Testing Status of Agents at NTP
Executive Summary 2-chloropyridine: Table 1
| Table 1. Summary of Information on 2-Chloropyridine and Structurally Related Compounds | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Chemical Name | Carcinogenicity Data | Mutagenicity Data | Other Data |
| 2-Chloropyridine
[109-09-1]
| positive in S. typhimurium strains TA97, TA98, TA100, and TA102 with but not without metabolic activation. However, mutagenicity was completely suppressed by preincubation for 10, 20, or 30 minutes with S9; partially or totally suppressed by glutathione, the OH- scavengers, mannitol and thiourea, and 2-chloropyridine N-oxide; not suppressed by catalase, superoxide dismutase, or hydroquinone (Claxton et al., 1987; Chlopkiewicz et al., 1993)
induced mitotic aneuploidy in S. cerevisiae (Zimmerman et al., 1986) negative for chromosomal aberrations in V3 cells when tested alone but positive in combination with pyridine N-oxide (Anuszewska & Koziorowska, 1995) | ||
| 3-Chloropyridine
[626-60-8]
| negative in S. typhimurium strains TA98, TA100, TA97, and TA102 at doses up to 5,000 mg/plate with or without metabolic activation (Claxton et al., 1987)
negative in S. typhimurium strains TA98, TA100, TA1535, TA1537, and TA1538 at doses up to 5 mg/plate (Simmon et al., 1977) positive for chromosomal aberrations in V3 cells; protective effect by pyridine N-oxide (Anuszewska & Koziorowska, 1995)
positive for gene mutations and chromosomal aberrations with and without metabolic activation in mouse lymphoma cells (Dearfield et al., 1993)
positive for micronuclei in mouse lymphoma cells (Dearfield et al., 1993) positive for gene mutation and chromosomal aberration induction with and without metabolic activation; positive for micronuclei induction without but not with metabolic activation (Dearfield et al., 1993) | ||
| Chlorobenzene
[108-90-7]
| following oral administration (gavage) of 60 or 120 mg/kg, 5 days/week for 103 weeks in F344/N rats and B6C3F1 mice, induced neoplastic nodules of the liver in male rats in the high dose group; no neoplastic changes observed in female rats and male and female mice (NTP, 1985)
categorized by EPA as a class D carcinogen (inadequate evidence of carcinogenicity in humans and animals) based on the results of the NTP study (ATSDR, 1990) | negative in in vitro bacterial and yeast assay systems with and without metabolic activation including in S. typhimurium at doses up to 333.3 mg/plate (ATSDR, 1990; NTP, 1985)
negative for DNA damage in E. coli (ATSDR, 1990)
weakly positive in an in vivo mouse bone marrow chromosomal aberration assay (Shelby et al., 1995)
induced DNA damage in peripheral lymphocytes but not bone marrow cells from C57BL/6 female mice (Vaghef & Hellman, 1995)
induced cell transformation in rat liver epithelial cells (ATSDR, 1990)
moderately positive in an in vivo micronuclear test in mice (ATSDR, 1990) negative in an in vivo mouse bone marrow micronucleus test (Shelby et al., 1995) | developmental effects (maternal toxicity but no structural malformations) in rats and rabbits following inhalation of vapors at concentrations up to 590 ppm during periods of major organogenesis (ATSDR, 1990)
no reproductive effects in a 2-generation study in rats administered up to 450 ppm (ATSDR, 1990) no teratogenic effects in rats gavaged with 100 or 300 mg/kg from days 6-15 of gestation (ATSDR, 1990) |
| 2-Chloroquinoline
[612-62-4]
| no tumors, hyperplastic changes, or other neoplastic changes in 15 (effective) rats fed 0.25% in diet for 40 weeks (Hirao et al., 1976) | negative in S. typhimurium strains TA98 and TA100 with and without metabolic activation (Nagao et al., 1977; Sideropoulos & Specht, 1984; Kamiya et al., 1990) | |
