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Ammann, George Andrew FLEDGING OF A RUBY-THROATED HUMMINGBIRD. Migrant; 59(4):116. 1988. WR 215

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Anderson, Darryl RUFOUS HUMMINGBIRDS IN ST. LOUIS COUNTY. Loon; 51(4):197. 1979. WR 178

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Angehr, George Richard THE ROLE OF INTERFERENCE COMPETITION IN THE ORGANIZATION OF A GUILD OF PANAMANIAN HUMMINGBIRDS. Ph.D. dissertation,Univ. Colo. (Boulder); 224p. 1980. From Diss. Abstr. Int. B Sci. Eng. 42(1):50. July 1981. WR 183

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Armstrong, Doug P. PERSISTENT ATTEMPTS BY A MALE CALLIOPE HUMMINGBIRD, STELLULA CALLIOPE, TO COPULATE WITH NEWLY FLEDGED CONSPECIFICS. Can. Field-Nat.; 102(2):259-260. 1988. WR 212

Armstrong, Doug P.; Clifton Lee Gass and Glenn D. Sutherland SHOULD FORAGERS REMEMBER WHERE THEY'VE BEEN? EXPLORATIONS OF A SIMULATION MODEL BASED ON THE BEHAVIOR AND ENERGETICS OF TERRITORIAL HUMMINGBIRDS. Foraging Behavior. Alan C. Kamil, John R. Krebs, and H. Ronald Pulliam,editors.; p. 563-586. 1987. WR 211

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Arriaga, Laura; Ricardo Rodriguez-Estrella and Alfredo Ortega-Rubio ENDEMIC HUMMINGBIRDS AND MADRONES OF BAJA: ARE THEY MUTUALLY DEPENDENT? Southwest. Nat.; 35(1):76-79. 1990. WR 219

Ashman, Philip NORTHERN (BULLOCK'S) ORIOLE EATS HUMMINGBIRD. West. Birds; 8(3):105. 1977. WR 169

Atwood, Johnathan L.; Vanessa L. Fitz and Jennifer E. Bamesberger TEMPORAL PATTERNS OF SINGING ACTIVITY AT LEKS OF THE WHITE-BELLIED EMERALD. Wilson Bull.; 103(3):373-386. 1991. In English with Spanish summ. WR 227

Atwood, Jonathan L. ROBBERY OF NESTING MATERIALS BY THE CALLIOPE HUMMINGBIRD. West. Birds; 10(1):43-44. 1979. WR 185

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Ayaach M., Farid [The hummingbirds, the sounds of flight] [ Los colibries, de veloces vuelos sonoros. ] Natura; No. 105:59-61. 1996.

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Backstrom, Parker OBSERVATIONS ON A NOVEMBER 1992 MEEKER COUNTY RUBY-THROATED HUMMINGBIRD. Loon; 64(4):183-188. 1992. WR 235

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Baker, Herbert G., NON-SUGAR CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS OF NECTAR, Apidologie 8(4): 349-356, 1977

Baker, Herbert G., SUGAR CONCENTRATIONS IN NECTARS FROM HUMMINGBIRD FLOWERS, Biotropica 7(1): 37-41, 1975

Baker, Herbert G. and Irene Baker, CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS OF NECTAR IN RELATION TO POLLINATION MECHANISMS AND PHYLOGENY, Biochemical Aspects of Evolutionary Biology, 1982

Baker, Herbert G. and Irene Baker, INTRASPECIFIC CONSTANCY OF FLORAL NECTAR AMINO ACID COMPLEMENTS, Botanical Gazette 138(2): 183-191, 1977

Baker, Irene and Herbert G. Baker, SOME CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS OF FLORAL NECTARS OF ERYTHRINA IN RELATION TO POLLINATORS AND SYSTEMATICS, Erythrina Symposium IV, Allertonia 3(1), 1982

Baker, Irene and Herbert G. Baker, ANALYSIS OF AMINO ACIDS IN NECTAR, Phytochemical Bulletin 9(3), 1976

Baldridge, Frank A. PLUMAGE CHARACTERISTICS OF JUVENILE BLACK-CHINNED HUMMINGBIRDS. Condor; 85(1):102-103. Feb. 1983. WR 189

Baldridge, Frank A.; Lloyd F. Kiff; Susan K. Baldridge and Robert B. Hansen HYBRIDIZATION OF A BLUE-THROATED HUMMINGBIRD IN CALIFORNIA. West. Birds; 14(1):17-30. 1983. WR 192

Baltosser, William H. Nest attentiveness in hummingbirds. Wilson Bull.; 108(2):228-245. 1996. 1 fig.; 5 tab.

Baltosser, William H. ANNUAL MOLT IN RUBY-THROATED AND BLACK-CHINNED HUMMINGBIRDS. Condor; 97(2):484-491. 1995. In English with Spanish summ. WR 250

Baltosser, William H. AGE AND SEX DETERMINATION IN THE CALLIOPE HUMMINGBIRD. West. Birds; 25(2):104-109. 1994. WR 243

Baltosser, William H. NECTAR AVAILABILITY AND HABITAT SELECTION BY HUMMINGBIRDS IN GUADALUPE CANYON. Wilson Bull.; 101(4):559-578. 1989. WR 217

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Baltosser, William H. COSTA'S HUMMINGBIRD: ITS DISTRIBUTION AND STATUS. West. Birds; 20(2):41-62. 1989. WR 218

Baltosser, William H. AGE, SPECIES, AND SEX DETERMINATION OF FOUR NORTH AMERICAN HUMMINGBIRDS. N. Am. Bird Bander; 12(4):151-166. 1987. WR 209

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Baltosser, William Henry NESTING ECOLOGY OF SYMPATRIC HUMMINGBIRDS IN GUADALUPE CANYON. Ph.D. dissertation, N.M. State Univ. 119p. 1983. From Diss. Abstr. Int. B Sci. Eng.; 45(1):51. July 1984. WR 195

Baltosser, William H. NEW AND MODIFIED METHODS FOR COLOR-MARKING HUMMINGBIRDS. Bird-Banding; 49 (1): 47-49. 1978. WR 170

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Baptista, Luis F. and Matsui, Margaret THE SOURCE OF THE DIVE-NOISE OF THE ANNA'S HUMMINGBIRD. Condor; 81 (1): 87-89. Feb. 1979. WR 174

Baptista, Luis F. and Karl-L. Schuchmann SONG LEARNING IN THE ANNA HUMMINGBIRD (CALYPTE ANNA). Ethology; 84(1):15-26. 1990. WR 218

Barash, David P. LEK BEHAVIOR IN THE BROAD-TAILED HUMMINGBIRD. Wilson Bull.; 84(2):202-203. June 1972. WR 146:84

Barry, Robert and Jan Barry RUFOUS HUMMINGBIRD AT CASCADE RIVER STATE PARK. Loon; 57(4):177. 1985. WR 201

Bartholomew, George A. and John R. B. Lighton, OXYGEN CONSUMPTION DURING HOVER-FEEDING

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Baumgartner, A. Marguerite RUBY-THROATED HUMMINGBIRD BANDED IN NORTHEASTERN OKLAHOMA RECOVERED IN SOUTH-CENTRAL TEXAS. Bull. Okla. Ornithol. Soc.; 19(3):21-23. 1986. WR 203

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Baumgartner, A. Marguerite HUMMINGBIRD BANDING IN DELAWARE COUNTY, OKLAHOMA. Inl. Bird Banding; 52(1):8-12. 1980. WR 178

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Beavers, Randell A. FIRST SPECIMEN OF ALLEN'S HUMMINGBIRD, /SELASPHORUS SASINS/ (TROCHILIDAE), FROM TEXAS. Southwest. Nat.; 22(2):285. 3 June 1977. WR 166

Bell, Allan RUFOUS HUMMINGBIRD (SELAPHORUS RUFUS): 30 JULY 1992, TOMAHAWK, LINCOLN COUNTY. Passenger Pigeon; 55(1):98. 1993 WR 238

Bennett, Alan A MASSACHUSETTS FIRST: ALLEN'S HUMMINGBIRD ON NANTUCKET. Bird Observ.; 17(1):21-24. 1989. WR 214

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Bentley, Barbara and Thomas Elias; editors THE BIOLOGY OF NECTARIES. Columbia Univ. Press (New York); vii + 259p. 1983. WR 192

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Berger, M. and K. Johansen TORPOR STAGES IN HUMMINGBIRDS - RESPIRATORY AND CIRCULATORY ADAPTATIONS. [ DIE STADIEN DER KÄLTESTARRE BEI KOLIBRIS - ANPASSUNG VON ATMUNG UND KREISLAUF. ] Verh. Dtsch. Zool. Ges.; 73:307. 1980. Abstract only. In German. WR 181

Bertin, Robert Ian THE REPRODUCTIVE BIOLOGIES OF SOME HUMMINGBIRD-POLLINATED PLANTS. Ph.D. dissertation, Univ. Ill. (Urbana-Champaign); 213p. 1980. From Diss. Abstr. Int. B Sci. Eng. 41(11):3994. May 1981. WR 182

Bertin, Robert I. THE RUBY-THROATED HUMMINGBIRD AND ITS MAJOR FOOD PLANTS: RANGES, FLOWERING PHENOLOGY, AND MIGRATION. Can. J. Zool.; 60(2):210-219. Feb. 1982. In English with French summ. WR 185

Bertin, Robert I. and Wilzbach, Peggy A. SEXUAL DIFFERENCES IN FEEDING TERRITORIALITY OF THE CROWNED WOODNYMPH, /THALURANIA COLOMBICA/. Wilson Bull.; 91 (2): 319-321. June 1979. WR 175

Bertonatti, Claudio C. and Sofia Heinonen Fortabat TWO NEW SPECIES FOR THE CHACO PROVINCE, ARGENTINE REPUBLIC. Not. Faun.; No. 14. 3p. 1988. In Spanish. WR 225

Beuchat, Carol A.; William A. Calder III and Eldon J. Braun THE INTEGRATION OF OSMOREGULATION AND ENERGY BALANCE IN HUMMINGBIRDS. Physiol. Zool.; 63(6):1059-1081. 1990. WR 222

Beuchat, Carol A.; Chaplin, Susan B. and Morton, Martin L. AMBIENT TEMPERATURE AND THE DAILY ENERGETICS OF TWO SPECIES OF HUMMINGBIRDS, /CALYPTE ANNA/ AND /SELASPHORUS RUFUS/. Physiol. Zool.; 52 (3): 280-295. July 1979. WR 175

Bieda, Lori HUMMING TO THE TUNE OF MAN. A.F.A. Watchbird; 19(6):30-33. 1993. WR 241

Binford, Laurence C. RE-EVALUATION OF THE "HYBRID" HUMMINGBIRD CYANTHUS SORDIDUS X C. LATIROSTRIS FROM MEXICO. Condor; 87(1):148-150. 1985. WR 197

Blanich, Jo and Steve Blanich ALBINO HUMMINGBIRD IN CROW WING COUNTY. Loon; 66(4):209. 1994-95. WR 248

Bleiweiss, Robert REVERSED PLUMAGE ONTOGENY IN A FEMALE HUMMINGBIRD: IMPLICATIONS FOR THE EVOLUTION OF IRIDESCENT COLOURS AND SEXUAL DICHROMATISM. Biol. J. Linn. Soc.; 47(2):183-195. 1992. WR 234

Bleiweiss, Robert WIDESPREAD POLYCHROMATISM IN FEMALE SUNANGEL HUMMINGBIRDS (HELIANGELUS: TROCHILIDAE). Biol. J. Linn. Soc.; 45(4):291-314. 1992. WR 230

Bleiweiss, Robert SPECTRAL CONFUSION BY HUMMINGBIRDS AND THE EVOLUTION OF RED COLORATION IN THEIR FLOWERS: A NEW HYPOTHESIS (MULLERIAN MIMICRY/WAVELENGTH DISCRIMINATION/SHADE/COLOR NAME). Trans. Wis. Acad. Sci. Arts Lett.; Vol. 78. p. 33-38. 1990. WR 224

Bleiweiss, Robert PLUMAGE ONTOGENY AND TAXONOMIC STATUS OF THE DUSKY STARFRONTLET COELIGENA ORINA WETMORE. Bull. Br. Ornithol. Club; 108(3):127-131. 1988. WR 212

Bleiweiss, Robert DEVELOPMENT AND EVOLUTION OF AVIAN RACKET PLUMES: FINE STRUCTURE AND SERIAL HOMOLOGY OF THE WIRE. J. Morphol.; 194(1):23-39. 1987. WR 207

Bleiweiss, Robert IRIDESCENT POLYCHROMATISM IN A FEMALE HUMMINGBIRD: IS IT RELATED TO FEEDING STRATEGIES. Auk; 102(4):701-713. 1985. WR 200

Bleiweiss, Robert Edward VARIATION AND EVOLUTION IN SOME ANDEAN HUMMINGBIRDS. Ph.D. dissertation, Harvard Univ.; 226p. 1983. From Diss. Abstr. Int. B Sci. Eng. 44(12):3680. June 1984. WR 195

Bleiweiss, Robert; Kirsch, John A. W.; Matheus, Juan Carlos DNA hybridization evidence for the principal lineages of hummingbirds (Aves: Trochilidae) Mol. Biol. Evol.; 14(3):325-343. 1997.

Bleiweiss, Robert; John A. W. Kirsch and Juan Carlos Matheus DNA-DNA HYBRIDIZATION EVIDENCE FOR SUBFAMILY STRUCTURE AMONG HUMMINGBIRDS. Auk; 111(1):8-19. 1994. WR 243

Bleiweiss, Robert and Manuel Olalla P. NOTES ON THE ECOLOGY OF THE BLACK-BREASTED PUFFLEG ON VOLCAN PICHINCHA, ECUADOR. Wilson Bull.; 95(4):656-661. Dec. 1983. WR 193

Boeke, Jef D. A FOOD SOURCE OF THE MARVELLOUS SPATULETAIL /LODDIGESIA MIRABILIS/. Ibis; 120 (4): 551. Oct. 1978. WR 172

Boldt, Brian ANNA'S HUMMINGBIRD (CALYPTE ANNA): 1 JANUARY 1993, RACINE CO. Passenger Pigeon; 55(3):271. 1993. WR 241

Bolten, Alan B. and Feinsinger, Peter WHY DO HUMMINGBIRD FLOWERS SECRETE DILUTE NECTAR? Biotropica; 10 (4): 307-309. Dec. 1978. WR 174

Bolten, Alan B., Peter Feinsinger, Herbert G. Baker and Irene Baker, ON THE CALCULATION OF SUGAR CONCENTRATION IN FLOWER NECTAR, Oecologia (Berlin) 41: 301-304, 1979

Boose, David L. THE INFLUENCE OF NECTAR PRODUCTION RATE ON POLLINATOR VISITATION IN A NATURAL POPULATION OF EPILOBIUM CANUM, A HUMMINGBIRD-POLLINATED SHRUB. Bull. Ecol. Soc. Am.; 75(2)Suppl.:19. 1994. Abstract only. WR 245

Borrero-H., Jose Ignacio EXPLOITATION OF THE FLOWERS OF THE LIGNUM-VITAE TREE (TABEBUIA CHRYSANTHA) BY VARIOUS SPECIES OF BIRDS AND INSECTS. [ EXPLOTACION DE LAS FLORES DE GUAYACAN (TABEBUIA CHRYSANTHA) POR VARIAS ESPECIES DE AVES E INSECTOS. ] Biotropica; 4(1):28-31. 1972. From Biol. Abstr. 56(10), 1973. In Spanish. WR 152:53

Borrero, J. I. NOTES ON THE BREEDING BEHAVIOUR OF REIFFER'S HUMMINGBIRD, /AMAZILIA TZACATL/. [ NOTAS SOBRE EL COMPORTAMIENTO REPRODUCTIVO DE /AMAZILIA TZACATL/. ] Ardeola; 21 (2): 933-943. 1975. From Ecol. Abstr. 1978/2:78L/1910. 1978. In Spanish with English summ. WR 173

Bouricius, Steven M. MOBBING OF AN INJURED HERMIT THRUSH BY BROAD-TAILED HUMMINGBIRDS. C.F.O. (Colo. Field Ornithol.) J.; 27(2):60-64.1993. WR 236

Boyd, Roger L. RIVOLI'S HUMMINGBIRD IN LINN COUNTY, KANSAS. Kans. Ornithol. Soc. Bull.; 29 (1): 10-11. Mar. 1978. WR 170

Boyden, Thomas C. TERRITORIAL DEFENSE AGAINST HUMMINGBIRDS AND INSECTS BY TROPICAL HUMMINGBIRDS. Condor; 80 (2): 216-221. 1978. WR 172

Bransfield, Raymond Joseph A COMPARISON OF TERRITORIAL BEHAVIOR IN THE HUMMINGBIRDS ARCHILOCHUS ALEXANDRI AND CALYPTE ANNA. M.S. thesis, Calif. State Univ. (Long Beach); 48p. 1983. From Masters Abstr. 22(3):303. Sept. 1984. WR 195

Braun, Michael J. and David E. Wolf RECENT RECORDS OF VAGRANT SOUTH AMERICAN LAND BIRDS IN PANAMA. Bull. Br. Ornithol. Club; 107(3):115-117. 1987. WR 208

Brennan, Mary F. HUMMINGBIRDS AT ITUNA, SASKATCHEWAN. Blue Jay; 42(2):112-113. June 1984. WR 195

Brice, A. T. THE ESSENTIALITY OF NECTAR AND ARTHROPODS IN THE DIET OF THE ANNA'S HUMMINGBIRD (CALYPTE ANNA). Comp. Biochem. Physiol. A Comp. Physiol.; 101(1):151-155. 1992. WR 236

Brice, Ann Tandy THE SIGNIFICANCE OF PROTEIN IN THE NUTRITION OF ADULT HUMMINGBIRDS. Ph.D. dissertation, Univ. Calif. (Davis); 126p. 1989. From Diss. Abstr. Int. B Sci. Eng. 50(8):3350. 1990. Order No. DA9002722. WR 218

Brice, A. T.; K. H. Dahl and C. R. Grau POLLEN DIGESTIBILITY BY HUMMINGBIRDS AND PSITTACINES. Condor; 91(3):681-688. 1989. WR 215

Brice, Ann T. and C. Richard Grau PROTEIN REQUIREMENTS OF COSTA'S HUMMINGBIRDS CALYPTE COSTAE. Physiol. Zool.; 64(2):611-626. 1991. WR 225

Brice, A. T. and C. R. Grau HUMMINGBIRD NUTRITION: DEVELOPMENT OF A PURIFIED DIET FOR LONG-TERM MAINTENANCE. Zoo Biol.; 8(3):233-237. 1989. WR 215

Brody, Alison K. OVIPOSITION CHOICES BY A PRE-DISPERSAL SEED PREDATOR (HYLEMYA SP.). I. CORRESPONDENCE WITH HUMMINGBIRD POLLINATORS, AND THE ROLE OF PLANT SIZE, DENSITY AND FLORAL MORPHOLOGY. Oecologia (Heidelb.); 91(1):56-62. 1992. WR 232

Brody, Alison K. and Randall J. Mitchell THE EFFECTS OF FLORAL DISPLAY SIZE ON POLLINATOR VISITATION AND PLANT FITNESS. Bull. Ecol. Soc. Am.; 75(2)Suppl.:24. 1994. Abstract only. WR 245

Broom, D. M. DURATION OF FEEDING BOUTS AND RESPONSES TO SALT SOLUTIONS BY HUMMINGBIRDS AT ARTIFICIAL FEEDERS. Condor; 78 (1): 135-138. 1976. WR 162

Brown, Bryan T. NESTING CHRONOLOGY, DENSITY AND HABITAT USE OF BLACK-CHINNED HUMMINGBIRDS ALONG THE COLORADO RIVER, ARIZONA. J. Field Ornithol.; 63(4):393-400. 1992. In English with Spanish summ. WR 234

Brown, Gayle S. and Clifton L. Gass SPATIAL ASSOCIATION LEARNING BY HUMMINGBIRDS. Anim. Behav.; 46(3):487-497. 1993. WR 239

Brown, James H. and Michael A. Bowers COMMUNITY ORGANIZATION IN HUMMINGBIRDS: RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN MORPHOLOGY AND ECOLOGY. Auk; 102(2):251-269. 1985. WR 198

Brown, James H., William A. Calder, III and Astrid Kodric-Brown, CORRELATES AND CONSEQUENCES OF BODY SIZE IN NECTAR-FEEDING BIRDS, Amer. Zool. 687-700, 1978

Brown, James H. and Astrid Kodric-Brown CONVERGENCE, COMPETITION, AND MIMICRY IN A TEMPERATE COMMUNITY OF HUMMINGBIRD-POLLINATED FLOWERS. Ecology; 60(5):1022-1035. Oct. 1979. WR 177

Brown, James H.; Astrid Kodric-Brown; Thomas G. Whitham and Hedley W. Bond COMPETITION BETWEEN HUMMINGBIRDS AND INSECTS FOR THE NECTAR OF TWO SPECIES OF SHRUBS. Southwest. Nat.; 26(2):133-145. 21 May 1981. WR 182

Brunton, Daniel F.; Andrews, Sidney and Paton, David G. NESTING OF THE CALLIOPE HUMMINGBIRD IN KANANASKIS PROVINCIAL PARK, ALBERTA. Can. Field-Nat.; 93(4):449-451. Oct.-Dec. 1979. WR 176

Bucher, Theresa L.; Chappell, Mark A. Respiratory exchange and ventilation during nocturnal torpor in hummingbirds. Physiol. Zool.; 70(1):45-52. 1997.

Bucher, Theresa L. and Mark A. Chappell VENTILATORY AND METABOLIC DYNAMICS DURING ENTRY INTO AND AROUSAL FROM TORPOR IN SELASPHORUS HUMMINGBIRDS. Physiol. Zool.; 65(5):978-993. 1992. WR 234

Buettner, Mark A. STRANGE BEHAVIOR OF A RUBY-THROATED HUMMINGBIRD. Blue Jay; 40(4):218. Dec. 1982. WR 188

Burgoon, Deborah A.; Delbert L. Kilgore, Jr. and Philip J. Motta BRAIN TEMPERATURE IN THE CALLIOPE HUMMINGBIRD (STELLULA CALLIOPE):A SPECIES LACKING A RETE MIRABILE OPHTHALMICUM.. J. Comp. Physiol. B Biochem. Syst. Environ. Physiol.; 157(5):583-588. 1987. WR 208

Cahoon, Peter A KNOWLEDGE REPRESENTATION SYSTEM FOR HUMMINGBIRD FORAGING BEHAVIOUR IN A LABORATORY ENVIRONMENT. Ph.D. dissertation, Univ. British Columbia (Canada); 1987. From Diss. Abstr. Int. B Sci. Eng. 49(7):2523. 1989. WR 213

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Calder, William A. WHEN DO HUMMINGBIRDS USE TORPOR IN NATURE? Physiol. Zool.; 67(5):1051-1076. 1994. WR 251

Calder, William A. MIGRATION OF RUFOUS HUMMINGBIRDS. Wild Bird; 7(5):43-45. 1993. WR 236

Calder, William A. RUFOUS HUMMINGBIRD. The Birds of North America. A. Poole and F. Gill, editors.; No. 53. 20p. 1993. WR 240

Calder, William A. HUMMINGBIRD OF THE MOUNTAINS. SPECIES PROFILE: BROAD-TAILED HUMMINGBIRD (SELASPHORUS PLATYCERCUS). Wild Bird; 7(5):32-35. 1993. WR 236

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Calder, William A. HYPOTHERMIC TORPOR IN BROADTAILED HUMMINGBIRDS: WHEN AND AT WHAT COSTS? Am. Zool.; 31(5):42A. 1991. Abstract only. WR 228

Calder, William A. III. SOUTHBOUND THROUGH COLORADO: MIGRATION OF RUFOUS HUMMINGBIRDS. Natl. Geogr. Res.; 3(1):40-51. 1987. WR 205

Calder, William A. III. MIGRATION AND POPULATION DYNAMICS OF HUMMINGBIRDS. Natl. Geogr. Soc. Res. Rep.; 21:53-57. 1985. WR 201

Calder, William A. III. HEAT EXCHANGE OF NESTING HUMMINGBIRDS IN THE ROCKY MOUNTAINS. Natl. Geogr. Soc. Res. Rep.; 13:145-169. 1981. WR 185

Calder, William A. III. DIURESIS ON THE DESERT? EFFECTS OF FRUIT- AND NECTAR-FEEDING ON THE HOUSE FINCH AND OTHER SPECIES. Condor; 83(3):267-268. Aug. 1981. WR 183

Calder, William A. III. ON THE TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENCY OF OPTIMAL NECTAR CONCENTRATIONS FOR BIRDS. J. Theor. Biol.; 78 (2): 185-196. 21 May 1979. WR 175

Calder, W. A. III. ENERGETICS OF SMALL BODY SIZE AND HIGH LATITUDE THE RUFOUS HUMMINGBIRD IN COASTAL ALASKA. Int. J. Biometeorol.; 20 (1): 23-25. Mar. 1976. WR 162

Calder, William A. DAYLENGTH AND THE HUMMINGBIRDS' USE OF TIME. Auk; 92(1):81-97. Jan. 1975. WR 157:41

Calder, William A., Jr. THE THERMAL AND RADIANT ENVIRONMENT OF A WINTER HUMMINGBIRD NEST. Condor; 76(3):268-273. 1974. WR 155:69

Calder, William A. THE TIMING OF MATERNAL BEHAVIOR OF THE BROAD-TAILED HUMMINGBIRD PRECEDING NEST FAILURE. Wilson Bull.; 85(3):283-290. Sept. 1973. WR 151:44

Calder, William A. MICROHABITAT SELECTION DURING NESTING OF HUMMINGBIRDS IN THE ROCKY MOUNTAINS. Ecology; 54(1):127-134. 1973. WR 149:66

Calder, William A. TEMPERATURE RELATIONSHIPS AND NESTING OF THE CALLIOPE HUMMINGBIRD. Condor; 73(3):314-321. 1971. WR 143:80

Calder, William A.; Calder, Lorene L. Size and abundance: breeding population density of the Calliope hummingbird. Auk; 112(2):517-521. 1995.

