L-40 Canal Sediment Elevation Study: Initial Report Report #LOXA05-009 by Orlando Diaz Everglades Research and Education Center University of Florida Belle Glade, Florida and Michael G. Waldon Arthur R. Marshall Loxahatchee National Wildlife Refuge US Fish and Wildlife Service Boynton Beach, Florida Cooperative agreement number 40181-4-J021A January 2006 Report #LOXA05-009 Page 2 of 39 January 2006 L-40 Canal Sediment Elevation Study: Initial Report Summary There is a concern that discharge from STA-1E may result in re-suspension of high- phosphorus sediments that have accumulated on the bottom of the L-40 Canal over the years since its construction in the early 1950s (Light and Dineen 1994). It is hypothesized that this sediment and phosphorus may then be entrained into the Arthur R. Marshall National Wildlife Refuge (Refuge) marsh. This report summarizes initial findings of sediment elevation surveys in the L-40 Canal. The data presented here precede STA-1E discharge, with the exception of 2 weeks of emergency stormwater pumping in September 2004, and small seepage and maintenance pumping. It is observed that canal sediment elevation can be repeatedly measured with a precision of less than or equal to 0.1 foot (1 standard deviation). Future studies will assess changes in sediment elevation following significant STA-1E pumping. Introduction In FY04, Congress appropriated funds to the Arthur R. Marshall Loxahatchee National Wildlife Refuge (Refuge) for water quality monitoring and modeling. The work reported here is a part of that larger monitoring effort (Brandt et al. 2004), and supports the development of a better understanding of mechanisms that impact surface water total phosphorus concentrations in the Refuge. These sediment elevation studies are a part of a Cooperative Ecosystem Studies Unit (CESU, see http://cesu.org/) cooperative agreement project between the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and the University of Florida (Principal Investigator Dr. Samira Daroub). Sediments in canals throughout the Everglades Water Conservation Areas (WCAs) sequester large quantities of phosphorus (Daroub et al. 2002). Concerns have been expressed by Refuge staff related to the discharge from STA-1E affecting distribution and transport of L-40 Canal sediments and associated phosphorus. This monitoring project is intended to provide information related change in canal sediment elevation and, thus, in sediment mobilization within the L-40 Canal. Although studies by Dr. Daroub and her research team have established that canal sediments are spatially variable throughout the WCAs, little is known about temporal variability of sediment depths. The monitoring study described in this report will, when completed, characterize temporal variation in canal sediment elevations in response to alteration in canal discharge. Specifically, this study monitors changes in the surface elevation of sediments within the L-40 canal (Fig. 1) prior to and following commencement of discharge from the STA-1E discharge pump station, S-362. At the time of initial drafting of this report, September 2005, four pre-discharge surveys have been performed on cross-sections of five transects. The project plan calls for six surveys per year (approximately bimonthly) to be performed over a three-year (36 months) period. This report covers the first four surveys. Report #LOXA05-009 Page 3 of 39 January 2006 Construction of the L-40 canal on the east side of the Refuge during the 1950s initiated the complete isolation of the Refuge from its original watershed (Light and Dineen 1994). The system changed from a dynamic flow-through, sheet-flow driven fluvial system to an impounded marsh. Today, pumped stormwater and any entrained canal sediments may intrude into the interior wetlands of the Refuge resulting in adverse impacts from nutrients and other contaminants. The study site for this research is near the confluence of the STA-1E discharge channel and the L-40 Canal on the east side of the Refuge in Palm Beach County, Florida. The construction of STA-1E is being managed by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE). Construction on the inflow and outflow pump stations commenced in May 2000 and September 2000, respectively, and both were completed early 2003. Full startup commenced in September 2005. Once in operation, treated water from STA-1E will be discharged into the L-40 canal through the S-362 pump station. Prior University of Florida, IFAS research work has demonstrated that farm canals have a significant impact on the total P concentration discharged from EAA farms (Daroub et al. 2002; Stuck 1996). It is reasonable to inquire whether the canals in the WCA water distribution network downstream of the STAs could have a similar impact, particularly in view of the low concentration of P that will be discharged into them as STA technology matures. Because of the