008 - Maps (NR)
MARC 21 Bibliographic - Full
October 2003
Indicators and Subfield CodesField has no indicators or subfield codes; the data elements are positionally
defined.
Character Positions
18-21 - Relief (006/01-04)
# - No relief shown a - Contours b - Shading c - Gradient and bathymetric tints d - Hachures e - Bathymetry/soundings f - Form lines g - Spot heights i - Pictorially j - Land forms k - Bathymetry/isolines m - Rock drawings z - Other |||| - No attempt to code
22-23 - Projection (006/05-06)
## - Projection not specified aa - Aitoff ab - Gnomic ac - Lambert's azimuthal equal area ad - Orthographic ae - Azimuthal equidistant af - Stereographic ag - General vertical near-sided am - Modified stereographic for Alaska an - Chamberlin trimetric ap - Polar stereographic au - Azimuthal, specific type unknown az - Azimuthal, other ba - Gall bb - Goode's homolographic bc - Lambert's cylindrical equal area bd - Mercator be - Miller bf - Mollweide bg - Sinusoidal bh - Transverse Mercator bi - Gauss-Kruger bj - Equirectangular bo - Oblique Mercator br - Robinson bs - Space oblique Mercator bu - Cylindrical, specific type unknown bz - Cylindrical, other ca - Alber's equal area cb - Bonne cc - Lambert's conformal conic ce - Equidistant conic cp - Polyconic cu - Conic, specific type unknown cz - Conic, other da - Armadillo db - Butterfly dc - Eckert dd - Goode's homolosine de - Miller's bipolar oblique conformal conic df - Van Der Grinten dg - Dimaxion dh - Cordiform dl - Lambert conformal zz - Other || - No attempt to code
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24 - Undefined (006/07)
# - Undefined
25 - Type of cartographic material (006/08)
a - Single map
b - Map series
c - Map serial
d - Globe
e - Atlas
f - Separate supplement to another work
g - Bound as part of another work
u - Unknown
z - Other
| - No attempt to code
26-27 - Undefined (006/09-10)
# - Undefined
28 - Government publication (006/11)
# - Not a government publication a - Autonomous or semi-autonomous component c - Multilocal f - Federal/national i - International intergovernmental l - Local m - Multistate o - Government publication-level undetermined s - State, provincial, territorial, dependent, etc. u - Unknown if item is government publication z - Other | - No attempt to code
29 - Form of item (006/12)
# - None of the following a - Microfilm b - Microfiche c - Microopaque d - Large print f - Braille r - Regular print reproduction s - Electronic | - No attempt to code
30 - Undefined (006/13)
# - Undefined
31 - Index (006/14)
0 - No index 1 - Index present | - No attempt to code
32 - Undefined (006/15)
# - Undefined
33-34 - Special format characteristics (006/16-17)
# - No specified special format characteristics e - Manuscript j - Picture card, post card k - Calendar l - Puzzle n - Game o - Wall map p - Playing cards r - Loose-leaf z - Other || - No attempt to code |
CHARACTER POSITION DEFINITION AND SCOPE
Maps definition of field 008/18-34 is used when Leader/06 (Type of
record) contains code e (Cartographic material) or f (Manuscript cartographic material).
Field 008 positions 01-17 and 35-39 are defined the same in all 008 fields and are
described in the 008-All materials section.
Field 008/18-34 character positions are equivalent to those in field 006/01-17 when
field 006/00 (Form of material) contains code e (Cartographic material) or f (Manuscript
cartographic material). Details about specific codes defined for the equivalent
character positions in field 006 and 008 for maps are provided in the
Guidelines for Applying Content Designators section of 008-Maps
only.
GUIDELINES FOR APPLYING CONTENT DESIGNATORS
■ CHARACTER POSITIONS
18-21 - Relief (006/01-04) Up to four one-character alphabetic codes that indicate the relief type specified
on the item. Codes are recorded in order of their importance to the described
item. If fewer than four codes are assigned, the codes are left justified and each
unused position contains a blank (#).
Codes used in this field indicate only the relief forms most commonly found on
maps and are usually derived from information given in field 500 (General Note).
If more than four codes are appropriate to an item, only the four most important
are recorded.
# - No relief shown
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008/18-21 |
#### [No note field] |
a - Contours Relief shown by contours.
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008/18-21 |
ae## |
500 |
##$aRelief shown by contours. Depths shown by
soundings.
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b - Shading Relief shown by shading (generally of a single color).
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008/18-21 |
b### |
500 |
##$aRelief shown by shading. |
c - Gradient and bathymetric tints Relief shown by gradient or bathymetric tints.
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008/18-21 |
c### |
500 |
##$aRelief shown by gradient tints. |
d - Hachures Relief shown by hachures (short lines which follow the direction of maximum
slope).
