Identification_Information: Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: U.S. Geological Survey, National Wetlands Research Center Publication_Date: 2001 Title: Interactive effects of climate change and fire on bird communities: GIS measurements Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: Digital tabular data Description: Abstract: This data set contains GIS measurements that were made from a 60m resolution landcover map of Big Bend National Park and the Trans-Pecos region of Texas. The map was created with LandSat TM5 data and was classified according to the five plant communities: grassland, shrubland, yucca-ocotillo shrub, riparain and montane forest. FRAGSTATS was used to measure 6 landscape variables for each of the 70 2-km radius sampling circles in Big Bend National Park. These variables included the percent cover of: grassland, shrubland, yucca-ocotillo shrub, riparian vegetation, montane forests and roads. Leaf area index measurements were also collected from 45 sites in the park to produce a leaf area index map for the study area. Leaf area index measurements are included in the data set as the mean leaf area index per site and as the average coefficient of variation of leaf area index per site. Purpose: To asses the interactive effects of climate change and fire on the capacity of the Trans-Pecos Region to support bird communities. Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Multiple_Dates/Times: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 19990314 Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 19990323 Currentness_Reference: Publication date Status: Progress: Complete Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned Spatial_Domain: Description_of_Geographic_Extent: Big Bend National Park and Trans-Pecos region of Texas. Bounding_Coordinates: West_Bounding_Coordinate: -105.1 East_Bounding_Coordinate: 102.16 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 31.5 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 28.52 Keywords: Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Theme_Keyword: climate change Theme_Keyword: fire Theme_Keyword: landcover Theme_Keyword: landscape Theme_Keyword: leaf area index Theme_Keyword: percent cover Theme_Keyword: GIS Theme_Keyword: geographic information systems Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Place_Keyword: Big Bend National Park Place_Keyword: Trans-Pecos Place_Keyword: Texas Place_Keyword: West Texas Place_Keyword: Chihuahuan Desert Temporal: Temporal_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Temporal_Keyword: late winter Access_Constraints: This data will be available for public use after it has been published in peer-reviewed, scientific outlets. Use_Constraints: Acknowledgement of the National Wetlands Research Center as a data source would be appreciated in products developed from these data. Users should be aware of that comparisons with other data sets for the same area from other time periods may be inaccurate due to differences in data collection procedures Point_of_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, National Wetlands Research Center Contact_Person: Wylie C. Barrow, Jr. Contact_Position: Wildlife Biologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and Physical Address: 700 Cajundome Blvd City: Lafayette State_or_Province: LA Postal_Code: 70506 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 337 266-8668 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 337 266-8592 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: wylie_barrow@usgs.gov Native_Data_Set_Environment: MS Excel 97, FRAGSTATS Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: U.S. Geological Survey, National Wetlands Research Center Publication_Date: 2001 Title: Interactive effects of climate change and fire on bird communities - Point count data Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: Digital database Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: U.S. Geological Survey, National Wetlands Research Center Publication_Date: 2001 Title: Interactive effects of climate change and fire on bird communities - landcover map Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: digital raster data Analytical_Tool: Analytical_Tool_Description: The LAI-2000 calculates Lead Area Index (LAI) and other canopy structure attributes from radiation measurements made from a fish-eye optical sensor. Tool_Access_Information: Tool_Access_Instructions: See website for instructions Online_Linkage: http://www.eurosep.com/Dep_biolog/bvam61.htm Tool_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: Eurosep Instruments Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and Physical Address: 47 avenue den Genottes, BP 8233 Cergy St. Christophe City: F-95801 Pontoise Cedex Country: France Contact_Voice_Telephone: 33 01 34 22 95 22 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 33 01 34 22 95 32 Data_Quality_Information: Attribute_Accuracy: Attribute_Accuracy_Report: All data entry was doubled checked for potential errors. Logical_Consistency_Report: FRAGSTATS was used to measure 6 of 8 landscape variables. The grid size for the files was set to 60 based on the 60m resolution of the map. The background values were set to -9999, ArcView's no data value. The maximum number of patch types was set to 6. Data was transferred from FRAGSTATS to Excel. The data transfer was checked for errors. Leaf area index was measured by following standard procedures. Completeness_Report: There are no known ommissions in the dataset. Lineage: Methodology: Methodology_Type: Field Methodology_Description: In this study, LAI was measured with the LAI-2000 at 45 locations in the Big Bend National Park. In March, 2000, 30 of the 45 sites were measured. At each site, two 30-m transects were established in north-south and east-west directions with the midpoint of each transect on the site marker. The LAI-2000 was set to measure an initial above canopy reading, measured at the beginning of each transect (either south or west), followed by 8 measurements along the transect collected approximately every 1.8m towards plot center. A second above canopy reading was collected at plot center, followed by 8 readings for the remainder of the transect. The same process was repeated for the second transect. As a result, two files were produced per plot from which the transect average LAI was created. All measurements were taken with the 45 degree cap of the LAI-2000 optic to reduce the effect of close plant materials on the measured LAI value. All data was downloaded to a PC at the end of the day and inspected for overall quality. Above canopy readings were especially scrutinized (as they provide the reference radiance value from which LAI is derived). The two above canopy readings collected from each transect were compared visually for anomalies. No anomalies were found in all the data collected. The LAI-2000 data was post-processed using software provided by the LAI-2000 vendor. This software is used to correct field calculated LAI values, especially, where gaps occur in the canopy. The software forces calculation of an LAI for each transect when an individual point measurement transmittance is equal to 1.0. This is necessary as the desert canopies are widely distributed with many gaps. The functional LAI, as detected by satellite, includes these gaps, therefore, they must be included for comparison. Transect average LAI values were derived for both north and east transects and imported into a MS Excel spreadsheet. A plot average LAI was then calculated by multiplying the LAI values by 1.6, a factor that accounts for self-shading in the LAI-2000 data. Process_Step: Process_Description: Measurements were made from a 60m resolution landcover map of Big Bend National Park and the adjacent Trans-Pecos region. The map was created from LandSat TM5 data and was classified into five vegetation classes: grassland, shrubland, yucca-ocotillo shrub, riparian and montane forest. FRAGSTATS was used to measure 6 landscape variables from 70 2km radius sampling circles located throughout Big Bend National Park. The variables are in percent cover. Data was transferred from FRAGSTATS to MS Excel. The data transfer was checked for errors Process_Date: 2000 Entity_and_Attribute_Information: Overview_Description: Entity_and_Attribute_Overview: The data set contains 8 landscape variables measured for each of 70 2km radius sampling circles. These variables are mean leaf area index, mean coefficient of variation of leaf area index, percent of grassland, percent cover of shrubland, percent cover of yucca-ocotillo shrub, percent cover of riparian vegetation, percent cover of montane forest, and percent cover of roads. Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: Project defined Metadata_Reference_Information: Metadata_Date: 20011214 Metadata_Review_Date: 20020205 Metadata_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Lori Randall Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, National Wetlands Research Center Contact_Position: Biologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical Address: 700 Cajundome Blvd City: Lafayette State_or_Province: LA Postal_Code: 70506 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 337 266-8665 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 337 266-8592 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: lori_randall@usgs.gov Metadata_Standard_Name: Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998 Metadata_Extensions: Profile_Name: Biological Data Profile of Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata Online_Linkage: http://www.fgdc.gov/standards/status/sub5_2.html Metadata_Access_Constraints: None Metadata_Use_Constraints: Acknowledgement of the National Wetlands Research Center as the metadata source would be appreciated. Please cite the original metadata when using portions to created another record for slightly altered data, such as reprojection.