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Sponsored by: |
National Cancer Institute (NCI) |
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Information provided by: | National Institutes of Health Clinical Center (CC) |
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: | NCT00342472 |
The overall goal of this project is to determine whether polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are contributing to the high rate of esophageal cancer in Linxian, China.
Esophageal cancer is one of the most fatal cancers worldwide with Linxian, China having one of the highest rates in the world. In the United States esophageal cancer causes approximately 10,000 deaths each year. It is the fourth most common cause of cancer death in black males and the eighth leading cause of cancer death in men of all races. Although several recent studies have identified some of the molecular changes associated with esophageal cancer, its prevention and treatment within high risk groups continues to be limited by our inability to identify specific etiologic agents.
Human exposure to PAHs, including benzo [a]pyrene (B[a]P), is associated with an increased rate of skin, lung, and upper GI tumors and also with an increased mortality from causes related to atherosclerosis. Evidence, including the preliminary results from histologic and food analysis pilot studies, supports the idea that this region's high rate of esophageal cancer may be related to long-term, high-level exposure to PAHs via inhalation of air-borne pollution and ingestion of food cooked with soft coal.
Thus, to assess the association of PAHs with the high rate of esophageal cancer in Linxian, China, we plan to analyze samples of food for the presence of PAHs, samples of blood for Hb adducts (a marker of long-term PAH exposure), samples of urine for 1-OH-Pyrene glucuronide (a maker of short-term PAH exposure), and samples of coal for characteristics that may be associated with increased carcinogenesis. We will also administer environmental questionnaires that will include questions about the type of fuel used for cooking and heating, the location and type of stove and/or heating unit (i.e., vented versus unvented), and time spent cooking.
Condition |
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Esophageal Cancer |
Study Type: | Observational |
Official Title: | Environmental and Biological Monitoring Pilot Study for Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Linxian, China |
Estimated Enrollment: | 100 |
Study Start Date: | July 1998 |
The overall goal of this project is to determine whether polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) or acetaldehyde are contributing to the high rate of esophageal cancer in Linxian, China.
Esophageal cancer is one of the most fatal cancers worldwide with Linxian, China having one of the highest rates in the world. In the United States esophageal cancer causes approximately 14,000 deaths each year. It is the fourth most common cause of cancer death in black males and the eighth leading cause of cancer death in men of all races. The prevention and treatment of esophageal cancer within high risk groups continues to be limited by our inability to identify specific etiologic agents.
Human exposure to PAHs, including benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P), is associated with an increased rate of skin, lung, and upper GI tumors and also with an increased mortality from causes related to atherosclerosis. Preliminary results from histologic and food analysis pilot studies, supports the possibility that the high rates of esophageal cancer in Linax may be related to long-term, high-level exposure to PAHs via inhalation of air-borne pollution and ingestion of food cooked with soft coal.
Exposure to acetaldehyde could also be an etiologically significant exposure in Linxian. Acetaldehyde is a carcinogenic metabolite, and small quantities of ethanol were recently found in homogenized Linxian food samples. The Salaspuro laboratory at the University of Helsinki has demonstrated that oral bacteria can produce acetaldehyde from food containing similar small concentrations of ethanol, so such acetaldehyde exposure could be etiologically significant in Linxian Genetic polymorphisms, particularly those involving alcohol and acetaldehyde dehydrogenases, may also influence the effect of this exposure.
To assess the association of PAHs and acetaldehyde with the high rate of esophageal cancer in Linxian, China, we plan to analyze samples of food for the presence of PAHs, ethanol and acetaldehyde, samples of blood for Hb adducts (markers of long-term PAH or acetaldehyde exposure), samples of urine for 1-OH-Pyrene glucuronide (a maker of short-term PAH exposure), samples of saliva for acetaldehyde and samples of coal for characteristics that may be associated with increased carcinogenesis. We will also administer environmental questionnaires that will include questions about the type of fuel used for cooking and heating, the location and type of stove and/or heating units, and time spent cooking.
Ages Eligible for Study: | 19 Years and older |
Genders Eligible for Study: | Both |
Accepts Healthy Volunteers: | Yes |
Two of the oldest indviduals (a male and a female greater than 18 years of age) from each of 10-15 nonsmoking households from the high-risk region of Linxian, China and, to the extent that is possible, from appropriately age matched controls from a total of 20 nonsmoking individuals from the low-risk region of Gejiu, Yunnan province will be selected to participate.
Contact: Mark J. Roth, M.D. | (301) 402-8276 | rothm@mail.nih.gov |
China | |
Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences | Recruiting |
Beijing, China |
Study ID Numbers: | 999998008, OH98-C-N008 |
Study First Received: | June 19, 2006 |
Last Updated: | December 18, 2008 |
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: | NCT00342472 |
Health Authority: | United States: Federal Government |
Esophageal Cancer Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons China Foods |
Digestive System Neoplasms Digestive System Diseases Esophageal disorder Gastrointestinal Diseases Esophageal cancer |
Head and Neck Neoplasms Esophageal Neoplasms Gastrointestinal Neoplasms Esophageal Diseases |
Neoplasms Neoplasms by Site |