s S F W

LOONS - GREBES

- Red-throated Loon (A) c c c

- Common Loon (A) c o c c

- Pied-billed Grebe (T,N) c o c u

- Horned Grebe (A) c o u c

- Red-necked Grebe (A) u u u

SHEARWATERS - STORM-PETRELS

- Cory's Shearwater (B,S) r r

- Greater Shearwater (B,S) r r

- Sooty Shearwater (B,S) r r

- Manx Shearwater (B,S) r r r

- Wilson's Storm-Petrel (B,S) r r

- Leach's Storm-Petrel (B) r

GANNET - PELICANS - CORMORANTS

- Northern Gannet (A) u o u u

- Great Cormorant (A) u u u

- Double-crested Cormorant (A) a c a u

BITTERNS - HERONS - IBISES

- American Bittern (B,N,T,S) u u u o

- Least Bittern (N,T,S) o o o

- Great Blue Heron (A) c u c u

- Great Egret (N,T,B) u u c o

- Snowy Egret (A) u c c

- Little Blue Heron (B,T,S,N) o o

- Cattle Egret (B,T,S) o o o

- Green Heron (A) c c c

- Black-crowned Night-Heron (A) u c c

- Yellow-crowned Night-Heron (B) u u o

- Glossy Ibis (B,T,S,N) u u u

SWANS - GEESE - DUCKS

- Tundra Swan (T,N) r r r

- Mute Swan (A) a a a c

- Snow Goose (A) o o o

- Brant (A) u u u

- Canada Goose (A) a c a a

- Wood Duck (B,T,N,P) u u u r

- Green-winged Teal (A) c u c u

- American Black Duck (A) c c c a

- Mallard (A) c c a c

- Northern Pintail (T) u u o

- Blue-winged Teal (A) c u u

s S F W

SWANS - GEESE - DUCKS (Cont.)