Calder, William A. and Lorene L. Calder CALLIOPE HUMMINGBIRD, STELLULA CALLIOPE. The Birds of North America. A. Poole and F. Gill, editors. No. 135. 16p. 1994. The entire Birds of North America Series is available c/o Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 1900 Benjamin Franklin Pkwy., Philadelphia, PA 19103-1195. Individual issues are available for purchase from the American Birding Assoc. in Colorado Springs, Colo. For more information contact ABA at 1-800-634-7736 or P.O. Box 6599, Colorado Springs, CO 80934-6599. WR 247

Calder, William A. and Lorene L. Calder BROAD-TAILED HUMMINGBIRD. The Birds of North America. A. Poole, P. Stettenheim, and F. Gill, editors.; No. 16. 16p. 1992. WR 240

Calder, William A. and Lorene L. Calder BODY MASS CYCLES OF HUMMINGBIRDS. Bull. Ecol. Soc. Am.; 71(2)(Suppl.):111. 1990. Abstract only. WR 220

Calder, W. A.; L. L. Calder and T. D. Fraizer THE HUMMINGBIRD'S RESTRAINT: A NATURAL MODEL FOR WEIGHT CONTROL. Experientia (Basel); 46(10):999-1002. 1990. WR 222

Calder, William A. III and Sara M. Hiebert NECTAR FEEDING, DIURESIS, AND ELECTROLYTE REPLACEMENT OF HUMMINGBIRDS. Physiol. Zool.; 56(3):325-334. July 1983. WR 191

Calder, William A. III and Sara Hiebert SOME ENERGETIC ASPECTS OF BEHAVIOR IN A MONTANE HUMMINGBIRD NESTING HABITAT. Natl. Geogr. Soc. Res. Rep.; 14:89-94. 1982. WR 194

Calder, William A. III and Elinor G. Jones IMPLICATIONS OF RECAPTURE DATA FOR MIGRATION OF THE RUFOUS HUMMINGBIRD (SELASPHORUS RUFUS) IN THE ROCKY MOUNTAINS. Auk; 106(3):488-489. 1989. WR 215

Calder, William A. III; Nickolas M. Waser; Sara M. Hiebert; David W. Inouye and Sarah Miller SITE-FIDELITY, LONGEVITY, AND POPULATION DYNAMICS OF BROAD-TAILED HUMMINGBIRDS: A TEN YEAR STUDY. Oecologia (Berl.); 56(2-3):359-364. Feb. 1983. WR 192

Campbell, Diane R. and James L. Dooley THE SPATIAL SCALE OF GENETIC DIFFERENTIATION IN A HUMMINGBIRD-POLLINATED PLANT: COMPARISON WITH MODELS OF ISOLATION BY DISTANCE. Am. Nat.; 139(4):735-748. 1992. WR 230

Campbell, Diane R.; Waser, Nickolas M.; Melendez-Ackerman, Elvia J. Analyzing pollinator-mediated selection in a plant hybrid zone: hummingbird visitation patterns on three spatial scales. Am. Nat.; 149(2):295-315. 1997.

Campbell, Diane R.; Waser, Nickolas M.; Price, Mary V. Mechanisms of hummingbird-mediated selection for flower width in Ipomopsis aggregata. Ecology (Wash., DC); 77(5):1463-1472. 1996. 3 fig.; 3 tab.; 1 pl.

Cardiff, S. W. and J. V. Remsen, Jr. THREE BIRD SPECIES NEW TO BOLIVIA. Bull. Br. Ornithol. Club; 101(2):304-305. June 1981. WR 183

Carignan, Jeanette M. ECOLOGICAL SURVEY AND ELEVATIONAL GRADIENT IMPLICATIONS OF THE FLORA AND VERTEBRATE FAUNA IN THE NORTHERN DEL NORTE MOUNTAINS, BREWSTER COUNTY, TEXAS. M.S. thesis, Sul Ross State Univ.; 192p. 1988. From Masters Abstr. Int. 27(3)360. 1989. Order No. MA1335446. WR 215 WR 209

Carignan, Jeanette M. PREDATION ON RUFOUS HUMMINGBIRD BY PRAYING MANTID. Tex. J. Sci.; 40(1):111. 1988. WR 209

Carpenter, F. Lynn POLLEN-TRANSFER EFFICIENCY COMPENSATES FOR POLLINATOR CRASHES IN A SPECIALIZED BIRD-POLLINATED PLANT. Proc. Int. Ornithol. Congr.; 19:537-549. 1988. WR 214

Carpenter, F. Lynn, A SPECTRUM OF NECTAR-EATER COMMUNITIES, Amer. Zool. 18: 809-819, 1978

Carpenter, F. Lynn ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION OF AN ANDEAN HUMMINGBIRD (OREOTROCHILUS ESTELLA. . Univ. Calif. Publ. Zool.; 106. 74p. 1976. WR 188

Carpenter, F. Lynn TORPOR IN AN ANDEAN HUMMINGBIRD: ITS ECOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE. Science; 183(4124):545-547. 8 Feb. 1974. WR 152:80

Carpenter, F. Lynn and Jeffrey L. Castronova, MATERNAL DIET SELECTIVITY IN CALYPTE ANNA, The Amer. Midland Naturalist 103(1), 1978

Carpenter, F. Lynn; Mark A. Hixon; Carol A. Beuchat; Robert W. Russell and David C. Paton BIPHASIC MASS GAIN IN MIGRANT HUMMINGBIRDS: BODY COMPOSITION CHANGES, TORPOR, AND ECOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE. Ecology; 74(4):1173-1182. 1993. WR 237

Carpenter, F. Lynn; Mark A. Hixon; Andrea Hunt and Robert W. Russell WHY HUMMINGBIRDS HAVE SUCH LARGE CROPS. Evol. Ecol.; 5(4):405-414. 1991. WR 227

Carpenter, F. Lynn and Mark A. Hixon A NEW FUNCTION FOR TORPOR: FAT CONSERVATION IN A WILD MIGRANT HUMMINGBIRD. Condor; 90(2):373-378. 1988. WR 210

Carpenter, F. L. and M. A. Hixon THE EFFECT OF INTERSPECIFIC COMPETITION ON COSTA HUMMINGBIRD ENERGETICS. Am. Zool.; 27(4):12A. 1987. Abstract only. WR 208

Carpenter, F. L.; M. A. Hixon and D. C. Paton RELATING BODY MASS CHANGES TO FITNESS IN HUMMINGBIRDS. Bull. Ecol. Soc. Am.; 70(2):77. 1989. Abstract only. WR 216

Carpenter, F. L.; M. A. Hixon and D. C. Paton PREMIGRATORY CHANGES IN TIME BUDGETS OF TERRITORIAL HUMMINGBIRDS. Am. Zool.; 21(4):921.1981. Abstract only. WR 184

Carpenter, F. Lynn; Mark A. Hixon; David C. Paton; Ethan J. Temeles and Robert W. Russell SEXUAL DIFFERENCES IN RESOURCE ACQUISITION BY MIGRANT HUMMINGBIRDS. Acta XX Congressus Internationalis Ornithologici. R. O. Cossee, J. E. C. Flux, B. D. Heather, R. A. Hitchmough, C. J. R. Robertson, and M. J. Williams, editors.; Vol. II. p. 1156-1165. 1991. WR 229

Carpenter, F. Lynn; Mark A. Hixon; Robert W. Russell; David C. Paton and Ethan J. Temeles INTERFERENCE ASYMMETRIES AMONG AGE-SEX CLASSES OF RUFOUS HUMMINGBIRDS DURING MIGRATORY STOPOVERS. Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol.; 33(5):297-304. 1993. WR 240

Carpenter, F. Lynn; Mark A. Hixon; Ethan J. Temeles; Robert W. Russell and David C. Paton EXPLOITATIVE COMPENSATION BY SUBORDINATE AGE-SEX CLASSES OF MIGRANT RUFOUS HUMMINGBIRDS. Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol.; 33(5):305-312. 1993. WR 240

Carpenter, F. L.; D. C. Paton and M. A. Hixon TERRITORY SIZE AND WEIGHT GAIN IN MIGRANT HUMMINGBIRDS. Am. Zool.; 23(4):1000. 1983. Abstract only. WR 192

Carpenter, F. Lynn; David C. Paton and Mark A. Hixon WEIGHT GAIN AND ADJUSTMENT OF FEEDING TERRITORY SIZE IN MIGRANT HUMMINGBIRDS. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA; 80(23):7259-7263. Dec. 1983. WR 192

Carroll, Scott P. and Laurel Moore HUMMINGBIRDS TAKE THEIR VITAMINS. Anim. Behav.; 46(4):817-820. 1993. WR 239

Carter, Christopher NESTING OF THE SPECKLED HUMMINGBIRD ADELOMYIA MELANOGENYS. Avic. Mag.; 88(3):151-152. July-Sept. 1982. WR 189

Castelino, Miguel A. and Pedro A. Moreyra ON THE PLANALTO HERMIT, PHAETHORNIS PRETREI (LESSON & DELATTRE, 1839) IN THE PROVINCE OF MISIONES, ARGENTINA (AVES, TROCHILIDAE). Not. Faun.; No. 16. 2p. 1989. In Spanish with English summ. WR 225

Chai, Peng; Chen, Johnny S. C.; Dudley, Robert Transient hovering performance of hummingbirds under conditions of maximal loading. J. Exp. Biol.; 200(5):921-929. 1997.

Chaui-Berlinck, Jose Guilherme; Bicudo, Jose Eduardo P. W. Unusual metabolic shifts in fasting hummingbirds. Auk; 112(3):774-778. 1995.

Chavez-Ramirez, Felipe and McAlister Dowd ARTHROPOD FEEDING BY TWO DOMINICAN HUMINGBIRD SPECIES. Wilson Bull.; 104(4):743-747. 1992. WR 235 W

Chavez-Ramirez, Felipe and Sen S. Tan HABITAT SEPARATION AND ARTHROPOD RESOURCE USE IN THREE LESSER ANTILLEAN HUMMINGBIRDS. Condor; 95(2):455-458. 1993. WR 237

Chen, De-Mao; James S. Collins, and Timothy H. Goldsmith, THE ULTRAVIOLET RECEPTOR OF BIRD RETINAS, Science, Fol. 225, 1984

Chindgren, Helen S. AN AUTUMN RECORD FOR ANNA'S HUMMINGBIRD IN UTAH. Utah Birds; 2(3):73-74. 1986. WR 205

Chure, Dan and Lorraine Ferris A NEW UTAH RECORD OF BROAD-BILLED HUMMINGBIRD. Utah Birds; 2(3):75-76. 1986. WR 205

Cintra, Renato BLACK-EARED FAIRY (HELIOTHRYX AURITA, TROCHILIDAE) USING A GLIDING FLIGHT LIKE FALLING LEAVES WHEN LEAVING NEST. J. Ornithol.; 131(3):333-335. 1990. In English with German summ. WR 220

Cisneros-Palacios, Emma and Carlos Bonilla-Ruz NEW DISTRIBUTIONAL INFORMATION ON MEXICAN BIRDS III. NORTHERN OAXACA. Bull. Br. Ornithol. Club; 113(4):213-215. 1993. WR 241

Clark, Richard RUFOUS HUMMINGBIRD IN CARTER COUNTY, TENNESSEE. Migrant; 57(4):99. 1986. WR 205

Clay, Herbert L., Jr. FIRST KENTUCKY RECORD OF THE RUFOUS HUMMINGBIRD. Ky. Warbler; 66(2):44-46. 1990. WR 221

Clyde, Dale Peters ANNA'S HUMMINGBIRD IN ADULT MALE PLUMAGE FEEDS NESTLING. Condor; 74(1):102. 1972. WR 145:98

Cody, Martin L., INTERSPECIFIC TERRITORIALITY AMONG HUMMINGBIRD SPECIES, Unknown, 1967

Cole, Michael C.; Richard L. Cole and Sherri L. DeFauw TRANSITIONS IN HUMMINGBIRD MIGRATORY PATTERNS? Ga. J. Sci.; 50(1):21-22. 1992. Abstract only. WR 231

Cole, Ronald E. and Andrew Engilis, Jr. FIRST RECORD OF A RUBY-THROATED HUMMINGBIRD IN CALIFORNIA. West. Birds; 17(1):41-42. 1986. WR 213

Cole, Susan; F. Reed Hainsworth; Alan C. Kamil; Terre Mercier and Larry L. Wolf SPATIAL LEARNING AS AN ADAPTATION IN HUMMINGBIRDS. Science; 217(4560):655-657. 13 Aug. 1982. WR 187

Collins, Charles T. THE NATAL PTERYLOSIS OF HUMMINGBIRDS. Bull. South. Calif. Acad. Sci.; 77 (1): 14-21. Apr. 1978. WR 173

Colwell, R. K. HUMMINGBIRDS OF THE JUAN FERNANDEZ ISLANDS: NATURAL HISTORY, EVOLUTION AND POPULATION STATUS. Ibis; 131(4):548-566. 1989. WR 216

Colwell, Robert K., STOWAWAYS ON THE HUMMINGBIRD EXPRESS, Natural History: 57-63, 1985

Colwell, Robert K.; Burr J. Betts; Pille Bunnell; F. Lynn Carpenter and Peter Feinsinger COMPETITION FOR THE NECTAR OF CENTROPOGON VALERII BY THE HUMMINGBIRD COLIBRI THALASSINUS AND THE FLOWER-PIERCER DIGLOSSA PLUMBEA, AND ITS EVOLUTIONARY IMPLICATIONS. Condor; 76(4):447-452. 1974. WR 157:43

Constantz, George D. GROWTH OF NESTLING RUFOUS HUMMINGBIRDS. Auk; 97(3):622-624. July 1980. WR 179

Contino, Francisco OBSERVATIONS ON THE BEHAVIOR OF /SAPPHO SPARGANURA/ IN THE HILLS OF SANTA BARBARA, JUJUY, ARGENTINA. [ OBSERVACIONES SOBRE LA CONDUCTA DE /SAPPHO SPARGANURA/ EN EL CERRO DE SANTA BARBARA, JUJUY, ARGENTINA. ] Hornero; 11 (4): 265-270. May 1975. In Spanish. WR 167

Contreras, Julio Rafael NOTES ON PARAGUAYAN BIRDS. I. STERNA MAXIMA MAXIMA BODDAERT, 1783 AND ANTHRACOTHORAX NIGRICOLLIS NIGRICOLLIS (VIEILLOT, 1817). Not. Faun.; No. 28. 4p. 1992. In Spanish with English summ. WR 247

Contreras, Julio Rafael ON THE PRESENCE OF PHAETORNIS PRETREI (LESSON & DELATTRE, 1839) IN EASTERN PARAGUAY. Hist. Nat.; 6(3):31-32. 1986. In Spanish. WR 213

Contreras, Julio R. BIOTA CENTRO-ANDINA. VII. SOME COMMENTS ON THE RACES OF THE GIANT HUMMINGBIRD, PATAGONA GIGAS, IN THE PROVINCES OF MENDOZA AND SAN JUAN (AVES: TROCHILIDAE). [ BIOTA CENTRO-ANDINA. VII. COMENTARIOS ACERCA DE LAS RAZAS DEL PICAFLOR GIGANTE, PATAGONA GIGAS, EN LAS PROVINCIAS DE MENDOZA Y SAN JUAN (AVES: TROCHILIDAE). ] Neotropica; 24(71):47-49. 30 June 1978. In Spanish with English summ. WR 178

Contreras, Julio Rafael; Nelson Perez Villamayor and Andres Colman Jara ORNITHOLOGICAL NOTES FROM PARAGUAY. IV. A NEW SPECIES FOR THE COUNTRY AND COMMENTS ON OTHER THREE SPECIES. Not. Faun.; No. 32. 3p. 1992. In Spanish with English summ. WR 247

Conway, Albert E. PRAYING MANTIS KILLS HUMMINGBIRD. Chat; 56(2):31-32. 1992. WR 229

Conway, Albert E. RUFOUS HUMMINGBIRD: A NEW SPECIES FOR DELAWARE. Delmarva Ornithol.; 13(1&2):26. 1978. WR 178

Conway, Albert E. and Drennan, Susan Roney RUFOUS HUMMINGBIRDS IN EASTERN NORTH AMERICA. Am. Birds; 33 (2): 130-132. Mar. 1979. WR 175

Copenhaver, Christine and Paul W. Ewald COST OF TERRITORY ESTABLISHMENT IN HUMMINGBIRDS. Oecologia (Berl.); 46(2):155-160. Aug. 1980. WR 179

Cornwell, Greg SECOND DOCUMENTATION OF RUFOUS HUMMINGBIRD IN SOUTH CAROLINA. Chat; 52(1):14. 1988. WR 210

Crabtree, Tom DISTRIBUTION: ANNA'S HUMMINGBIRD IN EASTERN OREGON. Oreg. Birds; 9(3):110-111. 1983. WR 192

Davis, Tristan J. DISTRIBUTION AND NATURAL HISTORY OF SOME BIRDS FROM THE DEPARTMENTS OF SAN MARTIN AND AMAZONAS, NORTHERN PERU. Condor; 88(1):50-56. 1986. WR 201

DeBenedictis, Paul A. ABA CHECKLIST REPORT, 1993. Birding; 26(5):320-326. 1994. WR 246

DeBenedictis, Paul A.; Gill, Frank B.; Hainsworth, F. Reed; Pyke, Graham H. and Wolf, Larry L. OPTIMAL MEAL SIZE IN HUMMINGBIRDS. Am. Nat.; 112 (984): 301-316. Mar.-Apr. 1978. WR 170

des Lauriers, James R. HUMMINGBIRDS EATING ASHES. Auk; 111(3):755-756. 1994. WR 246

DesGranges, Jean-Luc INTERACTIONS AMONG RESIDENT AND MIGRANT HUMMINGBIRDS IN MEXICO. Ph.D. dissertation, McGill Univ.; 1977. From Diss. Abstr. Int. B Sci. Eng. 38(10):4620. Apr. 1978. WR 170

DesGranges, Jean-Luc and Peter R. Grant MIGRANT HUMMINGBIRDS' ACCOMMODATION INTO TROPICAL COMMUNITIES. Migrant Birds in the Neotropics: Ecology, Behavior, Distribution and Conservation. Allen Keast and Eugene S. Morton, editors.; p. 395-409. 1980. In English with Spanish summ. WR 199

Diamond, Jared M., William H. Karasov, Duong Phan and F. Lynn Carpenter, DIGESTIVE PHYSIOLOGY IS A DETERMINANT OF FORAGING BOUT FREQUENCY IN HUMMINGBIRDS, Nature 320: 62-63, 1986

Dickerson, Laura Dixie hummingbird investigators. WildBird; 10(5):41-45. 1996.

Domagalski, Robert C. Rufous hummingbird (Selasphorus rufus), 9 August 1994, Washington County. Passenger Pigeon; 57(2):125. 1995.

Donald, Mary F. ANNA'S HUMMINGBIRD (CALYPTE ANNA), 30 NOVEMBER 1990, WAUKESHA COUNTY, WALES. Passenger Pigeon; 53(2):198. 1991. WR 227

Douglas, Leo; Levy, Catherine Red-billed streamertail Trochilus polytmus. Gosse Bird Club Broadsheet (Jamaica, W.I.); No. 67:12. 1996.

Drazkowski, Bill UNUSUAL LOCATION FOR A HUMMINGBIRD NEST. Loon; 56(4):264. 1984. WR 197

Dudley, Robert; Chai, Peng Animal flight mechanics in physically variable gas mixtures. J. Exp. Biol.; 199(9):1881-1885. 1996.

Dunford, Christopher and Eileen Dunford INTERSPECIFIC AGGRESSION OF RESIDENT BROAD-TAILED AND MIGRANT RUFOUS HUMMINGBIRDS. Condor; 74(4):479. 1972. WR 149:67

Eberhard, Jessica R. and Paul W. Ewald FOOD AVAILABILITY, INTRUSION PRESSURE AND TERRITORY SIZE: AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF ANNA'S HUMMINGBIRDS (CALYPTE ANNA). Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol.; 34(1):11-18. 1994. WR 241

Eckhardt, Fred; Chuck Buer and Micki Buer A MAGNIFICENT HUMMINGBIRD IN BOYD, LAC QUI PARLE COUNTY. Loon; 59(3):145-146. 1987. WR 208

Edwards, Ernest P. HUMMINGBIRDS FEEDING ON AN EXCRETION PRODUCED BY SCALE INSECTS. Condor; 84(1):122. Feb. 1982. WR 186

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Elgar, Rod NOTES ON THE SUCCESSFUL BREEDING OF THE PERUVIAN BROWN-BELLIED AMAZILIA AMAZILIA A. AMAZILIA (LESSONS). Avic. Mag.; 92(4):176-180. 1986. WR 206

Elgar, R. J. NOTES ON VIOLET-EARED HUMMINGBIRDS THE GENUS COLIBRI. Avic. Mag.; 88(1):26-33. Jan.-Mar. 1982. WR 186

Elgar, R. J. NEST-BUILDING OF A FEMALE SPECKLED HUMMING BIRD ADELOMYIA MELANOGENYS. Avic. Mag.; 88(3):153-156. July-Sept. 1982. WR 189

Elgar, R. J. HUMMING BIRDS: THEIR CARE AND MANAGEMENT. Avic. Mag.; 88(4):213-225. 1982. WR 191

Elgar, R. J. THE GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION AND DESCRIPTION OF THE GENUS POPELAIRIA WITH OBSERVATIONS ON THE WIRE-CRESTED THORNTAIL POPELAIRIA POPELAIRII. Avic. Mag.; 86(2):91-98. 1980. WR 180

Elgar, R. J. OBSERVATIONS ON THE DISPLAY OF THE BLUE-TAILED EMERALD CHLOROSTILBON MELLISUGUS. Avic. Mag.; 86(3):147-150. July-Oct. 1980. WR 180

Elgar, R. J. DIMORPHISM IN A CAPTIVE FEMALE WHITE-NECKED JACOBIN /FLORISUGA MELLIVORA/. Avic. Mag.; 84 (3): 147-149. July-Sept. 1978. WR 173

Elgar, R. J. THE BREEDING OF A HYBRID HUMMINGBIRD BROWN VIOLETEAR X SPARKLING VIOLETEAR. Avic. Mag.; 83 (3): 130-134. July-Sept. 1977. WR 169

Elgar, R. J. NOTES ON THE STRIPE-BREASTED STARTHROAT HUMMINGBIRD /HELIOMASTER SQUAMOSUS/. Avic. Mag.; 82(2):83-84. Apr.-June 1976. WR 166

Elliston, Elizabeth P. SECURITY BEHAVIOR IN BLACK-CHINNED HUMMINGBIRD MOTHERS AND NESTLINGS. J. Wildl. Rehabil.; 18(2):3-4. 1995. WR 251

Elliston, Elizabeth P. and William H. Baltosser SEX RATIOS AND BILL GROWTH IN NESTLING BLACK-CHINNED HUMMINGBIRDS. West. Birds; 26(2):76-81. 1995. WR 251

Elliston, E. P. and M. A. Gillett USE OF VITALr IN A MAINTENANCE DIET FOR HUMMINGBIRDS. J. Wildl. Rehabil.; 17(2):14-17. 1994. WR 245

Eltzroth, M. S. (Elzy) DISTRIBUTION: CALLIOPE HUMMINGBIRD. Oreg. Birds; 10(2):61-64. 1984. WR 195

Eltzroth, M. S. and Elsie Eltzroth POSSIBLE ALLEN'S HUMMINGBIRD IN CORVALLIS. Oreg. Birds; 5(1):1-3. Feb. 1979. WR 188

Epp, Stacy Birch sap tree utilization by yellow-bellied sapsuckers, ruby-throated hummingbirds and red squirrels. J. Minn. Acad. Sci.; 60(2):31. 1996. ("64th Annual Meeting Minnesota Academy of Science, Hamline University, St. Paul, MN, April 26-27, 1996"; Olness, Alan, editor). abstract only.

