Bibliographic Citation
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Title | Effect of chemical treatments on the degradability of cotton straw by rumen microorganisms and by fungal cellulase |
Creator/Author | Miron, J. ; Ben-Ghedalia, D. |
Publication Date | 1981 Dec 01 |
OSTI Identifier | OSTI ID: 5095073 |
Other Number(s) | CODEN: BIBIA |
Resource Type | Journal Article |
Resource Relation | Biotechnol. Bioeng. ; Vol/Issue: 23:12 |
Research Org | Agric. Research Organization, The Volcani Center, P.O. Box 6, Bet Dagan, Israel |
Subject | 140504 -- Solar Energy Conversion-- Biomass Production & Conversion-- (-1989) ;550700 -- Microbiology; ;COTTON-- ALKALINE HYDROLYSIS;COTTON-- ENZYMATIC HYDROLYSIS;COTTON-- OXIDATION;STRAW-- ALKALINE HYDROLYSIS;STRAW-- ENZYMATIC HYDROLYSIS;STRAW-- OXIDATION; BIODEGRADATION;CELLULASE;CELLULOSE;HEMICELLULOSE;IN VITRO;LIGNIN;OZONE;RUMINANTS;SACCHARIFICATION;SODIUM HYDROXIDES;STOMACH;SULFUR DIOXIDE;TRICHODERMA VIRIDE |
Related Subject | ALKALI METAL COMPOUNDS;ANIMALS;BODY;CARBOHYDRATES;CHALCOGENIDES;CHEMICAL REACTIONS;DECOMPOSITION;DIGESTIVE SYSTEM;ENZYMES;FUNGI;GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT;GLYCOSYL HYDROLASES;HYDROGEN COMPOUNDS;HYDROLASES;HYDROLYSIS;HYDROXIDES;LYSIS;MAMMALS;O-GLYCOSYL HYDROLASES;ORGANIC COMPOUNDS;ORGANS;OXIDES;OXYGEN COMPOUNDS;PLANTS;POLYSACCHARIDES;SACCHARIDES;SODIUM COMPOUNDS;SOLVOLYSIS;SULFUR COMPOUNDS;SULFUR OXIDES;TRICHODERMA;VERTEBRATES |
Description/Abstract | Three different chemical treatments-sulfur dioxide, ozone, and sodium hydroxide-were applied on cotton straw, and the effect on cell-wall degradability was assessed by using rumen microorganisms and Trichoderma reesei cellulase.^Sulfur dioxide (applied at 70 degrees Celcius for 72 hours) did not change the lignin content of cotton straw but reduced the concentration of hemicellulose by 48%.^Ozone exerted a dual effect, both on lignin (a 40% reduction) and hemicellulose (a 54% decrease).^The treatment with NaOH did not solubilize cell-wall components.^The in vitro organic matter digestibility with rumen fluid of cotton straw was increased significantly by ozone and SO/sub 2/ treatments, by 120% and 50%, respectively, but not by NaOH.^T. reesei cellulase was applied on the chemically pretreated cotton straw at a low level (6 filter paper U/g straw, organic matter).^The highest level of reducing sugars (30.6 g/100 g organic matter) was obtained with the O/sub 3/-cellulase combination, which solubilized 64% of the cellulose and 88% of the hemicellulose.^The SO/sub 2/- and the NaOH-pretreated cotton straw were hydrolyzed by T. reesei cellulase to the same extent.^The rumen fluid digestibility of the enzymatically hydrolyzed straw was not increased over that obtained with the chemical pretreatments.^However, the fermentability of the combined treatments was increased markedly.^In the O/sub 3/-cellulase-treated cotton straw, 83% of the rumen fluid digestible material consisted of highly fermentable components.^Although ozone proved to be the most potent pretreatment for enzymic saccharification, the absolute result was modest.^The limited effect of the combined O/sub 3/-cellulase treatment was probably associated with the pretreatment limitations, but not with the enzyme level.^A hypothesis has been suggested as to the location of lignin and hemicellulose in the cell-wall unit of cotton straw.^(Refs.^18). |
Country of Publication | United States |
Language | English |
Format | Pages: 2863-2873 |
System Entry Date | 2001 May 13 |
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