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008/18-21 |
dg## |
500 |
##$aRelief shown by hachures and spot
heights.
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e - Bathymetry/soundings Underwater relief (depth) shown by soundings or spot depths.
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008/18-21 |
e### |
500 |
##$aDepths shown by soundings. |
f - Form lines Relief shown by form lines.
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008/18-21 |
f### |
500 |
##$aRelief shown by form lines. |
g - Spot heights Relief shown by spot heights.
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008/18-21 |
g### |
500 |
##$aRelief shown by spot heights. |
i - Pictorially Land forms and other topographic features shown in the correct planimetric
position by pictorial symbols representing their appearance from a high oblique
view.
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008/18-21 |
i### |
500 |
##$aRelief shown pictorially. |
j - Land forms Relief shown by land forms.
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008/18-21 |
jg## |
500 |
##$aRelief shown by land forms, and spot
heights.
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k - Bathymetry/isolines Underwater relief (depth) shown by isolines (lines that represent constant
depths).
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008/18-21 |
kb## |
500 |
##$aDepths shown by isolines. Relief shown by
shading.
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m - Rock drawings Relief rock drawing.
z - Other None of the other defined codes are appropriate.
|||| - No attempt to code
22-23 - Projection (006/05-06) Two-character alphabetic code that indicates the projection used in producing the
item.
Specifically named projections are not described in this document. The presence of
the name of the projection identifies the appropriate code for 008/22-23.
Cartographic reference sources may be consulted for a more detailed explanation of
specific projections.
## - Projection not specified Used for most globes.
aa - Aitoff
ab - Gnomic
ac - Lambert's azimuthal equal area
ad - Orthographic
ae - Azimuthal equidistant
af - Stereographic
ag - General vertical near-sided
am - Modified stereographic for Alaska
an - Chamberlin trimetric
ap - Polar stereographic
au - Azimuthal, specific type unknown Only the projection type (azimuthal) is known, not the specific projection.
az - Azimuthal, other Azimuthal projection for which none of the other defined codes are
appropriate.
ba - Gall
bb - Goode's homolographic
bc - Lambert's cylindrical equal area
bd - Mercator
be - Miller
bf - Mollweide
bg - Sinusoidal
bh - Transverse Mercator
bi - Gauss-Kruger
bj - Equirectangular
bo - Oblique Mercator
br - Robinson
bs - Space oblique Mercator
bu - Cylindrical, specific type unknown Only the projection type (cylindrical) is known, not the specific
projection.
bz - Cylindrical, other Cylindrical projection for which none of the other defined codes are
appropriate.
ca - Alber's equal area
cb - Bonne
cc - Lambert's conformal conic
ce - Equidistant conic
cp - Polyconic
cu - Conic, specific type unknown Only the projection type (conic) is known, not the specific projection.
cz - Conic, other Conic projection for which none of the other defined codes are appropriate.
da - Armadillo
db - Butterfly
dc - Eckert
dd - Goode's homolosine
de - Miller's bipolar oblique conformal conic
df - Van Der Grinten
dg - Dimaxion
dh - Cordiform
dl - Lambert conformal
zz - Other None of the other defined codes are appropriate.
|| - No attempt to code
24 - Undefined (006/07)
Undefined; contains a blank (#) or a fill character (|).
25 - Type of cartographic material (006/08) One-character alphabetic code that indicates the type of cartographic item
described.
a - Single map
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008/25 |
a |
300 |
##$a1 map :$bcol. ;$c10 x 40 cm. |
b - Map series Number of related but physically separate and bibliographically distinct
cartographic units intended by the producer(s) or issuing body(s) to form a
single group.
Not used for atlas series.
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008/25 |
b |
300 |
##$a50 maps :$b2 col. ;$c40 x 25 cm. |
c - Map serial Issued in successive parts bearing numerical or chronological designations and
intended to be continued indefinitely.
For serially issued atlases, code e (Atlas) is used.
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008/25 |
c |
300 |
##$amaps :$bcol. ;$c20 x 60 cm., on sheets 25 x 65 cm. [Three spaces in subfield $a given for an incomplete
set.] |
315 |
##$aQuarterly. |
d - Globe
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008/25 |
d |
300 |
##$a1 globe :$bcol., plastic, mounted on metal stand ;$c70 cm. in diam. |
e - Atlas Includes atlas series, and serially issued atlases.
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008/25 |
e |
300 |
##$a1 atlas (288 p.) :$bchiefly col. maps ;$c38 cm. |
f - Separate supplement to another work Other work being supplemented does not have to be cartographic material.
g - Bound as part of another work Other work included does not have to be cartographic material.
u - Unknown
z - Other None of the other defined codes are appropriate.
| - No attempt to code
26-27 - Undefined (006/09-10)
Undefined; each contains a blank (#) or a fill character (|).