Epting, Robert J. FUNCTIONAL DEPENDENCE OF THE POWER FOR HOVERING ON WING DISC LOADING IN HUMMINGBIRDS. Physiol. Zool.; 53(4):347-357. Oct. 1980. WR 180

Epting, Robert J. and Timothy M. Casey POWER OUTPUT AND WING DISC LOADING IN HOVERING HUMMINGBIRDS. Am. Nat.; 107(958):761-765. Nov.-Dec. 1973. WR 151:45

Erwin, Lou A. FIRST SIGHT RECORD OF RUFOUS HUMMINGBIRD IN TENNESSEE. Migrant; 57(4):98-99. 1986. WR 205

Escalante-Pliego, Patricia and A. Townsend Peterson GEOGRAPHIC VARIATION AND SPECIES LIMITS IN MIDDLE AMERICAN WOODNYMPHS (THALURANIA). Wilson Bull.; 104(2):205-219. 1992. In English with Spanish summ. WR 230

Evanich, Joe BROAD-TAILED HUMMINGBIRD: IDENTIFICATION AND STATUS IN OREGON. Oreg. Birds; 7(3):126-130. 1981. WR 184

Evans, Matthew R.; Thais L. F. Martins and Michael P. Haley INTER- AND INTRA-SEXUAL PATTERNS OF FLUCTUATING ASYMMETRY IN THE RED-BILLED STREAMERTAIL: SHOULD SYMMETRY ALWAYS INCREASE WITH ORNAMENT SIZE? Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol.; 37(1):15-23. 1995. WR 251

Evans, Matthew R.; Thais L. F. Martins and M. Haley THE ASYMMETRICAL COST OF TAIL ELONGATION IN RED-BILLED STREAMERTAILS. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B Biol. Sci.; 256(1345):97-103. 1994. WR 243

Ewald, Paul W. INFLUENCE OF ASYMMETRIES IN RESOURCE QUALITY AND AGE ON AGGRESSION AND DOMINANCE IN BLACK-CHINNED HUMMINGBIRDS. Anim. Behav.; 33(3):705-719. 1985. WR 199

Ewald, Paul W., HUMMINGBIRDS; THE NECTAR CONNECTION, National Geographic 161(2): 223-227, 1982

Ewald, Paul William TERRITORIALITY, FORAGING AND SOCIAL STRUCTURE OF NONBREEDING HUMMINGBIRDS. Ph.D. dissertation, Univ. Wash.; 112p. 1980. From Diss. Abstr. Int. B Sci. Eng. 41(5):1631. Nov. 1980. WR 180

Ewald, Paul W., THE HUMMINGBIRD AND THE CALORIE, Natural History, 1979

Ewald, Paul W. and Raymond J. Bransfield TERRITORY QUALITY AND TERRITORIAL BEHAVIOR IN TWO SYMPATRIC SPECIES OF HUMMINGBIRDS. Behav. Ecol.Sociobiol.; 20(4):285-293. 1987. WR 206

Ewald, Paul W. and Carpenter, F. Lynn TERRITORIAL RESPONSES TO ENERGY MANIPULATIONS IN THE ANNA HUMMINGBIRD. Oecologia (Berl.); 31 (3): 277-292. 5 Jan. 1978. WR 169

Ewald, Paul W. and Gordon H. Orians EFFECTS OF RESOURCE DEPRESSION ON USE OF INEXPENSIVE AND ESCALATED AGGRESSIVE BEHAVIOR: EXPERIMENTAL TESTS USING ANNA HUMMINGBIRDS. Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol.; 12(2):95-101. 1983. WR 190

Ewald, Paul W. and Sievert Rohwer AGE, COLORATION AND DOMINANCE IN NONBREEDING HUMMINGBIRDS: A TEST OF THE ASYMMETRY HYPOTHESIS. Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol.; 7(4):273-279. 1980. WR 182

Ewald, Paul W. and William A. Williams FUNCTION OF THE BILL AND TONGUE IN NECTAR UPTAKE BY HUMMINGBIRDS. Auk; 99(3):573-576. July 1982. WR187

Fain, A. NOTES ON THE FLOWER MITES OF THE GENUS RHINOSEIUS BAKER AND YUNKER, 1964 (ACARI: ASCIDAE), PHORETIC IN THE NARES OF HUMMINGBIRDS WITH A KEY TO THE KNOWN SPECIES. Bull. Inst. R. Sci. Nat. Belg. Entomol.; Vol. 62. p. 117-136. 1992. In English with French summ. WR 241

Fall, Bruce A. MINNESOTA'S FIRST CALLIOPE HUMMINGBIRD: IDENTIFICATION NOTES. Loon; 67(1):6-8. 1995. WR 252

Fan, Li; Paul Gardner; Shu Jin Chan and Donald F. Steiner CLONING AND ANALYSIS OF THE GENE ENCODING HUMMINGBIRD PROINSULIN. Gen. Comp. Endocrinol.; 91(1):25-30. 1993. WR 238

Farji Brener, Alejandro Gustavo FORAGING OF THE HUMMINGBIRD SELASPHORUS FLAMMULA IN RELATION TO SIZE AND DISTRIBUTION OF FLORAL PATCHES. Rev. Biol. Trop.; 39(1):169-172. 1991. In Spanish with English summ. WR 230

Feinsinger, Peter ASYNCHRONOUS MIGRATION PATTERNS AND THE COEXISTENCE OF TROPICAL HUMMINGBIRDS. Migrant Birds in the Neotropics: Ecology, Behavior, Distribution, and Conservation. Allen Keast and Eugene S. Morton, editors.; p. 411-419. 1980. WR 196

Feinsinger, Peter ECOLOGICAL INTERACTIONS BETWEEN PLANTS AND HUMMINGBIRDS IN A SUCCESSIONAL TROPICAL COMMUNITY. Ecol. Monogr.; 48 (3): 269-287. 1978. WR 173

Feinsinger, Peter NOTES ON THE HUMMINGBIRDS OF MONTEVERDE, CORDILLERA DE TILARAN, COSTA RICA. Wilson Bull.; 89(1):159-164. Mar. 1977.WR 166

Feinsinger, Peter ORGANIZATION OF A TROPICAL GUILD OF NECTARIVOROUS BIRDS. Ecol. Monogr.; 46 (3): 257-291. 1976. WR 163

Feinsinger, Peter ORGANIZATION OF A TROPICAL GUILD OF NECTIVOROUS BIRDS. Ph. D. dissertation, Cornell Univ.; 169p. 1974. From Diss. Abstr. Int. B Sci. Eng. 35(7), 1975. WR 161

Feinsinger, Peter; William H. Busby and K. Greg Murray SUCCESSION THEORY AND COMMUNITY ORGANIZATION OF HUMMINGBIRDS IN A TROPICAL CLOUD FOREST. Bull. Ecol. Soc. Am.; 65(2):60-61. June 1984. Abstract only. WR 195

Feinsinger, Peter and Susan Budd Chaplin, ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN WING DISC LOADING AND FORAGING STRATEGY IN HUMMINGBIRDS, The American Naturalist 109(966): 217-224, 1975

Feinsinger, Peter and Colwell, Robert K. COMMUNITY ORGANIZATION AMONG NEOTROPICAL NECTAR-FEEDING BIRDS. Am. Zool.; 18 (4): 779-795. 1978. WR 173

Feinsinger, Peter; Colwell, Robert K.; Terborgh, John and Chaplin, Susan Budd ELEVATION AND THE MORPHOLOGY, FLIGHT ENERGETICS, AND FORAGING ECOLOGY OF TROPICAL HUMMINGBIRDS. Am. Nat.; 113(4):481-497. Apr. 1979. WR 176

Feinsinger, Peter; K. Greg Murray; William H. Busby and Yan B. Linhart DIVERGENCE IN POLLEN PLACEMENT VERSUS DIVERGENCE IN FLOWERING SEASON AMONG SOME HUMMINGBIRD-POLLINATED PLANTS. Plant-Animal Interactions, American Institute of Biological Sciences 36th Annual Meeting, Beverly J. Rathche, organizer.; p. 12. 1984. Abstract only. WR 199

Feinsinger, Peter; K. Greg Murray; Sharon Kinsman and William H. Busby FLORAL NEIGHBORHOOD AND POLLINATION SUCCESS IN FOUR HUMMINGBIRD-POLLINATED CLOUD FOREST PLANT SPECIES. Ecology; 67(2):449-464. 1986. WR 202

Feinsinger, Peter and Lee Ann Swarm "ECOLOGICAL RELEASE," SEASONAL VARIATION IN FOOD SUPPLY, AND THE HUMMINGBIRD AMAZILIA TOBACI ONTRINIDAD AND TOBAGO. Ecology; 63(5):1574-1587. Oct. 1982. WR 187

Feinsinger, Peter and Lee Ann Swarm THE ROLE OF RESOURCE BOTTLENECKS IN THE FORAGING ECOLOGY OF POPULATIONS AND GUILDS: EXAMPLES WITH ISLAND HUMMINGBIRDS. Bull. Ecol. Soc. Am.; 62(2):76. June 1981. Abstract only. WR 194

Feinsinger, Peter; Lee Ann Swarm and James A. Wolfe NECTAR-FEEDING BIRDS ON TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO: COMPARISON OF DIVERSE AND DEPAUPERATE GUILDS. Ecol. Monogr.; 55(1):1-28. 1985. WR 197

Feinsinger, Peter and Harry M. Tiebout III. COMPETITION AMONG PLANTS SHARING HUMMINGBIRD POLLINATORS: LABORATORY EXPERIMENTS ON A MECHANISM. Ecology; 72(6):1946-1952. 1991. WR 228

Feinsinger, Peter; Harry M. Tiebout III and Bruce E. Young DO TROPICAL BIRD-POLLINATED PLANTS EXHIBIT DENSITY-DEPENDENT INTERACTIONS? FIELD EXPERIMENTS. Ecology; 72(6):1953-1963. 1991. WR 228

Feinsinger, Peter; Harry M. Tiebout III; Bruce E. Young and K. Greg Murray NEW PERSPECTIVES ON NEOTROPICAL PLANT-HUMMINGBIRD INTERACTIONS. Acta XX Congressus Internationalis Ornithologici. Ben D. Bell, R. O. Cossee, J. E. C. Flux, B. D. Heather, R. A. Hitchmough, C. J. R. Robertson, and M. J. Williams, editors.; Vol. III. p. 1605-1610. 1991. WR 231

Feinsinger, Peter; James A. Wolfe and Lee Ann Swarm ISLAND ECOLOGY: REDUCED HUMMINGBIRD DIVERSITY AND THE POLLINATION BIOLOGY OF PLANTS,TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO, WEST INDIES. Ecology; 63(2):494-506. Apr. 1982. WR 186

Fenster, Charles B. SELECTION ON FLORAL MORPHOLOGY BY HUMMINGBIRDS. Biotropica; 23(1):98-101. 1991. WR 224

Fiameni, Miguel A. THE GILDED HUMMINGBIRD (HYLOCHARIS CHRYSURA) IN NECOCHEA, BUENOS AIRES. Nuestras Aves; No. 25. p. 25. 1991. In Spanish. WR 246

Fintel, William A. and Sally W. Fintel RUFOUS HUMMINGBIRD AT LEWES, DELAWARE. Delmarva Ornithol.; No. 19. p. 13. 1986. WR 204

Fisk, Erma J.; Stevenson, Henry M. and Kale, Herbert W. II. RECORDS OF THE RUFOUS HUMMINGBIRD IN FLORIDA. Fla. Field Nat.; 6 (2): 23-26. 1978. WR 174

Fitzpatrick, John W.; Willard, David E. and Terborgh, John W. A NEW SPECIES OF HUMMINGBIRD FROM PERU. Wilson Bull.; 91 (2): 177-186. June 1979. WR 175

Fjeldsa, Jon and Cesar E. Barbosa C. A GIANT HUMMINGBIRD FROM PARAMO DE CHINGAZA, COLOMBIA. Wilson Bull.; 95(4):661-662. Dec. 1983. WR 193

Foy, Dorothy J. An update on documented occurrences of rufous hummingbirds in North Carolina (NABB 18:87-89) N. Am. Bird Bander; 20(3):128. 1995.

Foy, Dorothy J. DOCUMENTED OCCURRENCES OF RUFOUS HUMMINGBIRDS IN NORTH CAROLINA. N. Am. Bird Bander; 18(3):87-89. 1993. WR 249

Fraga, Rosendo M. INTERACTIONS BETWEEN NECTARIVOROUS BIRDS AND THE FLOWERS OF APHELANDRA SINCLAIRIANA IN PANAMA. J. Trop. Ecol.; 5(1):19-26. 1989. WR 214

Fraga, Rosendo M. BIOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF REPRODUCTION IN THE HUMMINGBIRD (CHLOROSTILBON AUREOVENTRIS). Hornero; 12(3):156-158. 1984. In Spanish with English summ. WR 210

Fraga, Rosendo M.; Samuel Narosky and Horacio Rodriguez Moulin A NEST OF THE PLANALTO HERMIT (PHAETORNIS PRETREI) FOUND NEAR TARTAGAL, SALTA, ARGENTINA. Hornero; 12(3):189-192. 1984. In Spanish with English summ. WR 210

Frank, James ANNA'S HUMMINGBIRD (CALYPTE ANNA): 2 DECEMBER 1990, WAUKESHA CO., WALES. Passenger Pigeon; 53(3):285. 1991. WR 228

Franks, Edwin C. SUCCESSFUL HUMMINGBIRD FEEDING. Ill. Audubon; No. 232. p. 14-16. 1990. WR 219

Franks, Edwin C. ANT, BEE, AND WASP CONTROL AT HUMMINGBIRD FEEDERS. Jack-Pine Warbler; 57 (2): 70-75. June 1979. WR 175

Franks, Edwin C. and Faries, Elizabeth T. A SIMPLE DIET FOR CAPTIVE RUBY-THROATED HUMMINGBIRDS /ARCHILOCHUS COLUBRIS/. Avic. Mag.; 83 (2): 75-76. Apr.-June 1977. WR 169

Friesen, Victor C. HUMMINGBIRD AND NON-FORAGING SAPSUCKER. Blue Jay; 45(2):110-111. 1987. WR 207

Frith, Clifford B.; Borgia, Gerald; Frith, Dawn W. Courts and courtship behaviour of Archbold's bowerbird Archboldia papuensis in Papua New Guinea. Ibis; 138(2):204-211. 1996. 6 fig.

Frith, Clifford B. and Dawn W. Frith THE NESTING BIOLOGY OF ARCHBOLD'S BOWERBIRD ARCHBOLDIA PAPUENSIS AND A REVIEW OF THAT OF OTHER BOWERBIRDS (PTILONORHYNCHIDAE). Ibis; 136(2):153-160. 1994. WR 243

Frith, C. B. and D. W. Frith DISCOVERY OF NESTS AND THE EGG OF ARCHBOLD'S BOWERBIRD ARCHBOLDIA PAPUENSIS (PTILONORHYNCHIDAE). Aust. Bird Watcher; 12(8):251-257. 1988. WR 213

Frith, Clifford B.; David Gibbs and Keith Turner THE TAXONOMIC STATUS OF POPULATIONS OF ARCHBOLD'S BOWERBIRD ARCHBOLDIA PAPUENSIS IN NEW GUINEA. Bull. Br. Ornithol. Club; 115(2):109-114. 1995. WR 251

Fritsch, Elisabeth and Karl-L. Schuchmann THE MUSCULUS SPLENIUS CAPITIS OF HUMMINGBIRDS TROCHILIDAE. Ibis; 130(1):124-132. 1988. WR 209

Fye, Walter L. HUMMINGBIRD NEST ON C.B. ANTENNA. Redstart; 51(3):98. July 1984. WR 195

Gamboa, George J. PREDATION ON RUFOUS HUMMINGBIRD BY WIED'S CRESTED FLYCATCHER. Auk; 94 (1): 147-158. Jan. 1977. WR 165

García, Giraldo Alayón EL ZUNZUN, CHLOROSTILBON RICORDII RICORDII (GERVAIS) (AVES: APODIFOREMS: TROCHILIDAE), DEPREDATOR EN ARANEAE (ARACHNIDA). [CUBAN EMERALD, CHLOROSTILBON RICORDII RICORDII (GERVAIS) (AVES: APODIFORMES: TROCHILIDAE), PREDATOR ON SPIDERS (ARACHNIDA). Acad. Cienc. Cuba Misc. Zool.; 9:2-3. 5 Nov. 1980. In Spanish. WR 185

Gass, Clifton Lee INFERRING EVOLUTIONARY HISTORY IN POLLINATION BIOLOGY. Proc. Int. Ornithol. Congr.; 19:528-536. 1988. WR 214

Gass, Clifton Lee TERRITORY REGULATION, TENURE, AND MIGRATION IN RUFOUS HUMMINGBIRDS. Can. J. Zool.; 57(4):914-923. Apr. 1979. In English with French summ. WR 174

Gass, Clifton Lee EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES OF FORAGING IN COMPLEX LABORATORY ENVIRONMENTS. Am. Zool.; 18 (4): 729-738. 1978. WR 173

Gass, Clifton Lee RUFOUS HUMMINGBIRD FEEDING TERRITORIALITY IN A SUBOPTIMAL HABITAT. Can. J. Zool.; 56 (7): 1535-1539. July 1978. In English with French summ. WR 171

Gass, Clifton Leroy FEEDING TERRITORIALITY IN POSTBREEDING MIGRATORY RUFOUS HUMMINGBIRDS. Ph. D. dissertation, Univ. Oreg.; 148p. 1974. From Diss. Abstr. Int. B Sci. Eng. 35(12), 1975. WR 161

Gass, Clifton Lee; Angehr, George and Centa, Janice REGULATION OF FOOD SUPPLY BY FEEDING TERRITORIALITY IN THE RUFOUS HUMMINGBIRD. Can. J. Zool.; 54 (12): 2046-2054. Dec. 1976. In English with French summ. WR 165

Gass, Clifton Lee and Kenneth P. Lertzman CAPRICIOUS MOUNTAIN WEATHER: A DRIVING VARIABLE IN HUMMINGBIRD TERRITORIAL DYNAMICS. Can. J. Zool.; 58(11):1964-1968. Nov. 1980. In English with French summ. WR 180

Gass, Clifton Lee and Robert D. Montgomerie HUMMINGBIRD FORAGING BEHAVIOR: DECISION-MAKING AND ENERGY REGULATION. Foraging Behavior: Ecological, Ethological and Psychological Approaches. Alan C. Kamil Theodore D. Sargent, editors.; p. 159-194. 1981. WR 200

Gass, Clifton Lee and W. Mark Roberts THE PROBLEM OF TEMPORAL SCALE IN OPTIMIZATION: THREE CONTRASTING VIEWS OF HUMMINGBIRD VISITS TO FLOWERS. Am. Nat.; 140(5):829-853. 1992. WR 233

Gass, Lee and Glenn Sutherland PROSPECTIVE USE OF MEMORY BY HUMMINGBIRDS. Int. Conf. Behav. Ecol.: Program & Abstr.; No. 2. p. 56. 1988. WR 231

Gass, Clifton Lee and Glenn D. Sutherland SPECIALIZATION BY TERRITORIAL HUMMINGBIRDS ON EXPERIMENTALLY ENRICHED PATCHES OF FLOWERS: ENERGETIC PROFITABILITY AND LEARNING. Can. J. Zool.; 63(9):2125-2133. 1985. In English with French summ. WR 200

Gaunt, S. L. L. Song displays, song dialects, and lek mating system in hummingbirds. J. Acoust. Soc. Am.; 99(4 pt.2):2532. 1996.

Gaunt, Sandra L. L.; Luis F. Baptista; Julio E. Sanchez and Daniel Hernandez SONG LEARNING AS EVIDENCED FROM SONG SHARING IN TWO HUMMINGBIRD SPECIES (COLIBRI CORUSCANS AND C. THALASSINUS). Auk; 111(1):87-103. 1994. WR 243

Gemlo, Lucy HAND-REARING SPARKLING VOILET-EARED HUMMINGBIRDS AT BROOKFIELD ZOO. Anim. Keepers' Forum; 9(3):56-58. Mar. 1982. WR 185

George, Chris D. POLLINATOR BEHAVIOR AND HYBRIDIZATION IN SYMPATRIC POPULATIONS OF PENSTEMON SPECTABILIS AND PENSTEMON CENTRANTHIFOLIUS. M.S. thesis, Calif. State Polytechnic Univ. (Pomona); 94p. 1974. WR 219

George, Mary Wissink HUMMINGBIRD FORAGING BEHAVIOR AT MALVAVISCUS ARBOREUS VAR DRUMMONDII. Auk. . Auk; 97(4):790-794. Oct. 1980. WR 180

George, T. Luke GREATER LAND BIRD DENSITIES ON ISLAND VS. MAINLAND: RELATION TO NEST PREDATION LEVEL. Ecology; 68(5):1393-1400. 1987. WR 208

Gerwin, John A. and Robert M. Zink PHYLOGENETIC PATTERNS IN THE GENUS HELIODOXA (AVES: TROCHILIDAE): AN ALLOZYMIC PERSPECTIVE. Wilson Bull.; 101(4):525-544. 1989. WR 217

Gifford, Jerome L. SOME UNUSUAL HUMMINGBIRD SIGHTINGS FROM UTAH. Utah Birds; 2(3):65-72. 1986. WR 205

Gill, Frank B. TRAPLINE FORAGING BY HERMIT HUMMINGBIRDS: COMPETITION FOR AN UNDEFENDED, RENEWABLE RESOURCE. Ecology; 69(6):1933-1942. 1988. WR 212

Gill, Frank B. ECOLOGICAL FITTING: USE OF FLORAL NECTAR IN HELICONIA STILESII DANIELS BY THREE SPECIES OF HERMIT HUMMINGBIRDS. Condor; 89(4):779-787. 1987. WR 208

Gill, Frank B. HUMMINGBIRD FLIGHT SPEEDS. Auk; 102(1):97-101. 1985. WR 197

Gill, Frank B., PROXIMATE COSTS OF COMPETITION FOR NECTAR, Amer. Zool. 18: 753-763, 1978

Gill, Frank B.; Andrew L. Mack and Russell T. Ray COMPETITION BETWEEN HERMIT HUMMINGBIRDS PHAETHORNINAE AND INSECTS FOR NECTAR IN A COSTA RICAN RAIN FOREST. Ibis; 124(1):44-49. Jan. 1982. WR 185

Gill, Frank B.; F. J. Stokes and C. Stokes CONTACT ZONES AND HYBRIDIZATION IN THE JAMAICAN HUMMINGBIRD, TROCHILUS POLYTMUS (L.). Condor; 75(2):170-176. 1973. WR 150:93

Goertz, John W.; Angela S. Morris and Stephen M. Morris RUBY-THROATED HUMMINGBIRDS FEED AT NIGHT WITH THE AID OF ARTIFICIAL LIGHT. Wilson Bull.; 92(3):398-399. Sept. 1980. WR 180

Goetz, Ronald E. ILLINOIS' FIRST SELASPHORUS HUMMINGBIRD: AN IDENTIFICATION PROBLEM. Ill. Birds Birding; 3(3):56-59. 1987. WR 209

Gohier, Francois PORTRAIT OF ANNA'S HUMMINGBIRD. Anim. Kingdom; 89(3):30-33. 1986. WR 203

Goldberg, Tony L. and Paul W. Ewald TERRITORIAL SONG IN THE ANNA'S HUMMINGBIRD, CALYPTE ANNA: COSTS OF ATTRACTION AND BENEFITS OF DETERRENCE. Anim. Behav.; 42(2):221-226. 1991. WR 227

Goldsmith, Kenneth M. and Timothy H. Goldsmith SENSE OF SMELL IN THE BLACK-CHINNED HUMMINGBIRD. Condor; 84(2):237-238. May 1982. WR 186

Goldsmith, Timothy H. HUMMINGBIRDS SEE NEAR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT. Science; 207(4432):786-788. 15 Feb. 1980. WR 177

Goldsmith, Timothy H.; James S. Collins and Dan L. Perlman A WAVELENGTH DISCRIMINATION FUNCTION FOR THE HUMINGBIRD ARCHILOCHUS ALEXANDRI. J. Comp. Physiol. A Sens. Neural Behav. Physiol.; 143(1):103-110. June 1981. WR 183

Goldsmith, Timothy H. and Goldsmith, Kenneth M. DISCRIMINATION OF COLORS BY THE BLACK-CHINNED HUMMINGBIRD, /ARCHILOCHUS ALEXANDRI/. J. Comp. Physiol. A Sens. Neural Behav. Physiol.; 130 (3): 209-220. 20 Apr. 1979. WR 174

Graefe, Richard F. HUMMINGBIRDS IN A HURRICANE. Bird Observ.; 19(6):307-308. 1991. WR 228

Graham, Devon L. Spider webs and windows as potentially important sources of hummingbird mortality. [ Telas de araña y ventanas como fuentes potenciales de mortalidad para zumbadores. ] J. Field Ornithol.; 68(1):98-101. 1997.

