. THE COLLATERAL BY THOSE TERMS OR AS INVESTMENT PROPERTY; OR
2. THE UNDERLYING FINANCIAL ASSET OR COMMODITY CONTRACT.
E. A DESCRIPTION ONLY BY TYPE OF COLLATERAL DEFINED IN THIS TITLE IS
AN INSUFFICIENT DESCRIPTION OF:
1. A COMMERCIAL TORT CLAIM; OR
2. IN A CONSUMER TRANSACTION, CONSUMER GOODS, A SECURITY ENTITLEMENT,
A SECURITIES ACCOUNT OR A COMMODITY ACCOUNT.
47-9109
.
Scope
A. EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE PROVIDED IN SUBSECTIONS C AND D OF THIS SECTION, THIS CHAPTER APPLIES TO:
1. A TRANSACTION, REGARDLESS OF ITS FORM, THAT CREATES A SECURITY
INTEREST IN PERSONAL PROPERTY OR FIXTURES BY CONTRACT;
2. AN AGRICULTURAL LIEN;
3. A SALE OF ACCOUNTS, CHATTEL PAPER, PAYMENT INTANGIBLES OR
PROMISSORY NOTES;
4. A CONSIGNMENT;
5. A SECURITY INTEREST ARISING UNDER SECTION 47-2401 OR 47-2505 OR
SECTION 47-2711, SUBSECTION C OR SECTION 47-2A508, SUBSECTION E, AS PROVIDED
IN SECTION 47-9110; AND
6. A SECURITY INTEREST ARISING UNDER SECTION 47-4210 OR 47-5118.
B. THE APPLICATION OF THIS ARTICLE TO A SECURITY INTEREST IN A SECURED
OBLIGATION IS NOT AFFECTED BY THE FACT THAT THE OBLIGATION IS ITSELF SECURED
BY A TRANSACTION OR INTEREST TO WHICH THIS CHAPTER DOES NOT APPLY.
C. THIS CHAPTER DOES NOT APPLY TO THE EXTENT THAT:
1. A STATUTE, REGULATION OR TREATY OF THE UNITED STATES PREEMPTS THIS
ARTICLE;
2. ANOTHER STATUTE OF THIS STATE EXPRESSLY GOVERNS THE CREATION,
PERFECTION, PRIORITY OR ENFORCEMENT OF A SECURITY INTEREST CREATED BY THIS
STATE OR A GOVERNMENTAL UNIT OF THIS STATE;
3. A STATUTE OF ANOTHER STATE, A FOREIGN COUNTRY OR A GOVERNMENTAL
UNIT OF ANOTHER STATE OR A FOREIGN COUNTRY, OTHER THAN A STATUTE GENERALLY
APPLICABLE TO SECURITY INTERESTS, EXPRESSLY GOVERNS CREATION, PERFECTION,
PRIORITY OR ENFORCEMENT OF A SECURITY INTEREST CREATED BY THAT STATE, COUNTRY
OR GOVERNMENTAL UNIT; OR
4. THE RIGHTS OF A TRANSFEREE BENEFICIARY OR NOMINATED PERSON UNDER
A LETTER OF CREDIT ARE INDEPENDENT AND SUPERIOR UNDER SECTION 47-5114.
D. THIS CHAPTER DOES NOT APPLY TO:
1. A LANDLORD'S LIEN, OTHER THAN AN AGRICULTURAL LIEN;
2. A LIEN, OTHER THAN AN AGRICULTURAL LIEN, GIVEN BY STATUTE OR OTHER
RULE OF LAW FOR SERVICES OR MATERIALS, BUT SECTION 47-9333 APPLIES WITH
RESPECT TO PRIORITY OF THE LIEN;
3. AN ASSIGNMENT OF A CLAIM FOR WAGES, SALARY OR OTHER COMPENSATION
OF AN EMPLOYEE;
4. A SALE OF ACCOUNTS, CHATTEL PAPER, PAYMENT INTANGIBLES OR
PROMISSORY NOTES AS PART OF A SALE OF THE BUSINESS OUT OF WHICH THEY AROSE;
5. AN ASSIGNMENT OF ACCOUNTS, CHATTEL PAPER, PAYMENT INTANGIBLES OR
PROMISSORY NOTES THAT IS FOR THE PURPOSE OF COLLECTION ONLY;
6. AN ASSIGNMENT OF A RIGHT TO PAYMENT UNDER A CONTRACT TO AN ASSIGNEE
THAT IS ALSO OBLIGATED TO PERFORM UNDER THE CONTRACT;
7. AN ASSIGNMENT OF A SINGLE ACCOUNT, PAYMENT INTANGIBLE OR PROMISSORY
NOTE TO AN ASSIGNEE IN FULL OR PARTIAL SATISFACTION OF A PREEXISTING
INDEBTEDNESS;
8. A TRANSFER OF AN INTEREST IN OR AN ASSIGNMENT OF A CLAIM UNDER A
POLICY OF INSURANCE, OTHER THAN AN ASSIGNMENT BY OR TO A HEALTH CARE PROVIDER OF A HEALTH-CARE-INSURANCE RECEIVABLE AND ANY SUBSEQUENT ASSIGNMENT OF THE
RIGHT TO PAYMENT, BUT SECTIONS 47-9315 AND 47-9322 APPLY WITH RESPECT TO
PROCEEDS AND PRIORITIES IN PROCEEDS;
9. AN ASSIGNMENT OF A RIGHT REPRESENTED BY A JUDGMENT, OTHER THAN A
JUDGMENT TAKEN ON A RIGHT TO PAYMENT THAT WAS COLLATERAL;
10. A RIGHT OF RECOUPMENT OR SETOFF, BUT:
(a)
SECTION 47-9340 APPLIES WITH RESPECT TO THE EFFECTIVENESS OF RIGHTS OF RECOUPMENT OR SETOFF AGAINST DEPOSIT ACCOUNTS; AND
(b)
SECTION 47-9404 APPLIES WITH RESPECT TO DEFENSES OR CLAIMS OF AN ACCOUNT DEBTOR;
11. THE CREATION OR TRANSFER OF AN INTEREST IN OR LIEN ON REAL
PROPERTY, INCLUDING A LEASE OR RENTS THEREUNDER, EXCEPT TO THE EXTENT THAT
PROVISION IS MADE FOR:
(a)
LIENS ON REAL PROPERTY IN SECTIONS 47-9203 AND 47-9308;
(b)
FIXTURES IN SECTION 47-9334;
(c)
FIXTURE FILINGS IN SECTIONS 47-9501, 47-9502, 47-9512, 47-9516 AND 47-9519; AND
(d)
SECURITY AGREEMENTS COVERING PERSONAL AND REAL PROPERTY IN SECTION 47-9604;
12. AN ASSIGNMENT OF A CLAIM ARISING IN TORT, OTHER THAN A COMMERCIAL
TORT CLAIM, BUT SECTIONS 47-9315 AND 47-9322 APPLY WITH RESPECT TO PROCEEDS
AND PRIORITIES IN PROCEEDS; OR
13. AN ASSIGNMENT OF A DEPOSIT ACCOUNT IN A CONSUMER TRANSACTION, BUT
SECTIONS 47-9315 AND 47-9322 APPLY WITH RESPECT TO PROCEEDS AND PRIORITIES
IN PROCEEDS.
47-9110
.
Security interests arising under sales and leases
A SECURITY INTEREST ARISING UNDER SECTION 47-2401 OR 47-2505 OR SECTION 47-2711, SUBSECTION C OR SECTION 47-2A508, SUBSECTION E IS SUBJECT TO THIS
CHAPTER. HOWEVER, UNTIL THE DEBTOR OBTAINS POSSESSION OF THE GOODS:
1. THE SECURITY INTEREST IS ENFORCEABLE, EVEN IF SECTION 47-9203,
SUBSECTION B, PARAGRAPH 3 HAS NOT BEEN SATISFIED;
2. FILING IS NOT REQUIRED TO PERFECT THE SECURITY INTEREST;
3. THE RIGHTS OF THE SECURED PARTY AFTER DEFAULT BY THE DEBTOR ARE
GOVERNED BY CHAPTER 2 OR 2A OF THIS TITLE; AND
4. THE SECURITY INTEREST HAS PRIORITY OVER A CONFLICTING SECURITY
INTEREST CREATED BY THE DEBTOR.
Article 2. Effectiveness of security agreement,
attachment of security interest and
rights of parties to security agreement
47-9201
.
General effectiveness of security agreement
A. EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE PROVIDED IN THIS TITLE, A SECURITY AGREEMENT IS EFFECTIVE ACCORDING TO ITS TERMS BETWEEN THE PARTIES, AGAINST PURCHASERS
OF THE COLLATERAL AND AGAINST CREDITORS.
B. A TRANSACTION SUBJECT TO THIS CHAPTER IS SUBJECT TO ANY APPLICABLE
RULE OF LAW THAT ESTABLISHES A DIFFERENT RULE FOR CONSUMERS AND ANY OTHER
STATUTE OR RULE THAT REGULATES THE RATES, CHARGES, AGREEMENTS AND PRACTICES
FOR LOANS, CREDIT SALES OR OTHER EXTENSIONS OF CREDIT AND ANY CONSUMER
PROTECTION STATUTE OR RULE.
C. IN CASE OF CONFLICT BETWEEN THIS CHAPTER AND A RULE OF LAW, STATUTE
OR OTHER RULE DESCRIBED IN SUBSECTION B, THE RULE OF LAW, STATUTE OR OTHER
RULE CONTROLS. FAILURE TO COMPLY WITH A STATUTE OR RULE DESCRIBED IN
SUBSECTION B HAS ONLY THE EFFECT THE STATUTE OR RULE SPECIFIES.
D. THIS CHAPTER DOES NOT:
1. VALIDATE ANY RATE, CHARGE, AGREEMENT OR PRACTICE THAT VIOLATES A
RULE OF LAW, STATUTE OR OTHER RULE DESCRIBED IN SUBSECTION B; OR
2. EXTEND THE APPLICATION OF THE RULE OF LAW, STATUTE OR OTHER RULE
TO A TRANSACTION NOT OTHERWISE SUBJECT TO IT.
47-9202
.
Title to collateral immaterial
EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE PROVIDED WITH RESPECT TO CONSIGNMENTS OR SALES OF ACCOUNTS, CHATTEL PAPER, PAYMENT INTANGIBLES OR PROMISSORY NOTES, THE
PROVISIONS OF THIS CHAPTER WITH REGARD TO RIGHTS AND OBLIGATIONS APPLY
WHETHER TITLE TO COLLATERAL IS IN THE SECURED PARTY OR THE DEBTOR.
47-9203
.
Attachment and enforceability of security interest; proceeds; supporting obligations; formal requisites
A. A SECURITY INTEREST ATTACHES TO COLLATERAL WHEN IT BECOMES ENFORCEABLE AGAINST THE DEBTOR WITH RESPECT TO THE COLLATERAL, UNLESS AN
AGREEMENT EXPRESSLY POSTPONES THE TIME OF ATTACHMENT.
B. EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE PROVIDED IN SUBSECTIONS C THROUGH I OF THIS
SECTION, A SECURITY INTEREST IS ENFORCEABLE AGAINST THE DEBTOR AND THIRD
PARTIES WITH RESPECT TO THE COLLATERAL ONLY IF:
1. VALUE HAS BEEN GIVEN;
2. THE DEBTOR HAS RIGHTS IN THE COLLATERAL OR THE POWER TO TRANSFER
RIGHTS IN THE COLLATERAL TO A SECURED PARTY; AND
3. ONE OF THE FOLLOWING CONDITIONS IS MET:
(a)
THE DEBTOR HAS AUTHENTICATED A SECURITY AGREEMENT THAT PROVIDES A DESCRIPTION OF THE COLLATERAL AND, IF THE SECURITY INTEREST COVERS TIMBER
TO BE CUT, A DESCRIPTION OF THE LAND CONCERNED;
(b)
THE COLLATERAL IS NOT A CERTIFICATED SECURITY AND IS IN THE POSSESSION OF THE SECURED PARTY UNDER SECTION 47-9313 PURSUANT TO THE
DEBTOR'S SECURITY AGREEMENT;
(c)
THE COLLATERAL IS A CERTIFICATED SECURITY IN REGISTERED FORM AND THE SECURITY CERTIFICATE HAS BEEN DELIVERED TO THE SECURED PARTY UNDER
SECTION 47-8301 PURSUANT TO THE DEBTOR'S SECURITY AGREEMENT; OR
(d)
THE COLLATERAL IS DEPOSIT ACCOUNTS, ELECTRONIC CHATTEL PAPER, INVESTMENT PROPERTY OR LETTER-OF-CREDIT RIGHTS, AND THE SECURED PARTY HAS CONTROL UNDER SECTION 47-9104, 47-9105, 47-9106 OR 47-9107 PURSUANT TO THE
DEBTOR'S SECURITY AGREEMENT.
C. SUBSECTION B OF THIS SECTION IS SUBJECT TO SECTION 47-4210 ON THE
SECURITY INTEREST OF A COLLECTING BANK, SECTION 47-5118 ON THE SECURITY
INTEREST OF A LETTER-OF-CREDIT ISSUER OR NOMINATED PERSON, SECTION 47-9110
ON A SECURITY INTEREST ARISING UNDER CHAPTER 2 OR 2A OF THIS TITLE, AND
SECTION 47-9206 ON SECURITY INTERESTS IN INVESTMENT PROPERTY.
D. A PERSON BECOMES BOUND AS DEBTOR BY A SECURITY AGREEMENT ENTERED
INTO BY ANOTHER PERSON IF, BY OPERATION OF LAW OTHER THAN THIS CHAPTER OR BY
CONTRACT:
1. THE SECURITY AGREEMENT BECOMES EFFECTIVE TO CREATE A SECURITY
INTEREST IN THE PERSON'S PROPERTY; OR
2. THE PERSON BECOMES GENERALLY OBLIGATED FOR THE OBLIGATIONS OF THE
OTHER PERSON, INCLUDING THE OBLIGATION SECURED UNDER THE SECURITY AGREEMENT,
AND ACQUIRES OR SUCCEEDS TO ALL OR SUBSTANTIALLY ALL OF THE ASSETS OF THE
OTHER PERSON.
E. IF A NEW DEBTOR BECOMES BOUND AS DEBTOR BY A SECURITY AGREEMENT
ENTERED INTO BY ANOTHER PERSON:
1. THE AGREEMENT SATISFIES SUBSECTION B, PARAGRAPH 3 OF THIS SECTION
WITH RESPECT TO EXISTING OR AFTER-ACQUIRED PROPERTY OF THE NEW DEBTOR TO THE
EXTENT THE PROPERTY IS DESCRIBED IN THE AGREEMENT; AND
2. ANOTHER AGREEMENT IS NOT NECESSARY TO MAKE A SECURITY INTEREST IN
THE PROPERTY ENFORCEABLE.
F. THE ATTACHMENT OF A SECURITY INTEREST IN COLLATERAL GIVES THE
SECURED PARTY THE RIGHTS TO PROCEEDS PROVIDED BY SECTION 47-9315 AND IS ALSO
ATTACHMENT OF A SECURITY INTEREST IN A SUPPORTING OBLIGATION FOR THE
COLLATERAL.
G. THE ATTACHMENT OF A SECURITY INTEREST IN A RIGHT TO PAYMENT OR
PERFORMANCE SECURED BY A SECURITY INTEREST OR OTHER LIEN ON PERSONAL OR REAL
PROPERTY IS ALSO ATTACHMENT OF A SECURITY INTEREST IN THE SECURITY INTEREST,
MORTGAGE OR OTHER LIEN.
H. THE ATTACHMENT OF A SECURITY INTEREST IN A SECURITIES ACCOUNT IS
ALSO ATTACHMENT OF A SECURITY INTEREST IN THE SECURITY ENTITLEMENTS CARRIED
IN THE SECURITIES ACCOUNT.
I. THE ATTACHMENT OF A SECURITY INTEREST IN A COMMODITY ACCOUNT IS
ALSO ATTACHMENT OF A SECURITY INTEREST IN THE COMMODITY CONTRACTS CARRIED IN
THE COMMODITY ACCOUNT.
47-9204
.
After-acquired property; future advances
A. EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE PROVIDED IN SUBSECTION B, A SECURITY AGREEMENT MAY CREATE OR PROVIDE FOR A SECURITY INTEREST IN AFTER-ACQUIRED COLLATERAL.
B. A SECURITY INTEREST DOES NOT ATTACH UNDER A TERM CONSTITUTING AN
AFTER-ACQUIRED PROPERTY CLAUSE TO:
1. CONSUMER GOODS, OTHER THAN AN ACCESSION WHEN GIVEN AS ADDITIONAL
SECURITY, UNLESS THE DEBTOR ACQUIRES RIGHTS IN THEM WITHIN TEN DAYS AFTER THE
SECURED PARTY GIVES VALUE; OR
2. A COMMERCIAL TORT CLAIM.
C. A SECURITY AGREEMENT MAY PROVIDE THAT COLLATERAL SECURES, OR THAT
ACCOUNTS, CHATTEL PAPER, PAYMENT INTANGIBLES OR PROMISSORY NOTES ARE SOLD IN
CONNECTION WITH, FUTURE ADVANCES OR OTHER VALUE, WHETHER OR NOT THE ADVANCES
OR VALUE ARE GIVEN PURSUANT TO COMMITMENT.
47-9205
.
Use or disposition of collateral permissible
A. A SECURITY INTEREST IS NOT INVALID OR FRAUDULENT AGAINST CREDITORS SOLELY BECAUSE:
1. THE DEBTOR HAS THE RIGHT OR ABILITY TO:
(a)
USE, COMMINGLE OR DISPOSE OF ALL OR PART OF THE COLLATERAL, INCLUDING RETURNED OR REPOSSESSED GOODS;
(b)
COLLECT, COMPROMISE, ENFORCE OR OTHERWISE DEAL WITH COLLATERAL;
(c)
ACCEPT THE RETURN OF COLLATERAL OR MAKE REPOSSESSIONS; OR
(d)
USE, COMMINGLE OR DISPOSE OF PROCEEDS; OR
2. THE SECURED PARTY FAILS TO REQUIRE THE DEBTOR TO ACCOUNT FOR
PROCEEDS OR REPLACE COLLATERAL.
B. THIS SECTION DOES NOT RELAX THE REQUIREMENTS OF POSSESSION IF
ATTACHMENT, PERFECTION OR ENFORCEMENT OF A SECURITY INTEREST DEPENDS ON
POSSESSION OF THE COLLATERAL BY THE SECURED PARTY.
47-9206
.
Security interest arising in purchase or delivery of financial asset
A. A SECURITY INTEREST IN FAVOR OF A SECURITIES INTERMEDIARY ATTACHES TO A PERSON'S SECURITY ENTITLEMENT IF:
1. THE PERSON BUYS A FINANCIAL ASSET THROUGH THE SECURITIES
INTERMEDIARY IN A TRANSACTION IN WHICH THE PERSON IS OBLIGATED TO PAY THE
PURCHASE PRICE TO THE SECURITIES INTERMEDIARY AT THE TIME OF THE PURCHASE;
AND
2. THE SECURITIES INTERMEDIARY CREDITS THE FINANCIAL ASSET TO THE
BUYER'S SECURITIES ACCOUNT BEFORE THE BUYER PAYS THE SECURITIES INTERMEDIARY.
B. THE SECURITY INTEREST DESCRIBED IN SUBSECTION A SECURES THE
PERSON'S OBLIGATION TO PAY FOR THE FINANCIAL ASSET.
C. A SECURITY INTEREST IN FAVOR OF A PERSON THAT DELIVERS A
CERTIFICATED SECURITY OR OTHER FINANCIAL ASSET REPRESENTED BY A WRITING
ATTACHES TO THE SECURITY OR OTHER FINANCIAL ASSET IF:
1. THE SECURITY OR OTHER FINANCIAL ASSET:
(a)
IN THE ORDINARY COURSE OF BUSINESS IS TRANSFERRED BY DELIVERY WITH ANY NECESSARY INDORSEMENT OR ASSIGNMENT; AND
(b)
IS DELIVERED UNDER AN AGREEMENT BETWEEN PERSONS IN THE BUSINESS OF DEALING WITH SUCH SECURITIES OR FINANCIAL ASSETS; AND
2. THE AGREEMENT CALLS FOR DELIVERY AGAINST PAYMENT.
D. THE SECURITY INTEREST DESCRIBED IN SUBSECTION C SECURES THE
OBLIGATION TO MAKE PAYMENT FOR THE DELIVERY.
47-9207
.
Rights and duties of secured party having possession or control of collateral
A. EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE PROVIDED IN SUBSECTION D OF THIS SECTION, A SECURED PARTY SHALL USE REASONABLE CARE IN THE CUSTODY AND PRESERVATION OF
COLLATERAL IN THE SECURED PARTY'S POSSESSION. IN THE CASE OF CHATTEL PAPER
OR AN INSTRUMENT, REASONABLE CARE INCLUDES TAKING NECESSARY STEPS TO PRESERVE
RIGHTS AGAINST PRIOR PARTIES UNLESS OTHERWISE AGREED.
B. EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE PROVIDED IN SUBSECTION D OF THIS SECTION, IF
A SECURED PARTY HAS POSSESSION OF COLLATERAL:
1. REASONABLE EXPENSES, INCLUDING THE COST OF INSURANCE AND PAYMENT
OF TAXES OR OTHER CHARGES, INCURRED IN THE CUSTODY, PRESERVATION, USE OR
OPERATION OF THE COLLATERAL ARE CHARGEABLE TO THE DEBTOR AND ARE SECURED BY
THE COLLATERAL;
2. THE RISK OF ACCIDENTAL LOSS OR DAMAGE IS ON THE DEBTOR TO THE
EXTENT OF A DEFICIENCY IN ANY EFFECTIVE INSURANCE COVERAGE;
3. THE SECURED PARTY SHALL KEEP THE COLLATERAL IDENTIFIABLE, BUT
FUNGIBLE COLLATERAL MAY BE COMMINGLED; AND
4. THE SECURED PARTY MAY USE OR OPERATE THE COLLATERAL:
(a)
FOR THE PURPOSE OF PRESERVING THE COLLATERAL OR ITS VALUE;
(b)
AS PERMITTED BY AN ORDER OF A COURT HAVING COMPETENT JURISDICTION; OR
(c)
EXCEPT IN THE CASE OF CONSUMER GOODS, IN THE MANNER AND TO THE EXTENT AGREED BY THE DEBTOR.
C. EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE PROVIDED IN SUBSECTION D OF THIS SECTION, A
SECURED PARTY HAVING POSSESSION OF COLLATERAL OR CONTROL OF COLLATERAL UNDER
SECTION 47-9104, 47-9105, 47-9106 OR 47-9107:
1. MAY HOLD AS ADDITIONAL SECURITY ANY PROCEEDS, EXCEPT MONEY OR
FUNDS, RECEIVED FROM THE COLLATERAL;
2. SHALL APPLY MONEY OR FUNDS RECEIVED FROM THE COLLATERAL TO REDUCE
THE SECURED OBLIGATION, UNLESS REMITTED TO THE DEBTOR; AND
3. MAY CREATE A SECURITY INTEREST IN THE COLLATERAL.
D. IF THE SECURED PARTY IS A BUYER OF ACCOUNTS, CHATTEL PAPER, PAYMENT
INTANGIBLES OR PROMISSORY NOTES OR A CONSIGNOR:
1. SUBSECTION A OF THIS SECTION DOES NOT APPLY UNLESS THE SECURED
PARTY IS ENTITLED UNDER AN AGREEMENT:
(a)
TO CHARGE BACK UNCOLLECTED COLLATERAL; OR
(b)
OTHERWISE TO FULL OR LIMITED RECOURSE AGAINST THE DEBTOR OR A SECONDARY OBLIGOR BASED ON THE NONPAYMENT OR OTHER DEFAULT OF AN ACCOUNT
DEBTOR OR OTHER OBLIGOR ON THE COLLATERAL; AND
2. SUBSECTIONS B AND C OF THIS SECTION DO NOT APPLY.
47-9208
.
Additional duties of secured party having control of collateral
A. THIS SECTION APPLIES TO CASES IN WHICH THERE IS NO OUTSTANDING SECURED OBLIGATION AND THE SECURED PARTY IS NOT COMMITTED TO MAKE ADVANCES,
INCUR OBLIGATIONS OR OTHERWISE GIVE VALUE.
B. WITHIN TEN DAYS AFTER RECEIVING AN AUTHENTICATED DEMAND BY THE
DEBTOR:
1. A SECURED PARTY HAVING CONTROL OF A DEPOSIT ACCOUNT UNDER SECTION
47-9104, SUBSECTION A, PARAGRAPH 2 SHALL SEND TO THE BANK WITH WHICH THE
DEPOSIT ACCOUNT IS MAINTAINED AN AUTHENTICATED STATEMENT THAT RELEASES THE
BANK FROM ANY FURTHER OBLIGATION TO COMPLY WITH INSTRUCTIONS ORIGINATED BY
THE SECURED PARTY;
2. A SECURED PARTY HAVING CONTROL OF A DEPOSIT ACCOUNT UNDER SECTION
47-9104, SUBSECTION A, PARAGRAPH 3 SHALL:
(a)
PAY THE DEBTOR THE BALANCE ON DEPOSIT IN THE DEPOSIT ACCOUNT; OR
(b)
TRANSFER THE BALANCE ON DEPOSIT INTO A DEPOSIT ACCOUNT IN THE DEBTOR'S NAME;
3. A SECURED PARTY, OTHER THAN A BUYER, HAVING CONTROL OF ELECTRONIC
CHATTEL PAPER UNDER SECTION 47-9105 SHALL:
(a)
COMMUNICATE THE AUTHORITATIVE COPY OF THE ELECTRONIC CHATTEL PAPER TO THE DEBTOR OR ITS DESIGNATED CUSTODIAN;
(b)
IF THE DEBTOR DESIGNATES A CUSTODIAN THAT IS THE DESIGNATED CUSTODIAN WITH WHICH THE AUTHORITATIVE COPY OF THE ELECTRONIC CHATTEL PAPER
IS MAINTAINED FOR THE SECURED PARTY, COMMUNICATE TO THE CUSTODIAN AN
AUTHENTICATED RECORD RELEASING THE DESIGNATED CUSTODIAN FROM ANY FURTHER
OBLIGATION TO COMPLY WITH INSTRUCTIONS ORIGINATED BY THE SECURED PARTY AND
INSTRUCTING THE CUSTODIAN TO COMPLY WITH INSTRUCTIONS ORIGINATED BY THE
DEBTOR; AND
(c)
TAKE APPROPRIATE ACTION TO ENABLE THE DEBTOR OR ITS DESIGNATED CUSTODIAN TO MAKE COPIES OF OR REVISIONS TO THE AUTHORITATIVE COPY THAT ADD
OR CHANGE AN IDENTIFIED ASSIGNEE OF THE AUTHORITATIVE COPY WITHOUT THE
CONSENT OF THE SECURED PARTY;
4. A SECURED PARTY HAVING CONTROL OF INVESTMENT PROPERTY UNDER SECTION
47-8106, SUBSECTION D, PARAGRAPH 2 OR 47-9106, SUBSECTION B SHALL SEND TO THE
SECURITIES INTERMEDIARY OR COMMODITY INTERMEDIARY WITH WHICH THE SECURITY
ENTITLEMENT OR COMMODITY CONTRACT IS MAINTAINED AN AUTHENTICATED RECORD THAT
RELEASES THE SECURITIES INTERMEDIARY OR COMMODITY INTERMEDIARY FROM ANY
FURTHER OBLIGATION TO COMPLY WITH ENTITLEMENT ORDERS OR DIRECTIONS ORIGINATED
BY THE SECURED PARTY; AND
5. A SECURED PARTY HAVING CONTROL OF A LETTER-OF-CREDIT RIGHT UNDER
SECTION 47-9107 SHALL SEND TO EACH PERSON HAVING AN UNFULFILLED OBLIGATION
TO PAY OR DELIVER PROCEEDS OF THE LETTER OF CREDIT TO THE SECURED PARTY AN AUTHENTICATED RELEASE FROM ANY FURTHER OBLIGATION TO PAY OR DELIVER PROCEEDS
OF THE LETTER OF CREDIT TO THE SECURED PARTY.
47-9209
.
Duties of secured party if account debtor has been notified of assignment
A. EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE PROVIDED IN SUBSECTION C OF THIS SECTION, THIS SECTION APPLIES IF:
1. THERE IS NO OUTSTANDING SECURED OBLIGATION; AND
2. THE SECURED PARTY IS NOT COMMITTED TO MAKE ADVANCES, INCUR
OBLIGATIONS OR OTHERWISE GIVE VALUE.
B. WITHIN TEN DAYS AFTER RECEIVING AN AUTHENTICATED DEMAND BY THE
DEBTOR, A SECURED PARTY SHALL SEND TO AN ACCOUNT DEBTOR THAT HAS RECEIVED
NOTIFICATION OF AN ASSIGNMENT TO THE SECURED PARTY AS ASSIGNEE UNDER SECTION
47-9406, SUBSECTION A AN AUTHENTICATED RECORD THAT RELEASES THE ACCOUNT
DEBTOR FROM ANY FURTHER OBLIGATION TO THE SECURED PARTY.
C. THIS SECTION DOES NOT APPLY TO AN ASSIGNMENT CONSTITUTING THE SALE
OF AN ACCOUNT, CHATTEL PAPER OR PAYMENT INTANGIBLE.
47-9210
.
Request for accounting; request regarding list of collateral or statement of account
A. IN THIS SECTION:
1. "REQUEST" MEANS A RECORD OF A TYPE DESCRIBED IN PARAGRAPH 2, 3 OR
4 OF THIS SUBSECTION.
2. "REQUEST FOR AN ACCOUNTING" MEANS A RECORD AUTHENTICATED BY A
DEBTOR, REQUESTING THAT THE RECIPIENT PROVIDE AN ACCOUNTING OF THE UNPAID
OBLIGATIONS SECURED BY COLLATERAL AND REASONABLY IDENTIFYING THE TRANSACTION
OR RELATIONSHIP THAT IS THE SUBJECT OF THE REQUEST.
3. "REQUEST REGARDING A LIST OF COLLATERAL" MEANS A RECORD
AUTHENTICATED BY A DEBTOR, REQUESTING THAT THE RECIPIENT APPROVE OR CORRECT
A LIST OF WHAT THE DEBTOR BELIEVES TO BE THE COLLATERAL SECURING AN
OBLIGATION AND REASONABLY IDENTIFYING THE TRANSACTION OR RELATIONSHIP THAT
IS THE SUBJECT OF THE REQUEST.
4. "REQUEST REGARDING A STATEMENT OF ACCOUNT" MEANS A RECORD
AUTHENTICATED BY A DEBTOR, REQUESTING THAT THE RECIPIENT APPROVE OR CORRECT
A STATEMENT INDICATING WHAT THE DEBTOR BELIEVES TO BE THE AGGREGATE AMOUNT
OF UNPAID OBLIGATIONS SECURED BY COLLATERAL AS OF A SPECIFIED DATE AND
REASONABLY IDENTIFYING THE TRANSACTION OR RELATIONSHIP THAT IS THE SUBJECT
OF THE REQUEST.
B. SUBJECT TO SUBSECTIONS C, D, E AND F, A SECURED PARTY, OTHER THAN
A BUYER OF ACCOUNTS, CHATTEL PAPER, PAYMENT INTANGIBLES OR PROMISSORY NOTES
OR A CONSIGNOR, SHALL COMPLY WITH A REQUEST WITHIN FOURTEEN DAYS AFTER
RECEIPT:
1. IN THE CASE OF A REQUEST FOR AN ACCOUNTING, BY AUTHENTICATING AND
SENDING TO THE DEBTOR AN ACCOUNTING; AND
2. IN THE CASE OF A REQUEST REGARDING A LIST OF COLLATERAL OR A
REQUEST REGARDING A STATEMENT OF ACCOUNT, BY AUTHENTICATING AND SENDING TO
THE DEBTOR AN APPROVAL OR CORRECTION.
C. A SECURED PARTY THAT CLAIMS A SECURITY INTEREST IN ALL OF A
PARTICULAR TYPE OF COLLATERAL OWNED BY THE DEBTOR MAY COMPLY WITH A REQUEST
REGARDING A LIST OF COLLATERAL BY SENDING TO THE DEBTOR AN AUTHENTICATED
RECORD INCLUDING A STATEMENT TO THAT EFFECT WITHIN FOURTEEN DAYS AFTER
RECEIPT.
D. A PERSON THAT RECEIVES A REQUEST REGARDING A LIST OF COLLATERAL,
CLAIMS NO INTEREST IN THE COLLATERAL WHEN IT RECEIVES THE REQUEST AND CLAIMED
AN INTEREST IN THE COLLATERAL AT AN EARLIER TIME SHALL COMPLY WITH THE
REQUEST WITHIN FOURTEEN DAYS AFTER RECEIPT BY SENDING TO THE DEBTOR AN
AUTHENTICATED RECORD:
1. DISCLAIMING ANY INTEREST IN THE COLLATERAL; AND
2. IF KNOWN TO THE RECIPIENT, PROVIDING THE NAME AND MAILING ADDRESS
OF ANY ASSIGNEE OF OR SUCCESSOR TO THE RECIPIENT'S SECURITY INTEREST IN THE
COLLATERAL.
E. A PERSON THAT RECEIVES A REQUEST FOR AN ACCOUNTING OR A REQUEST
REGARDING A STATEMENT OF ACCOUNT, CLAIMS NO INTEREST IN THE OBLIGATIONS WHEN
IT RECEIVES THE REQUEST AND CLAIMED AN INTEREST IN THE OBLIGATIONS AT AN
EARLIER TIME SHALL COMPLY WITH THE REQUEST WITHIN FOURTEEN DAYS AFTER RECEIPT
BY SENDING TO THE DEBTOR AN AUTHENTICATED RECORD:
1. DISCLAIMING ANY INTEREST IN THE OBLIGATIONS; AND
2. IF KNOWN TO THE RECIPIENT, PROVIDING THE NAME AND MAILING ADDRESS
OF ANY ASSIGNEE OF OR SUCCESSOR TO THE RECIPIENT'S INTEREST IN THE
OBLIGATIONS.
F. A DEBTOR IS ENTITLED WITHOUT CHARGE TO ONE RESPONSE TO A REQUEST
UNDER THIS SECTION DURING ANY SIX MONTH PERIOD. THE SECURED PARTY MAY
REQUIRE PAYMENT OF A CHARGE NOT EXCEEDING TWENTY-FIVE DOLLARS FOR EACH
ADDITIONAL RESPONSE.
Article 3. Perfection and priority
47-9301
.
Law governing perfection and priority of security interests
EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE PROVIDED IN SECTIONS 47-9303 THROUGH 47-9306, THE FOLLOWING RULES DETERMINE THE LAW GOVERNING PERFECTION, THE EFFECT OF
PERFECTION OR NONPERFECTION AND THE PRIORITY OF A SECURITY INTEREST IN
COLLATERAL:
1. EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE PROVIDED IN THIS SECTION, WHILE A DEBTOR IS
LOCATED IN A JURISDICTION, THE LOCAL LAW OF THAT JURISDICTION GOVERNS
PERFECTION, THE EFFECT OF PERFECTION OR NONPERFECTION AND THE PRIORITY OF A
SECURITY INTEREST IN COLLATERAL.
2. WHILE COLLATERAL IS LOCATED IN A JURISDICTION, THE LOCAL LAW OF
THAT JURISDICTION GOVERNS PERFECTION, THE EFFECT OF PERFECTION OR NONPERFECTION AND THE PRIORITY OF A POSSESSORY SECURITY INTEREST IN THAT
COLLATERAL.
3. EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE PROVIDED IN PARAGRAPH 4 OF THIS SECTION, WHILE
NEGOTIABLE DOCUMENTS, GOODS, INSTRUMENTS, MONEY OR TANGIBLE CHATTEL PAPER IS
LOCATED IN A JURISDICTION, THE LOCAL LAW OF THAT JURISDICTION GOVERNS:
(a)
PERFECTION OF A SECURITY INTEREST IN THE GOODS BY FILING A FIXTURE FILING;
(b)
PERFECTION OF A SECURITY INTEREST IN TIMBER TO BE CUT; AND
(c)
THE EFFECT OF PERFECTION OR NONPERFECTION AND THE PRIORITY OF A NONPOSSESSORY SECURITY INTEREST IN THE COLLATERAL.
4. THE LOCAL LAW OF THE JURISDICTION IN WHICH THE WELLHEAD OR MINEHEAD
IS LOCATED GOVERNS PERFECTION, THE EFFECT OF PERFECTION OR NONPERFECTION AND
THE PRIORITY OF A SECURITY INTEREST IN AS-EXTRACTED COLLATERAL.
47-9302
.
Law governing perfection and priority of agricultural liens
WHILE FARM PRODUCTS ARE LOCATED IN A JURISDICTION, THE LOCAL LAW OF THAT JURISDICTION GOVERNS PERFECTION, THE EFFECT OF PERFECTION OR
NONPERFECTION AND THE PRIORITY OF AN AGRICULTURAL LIEN ON THE FARM PRODUCTS.
47-9303
.
Law governing perfection and priority of security interests in goods covered by a certificate of title
A. THIS SECTION APPLIES TO GOODS COVERED BY A CERTIFICATE OF TITLE, EVEN IF THERE IS NO OTHER RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE JURISDICTION UNDER WHOSE
CERTIFICATE OF TITLE THE GOODS ARE COVERED AND THE GOODS OR THE DEBTOR.
B. GOODS BECOME COVERED BY A CERTIFICATE OF TITLE WHEN A VALID
APPLICATION FOR THE CERTIFICATE OF TITLE AND THE APPLICABLE FEE ARE DELIVERED
TO THE APPROPRIATE AUTHORITY. GOODS CEASE TO BE COVERED BY A CERTIFICATE OF
TITLE AT THE EARLIER OF THE TIME THE CERTIFICATE OF TITLE CEASES TO BE
EFFECTIVE UNDER THE LAW OF THE ISSUING JURISDICTION OR THE TIME THE GOODS
BECOME COVERED SUBSEQUENTLY BY A CERTIFICATE OF TITLE ISSUED BY ANOTHER
JURISDICTION.
C. THE LOCAL LAW OF THE JURISDICTION UNDER WHOSE CERTIFICATE OF TITLE
THE GOODS ARE COVERED GOVERNS PERFECTION, THE EFFECT OF PERFECTION OR
NONPERFECTION AND THE PRIORITY OF A SECURITY INTEREST IN GOODS COVERED BY A
CERTIFICATE OF TITLE FROM THE TIME THE GOODS BECOME COVERED BY THE
CERTIFICATE OF TITLE UNTIL THE GOODS CEASE TO BE COVERED BY THE CERTIFICATE
OF TITLE.
47-9304
.
Law governing perfection and priority of security interests in deposit accounts
A. THE LOCAL LAW OF A BANK'S JURISDICTION GOVERNS PERFECTION, THE EFFECT OF PERFECTION OR NONPERFECTION AND THE PRIORITY OF A SECURITY INTEREST
IN A DEPOSIT ACCOUNT MAINTAINED WITH THAT BANK.
B. THE FOLLOWING RULES DETERMINE A BANK'S JURISDICTION FOR PURPOSES
OF THIS ARTICLE:
1. IF AN AGREEMENT BETWEEN THE BANK AND THE DEBTOR GOVERNING THE
DEPOSIT ACCOUNT EXPRESSLY PROVIDES THAT A PARTICULAR JURISDICTION IS THE
BANK'S JURISDICTION FOR PURPOSES OF THIS ARTICLE, THIS CHAPTER OR THIS TITLE,
THAT JURISDICTION IS THE BANK'S JURISDICTION.
2. IF PARAGRAPH 1 DOES NOT APPLY AND AN AGREEMENT BETWEEN THE BANK AND
ITS CUSTOMER GOVERNING THE DEPOSIT ACCOUNT EXPRESSLY PROVIDES THAT THE
AGREEMENT IS GOVERNED BY THE LAW OF A PARTICULAR JURISDICTION, THAT
JURISDICTION IS THE BANK'S JURISDICTION.
3. IF NEITHER PARAGRAPH 1 NOR PARAGRAPH 2 APPLIES AND AN AGREEMENT
BETWEEN THE BANK AND ITS CUSTOMER GOVERNING THE DEPOSIT ACCOUNT EXPRESSLY
PROVIDES THAT THE DEPOSIT ACCOUNT IS MAINTAINED AT AN OFFICE IN A PARTICULAR
JURISDICTION, THAT JURISDICTION IS THE BANK'S JURISDICTION.