28 - Government publication (006/11) One-character alphabetic code that indicates whether the item is published or
produced by or for an international, national, provincial, state, or local
government agency, or by any subdivision of such a body, and, if so, the
jurisdictional level of the agency.
Government bodies and all their subdivisions are treated as government bodies
regardless of how they may be entered as headings (i.e., entered under
jurisdiction or not). In the bibliographic record, the body does not have to be a
main or added entry, but it should be named as publisher, etc. in the publication,
distribution, etc. area, or have caused the item to be published (usually inferred
when the governmental body is responsible for the content of the work). When in
doubt, treat the item as a government publication.
Guidelines for certain types of publications
- Socialist countries- Since the coding of all items published
in socialist countries as government publications would limit the usefulness of
this element, coding should be used only for the same type of bodies that would
be considered government in a non-socialist country. In coding items in this
manner, when in doubt, treat the item as a government publication.
- Two levels- If an item is published or produced jointly by
government agencies at two different levels, record the code for the higher
government level.
- Academic publications- In the U.S., items published by
academic institutions are considered government publications if the
institutions are created or controlled by a government.
- University presses- In the U.S., items published by university
presses are considered government publications if the presses are created or
controlled by a government (e.g., state university presses in the United
States).
# - Not a government publication Not published by or for a government body.
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008/28 |
# |
110 |
2#$aRand McNally. |
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008/28 |
# |
260 |
##$aNew York :$bMacmillan,$c1983. |
a - Autonomous or semi-autonomous component Published or produced by or for a government body of an autonomous or
semi-autonomous component of a country.
c - Multilocal Published or produced by or for a multilocal jurisdiction which is defined as a
regional combination of jurisdictions below the state level.
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008/28 |
c |
110 |
2#$aHouston Independent School District. |
f - Federal/national Published or produced by or for a federal or national government body, e.g., a
sovereign nation, such as Canada. Used for the governments of England, Wales,
Scotland, and Northern Ireland. Also used for American Indian tribes.
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008/28 |
f |
110 |
2#$aServicio Geológico Nacional
(Argentina)
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i - International intergovernmental Published or produced by or for an international intergovernmental body.
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008/28 |
i |
110 |
2#$aWorld Health Organization. |
l - Local Published or produced by or for a local government jurisdiction such as a
county, city, town, etc.
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008/28 |
l |
110 |
1#$aKippenheim (Germany) |
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008/28 |
l |
110 |
1#$aDistrict of Columbia. |
m - Multistate Published or produced by or for a regional combination of jurisdictions at the
state, provincial, territorial, etc., level.
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008/28 |
m |
110 |
2#$aLake Erie Regional Transportation
Authority.
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o - Government publication-level undetermined Published or produced by or for a government body but that the jurisdictional
level cannot be determined.
s - State, provincial, territorial, dependent, etc. Jurisdictional level of the government body is a state, province, territory,
etc.
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008/28 |
s |
110 |
1#$aWyoming.$bAir Resources Council. |
u - Unknown if item is government publication Whether or not the item is published or produced by or for a government agency
is unknown.
z - Other None of the other defined codes are appropriate.
| - No attempt to code
29 - Form of item (006/12) One-character alphabetic code that indicates the form of material for the
item.
# - None of the following Not specified by one of the other codes.
a - Microfilm
b - Microfiche
c - Microopaque
d - Large print
f - Braille
r - Regular print reproduction Eye-readable print, such as a photocopy.
s - Electronic Intended for manipulation by a computer. May reside in a carrier accessed
either directly or remotely, in some cases requiring the use of peripheral
devices attached to the computer (e.g., a CD-ROM player). Not used for items
that do not require the use of a computer (e.g., music compact discs,
videodiscs).
| - No attempt to code
30 - Undefined (006/13)
Undefined; contains a blank (#) or a fill character (|).
31 - Index (006/14) One-character numeric code that indicates whether the item or accompanying
material includes a location index or gazetteer.
Information for this data element is derived from mention of an index or gazetteer
in other parts of the bibliographic record (e.g., in the title or in a note). A
map index to adjoining sheets is not considered an index when coding this
position. This data element refers only to gazetteers, place name indexes, etc.
Graphic indexes such as index maps are not coded.
0 - No index Does not include an index or gazetteer to its own contents.
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008/31 |
0 [No indication of index or gazetteer in bibliographic data] |
1 - Index present Includes an index or gazetteer to its own contents.
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008/31 |
1 |
500 |
##$aIndex to points of interest on
verso.
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008/31 |
1 |
500 |
##$aIncludes gazetteer and glossary. |
| - No attempt to code
32 - Undefined (006/15)
Undefined; contains a blank (#) or a fill character (|).