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Grant, Verne HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF ORNITHOPHILY IN THE WESTERN NORTH AMERICAN FLORA. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.; 91(22):10407-10411. 1994. WR 246

Graves, Gary R. Diagnoses of hybrid hummingbirds (Aves: Trochilidae). 2. Hybrid origin of Eriocnemis soderstromi Butler. Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash.; 109(4):764-769. 1996.

Graves, Gary R. RELIC OF A LOST WORLD: A NEW SPECIES OF SUNANGEL (TROCHILIDAE: HELIANGELUS) FROM "BOGOTA". Auk; 110(1):1-8. 1993. WR 236

Graves, Gary R. TAXONOMIC STATUS OF THE SWORD-BILLED HUMMINGBIRD ENSIFERA ENSIFERA CAERULESCENS. Bull. Br. Ornithol. Club; 111(3):139-140. 1991. WR 227

Graves, Gary R. SYSTEMATICS OF THE "GREEN-THROATED SUNANGELS" (AVES: TROCHILIDAE): VALID TAXA OR HYBRIDS? Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash.; 103(1):6-25. 1990. WR 218

Graves, Gary R. SYSTEMATICS OF THE GORGETED WOODSTARS (AVES: TROCHILIDAE: ACESTRURA). Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash.; 99(2):218-224. 1986. WR 202

Graves, Gary R. A NEW SUBSPECIES OF COPPERY METALTAIL (METALLURA THERESIAE) FROM NORTHERN PERU. Auk; 98(2):382. Apr. 1981. WR 182

Graves, Gary R. A NEW SPECIES OF METALTAIL HUMMINGBIRD FROM NORTHERN PERU. Wilson Bull.; 92(1):1-7. Mar. 1980. WR 178

Graves, Gary R. PREDATION ON HUMMINGBIRD BY OROPENDOLA. Condor; 80 (2): 251. 1978. WR 172

Graves, Gary R.; Newfield, Nancy L. Diagnoses of hybrid hummingbirds (Aves: Trochilidae). 1. Characterization of Calypte anna X Stellula calliope and the possible effects of egg volume on hybridization potential. Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash.; 109(4):755-763. 1996.

Graves, Gary R. and Storrs L. Olson CHLOROSTILBON BRACEI LAWRENCE, AN EXTINCT SPECIES OF HUMMINGBIRD FROM NEW PROVIDENCE ISLAND, BAHAMAS. Auk; 104(2):296-302. 1987. WR 206

Graves, Gary R. and Richard L. Zusi AN INTERGENERIC HYBRID HUMMINGBIRD (HELIODOXA LEADBEATERI X HELIANGELUS AMETHYSTICOLLIS) FROM NORTHERN COLOMBIA. Condor; 92(3):754-760. 1990. WR 221

Green, Ruth C. RUFOUS HUMMINGBIRD. Nebr. Bird Rev.; 62(3):123. 1994. WR 247

Greenberg, Russell; Claudia Macias Caballero and Peter Bichier DEFENSE OF HOMOPTERAN HONEYDEW BY BIRDS IN THE MEXICAN HIGHLANDS AND OTHER WARM TEMPERATE FORESTS. Oikos; 68(3):519-524. 1993. WR 241

Grummt, Wolfgang KEEPING AND BREEDING COLIBRI CORUSCANS (GOULD, 1846), IN THE BERLIN-FRIEDRICHSFELDE ZOO. Zool. Gart.; 61(4):213-224. 1991. In German. WR 229

Guiguet, C. J. FIRST SPECIMEN RECORD OF ANNA'S HUMMINGBIRD FOR CANADA. Murrelet; 49(1):9. Jan.-Apr. 1968. WR 189

Gustafson, Dennis Rufous hummingbird (Selasphorus rufus), 10 August 1994, Washington County. Passenger Pigeon; 57(2):125-126. 1995.

Haberyan, Henry D. and Harry E. LeGrand, Jr. ADULT MALE RUFOUS HUMMINGBIRD PHOTOGRAPHED IN NORTH CAROLINA. Chat; 51(2):50-51. 1987. WR 206

Hainebach, Kem FIRST RECORDS OF XANTUS' HUMMINGBIRD IN CALIFORNIA. West. Birds; 23(3):133-136. 1992. WR 232

Hainsworth, F. Reed EVALUATING MODELS OF CROP EMPTYING IN

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Hainsworth, F. Reed WHY HUMMINGBIRDS HOVER: A COMMENTARY. Auk; 103(4):832-833. 1986. WR 204

Hainsworth, F. Reed ENERGY REGULATION IN HUMMINGBIRDS. Am. Sci.; 69(4):420-428. July-Aug. 1981. WR 194

Hainsworth, F. Reed FEEDING: MODELS OF COSTS AND BENEFITS IN ENERGY REGULATION. Am. Zool.; 18 (4): 701-714. 1978. WR 173

Hainsworth, F. Reed FORAGING EFFICIENCY AND PARENTAL CARE IN /COLIBRI CORUSCANS/. Condor; 79(1):69-75. 1977. WR 167

Hainsworth, F. Reed FOOD QUALITY AND FORAGING EFFICIENCY: THE EFFICIENCY OF SUGAR ASSIMILATION BY HUMMINGBIRDS. J. Comp. Physiol.; 88(4):425-431. 1974. From Biol. Abstr. 58(4), 1974. WR 154:37

Hainsworth, F. Reed; Collins, Brian G. and Wolf, Larry L. THE FUNCTION OF TORPOR IN HUMMINGBIRDS. Physiol. Zool.; 50 (3): 215-222. July 1977. WR 167

Hainsworth, F. Reed; Theresa Mercier and Larry L. Wolf FLORAL ARRANGEMENTS AND HUMMINGBIRD FEEDING. Oecologia (Berl.); 58(2):225-229. May 1983. WR 192

Hainsworth, F. Reed; Mark F. Tardiff and Larry L. Wolf PROPORTIONAL CONTROL FOR DAILY ENERGY REGULATION IN HUMMINGBIRDS. Physiol. Zool.; 54(4):452-462. Oct. 1981. WR

Hainsworth, Reed and Larry Wolf HUMMINGBIRD FEEDING. Wild Bird; 7(5):46-52. 1993. WR 236

Hainsworth, F. Reed and Wolf, Larry L. REGULATION OF METABOLISM DURING TORPOR IN "TEMPERATE" ZONE HUMMINGBIRDS. Auk; 95 (1): 197-199. Jan. 1978. WR 169 WR 184

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Hainsworth, F. Reed and Larry L. Wolf POWER FOR HOVERING FLIGHT IN RELATION TO BODY SIZE IN HUMMINGBIRDS. Am. Nat.; 106(951):589-596. 1972. From Biol. Abstr. 55(10), 1973. WR 149:63

Hakansson, Gosta INCUBATING REDSHANK, /TRINGA TOTANUS/, WARMING YOUNG OF AVOCET, /AVOCETTA RECURVIROSTRA/. [ RODBENA VARMER UNGAR AV SKARFLACKA. ] Var Fagelvarld; 37(2):137-138. 1978. In Swedish with English summ. WR 171

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Hammond-Kaarremaa, Liz To catch a hummingbird. Beautiful B.C. Mag.; 39(1):33-35. 1997.

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Hardy, Maybelle ALLEN'S OR RUFOUS HUMMINGBIRD (SELASPHORUS SP.), 12 JUNE 1993, ASHLAND COUNTY. Passenger Pigeon; 57(1):53-54. 1995. WR 250

Harger, Margaret and David Lyon FURTHER OBSERVATIONS OF LEK BEHAVIOUR OF THE GREEN HERMIT HUMMINGBIRD PHAETHORNIS GUY AT MONTEVERDE, COSTA RICA. Ibis; 122(4):525-530. Oct. 1980. WR 180

Harms, Kyle E. and Jorge A. Ahumada OBSERVATIONS OF AN ADULT HUMMINGBIRD PROVISIONING AN INCUBATING ADULT. Wilson Bull.; 104(2):369-370. 1992. WR 230

Harris, Bruce FIRST CONFIRMED NESTING OF THE RUBY-THROATED HUMMINGBIRD IN SOUTH DAKOTA. S.D. Bird Notes; 39(3):66-67. 1987. WR 207

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Harris-Haller, Tonna and Stanley W. Harris EXPERIMENTS WITH ALLEN'S AND ANNA'S HUMMINGBIRDS AT SUGAR WATER FEEDERS IN SPRING. West. Birds; 22(4):175-188. 1991. WR 228

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Heinemann, Dennis THE EXPLOITATIVE EXCLUSION OF A VERTEBRATE BY INSECTS FROM A SHARED NECTAR RESOURCE. Bull. Ecol. Soc. Am.; 65(2):234. June 1984. Abstract only. WR 195

Hesse, Maria and Willi Hesse PROPAGATION AND MAINTENANCE OF RHODOPIS VESPER. Gefiederte Welt; 110(4):94-96. 1986. In German. WR 202

Hesse, Maria and Willi Hesse THE BREEDING OF THE VIOLET-TAILED SYLPH AGLAIOCERCUS COELESTIS. [ DIE ZUCHT DER VIOLETTSCHWANZSYLPHE (AGLAIOCERCUS COELESTIS). ] Gefiederte Welt; 106(7):208-210. July 1982. In German. WR 187

Hewes, June and Anita McCoy TWO PARTLY ALBINISTIC HUMMINGBIRDS IN COMANCHE COUNTY, OKLAHOMA. Bull. Okla. Ornithol. Soc.; 24(4):33-34. 1991. WR 230

Heyneman, Amy Jo. SELECTIVE USE OF FLORAL NECTARS BY HUMMINGBIRDS AND HUMMINGBIRD FLOWER MITES. Ph.D. dissertation, Univ. Calif.(Berkeley); 184p. 1985. From Diss. Abstr. Int. B Sci. Eng. 47(3):902. 1986. WR 203

Hiebert, Sara SEASONAL CHANGES IN BODY MASS AND USE OF TORPOR IN A MIGRATORY HUMMINGBIRD. Auk; 110(4):787-797. 1993. WR 243

Hiebert, Sara M. TIME-DEPENDENT THRESHOLDS FOR TORPOR INITIATION IN THE RUFOUS HUMMINGBIRD (SELASPHORUS RUFUS). J. Comp. Physiol. B Biochem. Syst. Environ. Physiol.; 162(3):249-255. 1992. WR 230

Hiebert, Sara M., SEASONAL DIFFERENCES IN THE RESPONSE OF RUFOUS HUMMINGBIRDS TO FOOD RESTRICTION: BODY MASS AND THE USE OF TORPOR, The Condor 93: 516-537, 1991

Hiebert, Sara Marie TORPOR IN THE RUFOUS HUMMINGBIRD (SELASPHORUS RUFUS). Ph.D. dissertation, Univ. Wash.; 1989. From Diss.Abstr. Int. B Sci. Eng. 50(9):3877. 1990. WR 218

Hiebert, Sara M. ENERGY COSTS AND TEMPORAL ORGANIZATION OF TORPOR IN THE RUFOUS HUMMINGBIRD (SELASPHORUS RUFUS). Physiol. Zool.; 63(6):1082-1097. 1990. WR 222

Hiebert, S. M. SLIDING THRESHOLDS OF ENERGY RESERVES FOR TORPOR INITIATION IN THE RUFOUS HUMMINGBIRD. Am. Zool.; 28(4):127A. 1988. Abstract only. WR 212

Hiebert, S. M. and W. A. Calder III. THE OSMOREGULATORY CONSEQUENCES OF NECTARIVORY AND FRUGIVORY IN HUMMINGBIRDS AND OTHER SPECIES. Proc. Int. Ornithol. Congr.; 19:1498-1505. 1988. WR 214

Hiebert, Sara M. and William A. Calder, III,SODIUM, POTASSIUM, AND CHLORIDE IN FLORAL NECTARS: ENERGY-FREE CONTRIBUTIONS TO REFRACTIVE INDEX AND SALT BALANCE, Ecology 64(2): 399-401, 1983

Hilton, Bill, Jr. Hawk Mountain hummingbirds. WildBird; 11(5):27-29. 1997.

Hilton, Bill, Jr. SEX RATIOS IN PIEDMONT, SOUTH CAROLINA, RUBY-THROATED HUMMINGBIRDS (ARCHILOCHUS COLUBRIS). Bull. S.C. Acad. Sci.; 52:63-64. 1990. Abstract only. WR 221

Hilton, Jean and George Hilton RUFOUS HUMMINGBIRD SIGHTING. Blue Jay; 43(1):54-55. 1985. WR 197

Hilty, Steven L. YEAR-ROUND ATTENDANCE OF WHITE-WHISKERED AND LITTLE HERMITS, /PHAETHORNIS/ SPP. AT SINGING ASSEMBLIES IN COLOMBIA. Ibis; 117(3):382-384. July 1975. WR 160

Hinkelmann, Christoph Evidence of natural hybridisation in hermit hummingbirds (Phaethornis spp.) Bull. Br. Ornithol. Club; 116(1):5-14. 1996. 5 fig.; 1 tab.

Hinkelmann, Christoph BIOGEOGRAPHY AND SYSTEMATICS IN TROPICAL HUMMINGBIRDS (TROCHILIDAE). Proceedings of the International Centennial Meeting of the Deutsche Ornithologen-Gesellschaft. Current Topics in Avian Biology. R. van den Elzen, K.-L. Schuchmann, and K. Schmidt-Koenig, editors.; p. 25-30. 1990. In German with English summ. WR 232

Hinkelmann, Christoph IMPORTANCE OF ECOLOGICAL FACTORS IN HERMIT HUMMINGBIRD (AVES: TROCHILIDAE) BIOGEOGRAPHY. Vertebrates in theTropics. Gustav Peters and Rainer Hutterer, editors.; p. 373-380. 1990. WR 223

Hinkelmann, Christoph NOTES ON THE TAXONOMY AND GEOGRAPHIC VARIATION OF PHAETHORNIS BOURCIERI (AVES: TROCHILIDAE) WITH THE DESCRIPTION OF A NEW SUBSPECIES. Bonn. Zool. Beitr.; 40(2):99-107. 1989. In English with German summ. WR 216

Hinkelmann, Christoph COMMENTS ON RECENTLY DESCRIBED NEW SPECIES OF HERMIT HUMMINGBIRDS. Bull. Br. Ornithol. Club; 108(4):159-169. 1988. WR 214

Hinkelmann, Christoph ON THE IDENTITY OF PHAETHORNIS MARANHAOENSIS GRANTSAU, 1968 (TROCHILIDAE). Bull. Br. Ornithol. Club; 108(1):14-18. 1988. WR 210

Hinkelmann, Christoph; Bernd Nicolai and Robert W. Dickerman NOTES ON A HITHERTO UNKNOWN SPECIMEN OF NEOLESBIA NEHRKORNI (BERLEPSCH, 1887; TROCHILIDAE) WITH A DISCUSSION OF THE HYBRID ORIGIN OF THIS 'SPECIES'. Bull. Br. Ornithol. Club; 111(4):190-199. 1991. WR 228

Hixon, Mark A. and F. Lynn Carpenter DISTINGUISHING ENERGY MAXIMIZERS FROM TIME MINIMIZERS: A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF TWO HUMMINGBIRD SPECIES. Am. Zool.; 28(3):913-925. 1988. WR 211

Hixon, Mark A.; F. Lynn Carpenter and David C. Paton TERRITORY AREA, FLOWER DENSITY, AND TIME BUDGETING IN HUMMINGBIRDS: AN EXPERIMENTAL ANDTHEORETICAL ANALYSIS. Am. Nat.; 122(3):366-391. Sept. 1983. WR 192

Hjort, Richard and Marlys Hjort IMMATURE ANNA'S HUMMINGBIRD IN SOUTHERN CHISAGO COUNTY. Loon; 66(1):4-5. 1994. WR 242

Hoffman, Ken and Molly Hoffman AN ANNA'S HUMMINGBIRD IN MINNESOTA. Loon; 63(4):225-231. 1991. WR 229

Hooker, Melvin T. SOME OBSERVATIONS ON THE RUBY-THROATED HUMMINGBIRD MIGRATION THROUGH THE ALLEGHENY FRONT OF WEST VIRGINIA. Redstart; 57(2):50-54. 1990. WR 220

Houston, Alasdair I. and David C. Krakauer HUMMINGBIRDS AS NET RATE MAXIMISERS. Oecologia (Heidelb.); 94(1):135-138. 1993. WR 237

Howe, H. Branch, Jr. FIRST RECORD OF THE RUFOUS HUMMINGBIRD IN GEORGIA. Oriole; 44(1):7-8. Mar. 1979. WR 179

Howell, Steve N. G. A TAXONOMIC REVIEW OF THE GREEN-FRONTED HUMMINGBIRD. Bull. Br. Ornithol. Club; 113(3):179-187. 1993. WR 239

Howell, Steve N. G. THE SHORT-CRESTED COQUETTE: MEXICO'S LEAST-KNOWN ENDEMIC. Birding; 24(2):86-91. 1992. WR 229

Howell, Steve N. G. and Sophie Webb NOTES ON THE HONDURAN EMERALD. Wilson Bull.; 101(4):642-643. 1989. WR 217

Hubbard, John P. and A. L. Gennaro RUBY-THROATED HUMMINGBIRD IN NEW MEXICO. Am. Birds; 39(2):134. 1985. WR 199

Hudson, Peter J. OBSERVATIONS ON NESTLINGS OF THE LONG-TAILED HERMIT PHAETHORNIS SUPERCILIOSUS. Bull. Br. Ornithol. Club; 104(3):97-99. 1984. WR 196

Hudson, P. J. and A. M. Sugden INFLORESCENCE PRODUCTION BY BROWNEA ROSA-DE-MONTE (LEGUMINOSAE) AND FEEDING BEHAVIOUR OF THE LONG-TAILED HERMIT PHAETHORNIS SUPERCILIOSUS. Ibis; 126(3):416-420. July 1984. WR 195

Hughes, R. A. MIDWINTER BREEDING BY SOME BIRDS IN THE HIGH ANDES OF SOUTHERN PERU. Condor; 82(2):229. May 1980. WR 179

Hull, Christopher N.; Mary Lou Wercinski; Everett D. Lake; Shirley Lake and Bruce V. Wilson FIRST AND SECOND DOCUMENTED RECORDS OF RUFOUS HUMMINGBIRD IN MICHIGAN. Jack-Pine Warbler; 67(3):94-96. 1989. WR 217

Hurlbert, Allen H.; Hosoi, S. Aki; Temeles, Ethan J.; Ewald, Paul W.* Mobility of Impatiens capensis flowers: effect on pollen deposition and hummingbird foraging. Oecologia (Heidelb.); 105(2):243-246. 1996.

Hurly, T. Andrew Spatial memory in rufous hummingbirds: memory for rewarded and non-rewarded sites. Anim. Behav.; 51(1):177-183. 1996.

Hurly, T. Andrew; Healy, Susan D.* Memory for flowers in rufous hummingbirds: location or local visual cues? Anim. Behav.; 51(5):1149-1157. 1996. 3 fig.; 1 tab.

Hutton, E. E.; E. M. Olliver and Tom Allen RUFOUS HUMMINGBIRD: A NEW SPECIES FOR WEST VIRGINIA. Redstart; 56(2):38-40. 1989. WR 215

Inouye, David W.; William A. Calder and Nickolas M. Waser THE EFFECT OF FLORAL ABUNDANCE ON FEEDER CENSUSES OF HUMMINGBIRD POPULATIONS. Condor; 93(2):279-285. 1991. WR 233

Ioale, Paolo and Floriano Papi OLFACTORY BULB SIZE, ODOR DISCRIMINATION AND MAGNETIC INSENSITIVITY IN HUMMINGBIRDS. Physiol. Behav.; 45(5):995-999. 1989. WR 214

Jackson, Greg D. FIRST OCCURRENCE OF BLACK-CHINNED HUMMINGBIRD IN ALABAMA. Am. Birds; 42(2):178-179. 1988. WR 211

Jacobi, Warren and Peggy Jacobi WHY HUMMINGBIRDS LIKE RED. Environ. Southwest; 480:8-11. 1979. From Ecol. Abstr. 1980/4:80L/4883. 1980. WR 181

Janssen, Robert B. MINNESOTA'S THIRD MAGNIFICENT HUMMINGBIRD. Loon; 67(1):57. 1995. WR 252

Jenssen, Robert B. A NOVEMBER HUMMINGBIRD IN RED WING. Loon; 66(4):213. 1994-95. WR 248

Janssen, Robert B. MINNESOTA'S SECOND ANNA'S HUMMINGBIRD. Loon; 66(1):5-7. 1994. WR 242

Janssen, Robert B. A RUFOUS HUMMINGBIRD NEAR NORTH BRANCH. Loon; 62(3):170. 1990. WR 222

Janssen, Robert B. RUFOUS HUMMINGBIRD IN WABASHA COUNTY. Loon; 58(4):200-201. 1986. WR 205

Johansen, K.; M. Berger; J. E. P. W. Bicudo; A. Ruschi and P. J. de Almeida RESPIRATORY PROPERTIES OF BLOOD AND MYOGLOBIN IN HUMMINGBIRDS. Physiol. Zool.; 60(2):269-278. 1987. WR 205

Johnson, James C. 1970 RUBY-THROATED HUMMINGBIRD ACTIVITIES. Inl. Bird Banding News; 44(6):211-224. Nov.-Dec. 1972. WR 148:67

Johnson, James C. RUBY-THROATED HUMMINGBIRD STUDIES. PART III: PROCEDURES FOR TRAPPING AND BANDING HUMMINGBIRDS. Inl. Bird Banding News; 42(5):163-169. 1970. From Biol. Abstr. 52(15), 1971. WR 143:53

Johnson, Jerome A. and Ziegler, Fred R. A VIOLET-CROWNED HUMMINGBIRD IN CALIFORNIA. West. Birds; 9 (2): 91-92. 1978. WR 173

Johnson, Ned K. and Garrett, Kimball L. INTERIOR BIRD SPECIES EXPAND BREEDING RANGES INTO SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA. West. Birds; 5(2):45-56. 1974. WR 162

Jones, C. Eugene and R. John Little; editors HANDBOOK OF EXPERIMENTAL POLLINATION BIOLOGY. Van Nostrand Reinhold Co., Inc.; xviii + 558p. 1983. WR 192

Jones, Elinor G. THROAT PATTERNS OF FEMALE RUFOUS HUMMINGBIRDS. N. Am. Bird Bander; 18(1):13-14. 1993. WR 249

Jones, Elinor G. COLOR VARIATION IN MATURING MALE RUFOUS HUMMINGBIRDS. N. Am. Bird Bander; 17(3):119-120. 1992. WR 249

Kalin Arroyo, M. T.; R. Primack and J. Armesto COMMUNITY STUDIES IN POLLINATION ECOLOGY IN THE HIGH TEMPERATE ANDES OF CENTRAL CHILE. I. POLLINATION MECHANISMS AND ALTITUDINAL VARIATION. Am. J. Bot.; 69(1):82-97. 1982. From Ecol. Abstr. 1982/6:82L/7952. 1982. WR 192

Karasov, William H.; Duong Phan; Jared M. Diamond and F. Lynn Carpenter FOOD PASSAGE AND INTESTINAL NUTRIENT ABSORPTION IN HUMMINGBIRDS. Auk; 103(3):453-464. 1986. WR 203

Kashin, G. N. OF THE NAME OF ONE GENERA OF HUMMINGBIRDS. Ornitologiya; 16:167-168. 1981. In Russian. WR 185

Kattan, Gustavo and Carolina Murcia HUMMINGBIRD ASSOCIATION WITH ACORN WOODPECKER SAP TREES IN COLOMBIA. Condor; 87(4):542-543. 1985. WR 200

Kaufman, Kenn THE PRACTICED EYE: LUCIFER HUMMINGBIRD IDENTIFICATION. Am. Birds; 46(3):491-494. 1992. WR 234

Kevan, Peter G.; Sherrene D. St. Helens and Irene Baker HUMMINGBIRDS FEEDING FROM EXUDATES ON DISEASED SCRUB OAK. Condor; 85(2):251-252. May 1983. WR 190

King, J. R. NOTES ON THE BIRDS OF THE RIO MAZAN VALLEY, AZUAY PROVINCE, ECUADOR, WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO LEPTOSITTACA BRANICKII, HAPALOPSITTACA AMAZONINA PYRRHOPS, AND METALLURA BARONI. Bull. Br. Ornithol. Club; 109(3):140-146. 1989. WR 216

King, J. R. and S. J. Holloway NOTES ON THE GIANT HUMMINGBIRD PATAGONA GIGAS IN SOUTHERN ECUADOR. Bull. Br. Ornithol. Club; 110(2):79-80. 1990. WR 220

Kingsolver, Joel G. and Thomas L. Daniel MECHANICAL DETERMINANTS OF NECTAR FEEDING STRATEGY IN HUMMINGBIRDS: ENERGETICS, TONGUE MORPHOLOGY, AND LICKING BEHAVIOR. Oecologia (Berl.); 60(2):214-226. 1983. WR 195

Kingsolver, Joel G. and Thomas L. Daniel MECHANICAL DETERMINANTS OF NECTAR FEEDING STRATEGIES IN HUMMINGBIRDS. Bull. Ecol. Soc.Am.; 63(2):84. June 1982. Abstract only. WR 194

Kinsman, Sharon THE EFFECT OF HETEROSPECIFIC POLLEN ON FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE FUNCTION IN HUMMINGBIRD-POLLINATED PLANTS. Bull. Ecol. Soc. Am.; 65(2):61. June 1984. Abstract only. WR 195

Klaassen, Marcel; Lindstrom, Ake Departure fuel loads in time-minimizing migrating birds can be explained by the energy costs of being heavy. J. Theor. Biol.; 183(1):29-34. 1996.