potential P load within these canals, questions have been raised regarding the effect that future flows from operational STAs may have on sediment re- suspension and nutrient transport to downstream ecosystems. Methods Five transects located on the L-40 Canal are being monitored in this study. These locations were previously surveyed in 2002 (Daroub, et al., 2002) and it is of interest to compare that data with new data from this project, especially after heavy bypass and pumping due to Hurricanes Frances and Jeanne in September and October 2004 (USFWS 2005). The final decision on the location of the study sites was made in cooperation with IFAS and Refuge personnel. Two transect sites were located north, and three south, of the STA-1E discharge canal (Table 1, Fig. 2). This set of sites was selected from a more extensive set measured in the previous IFAS study. Site names are consistent with those used in the previous study. Selected transect locations were determined by GPS for future reference. Each transect location was marked by rebar posts permanently installed at the waters edge on both sides of the L-40 Canal. At each site an arbitrary elevation reference mark was established a short distance above the water surface. During each study the vertical distance from the mark to the water surface was measured to the nearest 0.01 ft (i. e. a tapedown measurement was performed). Approximate elevation of the tapedown marks at each site was estimated by adding the tapedown length to the surface water elevation at the G-94C headwater site measured in the February 2005 studies. For each survey, the water surface elevation at the site was estimated as the tapedown elevation minus the tapedown length. Sediment Report #LOXA05-009 Page 4 of 39 January 2006 elevation was then estimated by subtracting depth to consolidated sediment (DCS) from water surface elevation. At each site, for each visit, water surface elevation relative to the arbitrary elevation of a fixed mark is determined by tapedown measurements from this permanent mark. The tapedown length is the measured vertical distance from the mark to the water surface. Stage measured at the1-8C staff gauge is recorded for reference, but in this study it is not adequate to precisely determine water surface elevation at the sites because wind or flow may cause a surface slope in the canal between the 1-8C site and the study site which could vary excessively between sampling dates. Depth to consolidated sediment from the water surface is measured from a small boat. Lateral distance across the canal is measured along a taut cable extending between the posts. The cable is attached to an anchor stake, passed over a nail or hook on the post, extended across the canal, and similarly anchored on the opposite bank. The cable is marked to provide distance measurements from the bank, and, as a safety measure, visibility of the cable is enhanced using flagging tied to the cable. Initial measurements were performed at 2.5 ft (0.762 m) intervals (stations) across the section to provide at least 30 measurements. Subsequent surveys measured at 5 standardized stations located 30, 40, 50, 60, and 70 ft (9.14, 12.19, 15.24, 18.29, and 21.34 m) from the interior post across the section. Consolidated sediment depth at each transect station is measured with a calibrated submersible footpad. Depth of the sediment surface below the water surface is determined by carefully lowering the neutrally buoyant submersible footpad until it rests on the sediment surface. Depth to consolidated sediment relative to the arbitrary datum of the staff gauge or mark on the post is calculated for each measurement by adding depth to the tapedown reading. Four surveys are reported here, and future measurements will be performed at least six times per year (approximately bimonthly) over the remainder of this three year project. All measurements are estimated and recorded to within 0.02 foot (6 mm) where possible. Results and Discussion Site selection and installation of permanent posts on both sides of the L-40 canal was delayed due to problems caused by hurricanes Frances and Jeanne in 2004, but was completed by early 2005 (Tables 2-3). The first survey was performed in February 2005, and additional surveys were performed in April, July, and September 2005. The first survey in February measured depth to consolidated sediment along transects at 2.5-foot horizontal spacing (Fig. 3). Because of constrained time and available effort, subsequent surveys measured depth only at distances of 30, 40, 50, 60, and 70 feet from the interior post using a taught line stretched between the posts. An additional station at 75 (22.86 m) feet was added to transect L40-19 because rocks at the 70-foot station reduced the repeatability of the depth measurement. Report #LOXA05-009 Page 5 of 39 January 2006 The University of Florida Everglades Research and Education Center (EREC) provided all field equipment used during the sediment surveys. Dr. Orlando Diaz organized and led the surveys crews, and all survey personnel were provided by the EREC. Precision of elevation measurements is estimated here under the assumption that no change in sediment surface elevation occurred over the period of these initial surveys. Precision of elevation measurement as characterized by the temporal standard deviation of measurements at single stations and over station average elevations appears to be near or below 0.1 foot (0.03 m). Within this measurement precision, consolidated sediment elevations have been stable throughout the 2005 studies (Table 2, Fig. 4). Cross-sectional elevation also appears to have changed little since the 2001 study by Stuck and others reported in Daroub et al. (2002). Direct comparison of these earlier data with data from the current study is confounded by uncertainty of water surface elevation. The previous study estimated stage everywhere in the perimeter canals using the G-310 pump station tailwater stage. Additionally, no fixed tapedown marks were established in these earlier studies. In spite of these limitations, figures 5(a) through 5(e) demonstrate the similarity between these earlier cross-sections and those collected in February 2005. Thus, it is concluded that the sediment surface elevation was relatively unchanged between the 2001 and 2005 studies. These figures also plot elevation of the hard substrate underlying soft sediment determined by the use of a penetrometer in 2001. It is assumed that these soft low-density sediments measured and characterized in the earlier study are susceptible to entrainment during relatively high velocity flow events. At this time, there are no plans within this study to perform additional penetrometer measurements at these sites. No statistical treatment of the elevation data has been completed at this time. It is anticipated that statistical change analysis will be reported in the next report on this project in late 2006. At that time, data from studies following startup of STA-1E should be available. Citations Brandt, L. A., Harwell, M. C., and Waldon, M. G. (2004). "Work Plan: Water Quality Monitoring and Modeling for the A.R.M. Loxahatchee National Wildlife Refuge." available at , Arthur R. Marshall Loxahatchee National Wildlife Refuge, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Boynton Beach, FL. Daroub, S., Stuck, J. D., Rice, R. W., Lang, T. A., and Diaz, O. A. (2002). "Implementation and Verification of BMPs for Reducing Loading in the EAA and Everglades Agricultural Area BMPs for Reducing Particulate Phosphorus Transport." Phase 10 Annual Report, WM 754, Everglades Research and Education Center, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Belle Glade. Report #LOXA05-009 Page 6 of 39 January 2006 Light, S. S., and Dineen, W. J. (1994). "Water control in the Everglades: A historical perspective." Everglades: The ecosystem and its restoration, S. M. Davis and J. C. Ogden, eds., St. Lucie Press, Delray Beach, FL, 47-84. Stuck, J. D. (1996). "Particulate phosphorus transport in the water conveyance systems in the Everglades Agricultural Area," Ph. D. Dissertation, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL. USFWS. (2005). "Arthur R. Marshall National Wildlife Refuge Annual Narrative Report: Calendar Year 2004." US Fish and Wildlife Service, Boynton Beach, FL. Report #LOXA05-009 Page 7 of 39 January 2006 Table 1. Distance below the G-300 of study cross-sectional transects and structures, and tapedown reference mark elevation estimated from G94-C headwater stage. Locations in decimal degrees are also shown. Mark Approx. Distance Elevation Lattitude Longitude Site (km) (ft) (degrees) (degrees) G-300 0 -26.677 -80.349 L40-26 3.6 18.98 26.650 -80.349 L40-25 5.3 17.96 26.639 -80.338 S-362 8.1 -26.623 -80.316 L40-22 10.2 18.04 26.613 -80.299 ACME#1PS 11.3 -26.608 -80.285 G-94D 13.7 -26.593 -80.274 L40-19 15.0 18.46 26.583 -80.264 L40-17 18.3 18.95 26.559 -80.255 Report #LOXA05-009 Page 8 of 39 January 2006 Table 2. Sediment surface elevation (ft) measured at central locations along transects, and spatial (75 foot station not averaged) and temporal elevation averages at these sites. The temporal standard deviation is also shown. Measurement Distance from interior post (ft) Location Date 30 40 50 60 70 75 Average L40-17 2/17/2005 7.55 6.43 6.35 6.57 8.13 7.01 4/19/2005 7.58 6.42 6.42 6.70 8.20 7.06 7/19/2005 7.47 6.41 6.35 6.59 8.23 7.01 9/16/2005 7.42 6.38 6.33 6.60 8.28 7.00 Average 7.51 6.41 6.36 6.62 8.21 7.02 St Dev 0.07 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.06 0.05 L40-19 2/17/2005 6.57 4/19/2005 6.55 7/19/2005 6.27 9/16/2005 6.46 Average 6.46 St Dev 0.14 5.79 5.77 6.77 9.17 6.81 5.77 5.77 6.89 9.25 6.85 5.71 5.75 7.03 9.43 6.84 5.76 5.90 6.90 9.40 10.40 6.88 5.76 5.80 6.90 9.31 6.85 0.03 0.07 0.11 0.12 0.09 L40-22 