4. IF NONE OF THE PRECEDING PARAGRAPHS APPLIES, THE BANK'S
JURISDICTION IS THE JURISDICTION IN WHICH THE OFFICE IDENTIFIED IN AN ACCOUNT
STATEMENT AS THE OFFICE SERVING THE CUSTOMER'S ACCOUNT IS LOCATED.
5. IF NONE OF THE PRECEDING PARAGRAPHS APPLIES, THE BANK'S
JURISDICTION IS THE JURISDICTION IN WHICH THE CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICE OF THE
BANK IS LOCATED.
47-9305
.
Law governing perfection and priority of security interests in investment property
A. EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE PROVIDED IN SUBSECTION C OF THIS SECTION, THE FOLLOWING RULES APPLY:
1. WHILE A SECURITY CERTIFICATE IS LOCATED IN A JURISDICTION, THE
LOCAL LAW OF THAT JURISDICTION GOVERNS PERFECTION, THE EFFECT OF PERFECTION
OR NONPERFECTION AND THE PRIORITY OF A SECURITY INTEREST IN THE CERTIFICATED
SECURITY REPRESENTED THEREBY.
2. THE LOCAL LAW OF THE ISSUER'S JURISDICTION AS SPECIFIED IN SECTION
47-8110, SUBSECTION D GOVERNS PERFECTION, THE EFFECT OF PERFECTION OR
NONPERFECTION AND THE PRIORITY OF A SECURITY INTEREST IN AN UNCERTIFICATED
SECURITY.
3. THE LOCAL LAW OF THE SECURITIES INTERMEDIARY'S JURISDICTION AS
SPECIFIED IN SECTION 47-8110, SUBSECTION E GOVERNS PERFECTION, THE EFFECT OF
PERFECTION OR NONPERFECTION AND THE PRIORITY OF A SECURITY INTEREST IN A
SECURITY ENTITLEMENT OR SECURITIES ACCOUNT.
4. THE LOCAL LAW OF THE COMMODITY INTERMEDIARY'S JURISDICTION GOVERNS
PERFECTION, THE EFFECT OF PERFECTION OR NONPERFECTION AND THE PRIORITY OF A
SECURITY INTEREST IN A COMMODITY CONTRACT OR COMMODITY ACCOUNT.
B. THE FOLLOWING RULES DETERMINE A COMMODITY INTERMEDIARY'S
JURISDICTION FOR PURPOSES OF THIS ARTICLE:
1. IF AN AGREEMENT BETWEEN THE COMMODITY INTERMEDIARY AND COMMODITY
CUSTOMER GOVERNING THE COMMODITY ACCOUNT EXPRESSLY PROVIDES THAT A PARTICULAR
JURISDICTION IS THE COMMODITY INTERMEDIARY'S JURISDICTION FOR PURPOSES OF
THIS ARTICLE, THIS CHAPTER OR THIS TITLE, THAT JURISDICTION IS THE COMMODITY
INTERMEDIARY'S JURISDICTION.
2. IF PARAGRAPH 1 OF THIS SUBSECTION DOES NOT APPLY AND AN AGREEMENT
BETWEEN THE COMMODITY INTERMEDIARY AND COMMODITY CUSTOMER GOVERNING THE
COMMODITY ACCOUNT EXPRESSLY PROVIDES THAT THE AGREEMENT IS GOVERNED BY THE
LAW OF A PARTICULAR JURISDICTION, THAT JURISDICTION IS THE COMMODITY
INTERMEDIARY'S JURISDICTION.
3. IF NEITHER PARAGRAPH 1 NOR PARAGRAPH 2 OF THIS SUBSECTION APPLIES
AND AN AGREEMENT BETWEEN THE COMMODITY INTERMEDIARY AND COMMODITY CUSTOMER
GOVERNING THE COMMODITY ACCOUNT EXPRESSLY PROVIDES THAT THE COMMODITY ACCOUNT
IS MAINTAINED AT AN OFFICE IN A PARTICULAR JURISDICTION, THAT JURISDICTION
IS THE COMMODITY INTERMEDIARY'S JURISDICTION.
4. IF NONE OF THE PRECEDING PARAGRAPHS APPLIES, THE COMMODITY
INTERMEDIARY'S JURISDICTION IS THE JURISDICTION IN WHICH THE OFFICE
IDENTIFIED IN AN ACCOUNT STATEMENT AS THE OFFICE SERVING THE COMMODITY
CUSTOMER'S ACCOUNT IS LOCATED.
5. IF NONE OF THE PRECEDING PARAGRAPHS APPLIES, THE COMMODITY
INTERMEDIARY'S JURISDICTION IS THE JURISDICTION IN WHICH THE CHIEF EXECUTIVE
OFFICE OF THE COMMODITY INTERMEDIARY IS LOCATED.
C. THE LOCAL LAW OF THE JURISDICTION IN WHICH THE DEBTOR IS LOCATED
GOVERNS:
1. PERFECTION OF A SECURITY INTEREST IN INVESTMENT PROPERTY BY FILING;
2. AUTOMATIC PERFECTION OF A SECURITY INTEREST IN INVESTMENT PROPERTY
CREATED BY A BROKER OR SECURITIES INTERMEDIARY; AND
3. AUTOMATIC PERFECTION OF A SECURITY INTEREST IN A COMMODITY CONTRACT
OR COMMODITY ACCOUNT CREATED BY A COMMODITY INTERMEDIARY.
47-9306
.
Law governing perfection and priority of security interests in letter-of-credit rights
A. SUBJECT TO SUBSECTION C OF THIS SECTION, THE LOCAL LAW OF THE ISSUER'S JURISDICTION OR A NOMINATED PERSON'S JURISDICTION GOVERNS
PERFECTION, THE EFFECT OF PERFECTION OR NONPERFECTION AND THE PRIORITY OF A
SECURITY INTEREST IN A LETTER-OF-CREDIT RIGHT IF THE ISSUER'S JURISDICTION
OR NOMINATED PERSON'S JURISDICTION IS A STATE.
B. FOR PURPOSES OF THIS ARTICLE, AN ISSUER'S JURISDICTION OR NOMINATED
PERSON'S JURISDICTION IS THE JURISDICTION WHOSE LAW GOVERNS THE LIABILITY OF
THE ISSUER OR NOMINATED PERSON WITH RESPECT TO THE LETTER-OF-CREDIT RIGHT AS
PROVIDED IN SECTION 47-5116.
C. THIS SECTION DOES NOT APPLY TO A SECURITY INTEREST THAT IS
PERFECTED ONLY UNDER SECTION 47-9308, SUBSECTION D.
47-9307
.
Location of debtor
A. IN THIS SECTION, "PLACE OF BUSINESS" MEANS A PLACE WHERE A DEBTOR CONDUCTS ITS AFFAIRS.
B. EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE PROVIDED IN THIS SECTION, THE FOLLOWING RULES
DETERMINE A DEBTOR'S LOCATION:
1. A DEBTOR WHO IS AN INDIVIDUAL IS LOCATED AT THE INDIVIDUAL'S
PRINCIPAL RESIDENCE.
2. A DEBTOR THAT IS AN ORGANIZATION AND HAS ONLY ONE PLACE OF BUSINESS
IS LOCATED AT ITS PLACE OF BUSINESS.
3. A DEBTOR THAT IS AN ORGANIZATION AND HAS MORE THAN ONE PLACE OF
BUSINESS IS LOCATED AT ITS CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICE.
C. SUBSECTION B APPLIES ONLY IF A DEBTOR'S RESIDENCE, PLACE OF
BUSINESS OR CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICE, AS APPLICABLE, IS LOCATED IN A
JURISDICTION WHOSE LAW GENERALLY REQUIRES INFORMATION CONCERNING THE
EXISTENCE OF A NONPOSSESSORY SECURITY INTEREST TO BE MADE GENERALLY AVAILABLE
IN A FILING, RECORDING OR REGISTRATION SYSTEM AS A CONDITION OR RESULT OF THE
SECURITY INTEREST'S OBTAINING PRIORITY OVER THE RIGHTS OF A LIEN CREDITOR
WITH RESPECT TO THE COLLATERAL. IF SUBSECTION B DOES NOT APPLY, THE DEBTOR
IS LOCATED IN THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA.
D. A PERSON THAT CEASES TO EXIST, HAVE A RESIDENCE, OR HAVE A PLACE
OF BUSINESS CONTINUES TO BE LOCATED IN THE JURISDICTION SPECIFIED BY
SUBSECTIONS B AND C.
E. A REGISTERED ORGANIZATION THAT IS ORGANIZED UNDER THE LAW OF A
STATE IS LOCATED IN THAT STATE.
F. EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE PROVIDED IN SUBSECTION I, A REGISTERED
ORGANIZATION THAT IS ORGANIZED UNDER THE LAW OF THE UNITED STATES AND A
BRANCH OR AGENCY OF A BANK THAT IS NOT ORGANIZED UNDER THE LAW OF THE UNITED
STATES OR A STATE ARE LOCATED:
1. IN THE STATE THAT THE LAW OF THE UNITED STATES DESIGNATES, IF THE
LAW DESIGNATES A STATE OF LOCATION;
2. IN THE STATE THAT THE REGISTERED ORGANIZATION, BRANCH OR AGENCY
DESIGNATES, IF THE LAW OF THE UNITED STATES AUTHORIZES THE REGISTERED
ORGANIZATION, BRANCH OR AGENCY TO DESIGNATE ITS STATE OF LOCATION; OR
3. IN THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA, IF NEITHER PARAGRAPH 1 NOR PARAGRAPH
2 OF THIS SUBSECTION APPLIES.
G. A REGISTERED ORGANIZATION CONTINUES TO BE LOCATED IN THE
JURISDICTION SPECIFIED BY SUBSECTION E OR F NOTWITHSTANDING:
1. THE SUSPENSION, REVOCATION, FORFEITURE OR LAPSE OF THE REGISTERED
ORGANIZATION'S STATUS AS SUCH IN ITS JURISDICTION OF ORGANIZATION; OR
2. THE DISSOLUTION, WINDING UP OR CANCELLATION OF THE EXISTENCE OF THE
REGISTERED ORGANIZATION.
H. THE UNITED STATES IS LOCATED IN THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA.
I. A BRANCH OR AGENCY OF A BANK THAT IS NOT ORGANIZED UNDER THE LAW
OF THE UNITED STATES OR A STATE IS LOCATED IN THE STATE IN WHICH THE BRANCH
OR AGENCY IS LICENSED, IF ALL BRANCHES AND AGENCIES OF THE BANK ARE LICENSED
IN ONLY ONE STATE.
J. A FOREIGN AIR CARRIER UNDER THE FEDERAL AVIATION ACT OF 1958, AS
AMENDED, IS LOCATED AT THE DESIGNATED OFFICE OF THE AGENT ON WHICH SERVICE
OF PROCESS MAY BE MADE ON BEHALF OF THE CARRIER.
K. THIS SECTION APPLIES ONLY FOR PURPOSES OF THIS ARTICLE.
47-9308
.
When security interest or agricultural lien is perfected; continuity of perfection
.
A. EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE PROVIDED IN THIS SECTION AND SECTION 47-9309, A SECURITY INTEREST IS PERFECTED IF IT HAS ATTACHED AND ALL OF THE APPLICABLE
REQUIREMENTS FOR PERFECTION IN SECTIONS 47-9310 THROUGH 47-9316 HAVE BEEN
SATISFIED. A SECURITY INTEREST IS PERFECTED WHEN IT ATTACHES IF THE
APPLICABLE REQUIREMENTS ARE SATISFIED BEFORE THE SECURITY INTEREST ATTACHES.
B. AN AGRICULTURAL LIEN IS PERFECTED IF IT HAS BECOME EFFECTIVE AND
ALL OF THE APPLICABLE REQUIREMENTS FOR PERFECTION IN SECTION 47-9310 HAVE
BEEN SATISFIED. AN AGRICULTURAL LIEN IS PERFECTED WHEN IT BECOMES EFFECTIVE
IF THE APPLICABLE REQUIREMENTS ARE SATISFIED BEFORE THE AGRICULTURAL LIEN
BECOMES EFFECTIVE.
C. A SECURITY INTEREST OR AGRICULTURAL LIEN IS PERFECTED CONTINUOUSLY
IF IT IS ORIGINALLY PERFECTED BY ONE METHOD UNDER THIS CHAPTER AND IS LATER
PERFECTED BY ANOTHER METHOD UNDER THIS CHAPTER, WITHOUT AN INTERMEDIATE
PERIOD WHEN IT WAS UNPERFECTED.
D. PERFECTION OF A SECURITY INTEREST IN COLLATERAL ALSO PERFECTS A
SECURITY INTEREST IN A SUPPORTING OBLIGATION FOR THE COLLATERAL.
E. PERFECTION OF A SECURITY INTEREST IN A RIGHT TO PAYMENT OR
PERFORMANCE ALSO PERFECTS A SECURITY INTEREST IN A SECURITY INTEREST,
MORTGAGE OR OTHER LIEN ON PERSONAL OR REAL PROPERTY SECURING THE RIGHT.
F. PERFECTION OF A SECURITY INTEREST IN A SECURITIES ACCOUNT ALSO
PERFECTS A SECURITY INTEREST IN THE SECURITY ENTITLEMENTS CARRIED IN THE
SECURITIES ACCOUNT.
G. PERFECTION OF A SECURITY INTEREST IN A COMMODITY ACCOUNT ALSO
PERFECTS A SECURITY INTEREST IN THE COMMODITY CONTRACTS CARRIED IN THE
COMMODITY ACCOUNT.
47-9309
.
Security interest perfected on attachment
THE FOLLOWING SECURITY INTERESTS ARE PERFECTED WHEN THEY ATTACH:
1. A PURCHASE MONEY SECURITY INTEREST IN CONSUMER GOODS, EXCEPT AS
OTHERWISE PROVIDED IN SECTION 47-9311, SUBSECTION B WITH RESPECT TO CONSUMER
GOODS THAT ARE SUBJECT TO A STATUTE OR TREATY DESCRIBED IN SECTION 47-9311,
SUBSECTION A;
2. AN ASSIGNMENT OF ACCOUNTS OR PAYMENT INTANGIBLES THAT DOES NOT BY
ITSELF OR IN CONJUNCTION WITH OTHER ASSIGNMENTS TO THE SAME ASSIGNEE TRANSFER
A SIGNIFICANT PART OF THE ASSIGNOR'S OUTSTANDING ACCOUNTS OR PAYMENT
INTANGIBLES;
3. A SALE OF A PAYMENT INTANGIBLE;
4. A SALE OF A PROMISSORY NOTE;
5. A SECURITY INTEREST CREATED BY THE ASSIGNMENT OF A
HEALTH-CARE-INSURANCE RECEIVABLE TO THE PROVIDER OF THE HEALTH CARE GOODS OR
SERVICES;
6. A SECURITY INTEREST ARISING UNDER SECTION 47-2401, SECTION 47-2505,
SECTION 47-2711, SUBSECTION C OR SECTION 47-2A508, SUBSECTION E, UNTIL THE
DEBTOR OBTAINS POSSESSION OF THE COLLATERAL;
7. A SECURITY INTEREST OF A COLLECTING BANK ARISING UNDER SECTION
47-4210;
8. A SECURITY INTEREST OF AN ISSUER OR NOMINATED PERSON ARISING UNDER
SECTION 47-5118;
9. A SECURITY INTEREST ARISING IN THE DELIVERY OF A FINANCIAL ASSET
UNDER SECTION 47-9206, SUBSECTION C;
10. A SECURITY INTEREST IN INVESTMENT PROPERTY CREATED BY A BROKER OR
SECURITIES INTERMEDIARY;
11. A SECURITY INTEREST IN A COMMODITY CONTRACT OR A COMMODITY ACCOUNT
CREATED BY A COMMODITY INTERMEDIARY;
12. AN ASSIGNMENT FOR THE BENEFIT OF ALL CREDITORS OF THE TRANSFEROR
AND SUBSEQUENT TRANSFERS BY THE ASSIGNEE THEREUNDER; AND
13. A SECURITY INTEREST CREATED BY AN ASSIGNMENT OF A BENEFICIAL
INTEREST IN A DECEDENT'S ESTATE.
47-9310
.
When filing required to perfect security interest or agricultural lien; security interests and
agricultural liens to which filing provisions do not
apply
A. EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE PROVIDED IN SUBSECTION B OF THIS SECTION AND SECTION 47-9312, SUBSECTION B, A FINANCING STATEMENT MUST BE FILED TO PERFECT
ALL SECURITY INTERESTS AND AGRICULTURAL LIENS.
B. THE FILING OF A FINANCING STATEMENT IS NOT NECESSARY TO PERFECT A
SECURITY INTEREST:
1. THAT IS PERFECTED UNDER SECTION 47-9308, SUBSECTION D, E, F OR G;
2. THAT IS PERFECTED UNDER SECTION 47-9309 WHEN IT ATTACHES;
3. IN PROPERTY SUBJECT TO A STATUTE, REGULATION OR TREATY DESCRIBED
IN SECTION 47-9311, SUBSECTION A;
4. IN GOODS IN POSSESSION OF A BAILEE THAT IS PERFECTED UNDER SECTION
47-9312, SUBSECTION D, PARAGRAPH 1 OR 2;
5. IN CERTIFICATED SECURITIES, DOCUMENTS, GOODS OR INSTRUMENTS THAT
IS PERFECTED WITHOUT FILING OR POSSESSION UNDER SECTION 47-9312, SUBSECTION
E, F OR G;
6. IN COLLATERAL IN THE SECURED PARTY'S POSSESSION UNDER SECTION
47-9313;
7. IN A CERTIFICATED SECURITY THAT IS PERFECTED BY DELIVERY OF THE
SECURITY CERTIFICATE TO THE SECURED PARTY UNDER SECTION 47-9313;
8. IN DEPOSIT ACCOUNTS, ELECTRONIC CHATTEL PAPER, INVESTMENT PROPERTY
OR LETTER-OF-CREDIT RIGHTS THAT IS PERFECTED BY CONTROL UNDER SECTION
47-9314;
9. IN PROCEEDS THAT IS PERFECTED UNDER SECTION 47-9315; OR
10. THAT IS PERFECTED UNDER SECTION 47-9316.
C. IF A SECURED PARTY ASSIGNS A PERFECTED SECURITY INTEREST OR
AGRICULTURAL LIEN, A FILING UNDER THIS CHAPTER IS NOT REQUIRED TO CONTINUE
THE PERFECTED STATUS OF THE SECURITY INTEREST AGAINST CREDITORS OF AND
TRANSFEREES FROM THE ORIGINAL DEBTOR.
47-9311
.
Perfection of security interests in property subject to certain statutes, regulations and treaties
A. EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE PROVIDED IN SUBSECTION D OF THIS SECTION, THE FILING OF A FINANCING STATEMENT IS NOT NECESSARY OR EFFECTIVE TO PERFECT A
SECURITY INTEREST IN PROPERTY SUBJECT TO:
1. A STATUTE, REGULATION OR TREATY OF THE UNITED STATES WHOSE
REQUIREMENTS FOR A SECURITY INTEREST'S OBTAINING PRIORITY OVER THE RIGHTS OF
A LIEN CREDITOR WITH RESPECT TO THE PROPERTY PREEMPT SECTION 47-9310,
SUBSECTION A;
2. A STATUTE OF THIS STATE THAT PROVIDES FOR CENTRAL FILING OF OR THAT
REQUIRES INDICATION ON A CERTIFICATE OF TITLE OF A SECURITY INTEREST IN THE
PROPERTY, INCLUDING TITLE 28, CHAPTER 7, ARTICLE 4, AND THAT REQUIRES
INDICATION OF THE SECURITY INTEREST ON A CERTIFICATE OF TITLE FOR A VEHICLE REQUIRED TO BE TITLED AND REGISTERED UNDER SECTION 28-2153 AND FOR A MOBILE
HOME REQUIRED TO BE TITLED UNDER SECTION 28-2063; OR
3. A CERTIFICATE OF TITLE STATUTE OF ANOTHER JURISDICTION THAT
PROVIDES FOR A SECURITY INTEREST TO BE INDICATED ON THE CERTIFICATE AS A
CONDITION OR RESULT OF THE SECURITY INTEREST'S OBTAINING PRIORITY OVER THE
RIGHTS OF A LIEN CREDITOR WITH RESPECT TO THE PROPERTY.
B. COMPLIANCE WITH THE REQUIREMENTS OF A STATUTE, REGULATION OR TREATY
DESCRIBED IN SUBSECTION A OF THIS SECTION FOR OBTAINING PRIORITY OVER THE
RIGHTS OF A LIEN CREDITOR IS EQUIVALENT TO THE FILING OF A FINANCING
STATEMENT UNDER THIS CHAPTER. EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE PROVIDED IN SUBSECTION D
OF THIS SECTION AND SECTION 47-9313 AND SECTION 47-9316, SUBSECTIONS D AND
E FOR GOODS COVERED BY A CERTIFICATE OF TITLE, A SECURITY INTEREST IN
PROPERTY SUBJECT TO A STATUTE, REGULATION OR TREATY DESCRIBED IN SUBSECTION
A OF THIS SECTION MAY BE PERFECTED ONLY BY COMPLIANCE WITH THOSE
REQUIREMENTS, AND A SECURITY INTEREST SO PERFECTED REMAINS PERFECTED
NOTWITHSTANDING A CHANGE IN THE USE OR TRANSFER OF POSSESSION OF THE
COLLATERAL.
C. EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE PROVIDED IN SUBSECTION D OF THIS SECTION AND
SECTION 47-9316, SUBSECTIONS D AND E, DURATION AND RENEWAL OF PERFECTION OF
A SECURITY INTEREST PERFECTED BY COMPLIANCE WITH THE REQUIREMENTS PRESCRIBED
BY A STATUTE, REGULATION OR TREATY DESCRIBED IN SUBSECTION A OF THIS SECTION
ARE GOVERNED BY THE STATUTE, REGULATION OR TREATY. IN OTHER RESPECTS, THE
SECURITY INTEREST IS SUBJECT TO THIS CHAPTER.
D. DURING ANY PERIOD IN WHICH COLLATERAL IS INVENTORY HELD FOR SALE
OR LEASE BY A PERSON OR LEASED BY THAT PERSON AS LESSOR AND THAT PERSON IS
IN THE BUSINESS OF SELLING OR LEASING GOODS OF THAT KIND, THIS SECTION DOES
NOT APPLY TO A SECURITY INTEREST IN THAT COLLATERAL CREATED BY THAT PERSON
AS DEBTOR.
47-9312
.
Perfection of security interests in chattel paper, deposit accounts, documents, goods covered by
documents, instruments, investment property,
letter-of-credit rights and money; perfection by
permissive filing; temporary perfection without
filing or transfer of possession
A. A SECURITY INTEREST IN CHATTEL PAPER, NEGOTIABLE DOCUMENTS, INSTRUMENTS OR INVESTMENT PROPERTY MAY BE PERFECTED BY FILING.
B. EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE PROVIDED IN SECTION 47-9315, SUBSECTIONS C AND
D FOR PROCEEDS:
1. A SECURITY INTEREST IN A DEPOSIT ACCOUNT MAY BE PERFECTED ONLY BY
CONTROL UNDER SECTION 47-9314;
2. AND EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE PROVIDED IN SECTION 47-9308, SUBSECTION D,
A SECURITY INTEREST IN A LETTER-OF-CREDIT RIGHT MAY BE PERFECTED ONLY BY
CONTROL UNDER SECTION 47-9314; AND
3. A SECURITY INTEREST IN MONEY MAY BE PERFECTED ONLY BY THE SECURED
PARTY'S TAKING POSSESSION UNDER SECTION 47-9313.
C. WHILE GOODS ARE IN THE POSSESSION OF A BAILEE THAT HAS ISSUED A
NEGOTIABLE DOCUMENT COVERING THE GOODS:
1. A SECURITY INTEREST IN THE GOODS MAY BE PERFECTED BY PERFECTING A
SECURITY INTEREST IN THE DOCUMENT; AND
2. A SECURITY INTEREST PERFECTED IN THE DOCUMENT HAS PRIORITY OVER ANY
SECURITY INTEREST THAT BECOMES PERFECTED IN THE GOODS BY ANOTHER METHOD
DURING THAT TIME.
D. WHILE GOODS ARE IN THE POSSESSION OF A BAILEE THAT HAS ISSUED A
NONNEGOTIABLE DOCUMENT COVERING THE GOODS, A SECURITY INTEREST IN THE GOODS
MAY BE PERFECTED BY:
1. ISSUANCE OF A DOCUMENT IN THE NAME OF THE SECURED PARTY;
2. THE BAILEE'S RECEIPT OF NOTIFICATION OF THE SECURED PARTY'S
INTEREST; OR
3. FILING AS TO THE GOODS.
E. A SECURITY INTEREST IN CERTIFICATED SECURITIES, NEGOTIABLE
DOCUMENTS OR INSTRUMENTS IS PERFECTED WITHOUT FILING OR THE TAKING OF
POSSESSION FOR A PERIOD OF TWENTY DAYS FROM THE TIME IT ATTACHES TO THE
EXTENT THAT IT ARISES FOR NEW VALUE GIVEN UNDER AN AUTHENTICATED SECURITY
AGREEMENT.
F. A PERFECTED SECURITY INTEREST IN A NEGOTIABLE DOCUMENT OR GOODS IN
POSSESSION OF A BAILEE, OTHER THAN ONE THAT HAS ISSUED A NEGOTIABLE DOCUMENT
FOR THE GOODS, REMAINS PERFECTED FOR TWENTY DAYS WITHOUT FILING IF THE
SECURED PARTY MAKES AVAILABLE TO THE DEBTOR THE GOODS OR DOCUMENTS
REPRESENTING THE GOODS FOR THE PURPOSE OF:
1. ULTIMATE SALE OR EXCHANGE; OR
2. LOADING, UNLOADING, STORING, SHIPPING, TRANSSHIPPING,
MANUFACTURING, PROCESSING OR OTHERWISE DEALING WITH THEM IN A MANNER
PRELIMINARY TO THEIR SALE OR EXCHANGE.
G. A PERFECTED SECURITY INTEREST IN A CERTIFICATED SECURITY OR
INSTRUMENT REMAINS PERFECTED FOR TWENTY DAYS WITHOUT FILING IF THE SECURED
PARTY DELIVERS THE SECURITY CERTIFICATE OR INSTRUMENT TO THE DEBTOR FOR THE
PURPOSE OF:
1. ULTIMATE SALE OR EXCHANGE; OR
2. PRESENTATION, COLLECTION, ENFORCEMENT, RENEWAL OR REGISTRATION OF
TRANSFER.
H. AFTER THE TWENTY DAYS SPECIFIED IN SUBSECTION E, F OR G OF THIS
SECTION EXPIRES, PERFECTION DEPENDS ON COMPLIANCE WITH THIS CHAPTER.
47-9313
.
When possession by or delivery to secured party perfects security interest without filing
A. EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE PROVIDED IN SUBSECTION B OF THIS SECTION, A SECURED PARTY MAY PERFECT A SECURITY INTEREST IN NEGOTIABLE DOCUMENTS, GOODS,
INSTRUMENTS, MONEY OR TANGIBLE CHATTEL PAPER BY TAKING POSSESSION OF THE COLLATERAL. A SECURED PARTY MAY PERFECT A SECURITY INTEREST IN CERTIFICATED
SECURITIES BY TAKING DELIVERY OF THE CERTIFICATED SECURITIES UNDER SECTION
47-8301.
B. WITH RESPECT TO GOODS COVERED BY A CERTIFICATE OF TITLE ISSUED BY
THIS STATE, A SECURED PARTY MAY PERFECT A SECURITY INTEREST IN THE GOODS BY
TAKING POSSESSION OF THE GOODS ONLY IN THE CIRCUMSTANCES DESCRIBED IN SECTION
47-9316, SUBSECTION D.
C. WITH RESPECT TO COLLATERAL OTHER THAN CERTIFICATED SECURITIES AND
GOODS COVERED BY A DOCUMENT, A SECURED PARTY TAKES POSSESSION OF COLLATERAL
IN THE POSSESSION OF A PERSON OTHER THAN THE DEBTOR, THE SECURED PARTY OR A
LESSEE OF THE COLLATERAL FROM THE DEBTOR IN THE ORDINARY COURSE OF THE
DEBTOR'S BUSINESS, WHEN:
1. THE PERSON IN POSSESSION AUTHENTICATES A RECORD ACKNOWLEDGING THAT
IT HOLDS POSSESSION OF THE COLLATERAL FOR THE SECURED PARTY'S BENEFIT; OR
2. THE PERSON TAKES POSSESSION OF THE COLLATERAL AFTER HAVING
AUTHENTICATED A RECORD ACKNOWLEDGING THAT IT WILL HOLD POSSESSION OF
COLLATERAL FOR THE SECURED PARTY'S BENEFIT.
D. IF PERFECTION OF A SECURITY INTEREST DEPENDS ON POSSESSION OF THE
COLLATERAL BY A SECURED PARTY, PERFECTION OCCURS NO EARLIER THAN THE TIME THE
SECURED PARTY TAKES POSSESSION AND CONTINUES ONLY WHILE THE SECURED PARTY
RETAINS POSSESSION.
E. A SECURITY INTEREST IN A CERTIFICATED SECURITY IN REGISTERED FORM
IS PERFECTED BY DELIVERY WHEN DELIVERY OF THE CERTIFICATED SECURITY OCCURS
UNDER SECTION 47-8301 AND REMAINS PERFECTED BY DELIVERY UNTIL THE DEBTOR
OBTAINS POSSESSION OF THE SECURITY CERTIFICATE.
F. A PERSON IN POSSESSION OF COLLATERAL IS NOT REQUIRED TO ACKNOWLEDGE
THAT IT HOLDS POSSESSION FOR A SECURED PARTY'S BENEFIT.
G. IF A PERSON ACKNOWLEDGES THAT IT HOLDS POSSESSION FOR THE SECURED
PARTY'S BENEFIT:
1. THE ACKNOWLEDGMENT IS EFFECTIVE UNDER SUBSECTION C OF THIS SECTION
OR SECTION 47-8301, SUBSECTION A, EVEN IF THE ACKNOWLEDGMENT VIOLATES THE
RIGHTS OF A DEBTOR; AND
2. UNLESS THE PERSON OTHERWISE AGREES OR LAW OTHER THAN THIS CHAPTER
OTHERWISE PROVIDES, THE PERSON DOES NOT OWE ANY DUTY TO THE SECURED PARTY AND
IS NOT REQUIRED TO CONFIRM THE ACKNOWLEDGMENT TO ANOTHER PERSON.
H. A SECURED PARTY HAVING POSSESSION OF COLLATERAL DOES NOT RELINQUISH
POSSESSION BY DELIVERING THE COLLATERAL TO A PERSON OTHER THAN THE DEBTOR OR
A LESSEE OF THE COLLATERAL FROM THE DEBTOR IN THE ORDINARY COURSE OF THE
DEBTOR'S BUSINESS IF THE PERSON WAS INSTRUCTED BEFORE THE DELIVERY OR IS
INSTRUCTED CONTEMPORANEOUSLY WITH THE DELIVERY:
1. TO HOLD POSSESSION OF THE COLLATERAL FOR THE SECURED PARTY'S
BENEFIT; OR
2. TO REDELIVER THE COLLATERAL TO THE SECURED PARTY.
I. A SECURED PARTY DOES NOT RELINQUISH POSSESSION, EVEN IF A DELIVERY
UNDER SUBSECTION H OF THIS SECTION VIOLATES THE RIGHTS OF A DEBTOR. A PERSON
TO WHICH COLLATERAL IS DELIVERED UNDER SUBSECTION H OF THIS SECTION DOES NOT
OWE ANY DUTY TO THE SECURED PARTY AND IS NOT REQUIRED TO CONFIRM THE DELIVERY
TO ANOTHER PERSON UNLESS THE PERSON OTHERWISE AGREES OR LAW OTHER THAN THIS
ARTICLE OTHERWISE PROVIDES.
47-9314
.
Perfection by control
A. A SECURITY INTEREST IN INVESTMENT PROPERTY, DEPOSIT ACCOUNTS, LETTER-OF-CREDIT RIGHTS OR ELECTRONIC CHATTEL PAPER MAY BE PERFECTED BY
CONTROL OF THE COLLATERAL UNDER SECTION 47-9104, 47-9105, 47-9106 OR 47-9107.
B. A SECURITY INTEREST IN DEPOSIT ACCOUNTS, ELECTRONIC CHATTEL PAPER
OR LETTER-OF-CREDIT RIGHTS IS PERFECTED BY CONTROL UNDER SECTION 47-9104,
47-9105 OR 47-9107 WHEN THE SECURED PARTY OBTAINS CONTROL AND REMAINS
PERFECTED BY CONTROL ONLY WHILE THE SECURED PARTY RETAINS CONTROL.
C. A SECURITY INTEREST IN INVESTMENT PROPERTY IS PERFECTED BY CONTROL
UNDER SECTION 47-9106 FROM THE TIME THE SECURED PARTY OBTAINS CONTROL AND
REMAINS PERFECTED BY CONTROL UNTIL:
1. THE SECURED PARTY DOES NOT HAVE CONTROL; AND
2. ONE OF THE FOLLOWING OCCURS:
(a)
IF THE COLLATERAL IS A CERTIFICATED SECURITY, THE DEBTOR HAS OR ACQUIRES POSSESSION OF THE SECURITY CERTIFICATE;
(b)
IF THE COLLATERAL IS AN UNCERTIFICATED SECURITY, THE ISSUER HAS REGISTERED OR REGISTERS THE DEBTOR AS THE REGISTERED OWNER; OR
(c)
IF THE COLLATERAL IS A SECURITY ENTITLEMENT, THE DEBTOR IS OR BECOMES THE ENTITLEMENT HOLDER.
47-9315
.
Secured party's rights on disposition of collateral and in proceeds
A. EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE PROVIDED IN THIS CHAPTER AND IN SECTION 47-2403, SUBSECTION B:
1. A SECURITY INTEREST OR AGRICULTURAL LIEN CONTINUES IN COLLATERAL
NOTWITHSTANDING SALE, LEASE, LICENSE, EXCHANGE OR OTHER DISPOSITION THEREOF
UNLESS THE SECURED PARTY AUTHORIZED THE DISPOSITION FREE OF THE SECURITY
INTEREST OR AGRICULTURAL LIEN; AND
2. A SECURITY INTEREST ATTACHES TO ANY IDENTIFIABLE PROCEEDS OF
COLLATERAL.
B. PROCEEDS THAT ARE COMMINGLED WITH OTHER PROPERTY ARE IDENTIFIABLE
PROCEEDS:
1. IF THE PROCEEDS ARE GOODS, TO THE EXTENT PROVIDED BY SECTION
47-9336; AND
2. IF THE PROCEEDS ARE NOT GOODS, TO THE EXTENT THAT THE SECURED PARTY
IDENTIFIES THE PROCEEDS BY A METHOD OF TRACING, INCLUDING APPLICATION OF
EQUITABLE PRINCIPLES, THAT IS PERMITTED UNDER LAW OTHER THAN THIS CHAPTER
WITH RESPECT TO COMMINGLED PROPERTY OF THE TYPE INVOLVED.
C. A SECURITY INTEREST IN PROCEEDS IS A PERFECTED SECURITY INTEREST
IF THE SECURITY INTEREST IN THE ORIGINAL COLLATERAL WAS PERFECTED.
D. A PERFECTED SECURITY INTEREST IN PROCEEDS BECOMES UNPERFECTED ON
THE TWENTY-FIRST DAY AFTER THE SECURITY INTEREST ATTACHES TO THE PROCEEDS
UNLESS:
1. THE FOLLOWING CONDITIONS ARE SATISFIED:
(a)
A FILED FINANCING STATEMENT COVERS THE ORIGINAL COLLATERAL;
(b)
THE PROCEEDS ARE COLLATERAL IN WHICH A SECURITY INTEREST MAY BE PERFECTED BY FILING IN THE OFFICE IN WHICH THE FINANCING STATEMENT HAS BEEN
FILED; AND
(c)
THE PROCEEDS ARE NOT ACQUIRED WITH CASH PROCEEDS;
2. THE PROCEEDS ARE IDENTIFIABLE CASH PROCEEDS; OR
3. THE SECURITY INTEREST IN THE PROCEEDS IS PERFECTED OTHER THAN UNDER
SUBSECTION C OF THIS SECTION WHEN THE SECURITY INTEREST ATTACHES TO THE
PROCEEDS OR WITHIN TWENTY DAYS THEREAFTER.
E. IF A FILED FINANCING STATEMENT COVERS THE ORIGINAL COLLATERAL, A
SECURITY INTEREST IN PROCEEDS THAT REMAINS PERFECTED UNDER SUBSECTION D,
PARAGRAPH 1 OF THIS SECTION BECOMES UNPERFECTED AT THE LATER OF:
1. WHEN THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE FILED FINANCING STATEMENT LAPSES
UNDER SECTION 47-9515 OR IS TERMINATED UNDER SECTION 47-9513; OR
2. THE TWENTY-FIRST DAY AFTER THE SECURITY INTEREST ATTACHES TO THE
PROCEEDS.
47-9316
.
Continued perfection of security interest following change in governing law
A. A SECURITY INTEREST PERFECTED PURSUANT TO THE LAW OF THE JURISDICTION DESIGNATED IN SECTION 47-9301, PARAGRAPH 1 OR SECTION 47-9305,
SUBSECTION C REMAINS PERFECTED UNTIL THE EARLIEST OF:
1. THE TIME PERFECTION WOULD HAVE CEASED UNDER THE LAW OF THAT
JURISDICTION;
2. THE EXPIRATION OF FOUR MONTHS AFTER A CHANGE OF THE DEBTOR'S
LOCATION TO ANOTHER JURISDICTION; OR
3. THE EXPIRATION OF ONE YEAR AFTER A TRANSFER OF COLLATERAL TO A
PERSON THAT THEREBY BECOMES A DEBTOR AND IS LOCATED IN ANOTHER JURISDICTION.
B. IF A SECURITY INTEREST DESCRIBED IN SUBSECTION A OF THIS SECTION
BECOMES PERFECTED UNDER THE LAW OF THE OTHER JURISDICTION BEFORE THE EARLIEST
TIME OR EVENT DESCRIBED IN THAT SUBSECTION, IT REMAINS PERFECTED THEREAFTER.
IF THE SECURITY INTEREST DOES NOT BECOME PERFECTED UNDER THE LAW OF THE OTHER
JURISDICTION BEFORE THE EARLIEST TIME OR EVENT, IT BECOMES UNPERFECTED AND
IS DEEMED NEVER TO HAVE BEEN PERFECTED AS AGAINST A PURCHASER OF THE
COLLATERAL FOR VALUE.
C. A POSSESSORY SECURITY INTEREST IN COLLATERAL, OTHER THAN GOODS
COVERED BY A CERTIFICATE OF TITLE AND AS-EXTRACTED COLLATERAL CONSISTING OF
GOODS, REMAINS CONTINUOUSLY PERFECTED IF:
1. THE COLLATERAL IS LOCATED IN ONE JURISDICTION AND SUBJECT TO A
SECURITY INTEREST PERFECTED UNDER THE LAW OF THAT JURISDICTION;
2. THEREAFTER THE COLLATERAL IS BROUGHT INTO ANOTHER JURISDICTION; AND
3. ON ENTRY INTO THE OTHER JURISDICTION, THE SECURITY INTEREST IS
PERFECTED UNDER THE LAW OF THE OTHER JURISDICTION.
D. EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE PROVIDED IN SUBSECTION E OF THIS SECTION, A
SECURITY INTEREST IN GOODS COVERED BY A CERTIFICATE OF TITLE THAT IS
PERFECTED BY ANY METHOD UNDER THE LAW OF ANOTHER JURISDICTION WHEN THE GOODS
BECOME COVERED BY A CERTIFICATE OF TITLE FROM THIS STATE REMAINS PERFECTED
UNTIL THE SECURITY INTEREST WOULD HAVE BECOME UNPERFECTED UNDER THE LAW OF
THE OTHER JURISDICTION HAD THE GOODS NOT BECOME SO COVERED.
E. A SECURITY INTEREST DESCRIBED IN SUBSECTION D OF THIS SECTION
BECOMES UNPERFECTED AS AGAINST A PURCHASER OF THE GOODS FOR VALUE AND IS
DEEMED NEVER TO HAVE BEEN PERFECTED AS AGAINST A PURCHASER OF THE GOODS FOR
VALUE IF THE APPLICABLE REQUIREMENTS FOR PERFECTION UNDER SECTION 47-9311,
SUBSECTION B OR SECTION 47-9313 ARE NOT SATISFIED BEFORE THE EARLIER OF:
1. THE TIME THE SECURITY INTEREST WOULD HAVE BECOME UNPERFECTED UNDER
THE LAW OF THE OTHER JURISDICTION HAD THE GOODS NOT BECOME COVERED BY A
CERTIFICATE OF TITLE FROM THIS STATE; OR
2. THE EXPIRATION OF FOUR MONTHS AFTER THE GOODS HAD BECOME SO
COVERED.