Klicka, John MINNESOTA'S FIRST CALLIOPE HUMMINGBIRD: MUSEUM NOTES. Loon; 67(1):5-6. 1995. WR 252

Knapton, Richard W. DO HUMMINGBIRDS FOLLOW SAPSUCKERS TO FOOD SOURCES? Blue Jay; 43(3):186-187. 1985. WR 200

Kodric-Brown, Astrid ORGANIZATION OF A TROPICAL ISLAND COMMUNITY OF HUMMINGBIRDS AND FLOWERS. Bull. Ecol. Soc. Am.; 64(2):139. June 1983. Abstract only. WR 194

Kodric-Brown, Astrid and Brown, James H. INFLUENCE OF ECONOMICS, INTERSPECIFIC COMPETITION, AND SEXUAL DIMORPHISM ON TERRITORIALITY OF MIGRANT RUFOUS HUMMINGBIRDS. Ecology; 59 (2): 285-296. 1978. WR 171

Kodric-Brown, Astrid and James H. Brown, INFLUENCE OF ECONOMICS, INTERSPECIFIC COMPETITION, AND SEXUAL DIMORPHISM ON TERRITORIALITY OF MIGRANT RUFOUS HUMMINGBIRDS, Ecology 59(2): 285-296, 1978

Kodric-Brown, Astrid; James H. Brown; Gregory S. Byers and David F. Gori ORGANIZATION OF A TROPICAL ISLAND COMMUNITY OF HUMMINGBIRDS AND FLOWERS. Ecology; 65(5):1358-1368. Oct. 1984. WR 195

Konrad, Paul M. (ed) A hummingbird garden. WildBird; 11(5):30-35. 1997.

Konrad, Paul M. (ed.) Mountain hummingbird. WildBird; 11(5):42-43. 1997.

Konrad, Paul M. South of the border: are you ready to travel to Latin America? WildBird; 10(5):48-51. 1996.

Konrad, Paul M., ed. Everyone's hummingbird: species profile: ruby-throated hummingbird (Archilochus colubris) WildBird; 10(5):46-47. 1996.

Korducki, Mark Selasphorus hummingbird (Selasphorus sp.), 14 November 1995, Milwaukee County. Passenger Pigeon; 58(2):204. 1996.

Korducki, Mark Rufous hummingbird (Selasphorus rufus), 9 August 1994, Washington County. Passenger Pigeon; 57(2):125. 1995.

Korducki, Mark ANNA'S HUMMINGBIRD (CALYPTE ANNA): 18 DECEMBER 1992, RACINE CO. Passenger Pigeon; 55(3):271. 1993. WR 241

Kotliar, Natasha B. HUMMINGBIRD FORAGING MOVEMENTS: THE INFLUENCE OF PATCH STRUCTURE AND TERRITORIAL BEHAVIOR. Bull. Ecol. Soc. Am.; 73(2)Suppl.:237. 1992. Abstract only. WR 237

Kotliar, Natasha Beth A HIERARCHICAL CONCEPT OF PATCHINESS: IMPLICATIONS FOR THE FORAGING BEHAVIOR OF HUMMINGBIRDS. Ph.D. dissertation,Colo. State Univ.; 118p. 1991. From Diss. Abstr. Int. B Sci. Eng. 52(6):2871. 1991. Order No. DA9134455. WR 228

Kranenburg, Tina ANOTHER RUFOUS HUMMINGBIRD RECORD FOR COMANCHE COUNTY, OKLAHOMA. Bull. Okla. Ornithol. Soc.; 21(3):21-22. 1988. WR 211

Kranich, Barbara WISCONSIN'S FIRST ANNA'S HUMMINGBIRD. Passenger Pigeon; 53(1):27-30. 1991. WR 225

Krebbs, Karen FOUR YEARS OF HUMMINGBIRD BREEDING AT THE ARIZONA-SONORA DESERT MUSEUM. Anim. Keepers' Forum; 19(12):430-436. 1992. WR 235

Kuban, Joseph F. and Robert L. Neill FEEDING ECOLOGY OF HUMMINGBIRDS IN THE HIGHLANDS OF THE CHISOS MOUNTAINS, TEXAS. Condor; 82(2):180-185. May 1980. WR 179

Kuban, Joseph F., Jr. and Neill, Robert L. THE ECOLOGICAL ORGANIZATION OF HUMMINGBIRDS IN THE CHISOS MOUNTAINS, BIG BEND NATIONAL PARK, TEXAS. Bull. Ecol. Soc. Am.; 59(2):124. June 1978. Abstract only. WR 171

Kuban, Joseph F.; John Lawley and Robert L. Neill THE PARTITIONING OF FLOWERING CENTURY PLANTS BY BLACK-CHINNED AND LUCIFER HUMMINGBIRDS. Southwest. Nat.; 28(2):143-148. May 1983. WR 190

Langner, S. THE BIOLOGY OF THE HIGH MONTANE HUMMINGBIRD IN THE BOLIVIAN ANDES. [ ZUR BIOLOGIE DES HOCHLANDKOLIBRIS, OREOTROCHILUS ESTELLA, IN DEN ANDEN BOLIVIENS. ] Bonn. Zool. Beitr.; 24(1/2):24-47. 1973. From Bird-Banding 45(1), 1974. In German with English summ. WR 153:85

Langridge, Howard P. and Paul W. Sykes, Jr. RECORD CONFIRMED OF BAHAMA WOODSTAR IN FLORIDA. Auk; 91(4):849. Oct. 1974. WR 155:45

Larimer, James L.; Dudley, Robert Accelerational implications of hummingbird display dives. Auk; 112(4):1064-1066. 1995. 1 tab.

Larimer, James L. and Robert Dudley CENTRIFUGAL FORCE AND BLOOD PRESSURE ELEVATION IN THE WINGS OF FLYING HUMMINGBIRDS (TROCHILIDAE). J. Theor. Biol.; 168(3):233-236. 1994. WR 244

Laverty, Terence M. and R. C. Plowright COMPETITION BETWEEN HUMMINGBIRDS AND BUMBLE BEES FOR NECTAR IN FLOWERS OF IMPATIENS BIFLORA. Oecologia (Berl.); 66(1):25-32. 1985. WR 198

Le Ber, Jeanne Marie HUMMINGBIRDS OF UTAH. Utah Birds; 2(3):55-64. 1986. WR 205

Leberman, Robert C. IDENTIFY, SEX, AND AGE IT / KEY TO AGE AND SEX DETERMINATION OF RUBY-THROATED HUMMINGBIRDS IN AUTUMN. Inl. Bird Banding News; 44(5):197-202. Sept.-Oct. 1972. WR 148:120

Leberman, Robert C. and D. Scott Wood, BIRD-BANDING AT POWDERMILL: TWENTY YEARS

Lee, D. N.; P. E. Reddish and D. T. Rand AERIAL DOCKING BY HUMMINGBIRDS. Naturwissenschaften; 78(11):526-527. 1991. WR 228

LeGrand, Harry E., Jr. PROBABLE RUFOUS HUMMINGBIRD IN INLAND SOUTH CAROLINA. Chat; 49(3):71-72. 1985. WR 200

LeGrand, Harry E., Jr.; Young, Jerry; Sargent, Bob Two records of green violet-ear for North Carolina. Chat; 60(4):147-149. 1996.

Lima, Steven L. ENERGY, PREDATORS AND THE BEHAVIOUR OF FEEDING HUMMINGBIRDS. Evol. Ecol.; 5(3):220-230. 1991. WR 225

Lindstrom, Ake and Thomas Alerstam OPTIMAL FAT LOADS IN MIGRATING BIRDS: A TEST OF THE TIME-MINIMIZATION HYPOTHESIS. Am. Nat.; 140(3):477-491. 1992. WR 232

Linhart, Yan B.; William H. Busby; James H. Beach and Peter Feinsinger FORAGER BEHAVIOR, POLLEN DISPERSAL, AND INBREEDING IN TWO SPECIESOF HUMMINGBIRD-POLLINATED PLANTS. Evolution; 41(3):679-682. 1987. WR 207

Lint, Kenton C. THE WORLD OF HUMMINGBIRDS. A.F.A. Watchbird; 8(6):7-11. Dec. 1981-Jan. 1982. WR 189

Lloyd, Albert C. and Mary Heimerdinger Clench, A DEVICE FOR FORMING HUMMINGBIRD BANDS, Bird-Banding, Vol. 40, No. 1, 1969

Long, Michael C. ANNA'S HUMMINGBIRDS WITH HYMENOPTERA IMPALED ON BILLS. West. Birds; 24(4):267-269. 1993. WR 240

Lopez-Calleja, M. Victoria; Bozinovic, Francisco Maximum metabolic rate, thermal insulation and aerobic scope in a small-sized Chilean hummingbird (Sephanoides sephanoides) Auk; 112(4):1034-1036. 1995. 1 fig.

Luckner, G. D. BUFF-BELLIED HUMMINGBIRD. Spoonbill (Outdoor Nat. Club, Houston, Tex.); 41(11):9. 1992. WR 234

Lyon, David L. A MONTANE HUMMINGBIRD TERRITORIAL SYSTEM IN OAXACA, MEXICO. Wilson Bull.; 88 (2): 280-299. June 1976. WR 162

Lyon, David L. TERRITORIAL AND FEEDING ACTIVITY OF BROAD-TAILED HUMMINGBIRDS (SELASPHORUS PLATYCERCUS) IN. IRIS MISSOURIENSIS. Condor; 75(3):346-349. 1973. WR 151:46

Lyon, David L. and Christine Chadek EXPLOITATION OF NECTAR RESOURCES BY HUMMINGBIRDS, BEES (BOMBUS), AND DIGLOSSA BARITULA AND ITS ROLE IN THE EVOLUTION OF. PENSTEMON KUNTHII. Condor; 73(2):246-248. 1971. WR 142:70

Lyon, David L.; Crandall, James and McKone, Mark A TEST OF THE ADAPTIVENESS OF INTERSPECIFIC TERRITORIALITY IN THE BLUE-THROATED HUMMINGBIRD. Auk; 94 (3): 448-454. July 1977. WR 167

MacMillen, Richard E. and F. Lynn Carpenter, DAILY ENERGY COSTS AND BODY WEIGHT IN NECTARIVOROUS BIRDS, Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 56: 439-441, 1977

Maender, Gloria J.; Hiett, Katherine L.; Bailey, Scott Jay Nesting Anna's hummingbirds in urban Tucson, Arizona. West. Birds; 27(2):78-80. 1996. 1 append.

Manns, Robert RUFOUS HUMMINGBIRD IN DULUTH, GEORGIA. Oriole; 50(1):15. 1985. WR 202

Marchesseault, Lisa and Paul W. Ewald EFFECT OF TERRITORY QUALITY ON INTRUSION RATE IN NONBREEDING HUMMINGBIRDS. Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol.; 28(5):305-308. 1991. WR 225

Marques-Souza, Antonio Carlos; Maria Lucia Absy; Ires Paula de CHARACTERISTICS OF FLOWERS, NECTAR AND VISITORS OF KERIANTHERA PRECLARA (RUBIACEAE). [ A.Miranda and Heike E. C. Kuchmeister. ] Rev. Biol. Trop.; 41(3A):483-489. 1993. In Spanish with English summ. WR 247

Marshall, David B. BLACK-CHINNED HUMMINGBIRD AT PORTLAND, OREGON. Oreg. Birds; 15(3):178-179. 1989. WR 215

Martin, John DIFFERENT FEEDING STRATEGIES OF TWO SYMPATRIC HUMMINGBIRD SPECIES. Condor; 90(1):233-236. 1988. WR 209

Martinez del Rio, Carlos GREAT SHRIKE-TYRANT PREDATION ON A GREEN-BACKED FIRECROWN. Wilson Bull.; 104(2):368-369. 1992. WR 230

Martinez del Rio, Carlos SUGAR PREFERENCES IN HUMMINGBIRDS: THE INFLUENCE OF SUBTLE CHEMICAL DIFFERENCES ON FOOD CHOICE. Condor; 92(4):1022-1030. 1990. WR 222

Martinez del Rio, Carlos DIETARY, PHYLOGENETIC, AND ECOLOGICAL CORRELATES OF INTESTINAL SUCRASE AND MALTASE ACTIVITY IN BIRDS. Physiol. Zool.; 63(5):987-1011. 1990. WR 221

Martinez del Rio, Carlos and Luis E. Eguiarte BIRD VISITATION TO AGAVE SALMIANA: COMPARISONS AMONG HUMMINGBIRDS AND PERCHING BIRDS. Condor; 89(2):357-363. 1987. WR 206

Martinez-Sanchez, Juan C. RECORDS OF NEW OR LITTLE KNOWN BIRDS FOR NICARAGUA. Condor; 91(2):468-469. 1989. WR 214

Mason, Victoria RUFOUS HUMMINGBIRD IN GREER COUNTY, OKLAHOMA. Bull. Okla. Ornithol. Soc.; 21(3):21. 1988. WR 211

Mathieu-Costello, O.; R. K. Suarez and P. W. Hochachka CAPILLARY-TO- FIBER GEOMETRY AND MITOCHONDRIAL DENSITY IN HUMMINGBIRD FLIGHT MUSCLE. Respir. Physiol.; 89(1):113-132. 1992. WR 236

McCoid, Michael James ANOLIS CAROLINENSIS (GREEN ANOLE). INTERSPECIFIC BEHAVIOR. Herpetol. Rev.; 25(2):65. 1994. WR 244

McDade, Lucinda A. POLLINATOR RELATIONSHIPS, BIOGEOGRAPHY, AND PHYLOGENETICS. BioScience; 42(1):21-26. 1992. WR 228

McDade, Lucinda A. LONG-TAILED HERMIT HUMMINGBIRD VISITS TO INFLORESCENCE COLOR MORPHS OF HELICONIA IRRASA. Condor; 85(3):360-364. Aug. 1983. WR 191

McGee, Janet M. RUFOUS HUMMINGBIRD RECORDS FOR COMANCHE COUNTY, OKLAHOMA. Bull. Okla. Ornithol. Soc.; 16(2):14-15. June 1983. WR 191

McGrath, James E. and John C. Moss RUBY-THROATED HUMMINGBIRD COMPLETES NESTING AT RELOCATED SITE. Jack-Pine Warbler; 66(4):159-160. 1988. WR 212

McLaren, Ian NOVA SCOTIA'S SECOND BLACK-CHINNED HUMMINGBIRD. N.S. Birds; 31(1):60-61. 1989. WR 213

McMahon, Jeri RUFOUS HUMMINGBIRD IN MUSKOGEE COUNTY, OKLAHOMA. Bull. Okla. Ornithol. Soc.; 16(1):5. Mar. 1983. WR 189

McNeil, Raymond and José Ramón Rodriguez S. NEST, SEASONAL MOVEMENTS, AND BREEDING OF BUFFY HUMMINGBIRDS IN XERIC HABITATS OF NORTHEASTERN VENEZUELA. Wilson Bull.; 97(4):547-551. 1985. WR 201

Meadows, Martin HUMMINGBIRD NESTING. Belize Audubon Soc. Bull.; 11(9):4-5. Nov.-Dec. 1979. WR 189

Medler, Scott and Carol Beuchat MEASUREMENT OF GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE IN CONSCIOUS HUMMINGBIRDS. Am. Zool.; 31(5):44A. 1991. Abstract only. WR 228

Mees, G. F. ON THE DISTRIBUTION OF /PHAETHORNIS MALARIS/ (NORDMANN) (AVES: TROCHILIDAE). [ ZUR VERBREITUNG VON /PHAETHORNIS MALARIS/ (NORDMANN) (AVES, TROCHILIDAE). ] Zool. Meded. Rijksmus. Nat. Hist. Leiden; 52 (17): 209-211. 15 Dec. 1977. In German. WR 174

Melius, Michael CUSTER COUNTY RUBY-THROATED HUMMINGBIRD RECORD. S.D. Bird Notes; 47(1):14. 1995. WR 248

Merilees, Bill DISPLAY FLIGHT OF THE ANNA'S HUMMINGBIRD. Discovery (Vancouver Nat. Hist. Soc.); 11(1):44-45. Mar.-May 1982. WR 189

Meteyer, Carol U.; Richard P. Chin; Anthony E. Castro; Leslie W. Woods and Ronald P. Gentzler AN EPIZOOTIC OF CHLAMYDIOSIS WITH HIGH MORTALITY IN A CAPTIVE POPULATION OF EUPHONIAS (EUPHONIA VIOLACEAS) AND HUMMINGBIRDS (AMAZILIA AMAZILIAS). J. Zoo Wildl. Med.; 23(2):222-229. 1992. WR 232

Miller, Richard S. RESPONSE TO F. R. HAINSWORTH. Auk; 103(4):834. 1986. WR 204

Miller, Richard S. WHY HUMMINGBIRDS HOVER. Auk; 102(4):722-726. 1985. WR 200

Miller, Richard S. and C. L. Gass SURVIVORSHIP IN HUMMINGBIRDS: IS PREDATION IMPORTANT? Auk; 102(1):175-178. 1985. WR 197

Miller, Richard S. and Richard Elton Miller FEEDING ACTIVITY AND COLOR PREFERENCE OF RUBY-THROATED HUMMINGBIRDS. Condor; 73(3):309-313.1971. WR 143:84

Miller, Richard S. and Robert W. Nero HUMMINGBIRD-SAPSUCKER ASSOCIATIONS IN NORTHERN CLIMATES. Can. J. Zool.; 61(7):1540-1546. July 1983. In English with French summ. WR 193

Miller, Richard S.; Staffan Tamm; Glenn D. Sutherland and Clifton Lee Gass CUES FOR ORIENTATION IN HUMMINGBIRD FORAGING: COLOR AND POSITION. Can. J. Zool.; 63(1):18-21. 1985. In English with French summ. WR 198

Miller, Sarah J. and David W. Inouye ROLES OF THE WING WHISTLE IN THE TERRITORIAL BEHAVIOUR OF MALE BROAD-TAILED HUMMINGBIRDS (SELASPHORUS PLATYCERCUS. . Anim. Behav.; 31(3):689-700. Aug. 1983. WR 192

Mills, Edward D. and David T. Rogers, Jr. FIRST RECORD OF THE BLUE-THROATED GOLDENTAIL (HYLOCHARIS ELICIAE) IN BELIZE. Wilson Bull.; 100(3):510. 1988. WR 211

Mirsky, Edward N. SONG DIVERGENCE IN HUMMINGBIRD AND JUNCO POPULATIONS ON GUADALUPE ISLAND. Condor; 78 (2): 230-235. 1976. WR 163

Mitchell, Randall J. FITNESS CONSEQUENCES OF FLORAL NECTAR PRODUCTION RATE FOR THE HUMMINGBIRD POLLINATED PLANT IPOMOPSIS AGGREGATA (POLEMONIACEAE). Bull. Ecol. Soc. Am.; 71(2)(Suppl.):258. 1990. Abstract only. WR 220

Mitchell, William A. INFORMATIONAL CONSTRAINTS ON OPTIMALLY FORAGING HUMMINGBIRDS. Oikos; 55(2):145-154. 1989. WR 215

Mitchell, William Albert INFORMATIONAL CONSTRAINTS IN OPTIMAL FORAGING: THEORETICAL DEVELOPMENT AND FIELD EXPERIMENTS WITH HUMMINGBIRDS. Ph.D. dissertation, Univ. Ariz.; 101p. 1986. From Diss. Abstr. Int. B Sci. Eng. 47(4):1393-1394. 1986. WR 204

Mobbs, A. J. METHODS USED BY THE TROCHILDIDAE (HUMMINGBIRDS) WHEN CAPTURING INSECTS. Avic. Mag.; 85 (1): 26-30. Jan.-Mar. 1979. WR 175

Mobbs, A. J. THORNBILL HUMMINGBIRDS. PART II. THE GENUS /CHALCOSTIGMA/. Avic. Mag.; 84 (2): 103-104. Apr.-June 1978. WR 171

Mobbs, A. J. THORNBILL HUMMINGBIRDS. PART I. THE GENUS /RAMPHOMICRON/. Avic. Mag.; 84(1):17-19. Jan.-Mar. 1978. WR 170

Mobbs, A. J. NOTES ON THE RUBY-TOPAZ HUMMINGBIRD. Avic. Mag.; 83(1):53-56. Jan.-Mar. 1977. WR 167

Mobbs, A. J. OBSERVATIONS ON A FEMALE LONG-TAILED HERMIT HUMMINGBIRD. Avic. Mag.; 82 (1): 32-39. Jan.-Mar. 1976. WR 166

Mobbs, A. J. OBSERVATIONS ON THE PURPLE-THROATED CARIB HUMMINGBIRD /EULAMPIS JUGULARIS/. Avic. Mag.; 82 (4): 196-201. Oct.-Dec. 1976. WR 166

Mobbs, A. J. NOTES ON THE REDDISH HERMIT HUMMINGBIRD. Avic. Mag.; 77(5):160-163. Sept.-Oct. 1971. WR 145:100

Montaldo, Norberto H. ASSOCIATION OF TWO SPECIES OF HUMMINGBIRDS WITH TREES OF THE GENUS EUCALYPTUS (MYRTACEAE) IN THE PROVINCE OF BUENOS AIRES. Hornero; 12(3):159-162. 1984. In Spanish with English summ. WR 210