2/17/2005 7.75 4/19/2005 7.86 7/19/2005 7.88 9/16/2005 7.85 Average 7.84 St Dev 0.06 5.69 5.19 5.13 5.69 5.89 5.74 5.34 5.14 5.68 5.95 5.78 5.18 5.10 5.70 5.93 5.83 5.29 5.25 5.83 6.01 5.76 5.25 5.16 5.73 5.95 0.06 0.08 0.07 0.07 0.07 L40-25 2/15/2005 7.10 4/20/2005 7.20 7/21/2005 7.24 9/15/2005 7.06 Average 7.15 St Dev 0.08 6.08 5.88 5.84 5.94 6.17 6.18 5.94 5.94 5.94 6.24 6.26 5.94 5.92 6.00 6.27 6.26 5.98 5.94 6.04 6.26 6.20 5.94 5.91 5.98 6.23 0.09 0.04 0.05 0.05 0.06 L40-26 2/15/2005 7.26 4/20/2005 7.27 7/21/2005 7.31 9/15/2005 7.08 Average 7.23 St Dev 0.10 5.76 5.22 4.94 5.18 5.67 5.77 5.25 5.03 5.25 5.71 5.95 5.37 5.15 5.37 5.83 5.92 5.40 5.28 5.40 5.82 5.85 5.31 5.10 5.30 5.76 0.10 0.09 0.15 0.10 0.11 Report #LOXA05-009 Page 9 of 39 January 2006 Table 3. Deviation of elevation from temporal average elevation (ft). Measurement Distance from interior post (ft) Location Date 30 40 50 60 70 75 L40-17 2/17/2005 -0.04 -0.02 0.01 0.04 0.08 4/19/2005 -0.08 -0.01 -0.06 -0.09 0.01 7/19/2005 0.04 0.00 0.01 0.02 -0.02 9/16/2005 0.08 0.03 0.03 0.01 -0.07 Average 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 St Dev 0.07 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.06 L40-19 2/17/2005 4/19/2005 7/19/2005 9/16/2005 Average St Dev -0.11 -0.03 0.03 0.13 0.14 -0.09 -0.01 0.03 0.01 0.06 0.19 0.05 0.05 -0.13 -0.12 0.00 0.00 -0.10 0.00 -0.09 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.14 0.03 0.07 0.11 0.12 L40-22 2/17/2005 4/19/2005 7/19/2005 9/16/2005 Average St Dev 0.08 0.07 0.06 0.03 0.04 -0.03 0.02 -0.09 0.02 0.04 -0.04 -0.02 0.07 0.05 0.03 -0.02 -0.07 -0.04 -0.10 -0.10 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.06 0.06 0.08 0.07 0.07 L40-25 2/15/2005 4/20/2005 7/21/2005 9/15/2005 Average St Dev 0.05 0.12 0.05 0.07 0.04 -0.05 0.01 -0.01 -0.03 0.04 -0.09 -0.07 -0.01 -0.01 -0.02 0.09 -0.07 -0.05 -0.03 -0.06 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.08 0.09 0.04 0.05 0.05 L40-26 2/15/2005 4/20/2005 7/21/2005 9/15/2005 Average St Dev -0.03 0.09 0.09 0.16 0.12 -0.04 0.08 0.06 0.07 0.05 -0.08 -0.10 -0.06 -0.05 -0.07 0.15 -0.07 -0.09 -0.18 -0.10 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.10 0.10 0.09 0.15 0.10 Report #LOXA05-009 Page 10 of 39 January 2006 Figure 1. Site location map. A.R.M. Loxahatchee National Wildlife Refuge, WCA-1 Report #LOXA05-009 Page 11 of 39 January 2006 Figure 2. Location of L-40 cross-section sites used in this and previous studies. Cross- section locations monitored in this study are circled. S-362 Water Conservation Area - 1 Report #LOXA05-009 Page 12 of 39 January 2006 Figure 3. Transect cross-sectional elevation of consolidated sediment surface measured during the initial studies in February 2005. 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Sediment Surface Elevation (ft) 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 Distance from Interior Post (ft) 26 25 22 19 17 January 2006 Figure 4. transect. Average Elevation 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.0 7.5 Report #LOXA05-009 Page 13 of 39 Temporal plot of spatial average elevation of 5-points measured at each 11-Oct-200527-Sep-200513-Sep-200530-Aug-200516-Aug-20052-Aug-200519-Jul-20055-Jul-200521-Jun-20057-Jun-200524-May-200510-May-200526-Apr-200512-Apr-200529-Mar-200515-Mar-20051-Mar-200515-Feb-20051-Feb-2005 Feet L40-17 L40-19 L40-22 L40-25 L40-26 Report #LOXA05-009 Page 14 of 39 January 2006 Figure 5. Elevation of consolidated sediment estimated in February 2005 and August 2001. Elevation of hard substrate determined by penetrometer during the August 2001 study is also shown. Sites are (a) L40-26, (b) L40-25, (c) L40-22, (d) L4019, and (e) L40-17. (a) -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 Sediment Surface Elevation (ft) L40-26 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 Distance from Interior Post (ft) Feb-05 Aug-01 Aug-01 Penetrometer Report #LOXA05-009 Page 15 of 39 January 2006 (b) 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 -2 -4 -6 Sediment Surface Elevation (ft) L40-25 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 Distance from Interior Post (ft) Feb-05 Aug-01 Aug-01 Penetrometer Report #LOXA05-009 Page 16 of 39 January 2006 (c) -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 Sediment Surface Elevation (ft) L40-22 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 Distance from Interior Post (ft) Feb-05 Aug-01 Aug-01 Penetrometer Report #LOXA05-009 Page 17 of 39 January 2006 (d) -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 Sediment Surface Elevation (ft) L40-19 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 Distance from Interior Post (ft) Feb-05 Aug-01 Aug-01 Penetrometer Report #LOXA05-009 Page 18 of 39 January 2006 (e) -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 Sediment Surface Elevation (ft) L40-17 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 Distance from Interior Post (ft) Feb-05 Aug-01 