F. A SECURITY INTEREST IN DEPOSIT ACCOUNTS, LETTER-OF-CREDIT RIGHTS
OR INVESTMENT PROPERTY THAT IS PERFECTED UNDER THE LAW OF THE BANK'S
JURISDICTION, THE ISSUER'S JURISDICTION, A NOMINATED PERSON'S JURISDICTION,
THE SECURITIES INTERMEDIARY'S JURISDICTION OR THE COMMODITY INTERMEDIARY'S
JURISDICTION, AS APPLICABLE, REMAINS PERFECTED UNTIL THE EARLIER OF:
1. THE TIME THE SECURITY INTEREST WOULD HAVE BECOME UNPERFECTED UNDER
THE LAW OF THAT JURISDICTION; OR
2. THE EXPIRATION OF FOUR MONTHS AFTER A CHANGE OF THE APPLICABLE
JURISDICTION TO ANOTHER JURISDICTION.
G. IF A SECURITY INTEREST DESCRIBED IN SUBSECTION F OF THIS SECTION
BECOMES PERFECTED UNDER THE LAW OF THE OTHER JURISDICTION BEFORE THE EARLIER
OF THE TIME OR THE END OF THE PERIOD DESCRIBED IN THAT SUBSECTION, IT REMAINS
PERFECTED THEREAFTER. IF THE SECURITY INTEREST DOES NOT BECOME PERFECTED
UNDER THE LAW OF THE OTHER JURISDICTION BEFORE THE EARLIER OF THAT TIME OR
THE END OF THAT PERIOD, IT BECOMES UNPERFECTED AND IS DEEMED NEVER TO HAVE
BEEN PERFECTED AS AGAINST A PURCHASER OF THE COLLATERAL FOR VALUE.
47-9317
.
Interests that take priority over or take free of unperfected security interest or agricultural lien
A. AN UNPERFECTED SECURITY INTEREST OR AGRICULTURAL LIEN IS SUBORDINATE TO THE RIGHTS OF:
1. A PERSON ENTITLED TO PRIORITY UNDER SECTION 47-9322; AND
2. A PERSON THAT BECOMES A LIEN CREDITOR BEFORE THE EARLIER OF THE
TIME THE SECURITY INTEREST OR AGRICULTURAL LIEN IS PERFECTED OR A FINANCING
STATEMENT COVERING THE COLLATERAL IS FILED.
B. EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE PROVIDED IN SUBSECTION E OF THIS SECTION, A
BUYER, OTHER THAN A SECURED PARTY, OF TANGIBLE CHATTEL PAPER, DOCUMENTS,
GOODS, INSTRUMENTS OR A SECURITY CERTIFICATE TAKES FREE OF A SECURITY
INTEREST OR AGRICULTURAL LIEN IF THE BUYER GIVES VALUE AND RECEIVES DELIVERY
OF THE COLLATERAL WITHOUT KNOWLEDGE OF THE SECURITY INTEREST OR AGRICULTURAL
LIEN AND BEFORE IT IS PERFECTED.
C. EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE PROVIDED IN SUBSECTION E OF THIS SECTION, A
LESSEE OF GOODS TAKES FREE OF A SECURITY INTEREST OR AGRICULTURAL LIEN IF THE
LESSEE GIVES VALUE AND RECEIVES DELIVERY OF THE COLLATERAL WITHOUT KNOWLEDGE
OF THE SECURITY INTEREST OR AGRICULTURAL LIEN AND BEFORE IT IS PERFECTED.
D. A LICENSEE OF A GENERAL INTANGIBLE OR A BUYER, OTHER THAN A SECURED
PARTY, OF ACCOUNTS, ELECTRONIC CHATTEL PAPER, GENERAL INTANGIBLES OR
INVESTMENT PROPERTY OTHER THAN A CERTIFICATED SECURITY TAKES FREE OF A
SECURITY INTEREST IF THE LICENSEE OR BUYER GIVES VALUE WITHOUT KNOWLEDGE OF
THE SECURITY INTEREST AND BEFORE IT IS PERFECTED.
E. EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE PROVIDED IN SECTIONS 47-9320 AND 47-9321, IF
A PERSON FILES A FINANCING STATEMENT WITH RESPECT TO A PURCHASE MONEY
SECURITY INTEREST BEFORE OR WITHIN TWENTY DAYS AFTER THE DEBTOR RECEIVES
DELIVERY OF THE COLLATERAL, THE SECURITY INTEREST TAKES PRIORITY OVER THE
RIGHTS OF A BUYER, LESSEE OR LIEN CREDITOR THAT ARISE BETWEEN THE TIME THE
SECURITY INTEREST ATTACHES AND THE TIME OF FILING.
47-9318
.
No interest retained in right to payment that is sold; rights and title of seller of account or chattel
paper with respect to creditors and purchasers
A. A DEBTOR THAT HAS SOLD AN ACCOUNT, CHATTEL PAPER, PAYMENT INTANGIBLE OR PROMISSORY NOTE DOES NOT RETAIN A LEGAL OR EQUITABLE INTEREST
IN THE COLLATERAL SOLD.
B. FOR PURPOSES OF DETERMINING THE RIGHTS OF CREDITORS OF, AND
PURCHASERS FOR VALUE OF AN ACCOUNT OR CHATTEL PAPER FROM, A DEBTOR THAT HAS
SOLD AN ACCOUNT OR CHATTEL PAPER, WHILE THE BUYER'S SECURITY INTEREST IS
UNPERFECTED, THE DEBTOR IS DEEMED TO HAVE RIGHTS AND TITLE TO THE ACCOUNT OR
CHATTEL PAPER IDENTICAL TO THOSE THE DEBTOR SOLD.
47-9319
.
Rights and title of consignee with respect to creditors and purchasers
A. EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE PROVIDED IN SUBSECTION B, FOR PURPOSES OF DETERMINING THE RIGHTS OF CREDITORS OF, AND PURCHASERS FOR VALUE OF GOODS
FROM, A CONSIGNEE, WHILE THE GOODS ARE IN THE POSSESSION OF THE CONSIGNEE,
THE CONSIGNEE IS DEEMED TO HAVE RIGHTS AND TITLE TO THE GOODS IDENTICAL TO
THOSE THE CONSIGNOR HAD OR HAD POWER TO TRANSFER.
B. FOR PURPOSES OF DETERMINING THE RIGHTS OF A CREDITOR OF A
CONSIGNEE, LAW OTHER THAN THIS CHAPTER DETERMINES THE RIGHTS AND TITLE OF A CONSIGNEE WHILE GOODS ARE IN THE CONSIGNEE'S POSSESSION IF, UNDER THIS
ARTICLE, A PERFECTED SECURITY INTEREST HELD BY THE CONSIGNOR WOULD HAVE
PRIORITY OVER THE RIGHTS OF THE CREDITOR.
47-9320
.
Buyer of goods
A. EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE PROVIDED IN SUBSECTION E OF THIS SECTION, A BUYER IN ORDINARY COURSE OF BUSINESS, OTHER THAN A PERSON BUYING FARM
PRODUCTS FROM A PERSON ENGAGED IN FARMING OPERATIONS, TAKES FREE OF A
SECURITY INTEREST CREATED BY THE BUYER'S SELLER, EVEN IF THE SECURITY
INTEREST IS PERFECTED AND THE BUYER KNOWS OF ITS EXISTENCE.
B. EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE PROVIDED IN SUBSECTION E OF THIS SECTION, A
BUYER OF GOODS FROM A PERSON WHO USED OR BOUGHT THE GOODS FOR USE PRIMARILY
FOR PERSONAL, FAMILY OR HOUSEHOLD PURPOSES TAKES FREE OF A SECURITY INTEREST,
EVEN IF PERFECTED, IF THE BUYER BUYS:
1. WITHOUT KNOWLEDGE OF THE SECURITY INTEREST;
2. FOR VALUE;
3. PRIMARILY FOR THE BUYER'S PERSONAL, FAMILY OR HOUSEHOLD PURPOSES;
AND
4. BEFORE THE FILING OF A FINANCING STATEMENT COVERING THE GOODS.
C. TO THE EXTENT THAT IT AFFECTS THE PRIORITY OF A SECURITY INTEREST
OVER A BUYER OF GOODS UNDER SUBSECTION B OF THIS SECTION, THE PERIOD OF
EFFECTIVENESS OF A FILING MADE IN THE JURISDICTION IN WHICH THE SELLER IS
LOCATED IS GOVERNED BY SECTION 47-9316, SUBSECTIONS A AND B.
D. A BUYER IN ORDINARY COURSE OF BUSINESS BUYING OIL, GAS OR OTHER
MINERALS AT THE WELLHEAD OR MINEHEAD OR AFTER EXTRACTION TAKES FREE OF AN
INTEREST ARISING OUT OF AN ENCUMBRANCE.
E. SUBSECTIONS A AND B OF THIS SECTION DO NOT AFFECT A SECURITY
INTEREST IN GOODS IN THE POSSESSION OF THE SECURED PARTY UNDER SECTION
47-9313.
47-9321
.
Licensee of general intangible and lessee of goods in ordinary course of business
A. IN THIS SECTION, "LICENSEE IN ORDINARY COURSE OF BUSINESS" MEANS A PERSON THAT BECOMES A LICENSEE OF A GENERAL INTANGIBLE IN GOOD FAITH,
WITHOUT KNOWLEDGE THAT THE LICENSE VIOLATES THE RIGHTS OF ANOTHER PERSON IN
THE GENERAL INTANGIBLE AND IN THE ORDINARY COURSE FROM A PERSON IN THE
BUSINESS OF LICENSING GENERAL INTANGIBLES OF THAT KIND. A PERSON BECOMES A
LICENSEE IN THE ORDINARY COURSE IF THE LICENSE TO THE PERSON COMPORTS WITH
THE USUAL OR CUSTOMARY PRACTICES IN THE KIND OF BUSINESS IN WHICH THE
LICENSOR IS ENGAGED OR WITH THE LICENSOR'S OWN USUAL OR CUSTOMARY PRACTICES.
B. A LICENSEE IN ORDINARY COURSE OF BUSINESS TAKES ITS RIGHTS UNDER
A NONEXCLUSIVE LICENSE FREE OF A SECURITY INTEREST IN THE GENERAL INTANGIBLE
CREATED BY THE LICENSOR, EVEN IF THE SECURITY INTEREST IS PERFECTED AND THE
LICENSEE KNOWS OF ITS EXISTENCE.
C. A LESSEE IN ORDINARY COURSE OF BUSINESS TAKES ITS LEASEHOLD
INTEREST FREE OF A SECURITY INTEREST IN THE GOODS CREATED BY THE LESSOR, EVEN
IF THE SECURITY INTEREST IS PERFECTED AND THE LESSEE KNOWS OF ITS EXISTENCE.
47-9322
.
Priorities among conflicting security interests in and agricultural liens on same collateral
A. EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE PROVIDED IN THIS SECTION, PRIORITY AMONG CONFLICTING SECURITY INTERESTS AND AGRICULTURAL LIENS IN THE SAME COLLATERAL
IS DETERMINED ACCORDING TO THE FOLLOWING RULES:
1. CONFLICTING PERFECTED SECURITY INTERESTS AND AGRICULTURAL LIENS
RANK ACCORDING TO PRIORITY IN TIME OF FILING OR PERFECTION. PRIORITY DATES
FROM THE EARLIER OF THE TIME A FILING COVERING THE COLLATERAL IS FIRST MADE
OR THE SECURITY INTEREST OR AGRICULTURAL LIEN IS FIRST PERFECTED, IF THERE
IS NO PERIOD THEREAFTER WHEN THERE IS NEITHER FILING NOR PERFECTION.
2. A PERFECTED SECURITY INTEREST OR AGRICULTURAL LIEN HAS PRIORITY
OVER A CONFLICTING UNPERFECTED SECURITY INTEREST OR AGRICULTURAL LIEN.
3. THE FIRST SECURITY INTEREST OR AGRICULTURAL LIEN TO ATTACH OR
BECOME EFFECTIVE HAS PRIORITY IF CONFLICTING SECURITY INTERESTS AND
AGRICULTURAL LIENS ARE UNPERFECTED.
B. FOR THE PURPOSES OF SUBSECTION A, PARAGRAPH 1 OF THIS SECTION:
1. THE TIME OF FILING OR PERFECTION AS TO A SECURITY INTEREST IN
COLLATERAL IS ALSO THE TIME OF FILING OR PERFECTION AS TO A SECURITY INTEREST
IN PROCEEDS; AND
2. THE TIME OF FILING OR PERFECTION AS TO A SECURITY INTEREST IN
COLLATERAL SUPPORTED BY A SUPPORTING OBLIGATION IS ALSO THE TIME OF FILING
OR PERFECTION AS TO A SECURITY INTEREST IN THE SUPPORTING OBLIGATION.
C. EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE PROVIDED IN SUBSECTION F OF THIS SECTION, A
SECURITY INTEREST IN COLLATERAL THAT QUALIFIES FOR PRIORITY OVER A
CONFLICTING SECURITY INTEREST UNDER SECTION 47-9327, 47-9328, 47-9329,
47-9330 OR 47-9331 ALSO HAS PRIORITY OVER A CONFLICTING SECURITY INTEREST IN:
1. ANY SUPPORTING OBLIGATION FOR THE COLLATERAL; AND
2. PROCEEDS OF THE COLLATERAL IF:
(a)
THE SECURITY INTEREST IN PROCEEDS IS PERFECTED;
(b)
THE PROCEEDS ARE CASH PROCEEDS OR OF THE SAME TYPE AS THE COLLATERAL; AND
(c)
IN THE CASE OF PROCEEDS THAT ARE PROCEEDS OF PROCEEDS, ALL INTERVENING PROCEEDS ARE CASH PROCEEDS, PROCEEDS OF THE SAME TYPE AS THE
COLLATERAL OR AN ACCOUNT RELATING TO THE COLLATERAL.
D. SUBJECT TO SUBSECTION E OF THIS SECTION AND EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE
PROVIDED IN SUBSECTION F OF THIS SECTION, IF A SECURITY INTEREST IN CHATTEL
PAPER, DEPOSIT ACCOUNTS, NEGOTIABLE DOCUMENTS, INSTRUMENTS, INVESTMENT
PROPERTY OR LETTER-OF-CREDIT RIGHTS IS PERFECTED BY A METHOD OTHER THAN
FILING, CONFLICTING PERFECTED SECURITY INTERESTS IN PROCEEDS OF THE
COLLATERAL RANK ACCORDING TO PRIORITY IN TIME OF FILING.
E. SUBSECTION D OF THIS SECTION APPLIES ONLY IF THE PROCEEDS OF THE
COLLATERAL ARE NOT CASH PROCEEDS, CHATTEL PAPER, NEGOTIABLE DOCUMENTS,
INSTRUMENTS, INVESTMENT PROPERTY OR LETTER-OF-CREDIT RIGHTS.
F. SUBSECTIONS A THROUGH E OF THIS SECTION ARE SUBJECT TO:
1. SUBSECTION G OF THIS SECTION AND THE OTHER PROVISIONS OF THIS
ARTICLE;
2. SECTION 47-4210 WITH RESPECT TO A SECURITY INTEREST OF A COLLECTING
BANK;
3. SECTION 47-5118 WITH RESPECT TO A SECURITY INTEREST OF AN ISSUER
OR NOMINATED PERSON; AND
4. SECTION 47-9110 WITH RESPECT TO A SECURITY INTEREST ARISING UNDER
CHAPTER 2 OR 2A OF THIS TITLE.
G. A PERFECTED AGRICULTURAL LIEN ON COLLATERAL HAS PRIORITY OVER A
CONFLICTING SECURITY INTEREST IN OR AGRICULTURAL LIEN ON THE SAME COLLATERAL
IF THE STATUTE CREATING THE AGRICULTURAL LIEN SO PROVIDES.
47-9323
.
Future advances
A. EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE PROVIDED IN SUBSECTION C OF THIS SECTION, FOR PURPOSES OF DETERMINING THE PRIORITY OF A PERFECTED SECURITY INTEREST UNDER
SECTION 47-9322, SUBSECTION A, PARAGRAPH 1, PERFECTION OF THE SECURITY
INTEREST DATES FROM THE TIME AN ADVANCE IS MADE TO THE EXTENT THAT THE
SECURITY INTEREST SECURES AN ADVANCE THAT:
1. IS MADE WHILE THE SECURITY INTEREST IS PERFECTED ONLY:
(a)
UNDER SECTION 47-9309 WHEN IT ATTACHES; OR
(b)
TEMPORARILY UNDER SECTION 47-9312, SUBSECTION E, F OR G; AND
2. IS NOT MADE PURSUANT TO A COMMITMENT ENTERED INTO BEFORE OR WHILE
THE SECURITY INTEREST IS PERFECTED BY A METHOD OTHER THAN UNDER SECTION
47-9309 OR 47-9312, SUBSECTION E, F OR G.
B. EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE PROVIDED IN SUBSECTION C OF THIS SECTION, A
SECURITY INTEREST IS SUBORDINATE TO THE RIGHTS OF A PERSON THAT BECOMES A
LIEN CREDITOR WHILE THE SECURITY INTEREST IS PERFECTED ONLY TO THE EXTENT
THAT IT SECURES ADVANCES MADE MORE THAN FORTY-FIVE DAYS AFTER THE PERSON
BECOMES A LIEN CREDITOR UNLESS THE ADVANCE IS MADE:
1. WITHOUT KNOWLEDGE OF THE LIEN; OR
2. PURSUANT TO A COMMITMENT ENTERED INTO WITHOUT KNOWLEDGE OF THE
LIEN.
C. SUBSECTIONS A AND B OF THIS SECTION DO NOT APPLY TO A SECURITY
INTEREST HELD BY A SECURED PARTY THAT IS A BUYER OF ACCOUNTS, CHATTEL PAPER,
PAYMENT INTANGIBLES OR PROMISSORY NOTES OR A CONSIGNOR.
D. EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE PROVIDED IN SUBSECTION E OF THIS SECTION, A
BUYER OF GOODS OTHER THAN A BUYER IN ORDINARY COURSE OF BUSINESS TAKES FREE
OF A SECURITY INTEREST TO THE EXTENT THAT IT SECURES ADVANCES MADE AFTER THE
EARLIER OF:
1. THE TIME THE SECURED PARTY ACQUIRES KNOWLEDGE OF THE BUYER'S
PURCHASE; OR
2. FORTY-FIVE DAYS AFTER THE PURCHASE.
E. SUBSECTION D OF THIS SECTION DOES NOT APPLY IF THE ADVANCE IS MADE
PURSUANT TO A COMMITMENT ENTERED INTO WITHOUT KNOWLEDGE OF THE BUYER'S
PURCHASE AND BEFORE THE EXPIRATION OF THE FORTY-FIVE DAY PERIOD.
F. EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE PROVIDED IN SUBSECTION G OF THIS SECTION, A
LESSEE OF GOODS, OTHER THAN A LESSEE IN ORDINARY COURSE OF BUSINESS, TAKES
THE LEASEHOLD INTEREST FREE OF A SECURITY INTEREST TO THE EXTENT THAT IT
SECURES ADVANCES MADE AFTER THE EARLIER OF:
1. THE TIME THE SECURED PARTY ACQUIRES KNOWLEDGE OF THE LEASE; OR
2. FORTY-FIVE DAYS AFTER THE LEASE CONTRACT BECOMES ENFORCEABLE.
G. SUBSECTION F OF THIS SECTION DOES NOT APPLY IF THE ADVANCE IS MADE
PURSUANT TO A COMMITMENT ENTERED INTO WITHOUT KNOWLEDGE OF THE LEASE AND
BEFORE THE EXPIRATION OF THE FORTY-FIVE DAY PERIOD.
47-9324
.
Priority of purchase money security interests
A. EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE PROVIDED IN SUBSECTION G OF THIS SECTION, A PERFECTED PURCHASE MONEY SECURITY INTEREST IN GOODS OTHER THAN INVENTORY OR
LIVESTOCK HAS PRIORITY OVER A CONFLICTING SECURITY INTEREST IN THE SAME
GOODS, AND, EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE PROVIDED IN SECTION 47-9327, A PERFECTED
SECURITY INTEREST IN ITS IDENTIFIABLE PROCEEDS ALSO HAS PRIORITY, IF THE
PURCHASE MONEY SECURITY INTEREST IS PERFECTED WHEN THE DEBTOR RECEIVES
POSSESSION OF THE COLLATERAL OR WITHIN TWENTY DAYS THEREAFTER.
B. SUBJECT TO SUBSECTION C OF THIS SECTION AND EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE
PROVIDED IN SUBSECTION G OF THIS SECTION, A PERFECTED PURCHASE MONEY SECURITY
INTEREST IN INVENTORY HAS PRIORITY OVER A CONFLICTING SECURITY INTEREST IN
THE SAME INVENTORY, HAS PRIORITY OVER A CONFLICTING SECURITY INTEREST IN
CHATTEL PAPER OR AN INSTRUMENT CONSTITUTING PROCEEDS OF THE INVENTORY AND IN
PROCEEDS OF THE CHATTEL PAPER, IF SO PROVIDED IN SECTION 47-9330, AND, EXCEPT
AS OTHERWISE PROVIDED IN SECTION 47-9327, ALSO HAS PRIORITY IN IDENTIFIABLE
CASH PROCEEDS OF THE INVENTORY TO THE EXTENT THE IDENTIFIABLE CASH PROCEEDS
ARE RECEIVED ON OR BEFORE THE DELIVERY OF THE INVENTORY TO A BUYER, IF:
1. THE PURCHASE MONEY SECURITY INTEREST IS PERFECTED WHEN THE DEBTOR
RECEIVES POSSESSION OF THE INVENTORY;
2. THE PURCHASE MONEY SECURED PARTY SENDS AN AUTHENTICATED
NOTIFICATION TO THE HOLDER OF THE CONFLICTING SECURITY INTEREST;
3. THE HOLDER OF THE CONFLICTING SECURITY INTEREST RECEIVES THE
NOTIFICATION WITHIN FIVE YEARS BEFORE THE DEBTOR RECEIVES POSSESSION OF THE
INVENTORY; AND
4. THE NOTIFICATION STATES THAT THE PERSON SENDING THE NOTIFICATION
HAS OR EXPECTS TO ACQUIRE A PURCHASE MONEY SECURITY INTEREST IN INVENTORY OF
THE DEBTOR AND DESCRIBES THE INVENTORY.
C. SUBSECTION B, PARAGRAPHS 2, 3 AND 4 OF THIS SECTION APPLY ONLY IF
THE HOLDER OF THE CONFLICTING SECURITY INTEREST HAD FILED A FINANCING
STATEMENT COVERING THE SAME TYPES OF INVENTORY:
1. IF THE PURCHASE MONEY SECURITY INTEREST IS PERFECTED BY FILING,
BEFORE THE DATE OF THE FILING; OR
2. IF THE PURCHASE MONEY SECURITY INTEREST IS TEMPORARILY PERFECTED
WITHOUT FILING OR POSSESSION UNDER SECTION 47-9312, SUBSECTION F, BEFORE THE
BEGINNING OF THE TWENTY DAY PERIOD THEREUNDER.
D. SUBJECT TO SUBSECTION E OF THIS SECTION AND EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE
PROVIDED IN SUBSECTION G OF THIS SECTION, A PERFECTED PURCHASE MONEY SECURITY
INTEREST IN LIVESTOCK THAT ARE FARM PRODUCTS HAS PRIORITY OVER A CONFLICTING
SECURITY INTEREST IN THE SAME LIVESTOCK, AND, EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE PROVIDED
IN SECTION 47-9327, A PERFECTED SECURITY INTEREST IN THEIR IDENTIFIABLE
PROCEEDS AND IDENTIFIABLE PRODUCTS IN THEIR UNMANUFACTURED STATES ALSO HAS
PRIORITY, IF:
1. THE PURCHASE MONEY SECURITY INTEREST IS PERFECTED WHEN THE DEBTOR
RECEIVES POSSESSION OF THE LIVESTOCK;
2. THE PURCHASE MONEY SECURED PARTY SENDS AN AUTHENTICATED
NOTIFICATION TO THE HOLDER OF THE CONFLICTING SECURITY INTEREST;
3. THE HOLDER OF THE CONFLICTING SECURITY INTEREST RECEIVES THE
NOTIFICATION WITHIN SIX MONTHS BEFORE THE DEBTOR RECEIVES POSSESSION OF THE
LIVESTOCK; AND
4. THE NOTIFICATION STATES THAT THE PERSON SENDING THE NOTIFICATION
HAS OR EXPECTS TO ACQUIRE A PURCHASE MONEY SECURITY INTEREST IN LIVESTOCK OF
THE DEBTOR AND DESCRIBES THE LIVESTOCK.
E. SUBSECTION D, PARAGRAPHS 2, 3 AND 4 OF THIS SECTION APPLY ONLY IF
THE HOLDER OF THE CONFLICTING SECURITY INTEREST HAD FILED A FINANCING
STATEMENT COVERING THE SAME TYPES OF LIVESTOCK:
1. IF THE PURCHASE MONEY SECURITY INTEREST IS PERFECTED BY FILING,
BEFORE THE DATE OF THE FILING; OR
2. IF THE PURCHASE MONEY SECURITY INTEREST IS TEMPORARILY PERFECTED
WITHOUT FILING OR POSSESSION UNDER SECTION 47-9312, SUBSECTION F, BEFORE THE
BEGINNING OF THE TWENTY DAY PERIOD THEREUNDER.
F. EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE PROVIDED IN SUBSECTION G OF THIS SECTION, A
PERFECTED PURCHASE MONEY SECURITY INTEREST IN SOFTWARE HAS PRIORITY OVER A
CONFLICTING SECURITY INTEREST IN THE SAME COLLATERAL, AND, EXCEPT AS
OTHERWISE PROVIDED IN SECTION 47-9327, A PERFECTED SECURITY INTEREST IN ITS
IDENTIFIABLE PROCEEDS ALSO HAS PRIORITY, TO THE EXTENT THAT THE PURCHASE
MONEY SECURITY INTEREST IN THE GOODS IN WHICH THE SOFTWARE WAS ACQUIRED FOR
USE HAS PRIORITY IN THE GOODS AND PROCEEDS OF THE GOODS UNDER THIS SECTION.
G. IF MORE THAN ONE SECURITY INTEREST QUALIFIES FOR PRIORITY IN THE
SAME COLLATERAL UNDER SUBSECTION A, B, D OR F OF THIS SECTION:
1. A SECURITY INTEREST SECURING AN OBLIGATION INCURRED AS ALL OR PART
OF THE PRICE OF THE COLLATERAL HAS PRIORITY OVER A SECURITY INTEREST SECURING AN OBLIGATION INCURRED FOR VALUE GIVEN TO ENABLE THE DEBTOR TO ACQUIRE RIGHTS
IN OR THE USE OF COLLATERAL; AND
2. IN ALL OTHER CASES, SECTION 47-9322, SUBSECTION A APPLIES TO THE
QUALIFYING SECURITY INTERESTS.
47-9325
.
Priority of security interests in transferred collateral
A. EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE PROVIDED IN SUBSECTION B OF THIS SECTION, A SECURITY INTEREST CREATED BY A DEBTOR IS SUBORDINATE TO A SECURITY INTEREST
IN THE SAME COLLATERAL CREATED BY ANOTHER PERSON IF:
1. THE DEBTOR ACQUIRED THE COLLATERAL SUBJECT TO THE SECURITY INTEREST
CREATED BY THE OTHER PERSON;
2. THE SECURITY INTEREST CREATED BY THE OTHER PERSON WAS PERFECTED
WHEN THE DEBTOR ACQUIRED THE COLLATERAL; AND
3. THERE IS NO PERIOD THEREAFTER WHEN THE SECURITY INTEREST IS
UNPERFECTED.
B. SUBSECTION A OF THIS SECTION SUBORDINATES A SECURITY INTEREST ONLY
IF THE SECURITY INTEREST:
1. OTHERWISE WOULD HAVE PRIORITY SOLELY UNDER SECTION 47-9322,
SUBSECTION A OR SECTION 47-9324; OR
2. AROSE SOLELY UNDER SECTION 47-2711, SUBSECTION C OR SECTION
47-2A508, SUBSECTION E.
47-9326
.
Priority of security interests created by new debtor
SUBJECT TO SUBSECTION B OF THIS SECTION, A SECURITY INTEREST THAT IS CREATED BY A NEW DEBTOR AND THAT IS PERFECTED BY A FILED FINANCING STATEMENT
THAT IS EFFECTIVE SOLELY UNDER SECTION 47-9508 IN COLLATERAL IN WHICH A NEW
DEBTOR HAS OR ACQUIRES RIGHTS IS SUBORDINATE TO A SECURITY INTEREST IN THE
SAME COLLATERAL THAT IS PERFECTED OTHER THAN BY A FILED FINANCING STATEMENT
THAT IS EFFECTIVE SOLELY UNDER SECTION 47-9508. THE OTHER PROVISIONS OF THIS
ARTICLE DETERMINE THE PRIORITY AMONG CONFLICTING SECURITY INTERESTS IN THE
SAME COLLATERAL PERFECTED BY FILED FINANCING STATEMENTS THAT ARE EFFECTIVE
SOLEY UNDER SECTION 47-9508. HOWEVER, IF THE SECURITY AGREEMENTS TO WHICH
A NEW DEBTOR BECAME BOUND AS DEBTOR WERE NOT ENTERED INTO BY THE SAME
ORIGINAL DEBTOR, THE CONFLICTING SECURITY INTERESTS RANK ACCORDING TO
PRIORITY IN TIME OF THE NEW DEBTOR'S HAVING BECOME BOUND.
47-9327
.
Priority of security interests in deposit account
THE FOLLOWING RULES GOVERN PRIORITY AMONG CONFLICTING SECURITY INTERESTS IN THE SAME DEPOSIT ACCOUNT:
1. A SECURITY INTEREST HELD BY A SECURED PARTY HAVING CONTROL OF THE
DEPOSIT ACCOUNT UNDER SECTION 47-9104 HAS PRIORITY OVER A CONFLICTING
SECURITY INTEREST HELD BY A SECURED PARTY THAT DOES NOT HAVE CONTROL.
2. EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE PROVIDED IN PARAGRAPHS 3 AND 4 OF THIS SECTION,
SECURITY INTERESTS PERFECTED BY CONTROL UNDER SECTION 47-9314 RANK ACCORDING
TO PRIORITY IN TIME OF OBTAINING CONTROL.
3. EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE PROVIDED IN PARAGRAPH 4 OF THIS SECTION, A
SECURITY INTEREST HELD BY THE BANK WITH WHICH THE DEPOSIT ACCOUNT IS
MAINTAINED HAS PRIORITY OVER A CONFLICTING SECURITY INTEREST HELD BY ANOTHER
SECURED PARTY.
4. A SECURITY INTEREST PERFECTED BY CONTROL UNDER SECTION 47-9104,
SUBSECTION A, PARAGRAPH 3 HAS PRIORITY OVER A SECURITY INTEREST HELD BY THE
BANK WITH WHICH THE DEPOSIT ACCOUNT IS MAINTAINED.
47-9328
.
Priority of security interests in investment property
THE FOLLOWING RULES GOVERN PRIORITY AMONG CONFLICTING SECURITY INTERESTS IN THE SAME INVESTMENT PROPERTY:
1. A SECURITY INTEREST HELD BY A SECURED PARTY HAVING CONTROL OF
INVESTMENT PROPERTY UNDER SECTION 47-9106 HAS PRIORITY OVER A SECURITY
INTEREST HELD BY A SECURED PARTY THAT DOES NOT HAVE CONTROL OF THE INVESTMENT
PROPERTY.
2. EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE PROVIDED IN PARAGRAPHS 3 AND 4 OF THIS SECTION,
CONFLICTING SECURITY INTERESTS HELD BY SECURED PARTIES EACH OF WHICH HAS
CONTROL UNDER SECTION 47-9106 RANK ACCORDING TO PRIORITY IN TIME OF:
(a)
IF THE COLLATERAL IS A SECURITY, OBTAINING CONTROL;
(b)
IF THE COLLATERAL IS A SECURITY ENTITLEMENT CARRIED IN A SECURITIES ACCOUNT AND:
(i)
IF THE SECURED PARTY OBTAINED CONTROL UNDER SECTION 47-8106, SUBSECTION D, PARAGRAPH 1, THE SECURED PARTY'S BECOMING THE PERSON FOR WHICH
THE SECURITIES ACCOUNT IS MAINTAINED;
(ii)
IF THE SECURED PARTY OBTAINED CONTROL UNDER SECTION 47-8106, SUBSECTION D, PARAGRAPH 2, THE SECURITIES INTERMEDIARY'S AGREEMENT TO COMPLY
WITH THE SECURED PARTY'S ENTITLEMENT ORDERS WITH RESPECT TO SECURITY
ENTITLEMENTS CARRIED OR TO BE CARRIED IN THE SECURITIES ACCOUNT; OR
(iii)
IF THE SECURED PARTY OBTAINED CONTROL THROUGH ANOTHER PERSON UNDER SECTION 47-8106, SUBSECTION D, PARAGRAPH 3, THE TIME ON WHICH PRIORITY
WOULD BE BASED UNDER THIS PARAGRAPH IF THE OTHER PERSON WERE THE SECURED
PARTY; OR
(c)
IF THE COLLATERAL IS A COMMODITY CONTRACT CARRIED WITH A COMMODITY INTERMEDIARY, THE SATISFACTION OF THE REQUIREMENT FOR CONTROL SPECIFIED IN
SECTION 47-9106, SUBSECTION B, PARAGRAPH 2 WITH RESPECT TO COMMODITY
CONTRACTS CARRIED OR TO BE CARRIED WITH THE COMMODITY INTERMEDIARY.
3. A SECURITY INTEREST HELD BY A SECURITIES INTERMEDIARY IN A SECURITY
ENTITLEMENT OR A SECURITIES ACCOUNT MAINTAINED WITH THE SECURITIES
INTERMEDIARY HAS PRIORITY OVER A CONFLICTING SECURITY INTEREST HELD BY
ANOTHER SECURED PARTY.
4. A SECURITY INTEREST HELD BY A COMMODITY INTERMEDIARY IN A COMMODITY
CONTRACT OR A COMMODITY ACCOUNT MAINTAINED WITH THE COMMODITY INTERMEDIARY
HAS PRIORITY OVER A CONFLICTING SECURITY INTEREST HELD BY ANOTHER SECURED
PARTY.
5. A SECURITY INTEREST IN A CERTIFICATED SECURITY IN REGISTERED FORM
THAT IS PERFECTED BY TAKING DELIVERY UNDER SECTION 47-9313, SUBSECTION A AND
NOT BY CONTROL UNDER SECTION 47-9314 HAS PRIORITY OVER A CONFLICTING SECURITY
INTEREST PERFECTED BY A METHOD OTHER THAN CONTROL.
6. CONFLICTING SECURITY INTERESTS THAT ARE CREATED BY A BROKER,
SECURITIES INTERMEDIARY OR COMMODITY INTERMEDIARY AND THAT ARE PERFECTED
WITHOUT CONTROL UNDER SECTION 47-9106 RANK EQUALLY.
7. IN ALL OTHER CASES, PRIORITY AMONG CONFLICTING SECURITY INTERESTS
IN INVESTMENT PROPERTY IS GOVERNED BY SECTIONS 47-9322 AND 47-9323.
47-9329
.
Priority of security interests in letter-of-credit right
THE FOLLOWING RULES GOVERN PRIORITY AMONG CONFLICTING SECURITY INTERESTS IN THE SAME LETTER-OF-CREDIT RIGHT:
1. A SECURITY INTEREST HELD BY A SECURED PARTY HAVING CONTROL OF THE
LETTER-OF-CREDIT RIGHT UNDER SECTION 47-9107 HAS PRIORITY TO THE EXTENT OF
ITS CONTROL OVER A CONFLICTING SECURITY INTEREST HELD BY A SECURED PARTY THAT
DOES NOT HAVE CONTROL.
2. SECURITY INTERESTS PERFECTED BY CONTROL UNDER SECTION 47-9314 RANK
ACCORDING TO PRIORITY IN TIME OF OBTAINING CONTROL.
47-9330
.
Priority of purchaser of chattel paper or instrument
A. A PURCHASER OF CHATTEL PAPER HAS PRIORITY OVER A SECURITY INTEREST IN THE CHATTEL PAPER THAT IS CLAIMED MERELY AS PROCEEDS OF INVENTORY SUBJECT
TO A SECURITY INTEREST IF:
1. IN GOOD FAITH AND IN THE ORDINARY COURSE OF THE PURCHASER'S
BUSINESS, THE PURCHASER GIVES NEW VALUE AND TAKES POSSESSION OF THE CHATTEL
PAPER OR OBTAINS CONTROL OF THE CHATTEL PAPER UNDER SECTION 47-9105; AND
2. THE CHATTEL PAPER DOES NOT INDICATE THAT IT HAS BEEN ASSIGNED TO
AN IDENTIFIED ASSIGNEE OTHER THAN THE PURCHASER.
B. A PURCHASER OF CHATTEL PAPER HAS PRIORITY OVER A SECURITY INTEREST
IN THE CHATTEL PAPER THAT IS CLAIMED OTHER THAN MERELY AS PROCEEDS OF
INVENTORY SUBJECT TO A SECURITY INTEREST IF THE PURCHASER GIVES NEW VALUE AND
TAKES POSSESSION OF THE CHATTEL PAPER OR OBTAINS CONTROL OF THE CHATTEL PAPER
UNDER SECTION 47-9105 IN GOOD FAITH, IN THE ORDINARY COURSE OF THE
PURCHASER'S BUSINESS AND WITHOUT KNOWLEDGE THAT THE PURCHASE VIOLATES THE
RIGHTS OF THE SECURED PARTY.
C. EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE PROVIDED IN SECTION 47-9327, A PURCHASER HAVING
PRIORITY IN CHATTEL PAPER UNDER SUBSECTION A OR B OF THIS SECTION ALSO HAS
PRIORITY IN PROCEEDS OF THE CHATTEL PAPER TO THE EXTENT THAT:
1. SECTION 47-9322 PROVIDES FOR PRIORITY IN THE PROCEEDS; OR
2. THE PROCEEDS CONSIST OF THE SPECIFIC GOODS COVERED BY THE CHATTEL
PAPER OR CASH PROCEEDS OF THE SPECIFIC GOODS, EVEN IF THE PURCHASER'S
SECURITY INTEREST IN THE PROCEEDS IS UNPERFECTED.
D. EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE PROVIDED IN SECTION 47-9331, SUBSECTION A, A
PURCHASER OF AN INSTRUMENT HAS PRIORITY OVER A SECURITY INTEREST IN THE INSTRUMENT PERFECTED BY A METHOD OTHER THAN POSSESSION IF THE PURCHASER GIVES
VALUE AND TAKES POSSESSION OF THE INSTRUMENT IN GOOD FAITH AND WITHOUT
KNOWLEDGE THAT THE PURCHASE VIOLATES THE RIGHTS OF THE SECURED PARTY.
E. FOR PURPOSES OF SUBSECTIONS A AND B OF THIS SECTION, THE HOLDER OF
A PURCHASE MONEY SECURITY INTEREST IN INVENTORY GIVES NEW VALUE FOR CHATTEL
PAPER CONSTITUTING PROCEEDS OF THE INVENTORY.
F. FOR PURPOSES OF SUBSECTIONS B AND D OF THIS SECTION, IF CHATTEL
PAPER OR AN INSTRUMENT INDICATES THAT IT HAS BEEN ASSIGNED TO AN IDENTIFIED
SECURED PARTY OTHER THAN THE PURCHASER, A PURCHASER OF THE CHATTEL PAPER OR
INSTRUMENT HAS KNOWLEDGE THAT THE PURCHASE VIOLATES THE RIGHTS OF THE SECURED
PARTY.
47-9331
.
Priority of rights of purchasers of instruments, documents and securities under other chapters;
priority of interests in financial assets and
security entitlements under chapter 8 of this title
A. THIS ARTICLE DOES NOT LIMIT THE RIGHTS OF A HOLDER IN DUE COURSE OF A NEGOTIABLE INSTRUMENT, A HOLDER TO WHICH A NEGOTIABLE DOCUMENT OF TITLE
HAS BEEN DULY NEGOTIATED OR A PROTECTED PURCHASER OF A SECURITY. THESE
HOLDERS OR PURCHASERS TAKE PRIORITY OVER AN EARLIER SECURITY INTEREST, EVEN
IF PERFECTED, TO THE EXTENT PROVIDED IN CHAPTERS 3, 7 AND 8 OF THIS TITLE.