33-34 - Special format characteristics (006/16-17)
Up to two one-character alphabetic codes that indicate the special format
characteristics of the map. Codes are recorded in order of their importance to the
described item. If only one code is assigned, it is left justified and the unused
position contains a blank (#).
If more than two characteristics are appropriate to an item, only the two most
important are recorded.
# - No specified special format characteristics
e - Manuscript Drawn or fashioned by hand.
j - Picture card, post card
k - Calendar
l - Puzzle Image may be disassembled into pieces and reassembled.
n - Game Intended to be used as or is part of a game.
o - Wall map
p - Playing cards
r - Loose-leaf Separate leaves intended to be stored in a binder or case. Loose-leaf items are
often meant to be updated.
z - Other None of the other defined codes are appropriate.
|| - No attempt to code
INPUT CONVENTIONS
Capitalization - Alphabetic codes are input in lowercase.
Field length - Field 008 should always consist of forty (40) character positions.
CONTENT DESIGNATOR HISTORY
008/18-21 - Relief
e - Bathymetry/soundings [REDEFINED, 1980]
k - Bathymetry/isolines [NEW, 1980]
h - Color [OBSOLETE, 1980]
Prior to the definition of code k and the redefinition of code e, both
soundings and isolines were identified by code e (Bathymetry). Code
h was made obsolete in favor of the use of code c (Gradient and bathymetric tints) to
record coloration.
008/24 - Prime meridian [OBSOLETE, 1997] [USMARC only]Defined codes were: # (Not specified), e (Greenwich), f (Ferro), g (Paris), p
(Philadelphia), w (Washington, D.C.), and z (Other).
008/24-25 - Prime meridian [OBSOLETE, 1997] [CAN/MARC only]Prior to 1997, this position was used to indicate the prime meridian that was named
on a map. Defined codes were:
aa |
Greenwich, England |
ab |
Ferro, Canary Is. |
ac |
Paris, France |
ad |
Amsterdam, Neth. |
ae |
Athens, Greece |
af |
Batavia, (Djakarta) Indonesia |
ag |
Berne, Switzerland |
ah |
Bogota, Columbia |
ai |
Bombay, India |
aj |
Brussels, Belgium |
ak |
Cadiz, Spain |
al |
Capetown, S.A. |
am |
Caracas, Venezuela |
an |
Copenhagen, Denmark |
ao |
Cordoba, Argentina |
ap |
Helsinki, Finland |
aq |
Julianehaab, Greenland |
ar |
Lisbon, Portugal |
as |
Madras, India |
at |
Madrid, Spain |
ba |
Mexico City, Mex. |
bb |
Munich, Germany |
bc |
Naples, Italy |
bd |
Oslo (Christiana), Norway |
be |
Philadelphia, Pa. |
bf |
Pulkovo (St. Petersburg), Russia |
bg |
Rio de Janeiro, Brazil |
bh |
Rome, Italy |
bi |
Santiago, Chile |
bj |
Stockholm, Sweden |
bk |
Sydney, Aust. |
bl |
Tirana, Albania |
bm |
Tokyo, Japan |
bn |
Washington, D.C. |
bo |
London, England |
bp |
Moscow, Russia |
bq |
Istanbul, Turkey |
br |
Peking, China |
uu |
Unknown |
zz |
Other |
008/25 - Type of cartographic material
e - Atlas [NEW, 1995]
Prior to the definition of code e (Atlas), atlases were treated as printed language
material. The field 008 configuration for books was used.
008/26-27 - Publisher code [OBSOLETE, 1980]Name of the publisher may be contained in subfield $b of field 260.
008/30 - Narrative text [OBSOLETE, 1997] [CAN/MARC only]Defined codes were: 0 (No text present), 1 (Text on cartographic item), 2 (Text
accompanies cartographic item).
008/31 - Index [CAN/MARC only]
2 - Index or gazetteer accompanies cartographic item [OBSOLETE, 1997] [CAN/MARC only]
008/32 - Citation indicator [OBSOLETE, 1980]Defined codes were: a (Bibliographic cartographique internationale), b
(American Revolution), h (Hummel purchases), r (Railroad), t (Treasure), v (Vellum),
w (Warner purchase), y (American Revolution and vellum), z (Treasure and B.C.I.), #
(Not applicable).
008/33-34 - Special format characteristics
a - Photocopy, blue line print [OBSOLETE, 1982]
b - Photocopy [OBSOLETE, 1982]
c - Negative photocopy [OBSOLETE, 1982]
d - Film negative [OBSOLETE, 1982]
f - Facsimile [OBSOLETE, 1982]
g - Relief model [OBSOLETE, 1982]
h - Rare [OBSOLETE, 1982]
m - Braille [OBSOLETE, 1998]
q - Large print [OBSOLETE, 1998]