- Northern Shoveler (T,S,P) o o

- Gadwall (T,N) c u c u

- Eurasian Wigeon (T) r r r

- American Wigeon (T,S) c c u

- Canvasback (A) c o c o

- Redhead (A) u u o

- Ring-necked Duck (B,N,T,P) u u o

- Great Scaup (A) c o c c

- Lesser Scaup (A) o o o

- Common Eider (A) u u u

- King Eider (A) r r o

- Harlequin Duck (S) u u u

- Oldsquaw (A) o r o o

- Black Scoter (A) c o c c

- Surf Scoter (A) c o c c

- White-winged Scoter (A) c o c c

- Common Goldeneye (A) c c a

- Barrow's Goldeneye (T,S) r r

- Bufflehead (A) c c c

- Hooded Merganser (T,N) u u u

- Common Merganser (A) u o u

- Red-breasted Merganser (A) c o c c

- Ruddy Duck (T,B,P) u c u

VULTURES - HAWKS - FALCONS

- Turkey Vulture (A) o o o

- Osprey (B,T,N,P) u c c r

- Bald Eagle (A) r o r

- Northern Harrier (A) u u u o

- Sharp-shinned Hawk (A) u u o

- Cooper's Hawk (A) u u o

- Northern Goosehawk (A) r r r

- Red-shouldered Hawk (A) o o o

- Broad-winged Hawk (A) u u u

- Red-tailed Hawk (A) u u u u

- Rough-legged Hawk (A) u u u

- Golden Eagle (A) r r r

- American Kestrel (A) u c c o

- Merlin (A) u u o

- Peregrine Falcon (A) r r o

s S F W

GROUSE - QUAIL - TURKEY

- Ring- necked Pheasant (S,T,B) u u u u

- Ruffed Grouse (T,N) u u u u

- Northern Bobwhite (T,N) c c c u

RAILS - CRANES

- Clapper Rail (B,N) r r r r

- King Rail (T) r r r

- Virginia Rail (A) o u u r

- Sora (A) o o o

- Common Moorhen (T,S,P) o u u

- American Coot (T,P) c c o

PLOVERS - SANDPIPERS

- Black-bellied Plover (A) c u c u

- Lesser Golden-Plover (A) r r o

- Semipalmated Plover(A) a a u

- Piping Plover (B,T,N) o u o

- Killdeer (A) u u u o

- American Oystercatcher (T,B) u u o

- Greater Yellowlegs(A) c c u o

- Lesser Yellowlegs(A) c u u

- Solitary Sandpiper (A,) o o o

- Willet (A) r r

- Spotted Sandpiper (A) c u c

- Upland Sandpiper (A) r r r

- Whimbrel (A) o o

- Ruddy Turnstone (T,S,B,P) c u c

- Red Knot (A) o o r

- Sanderling (A) c u c c

- Semipalmated Sandpiper (A) a a u

- Western Sandpiper (A) o o

- Least Sandpiper (A) a a c

- White-rumped Sandpiper (A) o o u

- Baird's Sandpiper (A) o o

- Pectoral Sandpiper (A) u o o

- Purple Sandpiper (S) c o c

- Dunlin (A) c o c c

- Stilt Sandpiper (A) r o r

- Buff-breasted Sandpiper (A) r r

- Short-billed Dowitcher (A) c c u

- Long-billed Dowitcher (A) o o

- Common Snipe (A) u o u r

- American Woodcock (B,N,T) u u u r

- Wilson's Phalarope (A) r r

- Red-necked Phalarope (A) r r

- Red Phalarope (A) r r

JAEGERS - GULLS - TERNS - AUKS

- Pomarine Jaeger (S,B) r r

- Parasitic Jaeger (S,B) r r r

- Long-tailed Jaeger (S,B) r r

- Laughing Gull (A) o c u

- Common Black-headed Gull (A) o r o

- Bonaparte's Gull (A) u r u u

- Ring-billed Gull (A) c u c c

- Herring Gull (A) a a a a

- Iceland Gull (A) r r

- Lesser Black-backed Gull (B,S) r r r

- Glaucous Gull (A) r r r

- Great Black-backed Gull (A) a a a a

- Black-legged Kittiwake (A) o o o

- Gull-billed Tern (A) r r

- Caspian Tern (A) o o o

- Royal Tern (A) o o

- Roseate Tern (A) u u u

- Common Tern (A) u c u

- Forster's Tern (A) u u

- Least Tern (A) u c u

- Black Tern (A) r r r

- Black Skimmer (B,T,N) r

- Dovekie (S,B) r o r

- Thick-billed Murre (S,B) r r r

- Razorbill (S,B) r r r

DOVES - CUCKOOS - OWLS - SWIFTS -

HUMMINGBIRDS

- Rock Dove (A) o o o o

- Mourning Dove (A) c c c u

- Black-billed Cuckoo (A) u u u

- Yellow-billed Cuckoo (A) o o o

- Barn Owl (A) r r r r

- Eastern Screech-Owl (N,T,P) o o o o

- Great Horned Owl (N,T,P) o o o o

- Snowy Owl (A) o o o

- Barred Owl (T,N,P) o o o o

- Short-eared Owl (A) u u o

- Northern Saw-whet Owl (B,T,N) r r

- Common Nighthawk (B,N,T) r r r

s S F W

DOVES - OWLS - SWIFTS - HUMMINGBIRDS

- Whip-poor-will (N,T) u u u

- Chimney Swift (A) o o o

- Ruby-throat Hummingbird (A) o o o

- Belted Kingfisher (A) u c c u

WOODPECKERS - FLYCATCHERS

- Red-headed Woodpecker (B,T,N) r r

- Red-bellied Woodpecker (B,T,N) r r

- Yellow-bellied Sapsucker (B,T,N) o o r

- Downy Woodpecker (B,N,T, P) u u c u

- Hairy Woodpecker (N,T,P) u u u u

- Northern Flicker (A) c c c u

- Eastern Wood-Pewee (B,T,N) u o u

- Yellow-bellied Flycatcher (B,T,N) r r

- Alder Flycatcher (B,T,N) r r

- Willow Flycatcher (A) u u u

- Least Flycatcher (B,N,T,P) r r r

- Eastern Phoebe (A) u u c o