B. THIS CHAPTER DOES NOT LIMIT THE RIGHTS OF OR IMPOSE LIABILITY ON
A PERSON TO THE EXTENT THAT THE PERSON IS PROTECTED AGAINST THE ASSERTION OF
AN ADVERSE CLAIM UNDER CHAPTER 8 OF THIS TITLE.
C. FILING UNDER THIS ARTICLE DOES NOT CONSTITUTE NOTICE OF A CLAIM OR
DEFENSE TO THE HOLDERS, OR PURCHASERS, OR PERSONS DESCRIBED IN SUBSECTIONS
A AND B.
47-9332
.
Transfer of money; transfer of funds from deposit account
A. A TRANSFEREE OF MONEY TAKES THE MONEY FREE OF A SECURITY INTEREST UNLESS THE TRANSFEREE ACTS IN COLLUSION WITH THE DEBTOR IN VIOLATING THE
RIGHTS OF THE SECURED PARTY.
B. A TRANSFEREE OF FUNDS FROM A DEPOSIT ACCOUNT TAKES THE FUNDS FREE
OF A SECURITY INTEREST IN THE DEPOSIT ACCOUNT UNLESS THE TRANSFEREE ACTS IN
COLLUSION WITH THE DEBTOR IN VIOLATING THE RIGHTS OF THE SECURED PARTY.
47-9333
.
Priority of certain liens arising by operation of law
A. IN THIS SECTION, "POSSESSORY LIEN" MEANS AN INTEREST, OTHER THAN A SECURITY INTEREST OR AN AGRICULTURAL LIEN:
1. THAT SECURES PAYMENT OR PERFORMANCE OF AN OBLIGATION FOR SERVICES
OR MATERIALS FURNISHED WITH RESPECT TO GOODS BY A PERSON IN THE ORDINARY
COURSE OF THE PERSON'S BUSINESS;
2. THAT IS CREATED BY STATUTE OR RULE OF LAW IN FAVOR OF THE PERSON;
AND
3. WHOSE EFFECTIVENESS DEPENDS ON THE PERSON'S POSSESSION OF THE
GOODS.
B. A POSSESSORY LIEN ON GOODS HAS PRIORITY OVER A SECURITY INTEREST
IN THE GOODS UNLESS THE LIEN IS CREATED BY A STATUTE THAT EXPRESSLY PROVIDES
OTHERWISE.
47-9334
.
Priority of security interests in fixtures and crops
A. A SECURITY INTEREST UNDER THIS CHAPTER MAY BE CREATED IN GOODS THAT ARE FIXTURES OR MAY CONTINUE IN GOODS THAT BECOME FIXTURES. A SECURITY
INTEREST DOES NOT EXIST UNDER THIS CHAPTER IN ORDINARY BUILDING MATERIALS
INCORPORATED INTO AN IMPROVEMENT ON LAND.
B. THIS CHAPTER DOES NOT PREVENT CREATION OF AN ENCUMBRANCE ON
FIXTURES UNDER REAL PROPERTY LAW.
C. IN CASES NOT GOVERNED BY SUBSECTIONS D THROUGH H OF THIS SECTION,
A SECURITY INTEREST IN FIXTURES IS SUBORDINATE TO A CONFLICTING INTEREST OF
AN ENCUMBRANCER OR OWNER OF THE RELATED REAL PROPERTY OTHER THAN THE DEBTOR.
D. EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE PROVIDED IN SUBSECTION H OF THIS SECTION, A
PERFECTED SECURITY INTEREST IN FIXTURES HAS PRIORITY OVER A CONFLICTING
INTEREST OF AN ENCUMBRANCER OR OWNER OF THE REAL PROPERTY IF THE DEBTOR HAS
AN INTEREST OF RECORD IN OR IS IN POSSESSION OF THE REAL PROPERTY AND:
1. THE SECURITY INTEREST IS A PURCHASE MONEY SECURITY INTEREST;
2. THE INTEREST OF THE ENCUMBRANCER OR OWNER ARISES BEFORE THE GOODS
BECOME FIXTURES; AND
3. THE SECURITY INTEREST IS PERFECTED BY A FIXTURE FILING BEFORE THE
GOODS BECOME FIXTURES OR WITHIN TWENTY DAYS THEREAFTER.
E. A PERFECTED SECURITY INTEREST IN FIXTURES HAS PRIORITY OVER A
CONFLICTING INTEREST OF AN ENCUMBRANCER OR OWNER OF THE REAL PROPERTY IF:
1. THE DEBTOR HAS AN INTEREST OF RECORD IN THE REAL PROPERTY OR IS IN
POSSESSION OF THE REAL PROPERTY AND THE SECURITY INTEREST:
(a)
IS PERFECTED BY A FIXTURE FILING BEFORE THE INTEREST OF THE ENCUMBRANCER OR OWNER IS OF RECORD; AND
(b)
HAS PRIORITY OVER ANY CONFLICTING INTEREST OF A PREDECESSOR IN TITLE OF THE ENCUMBRANCER OR OWNER;
2. BEFORE THE GOODS BECOME FIXTURES, THE SECURITY INTEREST IS
PERFECTED BY ANY METHOD PERMITTED BY THIS CHAPTER AND THE FIXTURES ARE
READILY REMOVABLE:
(a)
FACTORY OR OFFICE MACHINES;
(b)
EQUIPMENT THAT IS NOT PRIMARILY USED OR LEASED FOR USE IN THE OPERATION OF THE REAL PROPERTY; OR
(c)
REPLACEMENTS OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES THAT ARE CONSUMER GOODS;
3. THE CONFLICTING INTEREST IS A LIEN ON THE REAL PROPERTY OBTAINED
BY LEGAL OR EQUITABLE PROCEEDINGS AFTER THE SECURITY INTEREST WAS PERFECTED
BY ANY METHOD PERMITTED BY THIS CHAPTER; OR
4. THE SECURITY INTEREST IS:
(a)
CREATED IN A MANUFACTURED HOME IN A MANUFACTURED HOME TRANSACTION; AND
(b)
PERFECTED PURSUANT TO A STATUTE DESCRIBED IN SECTION 47-9311, SUBSECTION A, PARAGRAPH 2.
F. A SECURITY INTEREST IN FIXTURES, WHETHER OR NOT PERFECTED, HAS
PRIORITY OVER A CONFLICTING INTEREST OF AN ENCUMBRANCER OR OWNER OF THE REAL
PROPERTY IF:
1. THE ENCUMBRANCER OR OWNER HAS CONSENTED, IN AN AUTHENTICATED
RECORD, TO THE SECURITY INTEREST OR DISCLAIMED AN INTEREST IN THE GOODS AS
FIXTURES; OR
2. THE DEBTOR HAS A RIGHT TO REMOVE THE GOODS AS AGAINST THE
ENCUMBRANCER OR OWNER.
G. THE PRIORITY OF THE SECURITY INTEREST UNDER SUBSECTION F OF THIS
SECTION CONTINUES FOR A REASONABLE TIME IF THE DEBTOR'S RIGHT TO REMOVE THE
GOODS AS AGAINST THE ENCUMBRANCER OR OWNER TERMINATES.
H. A MORTGAGE IS A CONSTRUCTION MORTGAGE TO THE EXTENT THAT IT SECURES
AN OBLIGATION INCURRED FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF AN IMPROVEMENT ON LAND,
INCLUDING THE ACQUISITION COST OF THE LAND, IF A RECORDED RECORD OF THE
MORTGAGE SO INDICATES. EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE PROVIDED IN SUBSECTIONS E AND F
OF THIS SECTION, A SECURITY INTEREST IN FIXTURES IS SUBORDINATE TO A
CONSTRUCTION MORTGAGE IF A RECORD OF THE MORTGAGE IS RECORDED BEFORE THE
GOODS BECOME FIXTURES AND THE GOODS BECOME FIXTURES BEFORE THE COMPLETION OF
THE CONSTRUCTION. A MORTGAGE HAS THIS PRIORITY TO THE SAME EXTENT AS A
CONSTRUCTION MORTGAGE TO THE EXTENT THAT IT IS GIVEN TO REFINANCE A
CONSTRUCTION MORTGAGE.
I. A PERFECTED SECURITY INTEREST IN CROPS GROWING ON REAL PROPERTY HAS
PRIORITY OVER A CONFLICTING INTEREST OF AN ENCUMBRANCER OR OWNER OF THE REAL
PROPERTY IF THE DEBTOR HAS AN INTEREST OF RECORD IN OR IS IN POSSESSION OF
THE REAL PROPERTY.
47-9335
.
Accessions
A. A SECURITY INTEREST MAY BE CREATED IN AN ACCESSION AND CONTINUES IN COLLATERAL THAT BECOMES AN ACCESSION.
B. IF A SECURITY INTEREST IS PERFECTED WHEN THE COLLATERAL BECOMES AN
ACCESSION, THE SECURITY INTEREST REMAINS PERFECTED IN THE COLLATERAL.
C. EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE PROVIDED IN SUBSECTION D OF THIS SECTION, THE
OTHER PROVISIONS OF THIS ARTICLE DETERMINE THE PRIORITY OF A SECURITY
INTEREST IN AN ACCESSION.
D. A SECURITY INTEREST IN AN ACCESSION IS SUBORDINATE TO A SECURITY
INTEREST IN THE WHOLE THAT IS PERFECTED BY COMPLIANCE WITH THE REQUIREMENTS
OF A CERTIFICATE OF TITLE STATUTE UNDER SECTION 47-9311, SUBSECTION B.
E. AFTER DEFAULT, SUBJECT TO ARTICLE 6 OF THIS CHAPTER, A SECURED
PARTY MAY REMOVE AN ACCESSION FROM OTHER GOODS IF THE SECURITY INTEREST IN
THE ACCESSION HAS PRIORITY OVER THE CLAIMS OF EVERY PERSON HAVING AN INTEREST
IN THE WHOLE.
F. A SECURED PARTY THAT REMOVES AN ACCESSION FROM OTHER GOODS UNDER
SUBSECTION E OF THIS SECTION SHALL PROMPTLY REIMBURSE ANY HOLDER OF A
SECURITY INTEREST OR OTHER LIEN ON, OR OWNER OF, THE WHOLE OR OF THE OTHER
GOODS, OTHER THAN THE DEBTOR, FOR THE COST OF REPAIR OF ANY PHYSICAL INJURY
TO THE WHOLE OR THE OTHER GOODS. THE SECURED PARTY NEED NOT REIMBURSE THE
HOLDER OR OWNER FOR ANY DIMINUTION IN VALUE OF THE WHOLE OR THE OTHER GOODS
CAUSED BY THE ABSENCE OF THE ACCESSION REMOVED OR BY ANY NECESSITY FOR
REPLACING IT. A PERSON ENTITLED TO REIMBURSEMENT MAY REFUSE PERMISSION TO
REMOVE UNTIL THE SECURED PARTY GIVES ADEQUATE ASSURANCE FOR THE PERFORMANCE
OF THE OBLIGATION TO REIMBURSE.
47-9336
.
Commingled goods
A. IN THIS SECTION, "COMMINGLED GOODS" MEANS GOODS THAT ARE PHYSICALLY UNITED WITH OTHER GOODS IN SUCH A MANNER THAT THEIR IDENTITY IS LOST IN A
PRODUCT OR MASS.
B. A SECURITY INTEREST DOES NOT EXIST IN COMMINGLED GOODS AS SUCH.
HOWEVER, A SECURITY INTEREST MAY ATTACH TO A PRODUCT OR MASS THAT RESULTS
WHEN GOODS BECOME COMMINGLED GOODS.
C. IF COLLATERAL BECOMES COMMINGLED GOODS, A SECURITY INTEREST
ATTACHES TO THE PRODUCT OR MASS.
D. IF A SECURITY INTEREST IN COLLATERAL IS PERFECTED BEFORE THE
COLLATERAL BECOMES COMMINGLED GOODS, THE SECURITY INTEREST THAT ATTACHES TO
THE PRODUCT OR MASS UNDER SUBSECTION C IS PERFECTED.
E. EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE PROVIDED IN SUBSECTION F, THE OTHER PROVISIONS
OF THIS ARTICLE DETERMINE THE PRIORITY OF A SECURITY INTEREST THAT ATTACHES
TO THE PRODUCT OR MASS UNDER SUBSECTION C.
F. IF MORE THAN ONE SECURITY INTEREST ATTACHES TO THE PRODUCT OR MASS
UNDER SUBSECTION C, THE FOLLOWING RULES DETERMINE PRIORITY:
1. A SECURITY INTEREST THAT IS PERFECTED UNDER SUBSECTION D HAS
PRIORITY OVER A SECURITY INTEREST THAT IS UNPERFECTED AT THE TIME THE
COLLATERAL BECOMES COMMINGLED GOODS.
2. IF MORE THAN ONE SECURITY INTEREST IS PERFECTED UNDER SUBSECTION
D, THE SECURITY INTERESTS RANK EQUALLY IN PROPORTION TO VALUE OF THE
COLLATERAL AT THE TIME IT BECAME COMMINGLED GOODS.
47-9337
.
Priority of security interests in goods covered by certificate of title
IF, WHILE A SECURITY INTEREST IN GOODS IS PERFECTED BY ANY METHOD UNDER THE LAW OF ANOTHER JURISDICTION, THIS STATE ISSUES A CERTIFICATE OF TITLE
THAT DOES NOT SHOW THAT THE GOODS ARE SUBJECT TO THE SECURITY INTEREST OR
CONTAIN A STATEMENT THAT THEY MAY BE SUBJECT TO SECURITY INTERESTS NOT SHOWN
ON THE CERTIFICATE:
1. A BUYER OF THE GOODS, OTHER THAN A PERSON IN THE BUSINESS OF
SELLING GOODS OF THAT KIND, TAKES FREE OF THE SECURITY INTEREST IF THE BUYER
GIVES VALUE AND RECEIVES DELIVERY OF THE GOODS AFTER ISSUANCE OF THE
CERTIFICATE AND WITHOUT KNOWLEDGE OF THE SECURITY INTEREST; AND
2. THE SECURITY INTEREST IS SUBORDINATE TO A CONFLICTING SECURITY
INTEREST IN THE GOODS THAT ATTACHES, AND IS PERFECTED UNDER SECTION 47-9311,
SUBSECTION B, AFTER ISSUANCE OF THE CERTIFICATE AND WITHOUT THE CONFLICTING
SECURED PARTY'S KNOWLEDGE OF THE SECURITY INTEREST.
47-9338
.
Priority of security interest or agricultural lien perfected by filed financing statement providing
certain incorrect information
IF A SECURITY INTEREST OR AGRICULTURAL LIEN IS PERFECTED BY A FILED FINANCING STATEMENT PROVIDING INFORMATION THAT IS DESCRIBED IN SECTION
47-9516, SUBSECTION B, PARAGRAPH 5 AND THAT IS INCORRECT AT THE TIME THE
FINANCING STATEMENT IS FILED:
1. THE SECURITY INTEREST OR AGRICULTURAL LIEN IS SUBORDINATE TO A
CONFLICTING PERFECTED SECURITY INTEREST IN THE COLLATERAL TO THE EXTENT THAT
THE HOLDER OF THE CONFLICTING SECURITY INTEREST GIVES VALUE IN REASONABLE
RELIANCE ON THE INCORRECT INFORMATION; AND
2. A PURCHASER, OTHER THAN A SECURED PARTY, OF THE COLLATERAL TAKES
FREE OF THE SECURITY INTEREST OR AGRICULTURAL LIEN TO THE EXTENT THAT, IN
REASONABLE RELIANCE ON THE INCORRECT INFORMATION, THE PURCHASER GIVES VALUE
AND, IN THE CASE OF CHATTEL PAPER, DOCUMENTS, GOODS, INSTRUMENTS OR A
SECURITY CERTIFICATE, RECEIVES DELIVERY OF THE COLLATERAL.
47-9339
.
Priority subject to subordination
THIS CHAPTER DOES NOT PRECLUDE SUBORDINATION BY AGREEMENT BY A PERSON ENTITLED TO PRIORITY.
47-9340
.
Effectiveness of right of recoupment or setoff against deposit account
A. EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE PROVIDED IN SUBSECTION C OF THIS SECTION, A BANK WITH WHICH A DEPOSIT ACCOUNT IS MAINTAINED MAY EXERCISE ANY RIGHT OF
RECOUPMENT OR SETOFF AGAINST A SECURED PARTY THAT HOLDS A SECURITY INTEREST
IN THE DEPOSIT ACCOUNT.
B. EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE PROVIDED IN SUBSECTION C OF THIS SECTION, THE
APPLICATION OF THIS CHAPTER TO A SECURITY INTEREST IN A DEPOSIT ACCOUNT DOES
NOT AFFECT A RIGHT OF RECOUPMENT OR SETOFF OF THE SECURED PARTY AS TO A
DEPOSIT ACCOUNT MAINTAINED WITH THE SECURED PARTY.
C. THE EXERCISE BY A BANK OF A SETOFF AGAINST A DEPOSIT ACCOUNT IS
INEFFECTIVE AGAINST A SECURED PARTY THAT HOLDS A SECURITY INTEREST IN THE
DEPOSIT ACCOUNT THAT IS PERFECTED BY CONTROL UNDER SECTION 47-9104,
SUBSECTION A, PARAGRAPH 3, IF THE SETOFF IS BASED ON A CLAIM AGAINST THE
DEBTOR.
47-9341
.
Bank's rights and duties with respect to deposit account
EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE PROVIDED IN SECTION 47-9340, SUBSECTION C, AND UNLESS THE BANK OTHERWISE AGREES IN AN AUTHENTICATED RECORD, A BANK'S RIGHTS
AND DUTIES WITH RESPECT TO A DEPOSIT ACCOUNT MAINTAINED WITH THE BANK ARE NOT
TERMINATED, SUSPENDED OR MODIFIED BY:
1. THE CREATION, ATTACHMENT OR PERFECTION OF A SECURITY INTEREST IN
THE DEPOSIT ACCOUNT;
2. THE BANK'S KNOWLEDGE OF THE SECURITY INTEREST; OR
3. THE BANK'S RECEIPT OF INSTRUCTIONS FROM THE SECURED PARTY.
47-9342
.
Bank's right to refuse to enter into or disclose existence of control agreement
THIS ARTICLE DOES NOT REQUIRE A BANK TO ENTER INTO AN AGREEMENT OF THE KIND DESCRIBED IN SECTION 47-9104, SUBSECTION A, PARAGRAPH 2, EVEN IF ITS
CUSTOMER SO REQUESTS OR DIRECTS. A BANK THAT HAS ENTERED INTO SUCH AN
AGREEMENT IS NOT REQUIRED TO CONFIRM THE EXISTENCE OF THE AGREEMENT TO
ANOTHER PERSON UNLESS REQUESTED TO DO SO BY ITS CUSTOMER.
Article 4. rights of third parties
47-9401
.
Alienability of debtor's rights
A. EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE PROVIDED IN SUBSECTION B OF THIS SECTION AND SECTIONS 47-9406, 47-9407, 47-9408 AND 47-9409, WHETHER A DEBTOR'S RIGHTS IN
COLLATERAL MAY BE VOLUNTARILY OR INVOLUNTARILY TRANSFERRED IS GOVERNED BY LAW
OTHER THAN THIS CHAPTER.
B. AN AGREEMENT BETWEEN THE DEBTOR AND SECURED PARTY THAT PROHIBITS
A TRANSFER OF THE DEBTOR'S RIGHTS IN COLLATERAL OR MAKES THE TRANSFER A
DEFAULT DOES NOT PREVENT THE TRANSFER FROM TAKING EFFECT.
47-9402
.
Secured party not obligated on contract of debtor or in tort
THE EXISTENCE OF A SECURITY INTEREST, AGRICULTURAL LIEN OR AUTHORITY GIVEN TO A DEBTOR TO DISPOSE OF OR USE COLLATERAL, WITHOUT MORE, DOES NOT
SUBJECT A SECURED PARTY TO LIABILITY IN CONTRACT OR TORT FOR THE DEBTOR'S
ACTS OR OMISSIONS.
47-9403
.
Agreement not to assert defenses against assignee
A. IN THIS SECTION, "VALUE" HAS THE MEANING PROVIDED IN SECTION 47-3303, SUBSECTION A.
B. EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE PROVIDED IN THIS SECTION, AN AGREEMENT BETWEEN
AN ACCOUNT DEBTOR AND AN ASSIGNOR NOT TO ASSERT AGAINST AN ASSIGNEE ANY CLAIM
OR DEFENSE THAT THE ACCOUNT DEBTOR MAY HAVE AGAINST THE ASSIGNOR IS
ENFORCEABLE BY AN ASSIGNEE THAT TAKES AN ASSIGNMENT:
1. FOR VALUE;
2. IN GOOD FAITH;
3. WITHOUT NOTICE OF A CLAIM OF A PROPERTY OR POSSESSORY RIGHT TO THE
PROPERTY ASSIGNED; AND
4. WITHOUT NOTICE OF A DEFENSE OR CLAIM IN RECOUPMENT OF THE TYPE THAT
MAY BE ASSERTED AGAINST A PERSON ENTITLED TO ENFORCE A NEGOTIABLE INSTRUMENT
UNDER SECTION 47-3305, SUBSECTION A.
C. SUBSECTION B OF THIS SECTION DOES NOT APPLY TO DEFENSES OF A TYPE
THAT MAY BE ASSERTED AGAINST A HOLDER IN DUE COURSE OF A NEGOTIABLE
INSTRUMENT UNDER SECTION 47-3305, SUBSECTION B.
D. IN A CONSUMER TRANSACTION, IF A RECORD EVIDENCES THE ACCOUNT
DEBTOR'S OBLIGATION, LAW OTHER THAN THIS CHAPTER REQUIRES THAT THE RECORD
INCLUDE A STATEMENT TO THE EFFECT THAT THE RIGHTS OF AN ASSIGNEE ARE SUBJECT
TO CLAIMS OR DEFENSES THAT THE ACCOUNT DEBTOR COULD ASSERT AGAINST THE
ORIGINAL OBLIGEE, AND THE RECORD DOES NOT INCLUDE SUCH A STATEMENT:
1. THE RECORD HAS THE SAME EFFECT AS IF THE RECORD INCLUDED SUCH A
STATEMENT; AND
2. THE ACCOUNT DEBTOR MAY ASSERT AGAINST AN ASSIGNEE THOSE CLAIMS AND
DEFENSES THAT WOULD HAVE BEEN AVAILABLE IF THE RECORD INCLUDED SUCH A
STATEMENT.
E. THIS SECTION IS SUBJECT TO LAW OTHER THAN THIS CHAPTER THAT
ESTABLISHES A DIFFERENT RULE FOR AN ACCOUNT DEBTOR WHO IS AN INDIVIDUAL AND
WHO INCURRED THE OBLIGATION PRIMARILY FOR PERSONAL, FAMILY OR HOUSEHOLD
PURPOSES.
F. EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE PROVIDED IN SUBSECTION D OF THIS SECTION, THIS
SECTION DOES NOT DISPLACE LAW OTHER THAN THIS CHAPTER THAT GIVES EFFECT TO
AN AGREEMENT BY AN ACCOUNT DEBTOR NOT TO ASSERT A CLAIM OR DEFENSE AGAINST
AN ASSIGNEE.
47-9404
.
Rights acquired by assignee; claims and defenses against assignee
A. UNLESS AN ACCOUNT DEBTOR HAS MADE AN ENFORCEABLE AGREEMENT NOT TO ASSERT DEFENSES OR CLAIMS, AND SUBJECT TO SUBSECTIONS B THROUGH E, THE RIGHTS
OF AN ASSIGNEE ARE SUBJECT TO:
1. ALL TERMS OF THE AGREEMENT BETWEEN THE ACCOUNT DEBTOR AND ASSIGNOR
AND ANY DEFENSE OR CLAIM IN RECOUPMENT ARISING FROM THE TRANSACTION THAT GAVE
RISE TO THE CONTRACT; AND
2. ANY OTHER DEFENSE OR CLAIM OF THE ACCOUNT DEBTOR AGAINST THE
ASSIGNOR THAT ACCRUES BEFORE THE ACCOUNT DEBTOR RECEIVES A NOTIFICATION OF
THE ASSIGNMENT AUTHENTICATED BY THE ASSIGNOR OR THE ASSIGNEE.
B. SUBJECT TO SUBSECTION C AND EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE PROVIDED IN
SUBSECTION D, THE CLAIM OF AN ACCOUNT DEBTOR AGAINST AN ASSIGNOR MAY BE
ASSERTED AGAINST AN ASSIGNEE UNDER SUBSECTION A ONLY TO REDUCE THE AMOUNT THE
ACCOUNT DEBTOR OWES.
C. THIS SECTION IS SUBJECT TO LAW OTHER THAN THIS CHAPTER THAT
ESTABLISHES A DIFFERENT RULE FOR AN ACCOUNT DEBTOR WHO IS AN INDIVIDUAL AND
WHO INCURRED THE OBLIGATION PRIMARILY FOR PERSONAL, FAMILY OR HOUSEHOLD
PURPOSES.
D. IN A CONSUMER TRANSACTION, IF A RECORD EVIDENCES THE ACCOUNT
DEBTOR'S OBLIGATION, LAW OTHER THAN THIS CHAPTER REQUIRES THAT THE RECORD
INCLUDE A STATEMENT TO THE EFFECT THAT THE ACCOUNT DEBTOR'S RECOVERY AGAINST
AN ASSIGNEE WITH RESPECT TO CLAIMS AND DEFENSES AGAINST THE ASSIGNOR MAY NOT
EXCEED AMOUNTS PAID BY THE ACCOUNT DEBTOR UNDER THE RECORD, AND THE RECORD
DOES NOT INCLUDE SUCH A STATEMENT, THE EXTENT TO WHICH A CLAIM OF AN ACCOUNT DEBTOR AGAINST THE ASSIGNOR MAY BE ASSERTED AGAINST AN ASSIGNEE IS DETERMINED
AS IF THE RECORD INCLUDED SUCH A STATEMENT.
E. THIS SECTION DOES NOT APPLY TO AN ASSIGNMENT OF A
HEALTH-CARE-INSURANCE RECEIVABLE.
47-9405
.
Modification of assigned contract
A. A MODIFICATION OF OR SUBSTITUTION FOR AN ASSIGNED CONTRACT IS EFFECTIVE AGAINST AN ASSIGNEE IF MADE IN GOOD FAITH. THE ASSIGNEE ACQUIRES
CORRESPONDING RIGHTS UNDER THE MODIFIED OR SUBSTITUTED CONTRACT. THE
ASSIGNMENT MAY PROVIDE THAT THE MODIFICATION OR SUBSTITUTION IS A BREACH OF
CONTRACT BY THE ASSIGNOR. THIS SUBSECTION IS SUBJECT TO SUBSECTIONS B, C AND
D OF THIS SECTION.
B. SUBSECTION A OF THIS SECTION APPLIES TO THE EXTENT THAT:
1. THE RIGHT TO PAYMENT OR A PART THEREOF UNDER AN ASSIGNED CONTRACT
HAS NOT BEEN FULLY EARNED BY PERFORMANCE; OR
2. THE RIGHT TO PAYMENT OR A PART THEREOF HAS BEEN FULLY EARNED BY
PERFORMANCE AND THE ACCOUNT DEBTOR HAS NOT RECEIVED NOTIFICATION OF THE
ASSIGNMENT UNDER SECTION 47-9406, SUBSECTION A.
C. THIS SECTION IS SUBJECT TO LAW OTHER THAN THIS CHAPTER THAT
ESTABLISHES A DIFFERENT RULE FOR AN ACCOUNT DEBTOR WHO IS AN INDIVIDUAL AND
WHO INCURRED THE OBLIGATION PRIMARILY FOR PERSONAL, FAMILY OR HOUSEHOLD
PURPOSES.
D. THIS SECTION DOES NOT APPLY TO AN ASSIGNMENT OF A
HEALTH-CARE-INSURANCE RECEIVABLE.
47-9406
.
Discharge of account debtor; notification of assignment; identification and proof of assignment;
restrictions on assignment of accounts, chattel
paper, payment intangibles and promissory notes
ineffective
A. SUBJECT TO SUBSECTIONS B THROUGH H OF THIS SECTION, AN ACCOUNT DEBTOR ON AN ACCOUNT, CHATTEL PAPER OR A PAYMENT INTANGIBLE MAY DISCHARGE ITS
OBLIGATION BY PAYING THE ASSIGNOR UNTIL, BUT NOT AFTER, THE ACCOUNT DEBTOR
RECEIVES A NOTIFICATION, AUTHENTICATED BY THE ASSIGNOR OR THE ASSIGNEE, THAT
THE AMOUNT DUE OR TO BECOME DUE HAS BEEN ASSIGNED AND THAT PAYMENT IS TO BE
MADE TO THE ASSIGNEE. AFTER RECEIPT OF THE NOTIFICATION, THE ACCOUNT DEBTOR
MAY DISCHARGE ITS OBLIGATION BY PAYING THE ASSIGNEE AND MAY NOT DISCHARGE THE
OBLIGATION BY PAYING THE ASSIGNOR.
B. SUBJECT TO SUBSECTION H OF THIS SECTION, NOTIFICATION IS
INEFFECTIVE UNDER SUBSECTION A OF THIS SECTION:
1. IF IT DOES NOT REASONABLY IDENTIFY THE RIGHTS ASSIGNED;
2. TO THE EXTENT THAT AN AGREEMENT BETWEEN AN ACCOUNT DEBTOR AND A
SELLER OF A PAYMENT INTANGIBLE LIMITS THE ACCOUNT DEBTOR'S DUTY TO PAY A
PERSON OTHER THAN THE SELLER AND THE LIMITATION IS EFFECTIVE UNDER LAW OTHER
THAN THIS CHAPTER; OR
3. AT THE OPTION OF AN ACCOUNT DEBTOR, IF THE NOTIFICATION NOTIFIES
THE ACCOUNT DEBTOR TO MAKE LESS THAN THE FULL AMOUNT OF ANY INSTALLMENT OR
OTHER PERIODIC PAYMENT TO THE ASSIGNEE, EVEN IF:
(a)
ONLY A PORTION OF THE ACCOUNT, CHATTEL PAPER OR GENERAL INTANGIBLE HAS BEEN ASSIGNED TO THAT ASSIGNEE;
(b)
A PORTION HAS BEEN ASSIGNED TO ANOTHER ASSIGNEE; OR
(c)
THE ACCOUNT DEBTOR KNOWS THAT THE ASSIGNMENT TO THAT ASSIGNEE IS LIMITED.
C. SUBJECT TO SUBSECTION H OF THIS SECTION, IF REQUESTED BY THE
ACCOUNT DEBTOR, AN ASSIGNEE SHALL SEASONABLY FURNISH REASONABLE PROOF THAT
THE ASSIGNMENT HAS BEEN MADE. UNLESS THE ASSIGNEE COMPLIES, THE ACCOUNT
DEBTOR MAY DISCHARGE ITS OBLIGATION BY PAYING THE ASSIGNOR, EVEN IF THE
ACCOUNT DEBTOR HAS RECEIVED A NOTIFICATION UNDER SUBSECTION A OF THIS
SECTION.
D. EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE PROVIDED IN SUBSECTION E OF THIS SECTION AND
SECTIONS 47-2A303 AND 47-9407, AND SUBJECT TO SUBSECTION H OF THIS SECTION,
A TERM IN AN AGREEMENT BETWEEN AN ACCOUNT DEBTOR AND AN ASSIGNOR OR IN A
PROMISSORY NOTE IS INEFFECTIVE TO THE EXTENT THAT IT:
1. PROHIBITS, RESTRICTS OR REQUIRES THE CONSENT OF THE ACCOUNT DEBTOR
OR PERSON OBLIGATED ON THE PROMISSORY NOTE TO THE ASSIGNMENT OR TRANSFER OF,
OR THE CREATION, ATTACHMENT, PERFECTION OR ENFORCEMENT OF A SECURITY INTEREST
IN, THE ACCOUNT, CHATTEL PAPER, PAYMENT INTANGIBLE OR PROMISSORY NOTE; OR
2. PROVIDES THAT THE CREATION, ATTACHMENT, PERFECTION OR ENFORCEMENT
OF THE SECURITY INTEREST MAY GIVE RISE TO A DEFAULT, BREACH, RIGHT OF
RECOUPMENT, CLAIM, DEFENSE, TERMINATION, RIGHT OF TERMINATION OR REMEDY UNDER
THE ACCOUNT, CHATTEL PAPER, PAYMENT INTANGIBLE OR PROMISSORY NOTE.
E. SUBSECTION D OF THIS SECTION DOES NOT APPLY TO THE SALE OF A
PAYMENT INTANGIBLE OR PROMISSORY NOTE.
F. EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE PROVIDED IN SECTIONS 47-2A303 AND 47-9407 AND
SUBJECT TO SUBSECTIONS H AND J OF THIS SECTION, A RULE OF LAW, STATUTE OR
REGULATION THAT PROHIBITS, RESTRICTS OR REQUIRES THE CONSENT OF A GOVERNMENT,
GOVERNMENTAL BODY OR OFFICIAL, OR ACCOUNT DEBTOR TO THE ASSIGNMENT OR
TRANSFER OF, OR CREATION OF A SECURITY INTEREST IN, AN ACCOUNT OR CHATTEL
PAPER, IS INEFFECTIVE TO THE EXTENT THAT THE RULE OF LAW, STATUTE OR
REGULATION:
1. PROHIBITS, RESTRICTS OR REQUIRES THE CONSENT OF THE GOVERNMENT,
GOVERNMENTAL BODY OR OFFICIAL, OR ACCOUNT DEBTOR TO THE ASSIGNMENT OR
TRANSFER OF, OR THE CREATION, ATTACHMENT, PERFECTION OR ENFORCEMENT OF A
SECURITY INTEREST IN, THE ACCOUNT OR CHATTEL PAPER; OR
2. PROVIDES THAT THE CREATION, ATTACHMENT, PERFECTION OR ENFORCEMENT
OF THE SECURITY INTEREST MAY GIVE RISE TO A DEFAULT, BREACH, RIGHT OF
RECOUPMENT, CLAIM, DEFENSE, TERMINATION, RIGHT OF TERMINATION OR REMEDY UNDER
THE ACCOUNT OR CHATTEL PAPER.
G. SUBJECT TO SUBSECTION H OF THIS SECTION, AN ACCOUNT DEBTOR SHALL
NOT WAIVE OR VARY ITS OPTION UNDER SUBSECTION B, PARAGRAPH 3 OF THIS SECTION.
H. THIS SECTION IS SUBJECT TO LAW OTHER THAN THIS CHAPTER THAT
ESTABLISHES A DIFFERENT RULE FOR AN ACCOUNT DEBTOR WHO IS AN INDIVIDUAL AND
WHO INCURRED THE OBLIGATION PRIMARILY FOR PERSONAL, FAMILY OR HOUSEHOLD
PURPOSES.
I. THIS SECTION DOES NOT APPLY TO AN ASSIGNMENT OF A
HEALTH-CARE-INSURANCE RECEIVABLE.
J. THIS SECTION PREVAILS OVER ANY INCONSISTENT PROVISIONS IN ANY
STATUTES, RULES AND REGULATIONS.
47-9407
.
Restrictions on creation or enforcement of security interest in leasehold interest or in lessor's
residual interest
A. EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE PROVIDED IN SUBSECTION B OF THIS SECTION, A TERM IN A LEASE AGREEMENT IS INEFFECTIVE TO THE EXTENT THAT IT:
1. PROHIBITS, RESTRICTS OR REQUIRES THE CONSENT OF A PARTY TO THE
LEASE TO THE CREATION, ATTACHMENT, PERFECTION OR ENFORCEMENT OF A SECURITY
INTEREST IN AN INTEREST OF A PARTY UNDER THE LEASE CONTRACT OR IN THE
LESSOR'S RESIDUAL INTEREST IN THE GOODS; OR
2. PROVIDES THAT THE CREATION, ATTACHMENT, PERFECTION OR ENFORCEMENT
OF THE SECURITY INTEREST MAY GIVE RISE TO A DEFAULT, BREACH, RIGHT OF
RECOUPMENT, CLAIM, DEFENSE, TERMINATION, RIGHT OF TERMINATION OR REMEDY UNDER
THE LEASE.
B. EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE PROVIDED IN SECTION 47-2A303, SUBSECTION G, A
TERM DESCRIBED IN SUBSECTION A, PARAGRAPH 2 OF THIS SECTION IS EFFECTIVE TO
THE EXTENT THAT THERE IS:
1. A TRANSFER BY THE LESSEE OF THE LESSEE'S RIGHT OF POSSESSION OR USE
OF THE GOODS IN VIOLATION OF THE TERM; OR
2. A DELEGATION OF A MATERIAL PERFORMANCE OF EITHER PARTY TO THE LEASE
CONTRACT IN VIOLATION OF THE TERM.
C. THE CREATION, ATTACHMENT, PERFECTION OR ENFORCEMENT OF A SECURITY
INTEREST IN THE LESSOR'S INTEREST UNDER THE LEASE CONTRACT OR THE LESSOR'S
RESIDUAL INTEREST IN THE GOODS IS NOT A TRANSFER THAT MATERIALLY IMPAIRS THE
LESSEE'S PROSPECT OF OBTAINING RETURN PERFORMANCE OR MATERIALLY CHANGES THE
DUTY OF OR MATERIALLY INCREASES THE BURDEN OR RISK IMPOSED ON THE LESSEE
WITHIN THE PURVIEW OF SECTION 47-2A303, SUBSECTION D UNLESS, AND THEN ONLY
TO THE EXTENT THAT, ENFORCEMENT ACTUALLY RESULTS IN A DELEGATION OF MATERIAL
PERFORMANCE OF THE LESSOR. EVEN IN THAT EVENT, THE CREATION, ATTACHMENT,
PERFECTION AND ENFORCEMENT OF THE SECURITY INTEREST REMAIN EFFECTIVE.
47-9408
.
Restrictions on assignment of promissory notes, health-care-insurance receivables and certain
general intangibles ineffective
A. EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE PROVIDED IN SUBSECTION B, A TERM IN A PROMISSORY NOTE OR IN AN AGREEMENT BETWEEN AN ACCOUNT DEBTOR AND A DEBTOR THAT RELATES TO A HEALTH-CARE-INSURANCE RECEIVABLE OR A GENERAL INTANGIBLE,
INCLUDING A CONTRACT, PERMIT, LICENSE OR FRANCHISE, AND WHICH TERM PROHIBITS,
RESTRICTS OR REQUIRES THE CONSENT OF THE PERSON OBLIGATED ON THE PROMISSORY
NOTE OR THE ACCOUNT DEBTOR TO, THE ASSIGNMENT OR TRANSFER OF, OR CREATION,
ATTACHMENT OR PERFECTION OF A SECURITY INTEREST IN, THE PROMISSORY NOTE,
HEALTH-CARE-INSURANCE RECEIVABLE OR GENERAL INTANGIBLE, IS INEFFECTIVE TO THE
EXTENT THAT THE TERM:
1. WOULD IMPAIR THE CREATION, ATTACHMENT OR PERFECTION OF A SECURITY
INTEREST; OR
2. PROVIDES THAT THE CREATION, ATTACHMENT OR PERFECTION OF THE
SECURITY INTEREST MAY GIVE RISE TO A DEFAULT, BREACH, RIGHT OF RECOUPMENT,
CLAIM, DEFENSE, TERMINATION, RIGHT OF TERMINATION OR REMEDY UNDER THE
PROMISSORY NOTE, HEALTH-CARE-INSURANCE RECEIVABLE OR GENERAL INTANGIBLE.
B. SUBSECTION A APPLIES TO A SECURITY INTEREST IN A PAYMENT INTANGIBLE
OR PROMISSORY NOTE ONLY IF THE SECURITY INTEREST ARISES OUT OF A SALE OF THE
PAYMENT INTANGIBLE OR PROMISSORY NOTE.
