| Table 5-27 |
| U.S. article coauthorship, by sector, foreign coauthorship, and U.S. coauthor sector: 1995 and 2005 |
| (Percent) |
| |
| |
|
|
|
U.S. coauthor sector |
| Year/sector |
|
Foreign
coauthor |
|
FFRDCs |
|
Federal
government |
|
State/local
government |
|
Academic
institutions |
|
Industry |
|
Private
nonprofit |
| |
| 1995 |
|
| FFRDCs |
|
28.2 |
|
12.7 |
|
7.1 |
|
0.2 |
|
44.5 |
|
8.7 |
|
3.3 |
| Federal government |
|
16.2 |
|
2.5 |
|
16.9 |
|
1.9 |
|
51.3 |
|
8.5 |
|
7.6 |
| State/local government |
|
9.9 |
|
0.6 |
|
13.5 |
|
12.8 |
|
63.2 |
|
8.0 |
|
15.3 |
| Academic institutions |
|
16.6 |
|
2.4 |
|
7.7 |
|
1.4 |
|
36.3 |
|
5.7 |
|
8.4 |
| Industry |
|
16.1 |
|
3.3 |
|
9.1 |
|
1.2 |
|
40.3 |
|
13.7 |
|
7.2 |
| Private nonprofit |
|
14.4 |
|
1.2 |
|
7.6 |
|
2.2 |
|
56.1 |
|
6.8 |
|
22.9 |
| 2005 |
|
| FFRDCs |
|
38.3 |
|
16.9 |
|
8.2 |
|
0.3 |
|
54.3 |
|
6.9 |
|
4.2 |
| Federal government |
|
25.2 |
|
3.4 |
|
19.3 |
|
2.7 |
|
58.8 |
|
9.3 |
|
11.1 |
| State/local government |
|
15.3 |
|
0.8 |
|
16.9 |
|
15.6 |
|
70.6 |
|
10.3 |
|
19.3 |
| Academic institutions |
|
25.6 |
|
3.1 |
|
8.0 |
|
1.5 |
|
42.9 |
|
6.1 |
|
9.7 |
| Industry |
|
26.3 |
|
3.2 |
|
10.5 |
|
1.8 |
|
50.7 |
|
16.0 |
|
11.8 |
| Private nonprofit |
|
4.4 |
|
1.5 |
|
9.6 |
|
2.6 |
|
61.8 |
|
9.1 |
|
27.4 |
| 1995–2005 change (percentage points) |
|
| FFRDCs |
|
10.1 |
|
4.2 |
|
1.1 |
|
0.1 |
|
9.8 |
|
-1.8 |
|
0.9 |
| Federal government |
|
9.1 |
|
0.9 |
|
2.4 |
|
0.8 |
|
7.5 |
|
0.8 |
|
3.5 |
| State/local government |
|
5.5 |
|
0.2 |
|
3.4 |
|
2.8 |
|
7.5 |
|
2.3 |
|
4.0 |
| Academic institutions |
|
9.0 |
|
0.7 |
|
0.3 |
|
0.2 |
|
6.6 |
|
0.4 |
|
1.3 |
| Industry |
|
10.2 |
|
-0.1 |
|
1.4 |
|
0.6 |
|
10.3 |
|
2.3 |
|
4.6 |
| Private nonprofit |
|
10.0 |
|
0.3 |
|
2.0 |
|
0.5 |
|
5.6 |
|
2.3 |
|
4.6 |
| |
FFRDC = federally funded research and development center
NOTES: Article counts from set of journals covered by Science Citation Index (SCI) and Social Sciences Citation Index (SSCI). Articles classified by year they entered the database, rather than year of publication, and assigned to sector on basis of institutional address(es) listed on article. Articles on whole-count basis, i.e., each collaborating country or sector credited one count. Articles from joint or unknown sectors omitted. Detail may add to >100% because articles may have authors from more than two sectors.
SOURCES: Thomson Scientific, SCI and SSCI, http://scientific.thomson.com/products/categories/citation/; ipIQ, Inc.; and National Science Foundation, Division of Science Resources Statistics, special tabulations. See appendix table 5-37. Science and Engineering Indicators 2008 |
|
Source Data