- Great Crested Flycatcher (A) o o o

- Eastern Kingbird (A) u c u o

LARKS - SWALLOWS - JAYS - CROWS

- Horned Lark (A) u u u

- Purple Martin (A) o o o

- Tree Swallow (A) u c r a

- N. Rough-winged Swallow (A) u u o

- Bank Swallow (A) r r r

- Cliff Swallow (A) o o o

- Barn Swallow (A) c c c

- Blue Jay (A) c c c c

- American Crow (A) c c c c

- Fish Crow (A) r r o o

TITMICE - NUTHATCHES - WRENS

- Black-capped Chickadee (A) a a a a

- Tufted Titmouse (T,N,P,S) a a a a

- Red-breasted Nuthatch (B,N,T,P) o o o

- White-breasted Nuthatch(B,N,T,P) c u c u

- Brown Creeper (B,N,T,P) o o o

- Carolina Wren (A) u u c u

- House Wren (A) c c c r

- Winter Wren (A) o o r

- Sedge Wren (S,N,T,P) r r

- Marsh Wren (A) u c c r

KINGLETS - THRUSHES - THRASHER

- Golden-crowned Kinglet (A) o u u

- Ruby-crowned Kinglet (A) o u c

- Blue-gray Gnatcatcher (B,T,N) r r r

- Eastern Bluebird(A) o u o u

- Veery (B,N,T P) o o o

- Gray-cheeked Thrush (B,N,T) o

- Swainson's Thrush (B,N,T) u o

- Hermit Thrush (B,N,T) u o u

- Wood Thrush (B,N,T,P) u c u

- American Robin (A) c c c c

- Gray Catbird (A) a a a o

- Northern Mockingbird (A) c c c u

- Brown Thrasher (B,N,T,P) c c c o

WAXWINGS - SHRIKES - STARLINGS

- Water Pipit (T,N) u u o

- Cedar Waxwing (B,T,N) c u c c

- Northern Shrike (A) r r r

- Loggerhead Shrike (A) o o o

- European Starling (A) c c a u

VIREOS - WOOD WARBLERS

- White-eyed Vireo (A) u u u

- Solitary Vireo (B,N,T) o o

- Warbling Vireo (B,T,N,P) o o

- Philadelphia Vireo (B,T,N) r

- Red-eyed Vireo (B,T,N,P) u u u

- Blue-winged Warbler (A) c c u

- Golden-winged Warbler (A) r r r

- Tennessee Warbler (A) o o

- Orange-crowned Warbler (A) o o

- Nashville Warbler (A) r r

- Northern Parula (A) o o

- Yellow Warbler (A) c c u

- Chestnut-sided Warbler (A) o u u

- Magnolia Warbler (A) o r o

- Cape May Warbler (A) r r r

- Black-throated Blue Warbler (A) r r o

- Yellow-rumped Warbler (A) c o a a

- Blackburnian Warbler (A) r r

- Pine Warbler (A) r r

- Prairie Warbler (A) u u u

- Palm Warbler (A) u u r

- Bay-breasted Warbler (A) o o

- Blackpoll Warbler (A) o o

- Black-and-white Warbler (A) u c u

- American Redstart (A) o u u

- Prothonotary Warbler r

- Ovenbird (A) u u u

- Northern Waterthrush (A) o u u

- Connecticut Warbler (A) u

- Mourning Warbler (A) u

- Common Yellowthroat (A) u a c o

- Hooded Warbler (A) r r r

- Wilson's Warbler (A) r r

- Canada Warbler (A) o o o

- Yellow-breasted Chat (A) r r r

TANAGERS - SPARROWS

- Summer Tanager (B,T,N) r r

- Scarlet Tanager (B,T,N,P) o o o

- Northern Cardinal (A) c c c c

- Rose-breasted Grosbeak (A) o o

- Blue Grosbeak (B,T) r

- Indigo Bunting (A) o o o

- Dickcissel (B,T) r

- Rufous-sided Towhee (A) c c c o

- American Tree Sparrow (A) c u c

- Chipping Sparrow (A) u u u o

- Field Sparrow (A) u u u o

- Vesper Sparrow (T) r r

- Lark Sparrow (T) r

- Savannah Sparrow (A) u c c o

- Grasshopper Sparrow (N,T) r r r

- Sharp-tailed Sparrow (A) o u u

- Seaside Sparrow (A) o u u

- Fox Sparrow (A) u u u

- Song Sparrow (A) c c a c

- Lincoln's Sparrow (B,N,T) u

- Swamp Sparrow (A) u u c o

- White-throated Sparrow (A) u c c

- White-crowned Sparrow (A) u u o

- Dark-eyed junco (A) u c c

- Lapland Longspur (N,T,S) o o o

- Snow Bunting (A) o o o

s S F W

BLACKBIRDS - ORIOLE - FINCHES

- Common Grackle (A) c c c u

- Brown-headed Cowbird (A) c c u o

- Orchard Oriole (B,T,N) o o

- Northern Oriole (B,T,N) o o o

- Pine Grosbeak (T,N) r

- Purple Finch (A) o o o o

- House Finch (A) u u u u

- Red Crossbill (T,N) r r

- Common Redpoll (A) o o

- Pine Siskin (B,T,N,P) o o o

- American Goldfinch (A) c c c u

- Evening Grosbeak (T,N,P) o o o

- House Sparrow (A) o o o o________________________________________________

Key to Table

Season:

s Spring March - May

S Summer June - August

F Fall September - November

W Winter December - February

Relative Abundance:

a abundant a species which is very numerous

c common likely to be senor heard in suitable habitat

u uncommon present, but not certain to be seen

o occasional seen only a few times during a season

r rare may be present, but not every year

Location Key:

P = Pettaquamscutt Cove

B = Block Island

N = Ninigret

S = Sachuest Point

T = Trustom Pond

A = found on all Refuges