C. A RULE OF LAW, STATUTE OR REGULATION THAT PROHIBITS, RESTRICTS OR
REQUIRES THE CONSENT OF A GOVERNMENT, GOVERNMENTAL BODY OR OFFICIAL, PERSON
OBLIGATED ON A PROMISSORY NOTE OR ACCOUNT DEBTOR TO THE ASSIGNMENT OR
TRANSFER OF, OR CREATION OF A SECURITY INTEREST IN, A PROMISSORY NOTE,
HEALTH-CARE-INSURANCE RECEIVABLE OR GENERAL INTANGIBLE, INCLUDING A CONTRACT,
PERMIT, LICENSE OR FRANCHISE BETWEEN AN ACCOUNT DEBTOR AND A DEBTOR, IS
INEFFECTIVE TO THE EXTENT THAT THE RULE OF LAW, STATUTE OR REGULATION:
1. WOULD IMPAIR THE CREATION, ATTACHMENT OR PERFECTION OF A SECURITY
INTEREST; OR
2. PROVIDES THAT THE CREATION, ATTACHMENT OR PERFECTION OF THE
SECURITY INTEREST MAY GIVE RISE TO A DEFAULT, BREACH, RIGHT OF RECOUPMENT,
CLAIM, DEFENSE, TERMINATION, RIGHT OF TERMINATION OR REMEDY UNDER THE
PROMISSORY NOTE, HEALTH-CARE-INSURANCE RECEIVABLE OR GENERAL INTANGIBLE.
D. TO THE EXTENT THAT A TERM IN A PROMISSORY NOTE OR IN AN AGREEMENT
BETWEEN AN ACCOUNT DEBTOR AND A DEBTOR THAT RELATES TO A
HEALTH-CARE-INSURANCE RECEIVABLE OR GENERAL INTANGIBLE OR A RULE OF LAW,
STATUTE OR REGULATION DESCRIBED IN SUBSECTION C WOULD BE EFFECTIVE UNDER LAW
OTHER THAN THIS CHAPTER BUT IS INEFFECTIVE UNDER SUBSECTION A OR C, THE
CREATION, ATTACHMENT OR PERFECTION OF A SECURITY INTEREST IN THE PROMISSORY
NOTE, HEALTH-CARE-INSURANCE RECEIVABLE OR GENERAL INTANGIBLE:
1. IS NOT ENFORCEABLE AGAINST THE PERSON OBLIGATED ON THE PROMISSORY
NOTE OR THE ACCOUNT DEBTOR;
2. DOES NOT IMPOSE A DUTY OR OBLIGATION ON THE PERSON OBLIGATED ON THE
PROMISSORY NOTE OR THE ACCOUNT DEBTOR;
3. DOES NOT REQUIRE THE PERSON OBLIGATED ON THE PROMISSORY NOTE OR THE
ACCOUNT DEBTOR TO RECOGNIZE THE SECURITY INTEREST, PAY OR RENDER PERFORMANCE
TO THE SECURED PARTY OR ACCEPT PAYMENT OR PERFORMANCE FROM THE SECURED PARTY;
4. DOES NOT ENTITLE THE SECURED PARTY TO USE OR ASSIGN THE DEBTOR'S
RIGHTS UNDER THE PROMISSORY NOTE, HEALTH-CARE-INSURANCE RECEIVABLE OR GENERAL
INTANGIBLE, INCLUDING ANY RELATED INFORMATION OR MATERIALS FURNISHED TO THE
DEBTOR IN THE TRANSACTION GIVING RISE TO THE PROMISSORY NOTE,
HEALTH-CARE-INSURANCE RECEIVABLE OR GENERAL INTANGIBLE;
5. DOES NOT ENTITLE THE SECURED PARTY TO USE, ASSIGN, POSSESS OR HAVE
ACCESS TO ANY TRADE SECRETS OR CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION OF THE PERSON
OBLIGATED ON THE PROMISSORY NOTE OR THE ACCOUNT DEBTOR; AND
6. DOES NOT ENTITLE THE SECURED PARTY TO ENFORCE THE SECURITY INTEREST
IN THE PROMISSORY NOTE, HEALTH-CARE-INSURANCE RECEIVABLE OR GENERAL
INTANGIBLE.
E. THIS SECTION PREVAILS OVER ANY INCONSISTENT PROVISIONS IN TITLE 33,
CHAPTER 7.
47-9409
.
Restrictions on assignment of letter-of-credit rights ineffective
A. A TERM IN A LETTER OF CREDIT OR A RULE OF LAW, STATUTE, REGULATION, CUSTOM OR PRACTICE APPLICABLE TO THE LETTER OF CREDIT THAT PROHIBITS,
RESTRICTS OR REQUIRES THE CONSENT OF AN APPLICANT, ISSUER OR NOMINATED PERSON
TO A BENEFICIARY'S ASSIGNMENT OF OR CREATION OF A SECURITY INTEREST IN A
LETTER-OF-CREDIT RIGHT IS INEFFECTIVE TO THE EXTENT THAT THE TERM OR RULE OF
LAW, STATUTE, REGULATION, CUSTOM OR PRACTICE:
1. WOULD IMPAIR THE CREATION, ATTACHMENT OR PERFECTION OF A SECURITY
INTEREST IN THE LETTER-OF-CREDIT RIGHT; OR
2. PROVIDES THAT THE CREATION, ATTACHMENT OR PERFECTION OF THE
SECURITY INTEREST MAY GIVE RISE TO A DEFAULT, BREACH, RIGHT OF RECOUPMENT,
CLAIM, DEFENSE, TERMINATION, RIGHT OF TERMINATION OR REMEDY UNDER THE
LETTER-OF-CREDIT RIGHT.
B. TO THE EXTENT THAT A TERM IN A LETTER OF CREDIT IS INEFFECTIVE
UNDER SUBSECTION A BUT WOULD BE EFFECTIVE UNDER LAW OTHER THAN THIS CHAPTER
OR A CUSTOM OR PRACTICE APPLICABLE TO THE LETTER OF CREDIT, TO THE TRANSFER
OF A RIGHT TO DRAW OR OTHERWISE DEMAND PERFORMANCE UNDER THE LETTER OF CREDIT
OR TO THE ASSIGNMENT OF A RIGHT TO PROCEEDS OF THE LETTER OF CREDIT, THE
CREATION, ATTACHMENT OR PERFECTION OF A SECURITY INTEREST IN THE LETTER-OF-CREDIT RIGHT:
1. IS NOT ENFORCEABLE AGAINST THE APPLICANT, ISSUER, NOMINATED PERSON
OR TRANSFEREE BENEFICIARY;
2. IMPOSES NO DUTIES OR OBLIGATIONS ON THE APPLICANT, ISSUER,
NOMINATED PERSON OR TRANSFEREE BENEFICIARY; AND
3. DOES NOT REQUIRE THE APPLICANT, ISSUER, NOMINATED PERSON OR
TRANSFEREE BENEFICIARY TO RECOGNIZE THE SECURITY INTEREST, PAY OR RENDER
PERFORMANCE TO THE SECURED PARTY OR ACCEPT PAYMENT OR OTHER PERFORMANCE FROM
THE SECURED PARTY.
article 5. Filing
47-9501
.
Filing office
A. EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE PROVIDED IN SUBSECTION B, IF THE LOCAL LAW OF THIS STATE GOVERNS PERFECTION OF A SECURITY INTEREST OR AGRICULTURAL LIEN,
THE OFFICE IN WHICH TO FILE A FINANCING STATEMENT TO PERFECT THE SECURITY
INTEREST OR AGRICULTURAL LIEN IS:
1. THE OFFICE DESIGNATED FOR THE FILING OR RECORDING OF A RECORD OF
A MORTGAGE ON THE RELATED REAL PROPERTY, IF:
(a)
THE COLLATERAL IS AS-EXTRACTED COLLATERAL OR TIMBER TO BE CUT; OR
(b)
THE FINANCING STATEMENT IS FILED AS A FIXTURE FILING AND THE COLLATERAL IS GOODS THAT ARE OR ARE TO BECOME FIXTURES; OR
2. THE OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY OF STATE, IN ALL OTHER CASES, INCLUDING
A CASE IN WHICH THE COLLATERAL IS GOODS THAT ARE OR ARE TO BECOME FIXTURES
AND THE FINANCING STATEMENT IS NOT FILED AS A FIXTURE FILING.
B. THE OFFICE IN WHICH TO FILE A FINANCING STATEMENT TO PERFECT A
SECURITY INTEREST IN COLLATERAL, INCLUDING FIXTURES, OF A TRANSMITTING
UTILITY IS THE OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY OF STATE. THE FINANCING STATEMENT
ALSO CONSTITUTES A FIXTURE FILING AS TO THE COLLATERAL INDICATED IN THE
FINANCING STATEMENT THAT IS OR IS TO BECOME FIXTURES.
47-9502
.
Contents of financing statement; record of mortgage as financing statement; time of filing financing
statement
A. SUBJECT TO SUBSECTION B OF THIS SECTION, A FINANCING STATEMENT IS SUFFICIENT ONLY IF IT:
1. PROVIDES THE NAME OF THE DEBTOR;
2. PROVIDES THE NAME OF THE SECURED PARTY OR A REPRESENTATIVE OF THE
SECURED PARTY; AND
3. INDICATES THE COLLATERAL COVERED BY THE FINANCING STATEMENT.
B. EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE PROVIDED IN SECTION 47-9501, SUBSECTION B, TO
BE SUFFICIENT, A FINANCING STATEMENT THAT COVERS AS-EXTRACTED COLLATERAL OR
TIMBER TO BE CUT, OR THAT IS FILED AS A FIXTURE FILING AND COVERS GOODS THAT
ARE OR ARE TO BECOME FIXTURES, MUST SATISFY SUBSECTION A OF THIS SECTION AND
ALSO:
1. INDICATE THAT IT COVERS THIS TYPE OF COLLATERAL;
2. INDICATE THAT IT IS TO BE FILED IN THE REAL PROPERTY RECORDS;
3. PROVIDE A DESCRIPTION OF THE REAL PROPERTY TO WHICH THE COLLATERAL
IS RELATED; AND
4. IF THE DEBTOR DOES NOT HAVE AN INTEREST OF RECORD IN THE REAL
PROPERTY, PROVIDE THE NAME OF A RECORD OWNER.
C. A RECORD OF A MORTGAGE IS EFFECTIVE, FROM THE DATE OF RECORDING,
AS A FINANCING STATEMENT FILED AS A FIXTURE FILING OR AS A FINANCING
STATEMENT COVERING AS-EXTRACTED COLLATERAL OR TIMBER TO BE CUT ONLY IF:
1. THE RECORD INDICATES THE GOODS OR ACCOUNTS THAT IT COVERS;
2. THE GOODS ARE OR ARE TO BECOME FIXTURES RELATED TO THE REAL
PROPERTY DESCRIBED IN THE RECORD OR THE COLLATERAL IS RELATED TO THE REAL PROPERTY DESCRIBED IN THE RECORD AND IS AS-EXTRACTED COLLATERAL OR TIMBER TO
BE CUT;
3. THE RECORD SATISFIES THE REQUIREMENTS FOR A FINANCING STATEMENT IN
THIS SECTION OTHER THAN AN INDICATION THAT IT IS TO BE FILED IN THE REAL
PROPERTY RECORDS; AND
4. THE RECORD IS RECORDED.
D. A FINANCING STATEMENT MAY BE FILED BEFORE A SECURITY AGREEMENT IS
MADE OR A SECURITY INTEREST OTHERWISE ATTACHES.
47-9503
.
Name of debtor and secured party
A. A FINANCING STATEMENT SUFFICIENTLY PROVIDES THE NAME OF THE DEBTOR:
1. IF THE DEBTOR IS A REGISTERED ORGANIZATION, ONLY IF THE FINANCING
STATEMENT PROVIDES THE NAME OF THE DEBTOR INDICATED ON THE PUBLIC RECORD OF
THE DEBTOR'S JURISDICTION OF ORGANIZATION THAT SHOWS THE DEBTOR TO HAVE BEEN
ORGANIZED;
2. IF THE DEBTOR IS A DECEDENT'S ESTATE, ONLY IF THE FINANCING
STATEMENT PROVIDES THE NAME OF THE DECEDENT AND INDICATES THAT THE DEBTOR IS
AN ESTATE;
3. IF THE DEBTOR IS A TRUST OR A TRUSTEE ACTING WITH RESPECT TO
PROPERTY HELD IN TRUST, ONLY IF THE FINANCING STATEMENT:
(a)
PROVIDES THE NAME SPECIFIED FOR THE TRUST IN ITS ORGANIC DOCUMENTS OR, IF NO NAME IS SPECIFIED, PROVIDES THE NAME OF THE SETTLOR AND ADDITIONAL
INFORMATION SUFFICIENT TO DISTINGUISH THE DEBTOR FROM OTHER TRUSTS HAVING ONE
OR MORE OF THE SAME SETTLORS; AND
(b)
INDICATES, IN THE DEBTOR'S NAME OR OTHERWISE, THAT THE DEBTOR IS A TRUST OR IS A TRUSTEE ACTING WITH RESPECT TO PROPERTY HELD IN TRUST; AND
4. IN OTHER CASES:
(a)
IF THE DEBTOR HAS A NAME, ONLY IF IT PROVIDES THE INDIVIDUAL OR ORGANIZATIONAL NAME OF THE DEBTOR; AND
(b)
IF THE DEBTOR DOES NOT HAVE A NAME, ONLY IF IT PROVIDES THE NAMES OF THE PARTNERS, MEMBERS, ASSOCIATES OR OTHER PERSONS COMPRISING THE DEBTOR.
B. A FINANCING STATEMENT THAT PROVIDES THE NAME OF THE DEBTOR IN
ACCORDANCE WITH SUBSECTION A IS NOT RENDERED INEFFECTIVE BY THE ABSENCE OF:
1. A TRADE NAME OR OTHER NAME OF THE DEBTOR; OR
2. UNLESS REQUIRED UNDER SUBSECTION A, PARAGRAPH 4, SUBDIVISION
(b)
, NAMES OF PARTNERS, MEMBERS, ASSOCIATES OR OTHER PERSONS COMPRISING THE
DEBTOR.
C. A FINANCING STATEMENT THAT PROVIDES ONLY THE DEBTOR'S TRADE NAME
DOES NOT SUFFICIENTLY PROVIDE THE NAME OF THE DEBTOR.
D. FAILURE TO INDICATE THE REPRESENTATIVE CAPACITY OF A SECURED PARTY
OR REPRESENTATIVE OF A SECURED PARTY DOES NOT AFFECT THE SUFFICIENCY OF A
FINANCING STATEMENT.
E. A FINANCING STATEMENT MAY PROVIDE THE NAME OF MORE THAN ONE DEBTOR
AND THE NAME OF MORE THAN ONE SECURED PARTY.
47-9504
.
Indication of collateral
A FINANCING STATEMENT SUFFICIENTLY INDICATES THE COLLATERAL THAT IT COVERS ONLY IF THE FINANCING STATEMENT PROVIDES:
1. A DESCRIPTION OF THE COLLATERAL PURSUANT TO SECTION 47-9108; OR
2. AN INDICATION THAT THE FINANCING STATEMENT COVERS ALL ASSETS OR ALL
PERSONAL PROPERTY.
47-9505
.
Filing and compliance with other statutes and treaties for consignments, leases, other bailments and other
transactions
A. A CONSIGNOR, LESSOR OR OTHER BAILOR OF GOODS, A LICENSOR, OR A BUYER OF A PAYMENT INTANGIBLE OR PROMISSORY NOTE MAY FILE A FINANCING
STATEMENT, OR MAY COMPLY WITH A STATUTE OR TREATY DESCRIBED IN SECTION
47-9311, SUBSECTION A, USING THE TERMS "CONSIGNOR", "CONSIGNEE", "LESSOR",
"LESSEE", "BAILOR", "BAILEE", "LICENSOR", "LICENSEE", "OWNER", "REGISTERED
OWNER", "BUYER", "SELLER" OR WORDS OF SIMILAR IMPORT INSTEAD OF THE TERMS
"SECURED PARTY" AND "DEBTOR".
B. THIS ARTICLE APPLIES TO THE FILING OF A FINANCING STATEMENT UNDER
SUBSECTION A OF THIS SECTION AND, AS APPROPRIATE, TO COMPLIANCE THAT IS
EQUIVALENT TO FILING A FINANCING STATEMENT UNDER SECTION 47-9311, SUBSECTION
B, BUT THE FILING OR COMPLIANCE IS NOT OF ITSELF A FACTOR IN DETERMINING
WHETHER THE COLLATERAL SECURES AN OBLIGATION. IF IT IS DETERMINED FOR
ANOTHER REASON THAT THE COLLATERAL SECURES AN OBLIGATION, A SECURITY INTEREST
HELD BY THE CONSIGNOR, LESSOR, BAILOR, LICENSOR, OWNER OR BUYER THAT ATTACHES
TO THE COLLATERAL IS PERFECTED BY THE FILING OR COMPLIANCE.
47-9506
.
Effect of errors or omissions
A. A FINANCING STATEMENT SUBSTANTIALLY SATISFYING THE REQUIREMENTS OF THIS ARTICLE IS EFFECTIVE, EVEN IF IT HAS MINOR ERRORS OR OMISSIONS, UNLESS
THE ERRORS OR OMISSIONS MAKE THE FINANCING STATEMENT SERIOUSLY MISLEADING.
B. EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE PROVIDED IN SUBSECTION C OF THIS SECTION, A
FINANCING STATEMENT THAT FAILS SUFFICIENTLY TO PROVIDE THE NAME OF THE DEBTOR
IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION 47-9503, SUBSECTION A IS SERIOUSLY MISLEADING.
C. IF A SEARCH OF THE RECORDS OF THE FILING OFFICE UNDER THE DEBTOR'S
CORRECT NAME, USING THE FILING OFFICE'S STANDARD SEARCH LOGIC, IF ANY, WOULD
DISCLOSE A FINANCING STATEMENT THAT FAILS SUFFICIENTLY TO PROVIDE THE NAME
OF THE DEBTOR IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION 47-9503, SUBSECTION A, THE NAME
PROVIDED DOES NOT MAKE THE FINANCING STATEMENT SERIOUSLY MISLEADING.
D. FOR PURPOSES OF SECTION 47-9508, SUBSECTION B, THE "DEBTOR'S
CORRECT NAME" IN SUBSECTION C OF THIS SECTION MEANS THE CORRECT NAME OF THE
NEW DEBTOR.
47-9507
.
Effect of certain events on effectiveness of financing statement
A. A FILED FINANCING STATEMENT REMAINS EFFECTIVE WITH RESPECT TO COLLATERAL THAT IS SOLD, EXCHANGED, LEASED, LICENSED OR OTHERWISE DISPOSED OF AND IN WHICH A SECURITY INTEREST OR AGRICULTURAL LIEN CONTINUES, EVEN IF
THE SECURED PARTY KNOWS OF OR CONSENTS TO THE DISPOSITION.
B. EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE PROVIDED IN SUBSECTION C OF THIS SECTION AND
SECTION 47-9508, A FINANCING STATEMENT IS NOT RENDERED INEFFECTIVE IF, AFTER
THE FINANCING STATEMENT IS FILED, THE INFORMATION PROVIDED IN THE FINANCING
STATEMENT BECOMES SERIOUSLY MISLEADING UNDER SECTION 47-9506.
C. IF A DEBTOR SO CHANGES ITS NAME THAT A FILED FINANCING STATEMENT
BECOMES SERIOUSLY MISLEADING UNDER SECTION 47-9506:
1. THE FINANCING STATEMENT IS EFFECTIVE TO PERFECT A SECURITY INTEREST
IN COLLATERAL ACQUIRED BY THE DEBTOR BEFORE, OR WITHIN FOUR MONTHS AFTER, THE
CHANGE; AND
2. THE FINANCING STATEMENT IS NOT EFFECTIVE TO PERFECT A SECURITY
INTEREST IN COLLATERAL ACQUIRED BY THE DEBTOR MORE THAN FOUR MONTHS AFTER THE
CHANGE, UNLESS AN AMENDMENT TO THE FINANCING STATEMENT THAT RENDERS THE
FINANCING STATEMENT NOT SERIOUSLY MISLEADING IS FILED WITHIN FOUR MONTHS
AFTER THE CHANGE.
47-9508
.
Effectiveness of financing statement if new debtor becomes bound by security agreement
A. EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE PROVIDED IN THIS SECTION, A FILED FINANCING STATEMENT NAMING AN ORIGINAL DEBTOR IS EFFECTIVE TO PERFECT A SECURITY
INTEREST IN COLLATERAL IN WHICH A NEW DEBTOR HAS OR ACQUIRES RIGHTS TO THE
EXTENT THAT THE FINANCING STATEMENT WOULD HAVE BEEN EFFECTIVE HAD THE
ORIGINAL DEBTOR ACQUIRED RIGHTS IN THE COLLATERAL.
B. IF THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE NAME OF THE ORIGINAL DEBTOR AND THAT
OF THE NEW DEBTOR CAUSES A FILED FINANCING STATEMENT THAT IS EFFECTIVE UNDER
SUBSECTION A OF THIS SECTION TO BE SERIOUSLY MISLEADING UNDER SECTION
47-9506:
1. THE FINANCING STATEMENT IS EFFECTIVE TO PERFECT A SECURITY INTEREST
IN COLLATERAL ACQUIRED BY THE NEW DEBTOR BEFORE, AND WITHIN FOUR MONTHS
AFTER, THE NEW DEBTOR BECOMES BOUND UNDER SECTION 47-9203, SUBSECTION D; AND
2. THE FINANCING STATEMENT IS NOT EFFECTIVE TO PERFECT A SECURITY
INTEREST IN COLLATERAL ACQUIRED BY THE NEW DEBTOR MORE THAN FOUR MONTHS AFTER
THE NEW DEBTOR BECOMES BOUND UNDER SECTION 47-9203, SUBSECTION D UNLESS AN
INITIAL FINANCING STATEMENT PROVIDING THE NAME OF THE NEW DEBTOR IS FILED
BEFORE THE EXPIRATION OF THAT TIME.
C. THIS SECTION DOES NOT APPLY TO COLLATERAL AS TO WHICH A FILED
FINANCING STATEMENT REMAINS EFFECTIVE AGAINST THE NEW DEBTOR UNDER SECTION
47-9507, SUBSECTION A.
47-9509
.
Persons entitled to file a record
A. A PERSON MAY FILE AN INITIAL FINANCING STATEMENT, AMENDMENT THAT ADDS COLLATERAL COVERED BY A FINANCING STATEMENT OR AMENDMENT THAT ADDS A
DEBTOR TO A FINANCING STATEMENT ONLY IF:
1. THE DEBTOR AUTHORIZES THE FILING IN AN AUTHENTICATED RECORD; OR
2. THE PERSON HOLDS AN AGRICULTURAL LIEN THAT HAS BECOME EFFECTIVE AT
THE TIME OF FILING AND THE FINANCING STATEMENT COVERS ONLY COLLATERAL IN
WHICH THE PERSON HOLDS AN AGRICULTURAL LIEN.
B. BY AUTHENTICATING OR BECOMING BOUND AS DEBTOR BY A SECURITY
AGREEMENT, A DEBTOR OR NEW DEBTOR AUTHORIZES THE FILING OF AN INITIAL
FINANCING STATEMENT, AND AN AMENDMENT, COVERING:
1. THE COLLATERAL DESCRIBED IN THE SECURITY AGREEMENT; AND
2. PROPERTY THAT BECOMES COLLATERAL UNDER SECTION 47-9315, SUBSECTION
A, PARAGRAPH 2, WHETHER OR NOT THE SECURITY AGREEMENT EXPRESSLY COVERS
PROCEEDS.
C. A PERSON MAY FILE AN AMENDMENT OTHER THAN AN AMENDMENT THAT ADDS
COLLATERAL COVERED BY A FINANCING STATEMENT OR AN AMENDMENT THAT ADDS A
DEBTOR TO A FINANCING STATEMENT ONLY IF:
1. THE SECURED PARTY OF RECORD AUTHORIZES THE FILING; OR
2. THE AMENDMENT IS A TERMINATION STATEMENT FOR A FINANCING STATEMENT
AS TO WHICH THE SECURED PARTY OF RECORD HAS FAILED TO FILE OR SEND A
TERMINATION STATEMENT AS REQUIRED BY SECTION 47-9513, SUBSECTION A OR C, THE
DEBTOR AUTHORIZES THE FILING AND THE TERMINATION STATEMENT INDICATES THAT THE
DEBTOR AUTHORIZED IT TO BE FILED.
D. IF THERE IS MORE THAN ONE SECURED PARTY OF RECORD FOR A FINANCING
STATEMENT, EACH SECURED PARTY OF RECORD MAY AUTHORIZE THE FILING OF AN
AMENDMENT UNDER SUBSECTION C OF THIS SECTION.
47-9510
.
Effectiveness of filed record
A. A FILED RECORD IS EFFECTIVE ONLY TO THE EXTENT THAT IT WAS FILED BY A PERSON THAT MAY FILE IT UNDER SECTION 47-9509.
B. A RECORD AUTHORIZED BY ONE SECURED PARTY OF RECORD DOES NOT AFFECT
THE FINANCING STATEMENT WITH RESPECT TO ANOTHER SECURED PARTY OF RECORD.
C. A CONTINUATION STATEMENT THAT IS NOT FILED WITHIN THE SIX MONTH
PERIOD PRESCRIBED BY SECTION 47-9515, SUBSECTION D IS INEFFECTIVE.
47-9511
.
Secured party of record
A. A SECURED PARTY OF RECORD WITH RESPECT TO A FINANCING STATEMENT IS A PERSON WHOSE NAME IS PROVIDED AS THE NAME OF THE SECURED PARTY OR A
REPRESENTATIVE OF THE SECURED PARTY IN AN INITIAL FINANCING STATEMENT THAT
HAS BEEN FILED. IF AN INITIAL FINANCING STATEMENT IS FILED UNDER SECTION
47-9514, SUBSECTION A, THE ASSIGNEE NAMED IN THE INITIAL FINANCING STATEMENT
IS THE SECURED PARTY OF RECORD WITH RESPECT TO THE FINANCING STATEMENT.
B. IF AN AMENDMENT OF A FINANCING STATEMENT THAT PROVIDES THE NAME OF
A PERSON AS A SECURED PARTY OR A REPRESENTATIVE OF A SECURED PARTY IS FILED,
THE PERSON NAMED IN THE AMENDMENT IS A SECURED PARTY OF RECORD. IF AN
AMENDMENT IS FILED UNDER SECTION 47-9514, SUBSECTION B, THE ASSIGNEE NAMED
IN THE AMENDMENT IS A SECURED PARTY OF RECORD.
C. A PERSON REMAINS A SECURED PARTY OF RECORD UNTIL THE FILING OF AN
AMENDMENT OF THE FINANCING STATEMENT THAT DELETES THE PERSON.
47-9512
.
Amendment of financing statement
A. SUBJECT TO SECTION 47-9509, A PERSON MAY ADD OR DELETE COLLATERAL COVERED BY, CONTINUE OR TERMINATE THE EFFECTIVENESS OF OR, SUBJECT TO
SUBSECTION E OF THIS SECTION, OTHERWISE AMEND THE INFORMATION PROVIDED IN A
FINANCING STATEMENT BY FILING AN AMENDMENT THAT:
1. IDENTIFIES, BY ITS FILE NUMBER, THE INITIAL FINANCING STATEMENT TO
WHICH THE AMENDMENT RELATES; AND
2. IF THE AMENDMENT RELATES TO AN INITIAL FINANCING STATEMENT FILED
OR RECORDED IN A FILING OFFICE DESCRIBED IN SECTION 47-9501, SUBSECTION A,
PARAGRAPH 1, PROVIDES THE NAME OF THE DEBTOR PROVIDED IN THE INITIAL
FINANCING STATEMENT AND THE INFORMATION SPECIFIED IN SECTION 47-9502,
SUBSECTION B.
B. EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE PROVIDED IN SECTION 47-9515, THE FILING OF AN
AMENDMENT DOES NOT EXTEND THE PERIOD OF EFFECTIVENESS OF THE FINANCING
STATEMENT.
C. A FINANCING STATEMENT THAT IS AMENDED BY AN AMENDMENT THAT ADDS
COLLATERAL IS EFFECTIVE AS TO THE ADDED COLLATERAL ONLY FROM THE DATE OF THE
FILING OF THE AMENDMENT.
D. A FINANCING STATEMENT THAT IS AMENDED BY AN AMENDMENT THAT ADDS A
DEBTOR IS EFFECTIVE AS TO THE ADDED DEBTOR ONLY FROM THE DATE OF THE FILING
OF THE AMENDMENT.
E. AN AMENDMENT IS INEFFECTIVE TO THE EXTENT IT:
1. PURPORTS TO DELETE ALL DEBTORS AND FAILS TO PROVIDE THE NAME OF A
DEBTOR TO BE COVERED BY THE FINANCING STATEMENT; OR
2. PURPORTS TO DELETE ALL SECURED PARTIES OF RECORD AND FAILS TO
PROVIDE THE NAME OF A NEW SECURED PARTY OF RECORD.
47-9513
.
Termination statement
A. A SECURED PARTY SHALL CAUSE THE SECURED PARTY OF RECORD FOR A FINANCING STATEMENT TO FILE A TERMINATION STATEMENT FOR THE FINANCING
STATEMENT IF THE FINANCING STATEMENT COVERS CONSUMER GOODS AND:
1. THERE IS NO OBLIGATION SECURED BY THE COLLATERAL COVERED BY THE
FINANCING STATEMENT AND NO COMMITMENT TO MAKE AN ADVANCE, INCUR AN OBLIGATION
OR OTHERWISE GIVE VALUE; OR
2. THE DEBTOR DID NOT AUTHORIZE THE FILING OF THE INITIAL FINANCING
STATEMENT.
B. TO COMPLY WITH SUBSECTION A OF THIS SECTION, A SECURED PARTY SHALL
CAUSE THE SECURED PARTY OF RECORD TO FILE THE TERMINATION STATEMENT:
1. WITHIN ONE MONTH AFTER THERE IS NO OBLIGATION SECURED BY THE
COLLATERAL COVERED BY THE FINANCING STATEMENT AND NO COMMITMENT TO MAKE AN
ADVANCE, INCUR AN OBLIGATION OR OTHERWISE GIVE VALUE; OR
2. IF EARLIER, WITHIN TWENTY DAYS AFTER THE SECURED PARTY RECEIVES AN
AUTHENTICATED DEMAND FROM A DEBTOR.
C. IN CASES NOT GOVERNED BY SUBSECTION A OF THIS SECTION, WITHIN
TWENTY DAYS AFTER A SECURED PARTY RECEIVES AN AUTHENTICATED DEMAND FROM A
DEBTOR, THE SECURED PARTY SHALL CAUSE THE SECURED PARTY OF RECORD FOR A FINANCING STATEMENT TO SEND TO THE DEBTOR A TERMINATION STATEMENT FOR THE
FINANCING STATEMENT OR FILE THE TERMINATION STATEMENT IN THE FILING OFFICE
IF:
1. EXCEPT IN THE CASE OF A FINANCING STATEMENT COVERING ACCOUNTS OR
CHATTEL PAPER THAT HAS BEEN SOLD OR GOODS THAT ARE THE SUBJECT OF A
CONSIGNMENT, THERE IS NO OBLIGATION SECURED BY THE COLLATERAL COVERED BY THE
FINANCING STATEMENT AND NO COMMITMENT TO MAKE AN ADVANCE, INCUR AN OBLIGATION
OR OTHERWISE GIVE VALUE;
2. THE FINANCING STATEMENT COVERS ACCOUNTS OR CHATTEL PAPER THAT HAS
BEEN SOLD BUT AS TO WHICH THE ACCOUNT DEBTOR OR OTHER PERSON OBLIGATED HAS
DISCHARGED ITS OBLIGATION;
3. THE FINANCING STATEMENT COVERS GOODS THAT WERE THE SUBJECT OF A
CONSIGNMENT TO THE DEBTOR BUT ARE NOT IN THE DEBTOR'S POSSESSION; OR
4. THE DEBTOR DID NOT AUTHORIZE THE FILING OF THE INITIAL FINANCING
STATEMENT.
D. EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE PROVIDED IN SECTION 47-9510, UPON THE FILING
OF A TERMINATION STATEMENT WITH THE FILING OFFICE, THE FINANCING STATEMENT
TO WHICH THE TERMINATION STATEMENT RELATES CEASES TO BE EFFECTIVE.
47-9514
.
Assignment of powers of secured party of record
A. EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE PROVIDED IN SUBSECTION C OF THIS SECTION, AN INITIAL FINANCING STATEMENT MAY REFLECT AN ASSIGNMENT OF ALL OF THE SECURED
PARTY'S POWER TO AUTHORIZE AN AMENDMENT TO THE FINANCING STATEMENT BY
PROVIDING THE NAME AND MAILING ADDRESS OF THE ASSIGNEE AS THE NAME AND
ADDRESS OF THE SECURED PARTY.
B. EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE PROVIDED IN SUBSECTION C OF THIS SECTION, A
SECURED PARTY OF RECORD MAY ASSIGN OF RECORD ALL OR PART OF ITS POWER TO
AUTHORIZE AN AMENDMENT TO A FINANCING STATEMENT BY FILING IN THE FILING
OFFICE AN AMENDMENT OF THE FINANCING STATEMENT THAT:
1. IDENTIFIES, BY ITS FILE NUMBER, THE INITIAL FINANCING STATEMENT TO
WHICH IT RELATES;
2. PROVIDES THE NAME OF THE ASSIGNOR; AND
3. PROVIDES THE NAME AND MAILING ADDRESS OF THE ASSIGNEE.
C. AN ASSIGNMENT OF RECORD OF A SECURITY INTEREST IN A FIXTURE COVERED
BY A RECORD OF A MORTGAGE THAT IS EFFECTIVE AS A FINANCING STATEMENT FILED
AS A FIXTURE FILING UNDER SECTION 47-9502, SUBSECTION C MAY BE MADE ONLY BY
AN ASSIGNMENT OF RECORD OF THE MORTGAGE IN THE MANNER PROVIDED BY LAW OF THIS
STATE OTHER THAN THIS TITLE.
47-9515
.
Duration and effectiveness of financing statement; effect of lapsed financing statement
A. EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE PROVIDED IN SUBSECTIONS B, E, F AND G OF THIS SECTION, A FILED FINANCING STATEMENT IS EFFECTIVE FOR A PERIOD OF FIVE YEARS
AFTER THE DATE OF FILING.
B. EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE PROVIDED IN SUBSECTIONS E, F AND G OF THIS
SECTION, AN INITIAL FINANCING STATEMENT FILED IN CONNECTION WITH A PUBLIC FINANCE TRANSACTION OR MANUFACTURED HOME TRANSACTION IS EFFECTIVE FOR A
PERIOD OF THIRTY YEARS AFTER THE DATE OF FILING IF IT INDICATES THAT IT IS
FILED IN CONNECTION WITH A PUBLIC FINANCE TRANSACTION OR MANUFACTURED HOME
TRANSACTION.
C. THE EFFECTIVENESS OF A FILED FINANCING STATEMENT LAPSES ON THE
EXPIRATION OF THE PERIOD OF ITS EFFECTIVENESS UNLESS BEFORE THE LAPSE A
CONTINUATION STATEMENT IS FILED PURSUANT TO SUBSECTION D OF THIS SECTION.
UPON LAPSE, A FINANCING STATEMENT CEASES TO BE EFFECTIVE AND ANY SECURITY
INTEREST OR AGRICULTURAL LIEN THAT WAS PERFECTED BY THE FINANCING STATEMENT
BECOMES UNPERFECTED, UNLESS THE SECURITY INTEREST IS PERFECTED OTHERWISE.
IF THE SECURITY INTEREST OR AGRICULTURAL LIEN BECOMES UNPERFECTED UPON LAPSE,
IT IS DEEMED NEVER TO HAVE BEEN PERFECTED AS AGAINST A PURCHASER OF THE
COLLATERAL FOR VALUE.
D. A CONTINUATION STATEMENT MAY BE FILED ONLY WITHIN SIX MONTHS BEFORE
THE EXPIRATION OF THE FIVE YEAR PERIOD SPECIFIED IN SUBSECTION A OF THIS
SECTION OR THE THIRTY YEAR PERIOD SPECIFIED IN SUBSECTION B OF THIS SECTION,
WHICHEVER IS APPLICABLE.
E. EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE PROVIDED IN SECTION 47-9510, ON TIMELY FILING
OF A CONTINUATION STATEMENT, THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE INITIAL FINANCING
STATEMENT CONTINUES FOR A PERIOD OF FIVE YEARS COMMENCING ON THE DAY ON WHICH
THE FINANCING STATEMENT WOULD HAVE BECOME INEFFECTIVE IN THE ABSENCE OF THE
FILING. ON THE EXPIRATION OF THE FIVE YEAR PERIOD, THE FINANCING STATEMENT
LAPSES IN THE SAME MANNER AS PROVIDED IN SUBSECTION C OF THIS SECTION,
UNLESS, BEFORE THE LAPSE, ANOTHER CONTINUATION STATEMENT IS FILED PURSUANT
TO SUBSECTION D OF THIS SECTION. SUCCEEDING CONTINUATION STATEMENTS MAY BE
FILED IN THE SAME MANNER TO CONTINUE THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE INITIAL
FINANCING STATEMENT.
F. IF A DEBTOR IS A TRANSMITTING UTILITY AND A FILED FINANCING
STATEMENT SO INDICATES, THE FINANCING STATEMENT IS EFFECTIVE UNTIL A
TERMINATION STATEMENT IS FILED.
G. A RECORD OF A MORTGAGE THAT IS EFFECTIVE AS A FINANCING STATEMENT
FILED AS A FIXTURE FILING UNDER SECTION 47-9502, SUBSECTION C REMAINS
EFFECTIVE AS A FINANCING STATEMENT FILED AS A FIXTURE FILING UNTIL THE
MORTGAGE IS RELEASED OR SATISFIED OF RECORD OR ITS EFFECTIVENESS OTHERWISE
TERMINATES AS TO THE REAL PROPERTY.
47-9516
.
What constitutes filing; effectiveness of filing
A. EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE PROVIDED IN SUBSECTION B OF THIS SECTION, COMMUNICATION OF A RECORD TO A FILING OFFICE AND TENDER OF THE FILING FEE OR
ACCEPTANCE OF THE RECORD BY THE FILING OFFICE CONSTITUTES FILING.
B. FILING DOES NOT OCCUR WITH RESPECT TO A RECORD THAT A FILING OFFICE
REFUSES TO ACCEPT BECAUSE:
1. THE RECORD IS NOT COMMUNICATED BY A METHOD OR MEDIUM OF
COMMUNICATION AUTHORIZED BY THE FILING OFFICE;
2. AN AMOUNT EQUAL TO OR GREATER THAN THE APPLICABLE FILING FEE IS NOT
TENDERED;
3. THE FILING OFFICE IS UNABLE TO INDEX THE RECORD BECAUSE:
(a)
IN THE CASE OF AN INITIAL FINANCING STATEMENT, THE RECORD DOES NOT PROVIDE A NAME FOR THE DEBTOR;
(b)
IN THE CASE OF AN AMENDMENT OR CORRECTION STATEMENT, THE RECORD:
(i)
DOES NOT IDENTIFY THE INITIAL FINANCING STATEMENT AS REQUIRED BY SECTION 47-9512 OR 47-9518, AS APPLICABLE; OR
(ii)
IDENTIFIES AN INITIAL FINANCING STATEMENT WHOSE EFFECTIVENESS HAS LAPSED UNDER SECTION 47-9515;
(c)
IN THE CASE OF AN INITIAL FINANCING STATEMENT THAT PROVIDES THE NAME OF A DEBTOR IDENTIFIED AS AN INDIVIDUAL OR AN AMENDMENT THAT PROVIDES
A NAME OF A DEBTOR IDENTIFIED AS AN INDIVIDUAL THAT WAS NOT PREVIOUSLY
PROVIDED IN THE FINANCING STATEMENT TO WHICH THE RECORD RELATES, THE RECORD
DOES NOT IDENTIFY THE DEBTOR'S LAST NAME; OR
(d)
IN THE CASE OF A RECORD FILED OR RECORDED IN THE FILING OFFICE DESCRIBED IN SECTION 47-9501, SUBSECTION A, PARAGRAPH 1, THE RECORD DOES NOT
PROVIDE A SUFFICIENT DESCRIPTION OF THE REAL PROPERTY TO WHICH IT RELATES;
4. IN THE CASE OF AN INITIAL FINANCING STATEMENT OR AN AMENDMENT THAT
ADDS A SECURED PARTY OF RECORD, THE RECORD DOES NOT PROVIDE A NAME AND
MAILING ADDRESS FOR THE SECURED PARTY OF RECORD;
5. IN THE CASE OF AN INITIAL FINANCING STATEMENT OR AN AMENDMENT THAT
PROVIDES A NAME OF A DEBTOR THAT WAS NOT PREVIOUSLY PROVIDED IN THE FINANCING
STATEMENT TO WHICH THE AMENDMENT RELATES, THE RECORD DOES NOT:
(a)
PROVIDE A MAILING ADDRESS FOR THE DEBTOR;
(b)
INDICATE WHETHER THE DEBTOR IS AN INDIVIDUAL OR AN ORGANIZATION; OR
(c)
IF THE FINANCING STATEMENT INDICATES THAT THE DEBTOR IS AN ORGANIZATION, PROVIDE:
(i)
A TYPE OF ORGANIZATION FOR THE DEBTOR;
(ii)
A JURISDICTION OF ORGANIZATION FOR THE DEBTOR; OR
(iii)
AN ORGANIZATIONAL IDENTIFICATION NUMBER FOR THE DEBTOR OR INDICATE THAT THE DEBTOR HAS NONE;
6. IN THE CASE OF AN ASSIGNMENT REFLECTED IN AN INITIAL FINANCING
STATEMENT UNDER SECTION 47-9514, SUBSECTION A OR AN AMENDMENT FILED UNDER
SECTION 47-9514, SUBSECTION B, THE RECORD DOES NOT PROVIDE A NAME AND MAILING
ADDRESS FOR THE ASSIGNEE; OR
7. IN THE CASE OF A CONTINUATION STATEMENT, THE RECORD IS NOT FILED
WITHIN THE SIX MONTH PERIOD PRESCRIBED BY SECTION 47-9515, SUBSECTION D.