Aug-01 Penetrometer Report #LOXA05-009 Page 19 of 39 January 2006 Appendix: Survey data and calculations Report #LOXA05-009 Page 20 of 39 January 2006 Sediment Surface Elevation Transmittal Form Everglades Research and Education Center University of Florida, Belle Glade, FL 33430 Transect ID: L40-17 1-8C: S-362: 15.59 ft 2:23 PM Time & Date: 2/17/2005 9:10 G-94C: 15.68 ft 2:23 PM G-300: 15.70 ft 2:23 PM Tapedown: 3.27 ft 9:10 AM G-94D Researchers: O. Diaz & J. Mayo Distance Depth From Distance Depth From From Water Surface Penetrometer From Water Surface Penetrometer Interior Post to Sediment Depth Interior Post to Sediment Depth (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft) 0 Interior post 77.5 5.21 2.5 2.53 80 4.67 5 3.07 82.5 4.07 7.5 3.79 85 3.45 10 4.69 87.5 3.03 12.5 5.41 90 2.53 15 6.43 92.5 2.03 17.5 6.97 95 2.01 20 7.67 97.5 22.5 7.77 100 Levee side post 25 7.79 102.5 27.5 7.95 105 30 8.13 107.5 32.5 8.35 110 35 8.63 112.5 37.5 8.89 115 40 9.25 117.5 42.5 9.41 120 45 9.41 122.5 47.5 9.33 125 50 9.33 127.5 52.5 9.25 130 55 9.23 132.5 57.5 9.13 135 60 9.11 137.5 62.5 8.85 140 65 8.57 142.5 67.5 8.05 145 70 7.55 147.5 72.5 6.83 150 75 5.91 Report #LOXA05-009 Page 21 of 39 January 2006 Sediment Surface Elevation Transmittal Form Everglades Research and Education Center University of Florida, Belle Glade, FL 33430 Transect ID: L40-19 1-8C: S-362: 15.59 ft 2:23 PM Time & Date: 2/17/2005 10:00 G-94C: 15.68 ft 2:23 PM G-300: 15.70 ft 2:23 PM Tapedown: 2.78 ft 10.00 AM G-94D Researchers: O. Diaz & J. Mayo Distance Depth From Distance Depth From From Water Surface Penetrometer From Water Surface Penetrometer Interior Post to Sediment Depth Interior Post to Sediment Depth (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft) 0 Interior post 77.5 4.91 2.5 3.07 80 4.47 5 3.65 82.5 3.95 7.5 4.23 85 3.41 10 4.93 87.5 2.83 12.5 5.65 90 2.37 15 6.33 92.5 2.01 17.5 6.91 95 Levee side post 20 7.43 97.5 22.5 7.97 100 25 8.27 102.5 27.5 8.71 105 30 9.11 107.5 32.5 9.39 110 35 9.53 112.5 37.5 9.71 115 40 9.89 117.5 42.5 9.93 120 45 9.99 122.5 47.5 9.95 125 50 9.91 127.5 52.5 9.77 130 55 9.61 132.5 57.5 9.23 135 60 8.91 137.5 62.5 8.29 140 65 7.75 142.5 67.5 7.43 145 70 6.51 Rocks 147.5 72.5 5.87 150 75 5.37 Report #LOXA05-009 Page 22 of 39 January 2006 Sediment Surface Elevation Transmittal Form Everglades Research and Education Center University of Florida, Belle Glade, FL 33430 Transect ID: L40-22 1-8C: S-362: 15.59 ft 2:23 PM Time & Date: 2/17/2005 10:50 G-94C: 15.68 ft 2:23 PM G-300: 15.70 ft 2:23 PM Tapedown: 2.36 ft 10:50 AM G-94D Researchers: O. Diaz & J. Mayo Distance Depth From Distance Depth From From Water Surface Penetrometer From Water Surface Penetrometer Interior Post to Sediment Depth Interior Post to Sediment Depth (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft) 0 Interior post 77.5 9.09 2.5 2.11 80 8.57 5 2.51 82.5 7.95 7.5 2.87 85 7.21 10 3.31 87.5 6.47 12.5 3.79 90 5.95 15 4.33 92.5 5.15 17.5 4.77 95 4.57 20 5.27 97.5 3.67 22.5 5.85 100 3.23 25 6.55 102.5 2.87 27.5 7.19 105 2.53 30 7.93 107.5 2.31 32.5 8.63 110 Levee side post 35 9.19 112.5 37.5 9.71 115 40 9.99 117.5 42.5 10.21 120 45 10.27 122.5 47.5 10.37 125 50 10.49 127.5 52.5 10.51 130 55 10.55 132.5 57.5 10.59 135 60 10.55 137.5 62.5 10.49 140 65 10.39 142.5 67.5 10.21 145 70 9.99 147.5 72.5 9.75 150 75 9.41 Report #LOXA05-009 Page 23 of 39 January 2006 Sediment Surface Elevation Transmittal Form Everglades Research and Education Center University of Florida, Belle Glade, FL 33430 Transect ID: L40-25 1-8C: S-362: 15.65 ft 3:41 PM Time & Date: 2/15/2005 11:00 G-94C: 15.71 ft 3:42 PM G-300: 15.78 ft 3:41 PM Tapedown: 2.25 ft 11:00 AM G-94D Researchers: O. Diaz & J. Mayo Distance Depth From Distance Depth From From Water Surface Penetrometer From Water Surface Penetrometer Interior Post to Sediment Depth Interior Post to Sediment Depth (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft) 0 Interior post 77.5 9.69 2.5 3.09 80 9.59 5 3.47 82.5 9.49 7.5 3.89 85 9.45 10 4.31 87.5 9.33 12.5 4.79 90 9.31 15 5.33 92.5 9.17 17.5 5.99 95 9.15 20 6.49 97.5 8.99 22.5 7.13 100 8.89 25 7.87 102.5 8.53 27.5 8.33 105 8.15 30 8.61 107.5 7.69 32.5 8.99 110 7.29 35 9.23 112.5 7.03 37.5 9.43 115 6.67 40 9.63 117.5 6.19 42.5 9.75 120 5.59 45 9.79 122.5 5.27 47.5 9.81 125 4.55 50 9.83 127.5 4.21 52.5 9.85 130 3.85 55 9.87 132.5 3.55 57.5 9.87 135 3.33 60 9.87 137.5 3.05 62.5 9.91 140 2.77 65 9.87 142.5 2.63 67.5 9.85 145 2.53 70 9.77 147.5 2.25 72.5 9.79 150 Levee side post 75 9.73 Report #LOXA05-009 Page 24 of 39 January 2006 Sediment Surface Elevation Transmittal Form Everglades Research and Education Center University of Florida, Belle Glade, FL 33430 Transect ID: L40-26 1-8C: S-362: 15.65 ft 3:41 PM Time & Date: 2/15/2005 12:25 G-94C: 15.71 ft 3:42 PM G-300: 15.78 ft 3:41 PM Tapedown: 3.27 ft 12:25 PM G-94D Researchers: O. Diaz & J. Mayo Distance Depth From Distance Depth