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1. Invisible Divide: Farm Workers and Telephone Accessibility. (EJ674193)
Author(s):
Grieshop, James I.; Delgadillo, Viviana; Flores, Nicolas; Ramirez, Debora
Source:
Journal of Applied Communications, v87 n1 p27-38 2003
Pub Date:
2003-00-00
Pub Type(s):
Journal Articles; Reports - Research
Peer-Reviewed:
N/A
Descriptors: Farm Labor; Farmers; Telephone Communications Systems
Abstract: A survey of California farm workers (n=34), former farm workers (n=7), vendors of telephone technology (n=13), and farm camp managers (n=5) revealed a pattern of low access to and availability of telephones and problems in the use of prepaid telephone cards. Results show that farm worker communities are largely forgotten in discussions of the digital divide. (Contains 23 references.) (JOW)
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2. Journal of the Plague Year. (EJ674154)
Risman, Ann
Adults Learning (England), v15 n1 p7-9 Sep 2003
Journal Articles; Reports - Descriptive
Descriptors: Adult Education; Communicable Diseases; Computer Literacy; Computer Networks; Farmers; Foreign Countries; Information Needs
Abstract: During an epidemic of cattle disease, British farmers' needs for information and communication were served by the establishment of a network that enabled farmers to borrow computers, receive training, and access the Internet. The program served 1,675 farmers, who were largely older learners without computer experience. (SK)
3. The Somewhat Flawed Theoretical Foundation of the Extension Service. (EJ674073)
Stephenson, Garry
Journal of Extension, v41 n4 Aug 2003
Journal Articles
Descriptors: Diffusion (Communication); Extension Education; Farmers; Innovation; Outreach Programs; Socioeconomic Status; Theories
Abstract: Innovation diffusion theory, the basis of Extension agriculture outreach, has been criticized for favoring wealthy farmers and increasing economic inequities. The field has not kept pace with developments in the theory. Ways to improve include tailoring communications to all categories of farmers, encouraging use of appropriate technology, focusing on harder-to-reach audiences, and reassessing extension's constituency. (Contains 33 references.) (SK) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract
4. Experiential Learning, Self-Beliefs and Adult Performance in Senegal. (EJ670822)
Ndoye, Abdou
International Journal of Lifelong Education, v22 n4 p353-66 Jul-Aug 2003
Descriptors: Beliefs; Cultural Influences; Experiential Learning; Farmers; Foreign Countries; Job Performance; Productivity; Social Environment
Abstract: Productivity-related experiential learning practices of 96 Senegalese farmers were investigated. The high-productivity group (n=51) used collegial discussion (29.4%) and trial and error (27.4%); low-productivity farmers used trial and error (28.8%) and observation (24.4%). Experiential learning appeared to be rooted in the culture and values of the social environment. (Contains 29 references.) (SK) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract
5. Swept Away: Chronic Hardship and Fresh Promise on the Rural Great Plains. A Socio-Economic Study of the Rural Great Plains. (ED479181)
Bailey, Jon M.; Preston, Kim
2003-06-00
Opinion Papers; Reports - Research
Descriptors: Employment Patterns; Entrepreneurship; Farmers; Incentives; Income; Population Trends; Poverty; Public Policy; Regional Characteristics; Regional Cooperation; Rural Areas; Rural Development; Rural Population; Rural Urban Differences; Technical Assistance
Abstract: In the six-state region of Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Nebraska, North Dakota, and South Dakota, 182 counties have been identified as having an agriculturally based economy. Characteristics of these counties have been identified using data from the U.S. Census and the U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis. Agriculturally based counties have lost population, whereas the region overall has gained population. Poverty is greater and more widespread in agriculturally based counties than in metropolitan counties. Residents of agriculturally based counties have significantly lower income and earnings compared to metropolitan counties and have a significant dependence on unearned income. Agriculturally based counties are extraordinarily entrepreneurial in character. A number of policy recommendations are made. States' development policies for rural and agriculturally based communities should be based on cooperation instead of competition. There should be increased support for family-scale farming and ranching that provides food directly to consumers. Federal and state initiatives should cultivate a new generation of farmers through incentives that provide access to agricultural assets. States should support programs that provide lending capital and technical assistance to microenterprises and small businesses. Conservation and community development programs should be integrated. Incentives to private investment in agriculturally based communities should be provided. Federal rural development policy should be regionally based rather than nationally based. Economic development of agriculturally based communities must be accompanied by the building of human and organizational resources. Poverty, income, and job growth are profiled for farm and nonfarm counties in each of the six states. (TD) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract
ERIC Full Text (1464K)
6. Sending Farmers Back to School: The Impact of Farmer Field Schools in Indonesia. World Bank Policy Research Working Paper. (ED478129)
Feder, Gershon; Murgai, Rinku; Quizon, Jaime B.