C. FOR PURPOSES OF SUBSECTION B OF THIS SECTION:
1. A RECORD DOES NOT PROVIDE INFORMATION IF THE FILING OFFICE IS
UNABLE TO READ OR DECIPHER THE INFORMATION; AND
2. A RECORD THAT DOES NOT INDICATE THAT IT IS AN AMENDMENT OR IDENTIFY
AN INITIAL FINANCING STATEMENT TO WHICH IT RELATES, AS REQUIRED BY SECTION
47-9512, 47-9514 OR 47-9518, IS AN INITIAL FINANCING STATEMENT.
D. A RECORD THAT IS COMMUNICATED TO THE FILING OFFICE WITH TENDER OF
THE FILING FEE, BUT THAT THE FILING OFFICE REFUSES TO ACCEPT FOR A REASON
OTHER THAN ONE SET FORTH IN SUBSECTION B OF THIS SECTION, IS EFFECTIVE AS A
FILED RECORD EXCEPT AS AGAINST A PURCHASER OF THE COLLATERAL THAT GIVES VALUE
IN REASONABLE RELIANCE ON THE ABSENCE OF THE RECORD FROM THE FILES.
47-9517
.
Effect of indexing errors
THE FAILURE OF THE FILING OFFICE TO INDEX A RECORD CORRECTLY DOES NOT AFFECT THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE FILED RECORD.
47-9518
.
Claim concerning inaccurate or wrongfully filed record
A. A PERSON MAY FILE IN THE FILING OFFICE A CORRECTION STATEMENT WITH RESPECT TO A RECORD INDEXED THERE UNDER THE PERSON'S NAME IF THE PERSON
BELIEVES THAT THE RECORD IS INACCURATE OR WAS WRONGFULLY FILED.
B. A CORRECTION STATEMENT MUST:
1. IDENTIFY THE RECORD TO WHICH IT RELATES BY THE FILE NUMBER ASSIGNED
TO THE INITIAL FINANCING STATEMENT TO WHICH THE RECORD RELATES;
2. IF THE CORRECTION STATEMENT RELATES TO A RECORD FILED OR RECORDED
IN A FILING OFFICE DESCRIBED IN SECTION 47-9501, SUBSECTION A, PARAGRAPH 1,
IDENTIFY THE NAME OF THE DEBTOR PROVIDED IN THE INITIAL FINANCING STATEMENT
AND THE INFORMATION SPECIFIED IN SECTION 47-9502, SUBSECTION B.
3. INDICATE THAT IT IS A CORRECTION STATEMENT; AND
4. PROVIDE THE BASIS FOR THE PERSON'S BELIEF THAT THE RECORD IS
INACCURATE AND INDICATE THE MANNER IN WHICH THE PERSON BELIEVES THE RECORD
SHOULD BE AMENDED TO CURE ANY INACCURACY OR PROVIDE THE BASIS FOR THE
PERSON'S BELIEF THAT THE RECORD WAS WRONGFULLY FILED.
C. THE FILING OF A CORRECTION STATEMENT DOES NOT AFFECT THE
EFFECTIVENESS OF AN INITIAL FINANCING STATEMENT OR OTHER FILED RECORD.
47-9519
.
Numbering, maintaining and indexing records; communicating information provided in records
A. FOR EACH RECORD FILED IN A FILING OFFICE, THE FILING OFFICE SHALL:
1. ASSIGN A UNIQUE NUMBER TO THE FILED RECORD;
2. CREATE A RECORD THAT BEARS THE NUMBER ASSIGNED TO THE FILED RECORD
AND THE DATE AND TIME OF FILING;
3. MAINTAIN THE FILED RECORD FOR PUBLIC INSPECTION; AND
4. INDEX THE FILED RECORD IN ACCORDANCE WITH SUBSECTIONS C, D AND E
OF THIS SECTION.
B. EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE PROVIDED IN SUBSECTION I OF THIS SECTION, A
FILE NUMBER ASSIGNED AFTER JANUARY 1, 2002, MUST INCLUDE A DIGIT THAT:
1. IS MATHEMATICALLY DERIVED FROM OR RELATED TO THE OTHER DIGITS OF
THE FILE NUMBER; AND
2. ENABLES THE FILING OFFICE TO DETECT WHETHER A NUMBER COMMUNICATED
AS THE FILE NUMBER INCLUDES A SINGLE DIGIT OR TRANSPOSITIONAL ERROR.
C. EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE PROVIDED IN SUBSECTIONS D AND E OF THIS SECTION
AND EXCEPT FOR AN OFFICE DESCRIBED IN SECTION 47-9501, SUBSECTION A,
PARAGRAPH 1, THE FILING OFFICE SHALL:
1. INDEX AN INITIAL FINANCING STATEMENT ACCORDING TO THE NAME OF THE
DEBTOR AND INDEX ALL FILED RECORDS RELATING TO THE INITIAL FINANCING
STATEMENT IN A MANNER THAT ASSOCIATES WITH ONE ANOTHER AN INITIAL FINANCING
STATEMENT AND ALL FILED RECORDS RELATING TO THE INITIAL FINANCING STATEMENT;
2. INDEX AN INITIAL FINANCING STATEMENT ACCORDING TO THE NAME OF THE
DEBTOR AND INDEX ALL SUBSEQUENT RECORDS RELATING TO THE INITIAL FINANCING
STATEMENT THAT CONTAINS THE NAME OF THE SAME DEBTOR IN A MANNER TO ASSOCIATE
THE SUBSEQUENTLY FILED RECORDS WITH THE INITIAL FINANCING STATEMENT; AND
3. INDEX A RECORD THAT PROVIDES A NAME OF A DEBTOR THAT WAS NOT
PREVIOUSLY PROVIDED IN THE FINANCING STATEMENT TO WHICH THE RECORD RELATES
ALSO ACCORDING TO THE NAME THAT WAS NOT PREVIOUSLY PROVIDED.
D. IF A FINANCING STATEMENT IS FILED AS A FIXTURE FILING OR COVERS
AS-EXTRACTED COLLATERAL OR TIMBER TO BE CUT, THE FINANCING STATEMENT SHALL
BE FILED FOR RECORD AND THE FILING OFFICE SHALL INDEX IT:
1. UNDER THE NAMES OF THE DEBTOR AND OF EACH OWNER OF RECORD SHOWN ON
THE FINANCING STATEMENT AS IF THEY WERE THE MORTGAGORS UNDER A MORTGAGE OF
THE REAL PROPERTY DESCRIBED; AND
2. TO THE EXTENT THAT THE LAW OF THIS STATE PROVIDES FOR INDEXING OF
RECORDS OF MORTGAGES UNDER THE NAME OF THE MORTGAGEE, UNDER THE NAME OF THE
SECURED PARTY AS IF THE SECURED PARTY WERE THE MORTGAGEE THEREUNDER, OR, IF
INDEXING IS BY DESCRIPTION, AS IF THE FINANCING STATEMENT WERE A RECORD OF
A MORTGAGE OF THE REAL PROPERTY DESCRIBED.
E. IF A FINANCING STATEMENT IS FILED AS A FIXTURE FILING OR COVERS
AS-EXTRACTED COLLATERAL OR TIMBER TO BE CUT, THE FILING OFFICE SHALL INDEX
AN ASSIGNMENT FILED UNDER SECTION 47-9514, SUBSECTION A OR AN AMENDMENT FILED
UNDER SECTION 47-9514, SUBSECTION B:
1. UNDER THE NAME OF THE ASSIGNOR AS GRANTOR; AND
2. TO THE EXTENT THAT THE LAW OF THIS STATE PROVIDES FOR INDEXING A
RECORD OF THE ASSIGNMENT OF A MORTGAGE UNDER THE NAME OF THE ASSIGNEE, UNDER
THE NAME OF THE ASSIGNEE.
F. IF THE FILING OFFICE IS THE OFFICE DESCRIBED IN SECTION 47-9501,
SUBSECTION A, PARAGRAPH 1, THE FILING OFFICE SHALL MAINTAIN A CAPABILITY TO
RETRIEVE A RECORD BY THE NAME OF THE DEBTOR. IF THE FILING OFFICE IS THE
OFFICE DESCRIBED IN SECTION 47-9501, SUBSECTION A, PARAGRAPH 2, THE FILING
OFFICE SHALL MAINTAIN A CAPABILITY:
1. TO RETRIEVE A RECORD BY THE NAME OF THE DEBTOR AND BY THE FILE
NUMBER ASSIGNED TO THE INITIAL FINANCING STATEMENT TO WHICH THE RECORD
RELATES; AND
2. TO ASSOCIATE AND RETRIEVE WITH ONE ANOTHER AN INITIAL FINANCING
STATEMENT AND EACH FILED RECORD RELATING TO THE INITIAL FINANCING STATEMENT.
G. THE FILING OFFICE MAY NOT REMOVE A DEBTOR'S NAME FROM THE INDEX
UNTIL ONE YEAR AFTER THE EFFECTIVENESS OF A FINANCING STATEMENT NAMING THE
DEBTOR LAPSES UNDER SECTION 47-9515 WITH RESPECT TO ALL SECURED PARTIES OF
RECORD.
H. EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE PROVIDED IN SUBSECTION I OF THIS SECTION, THE
FILING OFFICE SHALL PERFORM THE ACTS REQUIRED IN SUBSECTIONS A THROUGH F OF
THIS SECTION AT THE TIME AND IN THE MANNER PRESCRIBED BY FILING OFFICE RULE
BUT NOT LATER THAN FIVE BUSINESS DAYS AFTER THE FILING OFFICE RECEIVES THE
RECORD IN QUESTION.
I. SUBSECTIONS B AND H OF THIS SECTION DO NOT APPLY TO A FILING OFFICE
DESCRIBED IN SECTION 47-9501, SUBSECTION A, PARAGRAPH 1.
47-9520
.
Acceptance and refusal to accept record
A. A FILING OFFICE SHALL REFUSE TO ACCEPT A RECORD FOR FILING FOR A REASON SET FORTH IN SECTION 47-9516, SUBSECTION B AND MAY REFUSE TO ACCEPT
A RECORD FOR FILING ONLY FOR A REASON SET FORTH IN SECTION 47-9516,
SUBSECTION B.
B. IF A FILING OFFICE REFUSES TO ACCEPT A RECORD FOR FILING, IT SHALL
COMMUNICATE TO THE PERSON THAT PRESENTED THE RECORD THE FACT OF AND REASON
FOR THE REFUSAL AND THE DATE AND TIME OF THE REFUSAL TO ACCEPT THE RECORD.
THE COMMUNICATION SHALL BE MADE AT THE TIME AND IN THE MANNER PRESCRIBED BY
FILING OFFICE RULE BUT, IN THE CASE OF A FILING OFFICE DESCRIBED IN SECTION
47-9501, SUBSECTION A, PARAGRAPH 2, NOT MORE THAN FIVE BUSINESS DAYS AFTER
THE FILING OFFICE RECEIVES THE RECORD.
C. A FILED FINANCING STATEMENT SATISFYING SECTION 47-9502, SUBSECTIONS
A AND B IS EFFECTIVE, EVEN IF THE FILING OFFICE IS REQUIRED TO REFUSE TO
ACCEPT IT FOR FILING UNDER SUBSECTION A OF THIS SECTION. HOWEVER, SECTION
47-9338 APPLIES TO A FILED FINANCING STATEMENT PROVIDING INFORMATION THAT IS
DESCRIBED IN SECTION 47-9516, SUBSECTION B, PARAGRAPH 5 AND THAT IS INCORRECT
AT THE TIME THE FINANCING STATEMENT IS FILED.
D. IF A RECORD COMMUNICATED TO A FILING OFFICE PROVIDES INFORMATION
THAT RELATES TO MORE THAN ONE DEBTOR, THIS ARTICLE APPLIES AS TO EACH DEBTOR
SEPARATELY.
47-9521
.
Uniform form of written financing statement and amendment
A. A FILING OFFICE THAT ACCEPTS WRITTEN RECORDS MAY NOT REFUSE TO ACCEPT A WRITTEN INITIAL FINANCING STATEMENT IN THE FOLLOWING FORM AND FORMAT
EXCEPT FOR A REASON SET FORTH IN SECTION 47-9516, SUBSECTION B:
B. A FILING OFFICE THAT ACCEPTS WRITTEN RECORDS MAY NOT REFUSE TO ACCEPT A WRITTEN RECORD IN THE FOLLOWING FORM AND FORMAT EXCEPT FOR A REASON
SET FORTH IN SECTION 47-9516, SUBSECTION B:
47-9522
.
Maintenance and destruction of records
A. THE FILING OFFICE SHALL MAINTAIN A RECORD OF THE INFORMATION PROVIDED IN A FILED FINANCING STATEMENT FOR AT LEAST ONE YEAR AFTER THE
EFFECTIVENESS OF THE FINANCING STATEMENT HAS LAPSED UNDER SECTION 47-9515
WITH RESPECT TO ALL SECURED PARTIES OF RECORD. THE RECORD SHALL BE
RETRIEVABLE BY USING THE NAME OF THE DEBTOR
IF THE RECORD WAS FILED OR RECORDED IN THE FILING OFFICE DESCRIBED IN SECTION 47-9501, SUBSECTION A,
PARAGRAPH 1 AND, IF THE RECORD WAS FILED IN THE FILING OFFICE DESCRIBED IN
SECTION 47-9501, SUBSECTION A, PARAGRAPH 2,
by using the file number assigned to the initial financing statement to which the record relates.
B. Except to the extent that a statute governing disposition of public
records provides otherwise, the filing office immediately may destroy any
written record evidencing a financing statement. However, if the filing
office destroys a written record, it shall maintain another record of the
financing statement that complies with subsection A of this section.
47-9523
.
Information from filing office; sale or license of records
A. IF A PERSON THAT FILES A WRITTEN RECORD REQUESTS AN ACKNOWLEDGMENT OF THE FILING, THE FILING OFFICE SHALL PROVIDE TO THE PERSON AN IMAGE OF THE
RECORD SHOWING THE NUMBER ASSIGNED TO THE RECORD PURSUANT TO SECTION 47-9519,
SUBSECTION A, PARAGRAPH 1 AND THE DATE AND TIME OF THE FILING OF THE RECORD.
HOWEVER, IF THE PERSON FURNISHES A COPY OF THE RECORD TO THE FILING OFFICE,
THE FILING OFFICE MAY INSTEAD:
1. NOTE ON THE COPY THE NUMBER ASSIGNED TO THE RECORD PURSUANT TO
SECTION 47-9519, SUBSECTION A, PARAGRAPH 1 AND THE DATE AND TIME OF THE
FILING OF THE RECORD; AND
2. PROVIDE THE COPY TO THE PERSON.
B. IF A PERSON FILES A RECORD OTHER THAN A WRITTEN RECORD, THE FILING
OFFICE SHALL COMMUNICATE TO THE PERSON AN ACKNOWLEDGMENT THAT PROVIDES:
1. THE INFORMATION IN THE RECORD;
2. THE NUMBER ASSIGNED TO THE RECORD PURSUANT TO SECTION 47-9519,
SUBSECTION A, PARAGRAPH 1; AND
3. THE DATE AND TIME OF THE FILING OF THE RECORD.
C. THE FILING OFFICE SHALL COMMUNICATE OR OTHERWISE MAKE AVAILABLE IN
A RECORD THE FOLLOWING INFORMATION TO ANY PERSON THAT REQUESTS IT:
1. WHETHER THERE IS ON FILE ON A DATE AND TIME SPECIFIED BY THE FILING
OFFICE, BUT NOT A DATE EARLIER THAN THREE BUSINESS DAYS BEFORE THE FILING
OFFICE RECEIVES THE REQUEST, ANY FINANCING STATEMENT THAT:
(a)
DESIGNATES A PARTICULAR DEBTOR;
(b)
HAS NOT LAPSED UNDER SECTION 47-9515 WITH RESPECT TO ALL SECURED PARTIES OF RECORD; AND
(c)
IF THE REQUEST SO STATES, HAS LAPSED UNDER SECTION 47-9515 AND A RECORD OF WHICH IS MAINTAINED BY THE FILING OFFICE UNDER SECTION 47-9522,
SUBSECTION A;
2. THE DATE AND TIME OF FILING OF EACH FINANCING STATEMENT; AND
3. A DUPLICATE OF EACH FINANCING STATEMENT.
D. IN COMPLYING WITH ITS DUTY UNDER SUBSECTION C OF THIS SECTION, THE
FILING OFFICE MAY COMMUNICATE INFORMATION IN ANY MEDIUM. HOWEVER, IF
REQUESTED, THE FILING OFFICE SHALL COMMUNICATE INFORMATION BY ISSUING ITS
WRITTEN CERTIFICATE.
E. THE FILING OFFICE SHALL PERFORM THE ACTS REQUIRED IN SUBSECTIONS A THROUGH D OF THIS SECTION AT THE TIME AND IN THE MANNER PRESCRIBED BY
FILING OFFICE RULE BUT, IN THE CASE OF A FILING OFFICE DESCRIBED IN SECTION
47-9501, SUBSECTION A, PARAGRAPH 2, NOT LATER THAN FIVE BUSINESS DAYS AFTER
THE FILING OFFICE RECEIVES THE REQUEST.
F. Except for a filing office described in section 47-9501, subsection
A, paragraph 1, at least weekly, the filing office shall offer to sell or
license to the public on a nonexclusive basis, in bulk, copies of all records
filed in it under this article, in every medium from time to time available
to the filing office.
G. Except for a filing office described in section 47-9501, subsection
A, paragraph 1, the filing office is not required to mail any document record
certificate or any information under this section unless the person who
requests the document record certificate or information requests the filing
office to mail the document record certificate or information and the person
provides the filing office with an appropriate sized, addressed and stamped
envelope.
47-9524
.
Delay by filing office
DELAY BY THE FILING OFFICE BEYOND A TIME LIMIT PRESCRIBED BY THIS ARTICLE IS EXCUSED IF:
1. THE DELAY IS CAUSED BY INTERRUPTION OF COMMUNICATION OR COMPUTER
FACILITIES, WAR, EMERGENCY CONDITIONS, FAILURE OF EQUIPMENT OR OTHER
CIRCUMSTANCES BEYOND CONTROL OF THE FILING OFFICE; AND
2. THE FILING OFFICE EXERCISES REASONABLE DILIGENCE UNDER THE
CIRCUMSTANCES.
47-9525
.
Fees
A. EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE PROVIDED IN SUBSECTION E OF THIS SECTION AND EXCEPT FOR A FILING OFFICE DESCRIBED IN SECTION 47-9501, SUBSECTION A,
PARAGRAPH 1, THE FEE FOR FILING AND INDEXING A RECORD UNDER THIS ARTICLE,
OTHER THAN AN INITIAL FINANCING STATEMENT OF THE KIND DESCRIBED IN SECTION
47-9502, SUBSECTION C, IS NOT MORE THAN NINE DOLLARS AS PROVIDED IN SECTIONS
41-126 AND 41-127, IF THE RECORD IS COMMUNICATED IN WRITING OR BY ANY OTHER
MEDIUM AUTHORIZED BY FILING OFFICE RULE.
B. EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE PROVIDED IN SUBSECTION E OF THIS SECTION, THE
FEE FOR FILING AND INDEXING AN INITIAL FINANCING STATEMENT OF THE KIND
DESCRIBED IN SECTION 47-9502, SUBSECTION C IS NOT MORE THAN NINE DOLLARS AS
PROVIDED IN SECTIONS 41-126 AND 41-127 IF THE FINANCING STATEMENT INDICATES
THAT IT IS FILED IN CONNECTION WITH A PUBLIC FINANCE TRANSACTION OR
MANUFACTURED HOME TRANSACTION.
C. THE NUMBER OF NAMES REQUIRED TO BE INDEXED DOES NOT AFFECT THE
AMOUNT OF THE FEE IN SUBSECTIONS A AND B OF THIS SECTION.
D. THE FEE FOR RESPONDING TO A REQUEST FOR INFORMATION FROM THE FILING
OFFICE, INCLUDING FOR ISSUING A CERTIFICATE SHOWING WHETHER THERE IS ON FILE
ANY FINANCING STATEMENT NAMING A PARTICULAR DEBTOR, IS NOT MORE THAN NINE
DOLLARS AS PROVIDED IN SECTIONS 41-126 AND 41-127 IF THE REQUEST IS
COMMUNICATED IN WRITING OR BY ANY OTHER MEDIUM AUTHORIZED BY FILING OFFICE
RULE.
E. THIS SECTION DOES NOT REQUIRE A FEE WITH RESPECT TO A RECORD OF A
MORTGAGE THAT IS EFFECTIVE AS A FINANCING STATEMENT FILED AS A FIXTURE FILING
OR AS A FINANCING STATEMENT COVERING AS-EXTRACTED COLLATERAL OR TIMBER TO BE
CUT UNDER SECTION 47-9502, SUBSECTION C. HOWEVER, THE RECORDING AND
SATISFACTION FEES THAT OTHERWISE WOULD BE APPLICABLE TO THE RECORD OF THE
MORTGAGE APPLY.
47-9526
.
Filing office rules
A. THE SECRETARY OF STATE SHALL ADOPT RULES TO IMPLEMENT THIS CHAPTER. THE FILING OFFICE RULES MUST BE:
1. CONSISTENT WITH THIS ARTICLE; AND
2. ADOPTED PURSUANT TO TITLE 41, CHAPTER 6.
B. TO KEEP THE FILING OFFICE RULES AND PRACTICES OF THE FILING OFFICE
IN HARMONY WITH THE RULES AND PRACTICES OF FILING OFFICES IN OTHER
JURISDICTIONS THAT ENACT SUBSTANTIALLY THIS ARTICLE, AND TO KEEP THE
TECHNOLOGY USED BY THE FILING OFFICE COMPATIBLE WITH THE TECHNOLOGY USED BY
FILING OFFICES IN OTHER JURISDICTIONS THAT ENACT SUBSTANTIALLY THIS ARTICLE,
THE SECRETARY OF STATE, SO FAR AS IS CONSISTENT WITH THE PURPOSES, POLICIES
AND PROVISIONS OF THIS CHAPTER, IN ADOPTING, AMENDING AND REPEALING FILING
OFFICE RULES, SHALL:
1. CONSULT WITH FILING OFFICES IN OTHER JURISDICTIONS THAT ENACT
SUBSTANTIALLY THIS ARTICLE; AND
2. CONSULT THE MOST RECENT VERSION OF THE MODEL RULES PROMULGATED BY
THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF CORPORATE ADMINISTRATORS OR ANY SUCCESSOR
ORGANIZATION; AND
3. TAKE INTO CONSIDERATION THE RULES AND PRACTICES OF, AND THE
TECHNOLOGY USED BY, FILING OFFICES IN OTHER JURISDICTIONS THAT ENACT
SUBSTANTIALLY THIS ARTICLE.
47-9527
.
Unauthorized records; material misstatements; false claims; liability; special action; damages;
violation; classification
A. A PERSON WHO CAUSES A RECORD TO BE FILED OR RECORDED IN A FILING OFFICE AND WHO KNOWS OR HAS REASON TO KNOW THAT THE RECORD IS UNAUTHORIZED
UNDER SECTION 47-9509 OR THAT THE RECORD CONTAINS A MATERIAL MISSTATEMENT OR
FALSE CLAIM IS LIABLE TO A DEBTOR, A CONSUMER OBLIGOR, A PERSON NAMED AS A
DEBTOR OR THE OWNER OR HOLDER OF COLLATERAL AFFECTED BY THE RECORD FOR THE
SUM OF AT LEAST FIVE HUNDRED DOLLARS OR FOR TREBLE THE ACTUAL DAMAGES CAUSED
BY THE RECORD, WHICHEVER IS MORE, AND REASONABLE ATTORNEY FEES AND COSTS OF
THE ACTION, IF THE PERSON WHO CAUSES THE RECORD TO BE FILED OR RECORDED
WILFULLY REFUSES TO TERMINATE OR CORRECT THE RECORD WITHIN TWENTY DAYS AFTER
THE DATE OF A WRITTEN REQUEST FROM THE DEBTOR, THE CONSUMER OBLIGOR, THE
PERSON NAMED AS A DEBTOR OR THE OWNER OR HOLDER OF COLLATERAL AFFECTED BY THE
RECORD.
B. ANY DEBTOR, ANY CONSUMER OBLIGOR, ANY PERSON NAMED AS A DEBTOR OR
THE OWNER OR HOLDER OF COLLATERAL AFFECTED BY A RECORD THAT IS UNAUTHORIZED
UNDER SECTION 47-9509 OR THAT CONTAINS A MATERIAL MISSTATEMENT OR FALSE CLAIM
MAY BRING AN ACTION PURSUANT TO THIS SECTION IN THE SUPERIOR COURT FOR ANY
TEMPORARY OR PERMANENT RELIEF AS IS NECESSARY TO CLEAR OR OTHERWISE CORRECT
THE RECORDS OF THE FILING OFFICE OF THE RECORD AS PROVIDED FOR IN THE RULES
OF PROCEDURE FOR SPECIAL ACTIONS. THE RELIEF SHALL BE CONSISTENT WITH THE
PRACTICAL LIMITATIONS OF THE FILING SYSTEM USED BY THE FILING OFFICE. THIS
SPECIAL ACTION MAY BE BROUGHT BASED ON THE GROUND THAT THE RECORD IS NOT
AUTHORIZED UNDER SECTION 47-9509 OR CONTAINS A MATERIAL MISSTATEMENT OR FALSE
CLAIM. A DEBTOR, A CONSUMER OBLIGOR, A PERSON NAMED AS A DEBTOR OR THE OWNER
OR HOLDER OF COLLATERAL AFFECTED BY THE RECORD MAY BRING A SEPARATE SPECIAL
ACTION TO CLEAR OR OTHERWISE CORRECT THE RECORDS OF A FILING OFFICE OF THE
RECORD OR JOIN THE SPECIAL ACTION WITH AN ACTION FOR DAMAGES AS DESCRIBED IN
THIS SECTION.
C. IF A DEBTOR, A CONSUMER OBLIGOR, A PERSON NAMED AS A DEBTOR OR THE
OWNER OR HOLDER OF COLLATERAL AFFECTED BY A RECORD THAT IS UNAUTHORIZED UNDER
SECTION 47-9509 OR THAT CONTAINS A MATERIAL MISSTATEMENT OR FALSE CLAIM
PREVAILS IN A SPECIAL ACTION PURSUANT TO THIS SECTION:
1. THE COURT MAY MANDATE ANY LEGAL OR EQUITABLE REMEDY THAT IS
CONSISTENT WITH THE PRACTICAL LIMITATIONS OF THE FILING SYSTEM USED BY THE
FILING OFFICE AND THAT IS NECESSARY TO IMMEDIATELY AND EFFECTIVELY CLEAR OR
OTHERWISE CORRECT THE RECORDS OF THE FILING OFFICE OF THE RECORD, INCLUDING
ORDERING THE PERSON RESPONSIBLE FOR FILING THE RECORD TO FILE A TERMINATION
STATEMENT OR TAKE ANY OTHER ACTION AS IS NECESSARY TO CLEAR OR OTHERWISE
CORRECT THE RECORDS OF A FILING OFFICE OF THE RECORD; AND
2. THE DEBTOR, THE OBLIGOR, THE PERSON NAMED AS A DEBTOR OR THE OWNER
OR HOLDER OF COLLATERAL AFFECTED BY THE RECORD MAY RECOVER REASONABLE
ATTORNEY FEES AND COSTS OF THE ACTION.
D. THE REMEDIES PROVIDED IN THIS SECTION ARE CUMULATIVE AND ARE NOT
EXCLUSIVE TO AND DO NOT LIMIT ANY OTHER LEGAL OR EQUITABLE REMEDIES THAT MAY
BE AVAILABLE TO ANY DEBTOR, ANY OBLIGOR, ANY PERSON NAMED AS A DEBTOR OR THE OWNER OR HOLDER OF COLLATERAL AFFECTED BY A RECORD THAT IS UNAUTHORIZED UNDER
SECTION 47-9509 OR CONTAINS A MATERIAL MISSTATEMENT OR FALSE CLAIM.
E. A PERSON WHO IS NOT ENTITLED TO FILE A RECORD UNDER SECTION
47-9509, WHO CAUSES A RECORD TO BE FILED IN THE RECORDS OF A FILING OFFICE
AND WHO KNOWS OR HAS REASON TO KNOW THAT THE RECORD IS UNAUTHORIZED UNDER
SECTION 47-9509 OR THE RECORD CONTAINS A MATERIAL MISSTATEMENT OR FALSE CLAIM
IS GUILTY OF A CLASS 1 MISDEMEANOR.
47-9528
.
Nonconsensual lien; notice of invalid lien; termination statement
A. A NONCONSENSUAL LIEN AGAINST A PUBLIC OFFICER'S OR EMPLOYEE'S PROPERTY, OTHER THAN A LIEN FILED BY A GOVERNMENTAL ENTITY OR POLITICAL
SUBDIVISION OR AGENCY, A VALIDLY LICENSED UTILITY OR WATER DELIVERY COMPANY,
A MECHANICS' LIEN CLAIMANT OR AN ENTITY CREATED UNDER COVENANTS, CONDITIONS,
RESTRICTIONS OR DECLARATIONS AFFECTING REAL PROPERTY, IS NOT VALID UNLESS THE
LIEN IS ACCOMPANIED BY AN ORDER OR JUDGMENT FROM A COURT OF COMPETENT
JURISDICTION AUTHORIZING THE FILING OF THE LIEN AND DOES NOT HAVE THE FORCE
OR EFFECT OF LAW.
B. IF A NONCONSENSUAL LIEN IS ACCEPTED FOR FILING AS DESCRIBED IN
SUBSECTION A, THE RECORDING OFFICER SHALL ACCEPT FOR FILING A NOTICE OF
INVALID LIEN THAT IS SIGNED AND SUBMITTED BY THE ATTORNEY GENERAL OR COUNTY
ATTORNEY ON BEHALF OF ANY PUBLIC OFFICER OR EMPLOYEE. THE ATTORNEY GENERAL
OR COUNTY ATTORNEY SHALL MAIL A COPY OF THE NOTICE OF INVALID LIEN TO THE
PERSON WHO IS DESIGNATED AS CREDITOR AND TO THE PERSON WHO FILED THE
NONCONSENSUAL LIEN AT THE ADDRESS OF EACH AS STATED ON THE FILED DOCUMENT.
THE NONCONSENSUAL LIEN IS CONCLUSIVELY PRESUMED TO BE INVALID ON THE FILING
OF THE NOTICE OF INVALID LIEN.
C. THE SECRETARY OF STATE, A RECORDING OFFICER OR A COUNTY IS NOT
LIABLE FOR ACCEPTING A NONCONSENSUAL LIEN FOR FILING PURSUANT TO SUBSECTION
A OR A NOTICE OF INVALID LIEN PURSUANT TO SUBSECTION B.
article 6. default
47-9601
.
Rights after default; judicial enforcement; consignor or buyer of accounts, chattel paper, payment
intangibles or promissory notes
A. AFTER DEFAULT, A SECURED PARTY HAS THE RIGHTS PROVIDED IN THIS ARTICLE AND, EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE PROVIDED IN SECTION 47-9602, THOSE PROVIDED
BY AGREEMENT OF THE PARTIES. A SECURED PARTY:
1. MAY REDUCE A CLAIM TO JUDGMENT, FORECLOSE OR OTHERWISE ENFORCE THE
CLAIM, SECURITY INTEREST OR AGRICULTURAL LIEN BY ANY AVAILABLE JUDICIAL
PROCEDURE; AND
2. IF THE COLLATERAL IS DOCUMENTS, MAY PROCEED EITHER AS TO THE
DOCUMENTS OR AS TO THE GOODS THEY COVER.
B. A SECURED PARTY IN POSSESSION OF COLLATERAL OR CONTROL OF
COLLATERAL UNDER SECTION 47-9104, 47-9105, 47-9106 OR 47-9107 HAS THE RIGHTS
AND DUTIES PROVIDED IN SECTION 47-9207.
C. THE RIGHTS UNDER SUBSECTIONS A AND B OF THIS SECTION ARE CUMULATIVE
AND MAY BE EXERCISED SIMULTANEOUSLY.
D. EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE PROVIDED IN SUBSECTION G OF THIS SECTION AND
SECTION 47-9605, AFTER DEFAULT, A DEBTOR AND AN OBLIGOR HAVE THE RIGHTS
PROVIDED IN THIS ARTICLE AND BY AGREEMENT OF THE PARTIES.
E. IF A SECURED PARTY HAS REDUCED ITS CLAIM TO JUDGMENT, THE LIEN OF
ANY LEVY THAT MAY BE MADE ON THE COLLATERAL BY VIRTUE OF AN EXECUTION BASED
ON THE JUDGMENT RELATES BACK TO THE EARLIEST OF:
1. THE DATE OF PERFECTION OF THE SECURITY INTEREST OR AGRICULTURAL
LIEN IN THE COLLATERAL;
2. THE DATE OF FILING A FINANCING STATEMENT COVERING THE COLLATERAL;
OR
3. ANY DATE SPECIFIED IN A STATUTE UNDER WHICH THE AGRICULTURAL LIEN
WAS CREATED.
F. A SALE PURSUANT TO AN EXECUTION IS A FORECLOSURE OF THE SECURITY
INTEREST OR AGRICULTURAL LIEN BY JUDICIAL PROCEDURE WITHIN THE MEANING OF
THIS SECTION. A SECURED PARTY MAY PURCHASE AT THE SALE AND THEREAFTER HOLD
THE COLLATERAL FREE OF ANY OTHER REQUIREMENTS OF THIS CHAPTER.
G. EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE PROVIDED IN SECTION 47-9607, SUBSECTION C, THIS
ARTICLE IMPOSES NO DUTIES ON A SECURED PARTY THAT IS A CONSIGNOR OR IS A
BUYER OF ACCOUNTS, CHATTEL PAPER, PAYMENT INTANGIBLES OR PROMISSORY NOTES.
47-9602
.
Waiver and variance of rights and duties
EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE PROVIDED IN SECTION 47-9624, TO THE EXTENT THAT THE RULES GIVE RIGHTS TO A DEBTOR OR OBLIGOR AND IMPOSE DUTIES ON A SECURED
PARTY, THE DEBTOR OR OBLIGOR MAY NOT WAIVE OR VARY THE RULES STATED IN THE
FOLLOWING LISTED SECTIONS:
1. SECTION 47-9207, SUBSECTION B, PARAGRAPH 4, SUBDIVISION
(c)
, WHICH DEALS WITH USE AND OPERATION OF THE COLLATERAL BY THE SECURED PARTY;
2. SECTION 47-9210, WHICH DEALS WITH REQUESTS FOR AN ACCOUNTING AND
REQUESTS CONCERNING A LIST OF COLLATERAL AND STATEMENT OF ACCOUNT;
3. SECTION 47-9607, SUBSECTION C, WHICH DEALS WITH COLLECTION AND
ENFORCEMENT OF COLLATERAL;
4. SECTION 47-9608, SUBSECTION A AND SECTION 47-9615, SUBSECTION C TO
THE EXTENT THAT THEY DEAL WITH APPLICATION OR PAYMENT OF NONCASH PROCEEDS OF
COLLECTION, ENFORCEMENT OR DISPOSITION;
5. SECTION 47-9608, SUBSECTION A AND SECTION 47-9615, SUBSECTION D TO
THE EXTENT THAT THEY REQUIRE ACCOUNTING FOR OR PAYMENT OF SURPLUS PROCEEDS
OF COLLATERAL;
6. SECTION 47-9609 TO THE EXTENT THAT IT IMPOSES ON A SECURED PARTY
THAT TAKES POSSESSION OF COLLATERAL WITHOUT JUDICIAL PROCESS THE DUTY TO DO
SO WITHOUT BREACH OF THE PEACE;
7. SECTION 47-9610, SUBSECTION B AND SECTIONS 47-9611, 47-9613 AND
47-9614, WHICH DEAL WITH DISPOSITION OF COLLATERAL;
8. SECTION 47-9615, SUBSECTION F, WHICH DEALS WITH CALCULATION OF A
DEFICIENCY OR SURPLUS WHEN A DISPOSITION IS MADE TO THE SECURED PARTY, A
PERSON RELATED TO THE SECURED PARTY OR A SECONDARY OBLIGOR;
9. SECTION 47-9616, WHICH DEALS WITH EXPLANATION OF THE CALCULATION
OF A SURPLUS OR DEFICIENCY;
10. SECTIONS 47-9620, 47-9621 AND 47-9622, WHICH DEAL WITH ACCEPTANCE
OF COLLATERAL IN SATISFACTION OF OBLIGATION;
11. SECTION 47-9623, WHICH DEALS WITH REDEMPTION OF COLLATERAL;
12. SECTION 47-9624, WHICH DEALS WITH PERMISSIBLE WAIVERS; AND
13. SECTIONS 47-9625 AND 47-9626, WHICH DEAL WITH THE SECURED PARTY'S
LIABILITY FOR FAILURE TO COMPLY WITH THIS CHAPTER.
47-9603
.
Agreement on standards concerning rights and duties
A. THE PARTIES MAY DETERMINE BY AGREEMENT THE STANDARDS MEASURING THE FULFILLMENT OF THE RIGHTS OF A DEBTOR OR OBLIGOR AND THE DUTIES OF A SECURED
PARTY UNDER A RULE STATED IN SECTION 47-9602 IF THE STANDARDS ARE NOT
MANIFESTLY UNREASONABLE.
B. SUBSECTION A OF THIS SECTION DOES NOT APPLY TO THE DUTY UNDER
SECTION 47-9609 TO REFRAIN FROM BREACHING THE PEACE.
47-9604
.
Procedure if security agreement covers real property or fixtures
A. IF A SECURITY AGREEMENT COVERS BOTH PERSONAL AND REAL PROPERTY, A SECURED PARTY MAY PROCEED:
1. UNDER THIS ARTICLE AS TO THE PERSONAL PROPERTY WITHOUT PREJUDICING
ANY RIGHTS WITH RESPECT TO THE REAL PROPERTY; OR
2. AS TO BOTH THE PERSONAL PROPERTY AND THE REAL PROPERTY IN
ACCORDANCE WITH THE RIGHTS WITH RESPECT TO THE REAL PROPERTY, IN WHICH CASE
THE OTHER PROVISIONS OF THIS ARTICLE DO NOT APPLY.
B. SUBJECT TO SUBSECTION C, IF A SECURITY AGREEMENT COVERS GOODS THAT
ARE OR BECOME FIXTURES, A SECURED PARTY MAY PROCEED:
1. UNDER THIS ARTICLE; OR
2. IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE RIGHTS WITH RESPECT TO REAL PROPERTY, IN
WHICH CASE THE OTHER PROVISIONS OF THIS ARTICLE DO NOT APPLY.
C. SUBJECT TO THE OTHER PROVISIONS OF THIS ARTICLE, IF A SECURED PARTY
HOLDING A SECURITY INTEREST IN FIXTURES HAS PRIORITY OVER ALL OWNERS AND
ENCUMBRANCERS OF THE REAL PROPERTY, THE SECURED PARTY, AFTER DEFAULT, MAY
REMOVE THE COLLATERAL FROM THE REAL PROPERTY.