Montgomerie, Robert Dennis THE ENERGETICS OF FORAGING AND COMPETITION IN SOME MEXICAN HUMMINGBIRDS. Ph.D. dissertation, McGill Univ.; 1979. From Diss. Abstr. Int. B Sci. Eng. 40(9):4103. Mar. 1980. WR 177

Montgomerie, Robert D. THE COST OF COMPETITION: EVIDENCE FROM HUMMINGBIRDS. Am. Zool.; 17 (4): 885. 1977. Abstract only. WR 168

Montgomerie, Robert D. and C. L. Gass ENERGY LIMITATION OF HUMMINGBIRD POPULATIONS IN TROPICAL AND TEMPERATE COMMUNITIES. Oecologia (Berl.); 50(2):162-165. 11 Aug. 1981. WR 183

Montgomerie, Robert D.; John McA. Eadie and Lawrence D. Harder WHAT DO FORAGING HUMMINGBIRDS MAXIMIZE? Oecologia (Berl.); 63(3):357-363. 1984. WR 197

Montgomerie, Robert D. and Catherine A. Redsell A NESTING HUMMINGBIRD FEEDING SOLELY ON ARTHROPODS. Condor; 82(4):463-464. Nov. 1980. WR 181

Moore, Emily V. WINTER HUMMINGBIRD AT FEEDER IN NORFOLK. Raven; 52(2):35-36. June 1981. WR 189

Moore, Francis L.; Robert K. Myers and Thomas H. Kent RUFOUS HUMMINGBIRD IN NORTHEAST IOWA. Iowa Bird Life; 54(4):104-106. 1984. WR 197

Moore, Terry S. WINTER RECORD FOR RUBY-THROATED HUMMINGBIRD IN COBB COUNTY. Oriole; 44(4):90-91. Dec. 1979. WR 182

Mulvihill, Robert S. and Robert C. Leberman RUFOUS HUMMINGBIRD, SELASPHORUS RUFUS: WESTMORELAND COUNTY. Pa. Birds; 4(4):139-141. 1990. WR 224

Mulvihill, Robert S. and Robert C. Leberman BIRD BANDING AT POWDERMILL, 1985. WITH A SUMMARY OF RUBY-THROATED HUMMINGBIRD BANDING DATA. Powdermill Nat. Reserve Res. Rep.; No. 46. 19p. 1987. WR 209

Mulvihill, Robert S.; Robert C. Leberman and D. Scott Wood A POSSIBLE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN REVERSED SEXUAL SIZE DIMORPHISM AND REDUCED MALE SURVIVORSHIP IN THE RUBY-THROATED HUMMINGBIRD. Condor; 94(2):480-489. 1992. WR 230

Nadal, J.; J. L. Venero; A. Borrell; G. A. Llorente and X. Ruiz DDT'S AND PCB'S IN EGGS OF 5 SPECIES OF BIRDS FROM CALCA (CUSCO, PERU). Publ. Dep. Zool. (Barc.); 13:105-109. 1987. In Spanish. WR 207

Naeem, Shahid; David S. Dobkin and Barry M. OConnor LASIOSEIUS MITES (ACARI: GAMASIDA: ASCIDAE) ASSOCIATED WITH HUMMINGBIRD-POLLINATED FLOWERS IN TRINIDAD, WEST INDIES. Int. J. Entomol.; 27(4):338-353. 1985. WR 201

Narosky, Samuel MELANOTROCHILUS FUSCUS NEW FOR ARGENTINA. Hornero; 12(1):53. 1979. In Spanish. WR 210

Navarro S., Adolfo G.; A. Townsend Peterson and Patricia Escalante P. NEW DISTRIBUTIONAL INFORMATION ON MEXICAN BIRDS. I. THE SIERRA DE ATOYAC, GUERRERO. Bull. Br. Ornithol. Club; 112(1):6-11. 1992. WR 230

Neill, David A. TRAPLINERS IN THE TREES: HUMMINGBIRD POLLINATION OF ERYTHRINA SECT. ERYTHRINA (LEGUMINOSAE: PAPILIONOIDEAE). Ann. Mo. Bot. Gard.; 74(1):27-41. 1987. WR 206

Nelson, Duane DAYTIME TORPOR IN A BROAD-TAILED HUMMINGBIRD (SELASPHORUS PLATYCERCUS). C.F.O. (Colo. Field Ornithol.) J.; 25(2):45-46. 1991. WR 224

Nelson, Duane THE C.F.O. RECORDS COMMITTEE REPORT FOR 1989. C.F.O. (Colo. Field Ornithol.) J.; 25(4):119-125. 1991. WR 227

Newfield, Nancy L. Piecing together the hummingbird puzzle. Living Bird; 15(2):16-21. 1996.

Newfield, Nancy L. MINNESOTA'S FIRST CALLIOPE HUMMINGBIRD: FURTHER IDENTIFICATION NOTES. Loon; 67(1):8. 1995. WR 252

Newfield, Nancy L. THREE RECORDS OF CALLIOPE HUMMINGBIRD FROM LOUISIANA. Condor; 86(3):346-348. 29 Aug. 1984. WR 195

Newfield, Nancy L. RECORDS OF ALLEN'S HUMMINGBIRD IN LOUISIANA AND POSSIBLE RUFOUS X ALLEN'S HUMMINGBIRD HYBRIDS. Condor; 85(2):253-254. May 1983. WR 190

Norton, Mary E.; Peter Arcese and Paul W. Ewald EFFECT OF INTRUSION PRESSURE ON TERRITORY SIZE IN BLACK-CHINNED HUMMINGBIRDS (ARCHILOCHUS ALEXANDRI. . Auk; 99(4):761-764. Oct. 1982. WR 188

Nunez Chas, Juan M. DISCOVERY OF A NEST OF LEUCOCHLORIS ALBICOLLIS IN MAR DEL PLATA, ARGENTINA. Nuestras Aves; No. 27. p. 32-33. 1992. In Spanish. WR 243

O'Grady, Rhonda HUMMINGBIRD SEQUEL. Blue Jay; 51(3):147-149. 1993. WR 241

Olson, John B. and Sally S. Olson FEEDING DISCRIMINATION BY RUBY-THROATED HUMMINGBIRDS. Bull. S.C. Acad. Sci.; 47:153. 1985. Abstract only. WR 199

Oniki, Yoshika Band sizes of southeastern Brazilian hummingbirds. [ Tamaño de anillas para zumbadores Brazileños. ] J. Field Ornithol.; 67(3):387-391. 1996. 1 tab.

Ornelas, Juan Francisco SERRATE TOMIA: AN ADAPTATION FOR NECTAR ROBBING IN HUMMINGBIRDS? Auk; 111(3):703-710. 1994. WR 246

Ornelas, Juan Francisco REDISCOVERY OF THE RUFOUS-CRESTED COQUETTE (LOPHORNIS DELATTREI BRACHYLOPHA) IN GUERRERO, MEXICO. Wilson Bull.; 99(4):719-721. 1987. WR 209

Ortiz-Crespo, Fernando I. SAHAGUN'S EARLY HUMMINGBIRD ICONOGRAPHY AND A REVIEW OF THE EUROPEAN DISCOVERY OF TROCHILIDS. Arch. Nat. Hist.; 21(1):7-10. 1994. WR 243

Ortiz-Crespo, Fernando I. CONSIDERATIONS ON THE MIGRATIONS OF TWO NEOTROPICAL HUMMINGBIRDS. El Hornero; 12(4):298-300. 1986. In Spanish with English summ. WR 210

Ortiz-Crespo, F. I. FIRST TWENTIETH-CENTURY SPECIMEN OF THE VIOLET-THROATED METALTAIL METALLURA BARONI. Bull. Br. Ornithol. Club; 104(3):95-97. 1984. WR 196

Ortiz-Crespo, Fernando Ignacio AGONISTIC AND FORAGING BEHAVIOR OF HUMMINGBIRDS CO-OCCURRING IN CENTRAL COASTAL CALIFORNIA. Ph.D. dissertation, Univ. Calif. (Berkeley); 230p. 1980. From Diss. Abstr. Int. B Sci. Eng. 42(1):102. July 1981. WR 183

Ortiz-Crespo, Fernando I. THE GIANT HUMMINGBIRD /PATAGONA GIGAS/ IN ECUADOR. Ibis; 116(3):347-359. July 1974. WR 160

Ortiz-Crespo, Fernando I. A NEW METHOD TO SEPARATE IMMATURE AND ADULT HUMMINGBIRDS. Auk; 89(4):851-857. Oct. 1972. WR 148:68

Ortiz-Crespo, Fernando I. WINTER OCCURRENCES OF SELASPHORUS HUMMINGBIRDS IN THE SAN FRANCISCO BAY REGION. Bird-Banding; 42(4):290-292.Oct. 1971. WR 146:141

Ortiz-Crespo, Fernando I. and Robert Bleiweiss THE NORTHERN LIMIT OF THE HUMMINGBIRD GENUS OREOTROCHILUS IN SOUTH AMERICA. Auk; 99(2):376-378. Apr. 1982. WR 186

Owen, J. B. HUMMINGBIRD USES NEST THIRD YEAR. Migrant; 50(4):81. Dec. 1979. WR 178

Owre, Oscar T. BAHAMA WOODSTAR IN FLORIDA: FIRST SPECIMEN FOR CONTINENTAL NORTH AMERICA. Auk; 93 (4): 837-838. Oct. 1976. WR 165

Pacheco, Jose Fernando; Whitney, Bret M. Range extensions for some birds in northeastern Brazil. Bull. Br. Ornithol. Club; 115(3):157-163. 1995.

Paczolt, Mike WINTER NESTING OF ANNA'S HUMMINGBIRD IN MEDFORD, OREGON. Oreg. Birds; 13(1):31-33. 1987. WR 205

Paige, Ken N. and Thomas G. Whitham, INDIVIDUAL AND POPULATION SHIFTS IN FLOWER COLOR BY SCARLET GILIA: A MECHANISM FOR POLLINATOR TRACKING, Science 227: 315-317, 1985

Palmer-Ball, Brainard, Jr. FIRST RECORD OF A SELASPHORUS HUMMINGBIRD IN KENTUCKY. Ky. Warbler; 65(1):24-27. 1989. WR 215

Papi, F. and P. Ioale OLFACTORY CONDITIONAL DISCRIMINATION IN THE HUMMINGBIRD COLIBRI SERRIROSTRIS VIEILLOT (AVES APODIFORMES). Monit. Zool. Ital.; 21(2):197-198. 1987. Abstract only. WR 208

Parker, Theodore A. III. FIRST RECORD OF THE CHILEAN WOODSTAR EULIDIA YARRELLII IN PERU. Bull. Br. Ornithol. Club; 102(2):86. June 1982. WR 187

Parra, Victor; C. Fabian Vargas and Luis E. Eguiarte REPRODUCTIVE BIOLOGY, POLLEN AND SEED DISPERSAL, AND NEIGHBORHOOD SIZE IN THE HUMMINGBIRD-POLLINATED ECHEVERIA GIBBIFLORA (CRASSULACEAE). Am. J. Bot.; 80(2):153-159. 1993. WR 235

Parrish, Frank OBSERVATION OF A RUFOUS HUMMINGBIRD AT FITZGERALD, BEN HILL COUNTY, GEORGIA. Oriole; 51(2-3):45-46. 1986. WR 209

Parrish, Jimmie R. KLEPTOPARASITISM OF INSECTS BY A BROAD-TAILED HUMMINGBIRD. J. Field Ornithol.; 59(2):128-129. 1988. In English with Spanish summ. WR 210

Paton, David C. and F. Lynn Carpenter PERIPHERAL FORAGING BY TERRITORIAL RUFOUS HUMMINGBIRDS: DEFENSE BY EXPLOITATION. Ecology; 65(6):1808-1819. 1984. WR 196

Patti, Sebastian and Marc Radell FIRST RECORD OF THE BLACK-CHINNED HUMMINGBIRD IN KANSAS. Kans. Ornithol. Soc. Bull.; 38(4):33-34. 1987. WR 210

Patterson, Mike GREEN-BACKED SELASPHORUS HUMMINGBIRDS IN CLATSOP COUNTY, OREGON. Oreg. Birds; 16(3):218-222. 1990. WR 221

Patterson, Mike POSSIBLE OCCURRENCES OF ALLEN'S HUMMINGBIRD NORTH OF ITS RECOGNIZED RANGE. Oreg. Birds; 14(3):237-241. 1988. WR 211

Peaker, M. NUTRITIONAL REQUIREMENTS AND DIETS FOR HUMMINGBIRDS AND SUNBIRDS. Int. Zoo Yearb.; No. 29. p. 109-118. 1990. WR 225

Pearson, Betty MANGO HUMMINGBIRD NESTING. Gosse Bird Club Broadsheet; no. 34. p. 6-7. Mar. 1980. WR 177

Pearson, Oliver P., THE DAILY ENERGY REQUIREMENTS OF A WILD ANNA HUMMINGBIRD, The Condor 56: 317-322, 1954

Peckover, W. S. THE TOMBA BOWERBIRD ARCHBOLDIA SANFORDI. Papua New Guinea Bird Soc. Newsl.; No. 131. p. 9-10. May 1977. WR 189

Peterson, A. Townsend and Adolfo G. Navarro-Siguenza POINT/COUNTERPOINT - MORE ON SWIFTS. Euphonia; 2(4):98-99. 1993. WR 246

Peterson, Mark S. ANNA'S HUMMINGBIRD (CALYPTE ANNA): 1 DECEMBER 1990, WAUKESHA CO., WALES. Passenger Pigeon; 53(3):284-285. 1991.WR 228

Phillips, Allan R. THE MIGRATIONS OF ALLEN'S AND OTHER HUMMINGBIRDS. Condor; 77(2):196-205. 1975. WR 158:59

Pimm, Stuart L. AN EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH TO THE EFFECTS OF PREDICTABILITY ON COMMUNITY STRUCTURE. Am. Zool.; 18 (4): 797-808. 1978. WR 173

Pinel, Harold W. and Riddell, John R. FIRST RECORD OF ANNA'S HUMMINGBIRD FOR ALBERTA. Can. Field-Nat.; 91 (4): 394. Oct.-Dec. 1977. WR 170

Pleasants, John M. and Nickolas M. Waser, BUMBLEBEE FORAGING AT A 'HUMMINGBIRD' FLOWER:

REWARD ECONOMICS AND FLORAL CHOICE, The Amer. Midland Naturalist 114(20, 1985

Plooster, Suzi A DAY OF WONDER. C.F.O. (Colo. Field Ornithol.) J.; 28(4):139-140. 1994. WR 246

Poley, Dieter BREEDING THE SPARKLING VIOLET-EAR HUMMINGBIRD COLIBRI CORUSCANS AT HEIDELBERG ZOO. Int. Zoo Yearb.; 21:121-122. 1981. WR 192

Poley, Dieter FIGHTING AND CONTACT BEHAVIOR IN HUMMINGBIRDS. [ KAMPF- UND KONTAKTVERHALTEN BEI KOLIBRIS. ] Bonn. Zool. Beitr.; 23(3):197-218. 1972. From Biol. Abstr. 56(10), 1973. In German with English summ. WR 152:55

Poley, Dieter BODY CARE IN HUMMINGBIRDS. [ KOERPERPFLEGE DER KOLIBRIS. ] Bonn. Zool. Beitr.; 22(3/4):236-246. 1971. From Biol. Abstr. 53(10), 1972. In German with English summ. WR 146:87

Powell, Cheryl L. ALLEN'S OR RUFOUS HUMMINGBIRD (SELASPHORUS SP.), 14 JULY 1994, ASHLAND COUNTY. Passenger Pigeon; 57(1):54. 1995. WR 250

Powers, Donald R., MAGNIFICENT HUMMINGBIRD (EUGENES FULGENS), The Birds of No. Amer. #221, 1996

Powers, Donald R. EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE AND HUMIDITY ON EVAPORATIVE WATER LOSS IN ANNA'S HUMMINGBIRD (CALYPTE ANNA). J. Comp. Physiol. B Biochem. Syst. Environ. Physiol.; 162(1):74-84. 1992. WR 229

Powers, Donald R. DIURNAL VARIATION IN MASS, METABOLIC RATE, AND RESPIRATORY QUOTIENT IN ANNA'S AND COSTA'S HUMMINGBIRDS. Physiol. Zool.; 64(3):850-870. 1991. WR 226

Powers, Donald Richard, Jr. ENERGY AND WATER RELATIONS OF HUMMINGBIRDS. Ph.D. dissertation, Univ. Calif. (Davis); 157p. 1989. From Diss. Abstr. Int. B Sci. Eng. 50(8):3344. 1990. Order No. DA9002766. WR 218

Powers, Donald R. DAILY VARIATION OF RESPIRATORY QUOTIENT, METABOLIC RATE, AND BODY MASS IN TWO HUMMINGBIRD SPECIES. Bull. Ecol. Soc. Am. Suppl.; 69(2):265. 1988. Abstract only. WR 212

Powers, Donald R. EFFECTS OF VARIATION IN FOOD QUALITY ON THE BREEDING TERRITORIALITY OF THE MALE ANNA'S HUMMINGBIRD. Condor; 89(1):103-111. 1987. WR 205

Powers, Donald R. EFFECTS OF VARIATION IN FOOD QUALITY ON THE BREEDING TERRITORIALITY OF THE MALE ANNA'S HUMMINGBIRD. Condor; 89(1):103-111. 1987. WR 205

Powers, Donald R. and Timothy M. Conley FIELD METABOLIC RATE AND FOOD CONSUMPTION OF TWO SYMPATRIC HUMMINGBIRD SPECIES IN SOUTHEASTERN ARIZONA. Condor; 96(1):141-150. 1994. WR 241

Powers, Leon R.; Kelly R. Fulcher and James C. Doramus NESTING TENACITY OF A HUMMINGBIRD. Murrelet; 65(2):53. 1984. WR 197

Powers, Donald R. and Todd McKee THE EFFECT OF FOOD AVAILABILITY ON TIME AND ENERGY EXPENDITURES OF TERRITORIAL AND NON-TERRITORIAL HUMMINGBIRDS. Condor; 96(4):1064-1075. 1994. WR 247

Powers, Donald R. and Kenneth A. Nagy FIELD METABOLIC RATE AND FOOD CONSUMPTION BY FREE-LIVING ANNA'S HUMMINGBIRDS (CALYPTE ANNA). Physiol. Zool.; 61(6):500-506. 1988. WR 213

Prill, Karen REHABILITATION NOTES: ANNA'S HUMMINGBIRD (CALYPTE ANNA). Wildl. J.; 8(1):5-10. 1985. WR 199

Primack, Richard B. and Henry F. Howe INTERFERENCE COMPETITION BETWEEN A HUMMINGBIRD (AMAZILIA TZACATL) AND SKIPPER BUTTERFLIES (HESPERIIDAE). Biotropica; 7(1):55-58. Apr. 1975. WR 159:40

Prinzinger, Roland; Ingrid Lubben and Simone Jackel A COMPARISON OF ENERGY-METABOLISM IN HUMMINGBIRDS AND SUNBIRDS. J. Ornithol.; 127(3):303-313. 1986. In German with English summ. WR 203

Prinzinger, R.; K. Kr ger and K. L. Schuchmann METABOLISM-WEIGHT RELATIONSHIP IN 17 HUMMING-BIRD SPECIES AT DIFFERENT TEMPERATURES DURING DAY AND NIGHT. Experientia (Basel); 37(12):1307-1309. 15 Dec. 1981. WR 184

Prinzinger, R.; T. Schafer and K.-L. Schuchmann ENERGY METABOLISM, RESPIRATORY QUOTIENT AND BREATHING PARAMETERS IN TWO CONVERGENT SMALL BIRD SPECIES: THE FORK-TAILED SUNBIRD AETHOPYGA CHRISTINAE (NECTARINIIDAE) AND THE CHILEAN HUMMINGBIRD SEPHANOIDES SEPHANOIDES (TROCHILIDAE). J. Therm. Biol.; 17(2):71-79. 1992. WR 236

Pulcinella, Nick RUFOUS/ALLEN'S HUMMINGBIRD, SELASPHORUS SP., BUCKS COUNTY. Pa. Birds; 8(3):147-148. 1994. WR 247

Pyke, Graham H. THE FORAGING BEHAVIOUR OF AUSTRALIAN HONEYEATERS: A REVIEW AND SOME COMPARISONS WITH HUMMINGBIRDS. Aust. J. Ecol.; 5(4):343-369. 1980. From Ecol. Abstr. 1981/4:81L/5378. 1981. WR 185

Pyke, Graham H. OPTIMAL FORAGING IN HUMMINGBIRDS: RULE OF MOVEMENT BETWEEN INFLORESCENCES. Anim. Behav.; 29(3):889-896. Aug. 1981. WR 183

Pyke, Graham H. and Nickolas M. Waser THE PRODUCTION OF DILUTE NECTARS BY HUMMINGBIRD AND HONEYEATER FLOWERS. Biotropica; 13(4):260-270. Dec. 1981. WR 184

Pyke, Graham H. OPTIMAL NECTAR PRODUCTION IN A HUMMINGBIRD POLLINATED PLANT. Theor. Popul. Biol.; 20(3):326-343. Dec. 1981. WR 184

Pyke, Graham H. WHY HUMMINGBIRDS HOVER AND HONEYEATERS PERCH. Anim. Behav.; 29(3):861-867. Aug. 1981. WR 183

Pyke, Graham H. OPTIMAL FORAGING IN HUMMINGBIRDS: TESTING THE MARGINAL VALUE THEOREM. Am. Zool.; 18 (4): 739-752. 1978. WR 173

Pyle, Peter, Steve N. G. Howell, and Gregory M. Yanega, MOLT, RETAINED FLIGHT FEATHERS AND AGE IN NORTH AMERICAN HUMMINGBIRDS, The Era of Allan R. Phillips; A. Festschrift, 1997

Pytte, Carolyn and Millicent Sigler Ficken AERIAL DISPLAY SOUNDS OF THE BLACK-CHINNED HUMMINGBIRD. Condor; 96(4):1088-1091. 1994. WR 247

Quesnel, Victor C. THE CASE HISTORY OF AN ABERRANT BLACK-THROATED MANGO HUMMINGBIRD ANTHRACOTHORAX NIGRICOLLIS. Bull. Br. Ornithol. Club; 115(1):25-27. 1995. WR 249

Raguso, Robert A. POLLINATION BIOLOGY OF CLARKIA BREWERI (ONAGRACEAE) IN CENTRAL CALIFORNIA: RELATIVE EFFICIENCIES OF DIURNAL VS. NOCTURNAL VISITORS. Bull. Ecol. Soc. Am.; 75(2)Suppl.:188. 1994. Abstract only. WR 245

Ralph, C. John OPPORTUNISTIC NECTARIVORY IN SOME INTRODUCED HAWAIIAN BIRDS. 'Elepaio; 45(3):17-18. 1984. WR 196

Ramacher, H. J. EXPERIENCE WITH THE CARE AND MAINTENANCE OF HUMMINGBIRD SPECIES. Gefiederte Welt; 110(9):239-241. 1986. In German. WR 204

Ranta, E. HUMMINGBIRDS AND BUMBLEBEES: COMPETITION AND COMMUNITY STRUCTURE IN TWO NECTAR-FEEDING GUILDS. Int. Congr. Ecol.; 4:280. 1986. Abstract only. WR 203

Ranta, Esa COMPETITION AND COMMUNITY STRUCTURE: A NULL MODEL ANALYSIS OF THE HUMMINGBIRD ASSEMBLAGE ON THE SLOPE OF VOLCAN DE COLIMA, MEXICO. Ornis Fenn.; 63(3):79-83. 1986. WR 205

Reich, Marlene HUMMINGBIRDS IN CADOMIN. Alberta Nat.; 22(2):18. 1992. WR 232

Remsen, J. V., Jr.; F. Gary Stiles and Peter E. Scott FREQUENCY OF ARTHROPODS IN STOMACHS OF TROPICAL HUMMINGBIRDS. Auk; 103(2):436-441. 1986. WR 202

Richardson, Judith UNUSUAL RUBY-THROATED HUMMINGBIRD ENCOUNTERS AND A LATE FALL RECORD. Blue Jay; 51(3):143-146. 1993. WR 241

Robbins, Sam Rufous hummingbird (Selasphorus rufus), 2 August 1995, Poynette, Columbia County. Passenger Pigeon; 58(2):205. 1996.