From From Water Surface Penetrometer From Water Surface Penetrometer Interior Post to Sediment Depth Interior Post to Sediment Depth (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft) 0 Interior post 77.5 10.39 2.5 2.63 80 10.33 5 3.05 82.5 10.25 7.5 3.59 85 10.27 10 4.09 87.5 10.05 12.5 4.61 90 9.89 15 5.29 92.5 9.81 17.5 5.75 95 9.61 20 6.33 97.5 9.41 22.5 6.87 100 9.21 25 7.45 102.5 8.89 27.5 8.07 105 8.53 30 8.45 107.5 8.15 32.5 8.95 110 7.79 35 9.37 112.5 7.39 37.5 9.69 115 6.93 40 9.95 117.5 6.43 42.5 10.15 120 5.87 45 10.33 122.5 5.33 47.5 10.43 125 4.87 50 10.49 127.5 4.41 52.5 10.65 130 3.93 55 10.71 132.5 3.53 57.5 10.83 135 3.21 60 10.77 137.5 2.85 62.5 10.73 140 2.53 65 10.71 142.5 2.19 67.5 10.61 145 Levee side post 70 10.53 147.5 72.5 10.51 150 75 10.43 Report #LOXA05-009 Page 25 of 39 January 2006 Sediment Surface Elevation Transmittal Form Everglades Research and Education Center University of Florida, Belle Glade, FL 33430 Transect ID: L40-17 1-8C: 16.03 ft 10:00 AM S-362: 15.78 ft 1:31 PM Time & Date: 4/19/2005 10:00 G-94C: 15.54 ft 10:18 AM G-300: 15.90 ft 1:10 PM Tapedown: 3.08 ft 10:00 AM G-94D Researchers: O. Diaz & M. Chen Distance Depth From Distance Depth From From Water Surface Penetrometer From Water Surface Penetrometer Interior Post to Sediment Depth Interior Post to Sediment Depth (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft) 0 Interior post 77.5 2.5 80 5 82.5 7.5 85 10 87.5 12.5 90 15 92.5 17.5 95 20 97.5 22.5 100 Levee side post 25 102.5 27.5 105 30 8.29 107.5 32.5 110 35 112.5 37.5 115 40 9.45 117.5 42.5 120 45 122.5 47.5 125 50 9.45 127.5 52.5 130 55 132.5 57.5 135 60 9.17 137.5 62.5 140 65 142.5 67.5 145 70 7.67 147.5 72.5 150 75 Report #LOXA05-009 Page 26 of 39 January 2006 Sediment Surface Elevation Transmittal Form Everglades Research and Education Center University of Florida, Belle Glade, FL 33430 Transect ID: L40-19 1-8C: 16.03 ft 10:00 AM S-362: 15.78 ft 1:31 PM Time & Date: 4/19/2005 10:30 G-94C: 15.54 ft 10:18 AM G-300: 15.90 ft 1:10 PM Tapedown: 2.58 ft 10.30 AM G-94D Researchers: O. Diaz & M. Chen Distance Depth From Distance Depth From From Water Surface Penetrometer From Water Surface Penetrometer Interior Post to Sediment Depth Interior Post to Sediment Depth (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft) 0 Interior post 77.5 2.5 80 5 82.5 7.5 85 10 87.5 12.5 90 15 92.5 17.5 95 Levee side post 20 97.5 22.5 100 25 102.5 27.5 105 30 9.33 107.5 32.5 110 35 112.5 37.5 115 40 10.11 117.5 42.5 120 45 122.5 47.5 125 50 10.11 127.5 52.5 130 55 132.5 57.5 135 60 8.99 137.5 62.5 140 65 142.5 67.5 145 70 6.63 Rocks 147.5 72.5 150 75 Report #LOXA05-009 Page 27 of 39 January 2006 Sediment Surface Elevation Transmittal Form Everglades Research and Education Center University of Florida, Belle Glade, FL 33430 Transect ID: L40-22 1-8C: 16.03 ft 10:00 AM S-362: 15.78 ft 1:31 PM Time & Date: 4/19/2005 11:35 G-94C: 15.54 ft 10:18 AM G-300: 15.90 ft 1:10 PM Tapedown: 2.17 ft 11.35 AM G-94D Researchers: O. Diaz & M. Chen Distance Depth From Distance Depth From From Water Surface Penetrometer From Water Surface Penetrometer Interior Post to Sediment Depth Interior Post to Sediment Depth (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft) 0 Interior post 77.5 2.5 80 5 82.5 7.5 85 10 87.5 12.5 90 15 92.5 17.5 95 20 97.5 22.5 100 25 102.5 27.5 105 30 8.01 107.5 32.5 110 Levee side post 35 112.5 37.5 115 40 10.13 117.5 42.5 120 45 122.5 47.5 125 50 10.53 127.5 52.5 130 55 132.5 57.5 135 60 10.73 137.5 62.5 140 65 142.5 67.5 145 70 10.19 147.5 72.5 150 75 Report #LOXA05-009 Page 28 of 39 January 2006 Sediment Surface Elevation Transmittal Form Everglades Research and Education Center University of Florida, Belle Glade, FL 33430 Transect ID: L40-25 1-8C: 15.92 ft 12:00 PM S-362: 15.72 ft 11:57 AM Time & Date: 4/20/2005 10:30 G-94C: 15.59 ft 11:30 AM G-300: 15.74 ft 11:59 AM Tapedown: 2.33 ft 10.30 AM G-94D Researchers: O. Diaz & J. Mayo Distance Depth From Distance Depth From From Water Surface Penetrometer From Water Surface Penetrometer Interior Post to Sediment Depth Interior Post to Sediment Depth (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft) 0 Interior post 77.5 2.5 80 5 82.5 7.5 85 10 87.5 12.5 90 15 92.5 17.5 95 20 97.5 22.5 100 25 102.5 27.5 105 30 8.43 107.5 32.5 110 35 112.5 37.5 115 40 9.45 117.5 42.5 120 45 122.5 47.5 125 50 9.69 127.5 52.5 130 55 132.5 57.5 135 60 9.69 137.5 62.5 140 65 142.5 67.5 145 70 9.69 147.5 72.5 150 Levee side post 75 Report #LOXA05-009 Page 29 of 39 January 2006 Sediment Surface Elevation Transmittal Form Everglades Research and Education Center University of Florida, Belle Glade, FL 33430 Transect ID: L40-26 1-8C: 15.92 ft 12:00 PM S-362: 15.72 ft 11.57 AM Time & Date: 4/20/2005 11:00 G-94C: 15.59 ft 11:30 AM G-300: 15.74 ft 11:59 AM Tapedown: 3.36 ft 11.00 AM G-94D Researchers: O. Diaz & J. Mayo Distance Depth From Distance Depth From From