D. A SECURED PARTY THAT REMOVES COLLATERAL SHALL PROMPTLY REIMBURSE
ANY ENCUMBRANCER OR OWNER OF THE REAL PROPERTY, OTHER THAN THE DEBTOR, FOR
THE COST OF REPAIR OF ANY PHYSICAL INJURY CAUSED BY THE REMOVAL. THE SECURED
PARTY NEED NOT REIMBURSE THE ENCUMBRANCER OR OWNER FOR ANY DIMINUTION IN
VALUE OF THE REAL PROPERTY CAUSED BY THE ABSENCE OF THE GOODS REMOVED OR BY
ANY NECESSITY OF REPLACING THEM. A PERSON ENTITLED TO REIMBURSEMENT MAY
REFUSE PERMISSION TO REMOVE UNTIL THE SECURED PARTY GIVES ADEQUATE ASSURANCE
FOR THE PERFORMANCE OF THE OBLIGATION TO REIMBURSE.
47-9605
.
Unknown debtor or secondary obligor
A SECURED PARTY DOES NOT OWE A DUTY BASED ON ITS STATUS AS SECURED PARTY:
1. TO A PERSON THAT IS A DEBTOR OR OBLIGOR, UNLESS THE SECURED PARTY
KNOWS:
(a)
THAT THE PERSON IS A DEBTOR OR OBLIGOR;
(b)
THE IDENTITY OF THE PERSON; AND
(c)
HOW TO COMMUNICATE WITH THE PERSON; OR
2. TO A SECURED PARTY OR LIENHOLDER THAT HAS FILED A FINANCING
STATEMENT AGAINST A PERSON, UNLESS THE SECURED PARTY KNOWS:
(a)
THAT THE PERSON IS A DEBTOR; AND
(b)
THE IDENTITY OF THE PERSON.
47-9606
.
Time of default for agricultural lien
FOR PURPOSES OF THIS ARTICLE, A DEFAULT OCCURS IN CONNECTION WITH AN AGRICULTURAL LIEN AT THE TIME THE SECURED PARTY BECOMES ENTITLED TO ENFORCE
THE LIEN IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE STATUTE UNDER WHICH IT WAS CREATED.
47-9607
.
Collection and enforcement by secured party
A. IF SO AGREED, AND IN ANY EVENT AFTER DEFAULT, A SECURED PARTY:
1. MAY NOTIFY AN ACCOUNT DEBTOR OR OTHER PERSON OBLIGATED ON
COLLATERAL TO MAKE PAYMENT OR OTHERWISE RENDER PERFORMANCE TO OR FOR THE
BENEFIT OF THE SECURED PARTY;
2. MAY TAKE ANY PROCEEDS TO WHICH THE SECURED PARTY IS ENTITLED UNDER
SECTION 47-9315;
3. MAY ENFORCE THE OBLIGATIONS OF AN ACCOUNT DEBTOR OR OTHER PERSON
OBLIGATED ON COLLATERAL AND EXERCISE THE RIGHTS OF THE DEBTOR WITH RESPECT
TO THE OBLIGATION OF THE ACCOUNT DEBTOR OR OTHER PERSON OBLIGATED ON
COLLATERAL TO MAKE PAYMENT OR OTHERWISE RENDER PERFORMANCE TO THE DEBTOR, AND
WITH RESPECT TO ANY PROPERTY THAT SECURES THE OBLIGATIONS OF THE ACCOUNT
DEBTOR OR OTHER PERSON OBLIGATED ON THE COLLATERAL;
4. IF IT HOLDS A SECURITY INTEREST IN A DEPOSIT ACCOUNT PERFECTED BY
CONTROL UNDER SECTION 47-9104, SUBSECTION A, PARAGRAPH 1, MAY APPLY THE
BALANCE OF THE DEPOSIT ACCOUNT TO THE OBLIGATION SECURED BY THE DEPOSIT
ACCOUNT; AND
5. IF IT HOLDS A SECURITY INTEREST IN A DEPOSIT ACCOUNT PERFECTED BY
CONTROL UNDER SECTION 47-9104, SUBSECTION A, PARAGRAPH 2 OR 3, MAY INSTRUCT
THE BANK TO PAY THE BALANCE OF THE DEPOSIT ACCOUNT TO OR FOR THE BENEFIT OF
THE SECURED PARTY.
B. IF NECESSARY TO ENABLE A SECURED PARTY TO EXERCISE UNDER SUBSECTION
A, PARAGRAPH 3 OF THIS SECTION THE RIGHT OF A DEBTOR TO ENFORCE A MORTGAGE
NONJUDICIALLY, THE SECURED PARTY MAY RECORD IN THE OFFICE IN WHICH A RECORD
OF THE MORTGAGE IS RECORDED:
1. A COPY OF THE SECURITY AGREEMENT THAT CREATES OR PROVIDES FOR A
SECURITY INTEREST IN THE OBLIGATION SECURED BY THE MORTGAGE; AND
2. THE SECURED PARTY'S SWORN AFFIDAVIT IN RECORDABLE FORM STATING
THAT:
(a)
A DEFAULT HAS OCCURRED; AND
(b)
THE SECURED PARTY IS ENTITLED TO ENFORCE THE MORTGAGE NONJUDICIALLY.
C. A SECURED PARTY SHALL PROCEED IN A COMMERCIALLY REASONABLE MANNER
IF THE SECURED PARTY:
1. UNDERTAKES TO COLLECT FROM OR ENFORCE AN OBLIGATION OF AN ACCOUNT
DEBTOR OR OTHER PERSON OBLIGATED ON COLLATERAL; AND
2. IS ENTITLED TO CHARGE BACK UNCOLLECTED COLLATERAL OR OTHERWISE TO
FULL OR LIMITED RECOURSE AGAINST THE DEBTOR OR A SECONDARY OBLIGOR.
D. A SECURED PARTY MAY DEDUCT FROM THE COLLECTIONS MADE PURSUANT TO
SUBSECTION C OF THIS SECTION REASONABLE EXPENSES OF COLLECTION AND
ENFORCEMENT, INCLUDING REASONABLE ATTORNEY FEES AND LEGAL EXPENSES INCURRED
BY THE SECURED PARTY.
E. THIS SECTION DOES NOT DETERMINE WHETHER AN ACCOUNT DEBTOR, BANK OR
OTHER PERSON OBLIGATED ON COLLATERAL OWES A DUTY TO A SECURED PARTY.
47-9608
.
Application of proceeds of collection or enforcement; liability for deficiency and right to surplus
A. IF A SECURITY INTEREST OR AGRICULTURAL LIEN SECURES PAYMENT OR PERFORMANCE OF AN OBLIGATION, THE FOLLOWING RULES APPLY:
1. A SECURED PARTY SHALL APPLY OR PAY OVER FOR APPLICATION THE CASH
PROCEEDS OF COLLECTION OR ENFORCEMENT UNDER THIS SECTION IN THE FOLLOWING
ORDER TO:
(a)
THE REASONABLE EXPENSES OF COLLECTION AND ENFORCEMENT AND, TO THE EXTENT PROVIDED FOR BY AGREEMENT AND NOT PROHIBITED BY LAW, REASONABLE
ATTORNEY FEES AND LEGAL EXPENSES INCURRED BY THE SECURED PARTY;
(b)
THE SATISFACTION OF OBLIGATIONS SECURED BY THE SECURITY INTEREST OR AGRICULTURAL LIEN UNDER WHICH THE COLLECTION OR ENFORCEMENT IS MADE; AND
(c)
THE SATISFACTION OF OBLIGATIONS SECURED BY ANY SUBORDINATE SECURITY INTEREST IN OR OTHER LIEN ON THE COLLATERAL SUBJECT TO THE SECURITY
INTEREST OR AGRICULTURAL LIEN UNDER WHICH THE COLLECTION OR ENFORCEMENT IS
MADE IF THE SECURED PARTY RECEIVES AN AUTHENTICATED DEMAND FOR PROCEEDS
BEFORE DISTRIBUTION OF THE PROCEEDS IS COMPLETED.
2. IF REQUESTED BY A SECURED PARTY, A HOLDER OF A SUBORDINATE SECURITY
INTEREST OR OTHER LIEN SHALL FURNISH REASONABLE PROOF OF THE INTEREST OR LIEN
WITHIN A REASONABLE TIME. UNLESS THE HOLDER COMPLIES, THE SECURED PARTY NEED
NOT COMPLY WITH THE HOLDER'S DEMAND UNDER PARAGRAPH 1, SUBDIVISION
(c)
.
3. A SECURED PARTY NEED NOT APPLY OR PAY OVER FOR APPLICATION NONCASH
PROCEEDS OF COLLECTION AND ENFORCEMENT UNDER THIS SECTION UNLESS THE FAILURE
TO DO SO WOULD BE COMMERCIALLY UNREASONABLE. A SECURED PARTY THAT APPLIES
OR PAYS OVER FOR APPLICATION NONCASH PROCEEDS SHALL DO SO IN A COMMERCIALLY
REASONABLE MANNER.
4. A SECURED PARTY SHALL ACCOUNT TO AND PAY A DEBTOR FOR ANY SURPLUS,
AND THE OBLIGOR IS LIABLE FOR ANY DEFICIENCY.
B. IF THE UNDERLYING TRANSACTION IS A SALE OF ACCOUNTS, CHATTEL PAPER,
PAYMENT INTANGIBLES OR PROMISSORY NOTES, THE DEBTOR IS NOT ENTITLED TO ANY
SURPLUS, AND THE OBLIGOR IS NOT LIABLE FOR ANY DEFICIENCY.
47-9609
.
Secured party's right to take possession after default
A. AFTER DEFAULT, A SECURED PARTY:
1. MAY TAKE POSSESSION OF THE COLLATERAL; AND
2. WITHOUT REMOVAL, MAY RENDER EQUIPMENT UNUSABLE AND DISPOSE OF
COLLATERAL ON A DEBTOR'S PREMISES UNDER SECTION 47-9610.
B. A SECURED PARTY MAY PROCEED UNDER SUBSECTION A OF THIS SECTION:
1. PURSUANT TO JUDICIAL PROCESS; OR
2. WITHOUT JUDICIAL PROCESS, IF IT PROCEEDS WITHOUT BREACH OF THE
PEACE.
C. IF SO AGREED, AND IN ANY EVENT AFTER DEFAULT, A SECURED PARTY MAY
REQUIRE THE DEBTOR TO ASSEMBLE THE COLLATERAL AND MAKE IT AVAILABLE TO THE
SECURED PARTY AT A PLACE TO BE DESIGNATED BY THE SECURED PARTY THAT IS
REASONABLY CONVENIENT TO BOTH PARTIES.
47-9610
.
Disposition of collateral after default
A. AFTER DEFAULT, A SECURED PARTY MAY SELL, LEASE, LICENSE OR OTHERWISE DISPOSE OF ANY OR ALL OF THE COLLATERAL IN ITS PRESENT CONDITION
OR FOLLOWING ANY COMMERCIALLY REASONABLE PREPARATION OR PROCESSING.
B. EVERY ASPECT OF A DISPOSITION OF COLLATERAL, INCLUDING THE METHOD,
MANNER, TIME, PLACE AND OTHER TERMS, MUST BE COMMERCIALLY REASONABLE. IF
COMMERCIALLY REASONABLE, A SECURED PARTY MAY DISPOSE OF COLLATERAL BY PUBLIC
OR PRIVATE PROCEEDINGS, BY ONE OR MORE CONTRACTS, AS A UNIT OR IN PARCELS,
AND AT ANY TIME AND PLACE AND ON ANY TERMS.
C. A SECURED PARTY MAY PURCHASE COLLATERAL:
1. AT A PUBLIC DISPOSITION; OR
2. AT A PRIVATE DISPOSITION ONLY IF THE COLLATERAL IS OF A KIND THAT
IS CUSTOMARILY SOLD ON A RECOGNIZED MARKET OR THE SUBJECT OF WIDELY
DISTRIBUTED STANDARD PRICE QUOTATIONS.
D. A CONTRACT FOR SALE, LEASE, LICENSE OR OTHER DISPOSITION INCLUDES
THE WARRANTIES RELATING TO TITLE, POSSESSION, QUIET ENJOYMENT AND THE LIKE
THAT BY OPERATION OF LAW ACCOMPANY A VOLUNTARY DISPOSITION OF PROPERTY OF THE
KIND SUBJECT TO THE CONTRACT.
E. A SECURED PARTY MAY DISCLAIM OR MODIFY WARRANTIES UNDER SUBSECTION
D:
1. IN A MANNER THAT WOULD BE EFFECTIVE TO DISCLAIM OR MODIFY THE
WARRANTIES IN A VOLUNTARY DISPOSITION OF PROPERTY OF THE KIND SUBJECT TO THE
CONTRACT OF DISPOSITION; OR
2. BY COMMUNICATING TO THE PURCHASER A RECORD EVIDENCING THE CONTRACT
FOR DISPOSITION AND INCLUDING AN EXPRESS DISCLAIMER OR MODIFICATION OF THE
WARRANTIES.
F. A RECORD IS SUFFICIENT TO DISCLAIM WARRANTIES UNDER SUBSECTION E
IF IT INDICATES "THERE IS NO WARRANTY RELATING TO TITLE, POSSESSION, QUIET
ENJOYMENT OR THE LIKE IN THIS DISPOSITION" OR USES WORDS OF SIMILAR IMPORT.
47-9611
.
Notification before disposition of collateral
A. IN THIS SECTION, "NOTIFICATION DATE" MEANS THE EARLIER OF THE DATE ON WHICH:
1. A SECURED PARTY SENDS TO THE DEBTOR AND ANY SECONDARY OBLIGOR AN
AUTHENTICATED NOTIFICATION OF DISPOSITION; OR
2. THE DEBTOR AND ANY SECONDARY OBLIGOR WAIVE THE RIGHT TO
NOTIFICATION.
B. EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE PROVIDED IN SUBSECTION D OF THIS SECTION, A
SECURED PARTY THAT DISPOSES OF COLLATERAL UNDER SECTION 47-9610 SHALL SEND
TO THE PERSONS SPECIFIED IN SUBSECTION C OF THIS SECTION A REASONABLE
AUTHENTICATED NOTIFICATION OF DISPOSITION.
C. TO COMPLY WITH SUBSECTION B OF THIS SECTION, THE SECURED PARTY
SHALL SEND AN AUTHENTICATED NOTIFICATION OF DISPOSITION TO:
1. THE DEBTOR;
2. ANY SECONDARY OBLIGOR; AND
3. IF THE COLLATERAL IS OTHER THAN CONSUMER GOODS:
(a)
ANY OTHER PERSON FROM WHICH THE SECURED PARTY HAS RECEIVED, BEFORE THE NOTIFICATION DATE, AN AUTHENTICATED NOTIFICATION OF A CLAIM OF AN
INTEREST IN THE COLLATERAL;
(b)
ANY OTHER SECURED PARTY OR LIENHOLDER THAT, TEN DAYS BEFORE THE NOTIFICATION DATE, HELD A SECURITY INTEREST IN OR OTHER LIEN ON THE
COLLATERAL PERFECTED BY THE FILING OF A FINANCING STATEMENT THAT:
(i)
IDENTIFIED THE COLLATERAL;
(ii)
WAS INDEXED UNDER THE DEBTOR'S NAME AS OF THAT DATE; AND
(iii)
WAS FILED IN THE OFFICE IN WHICH TO FILE A FINANCING STATEMENT AGAINST THE DEBTOR COVERING THE COLLATERAL AS OF THAT DATE; AND
(c)
ANY OTHER SECURED PARTY THAT, TEN DAYS BEFORE THE NOTIFICATION DATE, HELD A SECURITY INTEREST IN THE COLLATERAL PERFECTED BY COMPLIANCE WITH
A STATUTE, REGULATION OR TREATY DESCRIBED IN SECTION 47-9311, SUBSECTION A.
D. SUBSECTION B OF THIS SECTION DOES NOT APPLY IF THE COLLATERAL IS
PERISHABLE OR THREATENS TO DECLINE SPEEDILY IN VALUE OR IS OF A TYPE
CUSTOMARILY SOLD ON A RECOGNIZED MARKET.
E. A SECURED PARTY COMPLIES WITH THE REQUIREMENT FOR NOTIFICATION
PRESCRIBED BY SUBSECTION C, PARAGRAPH 3, SUBDIVISION
(b)
OF THIS SECTION IF:
1. NOT LATER THAN TWENTY DAYS OR EARLIER THAN THIRTY DAYS BEFORE THE
NOTIFICATION DATE, THE SECURED PARTY REQUESTS, IN A COMMERCIALLY REASONABLE
MANNER, INFORMATION CONCERNING FINANCING STATEMENTS INDEXED UNDER THE
DEBTOR'S NAME IN THE OFFICE INDICATED IN SUBSECTION C, PARAGRAPH 3,
SUBDIVISION
(b)
OF THIS SECTION; AND
2. BEFORE THE NOTIFICATION DATE, THE SECURED PARTY:
(a)
DID NOT RECEIVE A RESPONSE TO THE REQUEST FOR INFORMATION; OR
(b)
RECEIVED A RESPONSE TO THE REQUEST FOR INFORMATION AND SENT AN AUTHENTICATED NOTIFICATION OF DISPOSITION TO EACH SECURED PARTY NAMED IN THAT
RESPONSE AND WHOSE FINANCING STATEMENT COVERED THE COLLATERAL.
47-9612
.
Timeliness of notification before disposition of collateral
A. EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE PROVIDED IN SUBSECTION B, WHETHER A NOTIFICATION IS SENT WITHIN A REASONABLE TIME IS A QUESTION OF FACT.
B. IN A TRANSACTION OTHER THAN A CONSUMER TRANSACTION, A NOTIFICATION
OF DISPOSITION SENT AFTER DEFAULT AND TEN DAYS OR MORE BEFORE THE EARLIEST
TIME OF DISPOSITION SET FORTH IN THE NOTIFICATION IS SENT WITHIN A REASONABLE
TIME BEFORE THE DISPOSITION.
47-9613
.
Contents and form of notification before disposition of collateral; general
EXCEPT IN A CONSUMER GOODS TRANSACTION, THE FOLLOWING RULES APPLY:
1. THE CONTENTS OF A NOTIFICATION OF DISPOSITION ARE SUFFICIENT IF THE
NOTIFICATION:
(a)
DESCRIBES THE DEBTOR AND THE SECURED PARTY;
(b)
DESCRIBES THE COLLATERAL THAT IS THE SUBJECT OF THE INTENDED DISPOSITION;
(c)
STATES THE METHOD OF INTENDED DISPOSITION;
(d)
STATES THAT THE DEBTOR IS ENTITLED TO AN ACCOUNTING OF THE UNPAID INDEBTEDNESS AND STATES THE CHARGE, IF ANY, FOR AN ACCOUNTING; AND
(e)
STATES THE TIME AND PLACE OF A PUBLIC SALE OR THE TIME AFTER WHICH ANY OTHER DISPOSITION IS TO BE MADE.
2. WHETHER THE CONTENTS OF A NOTIFICATION THAT LACKS ANY OF THE
INFORMATION SPECIFIED IN PARAGRAPH 1 OF THIS SECTION ARE NEVERTHELESS
SUFFICIENT IS A QUESTION OF FACT.
3. THE CONTENTS OF A NOTIFICATION PROVIDING SUBSTANTIALLY THE
INFORMATION SPECIFIED IN PARAGRAPH 1 OF THIS SECTION ARE SUFFICIENT, EVEN IF
THE NOTIFICATION INCLUDES:
(a)
INFORMATION NOT SPECIFIED BY THAT PARAGRAPH; OR
(b)
MINOR ERRORS THAT ARE NOT SERIOUSLY MISLEADING.
4. A PARTICULAR PHRASING OF THE NOTIFICATION IS NOT REQUIRED.
5. THE FOLLOWING FORM OF NOTIFICATION AND THE FORM APPEARING IN
SECTION 47-9614, PARAGRAPH 3, WHEN COMPLETED, EACH PROVIDES SUFFICIENT
INFORMATION:
NOTIFICATION OF DISPOSITION OF COLLATERAL
TO:
[
NAME OF DEBTOR, OBLIGOR, OR OTHER PERSON TO WHICH THE
NOTIFICATION IS SENT
]
FROM:
[
NAME, ADDRESS, AND TELEPHONE NUMBER OF SECURED PARTY
]
NAME OF DEBTOR(S): [
INCLUDE ONLY IF DEBTOR(S) ARE NOT AN ADDRESSEE
]
[
FOR A PUBLIC DISPOSITION:
]
WE WILL SELL [OR LEASE OR LICENSE,
AS APPLICABLE
] THE [
DESCRIBE COLLATERAL
] [TO THE HIGHEST QUALIFIED BIDDER] IN PUBLIC AS FOLLOWS:
DAY AND DATE:
TIME:
PLACE:
[
FOR A PRIVATE DISPOSITION:
]
WE WILL SELL [OR LEASE OR LICENSE,
AS APPLICABLE
] THE [
DESCRIBE COLLATERAL
] PRIVATELY SOMETIME AFTER [
DAY AND DATE
].
YOU ARE ENTITLED TO AN ACCOUNTING OF THE UNPAID INDEBTEDNESS SECURED BY THE
PROPERTY THAT WE INTEND TO SELL [OR LEASE OR LICENSE,
AS APPLICABLE
] [FOR A CHARGE OF $ ]. YOU MAY REQUEST AN ACCOUNTING BY
CALLING US AT [
TELEPHONE NUMBER
].
47-9614
.
Contents and form of notification before disposition of collateral: consumer goods transaction
IN A CONSUMER GOODS TRANSACTION, THE FOLLOWING RULES APPLY:
1. A NOTIFICATION OF DISPOSITION MUST PROVIDE THE FOLLOWING
INFORMATION:
(a)
THE INFORMATION SPECIFIED IN SECTION 47-9613, PARAGRAPH 1;
(b)
A DESCRIPTION OF ANY LIABILITY FOR A DEFICIENCY OF THE PERSON TO WHICH THE NOTIFICATION IS SENT;
(c)
A TELEPHONE NUMBER FROM WHICH THE AMOUNT THAT MUST BE PAID TO THE SECURED PARTY TO REDEEM THE COLLATERAL UNDER SECTION 47-9623 IS AVAILABLE;
AND
(d)
A TELEPHONE NUMBER OR MAILING ADDRESS FROM WHICH ADDITIONAL INFORMATION CONCERNING THE DISPOSITION AND THE OBLIGATION SECURED IS
AVAILABLE.
2. A PARTICULAR PHRASING OF THE NOTIFICATION IS NOT REQUIRED.
3. THE FOLLOWING FORM OF NOTIFICATION, WHEN COMPLETED, PROVIDES
SUFFICIENT INFORMATION:
[
NAME AND ADDRESS OF SECURED PARTY
]
[
DATE
]
NOTICE OF OUR PLAN TO SELL PROPERTY
[
NAME AND ADDRESS OF ANY OBLIGOR WHO IS ALSO A DEBTOR
]
SUBJECT: [
IDENTIFICATION OF TRANSACTION
]
WE HAVE YOUR [
DESCRIBE COLLATERAL
], BECAUSE YOU BROKE PROMISES IN OUR AGREEMENT.
[
FOR A PUBLIC DISPOSITION:
]
WE WILL SELL [
DESCRIBE COLLATERAL
] AT PUBLIC SALE. A SALE COULD INCLUDE A LEASE OR LICENSE. THE SALE WILL BE HELD AS FOLLOWS:
DATE:
TIME:
PLACE:
YOU MAY ATTEND THE SALE AND BRING BIDDERS IF YOU WANT.
[
FOR A PRIVATE DISPOSITION:
]
WE WILL SELL [
DESCRIBE COLLATERAL
] AT PRIVATE SALE SOMETIME AFTER [
DATE
]
. A SALE COULD INCLUDE A LEASE OR LICENSE.
THE MONEY THAT WE GET FROM THE SALE (AFTER PAYING OUR COSTS) WILL REDUCE THE
AMOUNT YOU OWE. IF WE GET LESS MONEY THAN YOU OWE, YOU [
WILL OR WILL NOT, AS APPLICABLE
] STILL OWE US THE DIFFERENCE. IF WE GET MORE MONEY THAN
YOU OWE, YOU WILL GET THE EXTRA MONEY, UNLESS WE MUST PAY IT TO SOMEONE
ELSE.
YOU CAN GET THE PROPERTY BACK AT ANY TIME BEFORE WE SELL IT BY PAYING US THE
FULL AMOUNT YOU OWE (NOT JUST THE PAST DUE PAYMENTS), INCLUDING OUR EXPENSES.
TO LEARN THE EXACT AMOUNT YOU MUST PAY, CALL US AT [
TELEPHONE NUMBER
].
IF YOU WANT US TO EXPLAIN TO YOU IN WRITING HOW WE HAVE FIGURED THE AMOUNT
THAT YOU OWE US, YOU MAY CALL US AT [
TELEPHONE NUMBER
] [OR WRITE US AT [
SECURED PARTY'S ADDRESS
]
] AND REQUEST A WRITTEN EXPLANATION. [WE WILL CHARGE YOU $ FOR THE EXPLANATION IF WE SENT YOU ANOTHER WRITTEN EXPLANATION
OF THE AMOUNT YOU OWE US WITHIN THE LAST SIX MONTHS.]
IF YOU NEED MORE INFORMATION ABOUT THE SALE CALL US AT [
TELEPHONE NUMBER
] [OR WRITE US AT [
SECURED PARTY'S
ADDRESS
]].
WE ARE SENDING THIS NOTICE TO THE FOLLOWING OTHER PEOPLE WHO HAVE AN INTEREST
IN [
DESCRIBE COLLATERAL
] OR WHO OWE MONEY UNDER YOUR AGREEMENT:
[
NAMES OF ALL OTHER DEBTORS AND OBLIGORS, IF ANY
]
4. A NOTIFICATION IN THE FORM OF PARAGRAPH 3 OF THIS SECTION IS
SUFFICIENT, EVEN IF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION APPEARS AT THE END OF THE FORM.
5. A NOTIFICATION IN THE FORM OF PARAGRAPH 3 OF THIS SECTION IS
SUFFICIENT, EVEN IF IT INCLUDES ERRORS IN INFORMATION NOT REQUIRED BY
PARAGRAPH 1 OF THIS SECTION, UNLESS THE ERROR IS MISLEADING WITH RESPECT TO
RIGHTS ARISING UNDER THIS CHAPTER.
6. IF A NOTIFICATION UNDER THIS SECTION IS NOT IN THE FORM OF
PARAGRAPH 3 OF THIS SECTION, LAW OTHER THAN THIS CHAPTER DETERMINES THE
EFFECT OF INCLUDING INFORMATION NOT REQUIRED BY PARAGRAPH 1 OF THIS SECTION.
47-9615
.
Application of proceeds of disposition; liability for deficiency and right to surplus
A. A SECURED PARTY SHALL APPLY OR PAY OVER FOR APPLICATION THE CASH PROCEEDS OF DISPOSITION IN THE FOLLOWING ORDER TO:
1. THE REASONABLE EXPENSES OF RETAKING, HOLDING, PREPARING FOR
DISPOSITION, PROCESSING AND DISPOSING, AND, TO THE EXTENT PROVIDED FOR BY AGREEMENT AND NOT PROHIBITED BY LAW, REASONABLE ATTORNEY FEES AND LEGAL
EXPENSES INCURRED BY THE SECURED PARTY;
2. THE SATISFACTION OF OBLIGATIONS SECURED BY THE SECURITY INTEREST
OR AGRICULTURAL LIEN UNDER WHICH THE DISPOSITION IS MADE;
3. THE SATISFACTION OF OBLIGATIONS SECURED BY ANY SUBORDINATE SECURITY
INTEREST IN OR OTHER SUBORDINATE LIEN ON THE COLLATERAL IF:
(a)
THE SECURED PARTY RECEIVES FROM THE HOLDER OF THE SUBORDINATE SECURITY INTEREST OR OTHER LIEN AN AUTHENTICATED DEMAND FOR PROCEEDS BEFORE
DISTRIBUTION OF THE PROCEEDS IS COMPLETED; AND
(b)
IN A CASE IN WHICH A CONSIGNOR HAS AN INTEREST IN THE COLLATERAL, THE SUBORDINATE SECURITY INTEREST OR OTHER LIEN IS SENIOR TO THE INTEREST OF
THE CONSIGNOR; AND
4. A SECURED PARTY THAT IS A CONSIGNOR OF THE COLLATERAL IF THE
SECURED PARTY RECEIVES FROM THE CONSIGNOR AN AUTHENTICATED DEMAND FOR
PROCEEDS BEFORE DISTRIBUTION OF THE PROCEEDS IS COMPLETED.
B. IF REQUESTED BY A SECURED PARTY, A HOLDER OF A SUBORDINATE SECURITY
INTEREST OR OTHER LIEN SHALL FURNISH REASONABLE PROOF OF THE INTEREST OR LIEN
WITHIN A REASONABLE TIME. UNLESS THE HOLDER DOES SO, THE SECURED PARTY NEED
NOT COMPLY WITH THE HOLDER'S DEMAND UNDER SUBSECTION A, PARAGRAPH 3.
C. A SECURED PARTY NEED NOT APPLY OR PAY OVER FOR APPLICATION NONCASH
PROCEEDS OF DISPOSITION UNDER THIS SECTION UNLESS THE FAILURE TO DO SO WOULD
BE COMMERCIALLY UNREASONABLE. A SECURED PARTY THAT APPLIES OR PAYS OVER FOR
APPLICATION NONCASH PROCEEDS SHALL DO SO IN A COMMERCIALLY REASONABLE MANNER.
D. IF THE SECURITY INTEREST UNDER WHICH A DISPOSITION IS MADE SECURES
PAYMENT OR PERFORMANCE OF AN OBLIGATION, AFTER MAKING THE PAYMENTS AND
APPLICATIONS REQUIRED BY SUBSECTION A AND PERMITTED BY SUBSECTION C:
1. UNLESS SUBSECTION A, PARAGRAPH 4 REQUIRES THE SECURED PARTY TO
APPLY OR PAY OVER CASH PROCEEDS TO A CONSIGNOR, THE SECURED PARTY SHALL
ACCOUNT TO AND PAY A DEBTOR FOR ANY SURPLUS; AND
2. THE OBLIGOR IS LIABLE FOR ANY DEFICIENCY.
E. IF THE UNDERLYING TRANSACTION IS A SALE OF ACCOUNTS, CHATTEL PAPER,
PAYMENT INTANGIBLES, OR PROMISSORY NOTES:
1. THE DEBTOR IS NOT ENTITLED TO ANY SURPLUS; AND
2. THE OBLIGOR IS NOT LIABLE FOR ANY DEFICIENCY.
F. THE SURPLUS OR DEFICIENCY FOLLOWING A DISPOSITION IS CALCULATED
BASED ON THE AMOUNT OF PROCEEDS THAT WOULD HAVE BEEN REALIZED IN A
DISPOSITION COMPLYING WITH THIS ARTICLE TO A TRANSFEREE OTHER THAN THE
SECURED PARTY, A PERSON RELATED TO THE SECURED PARTY OR A SECONDARY OBLIGOR
IF:
1. THE TRANSFEREE IN THE DISPOSITION IS THE SECURED PARTY, A PERSON
RELATED TO THE SECURED PARTY OR A SECONDARY OBLIGOR; AND
2. THE AMOUNT OF PROCEEDS OF THE DISPOSITION IS SIGNIFICANTLY BELOW
THE RANGE OF PROCEEDS THAT A COMPLYING DISPOSITION TO A PERSON OTHER THAN THE SECURED PARTY, A PERSON RELATED TO THE SECURED PARTY OR A SECONDARY OBLIGOR
WOULD HAVE BROUGHT.
G. A SECURED PARTY THAT RECEIVES CASH PROCEEDS OF A DISPOSITION IN
GOOD FAITH AND WITHOUT KNOWLEDGE THAT THE RECEIPT VIOLATES THE RIGHTS OF THE
HOLDER OF A SECURITY INTEREST OR OTHER LIEN THAT IS NOT SUBORDINATE TO THE
SECURITY INTEREST OR AGRICULTURAL LIEN UNDER WHICH THE DISPOSITION IS MADE:
1. TAKES THE CASH PROCEEDS FREE OF THE SECURITY INTEREST OR OTHER
LIEN;
2. IS NOT OBLIGATED TO APPLY THE PROCEEDS OF THE DISPOSITION TO THE
SATISFACTION OF OBLIGATIONS SECURED BY THE SECURITY INTEREST OR OTHER LIEN;
AND
3. IS NOT OBLIGATED TO ACCOUNT TO OR PAY THE HOLDER OF THE SECURITY
INTEREST OR OTHER LIEN FOR ANY SURPLUS.
47-9616
.
Explanation of calculation of surplus or deficiency; definitions
A. IN THIS SECTION:
1. "EXPLANATION" MEANS A WRITING THAT:
(a)
STATES THE AMOUNT OF THE SURPLUS OR DEFICIENCY;
(b)
PROVIDES AN EXPLANATION IN ACCORDANCE WITH SUBSECTION C OF THIS SECTION OF HOW THE SECURED PARTY CALCULATED THE SURPLUS OR DEFICIENCY;
(c)
STATES, IF APPLICABLE, THAT FUTURE DEBITS, CREDITS, CHARGES, INCLUDING ADDITIONAL CREDIT SERVICE CHARGES OR INTEREST, REBATES, AND
EXPENSES MAY AFFECT THE AMOUNT OF THE SURPLUS OR DEFICIENCY; AND
(d)
PROVIDES A TELEPHONE NUMBER OR MAILING ADDRESS FROM WHICH ADDITIONAL INFORMATION CONCERNING THE TRANSACTION IS AVAILABLE.
2. "REQUEST" MEANS A RECORD:
(a)
AUTHENTICATED BY A DEBTOR OR CONSUMER OBLIGOR;
(b)
REQUESTING THAT THE RECIPIENT PROVIDE AN EXPLANATION; AND
(c)
SENT AFTER DISPOSITION OF THE COLLATERAL UNDER SECTION 47-9610.
B. IN A CONSUMER GOODS TRANSACTION IN WHICH THE DEBTOR IS ENTITLED TO
A SURPLUS OR A CONSUMER OBLIGOR IS LIABLE FOR A DEFICIENCY UNDER SECTION
47-9615, THE SECURED PARTY SHALL:
1. SEND AN EXPLANATION TO THE DEBTOR OR CONSUMER OBLIGOR, AS
APPLICABLE, AFTER THE DISPOSITION AND:
(a)
BEFORE OR WHEN THE SECURED PARTY ACCOUNTS TO THE DEBTOR AND PAYS ANY SURPLUS OR FIRST MAKES WRITTEN DEMAND ON THE CONSUMER OBLIGOR AFTER THE
DISPOSITION FOR PAYMENT OF THE DEFICIENCY; AND
(b)
WITHIN FOURTEEN DAYS AFTER RECEIPT OF A REQUEST; OR
2. IN THE CASE OF A CONSUMER OBLIGOR WHO IS LIABLE FOR A DEFICIENCY,
WITHIN FOURTEEN DAYS AFTER RECEIPT OF A REQUEST, SEND TO THE CONSUMER OBLIGOR
A RECORD WAIVING THE SECURED PARTY'S RIGHT TO A DEFICIENCY.
C. TO COMPLY WITH SUBSECTION A, PARAGRAPH 1, SUBDIVISION
(b)
OF THIS SECTION, A WRITING MUST PROVIDE THE FOLLOWING INFORMATION IN THE FOLLOWING
ORDER:
1. THE AGGREGATE AMOUNT OF OBLIGATIONS SECURED BY THE SECURITY
INTEREST UNDER WHICH THE DISPOSITION WAS MADE, AND, IF THE AMOUNT REFLECTS
A REBATE OF UNEARNED INTEREST OR CREDIT SERVICE CHARGE, AN INDICATION OF THAT
FACT, CALCULATED AS OF A SPECIFIED DATE:
(a)
IF THE SECURED PARTY TAKES OR RECEIVES POSSESSION OF THE COLLATERAL AFTER DEFAULT, NOT MORE THAN THIRTY-FIVE DAYS BEFORE THE SECURED
PARTY TAKES OR RECEIVES POSSESSION; OR
(b)
IF THE SECURED PARTY TAKES OR RECEIVES POSSESSION OF THE COLLATERAL BEFORE DEFAULT OR DOES NOT TAKE POSSESSION OF THE COLLATERAL, NOT
MORE THAN THIRTY-FIVE DAYS BEFORE THE DISPOSITION;
2. THE AMOUNT OF PROCEEDS OF THE DISPOSITION;
3. THE AGGREGATE AMOUNT OF THE OBLIGATIONS AFTER DEDUCTING THE AMOUNT
OF PROCEEDS;
4. THE AMOUNT, IN THE AGGREGATE OR BY TYPE, AND TYPES OF EXPENSES,
INCLUDING EXPENSES OF RETAKING, HOLDING, PREPARING FOR DISPOSITION,
PROCESSING AND DISPOSING OF THE COLLATERAL, AND ATTORNEY FEES SECURED BY THE
COLLATERAL THAT ARE KNOWN TO THE SECURED PARTY AND RELATE TO THE CURRENT
DISPOSITION;
5. THE AMOUNT, IN THE AGGREGATE OR BY TYPE, AND TYPES OF CREDITS,
INCLUDING REBATES OF INTEREST OR CREDIT SERVICE CHARGES, TO WHICH THE OBLIGOR
IS KNOWN TO BE ENTITLED AND THAT ARE NOT REFLECTED IN THE AMOUNT IN PARAGRAPH
1 OF THIS SUBSECTION; AND
6. THE AMOUNT OF THE SURPLUS OR DEFICIENCY.
D. A PARTICULAR PHRASING OF THE EXPLANATION IS NOT REQUIRED. AN
EXPLANATION COMPLYING SUBSTANTIALLY WITH THE REQUIREMENTS OF SUBSECTION A OF
THIS SECTION IS SUFFICIENT, EVEN IF IT INCLUDES MINOR ERRORS THAT ARE NOT
SERIOUSLY MISLEADING.
E. A DEBTOR OR CONSUMER OBLIGOR IS ENTITLED WITHOUT CHARGE TO ONE
RESPONSE TO A REQUEST UNDER THIS SECTION DURING ANY SIX MONTH PERIOD IN WHICH
THE SECURED PARTY DID NOT SEND TO THE DEBTOR OR CONSUMER OBLIGOR AN
EXPLANATION PURSUANT TO SUBSECTION B, PARAGRAPH 1 OF THIS SECTION. THE
SECURED PARTY MAY REQUIRE PAYMENT OF A CHARGE NOT EXCEEDING TWENTY-FIVE
DOLLARS FOR EACH ADDITIONAL RESPONSE.
47-9617
.
Rights of transferee of collateral
A. A SECURED PARTY'S DISPOSITION OF COLLATERAL AFTER DEFAULT:
1. TRANSFERS TO A TRANSFEREE FOR VALUE ALL OF THE DEBTOR'S RIGHTS IN
THE COLLATERAL;
2. DISCHARGES THE SECURITY INTEREST UNDER WHICH THE DISPOSITION IS
MADE; AND
3. DISCHARGES ANY SUBORDINATE SECURITY INTEREST OR OTHER SUBORDINATE
LIEN.
B. A TRANSFEREE THAT ACTS IN GOOD FAITH TAKES FREE OF THE RIGHTS AND
INTERESTS DESCRIBED IN SUBSECTION A, EVEN IF THE SECURED PARTY FAILS TO
COMPLY WITH THIS ARTICLE OR THE REQUIREMENTS OF ANY JUDICIAL PROCEEDING.
C. IF A TRANSFEREE DOES NOT TAKE FREE OF THE RIGHTS AND INTERESTS
DESCRIBED IN SUBSECTION A, THE TRANSFEREE TAKES THE COLLATERAL SUBJECT TO:
1. THE DEBTOR'S RIGHTS IN THE COLLATERAL;
2. THE SECURITY INTEREST OR AGRICULTURAL LIEN UNDER WHICH THE
DISPOSITION IS MADE; AND
3. ANY OTHER SECURITY INTEREST OR OTHER LIEN.
47-9618
.
Rights and duties of certain secondary obligors
A. A SECONDARY OBLIGOR ACQUIRES THE RIGHTS AND BECOMES OBLIGATED TO PERFORM THE DUTIES OF THE SECURED PARTY AFTER THE SECONDARY OBLIGOR:
1. RECEIVES AN ASSIGNMENT OF A SECURED OBLIGATION FROM THE SECURED
PARTY;
2. RECEIVES A TRANSFER OF COLLATERAL FROM THE SECURED PARTY AND AGREES
TO ACCEPT THE RIGHTS AND ASSUME THE DUTIES OF THE SECURED PARTY; OR
3. IS SUBROGATED TO THE RIGHTS OF A SECURED PARTY WITH RESPECT TO
COLLATERAL.
B. AN ASSIGNMENT, TRANSFER OR SUBROGATION DESCRIBED IN SUBSECTION A
OF THIS SECTION:
1. IS NOT A DISPOSITION OF COLLATERAL UNDER SECTION 47-9610; AND
2. RELIEVES THE SECURED PARTY OF FURTHER DUTIES UNDER THIS CHAPTER.
47-9619
.