2003-04-00
Reports - Evaluative
Descriptors: Adult Farmer Education; Agricultural Production; Agriculture; Behavior Change; Curriculum Development; Farmers; Foreign Countries; Information Dissemination; Information Transfer; Information Utilization; Outcomes of Education; Pesticides; Pests; Program Effectiveness; Program Evaluation; Rural Extension; Student Participation; Technology Transfer; Theory Practice Relationship; Transfer of Training
Abstract: A study evaluated the impact of Farmer Field Schools in Indonesia, an intensive participatory training program emphasizing integrated pest management. Focus was on whether program participation improved yields and reduced pesticide use among graduates and neighbors who gained knowledge through informal communications. It used a modified "difference-in-differences" approach to evaluate program impacts with a panel household survey. Data were from 1991-99 on field school graduates and other farmers. Analysis indicated the program did not have significant impacts on performance of graduates and neighbors. Plausible explanations were the following: (1) even if graduates gained knowledge that could over time be reflected in improved performance, change was small and could not be detected; (2) gains that could be achieved through training may have been small to begin with and may have been offset by systemic factors (soil fertility, increased plant diseases, and climate trends) causing yield declines; (3) knowledge gained was complex; and (4) the quality of knowledge achieved may have been affected by untimely transfers of funds. Recommended improvements were to focus training on highest priority topics; simplify presentation to increase the likelihood and speed of diffusion of new knowledge; and shorten training length by narrowing and prioritizing the curriculum. (Appendixes include 38 references, econometrics appendix, and 17 endnotes.) (YLB) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract
ERIC Full Text (528K)
7. Measuring the Impact on Farmers of Agricultural Radio and Television Programs in Southwest Nigeria. (EJ669205)
Yahaya, Mohammed Kuta; Badiru, Olabode Idris
Journal of Applied Communications, v86 n3 p24-36 2002
2002-00-00
Descriptors: Agricultural Production; Communications; Farmers; Foreign Countries; Program Effectiveness; Radio; Television
Abstract: A survey examined the effectiveness of two long-running Nigerian agricultural programs on television and radio as perceived by 198 farmers. Results indicate a positive assessment of their value for improving agricultural production. Although more listen to the radio, the television program also received high marks. (Contains 17 references.) (JOW)
8. Innovation and Teaching in Agriculture. (EJ655024)
Nieuwenhuis, Loek F. M.
Journal of European Industrial Training, v26 n6 p283-91 2002
Descriptors: Agriculture; Diffusion (Communication); Entrepreneurship; Farmers; Foreign Countries; Informal Education; Innovation; Lifelong Learning; Networks; Public Policy
Abstract: Two case studies were conducted: (1) linear innovation through technology diffusion in Dutch agriculture and (2) knowledge sources and learning processes of Dutch farmer- entrepreneurs. Learning and innovation were central to entrepreneurship. Innovative learning involved balancing the chaos of uncertainty and the status quo of experience. (Contains 23 references.) (SK)
9. Art Appreciation, Farming, Measurement, Reading & Phonics, Renaissance: Daily Life, Sound & Light. (EJ649235)
Web Feet, Apr 2002
Journal Articles; Reference Materials - Bibliographies
Descriptors: Acoustics; Annotated Bibliographies; Art Appreciation; Elementary Secondary Education; Farmers; Instructional Program Divisions; Light; Measurement Techniques; Resource Materials; World Wide Web
Abstract: This annotated subject guide to Web sites for grades K-8 focuses on art appreciation, farming, measurement, reading and phonics, renaissance daily life, sound and light, and calendar connections for June observances. Specific grade levels are indicated for each annotation. (LRW)
10. Rural Youth and Risk Society: Future Perceptions and Life Chances of Teenage Girls on South African Farms. (EJ648327)
Kritzinger, Andrienetta
Youth & Society, v33 n4 p545-72 Jun 2002
Descriptors: Adolescents; Farmers; Females; Foreign Countries; Rural Areas; Social Influences
Abstract: Conducted focus group interviews to explore South African teenage girls' views on and experiences of farm life and to examine their future expectations and life chances. Respondents tended to reject farm life and foresee a future far removed from their working class background. Social divisions and structural location continued to influence their individual life chances. (SM)
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