Water Surface Penetrometer From Water Surface Penetrometer Interior Post to Sediment Depth Interior Post to Sediment Depth (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft) 0 Interior post 77.5 2.5 80 5 82.5 7.5 85 10 87.5 12.5 90 15 92.5 17.5 95 20 97.5 22.5 100 25 102.5 27.5 105 30 8.35 107.5 32.5 110 35 112.5 37.5 115 40 9.85 117.5 42.5 120 45 122.5 47.5 125 50 10.37 127.5 52.5 130 55 132.5 57.5 135 60 10.59 137.5 62.5 140 65 142.5 67.5 145 Levee side post 70 10.37 147.5 72.5 150 75 Report #LOXA05-009 Page 30 of 39 January 2006 Sediment Surface Elevation Transmittal Form Everglades Research and Education Center University of Florida, Belle Glade, FL 33430 Transect ID: L40-17 1-8C: 15.22 ft 12:00 PM S-362: 11.99 ft 12:07 PM Time & Date: 7/19/2005 9:32 G-94C: 15.17 ft 12:04 PM G-300: 13.31 ft 12:12 PM Tapedown: 3.875 ft 9:32 AM G-94D Researchers: O. Diaz & J. Mayo Distance Depth From Distance Depth From From Water Surface Penetrometer From Water Surface Penetrometer Interior Post to Sediment Depth Interior Post to Sediment Depth (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft) 0 Interior post 77.5 2.5 80 5 82.5 7.5 85 10 87.5 12.5 90 15 92.5 17.5 95 20 97.5 22.5 100 Levee side post 25 102.5 27.5 105 30 7.61 107.5 32.5 110 35 112.5 37.5 115 40 8.67 117.5 42.5 120 45 122.5 47.5 125 50 8.73 127.5 52.5 130 55 132.5 57.5 135 60 8.49 137.5 62.5 140 65 142.5 67.5 145 70 6.85 147.5 72.5 150 75 Report #LOXA05-009 Page 31 of 39 January 2006 Sediment Surface Elevation Transmittal Form Everglades Research and Education Center University of Florida, Belle Glade, FL 33430 Transect ID: L40-19 1-8C: 15.22 ft 12:00 PM S-362: 11.99 ft 12:07 PM Time & Date: 7/19/2005 10:17 G-94C: 15.17 ft 12:04 PM G-300: 13.31 ft 12:12 PM Tapedown: 3.402 ft 10.17 AM G-94D Researchers: O. Diaz & J. Mayo Distance Depth From Distance Depth From From Water Surface Penetrometer From Water Surface Penetrometer Interior Post to Sediment Depth Interior Post to Sediment Depth (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft) 0 Interior post 77.5 2.5 80 5 82.5 7.5 85 10 87.5 12.5 90 15 92.5 17.5 95 Levee side post 20 97.5 22.5 100 25 102.5 27.5 105 30 8.79 107.5 32.5 110 35 112.5 37.5 115 40 9.35 117.5 42.5 120 45 122.5 47.5 125 50 9.31 127.5 52.5 130 55 132.5 57.5 135 60 8.03 137.5 62.5 140 65 142.5 67.5 145 70 5.63 Rocks 147.5 72.5 150 75 Report #LOXA05-009 Page 32 of 39 January 2006 Sediment Surface Elevation Transmittal Form Everglades Research and Education Center University of Florida, Belle Glade, FL 33430 Transect ID: L40-22 1-8C: 15.22 ft 12:00 PM S-362: 11.99 ft 12:07 PM Time & Date: 7/19/2005 10:58 G-94C: 15.17 ft 12:04 PM G-300: 13.31 ft 12:12 PM Tapedown: 2.914 ft 10.58 AM G-94D Researchers: O. Diaz & J. Mayo Distance Depth From Distance Depth From From Water Surface Penetrometer From Water Surface Penetrometer Interior Post to Sediment Depth Interior Post to Sediment Depth (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft) 0 Interior post 77.5 2.5 80 5 82.5 7.5 85 10 87.5 12.5 90 15 92.5 17.5 95 20 97.5 22.5 100 25 102.5 27.5 105 30 7.25 107.5 32.5 110 Levee side post 35 112.5 37.5 115 40 9.35 117.5 42.5 120 45 122.5 47.5 125 50 9.95 127.5 52.5 130 55 132.5 57.5 135 60 10.03 137.5 62.5 140 65 142.5 67.5 145 70 9.43 147.5 72.5 150 75 Report #LOXA05-009 Page 33 of 39 January 2006 Sediment Surface Elevation Transmittal Form Everglades Research and Education Center University of Florida, Belle Glade, FL 33430 Transect ID: L40-25 1-8C: 15.25 ft 10:00 AM S-362: 12.12 ft 9:37 AM Time & Date: 7/21/2005 8:43 G-94C: 15.18 ft 9:30 AM G-300: 11.57 ft 9:43 AM Tapedown: 2.75 ft 8.43 AM G-94D Researchers: O. Diaz & J. Mayo Distance Depth From Distance Depth From From Water Surface Penetrometer From Water Surface Penetrometer Interior Post to Sediment Depth Interior Post to Sediment Depth (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft) 0 Interior post 77.5 2.5 80 5 82.5 7.5 85 10 87.5 12.5 90 15 92.5 17.5 95 20 97.5 22.5 100 25 102.5 27.5 105 30 7.97 107.5 32.5 110 35 112.5 37.5 115 40 8.95 117.5 42.5 120 45 122.5 47.5 125 50 9.27 127.5 52.5 130 55 132.5 57.5 135 60 9.29 137.5 62.5 140 65 142.5 67.5 145 70 9.21 147.5 72.5 150 Levee side post 75 Report #LOXA05-009 Page 34 of 39 January 2006 Sediment Surface Elevation Transmittal Form Everglades Research and Education Center University of Florida, Belle Glade, FL 33430 Transect ID: L40-26 1-8C: 15.25 ft 10:00 AM S-362: 12.12 ft 9.37 AM Time & Date: 7/21/2005 9:22 G-94C: 15.18 ft 9:30 AM G-300: 11.57 ft 9:43 AM Tapedown: 3.741 ft 9.22 AM G-94D Researchers: O. Diaz & J. Mayo Distance Depth From Distance Depth From From Water Surface Penetrometer From Water Surface Penetrometer Interior Post to Sediment Depth Interior Post to Sediment Depth (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft) 0 Interior post 77.5 2.5 80 5 82.5 7.5 85 10 87.5 12.5 90 15 92.5 17.5 95 20 97.5 22.5 100 25 102.5 27.5 105 30 