Robens, Liesel and Willi Robens THE SMALL REDDISH HERMIT (PHAETHORNIS RUBER RUBER) ITS BREEDING AND MAINTENANCE. [ DER KLEINE EINSIEDLERKOLIBRI, (PHAETHORNIS RUBER RUBER) SEINE HALTUNG UND ZUCHT. ] Gefiederte Welt; 108(5):124-127. 1984. In German. WR 197

Robens, Wilhelm and Liesel Robens PROPAGATION AND CARE OF THE BOOTED RACKET-TAIL (OCREATUS UNDERWOODII). Gefiederte Welt; 112(8):217-220. 1988. In German. WR 212

Roberts, W. Mark Hummingbird licking behavior and the energetics of nectar feeding. Auk; 112(2):456-463. 1995.

Roberts, W. Mark Hummingbirds' nectar concentration preferences at low volume: the importance of time scale. Anim. Behav.; 52(2):361-370. 1996.

Robinson, Tara Rodden; Sargent, Robert R.; Sargent, Martha G. Ruby- throated hummingbird (Archilochus colubris) Birds N. Am.; 204:1-16. 1996. 6 fig.; The entire Birds of North America series is available c/o The Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 1900 Benjamin Franklin Pkwy., Philadelphia, PA 19103-1195. Individual issues are available for purchase from Buteo Books, 3130 Laurel Rd., Shipman, VA 22971. tel:1-800-722-2460.

Rodriguez M., Jose Vicente FINDING /HYLOCHARIS ELICIAE/ (AVES: TROCHILIDAE) IN COLOMBIA. [ HALLAZAGO DE /HYLOCHARIS ELICIAE/ (AVES-TROCHILIDAE) EN COLOMBIA. ] Caldasia; 12(58):359-362. 30 Oct. 1978. In Spanish. WR 174

Rohwer, Sievert THE EVOLUTION OF RELIABLE AND UNRELIABLE BADGES OF FIGHTING ABILITY. Am. Zool.; 22(3):531-546. 1982. WR 187

Romero-Zambrano, Hernando and Jorge I. Hernández-Camacho A NEW COLOMBIAN SUBSPECIES OF HAPLOPHAEDIA AURELIAE (AVES: TROCHILIDAE). [ UNA NUEVA SUBESPECIE COLOMBIANA DE HAPLOPHAEDIA AURELIAE (AVES: TROCHILIDAE). ] Lozania (Acta Zool. Colombiana); no. 30. p. 1-6. 5 Oct. 1979. In Spanish. WR 179

Rosche, Richard C. and Dorothy J. Rosche A NEW BIRD FOR OKLAHOMA: CALLIOPE HUMMINGBIRD. Bull. Okla. Ornithol. Soc.; 24(1):6-7. 1991. WR 224

Rosenberg, Kenneth V. and Gary H. Rosenberg FIRST DOCUMENTED RECORD OF SPARKLING-TAILED HUMMINGBIRD FROM SINALOA, MEXICO. Continental Birdlife; 1(3):57-61. June 1979. WR 177

Rosenzweig, Michael L. HUMMINGBIRD ISOLEGS IN AN EXPERIMENTAL SYSTEM. Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol.; 19(5):313-322. 1986. WR 204

Russell, Stephen M., ANNA'S HUMMINGBIRD (CALYPTE ANNA), The Birds of No. Amer. #226, 1996

Russell, Stephen M.; Ruth O. Russell and Susan Wethington LUCIFER HUMMINGBIRDS BANDED IN SOUTHEASTERN ARIZONA. N. Am. Bird Bander; 19(3):96-98. 1994. WR 250

Sargent, Robert R.; Sargent, Martha B. Buff-bellied hummingbird (Amazilia yucatanensis) first banding in Alabama. Ala. Birdlife; 42(2):2-7. 1996.

Sargent, Robert R. and Martha B. Sargent SECOND RECORD FOR THE CALLIOPE HUMMINGBIRD (STELLULA CALLIOPE) IN ALABAMA. Ala. Birdlife; 38(1):1-3. 1991. WR 227

Sargent, Robert R.; Sargent, Martha B.; Berger, Duane J.; Berger, Donna G. Green violet-ear hummingbird (Colibri thalassinus) first record for Alabama. Ala. Birdlife; 42(2):7-10. 1996.

Sazima, Ivan; Silvana Buzato and Marlies Sazima THE SAW-BILLED HERMIT RAMPHODON NAEVIUS AND ITS FLOWERS IN SOUTHEASTERN BRAZIL. J. Ornithol.; 136(2):195-206. 1995. In English with German summ. WR 250

Sazima, I.; Silvana Buzato and Marlies Sazima THE BIZARRE INFLORESCENCE OF NORANTEA BRASILIENSIS (MARCGRAVIACEAE): VISITS OF HOVERING AND PERCHING BIRDS. Bot. Acta; 106(6):507-513. 1993. WR 241

Sazima, Marlies HUMMINGBIRD POLLINATION OF /BARBACENIA FLAVA/ (VELLOZIACCAE) IN THE SERRA DO CIPO, MINAS GERAIS, BRAZIL. Flora; 166 (3): 239-247. 1977. From Ecol. Abstr. 1978/6:78L/6980. 1978. WR 175

Sazima, Marlies; Ivan Sazima and Silvana Buzato NECTAR BY DAY AND NIGHT: SIPHOCAMPYLUS SULFUREUS (LOBELIACEAE) POLLINATED BY HUMMINGBIRDS AND BATS. Plant Syst. Evol.; 191(3-4):237-246. 1994. WR 246

Schemske, Douglas W. TIME BUDGET AND FORAGING SITE PREFERENCE OF THE CINNAMON HUMMINGBIRD IN COSTA RICA. Condor; 77(2):216-217. 1975. WR 158:58

Schmidt, Gerald D. and Murray D. Dailey AMAZILOLEPIS TRINIDADENSIS GEN. N., SP. N. (CESTOIDEA: HYMENOLEPIDIDAE) FROM THE COPPER-RUMPED HUMMINGBIRD, AMAZILIA TOBACI, IN TRINIDAD, WEST INDIES. J. Helminthol. Soc. Wash.; 59(1):117-119. 1992. WR 229

Schmitz, Eleanor J. RUFOUS HUMMINGBIRD (SELASPHORUS RUFUS): 8 AUGUST 1989, SHOREWOOD, MILWAUKEE COUNTY. Passenger Pigeon; 52(2):205. 1990. WR 220

Schuchmann, Karl-L. LEK BEHAVIOUR OF GREEN HERMIT HUMMINGBIRDS (PHAETHORNIS GUY) IN SOUTHWESTERN COLOMBIA. J. Ornithol.; 136(2):213-217. 1995. In German with English summ. WR 250

Schuchmann, Karl-L. REPRODUCTIVE BIOLOGY OF THE PURPLE-CROWNED FAIRY (HELIOTHRYX BARROTI, TROCHILIDAE) - NOTES ON ANTIPREDATOR BEHAVIOUR. J. Ornithol.; 131(3):335-337. 1990. In English with German summ. WR 220

Schuchmann, Karl-L. RELEASE OF GAPING IN HUMMINGBIRDS (TROCHILIDAE). Wilson Bull.; 101(3):477-481. 1989. WR 215

Schuchmann, Karl-L. A NEST OF THE SAPPHIRE-VENTED PUFFLEG ERIOCNEMIS LUCIANI. Bull. Br. Ornithol. Club; 108(1):13-14. 1988. WR 210

Schuchmann, Karl-L. FIRST RECORD OF THE GREY-CHINNED HERMIT (PHAETHORNIS GRISEOGULARIS) WEST OF THE COLOMBIAN ANDES, WITH NOTES ON THE DISPLAYS OF THE SPECIES. Wilson Bull.; 99(1):122-123. 1987. WR 206

Schuchmann, Karl-L. THE DISPLAY OF THE BOOTED RACKET-TAILED HUMMINGBIRD OCREATUS UNDERWOODII, WITH NOTES ON THE SYSTEMATIC POSITION OF THE GENUS. Bull. Br. Ornithol. Club; 107(1):20-22. 1987. WR 206

Schuchmann, K.-L. NATAL CARE AND GROWTH IN A NESTLING REDDISH HERMIT PHAETHORNIS RUBER IN SURINAM. Ardea; 74(1):101-104. 1986. In English with Dutch summ. WR 202

Schuchmann, Karl-L. MORPHO- AND THERMOGENESIS IN NESTLING BLUE-THROATED HUMMINGBIRDS (LAMPORNIS CLEMENCIAE). J. Ornithol.; 126(3):305-308. 1985. In German with English summ. WR 199

Schuchmann, Karl L. TWO HUMMINGBIRD SPECIES, ONE A NEW SUBSPECIES, NEW TO BOLIVIA. Bull. Br. Ornithol. Club; 104(1):5-7. Mar. 1984. WR 193

Schuchmann, Karl-L. ANALYSIS AND ONTOGENY OF THE GAPING BEHAVIOUR IN HUMMINGBIRDS. [ ANALYSE UND ONTOGENESE DES SPERRVERHALTENS BEI TROCHILIDEN. ] J. Ornithol.; 124(1):65-74. Jan. 1983. In German with English summ. WR 189

Schuchmann, Karl-L. and Frank Abersfelder [ENERGY REGULATION AND TEMPORAL PATTERNING OF FEEDING IN AN ANDEAN HUMMINGBIRD, AGLAEACTIS CUPRIPENNIS. J. Ornithol.; 127(2):205-215. 1986. In German with English summ. WR 202

Schuchmann, Karl-L. and Hermine Jakob ENERGY REGULATION OF TROPICAL HUMMINGBIRDS. [ ENERGIEHAUSHALT TROPISCHER TROCHILIDEN. ] Okol. Vogel; 3(2):281-306. Dec. 1981. In German with English summ. WR 191

Schuchmann, K.-L.; K. Krüger and R. Prinzinger TORPOR IN HUMMINGBIRDS. Bonn. Zool. Beitr.; 34(1-3):273-277. 1983. In English with German summ. WR 191

Schuchmann, Karl-L. METABOLISM OF FLYING HUMMINGBIRDS. Ibis; 121 (1): 85-86. Jan. 1979. WR 173

Schuchmann, Karl-L. ENERGETICAL RESPONSES TO VARIOUS AMBIENT TEMPERATURES IN THE HUMMINGBIRD /OCREATUS U. UNDERWOODII/. [ ENERGIEUMSATZ IN ABHAENGIGKEIT VON DER UMGEBUNGSTEMPERATUR BEIM KOLIBRI /OCREATUS U. UNDERWOODII/. ] J. Ornithol.; 120 (3): 311-315. July 1979. In German with English summ. WR 175

Schuchmann, Karl-L. NOTES ON THE SONG, TERRITORIAL BEHAVIOUR AND THE DISPLAY OF THE ANTILLEAN CRESTED HUMMINGBIRD /ORTHORHYNCUS CRISTATUS EXILIS/ OF ST. LUCIA, W.I. Bull. Br. Ornithol. Club; 99 (1): 30-32. Mar. 1979. WR 174

Schuchmann, K.-L. NECTAR INTAKE IN A PURPLE-THROATED CARIB HUMMINGBIRD (/EULAMPIS JUGULARIS/) IN SPITE OF TONGUE AND BEAK INJURIES. Ardea; 66 (3): 124-125. Mar. 1979. WR 175

Schuchmann, Karl-L. NOTES ON SEXUAL DIMORPHISM AND THE NEST OF THE GREENISH PUFFLEG /HAPLOPHAEDIA AURELIAE CAUCENSIS/. Bull Br. Ornithol. Club; 99 (2): 59-60. June 1979. WR 175

Schuchmann, Karl-L. ALLOPATRIC SPECIATION IN THE HUMMINGBIRD GENUS /TROCHILUS/. [ ALLOPATRISCHE ARTBILDUNG BEI DER KOLIBRIGATTUNG /TROCHILUS/. ] Ardea; 66(4):156-172. June 1979. In German with English summ. WR 176

Schuchmann, Karl-Ludwig SEXUAL CHARACTERISTICS, HABITAT AND BREEDING BIOLOGICAL OBSERVATIONS OF COELIGENA COELIGENA FERRUGINEA (AVES: TROCHILIDAE). [ GESCHLECHTSMERKMALE, LEBENSRAUM UND BRUTBIOLOGISCHE BEOBACHTUNGEN VON COELIGENA COELIGENA FERRUGINEA (CHAPMAN 1917) (AVES: TROCHILIDAE). ] Senckenb. Biol.; 58(3/4):137-141. 16 Feb. 1978. In German with English summ. WR 188

Schuchmann, Karl-L. NOTES ON THE RUFOUS-CAPPED THORNBILL /CHALCOSTIGMA RUFICEPS/, A NEW HUMMINGBIRD SPECIES FOR COLOMBIA. Bull. Br. Ornithol. Club; 98 (4): 115-116. Dec. 1978. WR 173

Schuchmann, Karl-L. ON THE ECOLOGY OF JAMAICAN HUMMINGBIRDS. [ ZUR ÖKOLOGIE JAMAIKANISCHER KOLIBRIARTEN. ] J. Ornithol.; 121(1):71-80. Jan. 1980. In German with English summ. WR 177

Schuchmann, Karl-L. NOTES ON THE RUFOUS-CAPPED THORNBILL /CHALCOSTIGMA RUFICEPS/, A NEW HUMMINGBIRD SPECIES FOR COLOMBIA. Bull. Br. Ornithol. Club; 98 (4): 115-116. Dec. 1978. WR 173

Schuchmann, Karl-L. and Roland Prinzinger ENERGY METABOLISM, NOCTURNAL TORPOR, AND RESPIRATION FREQUENCY IN A GREEN HERMIT (PHAETHORNIS GUY). J. Ornithol.; 129(4):469-472. 1988. In English with German summ. WR 212

Schuchmann, Karl-L. and Schmidt-Marloh, Dagmar TEMPERATURE REGULATION IN NON-TORPID HUMMINGBIRDS. Ibis; 121 (3): 354-356. July 1979. WR 175

Schuchmann, Karl-Ludwig; Schmidt-Marloh, Dagmar and Bell, Hans ENERGETICAL REGULATION OF FEEDING BY A TROPICAL HUMMINGBIRD, /AMAZILIA TZACATL/. [ ENERGETISCHE UNTERSUCHUNGEN BEI EINER TROPISCHEN KOLIBRIART (/AMAZILIA TZACATL/). ] J. Ornithol.; 120 (1): 78-85. Jan. 1979. In German with English summ. WR 173

Schuchmann, K.-L. and G. Schuchmann-Wegert NOTES ON THE DISPLAYS AND MOUNTING BEHAVIOUR IN THE PURPLE-THROATED CARIB HUMMINGBIRD (EULAMPIS JUGULARIS. . Bonn. Zool. Beitr.; 35(4):327-334. 1984. In English with German summ. WR 197

Schumacher, Carol RUBY-THROATED HUMMINGBIRD OBSERVATIONS: WINONA. Loon; 66(4):211-212. 1994-95. WR 248

Schürer, Ulrich and Jürgen Bock HOLDING AND BREEDING OF THE STREAMERTAIL TROCHILUS POLYTMUS POLYTMUS (LINNÉ, 1758). [ HALTUNG UND ZUCHT DES JAMAIKAKOLIBRIS, TROCHILUS POLYTMUS POLYTMUS (LINNÉ, 1758). ] Zool. Gart.; 53(3/5):169-195. 1983. In German with English summ. WR 193

Scott, Peter E. LUCIFER HUMMINGBIRD, CALOTHORAX LUCIFER. The Birds of North America. A. Poole and F. Gill, editors. No. 134. 20p. 1994. The entire. Birds of North America; Series is available c/o Acad. Nat. Philadelphia, 1900 Benjamin Franklin Pkwy., Philadelphia, PA 19103-1195. Individual issues are available for purchase from the American Birding Assoc. in Colorado Springs, Colo. For more information contact ABA at 1-800-634-7736 or P.O. Box 6599, Colorado Springs, CO 80934-6599. WR 247

Scott, Peter E. A CLOSER LOOK: LUCIFER HUMMINGBIRD. Birding; 25(4):245-251. 1993. WR 238

Scott, Peter Evans ECOLOGICAL CONSEQUENCES OF VARIATION IN POLLINATOR AVAILABILITY: OCOTILLO, CARPENTER BEES, AND HUMMINGBIRDS IN TWO DESERTS. Ph.D. dissertation, La. State Univ. & Agric. & Mechanical Coll.; 144p. 1989. From Diss. Abstr. Int. B Sci. Eng. 51(2):552-553. 1990. Order No. DA9017291. WR 221

Sealy, Spencer G. RUBY-THROATED HUMMINGBIRD ASSOCIATING WITH A FORAGING HAIRY WOODPECKER. Blue Jay; 44(4):241-242. 1986. WR 205

Sealy, Spencer G. DEFENSE OF NECTAR RESOURCES BY MIGRATING CAPE MAY WARBLERS. J. Field Ornithol.; 60(1):89-93. 1989. In English with Spanish summ. WR 213

Seddon, N.; Barnes, R.; Butchart, S. H. M.; Davies, C. W. N.; Fernandez, M. Recent observations and notes on the ecology of the royal sunangel Heliangelus regalis. Bull. Br. Ornithol. Club; 116(1):46-49. 1996.

Segerstrom, Jean RUFOUS HUMMINGBIRD IN WEST TWIN LAKE, CROW WING COUNTY. Loon; 65(1):47-48. 1993. WR 236

Seutin, Gilles; Apanius, Victor Gray flycatcher predation on a hummingbird. Wilson Bull.; 107(3):565-567. 1995.

Shane, Thomas G.; Shane, Sara J. Invasion of the calliopes. Horned Lark; 23(4):11. 1996. ("Abstracts of Papers Presented at the Fall Kansas Ornithological Society Meeting"). Abstract only.

Shepherd, William, Joseph Neal, thomas Foti and Douglas James, EXTRALIMITAL HUMMINGBIRDS

IN ARKANSAS, Proceedings, Arkansas Academy of Science, Fol. 41, 1988

Sick, Helmut and Dante Martin Teixeira NOCTURNAL ACTIVITIES OF BRAZILIAN HUMMINGBIRDS AND FLYCATCHERS AT ARTIFICIAL ILLUMINATION. Auk; 98(1):191-192. Jan. 1981. WR 183

Sizemore, Colleen RUFOUS HUMMINGBIRD IN BELTRAMI COUNTY. Loon; 60(2):90. 1988. WR 211

Smith, C. E.; Stevens, J. T.; Temeles, E. J.*; Ewald, P. W.; Hebert, R. J.; Bonkovsky, R. L. Effect of floral orifice width and shape on hummingbird-flower interactions. Oecologia; 106(4):482-492. 1996. 2 fig. ; 16 tab.

Smith, Hugh P., Jr. FEARLESS ANNA'S. Bird Watcher's Digest; 15(5):32-37. 1993. WR 241

Smith, W. K.; S. W. Roberts and P. C. Miller CALCULATING THE NOCTURNAL ENERGY EXPENDITURE OF AN INCUBATING ANNA'S HUMMINGBIRD. Condor; 76(2):176-183. 1974. WR 155:38

Smyth, J. Donald MATING BEHAVIOR OF THE RUBY-THROATED HUMMINGBIRD. Md. Birdlife; 46(3):84-85. 1990. WR 230

Snow, Barbara K. RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN HERMIT HUMMINGBIRDS AND THEIR FOOD PLANTS IN EASTERN ECUADOR. Bull. Br. Ornithol. Club; 101(4):387-396. Dec. 1981. WR 185

Snow, Barbara K. THE NEST AND TERRITORIALITY OF A FEMALE TYRIAN

METALTAIL. Wilson Bull.; 92(4):508-509. Dec. 1980. WR 181

Snow, Barbara K. FEEDING BEHAVIOR OF TWO HUMMINGBIRDS IN A COSTA RICAN MONTANE FOREST. Wilson Bull.; 89 (4): 613-616. Dec. 1977. WR 169

Snow, Barbara K. COMPARISON OF THE LEKS OF GUY'S HERMIT HUMMINGBIRD /PHAETHORNIS GUY/ IN COSTA RICA AND TRINIDAD. Ibis; 119 (2): 211-214. Apr. 1977. WR 166

Snow, Barbara K. LEK BEHAVIOUR AND BREEDING OF GUY'S HERMIT HUMMINGBIRD /PHAETHORNIS GUY/. Ibis; 116(3):278-297. July 1974. WR 160

Snow, Barbara K. THE BEHAVIOR AND ECOLOGY OF HERMIT HUMMINGBIRDS IN THE KANAKU MOUNTAINS, GUYANA. Wilson Bull.; 85(2):163-177. June 1973. WR 150:69

Snow, Barbara K. SOCIAL ORGANIZATION OF THE HAIRY HERMIT /GLAUCIS HIRSUTA/. Ardea; 61(1-2):94-105. May 1973. In English with Dutch summ. WR 161

Snow, Barbara K. and Gochfeld, M. FIELD NOTES ON THE NESTS OF THE GREEN-FRONTED LANCEBILL /DORYFERA LUDOVICIAE/ AND THE BLUE-FRONTED LANCEBILL /DORYFERA JOHANNAE/. Bull. Br. Ornithol. Club; 97 (4): 121-125. Dec. 1977. WR 169

Snow, Barbara K. and D. W. Snow BREEDING OF THE GREEN-BELLIED HUMMINGBIRD. Auk; 91(3):626. July 1974. WR 156:63

Snow, Barbara K. and D. W. Snow FEEDING NICHES OF HUMMINGBIRDS IN A TRINIDAD VALLEY. J. Anim. Ecol.; 41(2):471-485. June 1972. WR 146:88

Snow, D. W. THE USE OF ESPELETIA BY PARAMO HUMMINGBIRDS IN THE EASTERN ANDES OF COLOMBIA. Bull. Br. Ornithol. Club; 103(3):89-94. Sept. 1983. WR 191

Snow, David W. and Barbara K. Snow FEEDING ECOLOGY OF HUMMINGBIRDS IN THE SERRA DO MAR, SOUTHEASTERN BRAZIL. El Hornero; 12(4):286-296. 1986. In English with Spanish summ. WR 210 WR 210

Snow, David W. and Barbara K. Snow RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN HUMMINGBIRDS AND FLOWERS IN THE ANDES OF COLOMBIA. Bull. Br. Mus. (Nat. Hist.) Zool. Ser.; 38(2):105-139. 27 Mar. 1980. WR 178

Snow, D. W. and Snow, Barbara K. THE BREEDING OF THE HAIRY HERMIT /GLAUCIS HIRSUTA/ IN TRINIDAD. Ardea; 61(1-2):106-122. May 1973. InEnglish with Dutch summ. WR 161

Snow, David W. and Dante L. Teixeira HUMMINGBIRDS AND THEIR FLOWERS IN THE COASTAL MOUNTAINS OF SOUTHEASTERN BRAZIL. J. Ornithol.; 123(4):446-450. Oct. 1982. In English with German summ. WR 188

Sorrie, Bruce A. NOTE ON THE IDENTIFICATION OF SELASPHORUS AND ARCHILOCHUS HUMMINGBIRDS. Bird Observer East. Mass.; 8(4):143-146.Aug. 1980. WR 179

Southwick, Edward E. ASPECTS OF AN INTERRUPTED INCUBATION BY THE RUBY-THROATED HUMMINGBIRD. Jack-Pine Warbler; 55 (2): 58-62. June 1977. WR 166

Southwick, E. E. and A. K. Southwick ENERGETICS OF FEEDING ON TREE SAP BY RUBY-THROATED HUMMINGBIRDS IN MICHIGAN. Am. Midl. Nat.; 104(2):328-334. Oct. 1980. WR 180

Spofford, Sally Hoyt, SOME STICKY SOLUTIONS, The Living Bird Qtly 4(2): 5-9, 1985

Spofford, Sally Hoyt ABILITY OF BLUE-THROATED AND RIVOLI'S HUMMINGBIRDS TO SURVIVE SUBFREEZING TEMPERATURES. West. Birds; 11(1):49-52. 1980. WR 185

Stein, Bruce A. SICKLEBILL HUMMINGBIRDS, ANTS, AND FLOWERS. BioScience; 42(1):27-33. 1992. WR 228

Stein, Bruce A. PLANT-ANIMAL INTERACTIONS AS A TOOL FOR PHYLOGENETIC INFERENCE IN ANDEAN LOBELIOIDS. Am. J. Bot. (Suppl.); 77(6):176. 1990. Abstract only. WR 222

Stephens, D. W. and S. R. Paton HOW CONSTANT IS THE CONSTANT OF RISK-AVERSION? Anim. Behav.; 34(6):1659-1667. 1986. WR 205

Stepney, H. R. and Peter C. Boxall FIRST RECORD OF THE BLACK-CHINNED HUMMINGBIRD IN ALBERTA. Wilson Bull.; 93(3):405-406. Sept. 1981. WR 185

Stiles, F. Gary A new species of emerald hummingbird (Trochilidae, Chlorostilbon) from the Sierra de Chiribiquete, southeastern Colombia, with a review of the C. mellisugus complex. Wilson Bull.; 108(1):1-27. 1996.