Transfer of record or legal title; definition
A. IN THIS SECTION, "TRANSFER STATEMENT" MEANS A RECORD AUTHENTICATED BY A SECURED PARTY AND STATING:
1. THAT THE DEBTOR HAS DEFAULTED IN CONNECTION WITH AN OBLIGATION
SECURED BY SPECIFIED COLLATERAL;
2. THAT THE SECURED PARTY HAS EXERCISED ITS POST DEFAULT REMEDIES WITH
RESPECT TO THE COLLATERAL;
3. THAT, BY REASON OF THE EXERCISE, A TRANSFEREE HAS ACQUIRED THE
RIGHTS OF THE DEBTOR IN THE COLLATERAL; AND
4. THE NAME AND MAILING ADDRESS OF THE SECURED PARTY, DEBTOR AND
TRANSFEREE.
B. A TRANSFER STATEMENT ENTITLES THE TRANSFEREE TO THE TRANSFER OF
RECORD OF ALL RIGHTS OF THE DEBTOR IN THE COLLATERAL SPECIFIED IN THE
STATEMENT IN ANY OFFICIAL FILING, RECORDING, REGISTRATION OR CERTIFICATE OF
TITLE SYSTEM COVERING THE COLLATERAL. IF A TRANSFER STATEMENT IS PRESENTED
WITH THE APPLICABLE FEE AND REQUEST FORM TO THE OFFICIAL OR OFFICE
RESPONSIBLE FOR MAINTAINING THE SYSTEM, THE OFFICIAL OR OFFICE SHALL:
1. ACCEPT THE TRANSFER STATEMENT;
2. PROMPTLY AMEND ITS RECORDS TO REFLECT THE TRANSFER; AND
3. IF APPLICABLE, ISSUE A NEW APPROPRIATE CERTIFICATE OF TITLE IN THE
NAME OF THE TRANSFEREE.
C. A TRANSFER OF THE RECORD OR LEGAL TITLE TO COLLATERAL TO A SECURED
PARTY UNDER SUBSECTION B OR OTHERWISE IS NOT OF ITSELF A DISPOSITION OF
COLLATERAL UNDER THIS CHAPTER AND DOES NOT OF ITSELF RELIEVE THE SECURED
PARTY OF ITS DUTIES UNDER THIS CHAPTER.
47-9620
.
Acceptance of collateral in full or partial satisfaction of obligation; compulsory disposition
of collateral
A. EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE PROVIDED IN SUBSECTION G OF THIS SECTION, A SECURED PARTY MAY ACCEPT COLLATERAL IN FULL OR PARTIAL SATISFACTION OF THE
OBLIGATION IT SECURES ONLY IF:
1. THE DEBTOR CONSENTS TO THE ACCEPTANCE UNDER SUBSECTION C OF THIS
SECTION;
2. THE SECURED PARTY DOES NOT RECEIVE, WITHIN THE TIME SET FORTH IN
SUBSECTION D OF THIS SECTION, A NOTIFICATION OF OBJECTION TO THE PROPOSAL
AUTHENTICATED BY:
(a)
A PERSON TO WHICH THE SECURED PARTY WAS REQUIRED TO SEND A PROPOSAL UNDER SECTION 47-9621; OR
(b)
ANY OTHER PERSON, OTHER THAN THE DEBTOR, HOLDING AN INTEREST IN THE COLLATERAL SUBORDINATE TO THE SECURITY INTEREST THAT IS THE SUBJECT OF
THE PROPOSAL;
3. IF THE COLLATERAL IS CONSUMER GOODS, THE COLLATERAL IS NOT IN THE
POSSESSION OF THE DEBTOR WHEN THE DEBTOR CONSENTS TO THE ACCEPTANCE; AND
4. SUBSECTION E OF THIS SECTION DOES NOT REQUIRE THE SECURED PARTY TO
DISPOSE OF THE COLLATERAL OR THE DEBTOR WAIVES THE REQUIREMENT PURSUANT TO
SECTION 47-9624.
B. A PURPORTED OR APPARENT ACCEPTANCE OF COLLATERAL UNDER THIS SECTION
IS INEFFECTIVE UNLESS:
1. THE SECURED PARTY CONSENTS TO THE ACCEPTANCE IN AN AUTHENTICATED
RECORD OR SENDS A PROPOSAL TO THE DEBTOR; AND
2. THE CONDITIONS OF SUBSECTION A OF THIS SECTION ARE MET.
C. FOR PURPOSES OF THIS SECTION:
1. A DEBTOR CONSENTS TO AN ACCEPTANCE OF COLLATERAL IN PARTIAL
SATISFACTION OF THE OBLIGATION IT SECURES ONLY IF THE DEBTOR AGREES TO THE
TERMS OF THE ACCEPTANCE IN A RECORD AUTHENTICATED AFTER DEFAULT; AND
2. A DEBTOR CONSENTS TO AN ACCEPTANCE OF COLLATERAL IN FULL
SATISFACTION OF THE OBLIGATION IT SECURES ONLY IF THE DEBTOR AGREES TO THE
TERMS OF THE ACCEPTANCE IN A RECORD AUTHENTICATED AFTER DEFAULT OR THE
SECURED PARTY:
(a)
SENDS TO THE DEBTOR AFTER DEFAULT A PROPOSAL THAT IS UNCONDITIONAL OR SUBJECT ONLY TO A CONDITION THAT COLLATERAL NOT IN THE POSSESSION OF THE
SECURED PARTY BE PRESERVED OR MAINTAINED;
(b)
IN THE PROPOSAL, PROPOSES TO ACCEPT COLLATERAL IN FULL SATISFACTION OF THE OBLIGATION IT SECURES; AND
(c)
DOES NOT RECEIVE A NOTIFICATION OF OBJECTION AUTHENTICATED BY THE DEBTOR WITHIN TWENTY DAYS AFTER THE PROPOSAL IS SENT.
D. TO BE EFFECTIVE UNDER SUBSECTION A, PARAGRAPH 2 OF THIS SECTION,
A NOTIFICATION OF OBJECTION MUST BE RECEIVED BY THE SECURED PARTY:
1. IN THE CASE OF A PERSON TO WHICH THE PROPOSAL WAS SENT PURSUANT TO
SECTION 47-9621, WITHIN TWENTY DAYS AFTER NOTIFICATION WAS SENT TO THAT
PERSON; AND
2. IN OTHER CASES:
(a)
WITHIN TWENTY DAYS AFTER THE LAST NOTIFICATION WAS SENT PURSUANT TO SECTION 47-9621; OR
(b)
IF A NOTIFICATION WAS NOT SENT, BEFORE THE DEBTOR CONSENTS TO THE ACCEPTANCE UNDER SUBSECTION C OF THIS SECTION.
E. A SECURED PARTY THAT HAS TAKEN POSSESSION OF COLLATERAL SHALL
DISPOSE OF THE COLLATERAL PURSUANT TO SECTION 47-9610 WITHIN THE TIME
SPECIFIED IN SUBSECTION F OF THIS SECTION IF:
1. SIXTY PER CENT OF THE CASH PRICE HAS BEEN PAID IN THE CASE OF A
PURCHASE MONEY SECURITY INTEREST IN CONSUMER GOODS; OR
2. SIXTY PER CENT OF THE PRINCIPAL AMOUNT OF THE OBLIGATION SECURED
HAS BEEN PAID IN THE CASE OF A NONPURCHASE MONEY SECURITY INTEREST IN
CONSUMER GOODS.
F. TO COMPLY WITH SUBSECTION E OF THIS SECTION, THE SECURED PARTY
SHALL DISPOSE OF THE COLLATERAL:
1. WITHIN NINETY DAYS AFTER TAKING POSSESSION; OR
2. WITHIN ANY LONGER PERIOD TO WHICH THE DEBTOR AND ALL SECONDARY
OBLIGORS HAVE AGREED IN AN AGREEMENT TO THAT EFFECT ENTERED INTO AND
AUTHENTICATED AFTER DEFAULT.
G. IN A CONSUMER TRANSACTION, A SECURED PARTY MAY NOT ACCEPT
COLLATERAL IN PARTIAL SATISFACTION OF THE OBLIGATION IT SECURES.
47-9621
.
Notification of proposal to accept collateral
A. A SECURED PARTY THAT DESIRES TO ACCEPT COLLATERAL IN FULL OR PARTIAL SATISFACTION OF THE OBLIGATION IT SECURES SHALL SEND ITS PROPOSAL TO:
1. ANY PERSON FROM WHICH THE SECURED PARTY HAS RECEIVED, BEFORE THE
DEBTOR CONSENTED TO THE ACCEPTANCE, AN AUTHENTICATED NOTIFICATION OF A CLAIM
OF AN INTEREST IN THE COLLATERAL;
2. ANY OTHER SECURED PARTY OR LIENHOLDER THAT, TEN DAYS BEFORE THE
DEBTOR CONSENTED TO THE ACCEPTANCE, HELD A SECURITY INTEREST IN OR OTHER LIEN
ON THE COLLATERAL PERFECTED BY THE FILING OF A FINANCING STATEMENT THAT:
(a)
IDENTIFIED THE COLLATERAL;
(b)
WAS INDEXED UNDER THE DEBTOR'S NAME AS OF THAT DATE; AND
(c)
WAS FILED IN THE OFFICE OR OFFICES IN WHICH TO FILE A FINANCING STATEMENT AGAINST THE DEBTOR COVERING THE COLLATERAL AS OF THAT DATE; AND
3. ANY OTHER SECURED PARTY THAT, TEN DAYS BEFORE THE DEBTOR CONSENTED
TO THE ACCEPTANCE, HELD A SECURITY INTEREST IN THE COLLATERAL PERFECTED BY
COMPLIANCE WITH A STATUTE, REGULATION OR TREATY DESCRIBED IN SECTION 47-9311,
SUBSECTION A.
B. A SECURED PARTY THAT DESIRES TO ACCEPT COLLATERAL IN PARTIAL
SATISFACTION OF THE OBLIGATION IT SECURES SHALL SEND ITS PROPOSAL TO ANY
SECONDARY OBLIGOR IN ADDITION TO THE PERSONS DESCRIBED IN SUBSECTION A OF
THIS SECTION.
47-9622
.
Effect of acceptance of collateral
A. A SECURED PARTY'S ACCEPTANCE OF COLLATERAL IN FULL OR PARTIAL SATISFACTION OF THE OBLIGATION IT SECURES:
1. DISCHARGES THE OBLIGATION TO THE EXTENT CONSENTED TO BY THE DEBTOR;
2. TRANSFERS TO THE SECURED PARTY ALL OF A DEBTOR'S RIGHTS IN THE
COLLATERAL;
3. DISCHARGES THE SECURITY INTEREST OR AGRICULTURAL LIEN THAT IS THE
SUBJECT OF THE DEBTOR'S CONSENT AND ANY SUBORDINATE SECURITY INTEREST OR
OTHER SUBORDINATE LIEN; AND
4. TERMINATES ANY OTHER SUBORDINATE INTEREST.
B. A SUBORDINATE INTEREST IS DISCHARGED OR TERMINATED UNDER SUBSECTION
A OF THIS SECTION, EVEN IF THE SECURED PARTY FAILS TO COMPLY WITH THIS
CHAPTER.
47-9623
.
Right to redeem collateral
A. A DEBTOR, ANY SECONDARY OBLIGOR OR ANY OTHER SECURED PARTY OR LIENHOLDER MAY REDEEM COLLATERAL.
B. TO REDEEM COLLATERAL, A PERSON SHALL TENDER:
1. FULFILLMENT OF ALL OBLIGATIONS SECURED BY THE COLLATERAL; AND
2. THE REASONABLE EXPENSES AND ATTORNEY FEES DESCRIBED IN SECTION
47-9615, SUBSECTION A, PARAGRAPH 1.
C. A REDEMPTION MAY OCCUR AT ANY TIME BEFORE A SECURED PARTY:
1. HAS COLLECTED COLLATERAL UNDER SECTION 47-9607;
2. HAS DISPOSED OF COLLATERAL OR ENTERED INTO A CONTRACT FOR ITS
DISPOSITION UNDER SECTION 47-9610; OR
3. HAS ACCEPTED COLLATERAL IN FULL OR PARTIAL SATISFACTION OF THE
OBLIGATION IT SECURES UNDER SECTION 47-9622.
47-9624
.
Waiver
A. A DEBTOR OR SECONDARY OBLIGOR MAY WAIVE THE RIGHT TO NOTIFICATION OF DISPOSITION OF COLLATERAL UNDER SECTION 47-9611 ONLY BY AN AGREEMENT TO
THAT EFFECT ENTERED INTO AND AUTHENTICATED AFTER DEFAULT.
B. A DEBTOR MAY WAIVE THE RIGHT TO REQUIRE DISPOSITION OF COLLATERAL
UNDER SECTION 47-9620, SUBSECTION E ONLY BY AN AGREEMENT TO THAT EFFECT
ENTERED INTO AND AUTHENTICATED AFTER DEFAULT.
C. EXCEPT IN A CONSUMER GOODS TRANSACTION, A DEBTOR OR SECONDARY
OBLIGOR MAY WAIVE THE RIGHT TO REDEEM COLLATERAL UNDER SECTION 47-9623 ONLY
BY AN AGREEMENT TO THAT EFFECT ENTERED INTO AND AUTHENTICATED AFTER DEFAULT.
47-9625
.
Remedies for failure to comply with chapter
A. IF IT IS ESTABLISHED THAT A SECURED PARTY IS NOT PROCEEDING IN ACCORDANCE WITH THIS CHAPTER, A COURT MAY ORDER OR RESTRAIN COLLECTION,
ENFORCEMENT OR DISPOSITION OF COLLATERAL ON APPROPRIATE TERMS AND CONDITIONS.
B. SUBJECT TO SUBSECTIONS C, D AND F OF THIS SECTION, A PERSON IS
LIABLE FOR DAMAGES IN THE AMOUNT OF ANY LOSS CAUSED BY A FAILURE TO COMPLY
WITH THIS CHAPTER. LOSS CAUSED BY A FAILURE TO COMPLY WITH A REQUEST UNDER
SECTION 47-9210 MAY INCLUDE LOSS RESULTING FROM THE DEBTOR'S INABILITY TO
OBTAIN, OR INCREASED COSTS OF, ALTERNATIVE FINANCING.
C. EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE PROVIDED IN SECTION 47-9628:
1. A PERSON THAT, AT THE TIME OF THE FAILURE, WAS A DEBTOR, WAS AN
OBLIGOR OR HELD A SECURITY INTEREST IN OR OTHER LIEN ON THE COLLATERAL MAY
RECOVER DAMAGES UNDER SUBSECTION B OF THIS SECTION FOR ITS LOSS; AND
2. IF THE COLLATERAL IS CONSUMER GOODS, A PERSON THAT WAS A DEBTOR OR
A SECONDARY OBLIGOR AT THE TIME A SECURED PARTY FAILED TO COMPLY WITH THIS
ARTICLE MAY RECOVER FOR THAT FAILURE IN ANY EVENT AN AMOUNT NOT LESS THAN THE
CREDIT SERVICE CHARGE PLUS TEN PER CENT OF THE PRINCIPAL AMOUNT OF THE
OBLIGATION OR THE TIME PRICE DIFFERENTIAL PLUS TEN PER CENT OF THE CASH
PRICE.
D. A DEBTOR WHOSE DEFICIENCY IS ELIMINATED UNDER SECTION 47-9626 MAY
RECOVER DAMAGES FOR THE LOSS OF ANY SURPLUS. HOWEVER, A DEBTOR OR SECONDARY
OBLIGOR WHOSE DEFICIENCY IS ELIMINATED OR REDUCED UNDER SECTION 47-9626 MAY
NOT OTHERWISE RECOVER UNDER SUBSECTION B OF THIS SECTION FOR NONCOMPLIANCE
WITH THE PROVISIONS OF THIS ARTICLE RELATING TO COLLECTION, ENFORCEMENT,
DISPOSITION OR ACCEPTANCE.
E. IN ADDITION TO ANY DAMAGES RECOVERABLE UNDER SUBSECTION B OF THIS
SECTION, THE DEBTOR, CONSUMER OBLIGOR OR PERSON NAMED AS A DEBTOR IN A FILED
RECORD, AS APPLICABLE, MAY RECOVER FIVE HUNDRED DOLLARS IN EACH CASE FROM A
PERSON THAT:
1. FAILS TO COMPLY WITH SECTION 47-9208;
2. FAILS TO COMPLY WITH SECTION 47-9209;
3. FILES A RECORD THAT THE PERSON IS NOT ENTITLED TO FILE UNDER
SECTION 47-9509, SUBSECTION A;
4. FAILS TO CAUSE THE SECURED PARTY OF RECORD TO FILE OR SEND A
TERMINATION STATEMENT AS REQUIRED BY SECTION 47-9513, SUBSECTION A OR C;
5. FAILS TO COMPLY WITH SECTION 47-9616, SUBSECTION B, PARAGRAPH 1 AND
WHOSE FAILURE IS PART OF A PATTERN, OR CONSISTENT WITH A PRACTICE, OF
NONCOMPLIANCE; OR
6. FAILS TO COMPLY WITH SECTION 47-9616, SUBSECTION B, PARAGRAPH 2.
F. A DEBTOR OR CONSUMER OBLIGOR MAY RECOVER DAMAGES UNDER SUBSECTION
B OF THIS SECTION AND, IN ADDITION, FIVE HUNDRED DOLLARS IN EACH CASE FROM
A PERSON THAT, WITHOUT REASONABLE CAUSE, FAILS TO COMPLY WITH A REQUEST UNDER
SECTION 47-9210. A RECIPIENT OF A REQUEST UNDER SECTION 47-9210 THAT NEVER
CLAIMED AN INTEREST IN THE COLLATERAL OR OBLIGATIONS THAT ARE THE SUBJECT OF A REQUEST UNDER THAT SECTION HAS A REASONABLE EXCUSE FOR FAILURE TO COMPLY
WITH THE REQUEST WITHIN THE MEANING OF THIS SUBSECTION.
G. IF A PERSON FAILS TO COMPLY WITH A REQUEST REGARDING A LIST OF
COLLATERAL OR A STATEMENT OF ACCOUNT UNDER SECTION 47-9210, THE PERSON MAY
CLAIM A SECURITY INTEREST ONLY AS SHOWN IN THE STATEMENT INCLUDED IN THE
REQUEST AS AGAINST ANOTHER PERSON THAT IS REASONABLY MISLED BY THE FAILURE.
47-9626
.
Action in which deficiency or surplus is in issue
A. IN AN ACTION ARISING FROM A TRANSACTION, OTHER THAN A CONSUMER TRANSACTION, IN WHICH THE AMOUNT OF A DEFICIENCY OR SURPLUS IS IN ISSUE, THE
FOLLOWING RULES APPLY:
1. A SECURED PARTY NEED NOT PROVE COMPLIANCE WITH THE PROVISIONS OF
THIS ARTICLE RELATING TO COLLECTION, ENFORCEMENT, DISPOSITION OR ACCEPTANCE
UNLESS THE DEBTOR OR A SECONDARY OBLIGOR PLACES THE SECURED PARTY'S
COMPLIANCE IN ISSUE.
2. IF THE SECURED PARTY'S COMPLIANCE IS PLACED IN ISSUE, THE SECURED
PARTY HAS THE BURDEN OF ESTABLISHING THAT THE COLLECTION, ENFORCEMENT,
DISPOSITION OR ACCEPTANCE WAS CONDUCTED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THIS ARTICLE.
3. EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE PROVIDED IN SECTION 47-9628, IF A SECURED PARTY
FAILS TO PROVE THAT THE COLLECTION, ENFORCEMENT, DISPOSITION OR ACCEPTANCE
WAS CONDUCTED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE PROVISIONS OF THIS ARTICLE RELATING TO
COLLECTION, ENFORCEMENT, DISPOSITION OR ACCEPTANCE, THE LIABILITY OF A DEBTOR
OR A SECONDARY OBLIGOR FOR A DEFICIENCY IS LIMITED TO AN AMOUNT BY WHICH THE
SUM OF THE SECURED OBLIGATION, EXPENSES AND ATTORNEY FEES EXCEEDS THE GREATER
OF:
(a)
THE PROCEEDS OF THE COLLECTION, ENFORCEMENT, DISPOSITION OR ACCEPTANCE; OR
(b)
THE AMOUNT OF PROCEEDS THAT WOULD HAVE BEEN REALIZED HAD THE NONCOMPLYING SECURED PARTY PROCEEDED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE PROVISIONS OF
THIS ARTICLE RELATING TO COLLECTION, ENFORCEMENT, DISPOSITION OR ACCEPTANCE.
4. FOR PURPOSES OF PARAGRAPH 3, SUBDIVISION
(b)
, THE AMOUNT OF PROCEEDS THAT WOULD HAVE BEEN REALIZED IS EQUAL TO THE SUM OF THE SECURED
OBLIGATION, EXPENSES AND ATTORNEY FEES UNLESS THE SECURED PARTY PROVES THAT
THE AMOUNT IS LESS THAN THAT SUM.
5. IF A DEFICIENCY OR SURPLUS IS CALCULATED UNDER SECTION 47-9615,
SUBSECTION F, THE DEBTOR OR OBLIGOR HAS THE BURDEN OF ESTABLISHING THAT THE
AMOUNT OF PROCEEDS OF THE DISPOSITION IS SIGNIFICANTLY BELOW THE RANGE OF
PRICES THAT A COMPLYING DISPOSITION TO A PERSON OTHER THAN THE SECURED PARTY,
A PERSON RELATED TO THE SECURED PARTY OR A SECONDARY OBLIGOR WOULD HAVE
BROUGHT.
B. THE LIMITATION OF THE RULES IN SUBSECTION A OF THIS SECTION TO
TRANSACTIONS OTHER THAN CONSUMER TRANSACTIONS IS INTENDED TO LEAVE TO THE
COURT THE DETERMINATION OF THE PROPER RULES IN CONSUMER TRANSACTIONS. THE COURT MAY NOT INFERFROM THAT LIMITATION THE NATURE OF THE PROPER RULE IN
CONSUMER TRANSACTIONS AND MAY CONTINUE TO APPLY ESTABLISHED APPROACHES.
47-9627
.
Determination of whether conduct was commercially reasonable
A. THE FACT THAT A GREATER AMOUNT COULD HAVE BEEN OBTAINED BY A COLLECTION, ENFORCEMENT, DISPOSITION OR ACCEPTANCE AT A DIFFERENT TIME OR IN
A DIFFERENT METHOD FROM THAT SELECTED BY THE SECURED PARTY IS NOT OF ITSELF
SUFFICIENT TO PRECLUDE THE SECURED PARTY FROM ESTABLISHING THAT THE
COLLECTION, ENFORCEMENT, DISPOSITION OR ACCEPTANCE WAS MADE IN A COMMERCIALLY
REASONABLE MANNER.
B. A DISPOSITION OF COLLATERAL IS MADE IN A COMMERCIALLY REASONABLE
MANNER IF THE DISPOSITION IS MADE:
1. IN THE USUAL MANNER ON ANY RECOGNIZED MARKET;
2. AT THE PRICE CURRENT IN ANY RECOGNIZED MARKET AT THE TIME OF THE
DISPOSITION; OR
3. OTHERWISE IN CONFORMITY WITH REASONABLE COMMERCIAL PRACTICES AMONG
DEALERS IN THE TYPE OF PROPERTY THAT WAS THE SUBJECT OF THE DISPOSITION.
C. A COLLECTION, ENFORCEMENT, DISPOSITION OR ACCEPTANCE IS
COMMERCIALLY REASONABLE IF IT HAS BEEN APPROVED:
1. IN A JUDICIAL PROCEEDING;
2. BY A BONA FIDE CREDITORS' COMMITTEE;
3. BY A REPRESENTATIVE OF CREDITORS; OR
4. BY AN ASSIGNEE FOR THE BENEFIT OF CREDITORS.
D. APPROVAL UNDER SUBSECTION C NEED NOT BE OBTAINED, AND LACK OF
APPROVAL DOES NOT MEAN THAT THE COLLECTION, ENFORCEMENT, DISPOSITION OR
ACCEPTANCE IS NOT COMMERCIALLY REASONABLE.
47-9628
.
Nonliability and limitation on liability of secured party; liability of secondary obligor
A. UNLESS A SECURED PARTY KNOWS THAT A PERSON IS A DEBTOR OR OBLIGOR, KNOWS THE IDENTITY OF THE PERSON AND KNOWS HOW TO COMMUNICATE WITH THE
PERSON:
1. THE SECURED PARTY IS NOT LIABLE TO THE PERSON, OR TO A SECURED
PARTY OR LIENHOLDER THAT HAS FILED A FINANCING STATEMENT AGAINST THE PERSON,
FOR FAILURE TO COMPLY WITH THIS CHAPTER; AND
2. THE SECURED PARTY'S FAILURE TO COMPLY WITH THIS CHAPTER DOES NOT
AFFECT THE LIABILITY OF THE PERSON FOR A DEFICIENCY.
B. A SECURED PARTY IS NOT LIABLE BECAUSE OF ITS STATUS AS SECURED
PARTY:
1. TO A PERSON THAT IS A DEBTOR OR OBLIGOR, UNLESS THE SECURED PARTY
KNOWS:
(a)
THAT THE PERSON IS A DEBTOR OR OBLIGOR;
(b)
THE IDENTITY OF THE PERSON; AND
(c)
HOW TO COMMUNICATE WITH THE PERSON; OR
2. TO A SECURED PARTY OR LIENHOLDER THAT HAS FILED A FINANCING
STATEMENT AGAINST A PERSON, UNLESS THE SECURED PARTY KNOWS:
(a)
THAT THE PERSON IS A DEBTOR; AND
(b)
THE IDENTITY OF THE PERSON.
C. A SECURED PARTY IS NOT LIABLE TO ANY PERSON, AND A PERSON'S
LIABILITY FOR A DEFICIENCY IS NOT AFFECTED, BECAUSE OF ANY ACT OR OMISSION
ARISING OUT OF THE SECURED PARTY'S REASONABLE BELIEF THAT A TRANSACTION IS
NOT A CONSUMER GOODS TRANSACTION OR A CONSUMER TRANSACTION OR THAT GOODS ARE
NOT CONSUMER GOODS, IF THE SECURED PARTY'S BELIEF IS BASED ON ITS REASONABLE
RELIANCE ON:
1. A DEBTOR'S REPRESENTATION CONCERNING THE PURPOSE FOR WHICH
COLLATERAL WAS TO BE USED, ACQUIRED OR HELD; OR
2. AN OBLIGOR'S REPRESENTATION CONCERNING THE PURPOSE FOR WHICH A
SECURED OBLIGATION WAS INCURRED.
D. A SECURED PARTY IS NOT LIABLE TO ANY PERSON UNDER SECTION 47-9625,
SUBSECTION C, PARAGRAPH 2 FOR ITS FAILURE TO COMPLY WITH SECTION 47-9616.
E. A SECURED PARTY IS NOT LIABLE UNDER SECTION 47-9625, SUBSECTION C,
PARAGRAPH 2 MORE THAN ONCE WITH RESPECT TO ANY ONE SECURED OBLIGATION.
article 7. transition
47-9701
.
Effective date
THIS CHAPTER TAKES EFFECT ON JULY 1, 2001.
47-9702
.
Savings clause
A. EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE PROVIDED IN THIS ARTICLE, THIS CHAPTER APPLIES TO A TRANSACTION OR LIEN WITHIN ITS SCOPE, EVEN IF THE TRANSACTION OR LIEN
WAS ENTERED INTO OR CREATED BEFORE THIS CHAPTER TAKES EFFECT.
B. EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE PROVIDED IN SUBSECTION C OF THIS SECTION AND
SECTIONS 47-9703 THROUGH 47-9708:
1. TRANSACTIONS AND LIENS THAT WERE NOT GOVERNED BY THE FORMER CHAPTER
9 OF THIS TITLE, WERE VALIDLY ENTERED INTO OR CREATED BEFORE JULY 1, 2001 AND
WOULD BE SUBJECT TO THIS CHAPTER IF THEY HAD BEEN ENTERED INTO OR CREATED
AFTER JULY 1, 2001, AND THE RIGHTS, DUTIES AND INTERESTS FLOWING FROM THOSE
TRANSACTIONS AND LIENS REMAIN VALID AFTER JULY 1, 2001; AND
2. THE TRANSACTIONS AND LIENS MAY BE TERMINATED, COMPLETED,
CONSUMMATED AND ENFORCED AS REQUIRED OR PERMITTED BY THIS CHAPTER OR BY THE
LAW THAT OTHERWISE WOULD APPLY IF THIS CHAPTER HAD NOT TAKEN EFFECT.
C. THIS CHAPTER DOES NOT AFFECT AN ACTION, CASE OR PROCEEDING
COMMENCED BEFORE JULY 1, 2001.
47-9703
.
Security interest perfected before effective date
A. A SECURITY INTEREST THAT IS ENFORCEABLE IMMEDIATELY BEFORE JULY 1, 2001 AND WOULD HAVE PRIORITY OVER THE RIGHTS OF A PERSON THAT BECOMES A LIEN
CREDITOR AT THAT TIME IS A PERFECTED SECURITY INTEREST UNDER THIS CHAPTER IF,
ON JULY 1, 2001, THE APPLICABLE REQUIREMENTS FOR ENFORCEABILITY AND
PERFECTION UNDER THIS CHAPTER ARE SATISFIED WITHOUT FURTHER ACTION.
B. EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE PROVIDED IN SECTION 47-9705, IF, IMMEDIATELY
BEFORE JULY 1, 2001, A SECURITY INTEREST IS ENFORCEABLE AND WOULD HAVE
PRIORITY OVER THE RIGHTS OF A PERSON THAT BECOMES A LIEN CREDITOR AT THAT
TIME, BUT THE APPLICABLE REQUIREMENTS FOR ENFORCEABILITY OR PERFECTION UNDER
THIS CHAPTER ARE NOT SATISFIED ON JULY 1, 2001, THE SECURITY INTEREST:
1. IS A PERFECTED SECURITY INTEREST FOR ONE YEAR AFTER JULY 1, 2001;
2. REMAINS ENFORCEABLE THEREAFTER ONLY IF THE SECURITY INTEREST
BECOMES ENFORCEABLE UNDER SECTION 47-9203 BEFORE THE YEAR EXPIRES; AND
3. REMAINS PERFECTED THEREAFTER ONLY IF THE APPLICABLE REQUIREMENTS
FOR PERFECTION UNDER THIS CHAPTER ARE SATISFIED BEFORE THE YEAR EXPIRES.
47-9704
.
Security interest unperfected before effective date
A SECURITY INTEREST THAT IS ENFORCEABLE IMMEDIATELY BEFORE JULY 1, 2001 BUT THAT WOULD BE SUBORDINATE TO THE RIGHTS OF A PERSON THAT BECOMES A LIEN
CREDITOR AT THAT TIME:
1. REMAINS AN ENFORCEABLE SECURITY INTEREST FOR ONE YEAR AFTER JULY
1, 2001;
2. REMAINS ENFORCEABLE THEREAFTER IF THE SECURITY INTEREST BECOMES
ENFORCEABLE UNDER SECTION 47-9203 ON JULY 1, 2001 OR WITHIN ONE YEAR
THEREAFTER; AND
3. BECOMES PERFECTED:
(a)
WITHOUT FURTHER ACTION, ON JULY 1, 2001 IF THE APPLICABLE REQUIREMENTS FOR PERFECTION UNDER THIS CHAPTER ARE SATISFIED BEFORE OR AT
THAT TIME; OR
(b)
WHEN THE APPLICABLE REQUIREMENTS FOR PERFECTION ARE SATISFIED IF THE REQUIREMENTS ARE SATISFIED AFTER THAT TIME.
47-9705
.
Effectiveness of action taken before effective date
A. IF ACTION, OTHER THAN THE FILING OF A FINANCING STATEMENT, IS TAKEN BEFORE JULY 1, 2001 AND THE ACTION WOULD HAVE RESULTED IN PRIORITY OF A
SECURITY INTEREST OVER THE RIGHTS OF A PERSON THAT BECOMES A LIEN CREDITOR
HAD THE SECURITY INTEREST BECOME ENFORCEABLE BEFORE JULY 1, 2001, THE ACTION
IS EFFECTIVE TO PERFECT A SECURITY INTEREST THAT ATTACHES UNDER THIS CHAPTER
WITHIN ONE YEAR AFTER JULY 1, 2001. AN ATTACHED SECURITY INTEREST BECOMES
UNPERFECTED ONE YEAR AFTER JULY 1, 2001 UNLESS THE SECURITY INTEREST BECOMES
A PERFECTED SECURITY INTEREST UNDER THIS CHAPTER BEFORE THE EXPIRATION OF
THAT PERIOD.
B. THE FILING OF A FINANCING STATEMENT BEFORE JULY 1, 2001 IS
EFFECTIVE TO PERFECT A SECURITY INTEREST TO THE EXTENT THE FILING WOULD
SATISFY THE APPLICABLE REQUIREMENTS FOR PERFECTION UNDER THIS CHAPTER.
C. THIS CHAPTER DOES NOT RENDER INEFFECTIVE AN EFFECTIVE FINANCING
STATEMENT THAT BEFORE JULY 1, 2001 IS FILED AND SATISFIES THE APPLICABLE
REQUIREMENTS FOR PERFECTION UNDER THE LAW OF THE JURISDICTION GOVERNING
PERFECTION AS PROVIDED IN FORMER SECTION 47-9103. HOWEVER, EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE PROVIDED IN SUBSECTIONS D AND E OF THIS SECTION AND SECTION
47-9706, THE FINANCING STATEMENT CEASES TO BE EFFECTIVE AT THE EARLIER OF:
1. THE TIME THE FINANCING STATEMENT WOULD HAVE CEASED TO BE EFFECTIVE
UNDER THE LAW OF THE JURISDICTION IN WHICH IT IS FILED; OR
2. JUNE 30, 2006.
D. THE FILING OF A CONTINUATION STATEMENT AFTER JULY 1, 2001 DOES NOT
CONTINUE THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE FINANCING STATEMENT FILED BEFORE JULY 1,
2001. HOWEVER, ON THE TIMELY FILING OF A CONTINUATION STATEMENT AFTER JULY
1, 2001 AND IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE LAW OF THE JURISDICTION GOVERNING
PERFECTION AS PROVIDED IN ARTICLE 3 OF THIS CHAPTER, THE EFFECTIVENESS OF A
FINANCING STATEMENT FILED IN THE SAME OFFICE IN THAT JURISDICTION BEFORE JULY
1, 2001 CONTINUES FOR THE PERIOD PROVIDED BY THE LAW OF THAT JURISDICTION.
E. SUBSECTION C, PARAGRAPH 2 OF THIS SECTION APPLIES TO A FINANCING
STATEMENT THAT BEFORE JULY 1, 2001 IS FILED AGAINST A TRANSMITTING UTILITY
AND SATISFIES THE APPLICABLE REQUIREMENTS FOR PERFECTION UNDER THE LAW OF THE
JURISDICTION GOVERNING PERFECTION AS PROVIDED IN FORMER SECTION 47-9103 ONLY
TO THE EXTENT THAT ARTICLE 3 OF THIS CHAPTER PROVIDES THAT THE LAW OF A
JURISDICTION OTHER THAN JURISDICTION IN WHICH THE FINANCING STATEMENT IS
FILED GOVERNS PERFECTION OF A SECURITY INTEREST IN COLLATERAL COVERED BY THE
FINANCING STATEMENT.
F. A FINANCING STATEMENT THAT INCLUDES A FINANCING STATEMENT FILED
BEFORE JULY 1, 2001 AND A CONTINUATION STATEMENT FILED AFTER JULY 1, 2001 IS
EFFECTIVE ONLY TO THE EXTENT THAT IT SATISFIES THE REQUIREMENTS OF ARTICLE
5 OF THIS CHAPTER FOR AN INITIAL FINANCING STATEMENT.
47-9706
.
When initial financing statement suffices as continuation statement
A. THE FILING OF AN INITIAL FINANCING STATEMENT IN THE OFFICE SPECIFIED IN SECTION 47-9501 CONTINUES THE EFFECTIVENESS OF A FINANCING
STATEMENT FILED BEFORE JULY 1, 2001 IF:
1. THE FILING OF AN INITIAL FINANCING STATEMENT IN THAT OFFICE WOULD
BE EFFECTIVE TO PERFECT A SECURITY INTEREST UNDER THIS CHAPTER;
2. THE PRE-EFFECTIVE DATE FINANCING STATEMENT WAS FILED IN AN OFFICE
IN ANOTHER STATE OR ANOTHER OFFICE IN THIS STATE; AND
3. THE INITIAL FINANCING STATEMENT SATISFIES SUBSECTION B OF THIS
SECTION.
B. THE FILING OF AN INITIAL FINANCING STATEMENT UNDER SUBSECTION A OF
THIS SECTION CONTINUES THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE PRE-EFFECTIVE-DATE FINANCING
STATEMENT:
1. IF THE INITIAL FINANCING STATEMENT IS FILED BEFORE JULY 1, 2001,
FOR THE PERIOD PROVIDED IN FORMER SECTION 47-9403 WITH RESPECT TO A FINANCING
STATEMENT; AND
2. IF THE INITIAL FINANCING STATEMENT IS FILED BEFORE JULY 1, 2001,
FOR THE PERIOD PROVIDED IN SECTION 47-9515 WITH RESPECT TO AN INITIAL
FINANCING STATEMENT.
C. TO BE EFFECTIVE FOR PURPOSES OF SUBSECTION A OF THIS SECTION, AN
INITIAL FINANCING STATEMENT MUST:
1. SATISFY THE REQUIREMENTS OF ARTICLE 5 OF THIS CHAPTER FOR AN
INITIAL FINANCING STATEMENT;
2. IDENTIFY THE PRE-EFFECTIVE DATE FINANCING STATEMENT BY INDICATING
THE OFFICE IN WHICH THE FINANCING STATEMENT WAS FILED AND PROVIDING THE DATES
OF FILING AND FILE NUMBERS, IF ANY, OF THE FINANCING STATEMENT AND OF THE
MOST RECENT CONTINUATION STATEMENT FILED WITH RESPECT TO THE FINANCING
STATEMENT; AND
3. INDICATE THAT THE PRE-EFFECTIVE DATE FINANCING STATEMENT REMAINS
EFFECTIVE.
47-9707
.
Persons entitled to file initial financing statement or continuation statement
A PERSON MAY FILE AN INITIAL FINANCING STATEMENT OR A CONTINUATION STATEMENT UNDER THIS ARTICLE IF:
1. THE SECURED PARTY OF RECORD AUTHORIZES THE FILING; AND
2. THE FILING IS NECESSARY UNDER THIS ARTICLE:
(a)
TO CONTINUE THE EFFECTIVENESS OF A FINANCING STATEMENT FILED BEFORE JULY 1, 2001; OR
(b)
TO PERFECT OR CONTINUE THE PERFECTION OF A SECURITY INTEREST.
47-9708
.
Priority
A. THIS CHAPTER DETERMINES THE PRIORITY OF CONFLICTING CLAIMS TO COLLATERAL. HOWEVER, IF THE RELATIVE PRIORITIES OF THE CLAIMS WERE
ESTABLISHED BEFORE JULY 1, 2001, FORMER CHAPTER 9 OF THIS TITLE DETERMINES
PRIORITY.
B. FOR PURPOSES OF SECTION 47-9322, SUBSECTION A, THE PRIORITY OF A
SECURITY INTEREST THAT BECOMES ENFORCEABLE UNDER SECTION 47-9203 DATES FROM
JULY 1, 2001 IF THE SECURITY INTEREST IS PERFECTED UNDER THIS CHAPTER BY THE
FILING OF A FINANCING STATEMENT BEFORE JULY 1, 2001 THAT WOULD NOT HAVE BEEN
EFFECTIVE TO PERFECT THE SECURITY INTEREST UNDER FORMER CHAPTER 9 OF THIS
TITLE. THIS SUBSECTION DOES NOT APPLY TO CONFLICTING SECURITY INTERESTS EACH
OF WHICH IS PERFECTED BY THE FILING OF SUCH A FINANCING STATEMENT.
Sec. 36.
Repeal
Title 47, chapter 11, Arizona Revised Statutes, is repealed.
Sec. 37.
Interagency service agreement
The secretary of state may enter into an interagency service agreement
with the attorney general pursuant to section 35-148, Arizona Revised Statutes, to provide continuing legal advice and representation and other
services relating to the implementation of this act.
Sec. 38.
Effective date
This act is effective on July 1, 2001.
APPROVED BY THE GOVERNOR MAY 12, 1999.
FILED IN THE OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY OF STATE MAY 12, 1999.
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