7.93 107.5 32.5 110 35 112.5 37.5 115 40 9.29 117.5 42.5 120 45 122.5 47.5 125 50 9.87 127.5 52.5 130 55 132.5 57.5 135 60 10.09 137.5 62.5 140 65 142.5 67.5 145 Levee side post 70 9.87 147.5 72.5 150 75 Report #LOXA05-009 Page 35 of 39 January 2006 Sediment Surface Elevation Transmittal Form Everglades Research and Education Center University of Florida, Belle Glade, FL 33430 Transect ID: L40-17 1-8C: 16.34 ft 10:00 AM S-362: 16.24 ft 10:44 AM Time & Date: 9/16/2005 9:04 G-94C: 15.57 ft 10:15 AM G-300: 16.24 ft 10:58 AM Tapedown: 2.723 ft 9:04 AM G-94D Pump ON Researchers: O. Diaz & J. Mayo ACME #1 Pump ON Distance Depth From Distance Depth From From Water Surface Penetrometer From Water Surface Penetrometer Interior Post to Sediment Depth Interior Post to Sediment Depth (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft) 0 Interior post 77.5 2.5 80 5 82.5 7.5 85 10 87.5 12.5 90 15 92.5 17.5 95 20 97.5 22.5 100 Levee side post 25 102.5 27.5 105 30 8.81 107.5 32.5 110 35 112.5 37.5 115 40 9.85 117.5 42.5 120 45 122.5 47.5 125 50 9.90 127.5 52.5 130 55 132.5 57.5 135 60 9.63 137.5 62.5 140 65 142.5 67.5 145 70 7.95 147.5 72.5 150 75 Report #LOXA05-009 Page 36 of 39 January 2006 Sediment Surface Elevation Transmittal Form Everglades Research and Education Center University of Florida, Belle Glade, FL 33430 Transect ID: L40-19 1-8C: 16.34 ft 10:00 AM S-362: 16.24 ft 10:44 AM Time & Date: 9/16/2005 9:45 G-94C: 15.57 ft 10:15 AM G-300: 16.24 ft 10:58 AM Tapedown: 2.210 ft 9.45 AM G-94D Pump ON Researchers: O. Diaz & J. Mayo ACME #1 Pump ON Distance Depth From Distance Depth From From Water Surface Penetrometer From Water Surface Penetrometer Interior Post to Sediment Depth Interior Post to Sediment Depth (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft) 0 Interior post 77.5 2.5 80 5 82.5 7.5 85 10 87.5 12.5 90 15 92.5 17.5 95 Levee side post 20 97.5 22.5 100 25 102.5 27.5 105 30 9.79 107.5 32.5 110 35 112.5 37.5 115 40 10.49 117.5 42.5 120 45 122.5 47.5 125 50 10.35 127.5 52.5 130 55 132.5 57.5 135 60 9.35 137.5 62.5 140 65 142.5 67.5 145 70 6.85 (Rocks) 147.5 72.5 150 75 5.85 Report #LOXA05-009 Page 37 of 39 January 2006 Sediment Surface Elevation Transmittal Form Everglades Research and Education Center University of Florida, Belle Glade, FL 33430 Transect ID: L40-22 1-8C: 16.34 ft 10:00 AM S-362: 16.24 ft 10:58 AM Time & Date: 9/16/2005 10:28 G-94C: 15.57 ft 10:15 AM G-300: 16.24 ft 10:44 AM Tapedown: 1.685 ft 10.28 AM G-94D Pump ON Researchers: O. Diaz & J. Mayo ACME #1 Pump ON Distance Depth From Distance Depth From From Water Surface Penetrometer From Water Surface Penetrometer Interior Post to Sediment Depth Interior Post to Sediment Depth (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft) 0 Interior post 77.5 2.5 80 5 82.5 7.5 85 10 87.5 12.5 90 15 92.5 17.5 95 20 97.5 22.5 100 25 102.5 27.5 105 30 8.51 107.5 32.5 110 Levee side post 35 112.5 37.5 115 40 10.53 117.5 42.5 120 45 122.5 47.5 125 50 11.07 127.5 52.5 130 55 132.5 57.5 135 60 11.11 137.5 62.5 140 65 142.5 67.5 145 70 10.53 147.5 72.5 150 75 Report #LOXA05-009 Page 38 of 39 January 2006 Sediment Surface Elevation Transmittal Form Everglades Research and Education Center University of Florida, Belle Glade, FL 33430 Transect ID: L40-25 1-8C: 16.35 ft 10:00 AM S-362: 00.00 ft 9:37 AM Time & Date: 9/15/2005 8:44 G-94C: 15.62 ft 10:00 AM G-300: 16.24 ft 10:16 AM Tapedown: 1.754 ft 8.44 AM G-94D Researchers: O. Diaz & J. Mayo Distance Depth From Distance Depth From From Water Surface Penetrometer From Water Surface Penetrometer Interior Post to Sediment Depth Interior Post to Sediment Depth (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft) 0 Interior post 77.5 2.5 80 5 82.5 7.5 85 10 87.5 12.5 90 15 92.5 17.5 95 20 97.5 22.5 100 25 102.5 27.5 105 30 9.15 107.5 32.5 110 35 112.5 37.5 115 40 9.95 117.5 42.5 120 45 122.5 47.5 125 50 10.23 127.5 52.5 130 55 132.5 57.5 135 60 10.27 137.5 62.5 140 65 142.5 67.5 145 70 10.17 147.5 72.5 150 Levee side post 75 Report #LOXA05-009 Page 39 of 39 January 2006 Sediment Surface Elevation Transmittal Form Everglades Research and Education Center University of Florida, Belle Glade, FL 33430 Transect ID: L40-26 1-8C: 16.35 ft 10:00 AM S-362: 00.00 ft 9.37 AM Time & Date: 9/15/2005 9:30 G-94C: 15.62 ft 10:00 AM G-300: 16.24 ft 10:16 AM Tapedown: 2.775 ft 9.30 AM G-94D Researchers: O. Diaz & J. Mayo Distance Depth From Distance Depth From From Water Surface Penetrometer From Water Surface Penetrometer Interior Post to Sediment Depth Interior Post to Sediment Depth (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft) 0 Interior post 77.5 2.5 80 5 82.5 7.5 85 10 87.5 12.5 90 15 92.5 17.5 95 20 97.5 22.5 100 25 102.5 27.5 105 30 9.13 107.5 32.5 110 35 112.5 37.5 115 40 10.29 117.5 42.5 120 45 122.5 47.5 125 50 10.81 127.5 52.5 130 55 132.5 57.5 135 60 10.93 137.5 62.5 140 65 142.5 67.5 145 Levee side post 70 10.81 147.5 72.5 150 75