Stiles, F. Gary Intraspecific and interspecific variation in molt patterns of some tropical hummingbirds. Auk; 112(1):118-132. 1995.

Stiles, F. Gary [Distribution and variation in the pale-bellied hermit (Phaethornis anthophilus) in Colombia] [ Distribucion y variacion en el ermitaño carinegro (Phaethornis anthophilus) en Colombia. ] Caldasia; 18(86):119-130. 1995. 1 fig.; 3 tab.

Stiles, F. Gary Behavioral, ecological and morphological correlates of foraging for arthropods by the hummingbirds of a tropical wet forest. Condor; 97(4):853-878. 1995.

Stiles, F. Gary EFFECTS OF A SEVERE DROUGHT ON THE POPULATION BIOLOGY OF A TROPICAL HUMMINGBIRD. Ecology; 73(4):1375-1390. 1992. WR 232

Stiles, F. Gary SEASONAL PATTERNS AND COEVOLUTION IN THE HUMMINGBIRD-FLOWER COMMUNITY OF A COSTA RICAN SUBTROPICAL FOREST. Ornithol.Monogr.; No. 36. p. 757-787. 1985. In English with Spanish summ. WR 204

Stiles, F. Gary GEOGRAPHIC VARIATION IN THE FIERY-THROATED HUMMINGBIRD, PANTERPE INSIGNIS. Ornithol. Monogr.; No. 36. p. 23-30. 1985.In English with Spanish summ. WR 204

Stiles, F. Gary SYSTEMATICS OF THE SOUTHERN FORMS OF SELASPHORUS (TROCHILIDAE). Auk; 100(2):311-325. Apr. 1983. WR 190

Stiles, F. Gary AGGRESSIVE AND COURTSHIP DISPLAYS OF THE MALE ANNA'S HUMMINGBIRD. Condor; 84(2):208-225. May 1982. WR 186

Stiles, F. Gary, ECOLOGICAL AND EVOLUTIONARY ASPECTS OF BIRD-FLOWER COADAPTIONS, Int'l Ornith. Congress XVII, 1980

Stiles, F. Gary THE ANNUAL CYCLE IN A TROPICAL WET FOREST HUMMINGBIRD COMMUNITY. Ibis; 122(3):322-343. July 1980. WR 179

Stiles, F. Gary, ECOLOGICAL AND EVOLUTIONARY IMPLICATIONS OF BIRD POLLINATION, Amer. Zool. 18: 715-727, 1978

Stiles, F. Gary TEMPORAL ORGANIZATION OF FLOWERING AMONG THE HUMMINGBIRD FOODPLANTS OF A TROPICA WET FOREST. Biotropica; 10 (3): 194-210. Sept. 1978. In English with Spanish summ. WR 172

Stiles, F. Gary COADAPTED COMPETITORS: THE FLOWERING SEASONS OF HUMMINGBIRD-POLLINATED PLANTS IN A TROPICAL FOREST. Science; 198 (4322): 1177-1178. 16 Dec. 1977. WR 168

Stiles, F. Gary TASTE PREFERENCES, COLOR PREFERENCES, AND FLOWER CHOICE IN HUMMINGBIRDS. Condor; 78 (1): 10-26. 1976. WR 162

Stiles, F. Gary ECOLOGY, FLOWERING PHENOLOGY, AND HUMMINGBIRD POLLINATION OF SOME COSTA RICAN HELICONIA SPECIES. Ecology; 56(2):285-301. 1975. WR 158:58

Stiles, F. Gary FOOD SUPPLY AND THE ANNUAL CYCLE OF THE ANNA HUMMINGBIRD. Univ. Calif. Publ. Zool.; 97. 109p. 30 May 1973. WR 162

Stiles, F. Gary, AGE AND SEX DETERMINATION IN RUFOUS AND ALLEN HUMMINGBIRDS, The Condor 74: 25-32, 1972

Stiles, F. Gary AGE AND SEX DETERMINATION IN RUFOUS AND ALLEN HUMMINGBIRDS. Condor; 74(1):25-32. 1972. WR 145:57

Stiles, F. Gary, ON THE FIELD IDENTIFICATION OF CALIFORNIA HUMMINGBIRDS, California Birds, Vol. 2, No. 2, 1971

Stiles, F. Gary TIME, ENERGY AND TERRITORIALITY OF THE ANNA HUMMINGBIRD (CALYPTE ANNA. . Science; 173(3999):818-821. 27 Aug. 1971. WR 144:131

Stiles, Frank Garfield III. FOOD SUPPLY AND THE ANNUAL CYCLE OF THE ANNA HUMMINGBIRD. Ph.D. thesis, Univ. Calif. (Los Angeles); 239p. 1970. From Diss. Abstr. Int. B Sci. Eng. 31(7), 1971. WR 141:56

Stiles, F. Gary and C. Edward Freeman PATTERNS IN FLORAL NECTAR CHARACTERISTICS OF SOME BIRD-VISITED PLANT SPECIES FROM COSTA RICA. Biotropica; 25(2):191-205. 1993. WR 237

Stiles, F. G. and L. L. Wolf A POSSIBLE CIRCANNUAL MOLT RHYTHM IN A TROPICAL HUMMINGBIRD. Am. Nat.; 108(961):341-354. May-June 1974. WR 153:41

Stiles, F. Gary and Larry L. Wolf TECHNIQUES FOR COLOR-MARKING HUMMINGBIRDS. Condor; 75(2):244-245. 1973. WR 150:65

Stone, Larry ANOTHER RUFOUS HUMMINGBIRD IN CLAYTON CO. Iowa Bird Life; 58(1):27. 1987. WR 210

Stone, Larry RUFOUS HUMMINGBIRD IN CLAYTON COUNTY. Iowa Bird Life; 56(4):121-122. 1986. WR 204

Stone, Judy L. Components of pollination effectiveness in Psychotria suerrensis, a tropical distylous shrub. Oecologia; 107(4):504-512. 1996.

Stouffer, Philip C.; Bierregaard, Richard O., Jr. Effects of forest fragmention on understory hummingbirds in Amazonian Brazil. Conserv. Biol.; 9(5):1085-1094. 1995.

Strnad, Forest RUFOUS HUMMINGBIRD IN RICE COUNTY. Loon; 64(4):235. 1992. WR 235

Strnad, Forest BANDING RUBY-THROATED HUMMINGBIRDS IN MINNESOTA. Inl. Bird Banding News; 45(6):215-217. Nov.-Dec. 1973. WR 151:50

Stromberg, Mark R. and Peter B. Johnsen HUMMINGBIRD SWEETNESS PREFERENCES: TASTE OR VISCOSITY? Condor; 92(3):606-612. 1990. WR 221

Suarez, R. K. HUMMINGBIRD FLIGHT: SUSTAINING THE HIGHEST MASS-SPECIFIC METABOLIC RATES AMONG VERTEBRATES. Experientia (Basel); 48(6):565-570. 1992. WR 232

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Sutherland, Glenn D.; Gass, Clifton Lee Learning and remembering of spatial patterns by hummingbirds. Anim. Behav.; 50(5):1273-1286. 1995.

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Swanson, Wally HUMMINGBIRD IMPALED ON FENCE. Loon; 57(4):179. 1985. WR 201

Tamm, Staffan IMPORTANCE OF ENERGY COSTS IN CENTRAL PLACE FORAGING BY HUMMINGBIRDS. Ecology; 70(1):195-205. 1989. WR 213

Tamm, Staffan TRACKING VARYING ENVIRONMENTS: SAMPLING BY HUMMINGBIRDS. Anim. Behav.; 35(6):1725-1734. 1987. WR 211

Tamm, Staffan BREEDING TERRITORY QUALITY AND AGONISTIC BEHAVIOR: EFFECTS OF ENERGY AVAILABILITY AND INTRUDER PRESSURE IN HUMMINGBIRDS. Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol.; 16(3):203-207. 1985. WR 198

Tamm, Staffan; Doug P. Armstrong and Zena J. Tooze DISPLAY BEHAVIOR OF MALE CALLIOPE HUMMINGBIRDS DURING THE BREEDING SEASON. Condor; 91(2):272-279. 1989. WR 214

Tamm, Staffan and Clifton Lee Gass ENERGY INTAKE RATES AND NECTAR CONCENTRATION PREFERENCES BY HUMMINGBIRDS. Oecologia (Berl.); 70(1):20-23. 1986. WR 213

Taylor, J. Mary and Joseph W. Kamp FEEDING ACTIVITIES OF THE ANNA'S HUMMINGBIRD AT SUBFREEZING TEMPERATURES. Condor; 87(2):292-293. 1985. WR 198

Temeles, Ethan J. A new dimension to hummingbird-flower relationships. Oecologia; 105(4):517-523. 1996. 4 fig.

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Tessen, Daryl D. ANNA'S HUMMINGBIRD (CALYPTE ANNA): 1 DECEMBER 1990, WAUKESHA CO., WALES. Passenger Pigeon; 53(3):284. 1991. WR 228

Thomas, C. D.; P. M. Lackie; M. J. Brisco and D. N. Hepper INTERACTIONS BETWEEN HUMMINGBIRDS AND BUTTERFLIES AT A HAMELIA PATENS BUSH. Biotropica; 18(2):161-165. 1986. WR 203

Thompson, Fred; Fuller, Wade; Holmes, Bob First record of Calliope hummingbird in North Carolina. Chat; 61(1):52-53. 1997.

Thompson, Max C.; Marvin Schwilling and J. Allen White NEW DISTRIBUTIONAL RECORDS FOR THE STATE OF KANSAS. Kans. Ornithol. Soc. Bull.; 31(3):26-27. Sept. 1980. WR 179

Tiebout, Harry M., III Costs and benefits of interspecific dominance rank: are subordinates better at finding novel food locations? Anim. Behav.; 51(6):1375-1381. 1996. 3 fig.

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Tiebout, Harry M. III. COMPARATIVE ENERGETICS OF DIVERGENT FORAGING MODES: A DOUBLY LABELLED WATER EXPERIMENT ON HUMMINGBIRD COMPETITION. Anim. Behav.; 44(5):895-906. 1992. WR 235

Tiebout, Harry M. III. ENERGETICS OF COMPETITION AND GUILD STRUCTURE OF NEOTROPICAL HUMMINGBIRDS. Acta XX Congressus Internationalis Ornithologici. Ben D. Bell, R. O. Cossee, J. E. C. Flux, B. D. Heather, R. A. Hitchmough, C. J. R. Robertson, and M. J. Williams, editors.; Vol. II. p. 1175-1179. 1991. WR 229

Tiebout, Harry M. III. DAYTIME ENERGY MANAGEMENT BY TROPICAL HUMMINGBIRDS: RESPONSES TO FORAGING CONSTRAINT. Ecology; 72(3):839-851. 1991. WR 225

Tiebout, Harry Morgan III. ENERGETICS OF TROPICAL HUMMINGBIRDS: EFFECTS OF FORAGING MODE, COMPETITION, AND RESOURCE AVAILABILITY. Ph.D. dissertation, Univ. Fla.; 1990. WR 220

Tiebout, Harry M. III. TESTS OF A MODEL OF FOOD PASSAGE RATES IN HUMMINGBIRDS. Auk; 106(2):203-208. 1989. WR 214

Tiebout, H. M. III. BEHAVIORAL ENERGETICS OF COMPETITION IN HUMMINGBIRDS: FORAGING STRATEGY VS. FOOD DENSITY. Am. Zool.; 29(4):9A. 1989. Abstract only. WR 218

Tiebout, Harry M. III. DAYTIME HYPOMETABOLIC COMPENSATION TO FORAGING STRESS IN HUMMINGBIRDS. Bull. Ecol. Soc. Am.; 70(2):280. 1989. Abstract only. WR 216

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Tiebout, Harry M. III and Kenneth A. Nagy VALIDATION OF THE DOUBLY LABELED WATER METHOD (3HH18O) FOR MEASURING WATER FLUX AND CO2 PRODUCTION IN THE TROPICAL HUMMINGBIRD AMAZILIA SAUCEROTTEI. Physiol. Zool.; 64(1):362-374. 1991. WR 224

Tomlinson, Becki Rufous hummingbird (Selasphorus rufus), 1 August 1995, Poynette, Columbia County. Passenger Pigeon; 58(2):205-206. 1996.

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Trombulak, Stephen C. A BATHING ASSEMBLY OF BLUE-VENTED HUMMINGBIRDS (AMAZILIA SAUCEROTTEI) IN COSTA RICA. Condor; 85(4):495-496. Nov. 1983. WR 192

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Vieira, Milene Faria; de Carvalho-Okano, Rita M. Pollination biology of Mabea fistulifera (Euphorbiaceae) in southeastern Brazil. Biotropica; 28(1):61-68. 1996. 2 fig.; 2 tab.

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Wagner, Helmuth O., THE MOLT OF HUMMINGBIRDS, Auk, Vol. 72, 1955

Walters, Michael A RE-EXAMINATION OF THE TYPES OF TROGON ROSSI AND ENSIFERA ENSIFERA CAERULESCENS. El Hornero; 12(4):301-302. 1986. In English with Spanish summ. WR 210

Walters, Michael The correct citation of the blue-chinned sapphire Chlorestes notatus. Bull. Br. Ornithol. Club; 116(4):270-271. 1996.

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Waser, Nickolas M. FOOD SUPPLY AND NEST TIMING OF BROAD-TAILED HUMMINGBIRDS IN THE ROCKY MOUNTAINS. Condor; 78(1):133-135. 1976. WR 162

Waser, Nikolas M. and Calder, William A. POSSIBLE IMPAIRMENT OF NEST-BUILDING OF HUMMINGBIRDS BY ACETATE LEG TAGS. Condor; 77(3):361. 1975. WR 160

Waser, Nickolas M. and Inouye, David W. IMPLICATIONS OF RECAPTURES OF BROAD-TAILED HUMMINGBIRDS BANDED IN COLORADO. Auk; 94 (2): 393-395. Apr. 1977. WR 166

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Welker, Heather J. FOOD COLOR PREFERENCE IN THE ANNA'S HUMMINGBIRD. West. Birds; 15(1):23-27. 1984. WR 196

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Wells, Dominic J. and Charles P. Ellington BEYOND THE VERTEBRATES: ACHIEVING MAXIMUM POWER DURING FLIGHT IN INSECTS AND HUMMINGBIRDS. Adv. Vet. Sci. Comp. Med.; Vol. 38B. p. 219-232. 1994. WR 246

Wells, Shirley and Luis F. Baptista DISPLAYS AND MORPHOLOGY OF AN ANNA X ALLEN HUMMINGBIRD HYBRID. Wilson Bull.; 91(4):524-532. Dec. 1979. WR 177

Wells, Shirley and Luis F. Baptista BREEDING OF ALLEN'S HUMMINGBIRD (SELASPHORUS SASIN SEDENTARIUS) ON THE SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA MAINLAND. West. Birds; 10(2):83-85. 1979. WR 185

Wells, Shirley; Baptista, Luis F.*; Bailey, Stephen F.; Horblit, Helen M. Age and sex determination in Anna's hummingbird by means of tail pattern. West. Birds; 27(4):204-206. 1996.

Wells, Shirley; Bradley, Richard A. and Baptista, Luis F. HYBRIDIZATION IN /CALYPTE/ HUMMINGBIRDS. Auk; 95 (3): 537-549. July 1978. WR 171

Weske, John S. A NEW SUBSPECIES OF COLLARED INCA HUMMINGBIRD (COELIGENA TORQUATA) FROM PERU. Ornithol. Monogr.; No. 36. p. 41-45. 1985. In English with Spanish summ. WR 204

Weske, John S. and Terborgh, John W. /PHAETHORNIS KOEPCKEAE/, A NEW SPECIES OF HUMMINGBIRD FROM PERU. Condor; 79 (2): 143-147. 1977. WR 168

West, Steve SUMMER RECORDS OF BIRDS IN BELIZE DURING JULY, 1991. Belize Audubon Soc. Newsl.; 23(4):10. 1991. WR 228

Westcott, David A. LEKS OF LEKS: A ROLE FOR HOTSPOTS IN LEK EVOLUTION? Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B Biol. Sci.; 258(1353):281-286. 1994. WR 248

Weydemeyer, Winton INJURED CALLIOPE HUMMINGBIRD LIFTED BY ANOTHER. Auk; 88(2):431. Apr. 1971. WR 143:86

Wheeler, Thomas G. EXPERIMENTS IN FEEDING BEHAVIOR OF THE ANNA HUMMINGBIRD. Wilson Bull.; 92(1):53-62. Mar. 1980. WR 178

White, Ellen M.; Bennett, Gordon F. and Williams, Norman A. AVIAN HAEMOPROTEIDAE. 11. THE HAEMOPROTEIDS OF THE HUMMINGBIRD FAMILY TROCHILIDAE. Can. J. Zool.; 57 (4): 908-913. Apr. 1979. In English with French summ. WR 174

Whitney, N. R., Jr. ARCHILOCHUS SPECIES OBSERVED AT RAPID CITY. S.D. Bird Notes; 30(1):17. Mar. 1978. WR 188

Wiard, Brenda HUMMINGBIRDS IN HAND. Bird Watcher's Digest; 15(5):44-49. 1993. WR 241

Wiedenfeld, David A. NESTS OF THREE ANDEAN HUMMINGBIRD SPECIES. Bull. Br. Ornithol. Club; 105(4):113-116. 1985. WR 201

Wiley, R. Haven SONG GROUPS IN A SINGING ASSEMBLY OF LITTLE HERMITS. Condor; 73(1):28-35. 1971. WR 141:57

Williamson, Francis S. I., THE MOLT AND TESTIS CYCLES OF THE ANNA'S HUMMINGBIRD, The Condor, Vol. 58, 1956

Willimont, Lori A.; Stanley E. Senner and Laurie J. Goodrich FALL MIGRATION OF RUBY-THROATED HUMMINGBIRDS IN THE NORTHEASTERN UNITED STATES. Wilson Bull.; 100(3):482-488. 1988. WR 211

Winker, Kevin; Mario A. Ramos; John H. Rappole and Dwain W. Warner A NOTE ON CAMPYLOPTERUS EXCELLENS IN SOUTHERN VERACRUZ, WITH A GUIDE TO SEXING CAPTURED INDIVIDUALS. J. Field Ornithol.; 63(3):339-343. 1992. In English with Spanish summ. WR 232

Withers, Philip C. RESPIRATION, METABOLISM, AND HEAT EXCHANGE OF EUTHERMIC AND TORPID POORWILLS AND HUMMINGBIRDS. Physiol. Zool.; 50 (1): 43-52. Jan. 1977. WR 167

Witt, Hans ALTITUDINAL VARIATION AND ANNUAL CYCLES IN THE STREAMERTAIL TROCHILUS POLYTMUS. Gosse Bird Club Broadsheet; no. 34. p. 7-11. Mar. 1980. WR 177

Witzeman, Janet PLAIN-CAPPED STARTHROATS IN THE UNITED STATES. Continental Birdlife; 1(1):1-3. Feb. 1979. WR 177

Wolf, Larry L. MECHANISM OF FEATHER REPLACEMENT IN A HUMMINGBIRD. Auk; 92(1):152. Jan. 1975. WR 157:42

Wolf, Larry L. FEMALE TERRITORIALITY IN THE PURPLE-THROATED CARIB. Auk; 92(3):511-522. July 1975. WR 158:58

Wolf, Larry L. "PROSTITUTION" BEHAVIOR IN A TROPICAL HUMMINGBIRD. Condor; 77(2):140-144. 1975. WR 158:58

Wolf, Larry L. EVOLUTION OF PAIR COOPERATION IN A TROPICAL HUMMINGBIRD. Evolution; 24(4):772-773. 1970. From Biol. Abstr. 52(13), 1971. WR 143:56

Wolf, Larry L. and Frank B. Gill PHYSIOLOGICAL AND ECOLOGICAL ADAPTATIONS OF HIGH MONTANE SUNBIRDS AND HUMMINGBIRDS. High Altitude Tropical Biogeography. Francois Vuilleumier and Maximina Monasterio, editors.; p. 103-119. 1986. WR 211

Wolf, L. L. and F. R. Hainsworth NON-RANDOM FORAGING BY HUMMINGBIRDS: PATTERNS OF MOVEMENT BETWEEN IPOMOPSIS AGGREGATA (PURSCH) V. GRANT INFLORESCENCES. Funct. Ecol.; 4(2):149-157. 1990. WR 219

Wolf, Larry L. and F. Reed Hainsworth ECONOMICS OF FORAGING STRATEGIES IN SUNBIRDS AND HUMMINGBIRDS. Behavioral Energetics: The Cost of Survival in Vertebrates. Wayne P. Aspey and Sheldon I. Lustick, editors.; p. 223-264. 1983. WR 199

Wolf, Larry L. and Hainsworth, F. Reed TEMPORAL PATTERNING OF FEEDING BY HUMMINGBIRDS. Anim. Behav.; 25 (4): 976-989. Nov. 1977. WR 169

Wolf, Larry L. and F. Reed Hainsworth TIME AND ENERGY BUDGETS OF TERRITORIAL HUMMINGBIRDS. Ecology; 52(6):980-988. 1971. WR 148:74

Wolf, Larry L.; F. Reed Hainsworth and F. Gary Stiles ENERGETICS OF FORAGING: RATE AND EFFICIENCY OF NECTAR EXTRACTION BY HUMMINGBIRDS. Science; 176(4041):1351-1352. 23 June 1972. WR 148:74

Wolf, Larry L.; Stiles, F. Gary and Hainsworth, F. Reed ECOLOGICAL ORGANIZATION OF TROPICAL, HIGHLAND HUMMINGBIRD COMMUNITY. J. Anim. Ecol.; 45 (2): 349-379. June 1976. WR 166

Wolf, Larry L. and Janet S. Wolf NESTING OF THE PURPLE-THROATED CARIB HUMMINGBIRD. Ibis; 113(3):306-315. 1971. WR 143:87

Womack, Ellie, OCCURRENCE OF ALBINISTIC HUMMINGBIRDS IN OKLAHOMA, Bull. of the Oklahoma Ornithological Society, Vol. XXVIII, No. 2, 1995

Womack, Ellie NOTABLE RECAPTURES OF BANDED RUBY-THROATED HUMMINGBIRDS. Bull. Okla. Ornithol. Soc.; 27(4):30-31. 1994. WR 251

Woods, Robert S., THE HUMMINGBIRDS OF CALIFORNIA, The Auk 64(3): 297-318, 1927

Worthington, Peter L. First occurrence of blue-throated hummingbird (Lampornis clemenciae) in South Carolina. Chat; 60(2):64-65. 1996.

Yanega, Gregor M.; Pyle, Peter*; Geupel, Geoffrey R. The timing and reliability of bill corrugations for ageing hummingbirds. West. Birds; 28(1):13-18. 1997.

Yeaton, Richard I. and Laughrin, Lyndall FALL RESOURCE DIVISION IN SANTA CRUZ ISLAND HUMMINGBIRDS. Wilson Bull.; 88(2):272-279. June 1976. WR 162

Young, Allen M. FORAGING FOR INSECTS BY A TROPICAL HUMMINGBIRD. Condor; 73(1):36-45. 1971. WR 141:57

Yunick, Robert P. THE FIRST BANDING OF RUFOUS HUMMINGBIRD IN NEW YORK STATE. N. Am. Bird Bander; 19(4):147-148. 1994. WR 252

Zimmerman, Dale A. RANGE EXPANSION OF ANNA'S HUMMINGBIRD. Am. Birds; 27(5):827-835. Oct. 1973. WR 151:54

Zusi, Richard L. and Gregory Dean Bentz MYOLOGY OF THE PURPLE-THROATED CARIB (EULAMPIS JUGULARIS) AND OTHER HUMMINGBIRDS (AVES: TROCHILIDAE). Smithson. Contrib. Zool.; No. 385. 70p. 1984. WR 196